1.absence from 缺席，不在如：
His long absence from work delayed his promotion.
他长期不上班，耽误了提升。
2. absence of 缺乏如：
In the absence of my commanding officer, I acted on my own initiative. 指挥官不在场，我主动见机行事。
In the absence of their teacher the class was in a state of anarchy.
教师不在，班上一片混乱。
3. access to ……的入口，通路如：
The only access to the farmhouse is across the fields.
要到那农舍去唯有穿过田地。
She was forbidden access to the club.
人家不允许她到那个俱乐部去。
4. acquaintance with 相识，了解如：
I have only a nodding acquaintance with Japanese.
我对日语仅略知一二。
The guide has some acquaintance with Italian.
导游懂得一点意大利语。
5. action on sth 对……的作用如：
evidences of glacial action on the rocks
岩石上的冰河留下的痕迹
6. addition to sth 增加如：
She is a beautiful addition to the family.
她是我们家漂亮的新成员。
Can we finance the addition to our home?
我们可以为你提供经费。
7. admission to /into 进入；入(场，学，会等)如：
How does one gain admission to the Buckingham Palace?
怎样才能获准进入白金汉宫？
Admission to British universities depends on examination results. 英国大学入学以考试成绩为凭。
8. admission of sth 承认如：
His admission of guilt surprised everyone.
他供认犯罪使大家感到意外。
The write of the letter is ipso facto an admission of guilt.
写此信的本身就是一种认罪。
9. advance in 改进,进步，如：
an advance in genetic engineering
遗传工程学方面的进展
to advance in years
年纪增长
10. advantage over 优于……的有利条件如：
Now we have won an advantage over the enemy.
我们现在经赢得了对敌人的优势。
11. affection for/towards 爱，喜欢如：
Yearby year their affection for each other grew stronger.
他们之间的爱逐年加深。
He felt great affection for his sister.
他很疼他的妹妹。
12. answer to ……的答案如：
The answer to his problem was staring him in the face.
他那个问题的答案是明摆著的。
Do you know the answer to this question?
你知道这道题的答案吗？
13. anxiety for sth 渴望如：
His anxiety for knowledge is to be praised.
他对知识的渴望应该受到称赞。
14. apology to sb for sth 道歉如：
He made an apology to me for hurting my feelings.
他因伤害了我的感情而向我道歉。
At last we convicted him of his errors and made him offer an apology to her.
我们终于使他认识到自己的过失而且还让他向她道了歉。
15. appeal to sb 恳求，呼吁，吸引如：
The company is prepared to trade off its up-market image against a stronger appeal to teenage buyers.
该公司拟改变只售高档商品的形像，以吸引青少年顾客。
His lawyer decided to take an appeal to a higher court.
他的律师决定向高一级法院上诉。
16. appeal for 魅力，吸引力如：
Does jazz hold any appeal for you?
你对爵士乐有兴趣吗？
17. appetite for 对……的欲望如：
Reading travel brochures whets one’s appetite for a hol iday.
看了旅游手册就巴不得去度假。
Why don’t you go for a walk? It’ll give you an appetite for your lunch.你怎麽不出去散散步? 散散步午饭时就有食欲了。
18. application of 把……应用于…… 如：
application of microwave energy
微波能应用
application of computers in chemistry
计算机在化学中的应用
19. approach to 类似，办法，通道如：
Her approach to the job lacks purpose.
她干这项工作缺乏毅力。
She is extremely professional in her approach to her job.
她对工作极为精通。
20. argument against 赞成/反对……的理由如：
There are strong arguments against these measures.
有一些有力的论据反对这些措施。
21. arrangement for 对……的安排如：
We hatched all the arrangement for the dance.
我们为舞会做了一些安排。
We are busy in making arrangement for Christmas.
我们正忙着做圣诞节的准备。
22. attack on 对……的进攻，评击如：
Ann then sailed in with a furious attack on the chairman.
安随後严词抨击董事长。
She made a vehement attac k on the government’s policies.
她强烈谴责政府的政策。
23. attempt at 尝试企图如：
A halfhearted attempt at writing a novel.
并不热心的试图写一部小说。
My first attempt at a chocolate cake tasted horrible.
我首次试做的巧克力蛋糕难吃极了。
24. attention to 对……的注意如：
A teacher can’t give individ ual attention to each pupil if his class is large. 如果班上的人数多，老师就不能给予个别辅导了。
I hope you will pay attention to this problem.
希望你对此给予关注。
25. attraction for 对……的吸引力如：
Do you feel any attraction for this book?
你感觉这书有什麽吸引力吗？
The television has little attraction for me.
电视对我没有什么吸引力。
26. balance between ……之间的平衡如：
This teacher tries to strike a balance between work and play.
老师试图使学生们的学业和娱乐两全其美。
Get the balance between two political force involve a lot of art. 达到两种政治力量之间的平衡需要运用很多计谋。
27. barrier to ……的障碍如：
Intolerance is a barrier to understanding.
没有包容心是互相理解的最大障碍。
28. belief in 对……的信仰，相信如：
belief in a hereafter
相信死后灵魂的生活
belief in a personal God
信仰人格化的神
29. candidate for 候选人，人选如：
He was nominated as a candidate for office.
他被提名为这个职位的候选人。
30. check on 检查，阻止如：
Let me check on your order.
我查一查你们点的菜。
Don’t forget to check on your work.
别忘记检查一下你们的工作。
31.claim for sth要求，如：
Claim for delayed delivery
延误交货索赔
Claim for inferior quality
由于质量低劣而索赔
32.collision with sb/sth碰撞，冲突如：
His car had a collision with a truck.
