下载文档原格式
Book 4 Unit 6 The Pace of Life1) To stimulate consumption, farmers now can buy household appliances with government subsidy.译文：为了刺激消费，农民可以通过政府补贴来购买家用电器。
2）Conventional medicine has concentrated mainly on the treatment of chronic and acute illness, and until recent years the role of preventive(预防性的) medicine has suffered comparative neglect.译文：传统医学一直主要致力于慢性病和急性病的治疗，而且预防医学的作用还一直相对地遭到冷遇，直到近几年这个情况才有所缓解。
3）Cost apart, you should remember that however fancy a fridge is ,it doesn’t kill bacteria (细菌); it only shows down the rate at which they multiply.译文：除去（购买的）费用，你应该记住，不管电冰箱有多别致，它也不能够杀灭死细菌，它只能降低细菌的繁殖速度。
4）The economic planners are seeking to achieve a fairer distribution of wealth throughout society, but it’s easier said than done, I think.译文：经济规划师正设法在全社会实现更为公平的财富分配，但我认为这说起来容易做起来难。
注释：seek to do…意为“设法做…”，相当于try to do…；distribution 意为“分配”5）The town has been producing wool, cloth, and blankets since the 13th century and much of its prosperity today is still founded on those industries.译文：自13 世纪以来，这个城镇一直生产羊毛、布匹和地毯，它今天的许多繁荣兴旺仍然建立在那些工业的基础上。
U6(large)quantities/大量a large quantities ofappalling a.骇人听闻的appliance n.用具be doomed to注定要…be/feel oblige to do sth.觉得应该做某事bewilder vt.使困惑bewildering a.令人困惑的burden n.负担by nature天生的byte n.字节CD-ROM abbr.只读光盘存储器childcare n.照料小孩comparative a.相比的concierge n.家政confine n.（pl)边界convention n.大会，惯例cope vi.（成功地）对付cram vt.硬塞入curator n.馆长decorate v.装饰discontent n.不满足，不满意distribution n.分布divert vt.使转向doom注定…eat into侵蚀empty-nester n.空巢者enslave使成为奴隶entomology n.昆虫学evade vt.逃避ever-increasing a.不断增长的existence n.存在expedition n.远征explosion n.剧增，爆炸famine n.饥荒fax n.传真forecast vt.预报fraction n.小部分frontier n.前沿futile a.无效的gender n.性别glitch n.小故障gratification n.满意，满足groom vt.梳洗honorary a.荣誉的journal n.期刊keep sb. up with sth.使…跟上形势laptop n.笔记本电脑millennium n.一千年minute a.极小的mobility n.流动性motorcar（BrE)汽车multiply v.增加，乘nurture vt.养育oblige v.效劳offspring n.孩子on the go繁忙；活动多perception n.看法，感觉peripherally ad.边缘地philosopher n.哲学家point the way to sth.指明方向pour in大量涌入pre-school a.学前的proliferate v.（数量）激增prosperity n.繁荣provoke vt.引起publication n.出版（物）reaction n.反应remedy n.补救办法retailer n.零售商retirement n.退休scholarship n.学术研究self-imposed a.自己强加的，自愿承担的set about开始着手shortage n.缺少shorthand n.简略表达singles n.未婚的人们sociology n.社会学streamline vt.使效率更高surfeit n.过量switch off(用开关）关掉syndrome n.综合症time-consuming a.耗费时间的time-pressed a.时间不足的toil vi.辛苦劳动transatlantic a.横越大西洋的unevenly ad.不均衡地，不平整地untangle vt.理顺voicemail n.语音邮件waste away挥霍掉zoology n.动物学。
第六单元单词1. a handful of 少数，少量；一把e.g. Only a handful of graduates have not found jobs so far.2. a variety of 各种的；各种各样的e.g. People change their minds for a variety of reasons.3. abundance n. quantity that is more than enough; plenty 丰富；丰裕e.g. The visitor to Oxford has an abundance of sights to see.4. aircraft n. （单复同）飞机；航空器e.g. The goal of air traffic control is to minimize the risk of aircraft collisions.5. amount to be equal to; add up to 相当于；总计e.g. In 1959 the combined value of U.S. imports and exports amounted to less than 9 percent of the country's gross domestic product.6. appalling a. causing fear; shocking; terrible 骇人听闻的；令人震惊的e.g. When will this appalling war end?7. appliance n. instrument or device for a specific purpose 用具；器具e.g. The Energy Department has set efficiency standards for new home appliances.8. arise vi. (arose, arisen) appear; become evident 出现；呈现e.g. Challenging ethical issues have arisen in science and medicine.9. be doomed to 命定；注定e.g. He thought that he was doomed to spend the rest of his life in a wheelchair.10. bewildering a. puzzling 令人困惑的；费解的bewilder vt. puzzle; confuse 使困惑；使糊涂e.g. I don't know how to solve this bewildering question.11. burden n. heavy load 负担，重负e.g. Some farmers are complaining about the heavy burden of taxation.12. byte n. (of computer) fixed number of binary digits, often representing a single character 字节；位组13. candy n. sweets or chocolate 糖果；巧克力14. CD-ROM abbr. compactdisc read-only memory 光盘只读存储器15. cell-phone n. 手机16. childcare n. 儿童保育；儿童照管17. comparative a. involving comparison or comparing 比较的；相比的e.g. Some sociologists have carried out large-scale historical-comparative studies.18. concierge n. doorkeeper 看门人，看守人19. confine n. (usu. pl) boundaries; limits; borders 范围；界限；边界e.g. This is outside the confines of human knowledge.20. confusion n. bewilderment or embarrassment 惶惑；迷乱e.g. I explained the question to him three times, but there was still a look of confusion on his face.21. convention n. conference of members of a profession, political party; generally accepted social behavior 大会；惯例，常规e.g. She was a speaker at the Railway Workers' Convention in 1956.22. cope vi. deal successfully (with sb. / sth. difficult) （成功地）对付；妥善处理e.g. Health psychologists study how people cope with stress.23. cram vt. push or force into a small place 将……塞入，硬塞进e.g. It's dangerous for too many people to be crammed into a bus.24. curator n. person in charge of a museum, an art gallery, etc. （博物馆、美术馆等的）馆长25. discontent n. lack of satisfaction 不满足；不满意e.g. The strikers were a sign of discontent with poor pay.26. distribution n. 分布；分配e.g. The study of animal distribution is called zoogeography.27. divert vt. turn (sb./sth.) aside from a course, direction, etc. into another 使转向；转移e.g. Some dams divert the flow of river water into a pipeline, canal, or channel.28. domestic a. of the home, household or family; of or inside a particular country 家庭的；家务的；国内的e.g. Police and hospital records indicate that the majority of victims of domestic violence are women.29. eat into gradually reduce the amount of (sth. valuable); damage or destroy 吞噬；侵蚀；毁坏e.g. All these car expenses are eating into our savings.30. economy n. 经济；经济制度；节约e.g. His views on knowledge economy have been accepted with unanimity.31. empty-nester n. 厮守“空巢”者（尤指子女不在身边的人）32. enslave vt. make a slave of (sb.) 使成为奴隶，奴役e.g. Her beauty enslaved many young men.33. entomology n. scientific study of insects 昆虫学34. evade vt. avoid (sth. unpleasant or unwanted); manage not to do (sth. which should be done) 躲开，避开；逃避e.g. The released criminal always tries to evade the police.35. expedition n. organized journey or voyage witha particular aim 远行；探险；远征e.g. Scott died while he was on an expedition to the Antarctic in 1912.36. famine n. (instance of) extreme scarcity of food in a region 饥荒e.g. China has succeeded in feeding its people; national attention to equity, agriculture, and birth control has significantly reduced the threat of famine.37. fax n. 传真件；传真系统38. forecast (forecast or forecasted) vt. tell in advance; predict 预报；预测e.g. The means of forecasting natural disasters, such as floods, and hurricanes, have improved immensely as science and technology have advanced.39. forum n. an assembly, place, radio program etc. for the discussion of public matters or current questions 论坛；讨论会；（广播、电视的）专题讨论节目e.g. The school authorities will provide a forum where problems can be discussed.40. fraction n. a small part, bit, amount or proportion (of sth.) 小部分，一点儿，少许e.g. Only a small fraction of the population lived in that remote area.41. frontier n. (usu. pl)（某学科的）知识边缘，（探索活动的）新领域；边境e.g. To open up the space frontier, NASA will try to lower the cost of access to Earth orbit.42. futile a. producing no result; useless; pointless 无效的；无用的；无意义的e.g. I was futile to continue the negotiations.43. gender n. 性别44. glitch n. 小故障，失灵45. gratification a. state of being pleased or satisfied 满意；满足e.g. Your approval gives me much gratification.46. groom vt. take care of the appearance of (oneself) by dressing neatly 梳妆e.g. He groomed himself carefully in front of the mirror.47. growth n. (process of) growing; development 生长；发展e.g. The area has seen a rapid population growth.48. honorary a. (of a degree, rank, etc.) given as an honor（指学位、级别等）荣誉的e.g. He's the honorary chairman of the committee.49. idleness n. the state of being idle 闲散；无所事事e.g. Idleness is the parent of all vice.50. in reality in actual fact; really 事实上；实际上e.g. Some famous private schools are theoretically open to the public, but in reality are attended by those who can afford the fees.51. journal n. newspaper or periodical, esp. one that is serious and deals with a specialized subject 日报；(学术) 期刊e.g. the Journal of Medical Science52. laptop n. 便携式电脑53. millennium n. (pl millennia or millenniums) period of a thousand years 一千年54. minute a. very small in size or amount 极小的；极少的e.g. Only a minute amount of money is needed.55. motorcar n. 汽车56. multiply v. increase in number or quantity; add a number to itself a particular number of times 增加；乘e.g. The weeds just multiplied, and before long the garden was a jungle.57. nurturevt. care for and educate (a child); encourage the growth of (sth.); nourish 养育；培育；滋养e.g. Parents want to know the best way to nurture and raise their children to adulthood.58. oblige v. do sth. for (sb.) as a favor or small service（为……）效劳；帮（……的）忙e.g. If you ever need help with the baby-sitting, I'd be happy to oblige.59. offspring n.（单复同）child or children of a particular person or couple 孩子，子女e.g. Heredity is the process of transmitting biological traits from parents to offspring through genes.60. on the go (infml) very active or busy 繁忙；活动多e.g. I've been on the go all week, preparing my thesis.61. on-line a. connected to and controlled by a computer 联机的，在线的62. perception n. way of seeing or understanding sth.; ability to notice and understand things 看法，观念；感知，感觉e.g. Aesthetics is a branch of philosophy concerned with the essence of perception of beauty and ugliness.63. peripherally ad. 外围地；边缘地；次要地peripheral a.64. pour in 大量涌入e.g. Many football fans poured into the stadium to have a look at their favorite football players.65. pre-school a. 学龄前的；学前的e.g. pre-school children66. proliferate v. increase rapidly in numbers; produce new growth or offspring rapidly （数量）激增；（迅速地）增殖e.g. In recent years commercial, cultural, travel and other contacts have proliferated between Europe and China.67. prosperity n. state of being economically successful; state of being successful or rich （经济的）繁荣；成功，富足e.g. War brings no prosperity to the great mass of ordinary citizens.68. provoke vt. cause (sth.) to occur or arouse (a feeling, etc.) 使产生；引起（某种感情等）e.g. People's concern over genetically modified food has provoked a global debate that shows no sign of ending soon.69. publication n. 出版（物）；发表，公布e.g. The collection of the theses is ready for publication.70. quantities/a large quantity of large amounts/a large amount of 许多的，大量的e.g. The key to staying healthy and strong when backpacking is to eat large quantities of energy-rich foods71. reasonably ad. in a reasonable way; moderately 合理地；适度地reasonable a.72. retailer n. tradesman who sells by retail 零售73. self-imposed a. decided by oneself, without being influenced or ordered by other people 自己强加的，自愿承担的74. set about begin (a task); start (doing sth.) 开始；着手e.g. The school authorities must set about finding solutions to the campus security problems.75. shortage n. lack of sth. needed; deficiency 缺少；不足；短缺e.g. The world is facing the prospect of water shortages caused by population growth, uneven supplies of water, pollution, and other factors.76. shorthand n. 简略的表达方式；速记（法）77. singles n. unmarried people 未婚的人们78. sociology n. 社会学79. software n. 软件e.g. He is applying for a position of software engineer.80. spring up appear, develop, grow, etc. quickly or suddenly 迅速发展（或生长）；突然出现e.g. New professional training schools sprang up all over the country.81. streamline vt. make (sth.) more efficient and effective 使合理化，使效率更高；使成流线型e.g. Corporate mergers can result in job losses because management combines and streamlines departments within the newly merged companies. 82. stress n. pressure or worry resulting from mental or physical distress, difficult circumstances, etc. 压力，重压vt. put stress, pressure, or strain on 加压力于；使紧张e.g. There is enough evidence to suggest that job stress may increase a man's risk of dying from heart disease.83. surfeit n. too large an amount 过量，过度e.g. A surfeit of food makes one sick.84. switch off disconnect (electricity, etc.) 关，切断（电源等）e.g. Be sure to switch off the lights when you leave home.85. syndrome n. set of symptoms which together indicate a particular disease or abnormal condition 综合病症；综合症状86. time-consuming a. taking or needing much time 耗费时间的e.g. Starting a new business, however small, is a time-consuming exercise.87. toil vi. work hard and untiringly; move with difficulty or pain 辛苦地劳作；艰难地行动e.g. We toiled away all afternoon to get the house ready for our guests.88. transatlantic a. crossing the Atlantic; on or from the other side of the Atlantic 横越大西洋的；在（或来自）大西洋彼岸的89. unemployeda. temporarily without a paid job 未被雇用的；失业的e.g. He was unemployed for two months after leaving college.90. unevenlyad. 不均衡地；不平坦地；不平整地uneven a.91. untanglevt. free (sth.) from knots, complexities, etc. 解开……的纠结，理顺e.g. She untangled her hair from the hair-drier.92. voicemailn. an electronic communication system in which spoken messages are recorded and stored for later playback for the intended recipient 语音邮件93. volunteer n. person who offers to do sth. without being compelled or paid 自愿者；志愿兵e.g. Some students served as volunteers to help the old and disabled in the community in their spare time.94. widespread a. found or distributed over a large area 遍布的；大面积的e.g. The landscape of the American West was dramatically altered during the 20th century as a result of the widespread construction of dams along major rivers.95. zoology n. scientific study of the structure, form and distribution of animals 动物学。
