２０1２届高考一轮复习语法专项八：动词词义辨析
动词是是各类考试的重点,高考试题中，单项填空、完形填空和改错等三项题型中,动词辨义的比重较大，并逐年增加。动词辨义主要指:1、形状相同的动词之间辨义。如:ｌie, lay；ｈangeｄ，hｕnｇ; riｓｅ, raise; sit, ｓeat等。2、意义相近的动词之间辨义。如：borｒow, lｅnd; sｐｅak，say，talk; hｏpｅ, ｗisｈ等。3、动词与其它词形相近、意义相似的词的辨义。如:adｖise, aｄvice; coｓt, wortｈ；pass，past等。4、意义不同,但容易混淆的动词的辨义。如：ｅxplain, ｓａｙ；dｉｓcovｅｒ,invent,unｃoｖｅｒ;find，ｆiｎd oｕt等。５、某些常用动词的习惯用法的辨义。如:ask,give，call，ｍａke,find, ｇet, keｅp, want, ｓeｅ,hear等。６、某些常用动词短语的辨义。如:ｇive ｉn，givｅuｐ, turn on，tｕrn off,turn down,turn up等。
（一)易混动词
?1、lay（放),lie(躺）与liｅ(说谎):这三个易混动词构成见下表：
?2、riｓe和raｉse：ｒise是不及物动词，其过去式是ｒｏｓe,过去分词是riｓeｎ，而rais ｅ是及物动词,是规则动词。
３、hear与ｌisten ｔo：hｅaｒ侧重点是听到,听见什么，而listｅn ｔｏ是侧重于听的倾向,但hｅar用于无意中的听见，而ｌistｅn to却用于集中注意力的听。
4、sｅｅ, wａtch和look：sｅe用作看电影,剧目;ｗatｃh则用作看电视比赛，而watch 还有在旁观看之意。如:Arｅyｏu goiｎg to pｌay ｏr oｎly wａtch？；loｏk一般用作不及物动词,只是当盯着某人看时用作及物动词,如:Theｌｉｔtle bｏy ｌｏoked ｍｅｉn ｔhe facｅ.（小男孩直盯着我的脸。）
5、wind和woｕnd:winｄ意为蜿蜒而行,其过去式与过去分词都是ｗoｕｎｄ,而动词原形wｏuｎd意为伤害，其过去式、过去分词都是woｕｎｄeｄ。
6、hａng的用法：ｈanｇ有两个意思：一为悬挂,是不规则动词，过去式、过去分词都是huｎｇ；二为绞刑，是规则动词,其过去式、过去分词都是hanged。
7、hｅａr的过去分词born与boｒｎe：bear作为出生讲有两个过去分词bｏrn,ｂorne。只有当be+ｂoｒｎ…短语后没有ｂｙ介词短语时,才可用born。如:He was born in Sｈanghai.而作它用时要用ｂｏrnｅ。如:Sｈe ｈas borｎe ｆｉv e children.但如果作忍受讲,则一律用borne。
８、sit与sｅaｔ:seａt为及物动词时是作容纳讲,sit只是表示一动作。ｓｅａt如果表示就座时要用ｂe ｓｅated。如:They wｅre seated at tｈeiｒdesks. 或用seaｔoneself, 比如：I seatｅd myseｌf in the arｍcｈaｉr.
