概括主旨大意题型：两个要点：
2011 海淀一模
Are you a twin? And if so, are you a “double” too? Then Ohio, the United States is the place
for you to be for an August weekend of twin fun. Every year, in August,
twins from all over the world get together in Ohio, for a special
day--t he Twins Day Festival offered to twins and for a weekend of
socializing, celebration and fun.
The Tw ins Day Festival at Twinsburg is the world?s largest
gathering of twins every year.It?s a big club-like event in which twins
and their parents come to this small town.
The first Twins Day Festival was held in 1976 with only 37 pairs
of twins. That year, the United States celebrated 200 years of independence, and then a group of people decided to set a day for twins. The directors did not want the festival to be a one-off celebration. So the next year, they planned it better and made sure that the festival continued at the same place. Since then, this festival has been held without fail, drawing twins from every corner of the world.
However, there used to be heated arguments whether Twins Day should be only a local celebration or a festival for children of multiple births. In 1979, the festival went international with two sets of twins arriving from Lebanon and Poland. In the same year, the Twins Day Committee was formed as a non-profit organization.
Today, the Twins Day Festival attracts 2,736 pairs of twins from every state in the USA and others from all over the world, from baby twins to people in their eighties and nineties!
65. Is the Twins Day Festival held in August every year?
66. Where is the world?s largest gathering of twins held?
67. Why did the directors plan the festival better the next year?
68. When did the festival go international?
69. What are the main points about the Twins Day Festival in this passage?
答案：
65. Yes. / Yes, it is.
66. At Twinsburg.
67. Because they did not want the festival to be a one-off celebration.
68. In 1979.
69. What the Twins Day Festival is and how it has developed.
Peer pressure (同伴压力) can come to you in many shapes and sizes. We feel it from our peers to do certain things, dress certain ways, use certain words, eat certain foods, and on and on. No matter how old you are, there will always be peer pressure, but it can be a problem in high school. Though peer pressure can sometimes result in positive (积极的) results, usually it is used to describe a negative (消极的) influence.
Give in to Peer Pressure
Although everyone will probably give in to peer pressure at some time in their lives. Unluckily, there are people who are more likely to give in to negative peer pressure. They are the ones who show:
●Little or no self-confidence
●Loneliness
Common Activities Connected with Peer Pressure
The activities that your peers may pressure you to do are:
●Putting off school work to have fun
●Allowing others to cheat by copying your homework or exams
●Drinking and smoking
●Teasing (嘲弄) or bullying (欺侮) others
Defeating Peer Pressure
It takes courage! You need to develop the self-confidence, self-acceptance and self-love that will allow you to stay comfortable with your dreams and interests. The following suggestions can be helpful:
●Join groups whose members believe in the same things as you.
●Develop friendships with people who do not pressure you.
●Think about where you stand on issues so that you can give your own opinion.
●Discuss your opinions and future plans with your parents in order to get support.
Unfortunately, dealing with peer pressure seems to be part of being a teenager. Know yourself, love yourself and be yourself, and don't let anyone tell you differently!
65. Does peer pressure have negative influence?
66. What kind of teenagers is most likely to give in to peer pressure?
67. Will the negative pressure lead you to study harder or drink and smoke?
68. Why is it better for teenagers to talk to their parents?
69. What does the passage mainly talk about?
答案：
65. Yes.
66. They have no confidence and feel lonely.
67. Drink and smoke.
68. Because they can get support from their parents.
69. What peer pressure is and how teenagers can defeat it.
Phys ed (physical education) is making a comeback, but with a difference. The new way is to teach skills that are useful beyond gym class, like lifting weights, balancing their diets and building physical endurance（耐力）.
Considering that 15% of American children 6 to 18 are overweight, supporters say more money and thought must be put into phys ed curriculum. In many cases, that may mean not just replacing the old gym-class model with fitness programs but also starting up phys ed programs because school boards（教育委员会）often “cut P.E. completely or decrease（减少）its teachers or the days it is offered,” says Alicia Moag-Stahlberg, the director of Action for Health Kids. The difference in phys ed programs is its short of a national standard.
The wisdom of the new idea has some scientific support. Researchers at the University of Wisconsin have showed how successful the fit-for-life model of gym class can be. They observed how 50 overweight children lost more weight when they cycled and skied cross-country than when they played sports. The researchers have also found that teaching group sports like football results in less overall（全体的）movement, partly because the students who are unwilling to do may sit on the bench.
Another problem with simply teaching group sports in gym class is that only a small part of students continue playing them after finishing their high school. The new method teaches skills that translate to adulthood, which means kids are given skills and experiences so they can lead a physically active life in their future.
65. Is the new Phys ed program different from the one before?
66. What does the new P.E. program teach the students?
67. According to the passage, what do some school boards do with P.E?
68. What are the problems with simply teaching group sports?
69. What?s the passage mainly about?
答案：
65. Yes. / Yes, it is.
66. Some skills that are useful beyond gym class.
67. Cut it completely or decrease its teachers or time / days.
68. Less overall movement and only a small part of students continue playing them after
finishing their high school.
69. What the new Phys ed program is about and its value to the students.
Confidence is very important in daily life. It can help you to develop a healthy attitude （态度）. A study shows that the people who are more confident are much happier. They can have more chance to make themselves successful. But how to be more confident? Here are some suggestions: ·Speak loud When you are not confident, you can't do well what you want to do. You speak in a voice so low that other people can hardly hear you. Try to speak loud enough so that people can hear you clearly. The high voice can help you become more confident.
·Play sports Physical exercise makes you tired but completely relaxed. A strong body helps you be full of confidence.
·Encourage yourself Write down a list of things you did during the day to see how many things you have done well. Did you finish your homework? Did you tell a joke that made everybody laugh? Give yourself praise for the good things you've done.
·Get rid of fear Fear comes along with failure. But it's easy to overcome （克服）if you know that failure is part of your life. Don't hide your head just because you said something stupid last time. Try to start again and believe you can do better.
·Pick up a hobby If you like singing, sing as much as you can. In some ways, a hobby can make you outstanding. And it will make you happy and confident.
65．Is confidence very important in our daily life?
66．How many suggestions can you get from the passage?
67．Which can help you to be more confident, to speak in low voice or in loud voice?
68．How Can you encourage yourself?·
69．What …s the main point of this passage?
答案：
65．Yes.
66．Five suggestions．／5．
67．To speak in a loud voice.
68．Give yourself praise for the good things you?ve done.
69．Confidence is very important in daily life and how to be more confident.
Freda Bright says, "Only in opera（戏剧）do people die of love." It's true. You really can't love somebody to death. I've known people to die from no love, but I've never known anyone to be loved to death. We just can't love one another enough.
A heart-warming story tells of a woman who finally decided to ask her boss for a raise in payment. All day she felt nervous and uneasy. Late in the afternoon she collected the courage to approach her employer. To her joy, the boss agreed to a raise. The woman arrived home that evening to a beautiful table set with their best dishes. Candles were softly glowing. Her husband had come home early and prepared a festive meal. She wondered if someone from the office had told him the news, or... did he just somehow know that she would not get turned down?