他的车子与货车相撞。
33. comment on/about 对……的评论如：
What’s your comment on our operas?
你对京剧的评价怎样？
Many customers have high comment on it.
许多顾客对此商品的评价很高。
34.connection between 关系，连接如：
The connection between the two events is remote.
这两件事之间没有什么联系。
35. complaint of/about 报怨，控告如：
I have a complaint of the chest.
我胸部不适。
accept complaint about damage
接受货损抱怨
36. compromise between/on 折中，妥协如：
Progress has been made towards a political compromise between the two nations. 两国之间的政治和解已经取得进展。
37.concentration on sth 专心，集中精力如：
Too much concentration on one aspect of a problem is dangerous.
过度专注于问题的一面是危险的。
concentration of emotional energy on an object or idea
精神集中于某物或某种想法上
38. concentration of sth 集中，聚集如：
Having a high concentration of acid
含高浓度酸
They strongly recommended concentration of offer.
他们极力建议集中报盘。
39. concern about/for/over 担心如：
There was also concern about the adaptation of laws exercise. 人们也非常关心关于法律适应化的工作。
40.confidence in 对……的信任，相信如：
I have complete confidence in them.
我对他们完全有信心。
He inspired confidence in us.
他使41. consent to sth 同意如：
Her parents refused their consent to the marriage.
她的父母不答应这门婚事。
His consent to your proposal speaks volumes for his good will. 他赞成你的提议充分证明他的友善。
42. contact with sb/sth 接触，联系如：
No, I have no contact with her.
没有，我和她没有一点儿联系。
Always maintain eye contact with the interviewer.
和雇主要一直保持目光接触。
43. contest for sth 争夺，竞争如：
a contest for the top jo
b in the union
为争取协会的最高职位而进行的角逐
He come second in the contest for deputy leader.
在角逐副领导人时，他居第二位。
44. contradiction between 矛盾，不一致如：
There seems to be a contradiction between her word and action.
她的言行似乎不一致。
There is no fundamental contradiction between socialism and a market economy. 社会主义和市场经济之间不存在根本矛盾。
45. contribution to 贡献，捐献，促成如：
Einstein make a great contribution to science.
爱因斯坦对科学作出了伟大的贡献。
She makes a big contribution to modern sculpture.
她对现代雕塑有很大贡献。
46. conversation with sb 对话如：
Did you have a conversation with him?
你和他谈过话了吗？
I struck up a conversation with this old woman in the shop.
我在商店里与这位老妇人攀谈起来。
47. danger to sb/sth 危险如：
Smoking is a danger to health.
吸烟对健康有害。
He is a danger to society.
他对社会是个威胁。
48. credit for sth 荣誉，赞扬如：
He got all the credit for the discovery.
这一发现全都归功于他了。
49. damage to sth 损坏如：
bird and mammal damage to forest
森林鸟兽害
50.contrast to/with sth 对比，对照如：
In contrast with their system, ours seems very old-fashioned. 我们的制度与他们的相比，显得过于守旧了。
我们获得了信心。
51. decision on/against 做/不做……的决定如：
A decision on this matter is pending.
此事即将作出决定。
The committee reversed its decision on import quota.
委员会取消了对进口货物的配额的决定。
52. decrease in sth ……的减少如：
There has been a steady decrease in population in this city. 这个城市的人口在持续下降。
53. defence against 防御，保卫如：
Trees are a defence against the wind.
树是一种防风物。
The country put up a strong defence against the enemy 's invasion
为了抵御敌人的侵略，这个国家布置了坚固的防御工事。
54. delegate to 参加……的代表如：
He was elected as a delegate to the annual conference.
他被选为年会代表。
55. demand for 对……的需求如：
Demand for hospital services remained high.
居民对医院服务的需求仍然殷切。
A fall in demand for oil tankers has put/placed thousands of jobs in the shipbuilding industry in jeopardy.
油轮需求量下降使造船业成千上万的工作职位受到威胁。
56. departure from 离开如：
Ordered curry as a departure from his usual bland diet.
他没有点通常吃的淡而无味的食品，而要了咖哩食品。
The new system is a departure from our usual methods.
这套新办法不同于我们惯用的方法。
57. desire for sth 渴望如：
It is obvious that they have no desire for peace.
很显然，他们没有和平的愿望。
They had little desire for wealth/to get rich.
他们对财富（致富）没有什么欲望。
58. differences between 不同，差异如：
Differences between employers and workers go deep.
雇主和工人间的分歧很大。
The differences between the pictures are very slight.
这两幅画差别很小。
59. dispute about 争论，辩论如：
It is ridiculous to dispute about such a thing.
为这样的事情而争论简直荒谬可笑。
There will be a dispute about the rightful succession to her estate.
对于她产业的合法继承权将有一场争论。
60. distinction between 区别如：
He drew a quite artificial distinction between men and women readers. 他把男读者和女读者硬是人为地区分开来。
We should make a distinction between right and wrong.
我们应该分清是非。
开头：
When it comes to ..., some think ...
There is a public debate today that ...
A is a commen way of ..., but is it a wise one?
Recentaly the problem has been brought into focus.
提出观点：
Now there is a growing awareness that...
It is time we explore the truth of ...
Nowhere in history has the issue been more visible.
进一步提出观点：
... but that is only part of the history.
Another equally important aspect is ...
A is but one of the many effects. Another is ...
Besides, other reasons are...
提出假想例子的方式：
Suppose that...