9、borrow,ｌend与ｋeep:借入英文中用borroｗ，借出用ｌeｎd,但这两个词都是截止性动词或瞬间动词，不能用于长时间的动作，所以我能借多久应用keep。
10、wｉn与ｂeaｔ：wｉｎ作胜、赢讲时其后应接，ａgaｍe, an argume nt,a bat ｔle, aｐrize, a coｎｔeｓｔ, a raｃe, a bｅt，但不能接人，如果接人则有另外的含意。如:I ｈave wｏｎhim.即我已说服他了,我赢得他的好感。而beａt是及物动词为击败、胜过讲，直接接人、队。
１１、steaｌ与rob：steal为偷。rob为抢，其用法不同。sｔeal其后接物+ｆrom+某人、某地,而roｂ其后接人＋ｏf＋抢的物品。
12、fit与suit：fiｔ与ｓuiｔ均可作合适讲,但英文中却用在不同的地方。如fiｔ用于尺寸大小的合适，而suit则多用于颜色式样的合适。
13、takｅ,brｉng 与feｔcｈ：英文中拿三个词,即拿来，拿去，去取然后回来(即双程)。所以拿来，带来是ｂｒiｎｇ，拿去带走是taｋe,而去取回来是ｆetｃh。
1４、sｈuｔ与cｌｏｓｅ:shut与ｃｌｏse有时是可以互换的，但有些地方则不可这样做。如:在正式场合多用closｅ,而在命令,态度粗暴的场合则用sｈuｔ。如:Shut youｒmou ｔh！（闭嘴);又如:Ｓhｕｔｕp. 在指铁路、公路交通关闭或停止使用的场合，则要用clｏse。
15、ａｎsｗer与rｅply:作为回答讲answeｒ是及物动词,如作不及物动词，则意义不同,如answer for,意为向某人或向某事负责。而reｐly作回答讲是不及物动词,后跟宾语时,要加上ｔo。
16、reａcｈ，aｒrive与get to:reａch当到达讲是及物动词,而当延伸和拿得到、拿不到时讲，则是不及物动词。作到达讲时还有geｔto，ａrrive(at／ｉn)。
１7、ｃｏst,ｓpｅnｄ与taｋe:英文中花费有三个词cｏst, spenｄ, take，但各有不同用法。cost作“花费”讲，主语不能是人,而ｓpenｄ的主语不能是物。如：she sｐent ａｌｌｈiｓmoney on stamps.而takｅ作花费讲时,可用人也可用物做主语。更多的用法是用形式
主语it，如Ｉt takeｓmｅthreｅhours tｏfｉnish thｉｓｗｏrk.
18、losｔ, ｇｏｎe与misｓing：作补足语时意为丢失、不见了,可以用ｌoｓｔ, gon ｅ,但要用miss时则不能用missed,而要用ｍissing．
19、haｖe ｏn, ｗear, put on及dreｓｓ:作穿衣服讲的动词分为状态和动作两种。have ｏn与ｗｅａr作穿着状态讲;但haｖe on不用进行时态,而wear则常要用进行时态。put on 是动作,但dress既可用作状态，又可用作穿衣动作,但用作状态时要用其过去分词作形容词如:He wａs dressed ｉn ａｂ１ｕe ｓuit作动作讲时,其后不要接衣物而要接反身代词或表示人、物的名词,如：Ｉdreｓs ｍy children in ｔｈe ｍoｒning everｙday.
20、begｉn与ｓｔａrｔ
bｅgin与Starｔ均可作开始讲,并无多少区别,同样可接不定式或动名词，但在下面的场合多要用Stａrt:1）机器的开动发动；2)旅途的开始。如:wｅsｈｏu1dｈave to ｓtaｒt ｅaｒly because there wａｓ a lot trａffiｃｉn ｔhe sｔｒeet。
２1、allｏｗ与perｍit
ａｌｌow与permｉt其后直接接动作时要用动名词,如接人后再接动词则要用不定式，所以用在被动语态时一定要用不定式。如：Pｅｏple ａre ｎot alｌowed to spｉt.
22、ｆinｄ与ｆound
?fiｎd找到的过去式和过去分词都是found，而ｆｏund是动词“建立”的原形，其过去式和过去分词是founded,foｕnded，如:Tｈe Pｅoｐlｅ’s Republiｃof Chiｎａwａs founded in１9４９.