She found him in the kitchen and told him the good news. They held each other in arms and kissed, then sat down to the wonderful meal. Next to her plate the woman found a beautifully lettered note. It read, "Congratulations, darling! I knew you'd get the raise! These things will tell you how much I love you."
Following the supper, her husband went into the kitchen to clean up. She noticed that a second card had fallen from his pocket. Picking it off the floor, she read, "Don't worry about not getting the raise! You are good enough for it anyway! These things will tell you how much I love you."
Someone has said that the measure(尺度) of love is when you love without measure. What this man feels for his wife is total acceptance and love, whether she succeeds or fails. His love celebrates her victories and cares for her wounds. He stands with her, no matter what life throws in their direction.
Upon receiving the Nobel Peace Prize, Mother Teresa said, "What can you do to promote world peace? Go home and love your family." And love your friends. Love them without measure.
65. Can we love one another enough?
66. Did the woman get raised or not?
67. How many cards did the husband make for his wife?
68. What did the husband feel for his wife?
69. What?s the passage mainly about?
答案：
65. No, we can?t. /No.66. She got raised.
67. Two. /2. 68. Total acceptance and love.
69. What true love is and the measure of love.
THE KING'S SPEECH---OSCAR WINNER
2011
A lot of stories are about friendship and courage.
They have been told in many different ways. It is
just something that people need to be told from
time to time that perhaps people would grow bored of it.Well, director Tom Hooper?s The King’s Speech,a historical movie about the British royal family, won the Oscar on 27th, February, 2011. The movie tells about the true story of a King George VI and it also tells the story of a friendship between the king and his doctor. They find something special about the word “courage”.
Just as the name of the movie, the story was simple but moving. Maybe The King?s Speech is just an ordinary story, though it won the Oscar. Throughout the honored movies in Oscar?s these years, it?s not difficult to find out that they seldom follow a traditional Hollywood way. T he traditional way of Hollywood means shiny actors, famous director, a lot of money, 3D technology or something else.
With the development of technology, our native movies prefer to follow the traditional Hollywood way. But the results were the decrease of the good comments(评论). What can we learn from that? The standard(标准) for a good movie is not how well- known the actor is, how famous the director is, or how eye-catching the usage of the special skills are, but the connotation(内涵) or the theme the movie includes!
65. Is The King’s Speech about friendship and courage?
66. When did The King’s Speech win the Oscar?
67. What does the traditional way of Hollywood mean?
68. Which is more important to a good movie, famous actor or the theme the movie includes?
69. What is the passage mainly about?
答案：
65. Yes, it is.
66. On 27th, February, 2011.
67. Shiny actors, famous director, a lot of money, 3D technology or something else.
68. The theme the film includes.
69.The introduction about The King?s Speech and what is a good movie/ what makes a good
movie/a good movie should include the connotation or the theme.
Electronic devices（装置）are changing the way people listen to music. But studies show the devices may be causing hearing loss（丧失）in many people. Some experts say people may be playing them too loud and for too long.
Researchers did a study with three hundred high school students and one thousand adults. They were asked about their use of music devices. 40% students and adults said they set the sound levels at high on their players. But students were two times more likely to play the music at a very loud volume（音量）. More than half of the students said they would probably not control their listening time.
The study found that more than half of the students and less than 40% adults had at least one kind of hearing loss. Some reported difficulty hearing parts of a discussion between two people. Others said they had to raise volume controls on a television or radio to hear it better. And, some experienced ringing in their ears or other noises.
Hearing experts say part of the problem is the listening devices people are using. They say large earphones that cover the whole ear are probably safer than the smaller earbuds（耳塞）that come with most music players. Hearing loss may not be obvious for years, however, once it happens, there is few chance of getting well for ever. About thirty million Americans have some hearing loss. One third of them lost their hearing as a result of loud noises.
The American Speech-Language-Hearing Association is working on setting rules for use of music devices. The group says the best way to protect your hearing is to turn down the player, control listening time and use earphones that prevent foreign noises.
65. May electronic devices cause hearing loss according to the studies?
66. Which is safer for people to use, large earphones or small earbuds?
67. What trouble may happen to person if people have hearing loss?
68. How many ways are mentioned in the passage about protecting hearing?
69. What is the passage mainly about?
答案：
65. Yes. / Yes, they may.
66. Large earphones.
67. There is few chance of getting well for ever.
68. Three.
69. Causes of hearing loss by music devices and the ways to protect our hearing.
The Big Mac, the most famous hamburgr ien the world, had its 30th birthday in 1998. A Big Mac is a round piece of ground beef with pickle, ketchup and mayonnaise in a bun. That?s all. But as much as 1% of the world?s beef ends up in McDonald?s hamburgers.
How did the business start? Two brothers, Dick and Mac McDonald opened their first fast-food restaurant in 1940 in the USA. Their business quickly became successful, and the golden arches that they placed on the roof of their restaurants were soon a common sight all over the USA.
In 1955 they sold their business, which then grew and grew until it had reached 111 countries. Today there are over 23,000 restaurants and at one time a new one was opening somewhere in the world every three hours. Young people in the west know all about McDonald?s. They eat there and possibly their parents used to take them there for their birthday parties. However, there is not the only hamburger business that is doing well. Wendy?s and Burger King are two businesses that in the late 1990s were even more successful.
Tina, a 19-year-old, who is studying chemistry after leaving high school said, “It?s OK. The work is really simple. You cook the beef, prepare the hamburgers, cook the French fries and serve the customers. McDonald?s has a good training programme and the work is really easy to learn. The money?s not great. You get free meals, That?s good.” Also, you can work part-time there. Most of the restaurant staff work part-time. I study during the day, when I?m most awake. Then I work at the restaurant three evenings a week when I?m tired and hungry. I finish work at about eleven thirty, which isn?t too late, eat something and then go home.”
65. Did the Big Mac have its 30th birthday in 1998?
66. When was the first fast-food restaurant started?
67. Which two businesses were more successful in the late 1990s?
68. Why do young people in the west know all about McDonald?s?
69. What?s the passage mainly about?
答案：
65.Yes.
66.In 1940.
67.Wendy?s and Burger King.
68.Because they eat there and possibly their parents used to take them for their birthday parties.
69.The history of MacDonald?s and the work there.
Do you want to know more cultures about other countries? Here are some messages you may be interested in.
Taking off your shoes or not
It?s bad manners to take off your shoes at the door of a London dinner party. But in Asia if you don?t take off your shoes before entering a home, you are not polite enough.
What you should do instead: If you see a row of shoes at the door, take off your shoes. If not, keep the shoes on.
Talking over dinner
In some countries, like Japan, don?t start talking while everyone else is having dinner. You?ll meet with silence – not because your group is unfriendly, but because mealtime is for eating, not talking. Also don?t talk in places like churches in Europe.
