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新概念英语第三册笔记第37课备课讲稿

新概念英语第三册笔记第37课备课讲稿
新概念英语第三册笔记第37课备课讲稿

Lesson 37 The Westhaven Express 开往威斯特海温的快车

New words and expression 生词和短语

1. Express n.快车;a..高速的(ad. 快递地send it ~ vt 1、表达2、(想法、情感) 流露; 呈现)Express way 高速公路/ Express train快车

Special express特快/ express coach长途汽车

express service快车express post快件express mail快件express delivery快递

express company 快递公司

2. Punctual a. 准时的( = neither early nor late )

--In the modern society, we must be punctual in what we are doing .

Be punctual to the minute非常的准时--He is a man who is punctual to the minute.

副词:Punctually

反义词:Unpunctual

名词:Punctuality [,p??ktj?'?l?t?]

Promptly adv.准时地[‘pr?mptli] 1、迅速地(quickly);立即(immediately)2、及时地;准时地

-- He was so sleepy that he went to sleep promptly.

on time 准时/in time 及时

punctual(adj.严守时刻的, 准时的)[‘p??kt?u?l] punctually adv.守时地

prompt 1、引起、促使、推动、导致to make sb decide to do sth; to cause sth to happen

provoke 1、[VN] 激起;引起;引发to cause a particular reaction or have a particular effect

2、~ sb (into sth/into doing sth) 挑衅;激怒;刺激

3. Condition vt.使习惯于(=Form a habit in)(习惯于(以某种方式做事或思考) [usu passive] 使适应;以…为条件)

--Society has conditioned each one of us. 这个社会已经使我们大家都适应了。

Be condition to sth

--Each one of us has been conditioned to society.

--the plants have been conditioned to the cold weather here.. ( plant 做主语)

--The cold weather has conditioned the plants here. (cold weather 做主语)

1) (专业或贬义)训练,使…有反应condition to do sth

eg. The animals are conditioned to expect food at the sound of the bell. 被训练得习惯一听到铃声就想吃食物。eg. People are conditioned by the society they live in. 人们都习惯于适应所生活的社会空间。

2) to control or decide 决定,取决

eg. The amount of money I spend is conditioned by the amount I earn. 我花多少钱要看我收入多少而定。adapt v.渐渐适应

adapt to适应

eg. It is hard for a person who lives in northern countries to adopt to octopus.

adapt for 改编,改作(他用)

eg. The original has been adapted for a soap opera. 原著被改编成了一部肥皂剧。

eg. An old house was adapted for a garage. 一间旧房子被改成了车库。

adjust v. 调整,校准,以适应(to make small changes especially to its position to make it more effective)eg. My eyes haven’t adjusted to the dark yet. 介词to

eg. The desks and seats must be adjusted to the height of any child. 桌椅必须调整以适应孩子们得高度。settle in/settle into 适应,融入新环境(to become used to a new home, job, surroundings)

eg. It took me 3 weeks to settle into life at college.

n. 条件(情况,状态,条件)

on condition that 在……条件下如果

on no condition 在任何情况下都不(用在句首句子必须采用倒装)

--On no condition must you be late. 在任何情况下都不能迟到。

4. unshakable a. 不可动摇的(坚定不移的)

adj. 不可动摇的;坚定不移的unalterable , unpersuadable

shakable 可动摇的;可震动的;可摇动的

shake ( shaking, shook, shaken, shakes )

vt. 动摇;摇动;震动;握手vi. 动摇;摇动;发抖n. 摇动;哆嗦milk shake

tremble 颤抖,发抖,指因寒冷、情绪变化、体弱多病而不由自主轻微地抖动。

如:A poor old woman stood at the corner, trembling with age.

shake 颤抖,颤动,指任何短促而急促的摇动,有时喻指对决心,信念的动摇。

如:He was shaking with fear.(他吓得发抖。) Nothing can shake our determination.

shiver 战栗,寒战,指因寒冷,恐惧或体弱多病而引起的抖动。

如:The old man stood shivering in the wind-swept street.(这位老人站在寒风凛冽的街上发抖。)

5. faith n.信任=strong belief/trust 深信不疑,信仰,信心(n. 信仰;信念;信任;忠实)

faithful忠实的,忠诚的;如实的;准确可靠的

faithless不忠实的;无信的;无宗教信仰的

词汇比较:

faith 语气较强,深信不疑,有时也能仅凭感觉产生的相信。信仰(比belief 程度更重一些)

belief 可信赖,可接受,普通用词,指单纯从主观上的相信,不着重这种相信是否有根据。

conviction坚定的信念,根据长期交往或实践,对某人某事有了认识和了解后产生的信心和相信,侧重其坚定性。

trust 相信,依赖(强调相信、信任的完全可靠。)

credit 语气最弱,着重以声誉为信任的基础。--I have full credit in your ability to do this job.