23、sｐeaｋ，say，taｌｋ与tｅll
英文中讲有４个词,speak, say，ｔalk，tｅll,但其中sｐeak, talk多用作不及物动词,但ｓpeaｋ后加语言名词时则用作及物动词，如:Please sｐeａk Ｅnglish。而say与ｔｅlｌ是及物动词，其中ｔelｌ常用作接双宾语,如:Teｌl me a story。但也有些特定的习惯用法，如：在作讲实话,讲谎言,表示时间常用单宾语而不能换其它词，如：My watch waｓbrokｅn. It ｃｏulｄn’ｔｔeｌl tｉmｅｃｏrrectly。在书信、便条、海报上写着英文应为It said …。在作辨别不同讲时是tｅｌl，如:Ｃaｎyoｕtｅｌl me the ｄｉffeｒence betweｅｎthe ｔwｏ？而讲别人好坏话时用speak,如：Tｈｅfatherａlwaｙｓspeaks wｅllｏｆhis s ｏn.。
24、ｅxｃuｓe ｍe 与soｒry
?excuse me用于来打拢对方前以提醒对方注意的提示语,而ｓorｒｙ则表达因作了某事向对
方道歉。
?25、cａｒｅfor与ｃare ｔo do
ｃａrｅfor其后要接不定式时则要省去fｏr或换用名词，如:Wouｌｄyou caｒe for a cuｐoｆtｅａ？但caｒｅfｏr作照顾讲时与loｏｋafter相同。
2６、与名词易混的动词有：advｉse(v.), advice（n.）; ａccept(v．)，excｅpt(pre ｐ.); pａss(ｖ.), past(prｅp.);bathe(v．), bath(n.);breａtｈｅ(v．), breath(n.); ｃhｏosｅ（v.), cｈoicｅ（n.); suｃcｅed(v.),suｃｃeｓs(ｎ.);
?27、意义相近的动词：ring摇铃,打铃,电话铃响，strikｅ专指敲钟,打几点，撞击；sugｇest 提出实验性或推测性的建议,ａdvice表示对经验不足人的一种忠告；look由视觉得出的印象，ｓeeｍ暗示一定根据的判定，appｅar外表印象而实际或结果并非如此;sｔａｙ停留,逗留,r ｅｍain遗物,某物被取走一部分后剩余部分；diｓcoｖer（发现)找到早已存在但未被人所了解的东西，invent(发明）研制出不存在的东西；remembｅr记忆起以前经历或知道的事,rem ｉnd提醒某人做某事。
?2８、动词+ 副词+ 介词：cａｔｃｈup wｉtｈ, look fｏrwarｄto, ｃoｍe uｐwith，keｅp up witｈ，ｇo in for,lｏｏk down on，get on with …
29、动词+ 介词tｏ的词组有:coｍe to,ｓticｋto，ｏｂjeｃt to, agrｅe to，turn to, attｅnd to, belongｔo, devotｅto, repｌy to…
3０、与in相结合的动词有:ｇive in, hand in，ｂriｎg in,drop iｎ,succｅedｉn, t ａkｅin,ｃｈecｋin,eｎgaｇe iｎ, ｆiｌｌｉｎ, trade in …
(二）动词短语
动词短语是指动词和介词、副词或名词的习惯搭配。有关动词短语的测试点主要涉及结构上选用恰当的搭配词,不同搭配含意上的辨异及不同短语的辨异。需掌握以下要点:
1、根据动词短语的不同特点，掌握其运用规律。
(I)动词+副词(不及物)
Ｈaｒry tｕｒned upａftｅr thｅｐarty whｅn eｖeryone ｈａd ｌeｆt.晚会后,人们都已离去,哈里出现了。
(2)动词+副词(及物)
Pｌeaｓe turｎevery lｉgｈt in the housｅoff. 请把房子里的每一盏灯都关掉。
注意:①如果宾语较长,就应避免把副词同动词分开。如:Sｈｅtuｒned off aｌlｔｈe l ｉgｈts whiｃh ｈaｄbｅen lｅft on.她关掉了所有还在亮着的灯。②如果宾语是人称
代词，只能放在动词和副词之间。如：She gａve ｔhem ａwａｙ.她送掉了它们。
(3）动词+介词(及物）
I'mｌｏoking fｏｒmy glasses.我在找我的眼镜。
注意:①当它跟宾语时，不能把介词放在宾语后面。②动词短语可以放在句子或从句末尾。如:She＇ｓgoｔmorｅｗｏｒk than she ｃａｎcope with. 她的工作多得使她应付不了。
(4)动词＋副词+介词
I looｋforwarｄto seｅｉng you soon. 我盼望不久就见到你。
注：“动词+介词”、“动词＋名词＋副词”、“动词+副词+介词”，这三种搭配都是及物的，如变成被动语态,不可漏掉介词。Inｔhis way ｂoth ｇraiｎanｄｖegeｔablｅｃan be wｅlｌlｏoked aｆter. (不能漏掉afｔer）这样一来，粮食和蔬菜都能兼顾了。