What you should do instead: Keep quiet!
Knowing your right from your left
Some cultures in Africa and the Middle East still like to eat in traditional ways – using their hands. When people eat in this way, food is often offered for several people to share at the same time. That is why it?s important to wash your hands before eating. While eating, you have to follow the rule: Eat using your right hand, and use your left hand to do other things. Another thing to remember: Eat the food that?s closest to you. Don?t put your hand into the center of the table.
What You Should Do Instead: Follow the others and use your right hand. Even children who are left-handed in this culture are taught to eat with their right hands. If you really can?t, explain yourself to others before you eat.
65. Is it good manners to take off your shoes at the door of a London dinner party?
66. Why do Japanese people keep silent while eating?
67. What is important in Africa and the Middle East before eating?
68. How many rules should you remember while eating in Africa?
69. What does the passage mainly talk about?
答案：
65. No. / No, it isn?t.
66. Because they think mealtime is for eating, not talking.
67. Washing hands. / To wash hands.
68. Two.
69. Different countries have different cultures and how we can deal with them.
Most people know something about the green house effect. Factories sent gases such as carbon dioxide, or CO2, into the atmosphere, the air around the earth. In the past, this wasn?t a problem because trees absorbed, or drank in CO2. But now people are cutting down billlions of trees in many countries. At the same time, factori es are sending more CO2 into the atmosphere. It?s difficult to believe, but factories put billions of tons of CO2 into the atmosphere every year! One ton is 2000 pounds, so this is a lot of pollution. There is too much CO2 and there aren?t enough trees, so the world is getting warmer. In other words, we have a greenhouse effect. This is terrible for the environment.
What can we do about this? First, we can stop using so much coal and oil. We can learn to use different kinds of energy: the sun, wind, sand heat from volcanoes and from inside the earth. Second, instead of cutting down trees, we should plant more trees. One tree can absorb(吸收) ten pounds of carbon dioxide every year.
The trees are good for the earth?s atmosphere and for Guatemala. In small towns and villages in Guatemala, most women are poor and have hard lives. Trees help them in three ways. First, the Connecticut factory pays them to plant the trees. Their pay is corn, not money. The corn is good for their childrn. Second, these women know a lot about their environment. They know where to plant, when to plant, and what kinds of trees to plant. For example, they plant many fruit trees. The fruit gives them vitamins to their families? diets. Other trees are good for firewood. In a few years, the women won?t spend so much time walking for wood. Third, all these trees are good for the soil. Now rain can?t wash the soil down the mountains so easily.
This plan isn?t enough to stop the greenhouse effect. But it?s a beginning. The women of Guatemala are helping themselves and helping their environment. As one woman says, “We?re planting for our famillies, for our children.”
65. Is there too much co2 in the atmosphere now?
______________________________________.
66. How much can a tree absorb carbon dioxide a year?
________________________________________.
67. How many good points can women in Guatemala get from planting trees?
___________________________________________.
68. What can we do to stop the world getting warmer according to Paragraph 2?
___________________________________________.
69. What does the passage mainly talk about?
___________________________________________.
答案：
65. Yes. / Yes, there is.
66. Ten pounds (of carbon dioxide).
67. Three.
68. To stop using so much coal and oil and plant more trees.
69. The greenhouse effect and what to do with this/it.
1.（ 2012年燕山二模）
八、阅读短文回答问题。（共10分，每小题2分）
阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题，将答案写在答题卡相应题号后的横线上。
I always say that we could make our lives better, but I could not do it well once I am in depression. Maybe someone will say the driver is so stupid, we could not find such a man in our real life. But, friends, please read it one more time! Trust me, it can easy our life……
Last Monday I hopped in a taxi and we took off for the airport.
We were driving in the right lane when suddenly a black car jumped out of a parking space right in front of us. My taxi driver slammed on his brakes, skidded, and missed the other car by just inches! The driver of the black car whipped his head around and started shouting at us. My taxi driver just smiled and waved at him and I mean he was really friendly.
So I asked, “Why did you just do that? This man almost ruined your car and sent us to the hospital!” This is when my taxi driver taught me what I now call “The Law of the Garbage Truck.”
He explained that many people are like garbage trucks. They run around full of garbage ─full of frustration, full of anger, and full of disappointment. As their garbage piles up, they need a place to dump it and sometimes they’ll dump it on you. Don’t take it personally. Just smile, wave, wish them well, and move on. Don’t take their garbage and spread it to other people at work, at home, or on the streets.
The bottom line is that successful people do not let garbage trucks take over their day. Life’s too short to wake up in the morning with regrets, so “Love the people who treat you right. Pray for the ones who don’t.”
64. Can we make our lives better easily?
65. Where did the writer go last Monday?
66. What did the taxi driver do when someone shouted at him?
67. What do many people do when they are full of anger, dump it on others or keep it in their
hearts?
68. What does the writer want to tell us in the passage?
64. No. ( No, we can’t.) 一般疑问句回答：文中信息表转折关系
65. The airport. ( He went to the airport.)
66. He just smiled and waved to him.
67. Dump it on others.
68. Remember “The Law of the Garbage Truck.” and try to be friendly to others. (回答主旨大意有两点）
2.（2012年海淀二模）
八、阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。（共10分，每小题2分）
As mobile phones grow in popularity, telephone booths have
become fewer in German cities. But a new project in Berlin is
hoping to turn them into shelters for another endangered
technology — books.
Konrad Kutt of the Institute for Sustainability in Education,
Employment and Culture decided to start the BücherboXX project
to improve reading in Berlin. They filled telephone booths that are about to be thrown away with books and put benches outside for people to sit down and take a reading break. “It teaches people about reusing in details, about sustainability (持续性) and also about improving learning,” said Kutt. These public bookshelves are in the streets of many cities across Germany. These libraries are supported by donations and taken care by local volunteer groups. Each shelf holds around 200 books. It takes about six weeks to replace the old books with new ones.
Each of Berlin’s three current reading booths has been colourfully painted by students who are also responsible for building the benches and bookshelves inside the booths. The telephone booths themselves were bought from telephone companies that set to just throw them away.
Some community members keep an eye on the booths to prevent destroying and make sure they are often cleaned. In these libraries, people can read whatever they want to read. Local people who visit the booths are encouraged to leave one of their own books when they take a book with them. There are no sign-out sheets or rules for visitors to follow, like at a library because the BücherboXX system relies on trust and the community’s good will.
One woman named Petra Rücker, a 45-year-old social worker, stopped by to take a look at
the books. “I come by here on the way to work but never have stopped by until now,” Rücker said. “It looks interesting.” This time, she left without a book. “But I will certainly be back here,” she said.