Part I: Vocabulary and StructureSection A: Complete the sentences using the correct words in the box.1.Our office building luckily had a(n) auxiliarypower supply to use when the electricitywent out.Your answer Correct answerauxiliary auxiliary2.There's not much of a(n) orientationfor the year's best movie, but there are a few goodones.Your answer Correct answerorientation selection3.Unfortunately, she's had a(n) degeneratioand her cancer has reappeared.Your answer Correct answerdegeneration relapse4. Soldiers in the military quickly learn that their superior officers are often not verytolerantof differing opinions.Your answer Correct answertolerant tolerant5.During wartime, there's usually a surge in nationalismas people rally together tosupport a common cause.Your answer Correct answernationalism nationalism6.I've never had a friend quite so loyalas my dog Rex.Your answer Correct answer loyal loyal7.Mr. Sanford, I love your daughter and I'd like to ask for your permission to proposetoher.Your answer Correct answerpropose propose8.We hired a company to come in and eradicatethe mice from our basement.Your answer Correct answer eradicate eradicate9.The teacher slowly lost control of her students and let the class relapseinto a chaosof voices.Your answer Correct answerrelapse degenerate 10. If you see anything suspicious, please report it immediately to one of theuniformedpolice officers.Your answer Correct answeruniformed uniformed11.I tend to live by the motto"Work hard, play hard."Your answer Correct answer motto motto12.The law states that people younger than 21 cannot drink beer, wine, or liquor.Your answer Correct answer liquor liquor13.Celebrities are often subject to the selectionof public opinion, increasing and decreasingin popularity every day.Your answer Correct answerselection tyranny14.Last Saturday, we stood in line for an hour to get a cone from the ice cream vendor.Your answer Correct answer vendor vendor15.College students usually begin their first year with tyrannyactivities so they arefamiliar with their new environment.Your answer Correct answertyranny orientation16. Historiansusually disagree about who they think the greatest world leader of all time is.Your answer Correct answerHistorians Historians17.If you'd like to disputethe charges, please call the phone number for complaints. Your answer Correct answerdispute dispute18.The renownedphysicist earned even more recognition when he won the Nobel Prize.Your answer Correct answerrenowned renowned19.Do you have anyinsightinto why your employees are behaving so poorly? Your answer Correct answerinsight insight20. After ten long years of holding a grudge against him, I think it's finally time to makeamends.amends amends Section B: Fill in each of the blanks with a suitable word.21.Why did you interview for that job inthe first place?Your answer Correct answer in in22.Oh my goodness, these photos date backto my college days.Your answer Correct answer back back23.After our dog destroyed the living room couch, we packed him upto obedienceschool.Your answer Correct answerup off24.As soon as five o'clock rolled around, Maria took offand went home.Your answer Correct answer off off25.The book can be summed upin one word: boring.Your answer Correct answer up up26.Can you get meoutof this assignment?Your answer Correct answer out out27.The researchers were onthe brink of a major discovery.on on28.My ankle is still sore, so I'm afraid I'm going to have to sit outthis game.Your answer Correct answer out out29.The spare bedroom doubles asmy home office.Your answer Correct answer as as30.The presidents talked about, amongother things, the peace treaty between theircountries.Your answer Correct answeramong amongPart II: Banked ClozeQuestions 31 to 40 are based on the following passage.It is truly (31)shabbythat people nowadays don't know nearly enough aboutancient civilizations. In the Western world, the cultures of ancient Greece and Rome gave rise to thepopular idea of (32)democracythat is central to many modern governments. Democraticgovernments sometimes are derided as a(n) (33)fallacyin today's world—manypeople don't feel as if they truly have a meaningful voice. However, there were cities (particularly in Greece) where the democratic ideal was born and every citizen truly had a powerful voice.Remarkably, we know this is the case because many documents have survived. Historians canverify their (34)mightby dating the paper, so we can (35)unhesitatinglydeclare that they are legitimate. Linguists are able to (36)decipherthe ancientlanguages used in the documents, and we are therefore able to benefit from the wisdom inscribed onthose pages. In addition, researchers can use (37)archaeologyto uncover the physicalremains of ancient villages. We have discovered that homes were a uniform size and most people lived as relative equals.I find it truly (38)lamentableto hear people say that there's nothing we can learnfrom history. Even if only a small (39)fragmentof the wisdom of ancient Greecesurvived until today, we would be better off. Indeed, it is an amazing thing to realize that our(40)destinyas a people, our future, depends on our knowledge and understanding ofour past.Your answer Correct answer(31) shabby lamentable(32) democracy democracy(33) fallacy fallacy(34) might authenticity(35) unhesitatingly unhesitatingly(36) decipher decipher(37) archaeology archaeology(38) lamentable offensive(39) fragment fragment(40) destiny destinyPart III: Reading ComprehensionQuestions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage.Museums, as places of cultural significance, find their roots in the classical world. Ancient Greece and Rome constructed and valued "museums," though they were largely centers of philosophical thought, rather than repositories of valuable objects. Nevertheless, the ancient world still had public collections of objects which resembled the modern concept of a museum. Greek temples and Roman forums often displayed gold and silver offerings, sculptures, and paintings.During the 15th century, the modern concept of museums came into fashion in Europe. During the following few centuries, museums such as the Ashmolean Museum, the Vatican museums, the British Museum, and the Louvre were founded and opened. The first modern museums began as private collections of wealthy individuals who amassed extensive collections and then exhibited them for public viewing. The modern museum has been described as "a product of Renaissance humanism,eighteenth-century enlightenment, and nineteenth-century democracy." These first museums were, however, rarely accessible to the public beyond the upper classes.Until the 18th century, museums were chiefly concerned with collecting the beautiful and the curious, and this was often done for personal interests. During the 19th and 20th centuries, however, museums and cultural institutions proliferated throughout Europe and the United States. It was during this intense period of proliferation that the concept of the museum as something more than just a storehouse for invaluable treasures was developed. Museums began to dedicate themselves to collection, conservation, preservation, and research. Natural history, science, and art museums became scholarly centers of academic research and thought. Once museums and other cultural institutions became public, exhibition became a much more predominant concern. Preexisting museum goals (e.g., collection, conservation, and preservation) suddenly became the means to procure interesting and desirable exhibitions.Museums in the United States developed slowly. Charles Wilson Peale founded his natural history museum in the late 18th century in Philadelphia, and he is considered the first great American museum director. In 1846, James Smithson made a bequest to the United States "for the increase and diffusion of knowledge" which led to the development of the Smithsonian Institution. The United States finally made itsmark on the development of the modern museum in 1870 with the founding of the American Museum of Natural History and the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York and the Museum of Fine Arts in Boston. Throughout the 20th century, museums and other cultural institutions began to focus on education. American museums, especially, are devoted to public education in their specific areas of expertise. Many such organizations have also transformed themselves into cultural centers with performing arts, music, and film presentations.41. Which of the following museums was the first to open?A. Metropolitan Museum of Art.B. Smithsonian Institution.C. British Museum.D. Peale's Natural History Museum.42. With which of the following statements would the author of this passage NOT agree?A. Museums in the classical world were very similar to museums in the 19th century.B. The modern museum developed over several hundred years.C. Modern museums have many priorities other than collecting.D. The earliest museums were only accessible to the wealthy.43. According to this passage, the modern concept of museums dates back to _____.A. the classical worldB. the 15th centuryC. the 18th centuryD. the 20th century44. This passage is best described as _____.A. a first-person memoirB. a dramatic dialogueC. a persuasive essayD. a historical survey45. Modern museums tend to focus on all of the following EXCEPT _____.A. conservationB. philosophical thoughtC. preservationD. educationts, music, and film presentations.。
1. What do you do to celebrate National Day?2. Suppose you were abroad, would you do anything special to commemorate the occasion?Along about this time every year, as Independence Day approaches, I pull an old American flag out of a bottom drawer where it is folded away — folded in a square, I admit, not the regulation triangle. I've had it a long time and have always flown it outside on July 4. Here in Paris it hangs from a fourth-floor balcony visible from the street. I've never seen anyone look up, but in my mind's eye an American tourist may notice it and smile, and a French passerby may be reminded of the date and the occasion that prompt its appearance. I hope so.For my expatriated family, too, the flag is meaningful, in part because we don't do anything else to celebrate the Fourth. People don't have barbecues in Paris apartments, and most other Americans I know who have settled here suppress such outward signs of their heritage — or they go back home for the summer to refuel.Our children think the flag-hanging is a cool thing, and I like it because it gives us a few moments of family Q&A about our citizenship. My wife and I have been away from the United States for nine years, and our children are eleven and nine, so American history is mostly something they have learned — or haven't learned — from their parents. July 4 is one of the times when the American in me feels a twinge of unease about the great lacunae in our children's understanding of who they are and is prompted to try to fill the gaps. It's also a time, one among many, when my thoughts turn more generally to the costs and benefits of raising children in a foreign culture.Louise and Henry speak French fluently; they are taught in French at school, and most of their friends are French. They move from language to language, seldom mixing them up, without effort or even awareness. This is a wonderful thing, of course. And our physical separation from our native land isnot much of an issue. My wife and I are grateful every day for all that our children are not exposed to. American school shootings are a good object lesson for our children in the follies of the society we hold at a distance.Naturally, we also want to remind them of reasons to take pride in being American and to try to convey to them what that means. It is a difficult thing to do from afar, and the distance seems more than just a matter of miles. I sometimes think that the stories we tell them must seem like Aesop's (or La Fontaine's) fables, myths with no fixed place in space or time. Still, connections can be made, lessons learned.Last summer we spent a week with my brother and his family, who live in Concord, Massachusetts, and we took the children to the North Bridge to give them a glimpse of the American Revolution. We happened to run across a reenactment of the skirmish that launched the war, with everyone dressed up in three-cornered hats and cotton bonnets. This probably only confirmed to our goggle-eyed kids the make-believe quality of American history.Six months later, when we were recalling the experience at the family dinner table here, I asked Louise what the Revolution had been about. She thought that it had something to do with the man who rode his horse from town to town. Ah, I said, satisfaction swelling in my breast, and what was that man's name? "Gulliver?" Louise replied. Henry, for his part, knew that the Revolution was between the British and the Americans, and thought that it was probably about slavery.As we pursued this conversation, though, we learned what the children knew instead. Louise told us that the French Revolution came at the end of the Enlightenment, when people learned a lot of ideas, and one was that they didn't need kings to tell them what to think or do. On another occasion, when Henry asked what makes a person a "junior" or a "Ⅱ" or a "Ⅲ", Louise helped me answer by bringing up kings like Louis Quatorze and Quinze and Seize; Henry riposted with Henry Ⅷ.I can't say I worry much about our children's European frame of reference. There will be plenty of time for them to learn America's pitifully brief history and to find out who Thomas Jefferson and Franklin Roosevelt were. Already they know a great deal more than I would have wished about Bill Clinton.If all of this resonates with me, it may be because my family moved to Paris in 1954, when I was three, and I was enrolled in French schools for most of my grade-school years. I don't remember much instruction in American studies at school or at home. I do remember that my mother took me out of school one afternoon to see the movie Oklahoma! I can recall what a faraway place it seemed: all that sunshine and square dancing and surreys with fringe on top. The sinister Jud Fry personified evil for quite some time afterward. Cowboys and Indians were an American cliche that had already reached Paris through the movies, and I asked a grandparent to send me a Davy Crockett hat so that I could live out that fairy tale against the backdrop of gray postwar Montparnasse.Although my children are living in the same place at roughly the same time in their lives, their experience as expatriates is very different from mine. The particular narratives of American history aside, American culture is not theirs alone but that of their French classmates, too. The music they listen to is either "American" or "European," but it is often hard to tell the difference. In my day little French kids looked like nothing other than little French kids; but Louise and Henry and their classmates dress much as their peers in the United States do, though with perhaps less Lands' End fleeciness. When I returned to visit the United States in the 1950s, it was a five-day ocean crossing for a month's home leave every two years; now we fly over for a week or two, although not very often. Virtually every imaginable product available to my children's American cousins is now obtainable here.If time and globalization have made France much more like the United States than it was in my youth, then I can conclude a couple of things. On the one hand, our children are confronting a much less jarring cultural divide than I did, and they have more access to their native culture. Re-entry, when itcomes, is likely to be smoother. On the other hand, they are less than fully immersed in a truly foreign world. That experience no longer seems possible in Western countries — a sad development, in my view.网上教室有以下内容:学习指导高职高专大学英语英语专业硕士英语博士英语语音教学。