6. cancel v.取消(to stop sth. planned from happening)事先计划好的事物reschedule

cancel an appointment --we have to cancel the appointment.

cancel a meeting

词汇比较:

Call off 取消,解除(可以替换cancel)

Abolish 废除(to officially end a law, system especially one that has existed for a long time)

--The law was abolished. abolish racial segregation 废除种族隔离

Rescind [r?'s?nd] vt撤销,废止,废除,比abolish正式(非常正式的一个词,文件,公约常用)

Write off 注销,勾销--Write off the name. 注销这个名字。

Cross out 划掉--The word here is useless, please cross it out.

deprive sb of sth 剥夺,取消,丧失

eg. The criminal was deprived of his political rights.

eg. The kid was deprived of parents in a train accident.

7. exceptionally adv. 例外地(异常地;特殊地;例外地)

词根:except

adj. exceptional 异常的,例外的

conj. except 除了;要不是except that 除了…之外

上节课学的:assuming 特殊的连词conj.假定认为…assuming that considering that given that等prep.except 除…之外

8. dislocate ['d?sl?ke?t] v. 打乱(计划等)

(本意是vt. 使脱臼(不能正常运转发挥功能);然后,使混乱,扰乱)

1) to spoil a plan, system, service etc., so that it cannot work normally

dislocate a plan 打乱计划dislocate a system dislocate service

put a plan out of order 打乱一个计划

dislocate business 破坏生意dislocate machinery

2)to put a bone out of place 使关节脱臼

eg. He fell from his horse and dislocated his collar bone. 他从马上跌下而使锁骨脱臼了。

9. blame v. 责怪(vt. 责备;归咎于n. 责备;责任;过失)

1、归咎于

Blame sb for sth 归咎于(for后加结果for something bad)blame the army for the chaos

Blame sth on sth 归咎于(on后加原因blame something bad on sb/sth)blame the breakdown on the schedule

2、责备,责怪blame sb for sth/doing sth I do not blame them for trying to make some money.

3、动词词组:该受责备be to blame (for)(主动表被动)If their forces were not involved, then who is to blame?

4、n. 责备,及引申出“严重或程度高时”的“(事故、过失等的) 责任”take the blame for 承担责任

I'm not going to take the blame for a mistake he made.

10. consult v.请教,查阅

1) to ask sb. for information or advice as a professional who is supposed to know about it请教,征求意

consult his doctor找医生诊治consult a dictionary 查字典consult a map 查地图

2) to ask for someone’s permission or to discuss sth. with someone so that you can make a decis ion together consult with 和…商议eg. I’ll consult with my parent’s before I make a decision.

11. direct adv.径直地(without stopping or changing direction or without dealing with anyone else first)

fly direct to Chicago 直飞芝加哥contact the manager direct 直接与经理联系

eg. It’s usually cheaper to buy the goods direct from the wholesaler.

directly直率地,直截了当地

speak directly ask directly answer directly

eg. She seems to have something on her mind, but wouldn’t speak directly.

这两个副词都有“直接地”之意。

direct : 指去目的地/人不中断,不停步、不绕道、直奔目的地/人。(直达目标物/人)

The mayor goes direct to the people to listen to their complaints.(市长亲自深入群众倾听他们的怨言。)directly : 指抽象方式的“直接,正对,正面刚,直接干”以一种直接的方式。表时间时,指立刻,不拖延之意。I'll be there directly.(我马上到那儿。)

另外:directly可以用作连词,表示“一……就”,只用directly,不用direct。如:

Directly I walked in the door I smelt smoke. 我一进门就闻到烟味。

high adv. fly high (物理)

highly adv. speak highly of sb 对某人评价特别的高(抽象)

deep adv. dig deep into the earth

deeply adv. move sb deeply 深深地震撼或打动了某人

12. odd a.奇怪的,异常的

odd adj.1、古怪的(因为少见而奇怪)(不正常的或超乎预料的,通常让人无法赞同或理解)

2、奇数的;单数的(反义词even)

strange adj.陌生的, 奇怪的(因为陌生而奇怪)(指不同寻常或令人惊讶的)

queer adj.奇特的(因为不同于其它的而奇怪,程度非常之高)-- Look, he is wearing a queer hat.

2、娘儿们似的;妖里妖气的(n.同性恋男)

Fantastic adj.奇妙的

weird 1、奇异的;不寻常的;怪诞的 a weird dream

2、离奇的;诡异的(神秘或可怕)make weird inhuman sounds

Eccentric [?k’sentr?k] adj. 怪癖的(-- He is an eccentric person.)

13 reflect v 细想(深思熟虑=consider carefully)

s reflecting on his idea. We should all give ourselves time to reflect.