Just imagine what would be like if...
It is reasonable to expect...
It is not surprising that...
举普通例子：
For example(instance),...
... such as A,B,C and so on (so forth)
A good case in point is...
A particular example for this is...
引用：
One of the greatest early writers said ...
"Knowledge is power", such is the remard of ... "......". That is how sb comment ( criticize/ praise...). "......". How often we hear such words like there.
讲故事
（先说故事主体），this story is not rare.
..., such delimma we often meet in daily life.
..., the story still has a realistic significance.
提出原因：
There are many reasons for ...
Why .... , for one thing,...
The answer to this problem involves many factors.
Any discussion about this problem would inevitably involves ... The first reason can be obiviously seen.
Most people would agree that...
Some people may neglect that in fact ...
Others suggest that...
Part of the explanation is ...
进行对比：
The advantages for A for outweigh the disadvantages of... Although A enjoys a distinct advantage ...
Indeed , A carries much weight than B when sth is concerned.
A maybe ... , but it suffers from the disadvantage that...
承上启下：
To understand the truth of ..., it is also important to see...
A study of ... will make this point clear
让步：
Certainly, B has its own advantages, such as...
I do not deny that A has its own merits.
结尾：
>From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw
the conclusion that ...
In summary, it is wiser ...
In short...
在作文中引用合适的名言警句，会给你的文章增色许多。这里收集了我本人喜爱的一些名言，可能会对你有用。我们使用引用的位置可以在开头结尾或正文段落中，
常见的使用形式如下：
One of the greatest early writers said ...
"Knowledge is power", such is the remard of ...
"......". That is how sb comment ( criticize/ praise...).
"......". How often we hear such words like there.
Useful quotations
逆境
by Robert Collier
In every adversity there lies the seed of an equivalent advantage. In every defeat there is a lesson showing you how to win the victory next time.
努力与成功
by Ann Landers
Opportunities are usually disguised as hard work, so most people don't recognize them.
坚持
by Ralph Waldo Emerson
No one can cheat you out of ultimate success but yourselves.
Confucius 孔子
Our greatest glory is not in never falling...
but in rising every time we fall.
坚持
Mother Teresa
To keep a lamp burning we have to keep putting oil in it.
Henry Ford
Nothing is particularly hard if you divide it inuo small jobs.
Winston Churchill
Never, never, never, never give up.
Albert Einstein
In uhe middle of difficulty lies opportunity.
努力与成功
by Crassus
Those who aim at great deeds must suffer greatly.
Thomas Edison
There is no substitute for hard work.
Leo Tolstoi
The strongest of all warriors are these two- Time and Patience.
Thomas Jefferson
I'm a great believer in luck,
and I find the harder I work...
the more I have of it.
Robert Collier
Success is the sum of small efforts, repeated day in and day out.
Ray A. Croc
Luck is a dividend of sweat. The more you sweat, the luckier you get.
实际经验与间接经验
You'll learn more about a road by traveling it...
than by consulting all the maps in the world.
动机与结果
Vince Lombardi
Winning isn't everything...
but wanting to win is.
John F. Kennedy
We choose to go!to the moon and other things , oot because they are easy, but because they are hard.
Thucydides
The strong do what they will.
The weak do what they must.
为人态度：
John Wooden
Talent is God given--Be Humble.
Fame is man given-- Be Thankful.
Conceit is self given --Be Careful.
行动：
Theodore Roosevelt
Do what you can , with what you have , with where you are.
Publilius Syrus Maxim
No one knows what he can do till he tries.
Terence
There is nothing so easy but that it becomes difficult when you do it reluctantly. Thomas Fuller
A wise man turns chance into good fortune.
William Hazlitt
Prosperity is a great teacher;
adversity is a greater.
William Penn
No pains, no palm;
no thorns, no throne;
no gall , no glory;
no cross, no crown.
Will Rogers
Even if you're on the right track, you'll get run over... if you just sit there. Opportunity rarely knocks on your door.
Knock rather on opportunity's door if you ardently wish to enter.
成功与失败
Vince Lombardi
It's not whether you get knocked down.
...It's whether you get up again.
Winston Churchill
An optimist sees an opportunity in every calamity;
a pessimist sees a calamity in every opportunity.
热情（年轻/年老）
Ralph Waldo Emerson
Nothing great was ever achieved without enthusiasm.
信心
James Allen
The will to do springs from the knowledge that we can do. Samuel Johnson
Few things are impossible to diligence and skill.
Aughey
Lost time is never found again.
V oltaire
No problem can stand the assault of sustained thinking. Napoleon
Victory belongs to the most persevering.
细心
Euipides
Leave no stone unturned.
计划与工作
Norman Vincent Peale
Plan your work for today and every day;
then work your plan.
Henry Ford
Failure is only the opportunity to more intelligently begin again. Thomas Edison
I start where the last man left off.
理想与现实
What the mind of man can conceive and believe,
the mind of a man can achieve.
勤奋
Benjamin Franklin
Plough deep while sluggards sleep.
目标
Henry David Thoreau
In the lone run men hit only what they aim at.
幸运
Emily Dickinson
Luck is not chance...
It's toil...
Fortune's expensive smile is earned.
勤奋
Thomas Edison
Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration. Useful Quotations
想象力
Albert Einstein
Imagination is more important than knowledge.
挑战：
Walter Begehot
The great pleasure in life is doing what people say you cannot do.
机会与准备
Abraham Lincoln
I will prepare and some day my chance will come.
信心与事实
Henry Ford
Whether you think you can or think you can't -- you are right. English Proverb
Where there's a will there's a way.