Unit 6.1. The long drawn-out ____ between the employers and workers led to the strike l ast week.A. communicationB. conflictC. contributionD. conference2. A safety analysis _____ the target as a potential danger. Unfortunately, it was n ever done.A. would identifyB. will identifyC. would have identifiedD. will have identified3. I find this treatment very _____ to my health.A. advisableB. invaluableC. beneficialD. worthy4. The goal is to make higher education available to everyone who is willing and ca pable _____ his financial situation.A. due toB. according toC. regardless ofD. in terms of5. Sadly, as spending on private gardens has _____, spending on public parks has generally declined.A. heightenedB. liftedC. flownD. soared1-5 .B C C C D6. In _____ times human beings did not travel for pleasure but to find a more fav orable climate.A. primeB. primitiveC. primaryD. preliminar y7. The lost car of the Lees was found _____ in the woods off the highway.A. vanishedB. abandonedC. scatteredD. rejected8. According to the psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud, wisdom comes from the _____ of maturity.A. fulfillmentB. achievementC. establishmentD. accomplishm ent9. It is necessary that an efficient worker _____ his work on time.A .accomplishes B. can accomplish C. accomplish D. has accompl ished10. At no point south of the Han River _____ more than a mile.A. the enemy didn't advanceB. the enemy advancedC. did the enemy advanceD. didn't the enemy advance6-10 B B B C C11. Because a degree from a good university is the means to a better job, educatio n is one of the most _____ areas in Japanese life.A. sophisticatedB. competitiveC. considerateD. superficial12. We need to create education standards that prepare our next generation who w ill be _____ with an even more competitive market.A. tackledB. encounteredC. dealtD. confronted13. I would be sitting in a comfortable office now if I _____ more energies to my study instead of being crazy about going online at college.A. devotedB. would have devotedC. were to devoteD. had devoted14. Despite their good service, most inns are less costly than hotels of _____ stand ards.A. equivalentB. alikeC. uniformD. likely15. Extensive reporting on television has helped to _____ interest in a wide variety of sports and activities.A. gatherB. generateC. assembleD. yield11-15.B D D A B16. The service operates 36 libraries throughout the country, while six _____ librari es specially serve the countryside.A. mobileB. driftingC. shiftingD. rotating17. You don't have to install this radio in your new car, it's an _____ extra.A. excessiveB. optionalC. additionalD. arbitrary18. Many novels that attempt to mirror the world are really _____ of the reality th at they represent.A. reflectionsB. demonstrationsC. illuminationsD. reproductions19. Under the guidance of their teacher, the pupils are building a model boat ____ _ by steam.A. towedB. pressedC. tossedD. propelled20. Students with _____ problems may apply for student loans.A. economicB. financialC. maleD. economical16-20A B AD B21. Their profits have grown rapidly in recent years，and this ______ tendency is e xpected to continue.A. downwardB. upwardC. backwardD. forward22. The basic causes are unknown, although certain conditions that may lead to ca ncer have been _____.A. identifiedB. guaranteedC. notifiedD. conveyed23. Research universities have to keep up with the latest computer and scientific ha rdware _____ price.A. on account ofB. regardless ofC. in addition toD. not to mentio n24. In order to make things convenient for the people, the department is planning to set up some _____ shops in the residential area.A. flowingB. driftingC. mobileD. unstable25. "Grain production in the world is _____, but still millions go hungry."1.staggering B. shrinking C. soaring D .suspending21-25B A BC C26. Having given up the surgical treatment, he is currently on _________ for his h eart.A. medicalB. medicationC. medicineD. mediate27. The military on both sides are involved in ________ battle.A. intensiveB. intendedC. intenseD. exte nsive28. Your _________ is your good opinion of yourself or your respect for yourself.A. self-conceitB. self-confidentC. self-assuredD. self-esteem29. Last Sunday evening we went to the school playground to _________the school football team.A. root fromB. root upC. root forD. root out30. She ______ herself with the compaign against drug abuse.A. identifiedB. recognizedC. abandonedD. concluded26-30B CD C A31. Your statement is in _________ with the rest of evidence.A. confrontationB. conflictC. clashD. contradict32. The lost explorers ate birds' eggs to ________ starvation.A. hustleB. avoidC. preventD. stave off33. Later, some of his findings __________ much popular interest in his book.A. roseB. arousedC. aroseD. raised34. It is a __________ instinct to flee a place of danger.A. primitiveB. primaryC. preliminaryD. prime35. Do you believe that there's a __________ between smoking and heart disease.A. relationshipB. bondC. concernD. conn ection31-35 BDBAD36. Eye witnesses __________ the gunman as an army sergeant.A. pointed outB. testifiedC. identifiedD. accused37. The father in the film is ___________ as a fairly unpleasant character.A. describedB. drawnC. picturedD. portrayed38. We should ________ ourselves assiduously and faithfully to the duties of our pr ofession.A. donateB. contributeC. devoteD. end ow39. His addiction to drugs _________ him towards a life of crime.A. expelledB. repelledC. propelledD. rebelled40. He was so absorbed in the research that he had no time left for _________ ac tivities.A. amusedB. entertainC. funnyD. recreational 36-40 C D C C D41. Don’t worry about my illness; what I need is ___ a day’s rest.A) anything but B) but for C) rather than D) nothing but42. The newspapers are full of such ___ news nowadays as crime, natural disasters, and rising prices.A)depressed B) depressing C) impressed D) repressed43. The news evidence ______ my argument that they took advantage of the chan ce.A) set up B) backed up C)drew up D) picked up44. The jury _______, from the evidence, that she was guilty.A) included B) propelled C) concluded D) depressed45. _____ the condition of the engine, it is a wonder that it even starts.A) Given B) Giving C）Regarded D）Consider41-45D B B C A46. The issue has caused great tension between the two countries and could lead t o a military ________.A) alienation B) prowess C) connection D) confrontation47. We don’t think your proposal quite _______, s o you should give it up.A) in faith B) in a way C) in place D) at large48. For 12 years, we’ve sought to ______ this ultimate threat of disaster.A）starve off B) root for C) back up D）rely on49. You can’t accept ______ drug use a nd expect to control the drug problem.A) contemporary B) fundamental C) recreational D) reactionary50. Which sport has the most expenses ________ training equipment, players’ equip ment and uniform.A) along with B) in terms of C) in quest to D) in the name of46-50 D C A C B。
Part I: Vocabulary and StructureSection A: Complete the sentences using the correct words in the box.1.Our office building luckily had a(n) auxi l i ar ypower supply to use when the electricitywent out.Your answer Correct answerauxiliary auxiliary2.There's not much of a(n) or i ent at i onfor the year's best movie, but there are a few goodones.Your answer Correct answerorientation selection3.Unfortunately, she's had a(n) degener at i oand her cancer has reappeared.Your answer Correct answerdegeneration relapse4. Soldiers in the military quickly learn that their superior officers are often not veryt ol er antof differing opinions.Your answer Correct answertolerant tolerant5.During wartime, there's usually a surge in nat i onal i smas people rally together tosupport a common cause.Your answer Correct answernationalism nationalism6.I've never had a friend quite so l oyalas my dog Rex.Your answer Correct answer loyal loyal7.Mr. Sanford, I love your daughter and I'd like to ask for your permission to pr oposetoher.Your answer Correct answerpropose propose8.We hired a company to come in and er adi cat ethe mice from our basement.Your answer Correct answer eradicate eradicate9.The teacher slowly lost control of her students and let the class r el apseinto achaos of voices.Your answer Correct answerrelapse degenerate 10. If you see anything suspicious, please report it immediately to one of theuni f or m edpolice officers.Your answer Correct answeruniformed uniformed11.I tend to live by the m ot t o"Work hard, play hard."Your answer Correct answer motto motto12.The law states that people younger than 21 cannot drink beer, wine, or l i quor.Your answer Correct answerliquor liquor13. sel ect i onof public opinion, increasing anddecreasing in popularity every day.Your answer Correct answerselection tyranny14.Last Saturday, we stood in line for an hour to get a cone from the ice cream vendor.Your answer Correct answer vendor vendor15.College students usually begin their first year with t yr annyactivities so they arefamiliar with their new environment.Your answer Correct answertyranny orientation16. H i st or i ansusually disagree about who they think the greatest world leader of all time is.Your answer Correct answerHistorians Historians17.If you'd like to di sput ethe charges, please call the phone number for complaints. Your answer Correct answerdispute dispute18.The r enownedphysicist earned even more recognition when he won the Nobel Prize.Your answer Correct answerrenowned renowned19.Do you have anyi nsi ghtinto why your employees are behaving so poorly? Your answer Correct answerinsight insight20. After ten long years of holding a grudge against him, I think it's finally time to makeam ends.amends amends Section B: Fill in each of the blanks with a suitable word.21.Why did you interview for that job i nthe first place?Your answer Correct answer in in22.Oh my goodness, these photos date backto my college days.Your answer Correct answer back back23.After our dog destroyed the living room couch, we packed him upto obedienceschool.Your answer Correct answerup off24.As soon as five o'clock rolled around, Maria took of fand went home.Your answer Correct answer off off25.The book can be summed upin one word: boring.Your answer Correct answer up up26.Can you get me outof this assignment?Your answer Correct answer out out27.The researchers were onthe brink of a major discovery.on on28.My ankle is still sore, so I'm afraid I'm going to have to sit outthis game.Your answer Correct answer out out29.The spare bedroom doubles asmy home office.Your answer Correct answer as as30.The presidents talked about, am ongother things, the peace treaty between theircountries.Your answer Correct answeramong amongPart II: Banked ClozeQuestions 31 to 40 are based on the following passage.It is truly (31)shabbythat people nowadays don't know nearly enough aboutancient civilizations. In the Western world, the cultures of ancient Greece and Rome gave rise to thepopular idea of (32)dem ocr acythat is central to many modern governments.Democratic governments sometimes are derided as a(n) (33)f al l acyin today'sworld—many people don't feel as if they truly have a meaningful voice. However, there were cities (particularly in Greece) where the democratic ideal was born and every citizen truly had a powerful voice.Remarkably, we know this is the case because many documents have survived. Historians canverify their (34)m i ghtby dating the paper, so we can (35)unhesi t at i ngl ydeclare that they are legitimate. Linguists are able to (36)deci pherthe ancientlanguages used in the documents, and we are therefore able to benefit from the wisdom inscribed onthose pages. In addition, researchers can use (37)ar chaeol ogyto uncover the physicalremains of ancient villages. We have discovered that homes were a uniform size and most people lived as relative equals.I find it truly (38)l am ent abl eto hear people say that there's nothing we can learnfrom history. Even if only a small (39)f r agm entof the wisdom of ancient Greecesurvived until today, we would be better off. Indeed, it is an amazing thing to realize that our(40)dest i nyas a people, our future, depends on our knowledge and understandingof our past.Your answer Correct answer(31) shabby lamentable(32) democracy democracy(33) fallacy fallacy(34) might authenticity(35) unhesitatingly unhesitatingly(36) decipher decipher(37) archaeology archaeology(38) lamentable offensive(39) fragment fragment(40) destiny destinyPart III: Reading ComprehensionQuestions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage.Museums, as places of cultural significance, find their roots in the classical world. Ancient Greece and Rome constructed and valued "museums," though they were largely centers of philosophical thought, rather than repositories of valuable objects. Nevertheless, the