64. Are telephone booths very popular in Germany?
65. How long does it take to replace the old books?
66. Why are there no sign-out sheets or rules for visitors to follow?
67. Did Petra Rücker leave the booth with a book or without a book?
68. What are the main points about the passage?
64. No. / No, they aren’t. 一般疑问句回答：文中信息词表否定意思
65. (For) about six weeks.
66. Because t he BücherboXX system relies on trust and the community’s good will.
67. Without a book.
68. What the project is and how it works.(回答主旨大意有两点）
3.（2012年丰台二模）
八、阅读与表达（共10分，每小题2分）
阅读短文，根据其内容回答问题。
Do you have sleeping problems? Is it hard for you to remember or pay
attention in class? Do you easily get angry? If your answer is yes, you may
be under stress.
Stress is a normal physical response (反应) to things that make people
feel worried. In China, 70 percent of the 2,000 students about to take the
college or high school entrance examination are under high stress,
according to a recent survey by Wuhan University of Hubei province.
Sometimes stress is good for people. It pushes people to do their best,
like while getting ready before a big competition or exam. However, too
much or long-term stress makes people feel a stress overload (负荷过多),
and affects people’s health.
When you feel stressed, there are some ways you can deal with (处理) it. Learning to solve s mall problems in everyday life is helpful. It can help build confidence to move on to life’s bigger
ones. Try saying positive things to yourself, like “I will do the best that I can,” or “I can manage this if I take one step at a time.” That encourages you to work toward your goal. It is also important to relax sometimes, for example by getting a good night’s sleep, doing exercises or taking a bath.
But if you are under high stress and can’t handle it by yourself, it is also good to ask parents or friends for help. Everyone has stress. Don’t be too shy to tell others that you are having a hard time. They may comfort you or give you some useful advice. You may feel better just from sharing your problems with them. 271 w
64. Is stress a normal physical response to the worry?
65. Who did a survey about stress in middle school students recently?
66. In what way is stress good for people?
67. How many ways of dealing with stress are discussed in the passage?
68. What is the passage mainly about?
64. Yes, it is./ Yes.
65. Wuhan University.
66. It pushes/ can push people to do their best.
Stress is good for people because it can push people to do their best.
67.Four ways. (First, learn to solve small problems in everyday life. Secondly, Try saying
positive things to yourself. Thirdly, relax from time to time by doing exercises or taking a bath. Lastly, ask your parents or friends for help. )
68.What stress is and how it works 答案不确定(回答主旨大意有两点）
4.（2012年门头沟二模）
八、阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。（共10分, 每小题2分）
We know that many animals do not stay in one place. Birds, fish and other animals move from one place to another at a certain time. They move for different reasons: most of them move to find food more easily, but others move to get away from places that are too crowded.
When cold weather comes, many birds move to warmer places to find food. Some fishes give birth in warm water and move to cold water to feed. The most famous migration(迁移) is probably the migration of the fish which is called “salmon”. This fish is born in fresh water but it travels many miles to salt water. There it spends its life. When it is old, it returns to its birthplace
in fresh water. Then it gives birth and dies. In northern Europe, there is a kind of mouse. They leave their mountain homes when they become too crowded. They move down to the low land. Sometimes they move all the way the seaside, and many of them are killed when they fall into the sea.
Recently, scientists have studied the migration of kind of lobster(龙虾). Every year, when the season of the bad weather arrives, the lobsters get into a long line and start to walk across the floor of the ocean. Nobody knows why they do this, and nobody knows where they go.
So, sometimes we know why humans and animals move from one place to another, but at other times we don’t. Maybe living things just like to travel.
64. Do many animals stay in one place?
_____________________________________________________________________________ 65. When do many birds move to warmer places to find food?
_____________________________________________________________________________ 66. Where is salmon born?
_____________________________________________________________________________ 67. What do the lobsters do when the season of the bad weather arrives every year?
_____________________________________________________________________________ 68. What’s the main idea of the passage?
___________________________________________________________________________
64. No. / No, they don’t.
65. When cold weather comes.
66. This fish is born in fresh water. / In fresh water.
67. The lobsters get into a long line and start to walk across the floor of the ocean.
68. Sometimes we know why humans and animals move from one place to another, but at other
times we don’t. （回答问题主旨大意有两点）
5.（2012年平谷二模）
八、阅读短文, 根据短文内容回答问题。(共10分，每小题2分)
Have you ever read the following proverbs (谚语)?
‘A stranger is a friend you haven’t met.’‘Two friends are one mind in two bodies.’ ‘The difference between loneliness and happiness is one friend.’‘The best listeners are the best
friends.’
Do you know that the first Sunday in August every year is International Friendship Day(IFD)? IFD is a chance to bring a bit of happiness to the world by showing your friends how much you like them ! Here are some of the things you can do on IFD:
Give all your friends a small present to show how much you like them.
Write a poem about friendship and post it on the website.
Send a friendship card to your friends in other countries to let them know you still remember them.
Have an IFD party and invite all your best frinds.
Make a CD of all the songs your best friend likes, and give the CD to your friend as a present. Plan a friendship day with a big group of friends. You could go for a picnic or to a cafe, or you could play sport.
Write a friendship website for your friend. Include photos of your friend, stories about what a good friend she/he is, poems and maybe some jokes.
Phone a radio station and ask for your friend’s favourite song to be played. Don’t forget to mention your friend’s name and the reason why you called!
Phone a friend you haven’t spoken to for a long time so that you can catch up on all your news. Make a new friend! You could start talking to someone on the bus, or you could get introduced to a friend-of –a-friend.
Send a letter to your friend to tell them about your favourite times together.
64. Is International Friendship Day on the first Sunday in August?
65. How many proverbs are there in the passage?
66.Where can you post your poem about friendship?
67.Why do you send a friendship card to your friends in other countries?
68. What is the passage mainly about?
64. Yes. / Yes, it is.
65. Four./ 4.
66. On the website. / The website.
67. To let them know I still remember them.
68. Introduction of International Friendship Day (IFD) and things we can do on IFD.
What IFD is and What we can do on IFD. （回答问题主旨大意有两点）
6.（2012年顺义二模）
八、阅读短文回答问题。（共10分，每小题2分）
“I sometimes get up at three or four in the morning and I surf the net.”
“I often check my e-mail forty times a day.”
“I often spend more than three hours during one time on the net.”
“I spend more time in chat rooms than with my ‘real-1ife’ friends.”
Do you know any people like these? They are part of a new addiction(瘾) called Internet addiction. Internet addicts spend at least thirty to forty hours online every week. The use of the Internet can be an addiction like drug use. People lose control of the time they spend on the Internet.
For example, one college student was missing for several days. His friends were worried, and they called the police. The police found the student in the computer lab: he was surfing the net for several days straight.
Studies show that about 6 to 10% of Internet users become addicted. And people worry about the teens because the Internet is changing the playing field for some of them. They spend more time in cyberspace than in the real world of friends and family.
Is “surfing the net” a hobby or an addiction for you? You may have a problem if you have these symptoms (症状):
●You do not go to important family activities or you do not do school work because you like to spend hours on the Internet.