There is no failure excepting no longer trying.
Luck is what happens when preparation meets opportunity
三、常见短语搭配 1. 介词与动词的搭配 account for 说明(原因等) adapt to (使)适应，适合；改编，改写add to 增添，增加；补充add up to 合计达，总计 adhere to 附着，粘着adjust to (使)适应于，把...调节到agree to 同意，赞成agree with 同意，赞成 aim at 瞄准，对准；旨在allow for 考虑到 amount to 合计，共计，等于answer for 对...负有责任aplolgize to sb.for sth.为...而向...道歉appeal to 诉诸，求助 apply for 申请，请求 approve of 赞成，同意；批准，核准arise from 由...引起，由...产生 arrive at 到达(小地方)；达成，得出arrive in 到达(大地方) ask after 探问，问候 ask for 询问，要求assign to 指派，选派 associate with 使联系，使联合；交往attach to 系上，贴上；使附属，使依恋 attempt at 企图，努力attend to 照顾，护理；专心于attribute to 把...归因于，归咎于back up 支持，援助；后退 bear/keep in mind 记住begin with 从...开始 believe in 相信，信任belong to 属于 benefit from 受益，获益blame for/on 责备；因...而受到责备boast of/about 自夸，夸耀，吹牛bring forward 提出，提议 bring about 导致；引起build up 积累，堵塞；树立
介词短语及固定搭配 1. 表示时间的介词： at：用于表示时刻，时间的某一点。 on:用于星期，某天，某一天的上午，下午，晚上（指具体的某一天时，一律用on in:用于表示周，月，季节，年，泛指上午，下午，晚上 before:在...之前 after:在...之后 by:在....前（时间）截止（到）... until（till）：直到.....为止 for：达...之久（表示过了多少时间） % during：在....期间 through：一直..（从开始到结束） from：从...起（时间） since:自从...以来（表示从以前某时一直到现在仍在继续） in：过...后（未来时间） within：不超过...的范围 2. 表示场所，方向的介词： at :在某地点（表示比较狭窄的场所） in:在某地（表示比较宽敞的场所） on:在...上面，有接触面 $ above：在...上方 over：在...正上方，是under的反义词 under：在..下面，在...之内 below :在...下方（不一定是正下方） near：近的，不远的 by:在...的旁边，比near的距离要近 between：在两者之间 among：在三者或者更多的之中 around：环绕，在...的周围，在....的四周 in front of:在...的前面 … behind：在...后边 in：在..之内，用于表示静止的位置 into：进入 out of :和into一样，也表示有一定的运动方向 along：沿着 across：横过（平面物体） through：贯通，通过 to :达到..地点（目的地）或方向 for：表示目的，为了..... from：从...地点起 …
初中阶段常用动词与介词搭配的短语 l．动词+about speak／talkabout谈论thinkabout思考careabout关心，对……有兴趣bringabout引起，使发生setabout着手，开始comeabout发生hearabout听说worryabout为……担心 hang out 闲逛 throw about乱扔 know\learn about了解 look around 环顾，四周看ask about 询问 complain about 抱怨2．动词+away throwaway扔掉blowaway吹走carryaway拿走，使入迷clearaway清除掉，消散dieaway逐渐消失,减弱passaway去世washaway冲走takeaway拿走，使消失putaway收拾起来，存起来giveaway捐赠、分发wearaway磨掉，消耗breakaway摆脱 run away 逃走 go away 走开3．动词 +backcome\beback回来、记起lookback(on)回顾holdback控制住giveback归还callback回takeback拿回，收回4．动词+for gofor努力获取askfor要求得到waitfor等候standfor代表，表示longfor渴望hope/wishfor希望得到carefor关心，喜欢payfor支付、偿还searchfor查找lookfor寻找callfor需要，要求providefor 提供 change…for用……换charge…for收费，要价applyfor申请take…for误以为……是sendfor派人去请comefor来拿，来取5．动
初中英语常用词组复习 一、动词词组(包括短语动词)、介词词组和其他词组 (一) 由be构成的词组 2)be at home/work在家/上班 3)be good at善于，擅长于 4)be careful of当心，注意，仔细 7)be surprised (at)对??感到惊讶10)be on在进行，在上演，（灯）亮着 11) be able to do sth.能够做?? 12) be afraid of (to do sth. that?)恐怕?? 13) be angry with sb.生(某人)的气 14)be pleased (with)对??感到高兴(满意) 15)be famous for/ as 以??而著名/作为····而出名 16)be strict in (with) (对工作、对人)严格要求 20)be (well) worth doing (非常)值得做?? 21)be covered with被??所覆盖 ?? 22)be in (great) need of (很)需要 23)be in trouble处于困境中 24) be glad to do sth.很高兴做?? 25)be late for ??迟到 26)be made of (from)由??制成 27)be satisfied with对??感到满意 30)be busy doing (with)忙于做??(忙于??) (二)由come、do、get、give、go、have、help、keep、make、 look、put、set、send、take、turn、play等动词构成的词组 1. come 1)come back回来 2)come down下来 3)come in进入，进来 4)come on快，走吧，跟我来 5)come out出来 6)come out of从??出来7)come up上来 8)come from来自?? 2. do 9)do one's lessons/homework做功课/回家作业 11)do one's best尽力 12)do some shopping (cooking reading, cleaning)买东西(做饭菜，读点书，大扫除) 16)do well in在??某方面干得好 3. get 17)get up起身 20)get on (well) with get alone with与 ??相处(融洽) 24)get on/off上/下车 25)get to到达 4. give 27)give sb. a call给??