2、熟悉同一动词和不同介词或副词、不同的动词和同一介词或同一副词搭配在意义上的差异。
(１)同一动词和不同介词搭配时，意义上的差异。如：①heａr from收到…的来信，he ａｒof听说。②looｋａftｅr照料，look at看,loｏk for寻找。
（2)同一动词和不同副词搭配时，意义上的差异。如：①ｒing back回电话，riｎg off 挂断电话,ｒｉnｇup打电话②puｔaway放好, ｐut on穿,上演, put uｐ挂起,举起。
(3）不同动词和同一介词搭配时,在意义上的差异。如：looｋfoｒ寻找，call for去取(某物）,去接(某人)，ａsk fｏr请求,wａit for等候, ｓend fｏr派人去叫。
(４）不同动词和同一副词搭配时,在意义上的差异。如：①bｒeａk out发生,爆炸, ca ｒｒy ｏut进行,开展, goｏut熄灭, hand ｏut分发, ｌｅt out放出, lｏoｋouｔ当心, se ｌl ouｔ卖完, set ouｔ出发，take out取出, work ouｔ算出。②breａｋdｏwn出毛病，c ｏｍe ｄown落下来,get doｗn下车,take ｄown取下, wｒite down写下。
练1、练习、动词词义辨析
1.I ｃan hardly ____ ｔhe dｉｆference bｅtween the two woｒｄｓ.
A. pｏintＢ.ｓpｅak C．saｙ
D.telｌ
2.I __＿_ yｏu ｗiｌl ｗｒiｔe mｅｂａｃk soon.
A. wish
B.hope C．want D.ｎeed
3.I askeｄhim ｔｏ＿___ me a fｅw minutｅs sｏtｈat I could haｖe a ｗord with him.
A. spend
B. sｐarｅ
C.save
D. share
4．Faｔhｅｒwｉll not____us to tｏuch anｙthing in ｈis room wｈeｎhｅis away.
A．havｅB．ｌet C. ａｇrｅe Ｄ. ａlｌｏｗ
５.I lｅaｒｎed to ____ a bｉcyclｅas aｓmaｌl boy.
A.ride
B. ｄrive
C. opeｒatｅＤ．run
6.Iｃan ____ you tｏthe ｒailway station ｉn mｙcａｒ．
A．senｄ B.ｐick C.ｒide D．ｔake ７.If ｎo oｎｅ____thｅｐhｏｎe at hoｍe, ring ｍe at wｏｒｋ.
A. ａｎｓwerｓＢ. retｕrｎs C.ｒeｐｌieｓ
D. receiveｓ
8.1 don't knｏｗthe reｓtａｕrant, ｂｕt ｉｔ＇ｓ____ to be quｉtｅa goｏd one.
Ａ．said B.ｔold C．ｓｐokｅn Ｄ．t ａlked
9. These boxesａrｅｔoo hｅaｖｙfｏr yourｍoｔｈer，ｙou'd ｂetter____ ｔhem f ｏr her.
Ａ. ｂrｉnｇ B. carry C.ｔake D．fetch
10．Thｅre ｗas a fight in the stｒeeｔｙesterｄａy. Tｈree pｅｏｐｌeｗeｒe serｉou ｓly _＿＿_.
A. ｈurt B．kilｌeｄC．bｒoｋeｎD.cut
1１. Ｃaｒeless driｖiｎg ____ a lot of ｈｉgｈway accidentｓ.
Ａ.afｆects B.givｅs C.ｃａusｅｓＤ.results
１2. I'vｅ____my umbrｅlla in tｈeｏｆfice anｄI'llｈavｅto fｅtｃｈit.
A. foｒgotＢ.left Ｃ. ｒemaiｎed Ｄ.lost 1３.Tｈe doctorｓaｙs ａfew days' reｓt ｉn a quieｔpｌace wiｌl＿_＿_ you ａｌot oｆgood.
A.mａke Ｂ.do C.ｇive Ｄ.gｅt
14. His hearｔ＿＿_＿fａst whｅn the ｔeａｃher asked hｉm aｄiffｉcult quｅst
ｉｏn.
A．beaｔＢ.ｈit C. jｕmped D.rａn
１５.The cooking chickeｎ____ ｖeｒｙgooｄ．
A. ｓmells
B.feels
C. sｏunds D．t ａｓｔes
16．Mosｔchiｌdｒen stayａｔｈoｍｅｕｎtｉl tｈｅy__＿_ schｏol ａge.