●You can’t wait for your next online time.
●You plan to spend a short time online, but then you spend several hours.
●You go out with your friends less and less.
64. Are there many people who immerse (沉浸) themselves in surfing the Internet?
65. How does the writer describe the addicts’ use of Internet?
66. How many symptoms of Internet addiction did the writer describe?
67. What does the underlined word cyberspace mean?
68. What can we learn from the passage?
64. Yes. 65. It is like taking drugs. 66. 4 / Four. 67. 网络空间
68. Don’t be addicted to the Internet. Try to spend more time in the real world of friends and
family.（回答问题主旨大意有两点）
7.（2012年昌平二模）
八、阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。（共10分，每小题2分）
A young woman is waiting for her plane to board at a large airport. In order for the time to go by a bit more quickly, she decides to buy a book and a small bag of biscuits. She takes a seat in the VIP waiting area so that she could enjoy the quietness.
Next to her is a small table with the bag of biscuits, and next to that sits a man reading a newspaper. When she's about to take a biscuit, the man takes one.
She's surprised but doesn't say anything and continues to read her book. She thinks to herself, "Wow, look at this. If I were a bit braver, I would have hit him by now." Every time she takes a biscuit, the man, not caring at all, also takes one.
This continues until there is only one biscuit left, and the woman thinks "I wonder what'll happen now!" The man takes the last one and divides it in two! "This is really too much!" she begins to say, angrily, and takes her things and makes her way towards the exit of the waiting area. When she feels a bit better, after the anger has passed, she sits down at an empty place to avoid having another uncomfortable person sitting next to. She closes her book and opens her handbag to throw it in...and in that moment sees the small bag of biscuits she had bought, unopened.
Ashamed and feeling like a thief(小偷), she finally got that the biscuits were not hers, but that they belonged to the man sitting next to her, who had calmly offered to share his last biscuit with her, totally unlike her, who was hurt by her own pride and feelings.
64. Is the young woman waiting for her plane?
65. Is the man reading a book or a newspaper?
66. What do they eat while reading?
67. How does the man do with the last biscuit?
68. What does the last paragraph mean?
64. Yes. (Yes, she is.)
65. A newspaper. (He’s reading a newspaper.)
66. Biscuits. (They both eat biscuits.)
67. He divides it in two.
68. 1 分答案: A. The woman is so sorry for the man and feels herself like a thief.
或B. The man is very calm and likes to share with others.
或C. There’re often some times that we misunderstand others.
2分: 事实总结+哲理提炼，A+C或B+C的角度，或者“How many times in our lives will we or have we eaten someone else's biscuit, but didn't know it? Before draw out the ending or thinking something bad, check it carefully. Very often the situation isn't the way it looks at the first look! （回答问题主旨大意有两点）
8.（2012年朝阳二模）
八、阅读短文, 根据短文内容回答问题。(共10分，每小题2分)
Mr. Medler has signed up (报名) for Blenheim race—this year’s OX5 Run, in which people raise funds (基金) for Oxford Children’s Hospital by running 5 miles near Blenheim Palace. It will be held on Sunday, March 25. Mr. Medler knows how important it is to raise funds for the hospital because his girl friend Ella Hughes, who he met when they were students at Oxford Brookes University, is one of the nurses there.
“I hear about the great work Ella and her workmates do every day. Everyone works so hard to keep the children feel relaxed and happy , so any help, I or others can give, will be thankfully received,” said Mr. Medler.
Mr. Medler lives next to Blenheim Palace where the five-mile run will be held for the 10th time. He is confident he can complete the course and is hoping to finish in about 40 minutes. “I am doing the OX5 Run for the first time and want to raise as much money as possible,” he said. “I am lucky enough to live here, so I would encourage everyone in the area to sign up for the run and do their bit. It can make us both healthier and happier.”
OX5 Run is really helpful to the children in the hospital. More and more people realize its value and begin to take part in it. Since it was started in 2001, OX5 Run has raised more than ￡500,000 for the hospital beyond what the government can offer. Last year, nearly 1,000 runners took part, raising more than ￡60,000 which funded a care unit and a room where
teenage cancer patients can relax. Fundraisers are hoping 1,000 runners can raise ￡100 each for a 10th anniversary (周年纪念) total of about ￡100,000. The raised money could be spent on new toys or other things to make the children’s stay in hospital a happier one.
To enter, fill in a form. To enter online or get more information, visit https://www.doczj.com/doc/6d13475358.html,.
64. Do people raise funds in OX5 Run?
65. Is Ella a university student or a nurse now?
66. What would Mr. Medler encourage everyone in the area to do
67. How much money did people raise in OX5 Run last year?
68. What does the writer think of OX5 Run?
64. Yes. / Yes, they do.
65. A nurse. / She’s a nurse.
66. To sign up for the run.
67. More than ? 60,000.
68. It is important and helpful to the children and good for the runners. （回答问题主旨大意有
两点）
9.（2012年东城二模）
八、阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。（共10分，每小题2分）
“Life’s a long, long journey(旅程)” so we are told, and most of us would not set off on a journey, even a short one, without some idea of where we wanted to go. Yet many people travel on life’s journey with no sense of direction at all.
Setting personal goals can give your life a sense of direction. Goal setting is used by top sports players, successful business people and achievers in all fields. Before you set personal goals, think about what you want to achieve with your life.