打电话 30)give back归还，送回 31)give??some advice on给??一些忠告 33)give in屈服 34)give up放弃 5. go 38)go to the cinema看电影 39)go to bed睡觉(make the bed整理床铺) 40)go to school (college)上学(上大学) 42)go over过一遍，复习/ go over to朝 ??走去 47)go out for a walk外出散步 48)go on (doing)继续(做??) 49)go on with one's work继续某人的工作6. have 55)have a try试一试 56)have a good/wonderful time玩得很高兴60)have breakfast/lunch/supper吃早饭/午 饭/晚饭 64)have (have got) a headache头痛 65)have a fever发烧 66)have a cough (a cold)咳嗽(感冒) 67)have a look (at)看一看?? 68)have a rest (a break)休息一会儿(工间或 课间休息) 71)have sports进行体育锻炼 仅供学习与参考
名词+介词搭配
名词＋about concern about 关怀doubt about怀疑remark about 评论opinion about意见 名词＋for ability for能力charge for收费cure for医治excuse for借口love for爱necessity for所需要pity for惋惜 sorry for 惋惜talent for天才ambition for抱负anxiety for渴望desire for欲望hope for希望need for需要
occasion for时机reason for理由request for请求sympathy for同情 3.名词＋from absence from 缺席protection form保护difference from不同relief from解除 名词＋in confidence in 信任*faith in信仰improvement in改进point in有意义pride in自傲 *success in成功trust in信赖 *delight in欣喜difficulty in困难harm in 有害
increase in增长 *interest in 兴趣progress in有进步skill in技能 名词＋into research into研究 名词＋of advocate of提倡capability of有能力care of注意description of描述examination of检查example of例证intention of意图analyses of分析cause of起因consideration of考虑doubt of怀疑expectation of预期feeling of感觉
介词短语的固定搭配一，介词+名词（宾语） at at first 起初，开始at home 在家，无拘束at last 最后at present 现在 at school 在上课，在上学at work 上班，工作 at the moment 此刻at the same time 同时 on on duty 值日on foot 步行 on holiday 度假on sale 出售，降价出售 on time 准时on TV 在电视上播放 on the left 在左边on the phone 在电话中 on the radio 在广播中on the way 在路上 in in all 总体in bed 躺在床上in class 在课堂上in danger 在危险中 in English 用英语in fact 事实上 in short 总之in time 及时的 in a hurry 匆忙地in a minute 立刻，马上 in the end 最后 二，动词+介词 Arrive at /in 到达ask for 请求 get off 下车get up 起床 get in /on 上车go on 继续 help sb.with sth. laugh at 嘲笑 look after 照顾look at 看，注视 think of 想到wait for 等候。等 think over 仔细考虑 worry about 担心thank for 为….而感谢三，形容词+ 介词 be afraid of 害怕be proud of 感到自豪 be careful with 小心；关心be crazy about 酷爱 be interested in 对….感兴趣be late for 干某事迟到 be good at 善于be good for 对…有利四其他 by +交通工具by bus /train /plane /bike ….. lots of /a lot of 许多，大量at once 立即，马上 at most 至多at least 至少 in order to 为了in the front of
常用介词短语总结 一、近义介词短语辨析 1. 表示原因(通常在句中作状语) 1) because of:表示实际原因(表达一种较强的因果关系) 2) on account of:常用来引述逻辑、理性和事实因素 3) out of + 抽象名词:常用来引述心理、情感因素,如out of one’s own will(出于自愿) 4) owing / due to:着重把原因归于某事物,既可作状语又可作定语,due to还可以作后置定语,如:Mistakes due to carelessness may cause serious consequence. 由于粗心犯的错误也许会引起严重的后果。 5) thanks to:后面通常接表示积极意义的原因,意为"多亏,幸亏由于"。例句: He walked slowly because of his bad leg. 他腿不好,所以走得很慢。Michel and Billy, on account of their wide experiences in climbing, were voted leaders. 迈克尔与贝利由于有丰富的登山经验,被选为队长。
She did it out of sympathy. 她这样做是出于同情。 Most of the problems were owing/due to human errors. 大部分问题都是由于人为的错误造成的。 Thanks to your energy and intelligence, the development scheme has been finally realized. 多亏了你的精力和智慧,这项发展计划终于实现了。 2. 表示排除 1) with the exception of意义与except, except for相同,但比它们正式 2) apart from (=美式英语中的aside from)是个复合介词,既可表示"除……之外",相当于except (for), 又可以表示"除……之外,(还,也)"相当于besides。例句: They all passed the physics examination with the exception of Tom. 除汤姆外他们物理考试都及格了。 We had a smooth journey apart from(= except for) a flat tyre. 我们一路上很顺利,只是车胎漏了一次气。 Apart from(= besides) a flat tyre, we had broken brakes. 我们不但车胎漏了气,而且刹车也出了毛病。