A．ｇｅｔ B.ｃome C．ｒｅach D. a ｒrive
17. A siｎglｅmｉstake hｅre couｌd_＿__ you your ｌｉfｅ.
A. pay Ｂ.ｔake C．sｐｅnd D．c
ｏst
18．Ｔhe boyｗｏｒks hard. I____ hｉm tｏsucceed in tｈｅexam.
A. ｌike B．expecｔ C.tｈink
D.ｎeeｄ
19. Ｗe＿___eａch othｅr thｅbｅst ofｌuｃk ｉn the eｘamｉnation.
Ａ. hoped B. waｎted Ｃ. expected D. wishｅｄ２0. Ｉ'mａfraiｄMr Ｂｒown ｉsn＇t ｉn. Would you likｅto____ａmessage?
A.gｉve
B.lｅave
C.carry
D.take
２1. Do yｏu kｎoｗtｈe giｒl ＿___ a reｄcｏａt?
A．dreｓｓｅd ｉn B．ｈad on Ｃ．wore Ｄ.put on
22. Tｈe assisｔａnｔsuggeｓtｅd Maｒｙ＿___ the bｌue skirt．
Ａ. ｂｕｙing B. bouｇhtＣ. tｏbuｙ D.
could buy
2３．Ourｔeａcheｒｓuｇgested WanｇLiｎ____to Americａfor furtｈer sｔｕdy．
A. shｏuld senｄＢ. ｗoｕlｄbe sｅnt Ｃ. seｎdinｇ D.be
sent
24.Old Ｍr Ｊａcｋson inｓisted ___＿tｏtｈｅFriendｓhｉp Hoｓpital.
A．on bｅing sent ?B. tｏsｅnd C.oｎseｎdinｇ
D. ｂeing seｎt
２５. Tｈe faｔhｅｒinsistｅｄthat their son Ｔom ____ cｌever enough to study ｍusic.
A. be
B. should be
C.ｗas
D.
woulｄbe
26.I ____tｈe ｔeｌevisｉｏn set for １,５0０ｙｕａｎ.
Ａ.boughｔB．paiｄＣ．cost
Ｄ．spｅnｔ
27．I_＿__ ｐｌａy fｏotbａll thaｎbaskeｔball.
Ａ．would ratheｒB．had betｔｅｒ C. lｉｋe better D．ｐrefer
28. - Whaｔａrｅyou doｉng？?- I'm ｌoｏkinｇ___＿ｔhe chilｄreｎ．They ｓhou ｌd be baｃk for ｌunch noｗ.
A.after
B.aｔ
C.foｒＤ.uｐ
29.The spｏrｔs mｅｅt wiｌl be ____till nexｔweeｋbecaｕse ｏf ｔhe baｄweath ｅr.
A.puｔｏff
B. put awaｙC．put up
Ｄ．put down
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动词及其短语辨析 高考英语词汇辨析一般在于同义词、近义词的词义和用法辨析、反义词之间的意义差别、词组（短语）的用法异同点以及一些习惯用法和固定搭配等。常见的有形容词与副词辨析、名词及其用法辨析、动词及其短语辨析、代词及其用法辨析、介词和连词等用法辨析。 动词及其短语辨析 1) 动词及其短语辨析难点 其难点一般在于考查动词易混词辨析、同义词、近义词、系动词、及物动词与不及物动词的用法等。动词短语的辨析仍是重中之重, 主要考查动词与介词或副词的固定搭配, 如:与介词的搭配、与介词副词的搭配、特殊句型、习惯用法以及语境中的用法等。 ①动词和动词短语易混词辨析 动词易混词的辨析主要涉及形状相近的动词之间的辨义,意义相近的动词之间的辨义,动词与其它形状相近、意义相似的词的辨义,意义不同但容易混淆的动词的辨义,某些常用动词短语的辨义等。具体有:a.形状相同的动词之间的辨义,如:lie, lay； hanged, hung； rise, raise； sit, seat等;b.意义相近的动词之间的辨义,如:borrow, lend； speak, say, talk；hope, wish等；c.动词与其它词形相近、意义相似的词的辨义,如:advise, advice； cost, worth； pass, past 等；d.意义不同,但容易混淆的动词的辨义,如:explain, say； discover, invent, uncover等；e.某些常用动词的习惯用法的辨义, 如:ask, give, call, make, find, get, keep, want, see, hear, come, take, put, break, turn等； f.某些常用动词短语的辨义, 如:give in, give out, give away, give up; turn on, turn off, turn down, turn up等。 ②动词的一词多义和动词短语的新义 考查动词的一词多义时,常考查考生易混淆的动词的含义,如:cover“包含；采访；(钱)够用”；count“有价值”；lay“摆放”；observe“庆祝”；promise“使可能”；put“表达”；say“写着”；see“为(某事)发生之时”；shelter“保护”；treat“招待”；work“起作用”等。 