第二种意思:反射,注意“映出倒影”--She looks at herself reflected in the water/in the mirror (常水,镜子)第三种意思:由反射出,引申出“V-T反映出; 表现出; 显示出”(比如观点等)

A newspaper report seems to reflect the view of most members of Congress. 国会多数议员的观点

Deliberate 故意的,有意的

作为动词V-T/V-I有“仔细思考和商议”的意思,及引申出第二个形容词意“深思熟虑的,从容镇定的”

14. Advantage n.优势,长处

Take advantage of sb 欺骗,作弄,占某人的便宜(不一定是性别方面的)(欺骗某人并利用)

Take advantage of sth 利用--We must take advantage of what we can use.

Of great/no advantage to sb/sth 对。。。大有益处/毫无益处--Smoking is of no advantage to you.

To one’s advantage =to the advantage of sb对某人有利

turn sth to advantage 使发挥作用,充分利用(把什么变成优势,长处)

eg. In seeking a good job, we should turn English to advantage.

Have advantage over sb/sth (优于,胜过,比…优秀)胜过某人,比某人有优势

In terms of working experience, I have an advantage over him.

give an advantage over (使某人)在…方面比较有利

eg. His university education gave him an advantage over those who had never been to college.

词汇比较:

Interest 个人的利益,好处

--It’s to your interest to give up smoking

Benefit通过正当手段谋求的好处

--Doing exercises will benefit us a lot.

Profit金钱上的获利

Good个人或集体的利益

15. mighty a. 强大的,有力的(very strong and powerful)书面用语

the Mighty King Kang Xi 康熙大帝

mighty nation强大的民族

super power超级大国

high and mighty自高自大

eg. People invariably hold those who are high and mighty in despise.

hold sth in despise 蔑视

2、adv. 很;极;非常(美国英语,非正式)

eg. I’m mighty fine and dandy.

3、n. 有势力的人(用的非常少)

16. dawdle ['d??d(?)l]v. 慢吞吞地动或做或前进(磨蹭)(另有vt&vi. “混日子,游手好闲”的意思)Eg: Eleanor will be back any moment, if she doesn't dawdle

17. chug [t??g] v.咔嚓咔嚓的响(动画片里面的老式汽车)

Vi (发动机缓慢运转时)(车辆) 发着嘎嚓声吃力地行驶

Vt 一口气喝完[美国英语] [非正式]

eg. The boat chugged out of the harbor at dawn.

creak [kri?k] v. 吱扭吱扭,咯吱咯吱((门、木地板等)嘎吱作响)

eg. The door creaked open and a boy slipped in.

chuckle ['t??k(?)l] v.咯咯笑

cluck [kl?k] v./n. the sound made by a hen((母鸡)咯咯叫;(表示遗憾或不赞成)发咯咯声;用舌头发出咯咯声的噪音;大惊小怪)

18. Lodge[l?d?] v.提出=make a statement officially,to make a formal or official complaint, protest比make 更正式

Make/lodge complaint 提出抱怨

lodge a complaint 提出投诉lodge a protest 提出抗议lodge an appeal提出上诉

lodge …against sb/sth with sb 就…向…提出

eg. Some parents lodged a complaint with the headmaster against one of the teachers.向校长提出投诉。

eg. The criminal lodged an appeal against the sentence. 罪犯不服判决而提出上诉。

charge v.

charge sb with sth 指控…犯有罪

eg. He was charged with forgery and theft. 他被指控犯有伪造和偷窃罪。

charge sb + money for sth 对…收费eg. I was charged $20 for a hairdo!

accuse sb of sth 指责别人犯有…错或罪

eg. They accused the police of brutality.他们指责警察乱施暴行。

eg. Dimitri immediately went to Alko’s house and angrily accused him of stealing the lamb.

complain of sth to sb 抱怨指责别人作了什么

eg. She complained to me of her husband’s indifference. 她向我抱怨她的丈夫的冷漠。

indict [?n'da?t] v.起诉,控诉,以…罪被起诉

indict sb for sth 以…罪名起诉某人

eg. He was indicted for fraud. 他被起诉犯有诈骗罪。

sue v.控诉,起诉,提出索赔

eg. He sued the other driver in the crash for $3000 damages. 他向车祸中的肇事司机提出3000英镑的赔款。lodge n.乡下的茅屋和茅舍

hut [h?t] n.小屋 a wooden hut 小木屋

cabin n. 森林或山中的小木屋

shed n. 小木屋

shanty ['??nt?] n. 简陋房屋((穷人居住的)简陋的小屋; 棚屋)shanty town 贫民窟

shack [??k] n. 简陋房屋(简易的棚屋)

shanty and shack project 平房改造工程

19. complaint n.抱怨(怨言; 投诉)

Complain V-T/V-I 向某人抱怨complain to sb about sth/doing sth complain to sb of sth/ doing sth

但是complain of还有“抗议”和“诉说病痛”的意思,complain about没有。complain of pain or illness 诉说(病痛) eg: He complained of a headache.