ancient world still had public collections of objects which resembled the modern concept of a museum. Greek temples and Roman forums often displayed gold and silver offerings, sculptures, and paintings.During the 15th century, the modern concept of museums came into fashion in Europe. During the following few centuries, museums such as the Ashmolean Museum, the Vatican museums, the British Museum, and the Louvre were founded and opened. The first modern museums began as private collections of wealthy individuals who amassed extensive collections and then exhibited them for public viewing. The modern museum has been described as "a product of Renaissance humanism,eighteenth-century enlightenment, and nineteenth-century democracy." These first museums were, however, rarely accessible to the public beyond the upper classes.Until the 18th century, museums were chiefly concerned with collecting the beautiful and the curious, and this was often done for personal interests. During the 19th and 20th centuries, however, museums and cultural institutions proliferated throughout Europe and the United States. It was during this intense period of proliferation that the concept of the museum as something more than just a storehouse for invaluable treasures was developed. Museums began to dedicate themselves to collection, conservation, preservation, and research. Natural history, science, and art museums became scholarly centers of academic research and thought. Once museums and other cultural institutions became public, exhibition became a much more predominant concern. Preexisting museum goals (e.g., collection, conservation, and preservation) suddenly became the means to procure interesting and desirable exhibitions.Museums in the United States developed slowly. Charles Wilson Peale founded his natural history museum in the late 18th century in Philadelphia, and he is considered the first great American museum director. In 1846, James Smithson made a bequest to the United States "for the increase and diffusion ofknowledge" which led to the development of the Smithsonian Institution. The United States finally made its mark on the development of the modern museum in 1870 with the founding of the American Museum of Natural History and the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York and the Museum of Fine Arts in Boston. Throughout the 20th century, museums and other cultural institutions began to focus on education. American museums, especially, are devoted to public education in their specific areas of expertise. Many such organizations have also transformed themselves into cultural centers with performing arts, music, and film presentations.41. Which of the following museums was the first to open?A. Metropolitan Museum of Art.B. Smithsonian Institution.C. British Museum.D. Peale's Natural History Museum.42. With which of the following statements would the author of this passage NOT agree?A. Museums in the classical world were very similar to museums in the 19th century.B. The modern museum developed over several hundred years.C. Modern museums have many priorities other than collecting.D. The earliest museums were only accessible to the wealthy.43. According to this passage, the modern concept of museums dates back to _____.A. the classical worldB. the 15th centuryC. the 18th centuryD. the 20th century44. This passage is best described as _____.A. a first-person memoirB. a dramatic dialogueC. a persuasive essayD. a historical survey45. Modern museums tend to focus on all of the following EXCEPT _____.A. conservationB. philosophical thoughtC. preservationD. educationts, music, and film presentations.。
课后练习答案：Unit ６I. Vocabulary1)appliances 2) comparative 3) multiply 4) distribution5)prosperity 6) decorate 7) famine 8) large quantities of/ a large quantity of 9) streamline 10) fax 11) pointed the way to 12) bewildered1) eat into 2) cling to3) stand out/ stood out 4) wears away5) set about 6) switch off7) will be turned loose 8) poured in１）is forecast to be below average next year, which at the moment is 4 percent.２）to enter the building and find the baby girl proved futile as rescuers were driven out by the heat and flames.３）was urged to divert some of its attention from expanding production and get more involved with issues of market demand.４）can really eat heavily into your profits when you are selling suits at ￡900 and dresses at ￡2,000.５）has toiled endlessly over the exercise machine for the last twenty years in order to keep her body in shape.reaction to; discontent; provokedConvention; evading tax; the confines ofa burden; are always on the go/ seem forever on the go; to copeII. Confusable Words1. 1) nervousness 2) tension 3) stress; stress 4) tension2. 1) honorary 2) Honorable 3) honorable 4) honorary 5) honorable 6) HonoraryIII. Usage１）Dealing with the extinction crisis is no simple matter. Is it sensible, we may ask, to spend large sums of money to save some species – be it an elephant or an orchid – in a nation in which a large proportion of the population is living below the poverty line?２）This new technology could be used anywhere large numbers of people need to be quickly screened --- at airports, train stations, bus terminals or border crossings. However, experts suspect, there is also the risk that people will learn to fool the machine the same way they try to fool polygraph readings by controlling their breath or taking drugs to relax themselves.３）With a high percentage of marriages ending in divorce, often due to financial difficulties, youwould say that money is a big factor in making a good marriage. But, believe it or not, it isn’t money that ensures you a happy marriage; it is your philosophy of life that does.４）Not all the risks on the Internet are sexual, you know. Sites promoting violence are just a click away, and may include instructions for making bombs and other destructive devices.Comprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze1) switch off 2) obliged 3) on the go 4) cope5) shortage 6) large quantity of 7) pouring in 8) by nature9) fraction 10) futile1) advantage 2) wisely 3)faithfully 4)waking5)includes 6) schedule 7) sticking 8)priorities9) set 10) respectII. Translation１）They are exploring the new frontiers of medical science in an attempt to find remedies for incurable diseases/ cures for diseases that are beyond remedy so far.２）Her unique teaching methods apart, Ms Wilson, my math teacher, never tried to cram knowledge into my head.３）The regular weather forecast by the Central TV Station keeps us up with the changes of weather wherever we go on a trip.４）The appalling explosion started a big fire and caused the partial collapse of the building.５）In the modern world, there are more ways than ever to waste away time, and all kinds of distractions are eating into our precious time.Today we are under constant pressure to work longer hours, to produce more, and to possess more. Lots of people hold the wrong perception that happiness lies in working hard and earning well/ good money.Many women today feel the same stress to work and get ahead and, at the same time, to nurture their offspring and shoulder the burden of domestic responsibilities.Research shows that workaholism tends to distance us from our immediate families. It forces us to toil longer and longer hours, leaving a minute fraction of our time to be physically and emotionally available to our loved ones. Intimacy among family members is doomed to die in the process.课文译文：生活节奏课文A随着当今世界生活节奏日益加快，我们似乎一直在不停奔忙。
全新版大学英语（第二版）综合教程4Unit1-Unit6课后练习答案I. 1. 1) alliance 2) at the cost of3) stroke 4) limp5) minus 6) regions7) declarations 8) siegeAppendix I - $99) raw 10) bide his time11) have taken their toll 12) in the case of2. 1) is faced with 2) get bogged down3) is pressing on / pressed on 4) drag on5) get by 6) dine out7) have cut back 8) get through3. 1) The rapid advance in gene therapy may lead to the conquest of cancer in the nearfuture.2) Production in many factories has been brought to a halt by the delayed arrival ofraw materials due to the dock workers’ strike.3) Sara has made up her mind that her leisure interests will/should never get in the way ofher career.4) Obviously the reporter's question caught the foreign minister off guard.5) The introduction of the electronic calculator has rendered the slide rule out of date /obso lete.4. 1) Being faced with an enemy forces much superior to ours, we had to give up the occupation of big cities and retreat to therural and mountainous regions to build upour bases.2) Unity is crucial to the efficient operation of an organization. Failure to reckon withthis problem will weaken its strength. In many cases, work may be brought to a halt bycon stant internal struggle in an organization.3) The Red Army fought a heroic battle at Stalingrad and won the decisive victory againstthe Germans. In fact, this battle turned the tide in the Second World War. During thisfamous battle, the Soviet troops withstood the German siege and weakened the Germanarmy by launching a series of counterattacks.II.More Synonyms in Context1) During the First World War, battles occurred here and there over vast areas. Some of the most dramatic fighting took place in the gloomy trenches of France and Belgium.2) Elizabeth made careful preparations for the interview and her efforts / homework paid off.3)1 spent hours trying to talk him into accepting the settlement, but he turned a deaf ear to all my words.4) Pneumonia had severely weakened her body, and I wondered how her fragile body could withstand the harsh weather.- 90 - Appendix IIII. Usage1) But often it is not until we fall ill that we finally learn to appreciate good health.2) A rich old lady lay dead at home for two weeks—andnobody knew anything about it.3) It's said he dropped dead from a heart attack when he was at work1) Don't sit too close to the fire to keep warm—you could easily get burned, especially if you4) In those days people believed in marrying young and having children early.5) Little T om was unable to sit still for longer than a few minutes.■Structure1. 1) To his great delight, Dr. Deng discovered two genes in wild rice that can increase the yield by 30 percent.2) To her great relief, her daughter had left the building before it collapsed.3) To our disappointment, our women's team lost out to the North Koreans.4) We think, much to our regret, that we will not be able to visit you during the comingChrist mas.2. 1) These birds nest in the vast swamps (which lie to the) east of the Nile.2) By 1948, the People's Liberation Army had gained control of the vast areas north of the Yangtze River.3) Michelle was born in a small village in the north of France, but came to live in the United States at the age of four. ■4) The Columbia River rises in western Canada and continues/runs through the United States for about 1,900 kilometers west of the Rocky Mountains.Comprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze(A)1. invasion3. Conquest5. launching7. campaign9. reckon with2. stand in the way4. catching... off his guard6. declaration8. drag on10. bringing...to a haltAppendix I - 91 -(B)1. allow2. reckoned3. highly4. forecasts5. rapidly6. instant7. delivery 8. advantage9. observing 10. PowerfulII. Translation1. Mr. Doherty and his family are currently engaged in getting the autumn harvest in on the farm.2. We must not underestimate the enemy. They are equipped with the most sophisticated weapons.3. Having been cut of a job/Not having had a job for 3months, Phil is getting increasingly desperate.4. Sam, as the project manager, is decisive, efficient, andaccurate in his judgment.5. Since the chemical plant was identified as the source of solution, the village neighborhoodcommittee decided to close it down at the cost of 100 jobs.The offensive had already lasted three days, but we had not gained much ground. Ourtroops engaging the enemy at the front were faced with strong/fierce/stiff resistance. Thedivi sion commander instructed our battalion to get around to the rear of the enemy andlaunch a surprise attack. T o do so, however, we had to cross a marshland and many of us were afraid we might get bogged down in the mud. Our battalion commander decided to take a gamble. We started under cover of darkness and pressed on in spite of great difficulties. By astroke of luck, the temperature at night suddenly dropped to minus 20 degrees Celsius and themarsh froze over. Thanks to the cold weather, we arrived at our destination before dawn andbegan attacking the enemy from the rear. This turned the tide of the battle. The enemy,caught off guard, soon surrendered.Part III TextBComprehension Check1. d3. b.-2. d4. a- 92 - Appendix ITranslation(#JE Appendix III)Language Practice1. boast2. obstacles3. was concerned4. call ...off5. paid off6. was pinned down7. are contesting 8. prior to9. holdout 10. objective11. responsible for 12. in case13. favorable 14. due to15. on the eve of 16. cancel17. complications 18. stiff19. withstand 20. absent■Part IV Theme-Related Language Learning TasksWriting StrategyTick which of the following is more convincing:_____________ It was reported that General Eisenhower, though indecisive sometimes, had nohesitation in ordering the assault on Normandy.______ √_____Eisenhower's chief of staff, Brigadier General Water Bedell Smith, later wrote:"... He sat there ... tense, weighing every consideration. Finally he looked up,and the tension was gone from his face. He said briskly, 'well, we'll go."ModelPaperCan Man Triumph over Nature?When people talk of man triumphing over nature, many things come to mind. One thinks ofsuccesses in medicine in the fight against disease, such as the invention of antibiotics and the promiseheld out by advances in biogenetic engineering. On a broader scale, one thinks of man's success in harnessing new forms of energy from steam power through oil to nuclear power.Yet, nature has often hit back in unexpected ways to these attempts to tame it. New forms of Appendix I -98 -disease that are resistant to antibiotics are constantly developing. Burning fossil fuels has led to fears of global warming; while nuclear power has produced dangerous waste that will remain a hazard for generations to come.However, perhaps to talk of man triumphing over nature is the wrong way to look at the matter. We need to find ways to work with nature rather than forever fighting against it.