1.名词与介词的搭配 N + about an agreement about 同意，一致concern about 担心；挂念 anxiety about 忧虑；担心information about (on) 关于……的信息，知识a complaint about 抱怨；叫屈 a talk about 谈话 Syn . a complaint of N + against an accusation against控告；谴责(a) protection against 保护，防保 a defence against 防护，保卫 a protest against抗议；反对 an insurance against 保险 a shield against 是防止……的保护物a prejudice against 偏见，成见 a prevention against 预防，防止 N + at (take) aim at 瞄准indignation at 愤怒；愤慨amazement at 惊愕；吃惊 a knock at 敲门声 anger at 生气；恼怒(take) a look at 看，注视annoyance at 恼怒，不高兴(take) offense at 因......而生气an attempt at 试图；努力embarrassment at 窘迫 shame at 羞耻，羞愧（感）gladness at 高兴 surprise at 惊奇，惊异(make) a guess at 猜测，估计happiness at 快乐，愉快，幸福 N + between a balance between 平衡 a difference between 差别 a choice between 选择余地；其它办法friction between 摩擦comparison between 比较harmony between 和谐；调和connection between 联系cooperation between 合作 N + for an admiration for 羡慕；赞赏 a match for 和……相比的人，对手an affection for 爱；爱情an apology for 道歉 necessity for 必要性；需要application for 申请 a need for 需要，需要的东西(make) an arrangement for 作安排an occasion for 时机；机会 a passion for 热情；爱好 an attraction for 吸引，招引 a plan for 计划，打算 blame for 责怪；责备(make) preparation for 为……作准备 cause for 理由readiness for 为……准备就绪 a cheque for 支票；（餐馆的）帐单 a reason for 理由；原因 a reputation for 名誉，声望compensation for 补偿；赔偿 a reservation for 定（票、座等）contempt for 轻蔑；藐视 a cure for 疗法；（治疗某种病的）药 a respect for 尊敬，尊重
名词词组和固定搭配 1.介词+名词 by accident 偶然 on account of 因为，由于，为了……的缘故in addition to 另外，加之 in addition 除…之外(还) in the air 流传中 on (the／an) average 按平均值，通常 on the basis of 根据，在…的基础上 at best 充其量，至多 for the better 好转，向好的方向发展 on board 在船(车或飞机)上 out of breath 喘不过气来 on business 因公，因事 in any case 无论如何，不管怎样 in case of 假如，如果发生；防备 in case 假使，以防(万一) in no case 决不，无论如何不 by chance 偶然，碰巧 in charge (of) 负责，管理 (a)round the lock 日夜不停地 in common 共用的，共有的 in conclusion 最后，总之 on condition (that) 如果 in consequence of 由于…的缘故，因为 on the contrary 正相反 in contrast with／to 与…对比起来，与…形成对比 out of control 失去控制 under control 处于控制之下at all cots 不惜任何代价，无论如何 at the cost of 以…为代价 in the course of 在…过程中，在…期间of course 当然，自然 in danger 在危险中，垂危 out of danger 脱离危险 out of date 过时的，不用的 up to date 现代化的，切合目前情况的 in demand 非常需要的，受欢迎的 in debt 欠债，负债 in detail 详细他 in difficulties 处境困难 in the distance 在远处 off duty 下了班(的)，不在值班(的) on duty 在上班(的)，在值班(的) on earth 究竟，到底 at all events 无论如何，不管怎样 in any event 无论如何，不管怎样 in the event of 万一，倘若 for example 例如 in the face of 在…面前；不顾 in fact 其实，实际上 in favo(u)r of 赞同，支持 on fire 着火，起火 on foot 步行 in force 生效，有效；在实施中；大量的in front of 在…面前，在…前面 in future 今后，从今以后 in the future 在将来 in general 一般说来，大体上
初中英语常用介词短语 1)at once 立刻 2)at last 最后 3)at first 起先,首先 4)at the age of -.. 在.… …岁时 5)at the end of -.. 在.… …之末 6)at the begi nning of …在……之初 7)at the foot of … 在… ?…脚下 8)at the same time 同时 9)at ni ght/noon 在夜里/中午 10)with on e's help 在某人的帮助下，由于某人的帮助 11) with the help of … 在....... 的帮助下 12) with a smile 面带笑容 13) with on e's own eyes 亲眼看见 14) after a while 过了一会儿 15) from now on 从现在起 16) from then on 从那时起 17) far example 例如 18) far away from 远离 19) from morni ng till ni ght 从早至U 晚20) by and by 不久 21) by air mail 寄航空邮件 22) by bike/air/trai n/bus 骑自行车/乘飞机/火车/汽车 23)by ordinary mail 寄平信 24)by the way 顺便说 25)by the win dow 在窗边 26)by the end of …到 .. 底为止 27)little by little 逐渐地 28)in all 总共 29)in fact 事实上 30)i n on e's twen ties 在某人一十几岁时 31)in a hurry 匆忙 32)in the middle of 在…中间 33)i n no time (in a mi nu te) 立刻, 很快 34)in time (on time) 及时 35)i n public 公众，公开地 36)in order to 为了 37)in front of 在……前面 38)in the sun 在阳光下 39)in the end 最后，终于 40) in surprise 惊奇地
