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湖南省下寒武统牛蹄塘组页岩孔隙结构特征

中国煤炭地质COAL GEOLOGY OF CHINA Vol.28No.01 Jan.2016

第28卷1期

2016年1月

文章编号:1674-1803(2016)01-0033-08 doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-1803.2016.01.07

0前言

随着常规油气资源勘探开发难度的日益增大,页岩气已在我国能源结构中占据重要位置。近十年来,页岩气的勘探开发成为了全球油气资源勘探开发的新热点,具有巨大的勘探开发潜力,有望成为常规石油和天然气的重要替代清洁能源[1-4]。在页岩气储层评价中,孔隙度一直是页岩气储层评价的关键因素之一,也是近年来国内外非常规油气勘探重点研究内容之一[5-8]。页岩由无机矿物(石英、长石、粘土等)和有机质等成分组成,受页岩有机质丰度、有机质类型、有机质成熟度、矿物组成以及地层埋藏热成熟演化的影响,孔隙类型多样且结构异常复杂。因此页岩孔隙结构研究具有重要的理论价值和应用前景[9-15]。本文主要选取了湖南省境内的牛蹄塘组作为主要的目标层位,运用先进的分析测试技

湖南省下寒武统牛蹄塘组页岩孔隙结构特征

王晓龙1,2,蔡宁波3

(1.长江大学油气资源与勘探技术教育部重点实验室,武汉430100;2.长江大学地球物理与石油资源学院,武汉430100;

3.湖南省煤炭地质勘查院,长沙410014)

摘要:选取下寒武统牛蹄塘组作为湖南省页岩气勘探开发的目标层位,通过对典型页岩样品的有机碳含量、有机质成熟度、矿物形态、裂缝形态、孔隙结构特征等进行测试分析,结果表明:①从采集的65块黑色页岩样品的有机碳值分析,有机碳含量普遍较高,最高值达到17.7%。其中湘西北高值区主要在大庸、慈利、桃源和常德县等地,含量在6%~15%;湘南高值区主要分布在衡阳、郴州及江永;湘西、常德部分地区、龙山地区等热演化已达到成熟及过成熟阶段。②牛蹄塘组裂缝发育,孔隙类型有原生孔、外生孔、矿物质孔,矿物质含量高,矿物自形程度高。③牛蹄塘组储层微孔较多,且孔隙体积较大,具有较好的储气性。研究认为:湖南省下寒武统牛蹄塘组页岩储层微孔较多,且孔隙体积较大,具有较好的储气性;孔隙和喉道分布均匀,孔隙分布较均匀,有利于页岩气的排出;页岩吸附能力较强。据此得出牛蹄塘组是湖南省页岩气勘探开发的重点目标层位。

关键词:牛蹄塘组;黑色页岩;孔隙结构;湖南省

中图分类号:P618.130.21文献标识码:A

Pore Geometry Features in Lower Cambrian Niutitang Formation Shale,Hunan Province

Wang Xiaolong1,2,Cai Ningbo3

(1.Key Laboratory of Exploration Technologies for Oil and Gas Resources,Ministry of Education,Yangtze University,Wuhan,Hubei 430100;2.School of Geophysics and Petroleum Resources,Yangtze University,Wuhan,Hubei430100;3.Hunan Provincial Coal

Geological Exploration Institute,Changsha,Hunan410014)

Abstract:Taking the lower Cambrian Niutitang Formation as the target for shale gas exploration and exploitation in Hunan Province has carried out tests and analyses of organic carbon content,organic matter maturity,mineral form,fissure form and pore geometry for typical shale samples.The result has shown that:①Analysis of organic carbon contents from65black shale samples has found that the contents are generally higher,the highest can be17.7%.The higher content areas have Dayong,Cili,Taoyuan and Changde counties in northwestern Hunan;the figure is about6%~15%;southern Hunan higher content areas have Hengyang,Chenzhou and Jiangyong; the thermal evolution in western Hunan,some parts in Changde area and Longshan area has reached mature and over mature stages.②Fissures are well developed in Niutitang Formation,pore types have primary pore,exogenetic pore and mineral pore.The mineral con?tent and idiomorphic degree are high.③Niutitang Formation reservoir has numerous micropores with larger pore volume,thus better gas storage capacity.The study has considered that the shale reservoir has better gas storage capacity,pores and pore throats uniformly distributed,thus in favor of shale gas drainage;adsorptivity of shale is strong.In view of the above,the Niutitang Formation can be the key target horizon for shale gas exploration and exploitation in Hunan Province.

Keywords:Niutitang Formation;black shale;pore geometry;Hunan Province

基金项目:构造与油气资源教育部重点实验室开放基金(TPR-

2014-11)和长江大学长江青年基金(112-7011202103)联

合资助

作者简介:王晓龙(1985—),男,讲师,博士,从事地震地质综合解

释、石油地质和非常规油气地质方面的研究和教学工作。

收稿日期:2015-08-11

责任编辑:唐锦秀

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