(154words)Unit Two Smart Cars★Text AVocabularyI.1.1) expansion 2) automated 3) vapor 4) take control of 5) hazards 6) satellite7) vibrated 8) magnetic 9) bunched 10) in the air 11) got/was stuck in12) approximately2.1) send out 2) stand up for 3) pass for 4) were closing in on5) starting up 6) went through 7) fill out 8) fall into3.1) … incorporates all the latest safety features2) …two trees ten feet apart3) … awarding lucrative contracts to his construction site4) … the prototype o f a new model before they set up a factory to make the cars.5) … are correl ated in all racial groups4.1) the application, remote, has turned into a reality, are poised to2) that vibrate, can detect, frequency3) lanes, are mounted in, alert a, hazardII. Word FormationClipped Words Blendskilo kilogram Medicare medical carememo memorandum email electronic mailgym gymnasium comsat communications satellitelib liberation newscast news broadcastdoc doctor skyjack sky hijackvet veterinarian Eurodollar European dollarprep preparatory brunch breakfast and lunchauto automobile telecast television broadcastflu influenza Oxbridge Oxford and CambridgeIII.1. swimming pool2. drawing board3. enriched Middle English4. disturbing change5. fully developed prototype6.Canned foods7. working population 8. puzzling differencesComprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze1.1) computerized 2) start up 3) be poised to 4) alert 5)hazards 6) monotonous 7) take control of 8) steer 9) lane 10) decrease 11) calculate 12) eliminate 13) getting stuck in 14) mounted 15) detect 16) vapor2.1) generates 2) related 3) revolutionized 4) enabled 5) opportunities6) overall 7) manufacturing 8) dependent 9) interact 10) fatalitiesII. Translation1.1) There was an unusual quietness in the air,except for the sound of artillery in the distance.2) The expansion of urban areas in some African countries has been causing a significant fall in living standards and an increase in social problem.3) The research shows that atmospheric carbon dioxide levels are closely correlated with global temperatures.4) The frequency of the bus service has been improved from 15 to 12 minutes recently5) The diver stood on the edge of the diving board, poised to jump at the signal from the coach.2.Automobiles have, since their invention, revolutionizedtransportation, changing forever the way people live, travel, and do business. On the other hand, they have brought hazards, especially highway fatalities. However, today the application of computer technology and electronic sensors in designing and manufacturing cars makes it possible to eliminate most of traffic accidents. For example, electronic sensors mounted in your car can detect alcohol vapor in the air and refuse to start up the engine. They can also monitor road conditions by receiving radio signals sent out from orbiting satellites and greatly reduce your chances of getting stuck in traffic jams.★Text BComprehension Check: 1. a 2.c 3.c 4. d 5. b 6. bLanguage practice1．1）c 2）a 3）e 4）b 5）f 6）g 7）d 8）h2．1）en route 2) matures 3) equivalent 4) feasible 5) in cooperation with 6) exposure7) At the start of 8) thereby 9) implemented 10) realistic 11) component 12) by meansofUnit Two Smart Cars★Text AVocabularyI.1.1) expansion 2) automated 3) vapor 4) take control of 5) hazards 6) satellite7) vibrated 8) magnetic 9) bunched 10) in the air 11) got/was stuck in12) approximately2.1) send out 2) stand up for 3) pass for 4) were closing in on5) starting up 6) went through 7) fill out 8) fall into3.1) … incorporates all the latest safety features2) …two trees te n feet apart3) … awarding lucrative contracts to his construction site4) … the prototype of a new model before they set up a factory to make the cars.5) … are correlated in all racial groups4.1) the application, remote, has turned into a reality, are poised to2) that vibrate, can detect, frequency3) lanes, are mounted in, alert a, hazardII. Word FormationClipped Words Blendskilo kilogram Medicare medical carememo memorandum email electronic mailgym gymnasium comsat communications satellitelib liberation newscast news broadcastdoc doctor skyjack sky hijackvet veterinarian Eurodollar European dollarprep preparatory brunch breakfast and lunchauto automobile telecast television broadcastflu influenza Oxbridge Oxford and CambridgeIII.1. swimming pool2. drawing board3. enriched Middle English4. disturbing change5. fully developed prototype6.Canned foods7. working population 8. puzzling differencesComprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze1.1) computerized 2) start up 3) be poised to 4) alert 5)hazards 6) monotonous 7) take control of 8) steer 9) lane 10) decrease 11) calculate 12) eliminate 13) getting stuck in 14) mounted 15) detect 16) vapor2.1) generates 2) related 3) revolutionized 4) enabled 5) opportunities6) overall 7) manufacturing 8) dependent 9) interact 10) fatalitiesII. Translation1.1) There was an unusual quietness in the air,except for the sound of artillery in the distance.2) The expansion of urban areas in some African countries has been causing a significant fall in living standards and an increase in social problem.3) The research shows that atmospheric carbon dioxide levels are closely correlated with global temperatures.4) The frequency of the bus service has been improved from 15 to 12 minutes recently5) The diver stood on the edge of the diving board, poised to jump at the signal from the coach.2.Automobiles have, since their invention, revolutionizedtransportation, changing forever the way people live, travel, and do business. On the other hand, they have brought hazards, especially highway fatalities. However, today the application of computer technology and electronic sensors in designing and manufacturing cars makes it possible to eliminate most of traffic accidents. For example, electronic sensors mounted in your car can detect alcohol vapor in the air and refuse to start up the engine. They can also monitor road conditions by receiving radio signals sent out from orbiting satellites and greatly reduce your chances of getting stuck in traffic jams.★Text BComprehension Check: 1. a 2.c 3.c 4. d 5. b 6. bLanguage practice1．1）c 2）a 3）e 4）b 5）f 6）g 7）d 8）h2．1）en route 2) matures 3) equivalent 4) feasible 5) in cooperation with 6) exposure7) At the start of 8) thereby 9) implemented 10) realistic 11) component 12) by meansofUnit 3Part IListening TaskScript for the recording:As you battle the competitive job market, your résumé is going to be the key weapon you use to get hired. For better or for worse, this is your calling card to the recruiting directors of the business world.There is one key piece of advice that seems to get lost on most people, one of the most important things you can do when applying for a job. And it is this: Target your résumé.People, we work in advertising. What do you think yourrésumé is? It’s just an ad for you. Just like a good ad targets its consumer, a good résumé hits the target right between the eyes and says, ―You have to hire me.‖ In this case, the consum er is the recruiting director at the company where you’d like to work. Neve r forget that. Here’s what I mean: Recruiting directors are a practical lot. They want to find the ―easiest‖ possible person to hire. That is, someone who fits their job description perfectly.If the job description says they are looking for an account director with, at least, 5 years of experience and a background in package goods, that’s exactly who they want to hire. Now, that doesn’t mean they won’t consider anyone else, but where do you think they are going to start?If you have more than five or so years of experience, you can start your résumé with a summary. A summary captures about four or five bullet points that show why you’re a perfect match for the job. In our example above, that first bullet point would say something like:Account director with more than 5 years of experience leading diverse agency teams as large as 18 on package-goods accounts including Unilever and Hershey.When they pick up that résumé, you want t hem to nod and think, ―This person is perfect for the job.‖After Listening1. calling card2. target one’s résumé3. job description4. summaryPart II Reading TaskComprehensionPossible answers to content questions:1.He runs a manufacturing company.2.Almost all of them were no.3.This applicant was ill prepared for the job he was applying for and therefore ill qualified.4.Prepare to win.5.They now have to switch jobs frequently.6.A 90-year-old tennis player who wanted to work on his weakness --backhand court.7.Believing in yourself, even when no one else does.138.Because he will mention a cab driver who is different.9.His efforts to make a difference.10.He was offered a ride on a day when Minnesota was hit with one of the worst snowstorms in years and the international airport there was closed for the first time in decades.11.Because there were no tracks left in the snow, which means he was the first person to take off from there.12.Carlson was excited about being first, which is exactly what the writer recommends to job applicants. Text Organization1.PartsParagraphsMain IdeasPart OneParas 1-6An ill-prepared college graduate failed his interview.Part TwoParas 7-27Four pieces of advice on being a successful interviewee.Part ThreeParas 28-31Make your own tracks in whateveryou do.2.SuggestionsExamples1) Prepare to win.1) Michael Jordan2) Never stop learning.2) a 90-year-old tennis player3) Believe in yourself,3) the four-minute mile, the New York Marathon and theeven when no one else does.Vietnam veteran.4) Find a way to make a difference.4) a New York cabdriver.Language Sense Enhancement1.(1) checked with(2) interview(3) grill(4) clippings(5) be right for(6) follow up(7) indicating （8）hand-delivered(9) prepared(10) prospectiveLanguage FocusI.1.1) rude2) physically3) structure4) made a difference5) blurted (out)6) chuckling7) measurable8) prospective9) preparations10) sparkled11) took a crack at12) partner2.1) go after2) look back at/on143) be put up 4) stood for5) build in6) follow up7) behooked up to8) closed up3.1) grilled her about where she hadbeen all night2) beyond Cinderella’s wildest dreams that she could one day dance in the King’s palace3) will be in readers’hands soon4) do your homework before going on an interview.5) was in the neighborhood of 150 dollars.4.1）applicants, veteran,the prospective2）From his standpoint,has made every endeavorto go after3) as the saying goes, tohave a crack at,barelyII. Words with Multiple Meanings1. behave2. used to avoid repetition3. clean4. get along5. perform/complete6. perform/complete7. study8. be enough9. be acceptableIII. Usage1. There is so much to say and it is hard to know where to begin.OK,I’ll talk about myself first.2. Thank you very much, John, for yourbeautiful Christmas card.By the way, I have something here for you.3. The new computer language can be quite easily understood by anyone who can read the daily newspaper. Now, why is this an advantage?4. I’m going to work out the outline and will let you know how it goes. By the way, I will see you in February, asI plan to attend your seminar in Shanghai.5. OK, you got the job. Now,how to maximize your profits with as little effort as possible?6. Chris isback from Australia. Incidentally,those pictures you sent me are wonderful.Comprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze1.(1) prospective(2)As I see it(3) done your homework (4) beforehand(5) endeavor(6) structure(7) partners(8) Respond(9) take a crack(10) from the standpoint(11) make a difference(12) follow up2.(1) encouraging(2) inquiry(3) relevant (4) samples15(5) references (6) advice(7) preparing (8) seriously(9) probably (10) exhibitII. Translation1.1) Despite the inadequate length of the airstrip in this emergency landing, the veteran pilot managed to stop the plane after taxiing for only a short while.2) Grilled by the reporters, the movie star eventually blurted (out)that she had undergone two plastic surgeries.3) We have the technology and our partner has the capital. Working together, we’ll have the future in our hands.4) If I had known beforehand that you would bring so many friends home,I would have madebetter preparations.You see, I have barely enough food and drinks for a snack.5) People gave generously upon learning that new school rooms with stronger structures were to be built in the earthquake-stricken area.2.Well begun, half done, as the saying goes. It is extremely important for a job applicant to do his homework while seeking employment. From my standpoint, whether or not one has done his homeworkclearly makes a difference in his chance of success.I have a friend who is earning somewhere in the neighborhood of 100,000 dollars a years in a large computer software company. He told me that from his own experience the decision makers who interview prospective employees like people who are well prepared. Those who make no endeavor to learn as much about his prospective employer as possible don’t have much of a chanceof success.Part III Home Reading TaskComprehension Check1.b2.c3.a4.a5.a6.bTranslation1.父母亲都觉得我不会被录用。
Book 4 Unit 6 The Pace of Life1) To stimulate consumption, farmers now can buy household appliances with government subsidy.译文：为了刺激消费，农民可以通过政府补贴来购买家用电器。
2）Conventional medicine has concentrated mainly on the treatment of chronic and acute illness, and until recent years the role of preventive(预防性的) medicine has suffered comparative neglect.译文：传统医学一直主要致力于慢性病和急性病的治疗，而且预防医学的作用还一直相对地遭到冷遇，直到近几年这个情况才有所缓解。
3）Cost apart, you should remember that however fancy a fridge is ,it doesn’t kill bacteria (细菌); it only shows down the rate at which they multiply.译文：除去（购买的）费用，你应该记住，不管电冰箱有多别致，它也不能够杀灭死细菌，它只能降低细菌的繁殖速度。