高考对于动词短语的考查,除了考查动词短语基本含义辨析外, 更注重动词短语不易被 考生注意的新义, 如:agree with“与……一致”；break down“失败；垮了”；break up“放假；断交”；come up“被提出”；come to“涉及;苏醒；总共”; fit in“相处融洽”；get up“站起来”；keep back“扣下”；look into“浏览”；make out“理解”；pick up“学会”；put aside“留出”；take up“从事于”；turn out“出现”；wear out“磨损；筋疲力尽”等。 ③在语境中的动词及动词短语辨析 有些动词或动词短语放到具体痛的语境中,应该据情景有不同的理解。 考生在复习动词辨析时,对于考纲中一些意义较多的词语一定要引起重视,特别要注意它们那些不太常见的意思,防止高考考查“熟词生义”。对于动词短语的复习,考生需根据动词短语的不同特点,掌握其运用规律,并熟悉动词和不同介词或副词搭配、不同的动词和同一介词或同一副词搭配在意义上的区别。 2) 动词及其短语辨析考点 ①从语法搭配、习惯用法上进行辨析
英文中介词和动词短语的辨析 Many students when learning English seem to get confused about exactly how to use prepositions correctly. The problem is that new English students either try to compare them, or to use them in the same way that they are used in their own language. This is something that does not always work. Although they CAN often be used in the same way, sometimes there are exceptions to the rule that just have to be excepted. For example: 1. I go home after work. And not (I go to home after work). 2. I am playing football at the weekend. And not (I am playing football in the weekend). They are all the little words that we use to join up phrases and sentences, so that they either sound right when we speak, or they look right when we write. There are over 150 of these joining words used in the English language. At, in, on, of, to, off, for, by, with, into, onto, after, about, after, before, behind, down, than, through, etc., are all such words. When trying to use these words correctly, it is best to learn them in a drip feed fashion. For example: One day could be spent learning how to use them with time, e.g. on Sunday, at night, at the weekend, at seven o' clock, etc. Another day could be spent learning how to use them with places, e.g. The pencil is on/in/next to/by/under the table, etc. Something else that also leads to confusion are phrasal verbs. With these verbs the list just seems to go on and on. But first let us take a quick look at the difference between a preposition, and an adverb. 1. The cat climbed up the curtain. (up is the preposition since it has an object, the curtain). 2. The cat ran off in the morning. (off is an adverb since it has no object, and talks about the verb ran).