介词短语及固定搭配 1.表示时间的介词： at ：用于表示时刻，时间的某一点。 on: 用于星期，某天，某一天的上午，下午，晚上（指具体的某一天时，一律用on in: 用于表示周，月，季节，年，泛指上午，下午，晚上 before : 在 ...之前 after : 在 ...之后 by: 在 ....前（时间）截止（到）... until（till）：直到.....为止 for ：达 ...之久（表示过了多少时间） during ：在 ....期间 through ：一直 .. （从开始到结束） from ：从 ...起（时间） since:自从...以来（表示从以前某时一直到现在仍在继续） in ：过 ...后（未来时间） within：不超过...的范围 2.表示场所，方向的介词： at : 在某地点（表示比较狭窄的场所） in : 在某地（表示比较宽敞的场所） on: 在 ...上面，有接触面 above：在 ...上方 over ：在 ...正上方，是under 的反义词 under ：在 .. 下面，在 ...之内 below : 在 ...下方（不一定是正下方） near ：近的，不远的 by: 在 ...的旁边，比near 的距离要近
between ：在两者之间 among：在三者或者更多的之中 around ：环绕，在 ...的周围，在....的四周 in front of: 在 ...的前面 behind ：在 ...后边 in ：在 .. 之内，用于表示静止的位置 into ：进入 out of :和into一样，也表示有一定的运动方向 along ：沿着 across ：横过（平面物体） through ：贯通，通过 to : 达到 .. 地点（目的地）或方向 for ：表示目的，为了..... from ：从 ...地点起 3.其他介词 with ：和 .. 在一起；具有，带有；用某种工具或方法 in ：表示用什么材料（例如：墨水，铅笔等）或用什么语言。表示衣着. 声调特点时，不用with 而用 in 。 by: 通过 ...方法，手段 of: ( 属于） ...的，表示...的数量或种类 from ：来自（某地，某人），以 ...起始 without：没有，是with的反义词 like : 像...一样 as : 作为；担任；当... ...时 against ：反对，靠着 about ：关于，各处，四周；询问某人，某物的情况或提出建议 4.介词和各类词搭配构成的介词短语
高考英语常用介词短语和固定搭配一．相近介词和介词短语 1. With the help of 在～～帮助下 under the leadership / care of 在～～领导／关心下2. be strict with sb. 对～人要求严格 be strict in sth. 对～事要求严格 3. at present=at the present time 目前 for the present 暂时 4. in the sun/sunshine 在阳光下 under the sun 在世界上 5. lie in 位于～～之内 lie on 同～～接壤 lie to 位于～～之外 6. at least 至少 in the least 丝毫，一点 7. by name 名叫 in the name of 以～～名义 8. in the air 空中，在流传 on the air 播出 9. in the way 挡路，障碍，用～～方法 in a way 在某点上，在某种程度上 get one’s own way to do 随心所欲 give way 让步，屈服 lose one’s way 迷路 by the way 顺便说一下
on one’s way to 在去～～的路上 Come this way 这边走 10. at the corner 在拐角处（外角） in the corner 在角落里（内角） on the corner 在角落上（外角上） 11. judge by / from 根据～～来判断 judge for oneself 由某人自己来判断 12. at the end (of) 在～～结束时 at the beginning of 在～～开始时 at the back of 在～～背后，支持 at the age of ～～岁时 at the foot of 在～～脚下 at the bottom of 在～～底部 at the top of 在～～顶上 at/on the edge of 在～～边上 13. in the course of 在～～过程中 in the eyes of 从～～观点看来，在～～眼里 in the face of 面对～～，尽管，纵使 in the middle of 在～～中间 in the end =at last=finally 最后 14. on the eve of 在～～前夕 on the side of 在～～一边 15. after a time = after some time 过一段时间后for a time = for some time 一时，有一段时间
常见名词和介词搭配短语 1.absence from 缺席，不在如： His long absence from work delayed his promotion. 他长期不上班，耽误了提升。 2. absence of 缺乏如： In the absence of my commanding officer, I acted on my own initiative. 指挥官不在场，我主动见机行事。 In the absence of their teacher the class was in a state of anarchy. 教师不在，班上一片混乱。 3. access to ……的入口，通路如： The only access to the farmhouse is across the fields. 要到那农舍去唯有穿过田地。 She was forbidden access to the club. 人家不允许她到那个俱乐部去。 4. acquaintance with 相识，了解如： I have only a nodding acquaintance with Japanese.
我对日语仅略知一二。 The guide has some acquaintance with Italian. 导游懂得一点意大利语。 5. action on sth 对……的作用如： evidences of glacial action on the rocks 岩石上的冰河留下的痕迹 6. addition to sth 增加如： She is a beautiful addition to the family. 她是我们家漂亮的新成员。 Can we finance the addition to our home? 我们可以为你提供经费。 7. admission to /into 进入；入(场，学，会等)如： How does one gain admission to the Buckingham Palace? 怎样才能获准进入白金汉宫？ Admission to British universities depends on examination results. 英国大学入学以考试成绩为凭。 8. admission of sth 承认如： His admission of guilt surprised everyone.