20. triumph ['tra??mf n.胜利(an important victory or success especially after a different struggle)

vi. 获得胜利,成功All her life, Kelly had stuck with difficult tasks and challenges, and triumphed

a triumph of design 伟大的设计

a brave man’s triumph over adversity 一位勇敢战胜不幸的伟大胜利

conquest 指获取胜利或征服,把败者置于控制之下。

victory 普通用词,主要指在战争、斗争或竞赛中获得的胜利,侧重艰辛与成功。sweep to victory 所向披靡

triumph 着重胜利或成功的辉煌与彻底。

success:(sth as a good result or effect, the gaining of what is aimed at)取得了好的结果,或达成了预想目标make a success of sth 把一件事情做成功

21. asterisk ['?st?r?sk]n.星号(n. 星号;星号键vt. 注上星号;用星号标出)

astro- 星,太空(相关)

astronaut 宇航员

astronomer 天文学家[?'str?n?m?] /star gazer (比较诙谐一点的说法) gaze 注视、凝视

22. conduct v. 引向,引导动词读作k?n?d?kt。名词读作?k?nd?kt。

1、组织并实施When you conduct an activity or task, you organize it and do it

2、指挥(交响乐、合唱等)

3、[VN + adv./prep.] 带领;引导;为(某人)导游;conduct sb to==led sb to

4、传导(热、电) Water conducts heat faster than air.

5、[VN + adv./prep.] conduct oneself…(formal) 举止;表现to behave in a particular way(宾固为反身代词)He conducted himself far better than expected

名词:1、进行实施The conduct of a task or activity is the way in which it is organized and carried out.

2、(人在某地或某种情况下的)行为,举止

execute, conduct, do, perform, fulfil

这组词都有“做,执行,实施,完成”的意思,其区别是:

execute 指需专门技术熟练技巧去完成某种复杂的任务或表演等,也指用行动把计划或打算付诸实施或执行某项命令。(处决)

conduct 和perform一样比较正式,二者意义相近,但conduct含指导、领导或监督等意味。

do 最普通常用词,指完成某项具体工作、任务,也指完成某种行为或动作。

perform 指完成困难较大、较复杂的任务。较正式用词。

fulfil 指履行和实现所许诺的、所期望或要求的事情,含最终完成的意味。

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Lesson 2 Until 和till 互通, 通常句尾; until 也可放到句首 1,prep+表时间的名词 直到午夜,直到下午三点, until midnight, three in the afternoon. 杭州的茶馆很多,是一个消磨时间和谈生意的好去处,花上几块钱,可以呆一个下午,直到很晚 There are many teahouses in Hangzhou// we have many teahouses in Hangzhou. They are ideal/nice/good places to kill time or talk about business. With a few bucks/dollars, you can stay there until /till very late in the afternoon。 咖啡厅是一个放松的好地方,这里你既能享受春日的温暖,又能体会到这个城市中产阶级的生活品调Coffee-bars are ideal places to relax. There you can enjoy the balmy spring day and the luxury of mid-class life. (Luxurious lifestyle 奢侈的,糜烂的生活方式) *** 我所在的城市被誉为人间天堂.我们城市西部有一个湖,那里有很多的茶馆和饭店。下午时分,不管天气是晴是雨,我都喜欢坐在其中,听音乐,品龙井茶。 My city is paradise/heaven on Earth. We have a good lake in the west part of the city. There are many good restaurants and coffee bars /tea houses along the lake. Whether on fine afternoons or rainy afternoons, I love to sit in one of them, listening to the nice music and savoring the local Longjing tea. 不论晴天还是雨天,我都会来这里,听音乐或细细的品味我喜爱当地龙井茶 2,连词。 等到雨停了Wait until/till the rain stops. (时间状语从句用一般现在时表示将来) 现在不是好时机,我还是等等,直到价格下来一点再说 It’s not a good time now. I shall wait until the price comes down a little bit. 没有机会,中国人说你可以等,但是直到海枯石烂,你依然看不到希望 There is no opportunity/chance. In Chinese we say you can wait until the sea dries up but still you see no hope 他一点都不好看,中文里我们说他长得和死蟹差不多 He is not good-looking at all. In Chinese we say he looks like a dead crab. He looks like hell. 长得和鬼一样 他想娶他配不上的人,中文里我们说他癞蛤蟆想吃天鹅肉 He wants to marry someone he doesn’t deserve. In Chinese we often say an ugly toad wants to eat swan meat. *** His face is the fiercest weapon他的脸是最强悍的武器 她是世界上最漂亮的女人,一顾倾城,二顾倾国 She is the most beautiful lady in the world. One glance, the city collapses;another glance, the country surrenders

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