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五年级英语阶段测试卷上听力原文

五年级英语阶段测试卷上听力原文
五年级英语阶段测试卷上听力原文

小学英语五年级(上)阶段测试卷听力原文(一起)

Ⅰ. 听音选单词,将单词的序号写在括号内。(本题共10小题,每小题1分,共10分)

1.There are some benches here now.

2.Then let’s feed the birds.

3.Amy’s blue skirt is wet and dirty.

4.They sell different things.

5.It’s an invitation ty birthday party.

6.After lunch they are going to tell stories.

7.Easter is in spring in the U.

8.Children wear scary hats and masks.

9.hat a big supermarket.

10.let me help you put the bags in the car.

Ⅱ.听音给图标序号.(本题共5小题,每小题2分,共10分)

1.I’m going to be 11.

2.She’s going to play basketball.

3.Tod ay is Halloween.

4.This bag is heavy.I can’t carry it.

5.Easter is in spring in the U.

Ⅲ.听问句选答语,将其序号填在括号内。(本题5小题, 每题2分,共10分)

1.Does London look different now?

2.hat are we going to do after lunch?[]

3.hat do people give children at Easter?

4.hen is the id-Autumn Festival?

5.as there a clock here before?

Ⅵ. 听音用数字(1,2,3,4,5)给句子排序。(本题共5小题,每小题2分,共10分)

Sam is going to b e 14 on Sunday. He wants Lingling to go to his party.. He lives at 15 hongshan Road ,Dalin. His mum will make a cake for him.The party will begin at 2 o’clock and end at 4 o’clock。After party they’re going to tidy up. And then th ey are going to tell stories

第Ⅱ卷(非选择题共52 分)

二、实验题(本题有2 小题,共15 分,请将答案写在题中

的横线

上)

13.(5 分)如图为包含某逻辑电路的一个简单电路图,L 为小灯

泡.光照射电阻R′时,其阻值将变得远小于R. 该逻辑电路是

(填“与”或“非”)门电路.当电阻R′受到光照时小灯泡L

将(填“发光”或“不发光”).

【解析】由电路图可知,该逻辑电路为非门电路;当电阻R′

受到光照时,R′的阻值减小,从而使R 两端的电压升高,即

A 点的

电势降低,经过非门逻辑电路后,使灯泡两端获得了高电压,因此灯

泡将会发光.

【答案】非发光

14.(10 分)如图所示是小明设计的一种自动测定水箱内水位的装

置,R 是一种滑动变阻器,它的金属滑片是杠杆的一端,从水位表指

针所指的刻度就可知道水箱内水位的高低,从图中可知:水位表是由

改装而成.当水面上升时,滑片,滑动变阻器连入电路电阻,电流,水量表示数.

【解析】本题利用滑动变阻器滑片改变电阻,进一步改变电压,达到控制水位的目的.

【答案】电流表向下移变小变大变大

三、计算题(本题有3 小题,共37 分,解答应写出必要的文字说明﹑方程式和重要的演算步骤,只写出最后答案的不能得分,有数值

计算的题,答案中必须明确写出数值和单位)

15.(10 分)车床在工作时是不允许将手随便接近飞转的工件的,为了防止万一,设计了下面的光电自动控制安全电路,只要人手不小

心靠近了工件,机器就自动停转,请简述其工作原理.图中的A 为车

床上的电动机;B 为随电动机高速转动的工件;C 为光源,它发出的光照在光敏电阻D 上;E为电磁铁;F为衔铁;G为电源;H为弹簧.

【答案】 当手在C 、D 间靠近工件时,遮挡住射向光敏电阻的

光,光敏电阻的阻值迅速变大,电路中的电流减小,使电磁铁磁性减

弱从而放开衔接,造成电动机断路,使工件停转以保证安全.

16.(13 分)

如图所示为检测某传感器的电路图.传感器上标有“3 V,0.9 W”

的字样(传感器可看做一个纯电阻),滑动变阻器 R 上标有“10 Ω,1 A ”

的字样,电流表的量程为 0.6 A ,电压表的量程为 3 V .求:

(1) 传感器的电阻和额定电流.

(2) 为了确保电路各部分的安全,在 a 、b 之间所加的电源电压最

大值是多少?

【解析】 (1)R 传=U 2 /P 传=10 Ω,

I 传=P 传/U 传=0.3 A

(2)最大电流 I =I 传=0.3 A ,

电源电压最大值

U m=U 传+U,U 传为传感器的额定电压,

U为R m=10 Ω时R两端的电压,

即U=I 传·R m=0.3×10 V=3 V,

未超过电压表量程,

所以U m=U 传+U=3 V+3 V=6 V.

【答案】(1)10 Ω0.3 A (2)6 V

17.(14 分)

在航天事业中要用角速度计测得航天器的自转角速度ω,结构如图所示,当系统绕轴OO′转动时元件A 在光滑杆上发生滑动,并输出电信号成为航天器的制导信号源,已知A 质量为m,弹簧的劲度系数为k,原长为l,电源电动势为E,内阻不计,滑动变阻器总长为l,

电阻分布均匀,系统静止时滑动变阻器触头P 在中点,与固定接头Q 正对,当系统以角速度ω 转动时,求:

(1)弹簧形变量x 与ω的关系式.

(2)电压表示数U 与角速度ω的关系式.

【解析】(1)由圆周运动规律知kx=mω2R=mω2(l+

即kx-mω2x=

所以x=

k-mω2

mω2l

(2)由串联电路的规律

U=

l E=

l x mω2l E

k-

.