在处理文章标题的选择时，要避免下列三种错误： ①概括不够(多表现为部分代整体，从而导致范围太小); ②过度概括(多表现为人为扩大范围); ③以事实或细节代替抽象具体的大意。 1.2012朝阳期末 Why play games? Because they are fun, and we can learn even more while playing. Following the rules, planning your next move, acting as a team member —these are all ―game‖ ideas that you will come across all through your life. They can help you in different ways. Think about some of the games you played as a young child, such as rope-jumping and hide-and-seek. Such games are very interesting. But perhaps more importantly, they translate part of life into exciting games that teach children some of the basic rules they will be expected to follow the rest of their lives, such as taking turns and cooperating (合作). Many children’s games have a practical side. Children around the world play games that prepare them for work they will do as grown-ups. For example, some Saudi Arabian children play a game called bones, which improves the hand-eye coordination (协调) needed in fishing. The most famous games of all, the Olympic Games, bring athletes from around the world together to take part in friendly competitions. People who watch the event (比赛项目) know that a gold medal is a win for the whole country, not just the athlete who got it. For countries experiencing natural disasters (灾害) or wars, an Olympic win can mean so much. Sports games are also an event that unites (团结) people. Football is the most popular sport in the world. People all over the world play it —some for fun and some for a living. Nicolette Iribarne, a Californian football player, has discovered a way to spread hope through football. He created a foundation (基金会) to provide poor children with not only soccer balls but also a bright future. Next time you play your favorite game or sport, think about why you enjoy it, what skills are needed, and whether these skills will help you in other parts of your life. 55．What’s the main idea of the passage? A. Games can help people in different ways. B. People are advised to play games for fun. C. An Olympic win means a lot to every country. D. Sports can get people all over the world together. 2.2012朝阳期末 Ask someone what they have done to help the environment recently and they will almost mention recycling, which is the process (过程) of treating used things, such as paper or steel so that they can be used again. Recycling in the home is very important of course. However, being forced to recycle often means we already have more things than we need. We are now dealing with the results of that over-consumption in the possible greenest way, but it would be far better if we did not bring so many things home in the first place. Here is an example. In the UK, the total of packaging increased by 12% between 1999 and 2005. It now makes up a third of a household’s waste. In many supermarkets, foods are packaged twice with plastic and cardboard. Too much packaging causes serious environmental problems. The UK is running out of different kinds of ways for dealing with this unnecessary waste. If such packaging is burnt, it gives off greenhouse gases which go on to cause the greenhouse effect (效果). Recycling helps, but the process itself uses energy. The best way of avoiding this problem is to stop producing such unnecessary things in the first place. Food waste is another serious problem, too. Too many supermarkets encourage customers (消费者) to buy more than they need. They seldom encourage customers to reuse their plastic bags, for example. However, a few of them are coming round to the idea that this cannot continue. But this is not just about supermarkets. It is about all of us. We have learned to connect packaging with quality (质量). We have learned to think that something unpackaged is of poor quality. Is it true for all the products? I n fact, more and more companies realized the importance of protecting the environment. They try to package what really should be packaged, including products in good quality. As more of us recycle, we are beginning to realize how many unnecessary things are being
主旨大意题的阅读理解题 主旨大意是全文或相关段落的概括和总结，主要考查学生在理解文章的基础上对全文的高度概括。 （1）Stepping into a pool of water is common enough, but who could ever imagine stepping into a pool of fish? In February of 1974, Bill Tapp, an Australian farmer, saw a rain of fish that covered his farm. How surprised he must have been when he heard many fish hitting against his roof! What caused this strange occurrence? This is a question that had long puzzled people who study fish. The answer turned out to be a combination of wind and storm. When it is spring in the northern part of the world . it is fall in Australia .Throughout the autumn season, terrible storms arise and huge vacuum cleaners , collecting seaweed, pieces of wood, and even schools of fish . Strong winds may carry these bits nature for many miles before vacuum dropping them on fields , houses, and astonished people. What is this passage about? A、A sad story B、A rain of fish C、Australian’s northern part D、The damage done by floods (2) Variety of activity was also seen as a way of maintaining or increasing motivation. Several years ago we had one timetable that operated throughout , but we soon found that both the students and the teachers
2016-2017年高三英语培优补差学案二 Gongli/2016/11/14 阅读理解之主旨大意题 一、阅读技巧“tips” （一）题型特点考查学生对一篇文章或一段文字的深层理解程度及在速读中准确把握文章主旨大意的能力。一般针对某一语段或某一语篇的主 题,标题或目的设题。 （二）题干表现形式 1.What would be the best title of the passage? 2.Which of the following is the best title for the passage? 3.What is the passage mainly about? 4.What does the text mainly talk about? 5.What is the (main) purpose of this article? 6.The purpose of the passage is ___ . 7.What’s the topic of the article? 8.What is the main idea of the passage? 9.The passage is intended to _____. （三）应试技巧 1.主旨大意题属于归纳概括题。找准文章的主题句是关键。“ 主题句定位法”是一种行之有效的方法。在答题时，我们可以： 读首句抓大意；读尾句抓大意；读首尾段抓大意 2.无明显主题句时高频信息词 一篇文章都是围绕某个主题展开的，有的文章中最明显的特点之一是有一个反复出现的中心词，即高频词，也叫做主题词。 Exercises. Text 1 People have different tastes in food. Some feel that they haven't eaten a meal unless they have had steak or other red meat. Some prefer chicken or fish and eat one or the other at every meal. Others prefer vegetables and fruits or grains and would enjoy a meal of spaghetti, eggplant, and fresh fruit. Others could live on what were called fast--foods: a hamburger or hot dog, French fries and a soft drink. 主题句在__________________________________________________ Text 2 Some students prefer a strict teacher who tells them exactly what to do. Others prefer to be left to work on their own. Still others like a democratic
阅读理解之怎样做题：主旨大意题 ——看首位，高屋建瓴 一、题型解读及思维导向 主旨大意题是高考阅读理解中常考的题型之一，主要考查考生把握全文主题和理解中心思想的能力。通常以概括文章或段落大意以及选择标题等形式出现。主旨大意题是阅读理解题中的高难度题，能够拉开考生的分数差距，所以此类题目在高考试题中具有很好的选拔作用，属于能力型题目。 主旨大意题一般分为三类，即标题归纳类、文章大意类和段落大意类。 二、命题区间及读文关注点 1．文首、段首、段尾句 一般来说，阅读文章中第一段首句往往是强开弱收型文章中心思想的表达处；第二段首句或第一段尾句往往是转开弱收型文章的主题句所在；而有时每段的段首句、段尾句是该段的段落主题句。因此，解答主旨大意题时要对这些地方多加关注。 2．转折信息点处 尤其是段首的语义转折处，常是考点。因为转折后面的内容往往是作者真实的基本观点或写作目的，而这又是文章中心思想的所在。 3．因果结论信息点处 因果结论句也可以表现出作者的写作目的、观点或文章的主题，因此要特别关注。表示因果关系的常用词汇有：reason, because, since, for, as, therefore, consequently, result in, due to, based on等，有时作者也通过先提出问题(why ...)而后给予回答的方式阐释文章主题。 4．文尾结论句 弱开强收型文章有明确的全文结论句，作者在文尾给出文章鲜明的观点和主题，因此这类文章的文尾是我们把握文章主题的必读之处。 三、考题定向及设问方式 解答主旨大意题时要抓住文章的首尾段和每一段的首尾句，要注意贯穿文章始终的词语。 1．标题归纳类主旨大意题的主要设题形式 What is the best title for this passage?