4）The economic planners are seeking to achieve a fairer distribution of wealth throughout society, but it’s easier said than done, I think.译文：经济规划师正设法在全社会实现更为公平的财富分配，但我认为这说起来容易做起来难。
注释：seek to do…意为“设法做…”，相当于try to do…；distribution 意为“分配”5）The town has been producing wool, cloth, and blankets since the 13th century and much of its prosperity today is still founded on those industries.译文：自13 世纪以来，这个城镇一直生产羊毛、布匹和地毯，它今天的许多繁荣兴旺仍然建立在那些工业的基础上。
A FRENCH FOURTHCharles Trueheart1Along about this time every year, as Independence Day approaches, I pull an old American flag out of a bottom drawer where it is folded away －folded in a square, I admit, not the regulation triangle. I’ve had it a lo ng time and have always flown it outside on July 4. Here in Paris it hangs from a fourth-floor balcony visible from the street. I’ve never seen anyone look up, but in my mind’s eye an American tourist may notice it and smile, and a French passerby may be reminded of the date and the occasion that prompt its appearance. I hope so.◆ fold: 1) ~ sth (up)/~ sth (back, down, over, etc.) to bend sth, especially paper or cloth, so thatone part lies on top of another part 折叠，对折（纸，织物等）e.g. He folded the map up and put it in his pocket.他把地图折叠起来，放进了口袋。
First, fold the paper in half/in two. 首先，把纸对折起来。
UNIT 6Ⅰ、短对话Directions:In this section, you'll hear some short conversations. At the end of each conversation, one question will be asked. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C, and D.1、A. Science fiction movies.B. Horror movies.C. Adventures.D. Romances.2、 A. She should stop admiring the lives of celebrities.B. She should learn from the lives of celebrities.C. She should have more confidence in life.D. She should develop a new hobby or skill.3、 A. Because his work experience met the course requirements.B. Because his tutor didn’t approve his choice.C. Because he found it hard to fulfill the course requirements.D. Because he needed more practical experience for the course.4、 A. Because she likes to read books at her own pace.B. Because she likes to add books to her own library.C. Because she doesn’t like reading in the library.D. Because she likes to collect rather than read books.5、 A. There is no agreement on the amount of violence.B. Police dramas have a positive influence on children.C. Parents complain there is too much violence on TV.D. Parents want their children to view heroes as role models.6、 A. The late fee.B. The rental rate.C. The purchase price.D. The Internet charge.7、 A. Much relieved.B. Rather guilty.C. Greatly troubled.D. Somewhat better.8、 A. He will sell his house to make a living.B. He can no longer bear his marriage.C. He wants to remember his previous marriage.D. He wants to forget his life with his ex-wife.Ⅱ、长对话Directions:In this section, you'll hear some long conversations. At the end of each conversation, some questions will be asked. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C, and D.9、A. Play video games.B. See an action movie.C. Watch a new comedy.D. See the new theater.10、A. They give him a lot of fun.B. They help him solve problems.C. They are healthier than action movies.D. They are less violent than action movies.11、A. It presents no risk to his health.B. It is harmful to their relationship.C. It stops him from having fun.D. It takes his time away from other things.12、A. It has a great location.B. It sells delicious popcorn.C. It shows lots of great movies.D. It has a special sound system.13、A. His daughter cared too little about making money.B. His daughter used his credit card for an emergency.C. His daughter spent too much with his credit card.D. His daughter knew little about what she really needed.14、A. Spent $400 dealing with an emergency.B. Posted new fashion colors and styles on her blog.C. Read some blogs to learn about new fashions.D. Looked for information on the new spring colors.15、A. It keeps her updated about her blog readers.B. It helps her learn about new fashion trends.C. It gives her a chance to travel around the world.D. It satisfies her fans to keep up with the new trends.16、A. Learn to manage her money with a budget.B. Create a blog for her father on a new website.C. Take courses that can teach her how to budget.D. Go to the movies or out for coffee with friends.Ⅲ、长文章Directions:In this section, you’ll hear some passages. At the end of each passage, you'll hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C, and D.17、A. Those who went to fight in World War II.B. Those who came of age in the 1970s.C. Those who grew up at the end of the 20th century.D. Those who invested in the stock market in the 1950s.18、A. Reading others’ blogs and texts.B. Sharing their creative works online.C. Learning from new creative websites.D. Searching for new hand-held devices.19、A. Because they have made great contribution to the electronic age.B. Because they are average people who like to do everything by themselves.C. Because they demand the same rights of being heard as famous authors and artists.D. Because they are passionate followers of established authors, musicians and filmmakers.20、A. Use of hand-held devices for blogging and texting.B. Help of experts who are ready to share their skills.C. New media which are readily accessible online.D. Program packages which are easy to get and use.Ⅳ、介副词填空Directions:Fill in the blanks in the following sentences with appropriate prepositions or adverbs. Fill in each blank with only ONE word.He was determined to emancipate his people 21、the control of the colonizers and establish an independent country.The heel of his right shoe always wears 22、 more severely than the left one as he prefers to use the right leg more often.His job was to weld certain parts 23、 automobiles, which required him to keep standing on the assembly line for hours.The young man decided to live 24、 the grid and lead a simple life as an effort to advocate environmental protection.The residents of the city protested to the mayor, urging him to permit the voters to have a say 25、 important matters in city construction.Aiming at winning the support of the suburban middle-class voters, the candidates for the local committee started to cater 26、 their needs.When the drama teacher found out that her district was planning to lay 27、art teachers and kill training programs for amateur performers, she stepped up to save them.History has proved that the ruler who was dependent only upon his power without finding “the way to the people” was destined 28、failure.With an intensive training of five months, this course aims to develop the reading skills to extract information 29、 texts.The research center predicted that the worldwide airline industry would only scrape 30、really thin profit margins this year due to high fuel prices. Ⅴ、词汇与结构Directions:For each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one to complete each sentence.31、Living off the ________ might sound fashionable, but in fact it requires great ability of managing one’s life under unpredictable conditions.A. gripB. gridC. grindD. grab32、Computers are smart enough to play chess or ________ speech, but a general theory of machine intelligence still remains beyond our reach.A. ascribeB. prescribeC. describeD. transcribe33、When he used the Internet for the first time, he felt he entered a completely ________ and exciting world he’d never visited before by just clicking the mouse.A. apartB. alertC. awareD. alien34、I will do nothing but ________ you all not to take thought for your own properties,but to care about the greatest improvement of the soul.A. persuadeB. persuadingC. to persuadeD. persuaded35、In the joint session of the US Congress, the ________ took a different stand from the Democrats as they strongly supported building at least a limited national defense.A. republicB. academiciansC. academicD. Republicans36、The old entrepreneur didn’t ________ any of his employees during that serious recession, which won him high respect in local communities.A. lay onB. lay outC. lay offD. lay away37、The boys brought with them drums and guitars, and determined to make a ________ at the school party that day.A. rocketB. rockC. racketD. crack38、Kate’s $370-per-week unemployment payments started coming in, and we saw that we could just ________ on them if we squeezed out every penny.A. stand outB. scrape byC. catch upD. pass by39、Of course, not all gifted children are ________ to be a scientist in the future, but this does not mean that the spirit of science is of no use to them.A. definedB. remindedC. refinedD. destined40、Blinking helps ________ the surface of the eye with tears, washing away dust and other irritants and keeping the sight clear.A. indicateB. fabricateC. illuminateD. lubricateⅥ、阅读理解Directions:Read the following passages carefully. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished sentences. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best answer to each question.Few ideas from social science have dug their way into the public imagination like Dunbar’s Number, the famous finding that we humans can’t cope with a social circle much larger than 150 people. The average size of modern hunter-gatherer communities, it’s been calculated, is 148.8. The average size of army companies through history, from the Romans to the USSR, hovers around 150. And the average number of people to whom Britons send Christmas cards, according to a 2003 study, is 153.5. No wonder so many panic-merchants worry that online social networks will destroy society. To accumulate 1,000 Facebook friends, Dunbar’s Number suggests, is to violate a law as old as humanity itself.In fact, the panic-merchants are wrong: Social networks don’t replace offline friendships. Nonetheless, Dunbar’s work does suggest something troubling about modern friendship. For centuries – and especially since the Industrial Revolution – we’ve been uprooting ourselves from the communities in which we were born. Until recently, on arriving in a new place, you’d inevitably lose your ties with the one you’d left; you’d be forced to invest fully in a new social circle. These days, however, thanks to email and Skype, you need never cut those ties. You never leave your old life behind, so your emotional investments are scattered.One consequence is that the people in your circle of 150 are far less likely to know each other. Or, as Dunbar writes, “Our social networks are no longer as densely interconnected as they once were.” Anyone who’s ever fled small-town life mightrespond: Thank God for that. After all, there won’t be people who are always snooping (窥探) on your business.Yet it turns out that when close friends know each other, good things happen. For example, Dunbar’s research shows that people are more altruistic (利他的) toward each other in dense social networks. Why are densely linked friends better friends? In a dense network, an act of friendship is two things at once: an expression of an individual bond, and another stitch in a bigger social fabric.Now you have a good reason to introduce your friends to each other. True, they’ll probably gossip about you at some point, but then that strengthens the social fabric, too.41、According to the passage, Dunbar’s Number is ____________.A. a method to calculate the average size of modern human communitiesB. a public opinion on the potential influence of online social networksC. a theory that states the limit of the size of one’s social circleD. a scientific concept that once influenced human society in history42、The word “panic-merchants” (Para. 1) refers to people ____________.A. who have an intense fear of meeting others through online social networksB. who worry about the big size of social circles created by online networkingC. who are afraid of the lack of privacy on social networking websitesD. who disbelieve the power of densely connected social networks43、Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A. Social networks are more scattered today than before the Industrial Revolution.B. Social networks are smaller today because people spend more time online.C. Social networks become denser today due to the extensive use of the Internet.D. Social networks bear stronger emotional bonds today than centuries ago.44、According to the author, one bad thing about a dense social network is that ____________.A. one’s business is hard to developB. one’s privacy can be easily invadedC. one has few chances to meet new friendsD. one has to cut ties with friends in distant places45、What is the author’s overall attitude toward dense social networks?A. Indifferent.B. Unclear.C. Negative.D. Positive.The term “off the grid” refers to living in a self-sufficient manner without reliance on one or more public utilities. On 13 April 2006, USA Today reported that there were some 180,000 families living off-grid in America, a figure that has jumped 33 percent a year for a decade. Because many third-world citizens have never had the chance to go on the grid, current estimates are that 1.7 billion people live off-grid worldwide.Off-the-grid homes do not rely on municipal water supply, natural gas, electrical power grid or similar utility services. A true “off the grid” house is able to operate independently of all traditional public services. Electrical power can be generated on-site with renewable sources such as solar, wind or geothermal (地热的) energy; with a generator and adequate fuel reserves; or simply done without. Such electricity system is called a stand-alone power system. On-site water sources can include a well, stream, or lake. Depending on the water source, this may include pumps and / or filtration. Rainwater can also be harvested.In his book How to Live Off-grid, Nick Rosen lists seven reasons for going off-grid. The top two are saving money, and reducing the carbon footprint. Another is survivalism, which means preparing for emergencies such as disruptions in social or political order. Others include preparing for the collapse of the oil economy and bringing life back to the countryside.Going off-grid can be done to lower the environmental impact of living, as the typically limited amount of on-site renewable energy available is an