【答案】(1)x=k-

mω2

mω2l

mω2l E

(2)U=

l k-

mω2

6.1 传感器及其工作原理

课时作业

基础达标

1.下列说法正确的是( )

A.传感器担负着信息采集的任务

B.干簧管是一种磁传感器

C.传感器不是电视遥控接收器的主要元件

D.传感器是力、温度、光、声、化学成分转换为电信号的主要

工具

【解析】传感器是将力、温度、光、声、化学成分等非电学量

转换为电学量的主要工具,在转换过程中,传感器担负着信息采集的

任务,故A、D 正确;干簧管是一种利用软磁性材料制成的磁传感器,

故B 正确;电视遥控接收器的主要元件是光电传感器,因此C 错误.【答案】ABD

2.有一电学元件,温度升高时电阻却大幅度减小,则这种元件可

能是( )

A.金属导体B.绝缘体

C.半导体D.超导体

【解析】上述材料中只有半导体的电阻随温度升高而减少.故选C.

【答案】C

3.如图所示,截面为矩形的金属导体,放在磁场中,当导体中通

有电流时,导体的上下表面

的电势有什么关系( )

A.U M>U N

B.U M=U N

C.U M<U N

D.无法判断

【解析】霍尔效应形成的原因是因为带电粒子在磁场中受到洛伦兹力作用,做定向移动形成的.根据左手定则,电子受到向下的洛伦兹力作用,向N 板运动,则M 板剩下正电荷,所以U M>U N.

【答案】A

4.

如图所示,R、R为定值电阻,L 为小灯泡,R为光敏电阻,当

照射光强度增大时( )

A.电压表的示数增大

B.R中电流减小

C.小灯泡的功率增大

D.电路的路端电压降低

【解析】照射光照强度增大时,R变小,R、L 与R的并联电阻变小,因为I=E/(r+R+R 并),所以I 变大,因此电压表示数变大,

A 正确;又U 外=E-Ir,I 变大,所以路端电压降低,D 正确;并联电路电压变小,流过R的电流减小,

B 正确;总电流增大,所以流过

L 和R的电流增大,小灯泡的功率增大,C 正确.

【答案】ABCD

5.关于干簧管,下列说法正确的是( )

A.干簧管接入电路中相当于电阻的作用

B.干簧管是根据热胀冷缩的原理制成的

C.干簧管接入电路中相当于开关的作用

D.干簧管是作为电控元件以实现自动控制的

【解析】干簧管在电路中起到开关的作用,故C 选项正确,A 选项错误;干簧管是感知磁场信息的元件,故B、D 选项错误.【答案】C

6.

如图所示是电容式话筒的示意图,它是利用电容制作的传感器,话筒的振动膜前面有薄薄的金属层,膜后距膜几十微米处有一金属板,振动膜上的金属层和这个金属板构成电容器的两极,在两极间加一电

压U,人对着话筒说话时,振动膜前后振动,使电容发生变化,声音

信号被话筒转换为电信号,其中导致电容变化的原因可能是电容器两

板间的( )

A.距离变化B.正对面积变化

C.介质变化D.电压变化

【解析】C=

εr S

,在声音信号转换为电信号过程中介电常数ε4kπd r

没变,正对面积S 未变.振动膜前后振动,使振动膜上的金属层与金

属板间的距离发生变化,从而将声音信号转换为电信号,故A 选项正确.

【答案】A

7.有一些星级宾馆的洗手间装有自动干手机,洗手后将湿手靠近,机内的传感器就开通电热器加热,有热空气从机内喷出,将湿手烘干,手靠近干手机能使传感器工作,是因为( )

A.改变湿度B.改变温度

C.改变磁场D.改变电容

【解析】根据自动干手机工作的特征,手靠近干手机电热器工作,手撤离后电热器停止工作,人是一种导体,可以与其他导体构成

电容器.手靠近时相当于连接一个电容器,可以确定干手机内设有电

容式传感器,由于手的靠近改变了电容大小,故D 正确;用湿度和温

度来驱动电热器工作,理论上可行,但是假如干手机是由于温度、湿

度的变化工作就成了室内烘干机.

【答案】D

8.

如图所示是一火警报警器的一部分电路示意图,其中R为用半导

体热敏材料制成的传感器,电流表为值班室的显示器,a、b 之间接报警器.当传感器R所在处出现火情时,显示器的电流I、报警器两端

的电压U 的变化情况是( )

A.I变大,U 变大B.I变小,U 变小

C.I变小,U 变大D.I变大,U 变小

【解析】抓住半导体热敏特性即电阻随温度升高而减小,再用电路动态变化的分析思路,按局部→整体→局部进行.当传感器R处

出现火情时,温度升高,电阻减小,电路的总电阻减小,总电流I 增大,路端电压U=U=E-Ir 减小,I(r+R)增大,U 并=E-I(r+R)减小,通过R的电流I减小,通过R的电流I=I-I增大,D 对.【答案】D

9.夜晚,楼梯上漆黑一片,但随着我们的脚步声响,楼梯灯亮了;

我们登上一层楼,灯光照亮一层楼,而身后的灯则依次熄灭,这种楼

梯灯好像能“听到”我们的到来,能“看见”我们的离去,之所以能

如此,是因为电路中安装了光声控延时开关,探究这种开关有什么转

换器件.

【解析】打开光声控开关,内部构造如图.

光声控延时开关中安装有光敏感元件,用于感知外界光线的强

弱.还安装有声敏感元件用于感知外界声响.当白天外界光线较强时,

光声控制延时开关总处于断开状态,灯不亮;当夜晚光线较弱且有声

响时光声控延时开关处于导通状态,灯亮,延时一段时间后,开关断

开,灯熄灭.

【答案】见解析

能力提升

1.如图所示,R是光敏电阻,当开关S 闭合后在没有光照射时,

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