阅读理解主旨大意题 【命题分析】 主旨大意题是高考阅读理解的主要题型之一，旨在考查考生对文章大意或者文章中心思想的把握和归纳能力。此类题数量较大，在15个题中约占1-2个。 ◆主旨大意题的分类 1.从考查对象上划分，主旨大意题可分为两种 ①篇章主旨：针对全文的主题进行提问。主题句出现在首段的居多，其次是末段。 ②段落主旨：针对某一段或几段的主题提问。主题句可能是段落的首句、末句，也可能需要从上下文中寻 找或总结。 2.考查内容上划分，主旨大意题可分为三种 ①主题类(内容)，考查文章或段落的主旨大意； ②目的类，考查文章或段落的写作目的； ③标题类，要求考生选出文章的最佳标题。 ◆设问特点： 1.考查全文主旨或段落大意。 2.正确选项概况范围大小恰当，主旨判断准确。 3.错误选项的特点常常是太大、太窄或者偏离主题，主观臆断。 4.常以main idea,best idea,subject,mainly discuss等词提问。 ◆常考问题： 1.中心思想类 The main point/idea of the passageis… The passageis mainly about… The passagemainly discusses… The last but one paragraph is chiefly concerned with…？ Which of the following statements best expressesthe main idea of the passage? 2.标题类 Which of the following is the best title of the passage? The best title for the passagewould be… 3.目的类
高考复习——阅读理解之主旨大意题 （一） With the development of science and technology, new inventions, especially new electronic products, have made people's lives easy and convenient. But as the saying puts: A coin has two sides. One day, I was walking in the park with a friend and his cell phone rang, interrupting our conversation. There we were, walking and talking on a beautiful sunny day and…I became invisible, absent from the conversation. The telephone used to connect you to the absent. Now it makes people sitting next to you feel absent. Why is it that the more connected we get, the more disconnected I feel? Every advance in communications technology is a tragedy to the closeness of human interaction. With email and instant messaging over the Internet, we can now communicate without seeing or talking to one another. With voice mail, you can conduct entire conversations without ever reaching anyone. If my mom has a question, I just leave the answer on her machine. As almost every contact we can imagine between human beings gets automated, the alienation(疏远) index goes up. You can't even call a person to get the phone number of another person any more. Directory assistance is almost always fully automated. Pumping petrol at the station? Why say good morning to the attendant when you can swipe(刷)your credit card at the pump and save yourself the bother of human contact? Making a deposit at the bank? Why talk to a teller who might live in the neighborhood when you can just insert your card into ATM? Pretty soon you won't have the burden of making eye contact at the grocery shop. Some supermarket chains are using a self-scanner so you can check yourself out, avoiding those check-out people who look at you and ask how you are doing. I am not against modern technology. I own a cell phone, an ATM card, a voice mail system, and an email account. Giving them up isn't wise…they're a great help to us. It's some of their possible consequences that make me feel uneasy. More and more, I find myself hiding behind e-mail to do a job meant for conversation. Or being relieved that voice mail picked up a call because I didn't really have time to talk. The communications industry devoted to helping me keep in touch is making me lonelier. So I've put myself on technology restriction: no instant messaging, with people who live near me，no cell phoning in the presence of friends, no letting the voice mail pick up when I'm at home. （1）Which of the following would be the best title of the passage? A. The Advance of Communications Technology B. The Consequences of Modern Technology C. The Process of Communications Revolution D. The Automation of Modern Communications （2）Paragraphs 5 to 7 are listed as examples, which show that the use of modern communications is________. A. encouraging B. disappointing C. satisfying D. embarrassing （3）The passage implies that ____________. A. modern technology is bridging the people B. modern technology is separating the people
英语阅读理解主旨大意解题技巧英语阅读理解主旨大意解题技巧 ◆主旨大意题的分类 ⑴从考查对象上划分，主旨大意题可分为两种 ①篇章主旨：针对全文的主题进行提问。主题句出现在首段的居多，其次是末段或为几段主题的综 ②段落主旨：针对某一段或几段的主题提问。主题句可能是段落的首句、末句，也可能需要从上下文中寻找或总结。 ⑵从考查内容上划分，主旨大意题可分为三种 ①主题类(内容)，考查文章或段落的主旨大意; ②目的类，考查文章或段落的写作目的; ③标题类，要求考生选出文章的最佳标题。 ◆设问特点： 1.考查全文主旨或段落大意。 2.正确选项概况范围大小恰当，主旨判断准确。 3.错误选项的特点常常是太大、太窄或者偏离主题，主观臆断。 4.常以mainidea,bestidea,subject,mainlydiscuss等词提问。 ◆常考问题： 1).中心思想类 Themainpoint/ideaofthepassageis… Thepassageismainlyabout…
Thepassagemainlydiscusses… Thelastbutoneparagraphischieflyconcern edwith…? Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestexpressesthemainideaoft hepassage? 2).标题类 Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthepassage? Thebesttitleforthepassagewouldbe… 3).目的类 Theauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthepassageisto… Thepassageismeantto…. Inwritingthispassage,theauthormainlyintendsto… 【技巧点拨】 1.寻找主题句: 抓住段落或文章主题的捷径之一就是在段落或文章中寻找主题句。主题句是指能表达或概况段落主题或文章主要内容的句子，通常是 一个简洁、完整、具有概况性的句子，较多出现在说明文和议论文中，而其他句子则围绕着主题句展开进行说明解释或扩展。 主题句在文中的位置: 1)开门见山：提出主题----细节支撑阐明主题 2)段末点睛：细节描述----归纳要点---概括主题 3)段中点旨：细节描述---归纳主题---进一步解释 4)无主题句:考生需根据文章中所叙述的事实或提供的线索来概 括和总结文章的大意 2.捕捉关键词：
阅读理解突破(一) ——主旨大意题 1．主旨大意题的设题方式 (1)What is the passage mainly about? (2)What is the main problem being discussed in the passage? (3)What is the main idea of this passage? (4)The passage is mainly about________. (5)Which of the following may be the best title for the passage? (6)The main idea of the passage is________. (7)Which of the following statements best summarizes the author’s main point? (8)This paragraph centers/focuses on________. (9)This passage is chiefly concerned with________. (10)The author’s p urpose in writing this passage is________. (11)What is the best title for the passage? 2．解题策略——如何寻找主题句 (1)读首句抓大意。说明文、议论文等文章的主题句多放在文章开头,抓住了主题句就抓住了文章的中心,因此要寻找这类文章的主旨大意就需要研究文章的首句。 (2)读尾句抓大意。有时文章的主题句安排在文章的结尾,作为全篇的总结。 (3)读首尾抓大意。有些文章或段落的开头和结尾部分都有主题句,这种结构是为了突出主题思想而使用的两次点题的写作方法。通常前后表述主题的句子不是简单的重复,后面点题是进一步的总结,是引申,是发展。 (4)从段落中抓大意。有些文章或段落的主题句居中,这种文章或段落往往以一句或几句话引出要表达的主题,在主题句出现以后,再举例子陈述细节或继续论证。 (5)归纳分析抓大意。有些文章或段落无明显的主题句,但字里行间无不体现主题。这就要求考生在阅读过程中根据文中所叙述的事实或提供的线索来概括总结主旨大意。 1 A couple of years ago,before a trip to China,Nicole Davis and her US women’s volleyball teammates were warned about the prominence (显著、突出) of coach “Jenny” Lang Ping in her native country. “I was pushed over by Chinese journalists while I was just trying to put my luggage on the bus,”said Davis. Known as the “Iron Hammer” for her punishing spikes(扣球),Lang made it possible for China to dominate in the sport in the early 1980s.She was a key player on China’s 1984 Olympic gold medal winning team. When the US team arrived for the Olympics,Lang,48,who is from Beijing,had to take a different route to avoid a crowd of reporters and fans. Then came the greatest moment to Lang：While the US team was playing in a packed gym,at least 8,000 Chinese fans unfurled an American flag. “That really says it all,” Davis said.“They look at her as an icon(偶像)．I’m sure it’s hard for them to see her coaching another country,but they love her so dearly that her success is their success.” The loyalty of the Chinese fans was tested on Friday,when China lost a match