incentive to reduce its use. But if energy usage is not reduced, going off-grid actually has a larger environmental impact against using the grid, due to the lower efficiencies of the components. It is often done to residential buildings only occasionally occupied, such as vacation cabins, to avoid high initial costs of traditional utility connections. Other persons choose to live in houses where the cost of outside utilities is prohibitive, or of such a distance away as to be impractical.46、What does the passage say about people living in third-world countries?A. About 1.7 billion of them are currently living off-grid.B. Many of them have no access to modern public utilities.C. Their homes are getting more dependent on public utilities.D. The number of them living off-grid is increasing by 33 percent a year.47、A house that is truly off the grid is able to operate ____________.A. without using any on-site renewable energyB. without using any water filtration equipmentC. without relying on traditional public utilitiesD. without relying on independent power supply48、Which of the following is NOT a reason for going off-grid given by Nick Rosen?A. Expanding public services.B. Reviving the countryside.C. Reducing carbon emission.D. Preparing for political instability.49、According to the passage, what may be a negative effect of living off-grid?A. It may discourage people from paying for traditional utility connections.B. It may limit the amount of on-site renewable energy available for the house.C. It may increase the cost of residential buildings only occasionally occupied.D. It may do harm to the environment due to lower efficiencies of energy usage.50、What is the author’s attitude toward “off the grid” life?A. Positive.B. Neutral.C. Negative.D. Indifferent.This is what I have noticed in sports club: In every class at my club, every single attendee is female. They are old, they are young; some are fit, and some are not. But, save for one of the instructors, they are all women. Conversely, just about every man in the club (including me) works out by himself, usually on the machines or free weights.This is not something accidental. As it relates to the sexes, there must be some insights into human behavior. But what? Could it be that women feel more comfortable in groups than men? If so, why? And in what way do men feel more comfortable? Why do we prefer exercising alone?Digging deeper, I wonder if these distinctive behaviors are markers for both genders. Men have always identified with the lone wolf. Look at the heroes in the movies. We have the Marlboro Man, even the Terminator. Men find something timeless and appealing to the lonely heroes, always. Clint Eastwood and Rambo acted alone. The darker the persona (角色) the more men relate. They become heroes when they save others and solve serious problems – all by themselves. Necessarily, then, this would have women identifying with groups, like The Real Housewives of …However, men also play on teams. We can relate to a band of brothers and fight on battlefields together. So, why is it that women almost universally work out in groups and men don’t?I believe it has more to do with each gender’s willingness to ask for help. In other words, the same psychology that makes so many men reluctant to ask for directions is also what keeps them out of those gym classes. Ironically, it is a defect of character, but the role of problem solver is too deep-rooted in their masculinity for them to behave otherwise. Subconsciously considering themselves capable of solving problems individually, men would regard it feminine to ask for help from others, especially at the gym, where their physical manhood is on display. In general, women don’t have this problem. They take comfort in unity or are at least motivated by that unity.51、The author notices in the sports club that ___________.A. women like to go to the sports club, no matter how old they areB. in sports classes men are instructors while women are attendeesC. women like sports classes, while men prefer working aloneD. both sexes like working in groups though with different activities52、The author mentions some roles in movies for the purpose of ___________.A. proving that men identify with darker personaB. arguing that men dislike working out aloneC. illustrating famous actors’ performance skillsD. showing that men admire independent heroes53、What does the word “universally” (Para. 4) probably mean in the passage?A. Necessarily.B. Everywhere.C. Consciously.D. Never.54、According to the author, why are men reluctant to work in groups in sports club?A. Because they want to show their physical manhood.B. Because they like to seek for unity and help elsewhere.C. Because they prefer dealing with various machines.D. Because they are reluctant to communicate with others.55、What is the author’s main point in the passage?A. Working in a team is always a good chance to show physical strength.B. Women are considered the weaker gender as they always need others’ help.C. Men like to work alone because independence facilitates problem solving.D. The pursuit of masculinity accounts for some distinctive behaviors of men.The road signs have been changed – no longer “Men at Work” but “People Working.” Forty-four percent of all employed Americans are women, and the percentage continues to rise. Are the gains being made by women in the workplace coming at the expense of men?The answer is clear. Unless total employment in the nation expands more rapidly than it has, men are going to continue to lose out in the job race to women. But the process by which the change is taking place is complex, and the explanation goes beyond the political and legal pressures that are part of “women’s pursuit for equal rights.”There have been changes in the character of work that have motivated hiring of women. In the insurance industry, for example, the positions of adjusters (理算师) and examiners were once largely held by men, who went out and inspected cases reported. Today, the work consists mainly of sitting at a computer terminal, entering insurance claims. Women now hold 65 percent of these jobs, up from 27 percent in 1970. That happened in the meat-packing industry, too, where automatic machines for moving sides of beef have eased the need for so much lifting. Since 1970, the proportion of packing house butchers who are women has increased by more than one-third.The proportion of women among graduate students has also been increasing dramatically, providing stiff competition for young men who, a generation earlier, might have been all but certain of executive or professional careers.Of course, discrimination against women continues. Yet the trend toward the displacement of male workers goes on. According to the United States Labor Department, two-thirds of the growth in the labor force between now and 2015 will be accounted for by women.In a nation that prides itself on a commitment to equality of opportunity, women’s progress in the workplace can only be seen as inevitable and fair. That should not, however, blind us to the major impact this change will have, not only in terms of jobs but in terms of the society as a whole, unsettling the balance of relationships in the family and raising new problems concerning male self-esteem.56、It is suggested in the passage that ___________.A. the total employment in the US is expanding more rapidly than it hasB. men may lose their advantages in the US job market in the futureC. women are becoming more conscious of their rights in the workplaceD. political pressures may force women to lose many job opportunities57、What does the example of the meat-packing industry show?A. Insurance claims have been mainly processed on the computer since the 1970s.B. Women have great talent for using automatic machines to handle heavy lifting.C. Changes in the nature of work have triggered companies to employ more women.D. American meat-packing industry prefers to hire men to do the job of meat cutting.58、What may happen as a result of the increasing proportion of female graduate students?A. Growth in the US labor force may turn slower than in previous years.B. Discrimination against women in the workplace may be hard to change.C. Competition for employment between women may become more intense.D. The number of women taking up executive or professional jobs may increase.59、Which of the following does the author most likely agree?A. People should applaud the trend toward higher proportions of female workers.B. Equality of opportunity is impossible to realize without men’s commitment.C. The public is blind to the impacts of the changes in the American labor force.D. Displacement of male workers can be prevented if more work is done on computer.60、What is the author probably going to discuss next?A. Importance of balanced relationships in the family.B. Negative effects of women’s progress in employment.C. Legal measures to ensure equality of opportunity.D. Good ways to maintain male self-esteem in the workplace.。
Unit 6 A French FourthParagraphs 1-31.fold away:折叠起来fold into a smaller, neater shape for easy storagee.g. These camping chairs can be folded away and put in the trunk.The piece of paper was folded away carefully and tucked into her purse.foldaway折叠式的,可折叠的(i.e., collapsible) bed/iron board2.regulation: a. in accordance with the regulations; of the correct or designated typee.g.As we walked along the street, we could see the noisy cheerful group of people inregulation black parade tunics.He had the short regulation haircut of a policeman.3.in one’s mind’s eye:想象in one’s imagination or memorye.g.在他脑海里，他可以看到河边有一座美丽的房子。
他决定造这样一座房子。
In his mind’s eye, he could see a beautiful house beside the river. He decided tobuild such a house.Practice:在我心目中，她仍然是上次那个我见到过的小女孩。
4.prompt: v. 促进,推动,引起cause or bring about an action or feelingDerivation: prompt n.→ prompt a.→promptly ad.e.g.The Times article prompted him to call a meeting of the staff.My choice was prompted by a number of considerations.5.expatriate: 移居国外v.6.refuel: 补给燃料v.(1) supply a vehicle with more fuele.g.The authorities agreed to refuel the plane.(2) take on a fresh supply of knowledge, information, etc.e.g.In a society of intense competition, people have to refuel every year.7.twinge: (生理或心理上的)剧痛,刺痛n.(1) If you feel a twinge of an unpleasant emotion, you suddenly feel it.e.g.John felt a twinge of fear when he saw the officer approaching.(2) A twinge is a sudden, sharp pain.e.g.I feel a twinge in my back now and again.8.t urn … to:Paragraph 4-99.be exposed to:面临…受到…处于…作用下暴露在…下to subject or allow to besubjected to an action, influence, or condition. If you are exposed to something dangerous or unpleasant, you are put in a situation in which it might harm you.Derivation: expose v.→exposure n.e.g.Poor John was exposed to the wind and rain.The film was damaged after it was exposed to light. 曝光之后，这个胶片就损坏了。
Unit 6 A French FourthKey to the ExercisesText ComprehensionI、Decide which of the following best states the author's purpose of writing、AII、 Judge, according to the text, whether the following statements are true or false、1、T(Refer to Paragraph2、"People don't have barbecues in Paris apartments, and most other Americans I know who have settled here suppress such outward signs of their heritage)2、T (Refer to Paragraph3、"、、、so American history is mostly something they have learned -- or haven't learned -- from their parents、")3、 F (Refer to Paragraph4、They do not try to completely conceal the dark side of American society but try to keep their children from such follies of American society as school shootings、)4、T (Refer to Paragraph 11、)5、 F (Refer to Paragraph 12、Globalization is both beneficial and detrimental、It helps to blur the clear-cut divide between cultures on the one hand but makes children less than fully immersed in a foreign world on the other、)III、Answer the following questions、1、R efer to Paragraph 1、For one thing, hanging out the American flag is the only thing he can do in Paris to celebrate Independence Day, which is part of his national heritage、For another, he wants to use this opportunity to teach his children about American history and as a reminder of their American identity、2、Refer to Paragraph 4、The children seldom mix languages up because they have acquired French at school and English through communication with their English-speaking parents、And they seem to know when to use which、3、Refer to Paragraphs 4 and 8、The benefits of raising children in a foreign culture, as the writer suggests, include acquiring a foreign language and culture and staying away from the follies of the native culture、4、Refer to Paragraph 12、Globalization is like a double-edged sword to the growth of children in a foreign culture、On the one hand, it helps to reduce the differences between the foreign culture and the native culture, and facilitates the physical and spiritual re-entry into the native culture、On the other hand, it unfortunately makes it more difficult than ever for children to be fully immersed in the foreign culture、IV、Explain in your own words the following sentences、1、J uly 4 is one of the times I, as a native American, feel instinctively uneasy about the great gaps in our children's understanding of their American identity, and thus I am motivated to do something to fill the gaps、2、And living away from our native country does not matter much (in our children's acquisition of our native language)、3、In the days when I lived in France as an expatriated child, French children were dressed in the unique French style, thus looking quite different from their counterparts in other countries、4、Full immersion in a truly foreign world no longer seems possible in Western countries, and I think this is a deplorable impact of globalization upon the growth of children in a foreign country、Structural AnalysisThe author follows a "specific-to-general" pattern in his discussion, i、e、he first talks about what it means to his children to hang out the national flag of their native land in a foreign country on July 4 every year and then expresses his view on the