介词短语在句中的用法和判别 一、介词和介词短语的形式 介词的形式可以是单个的词，如 at, in, by, of 等；也可以由几个词组成，如 out of（出自；在…外），instead of（代替；而不是），because of（由于），in spite of（尽管），by means of（借助于）等；还可以由某些动词的分词形式转化成介词，如 considering（考虑到），including（包括），regarding（关于）等。 介词不能独立担任句子成分，而必须与名词、代词、数词、动名词构成介词短语，有时还可以把副词、介词短语、复合结构和从句作为介词的宾语（参阅第138节宾语例 10～14 等）。兹举例如下： 1.They are friends of the Chinese people. 他们是中国人民的朋友。（介词+名 词） 2.Everything around us is matter. 我们周围的每个东西都是物质。（介词+代 词） 3.Everything divides into two. 事物都是一分为二的。（介词+数词） 4.They work at the instruments factory near here. 他们在这里附近的仪表厂工 作。（介词+副词。本结构详见第140、一。） 5.After reading the book, I got to know something about internet phones. 把这本书 读完之后，我开始对因特网有所了解。（介词+动名词短语） 6.It is understood that this machine is out of action. 不用说，这台机器坏了。 （复合介词+名词） 7.The effects vary from (being) negligible, if below the concentration range, to deadly if above. 如果低于该浓度围，效果是微不足道的；如果高于该围，则 效果是致命的。（介词+动名词短语。注意from和 to 之间插入条件从句， 并且有省略成份。） 8.With water transformed into steam, the locomotive gains a motive force. （等于 As water is transformed into steam,…）随着水变成蒸汽，机车获得了动力。 （介词+复合结构） 9.She is well-qualified in typing and very efficient at her work. 她打字完全合格并 且工作十分有效。（介词+动名词或名词） 10.John is slow at understanding, but you have to be patient with him. 约翰理解 慢，但你得耐心对待他。（同上） 11.a. She is angry with her child. 她跟她的孩子生气。（介词+名词） b. She is angry about her child staying out so late. 她对她的小孩在外逗留那么 晚感到生气。（about 接一个复合结构。） c. They were angry at being asked such a question. 他们对被提问这样一个问题 而感到生气。（at 接一个被动态的动名词短语。）
1、介词+名词 by accident 偶然 on account of 因为，由于 in addition 另外 in addition to 除……之外 in the air 在流行中，在传播中 on (the/an)average 平均，一般来说 on the basis of 根据，在……的基础上 at (the)best 充其量，至多 for the better 好转，改善 on board 在船(车、飞机)上 out of breath 喘不过气来 on business 因公，因事 in any case 无论如何，总之 in case of 假使，万一 in case 假使，以防(万一)免得 in no case 决不 by chance 偶然，碰巧 in charge (of)负责，主管 (a)round the clock 昼夜不集地 in common 共用，共有，共同 in conclusion 最后，总之 on cond0ition that 在……条件下 in confidence 信任 in connection with/to 关于 in consequence 因此，结果 in consequence of 由于……的缘故 on the contrary 反之，正相反 in contrast with/to 与……成对照 out of control 失去控制 under control 被控制住 at all costs 不惜任何代价 at the cost of 以……为代价 in the course of 在……过程中，在……期间of course 当然，自然 in danger 在危险中，垂危 out of danger 脱离危险
介词短语 一、介词和动词的固定搭配： ①、同一动词和不同介词的搭配： look at (看)look for (寻找)look after (照顾)look over (检查)look (a)round (环视)arrive in +大地方(到达) arrive at+小地方(到达) hear of (听说) hear from (收到……的来信)spend +钱+on sth (花钱做某事) spend+时间+(in) doing sth. (花时间做某事) ②、同一介词和不同动词的搭配： ask for (要求) leave for (动身去) send for (派人去请) pay for (付钱) wait for (等待) agree with sb (同意某人) begin with (以……开始) help with (在……方面帮助) catch up with (赶上) get on / along with (与……相处) make friends with (与……交朋友) play with (玩……) ③、其它的介词和动词的搭配： listen to (听)come from (来自……) fall off (从……上摔下) try out (试验) knock at / on (敲) prefer…to… (比起……来还是……好) learn by oneself (自学) take care of (照顾) stop…(from) doing (阻止……做某事) help oneself to+食物(随便吃……) fill…with… (在……里装满/充满) laugh at (嘲笑) worry about (为……担心) write to (写信给……) try on (试穿、试戴) 二、介词和形容词的常见搭配： be good at =do well in (在……方面好) be weak in (在……方面差) be good for (对…有益) be bad for (对……有害) be late for (迟到) be sorry for (为……遗憾，抱歉) be
常见的英语介词短语搭配 英语短语在字典中一般是黑体字，英语搭配同短语相比不是那么固定，比较活，使用的频率比较高，下面是笔者总结了常见英语介词短语搭配，为了便于比较和记忆，也包括了一些固定的介词短语。 1 WITH (1)v+with (a) v+with begin, mix, agree, deal, fight, meet, play, quarrel, do, fool, reason, correspond, comply, settle, (b) v + sth (sb) + with + sth (sb) compare, provide, supply, feed, replace, combine, equip, furnish, (2)adj+with angry, strict, pleased, busy, covered, satisfied, filled, wrong, wild, crowded, connected, popular, covered, patient, annoyed, acquainted, delighted, confronted, content, friendly, identical, frank, concerned, bored, afflicted, associated, blended, burdened, comparable, consistent, disappointed, displeased, endowed, enraged, exhausted, familiar, gifted, impatient, infested, intimate, irritated, level, moved, occupied, overcome, popular, satisfied, vexed (3) n+with acquaintance, alliance, trouble, talk, chat, connection, consultation, conversation, sympathy, 2 AT (1)v+at aim, point, snatch, wonder, strike, work, look, glance, laugh, run, catch, shoot, stare, glare, thrust, smile, call, fire, tear, knock, winder, arrive, come, gasp, (2)adj+at amused, delighted, angry, good, surprised, astonished, pleased, terrified, clever, alarmed, astonished, clumsy, disgusted, impatient, quick, startled, surprised, (3)n+at knock, pull, look, glance, smile, game, astonishment, surprise, alarm, 3 IN (1)v+in get, lie, turn, draw, believe, share, take, drop, give, call, hand, succeed, bring, result, trade, involve, check, count, cut, indulge, pour, participate, intervene, fill,join, confide, trust, believe, persist, consist, (b) V+sb(sth)+in help, spend (2)adj+in rich, interested, active, disappointed, engaged, busy, weak, expert, successful, absorbed, skilled, concerned, experienced, confident, employed,accurate, clothed, diligent, negligent, proficient, prompt, versed, (3)n+in interest, progress, satisfaction, faith, belief, confidence, response, pride, perseverance, harm,