第一节主旨大意（I） 主备：张莉琴 主旨大意题是高考阅读理解中常考的题型之一,主要考查考生把握全文主题和理解中心思想的能力。通常以概括中心大意、概括段落大意、选择标题以及判断作者写作意图等形式出现。主旨大意题是阅读理解题中的高难度题, ,主旨大意题几乎年年都有,而且在大部分地区的阅读理解题中会有1~3道考查此类题。 一、设题方式：? 1.The main idea/key point of this passage is that . 2.The passage is mainly about . 3.The best title/headline for this passage is . 4.The topic/subject discussed in this passage is . 5.From the passage we can learn/conclude that . 6.The last paragraph is chiefly concerned with . 7. Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage? 8. Which of the following best states the theme of the passage? 二、主旨大意题正确选项特征 1.涵盖性强,覆盖全文或全段。 2.确定的范围恰当,既不太大,也不太小。 3..精确性强,不会改变语言表意的程度及色彩。 三、主旨大意题干扰选项特征 1.过于笼统,不知所云。所给选项内容概括的范围过大,超出文章所述内容。 2.以偏概全,主次不分。所给选项只阐述了文章的一部分内容,或以文章中的细节信息或个别词作为选 项的设置内容,或以次要的事实或细节充当全文的主要观点。 3.移花接木,偷换概念。所给选项被命题者有意识地把本属于A的内容放在B上,若不留神,极易选错。 4.无中生有,生搬硬套。所给选项的关键词虽然在文章中谈到了,但经过仔细阅读分析之后,发现选项的 内容与文章的内容毫无联系。 四、主旨大意题解题思路 1.标题归纳题 标题具有醒目性、概括性和针对性的特点。醒目是唤起读者阅读文章的兴趣;概括性, 针对性是标题要直接指向文章的主要特点。标题归纳题与中心大意题具有共同之处,当文章主旨是一个短语或一句简洁的话时,我们可把它看作标题;但是文章主旨往往是作者写作目的或写作内容的归纳,一般不作为文章标题。解答标题归纳题需掌握以下三种方法: ①正面肯定法:在理解文章主旨的基础上,揣摩哪个选项能准确概括主旨; ②反面否定法:拿各个备选项去设想用它们写出来的“文章”应咋写, 然后和原文对照,排除不符选 项; ③研读备选项本身:研读备选项里面的中心词、修饰词的变化、结构、概括性等。 [全国Ⅰ,D篇]The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups. Silences may be thoughtful, or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say. A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness, uneasiness, or worry. Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap (间隙) with conversation. Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for under standing a person’s needs. Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people, just
(1) “You're just in time, Joe. We're going to play cowboys（牛仔）and Indians, and you can be the Indians. ”One of my cousins（堂兄弟）said. “How many Indians?”I asked. “Oh, about a thousand. ”He answered, and before I could say no，I was pushed out into the night and became a thousand Indians. Two minutes later I was running in the fields with a group of cowboys behind. The shouts of “After them. Let's catch the killers!”and other such TV play language came into my ears as I ran round a corner and hurried into my Grandpa's car． “We've got him, boys. Let's go and catch him!” But no one wanted to come to get me. All of my cousins except one were always very friendly with. It was quiet outside. And I went out of the car to have a look. Just then I heard a shout , “Bring the rope（绳子）, and we can burn him. ” “Only Indians burn people. Cowboys.”I stopped just in time. I had almost said, “Cowboys hang（绞死）people. ” I was tied to a tree, and the cowboys were looking for some wood when my dear mother called, “We're leaving now. ” “Untie me.”I shouted. ”We're going. “Why did Bobby want matches（火柴）?”Mum asked when we were in the car. “He was asking Dad whether he had any. ” “oh, he was just going t matches? MA TCHES? Are you sure he wanted matches” Mother was quite sure, and I didn't say any more. 1．How many children played the Indians? [ ] A．One thousand B．One hundred C．One group D．One 2．Why did Joe's cousin say that Joe was just in time? Because______. [ ] A．there were not enough children four the game B．the game was just going to start C．none of his cousins wanted to be the Indians D．they were waiting for Joe 3．Joe didn't say “Cowbays hang people.”Because______. [ ] A．he was tied to a tree B．that would make things worse C．he was caught by the cowboys D．that would make the cowboys angry 4．Which of the following is TRUE? [ ] A．One of Joe's cousins was looking for matches. B．Dad didn't want to give the children any matches. C．Bobby wanted to get some matches from his father. D．Mum didn't think children should play with matches. 5．The name of the story should he“______.”[ ] A．Joe and his cousins B．Who knows what danger is waiting there
高考阅读理解之主旨大意题 学习目标: 1.通过学习阅读策略，准确把握段落大意和篇章大意 2.通过阅读训练，提高阅读能力。 一．2020高考考纲对考生阅读理解能力的要求 要求考生能够读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等，并能从中获取相关信息。考生应能: (1)理解主旨要义； (2)理解文中具体信息； (3)根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义； (4)做出判断和推理； (5)理解文章的基本结构 (6)理解作者的意图、观点和态度。 二．历年高考阅读理解考点分布 数据表明，在说明文、记叙文、议论文、应用文的阅读体裁中，其中，说明文占的比重最大，且细节理解题考查点最多。
三．阅读理解之主旨大意 1.主旨大意题常见的设题形式： (1)The main idea/key point of this passage/...paragraph is that _____________. (2)The passage is mainly about ________________. (3)The ... paragraph is chiefly concerned with _______________. (4)Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage? (5)Which of the following best states the theme of the passage? 2.解题步骤： (1)先审题（找出关键词） (2)再读文章（定位答案） (3)进行选项比对 A.段落大意解题策略: (1)比对选项：圈中心词；找侧重点 (2)找句间关系 (3)圈段落中心词 典例：（2019年全国ID篇） Popularity is a well-explored subject in social psychology. Mitch Prinstein, a professor of clinical psychology sorts the popular into two categories: the likable and the status seekers. The likables’ plays-well-with-others qualities strengthen schoolyard friendships, jump-start interpersonal skills and, when tapped early, are employed ever after in life and work. Then there’s the kind of popularity that appears in adolescence: status born of power and even dishonorable behavior. 33.What is the second paragraph mainly about？ A. The classification of the popular. B. The characteristics of adolescents. C. The importance of interpersonal skills. D. The causes of dishonorable behavior. 解题思路: 先阅读题干确定为段落大意题，再进行选项比对，选项的共同点为A of B 意思