importance for expatriated people in general to keep their cultural identity, especially when the whole world is undergoing a process of globalization、The specific points can be found in his discussion of the costs and benefits of raising children in a foreign culture in Paragraphs 4-9 while the general conclusion can be found in Paragraphs 10-12, especially Paragraph 12、Rhetorical FeaturesI've never seen anyone look up, but in my mind's eye an American tourist may notice it and smile, and a French passerby may be reminded of the date and the occasion that prompts its appearance、The function of but here is to express the author's wish that American tourists may notice the flag and be reminded of their national identity、The particular narratives of American history aside, American culture is not theirs alone but that of their French classmates, too、The music they listen to is either "American" or "European," but it is often hard to tell the difference、In my day little French kids looked like nothing other than little French kids; but Louise and Henry and their classmates dress much as their peers in the United States do, though with perhaps less Lands' End fleeciness、The function of the three buts here is to show the diminishing difference between American culture and European culture、On the other hand, they are less than fully immersed in a truly foreign world、The function of on the other hand here is to tell the reader the possible disadvantage if the existing cultural differences all disappear as a consequence of the on-going globalization、Vocabulary ExercisesI、Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words、1、important event2、refill their hearts and minds with their cultural traditions3、the American beliefs, values and loyalties4、true demonstration of what happened5、brief experience or idea6、live in the way ofII、Fill in the blank(s) in each sentence with a phrase from the box in its appropriate form、1、took pride in2、was immersed in3、resonating with4、had 、、、been exposed to5、in his mind's eye6、a glimpse of7、convey 、、、to8、turned 、、、toIII、Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words、1、fluency2、enrollment3、accessible4、obtainable5、personification6、enlightenment7、globalization 8、promptlyIV、Choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part in each sentence without changing its original meaning、1、C2、B3、A4、C5、C6、D7、D8、CV、Give a synonym or an antonym of the word underlined in each sentence in the sense it is used、1、S ynonym: education (instruction, illumination)2、Synonym: available (attainable, accessible)3、Synonym: tale (story)4、Antonym: harmless (auspicious)5、Synonym: begin (start, commence)6、Synonym: tackle (face, handle)7、Antonym: comfort (relaxation, ease)8、Antonym: immigrateVI、Explain the meaning of the underlined part in each sentence、1、literature2、joined3、motionless4、more than5、quickly6、hasGrammar ExercisesI、Complete the following sentences with where, when or why、1、why2、where3、when4、where5、where6、where7、why 8、whenII、 Rewrite the sentences where either the antecedent or the relative adverb can be omitted、1、Sam knows where we are meeting、2、/3、Four o'clock in the afternoon is the time he always reads、/ Four in the afternoon is when he always reads、4、/5、I don't know the exact time I should meet him、6、The reason he resigned is still unknown、7、I remember the morning he first came to school、8、I'll never forget the day we first met、III、Rank the following sentences according to their degree of formality、More formal → Less formal: 2 3 1More formal → Less formal: 4 6 5IV、Rewrite the short passages, using the passive form whenever possible、1、W hen Mrs Brown arrived home, she found that her flat had been robbed and all her silver had been taken、Enquiries were made by the police to find out possible clues、The burglar hasn't been caught yet but he is expected to be arrested before long、2、After a hideout for terrorists had been discovered yesterday a raid was carried out by the police and five terrorists were arrested、The police said more terrorists are expected to be arrested in the next few days、V、Complete the following sentences with shall, will, should or would、1、shall2、should3、shall4、would5、would6、will7、shall 8、willVI、Make sentences of your own after the sentences given below, keeping the underlined structures in your sentences、(Reference version)1、H e failed in part because of his carelessness、2、The thief was finally found、It was none other than the manager himself、Translation ExercisesI、Translate the following sentences into Chinese、1、虽然我没见过有人抬头瞧它一眼，但打心眼里希望来自美国得旅游者能瞧到它并会心一笑，或者路过此地得法国人能想到悬挂它得日期与理由。
综英第四册Unit6-11练习答案Unit 6I. Text comprehension: AII. 1. T 2. T 3. F 4. T 5. FV ocabularyI. 1. important event2. refill their hearts and minds with their cultural traditions3. the American beliefs, values and loyalties4. true demonstration of what happened5. brief experience or idea6. live in the way ofII. 1. took pride in2. was immersed in3. resonating with4. had been exposed to5. in his mind’s eye6. a glimpse of7. convey to8. turned toIII1.fluency2.enrollment3.accessible4.obtainable5.personification6.enlightenment7.globalization8.promptlyIV1.C2.B3.A4.C5.C6.D7.D8.CV/doc/1c8444215.html,cation (instruction, illumination)2.available (attainable, accessible)3.tale (story)4.harmless (auspicious)5.begin (start, commence)6.tackle (face, handle)/doc/1c8444215.html,fort (relaxation, ease)8.immigrateVI1.literature2.joined3.motionless4.more than5.quickly6.hasGrammarI1.why2.where3.when5.where6.where7.why8.whenII1. Sam knows where we are meeting.3. Four o’clock in the afternoon is the time he always reads. / Four in the afternoon is when he always reads.5. I don’t know the exact time I should meet him.6. The reason he resigned is still unknown.7. I remember the morning he first came to school.8. I’ll never forget the day we first met.III3. 2 3 16. 4 6 5IV1.When Mrs. Brown arrived home, she found that her flat had beenrobbed and all her silver had been taken. Enquires were made by the police to find out possible clues. The burglar hasn’t been caught yetbut he is expected to be arrested before long.2.After a hideout for terrorists had been discovered yesterday a raid wascarried out by the police and five terrorists were arrested. The police said more terrorists are expected to be arrested in the next few days.V1.shall3.shall4.would5.would6.will7.shall8.willIITranslation1.The hall resonated with the notes of the trumpet solo.2.I saw, in my mind’s eye, the pale face of the mother when heard thenews of her son’s death.3.The way he walks reminds me of the way his father used to walk.4.I mixed the dates up and arrived on the wrong day.5.Her heart swelled with pride when she learned that her daughter hadbeen admitted by Oxford University.6.Theoretically speaking, the whole population should have directaccess to information without waiting for its being filtered by the government or the media.7.Democrats have launched a campaign to win women voters over inthis presidential election.8.After he inherited his father’s estate, he was immersed in all kinds ofsensuous pleasures.III美国人热情友好，不像许多外国人想象的那样浮于表面。
Unit 6.1. The long drawn-out ____ between the employers and workers led to the strike l ast week.A. communicationB. conflictC. contributionD. conference2. A safety analysis _____ the target as a potential danger. Unfortunately, it was n ever done.A. would identifyB. will identifyC. would have identifiedD. will have identified3. I find this treatment very _____ to my health.A. advisableB. invaluableC. beneficialD. worthy4. The goal is to make higher education available to everyone who is willing and ca pable _____ his financial situation.A. due toB. according toC. regardless ofD. in terms of5. Sadly, as spending on private gardens has _____, spending on public parks has generally declined.A. heightenedB. liftedC. flownD. soared1-5 .B C C C D6. In _____ times human beings did not travel for pleasure but to find a more fav orable climate.A. primeB. primitiveC. primaryD. preliminar y7. The lost car of the Lees was found _____ in the woods off the highway.A. vanishedB. abandonedC. scatteredD. rejected8. According to the psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud, wisdom comes from the _____ of maturity.A. fulfillmentB. achievementC. establishmentD. accomplishm ent9. It is necessary that an efficient worker _____ his work on time.A .accomplishes B. can accomplish C. accomplish D. has accompl ished10. At no point south of the Han River _____ more than a mile.A. the enemy didn't advanceB. the enemy advancedC. did the enemy advanceD. didn't the enemy advance6-10 B B B C C11. Because a degree from a good university is the means to a better job, educatio n is one of the most _____ areas in Japanese life.A. sophisticatedB. competitiveC. considerateD. superficial12. We need to create education standards that prepare our next generation who w ill be _____ with an even more competitive market.A. tackledB. encounteredC. dealtD. confronted13. I would be sitting in a comfortable office now if I _____ more energies to my study instead of being crazy about going online at college.A. devotedB. would have devotedC. were to devoteD. had devoted14. Despite their good service, most inns are less costly than hotels of _____ stand ards.A. equivalentB. alikeC. uniformD. likely15. Extensive reporting on television has helped to _____ interest in a wide variety of sports and activities.A. gatherB. generateC. assembleD. yield11-15.B D D A B16. The service operates 36 libraries throughout the country, while six _____ librari es specially serve the countryside.A. mobileB. driftingC. shiftingD. rotating17. You don't have to install this radio in your new car, it's an _____ extra.A. excessiveB. optionalC. additionalD. arbitrary18. Many novels that attempt to mirror the world are really _____ of the reality th at they represent.A. reflectionsB. demonstrationsC. illuminationsD. reproductions19. Under the guidance of their teacher, the pupils are building a model boat ____ _ by steam.A. towedB. pressedC. tossedD. propelled20. Students with _____ problems may apply for student loans.A. economicB. financialC. maleD. economical16-20A B AD B21. Their profits have grown rapidly in recent years，and this ______ tendency is e xpected to continue.A. downwardB. upwardC. backwardD. forward22. The basic causes are unknown, although certain conditions that may lead to ca ncer have been _____.A. identifiedB. guaranteedC. notifiedD. conveyed23. Research universities have to keep up with the latest computer and scientific ha rdware _____ price.A. on account ofB. regardless ofC. in addition toD. not to mentio n24. In order to make things convenient for the people, the department is planning to set up some _____ shops in the residential area.A. flowingB. driftingC. mobileD. unstable25. "Grain production in the world is _____, but still millions go hungry."1.staggering B. shrinking C. soaring D .suspending21-25B A BC C26. Having given up the surgical treatment, he is currently on _________ for his h eart.A. medicalB. medicationC. medicineD. mediate27. The military on both sides are involved in ________ battle.A. intensiveB. intendedC. intenseD. exte nsive28. Your _________ is your good opinion of yourself or your respect for yourself.A. self-conceitB. self-confidentC. self-assuredD. self-esteem29. Last Sunday evening we went to the school playground to _________the school football team.A. root fromB. root upC. root forD. root out30. She ______ herself with the compaign against drug abuse.A. identifiedB. recognizedC. abandonedD. concluded26-30B CD C A31. Your statement is in _________ with the rest of evidence.A. confrontationB. conflictC. clashD. contradict32. The lost explorers ate birds' eggs to ________ starvation.A. hustleB. avoidC. preventD. stave off33. Later, some of his findings __________ much popular interest in his book.A. roseB. arousedC. aroseD. raised34. It is a __________ instinct to flee a place of danger.A. primitiveB. primaryC. preliminaryD. prime35. Do you believe that there's a __________ between smoking and heart disease.A. relationshipB. bondC. concernD. conn ection31-35 BDBAD36. Eye witnesses __________ the gunman as an army sergeant.A. pointed outB. testifiedC. identifiedD. accused37. The father in the film is ___________ as a fairly unpleasant character.A. describedB. drawnC. picturedD. portrayed38. We should ________ ourselves assiduously and faithfully to the duties of our pr ofession.A. donateB. contributeC. devoteD. end ow39. His addiction to drugs _________ him towards a life of crime.A. expelledB. repelledC. propelledD. rebelled40. He was so absorbed in the research that he had no time left for _________ ac tivities.A. amusedB. entertainC. funnyD. recreational 36-40 C D C C D41. Don’t worry about my illness; what I need is ___ a day’s rest.A) anything but B) but for C) rather than D) nothing but42. The newspapers are full of such ___ news nowadays as crime, natural disasters, and rising prices.A)depressed B) depressing C) impressed D) repressed43. The news evidence ______ my argument that they took advantage of the chan ce.A) set up B) backed up C)drew up D) picked up44. The jury _______, from the evidence, that she was guilty.A) included B) propelled C) concluded D) depressed45. _____ the condition of the engine, it is a wonder that it even starts.A) Given B) Giving C）Regarded D）Consider41-45D B B C A46. The issue has caused great tension between the two countries and could lead t o a military ________.A) alienation B) prowess C) connection D) confrontation47. We don’t think your proposal quite _______, s o you should give it up.A) in faith B) in a way C) in place D) at large48. For 12 years, we’ve sought to ______ this ultimate threat of disaster.A）starve off B) root for C) back up D）rely on49. You can’t accept ______ drug use a nd expect to control the drug problem.A) contemporary B) fundamental C) recreational D) reactionary50. Which sport has the most expenses ________ training equipment, players’ equip ment and uniform.A) along with B) in terms of C) in quest to D) in the name of46-50 D C A C B。