初中英语语法过关——动词的分类专项练习精选50题 （Be动词、助动词、情态动词、实义动词） ( )1. This______ my sister and those ______my parents. A. is, is B. is, are C, are, is D. are, are ( )2.—Is that your eraser? —________. A.No, It’s my eraser. B. Yes,it is. C. No,that’s isn’t D. No, that isn’t. ( )3. —Are these your bikes? —No,________ . I think they’re ________ bikes. A. they aren’t, they B. these are, his C. they aren’t，their D. these are, their ( )4. In our school library, there a number of books on science. A. is B. are C. has D. have ( )5. Lucy and Lily ________ a new bike as their tenth birthday present. A．have B．has C．there is D．there are ( )6.—Shall we go for a walk? — ______great. A.Feels B.Sounds C.Turns D.Looks ( )7.—Do you like swimming in winter? —Of course.The water _____ a bit cold at first，but then I am warm and full of energy. A.feels B.tastes C.smells D.looks ( )8.Mom is making dinner. It_____ so nice! A.smells B.tastes C.feels D.sounds ( )9.—Your trainers _____ colourful. —Yes.And they are popular among young people. A.feel B.smell C.taste D.look ( )10.—I can’t stand the smell of the stinking tofu. —Would you like to have a try? I think it _____ quite delicious! A.looks B.sounds C.tastes D.feels ( )11.—Are you interested in shopping online? ——Not so much. We_____see real products but pictures. A.shouldn’t B.can’t C.mustn’t D.needn’t
动词短语及辨析总结-标准化文件发布号：（9556-EUATWK-MWUB-WUNN-INNUL-DDQTY-KII
2010高考二轮复习英语教案 专题五动词和动词短语 【专题要点】动词和动词短语是英语中最灵活、最难掌握的词，其主要考点概览如下： 1.实义动词sell, write, wash, wear等词的主动形式后跟副词表示被动意义； 2.happen, occur, break out, come out, belong to等词为不及物动词或短语，无被动形式； 3.同义、近义或结构近似的动词或短语动词的辨析； 4.由get, turn, break ,take, set, come等动词构成的动词短语；5.have和get常见的用法； 6.appear, seem和look的用法与区别。 【考纲要求】动词和动词短语，在历年高考题中所占比例最大，设题时往往都是给出四个不同的动词或短语来测试考生在具体语境中对动词短语意义的理解和运用能力。主要出现在单项选择及完形填空中，考纲要求在复习备考中要掌握以下几个方面: 1.动词的词义； 2.动词搭配； 3.动词短语； 4.及物动词和不及物动词的特殊用法； 5.常用动词的用法； 6.熟记16个高频动词构成的短语用法（break, bring, call, come, cut, give, go, get, hold, look, make, put, set, take, turn, set等） 【教法指引】考查动词词义辨析和动词短语辨析是高考命题的基本形式，教师在引导学生复习备考中，要把握考纲要求，重点突出，找出易混点，重点词、词组，高频词、词组，正确辨析动词的同义词、近义词，动词短语的相近形式和意义，引导学生理解句意、语境通过辨析、理解语境，在训练中掌握这项考点。【知识网络】动词和动词短语 一、动词的分类 根据意义和句法作用，英语动词可分为四类： 1.行为动词（实义动词） ①及物动词（带宾语）：study, develop; ②不及物动词（不带宾语）work, swim, go, come ③状态动词（相对静止）contain, exist, own, prefer, belong ④动作动词延续性（work, stay）；非延续性（marry, go, come）
备战2019高考英语专题-动词及动词短语辨析-巩固提升练习（含解 析） 一、单选题 1.The policeman_________ two thieves who were caught stealing in the supermarket. A. brought up B. brought into C. brought in D. brought out 2.Can Operation Mekong, a bloody and cruel and violent real-life tale, an entertaining 90 minutes in the movie theater? A. account for B. push for C. make for D. head for 3.When making a speech, it is important to __________ one's message__________ to the audience. A. get; away B. get; out C. get; across D. get; down 4.She ______ a headache and this ______ made her unable to sleep all the night. A. was suffered from… suffer B. is suffering…suffering C. suffered…suffered D. was suffering from…suffering 5.As his wife was dismissed from her company last month, the news that he might also lose his job ________ his anxiety. A. added to B. appealed to C. applied to D. attended to 6.When we ________after a long talk, we found the children sleeping in _______beds. A. separated; separate B. separated; separated C. separate; separate D. separate; separated
一、选择题 1．Speak louder, ________ you can’t make yourself________. A．and; hear B．or; hear C．and; heard D．or; heard 2．—Do you like watching cooking programs on TV? —No, I don’t , but my twin brother . He's very fond of cooking. A．does B．do C．is D．are 3．Colours can change our moods and make us happy or sad . A．feel B．to feel C．felt D．feeling 4．—________ Mary________ fruit? —Of course. A．Is; like B．Does; likes C．Does; like D．Do; likes 5．Parents always hope their children a happy and healthy life. A．to live B．can live C．living D．should live 6．The woman made her husband_______ outside the gate yesterday afternoon. A．wait B．waiting C．to wait D．waited 7．Coffee is ready. How nice it ______! Would you like some? A．looks B．smells C．sounds D．feels 8．—Let’s _________ the library this afternoon. —Sorry, I want _________ my grandfather. A．go to;to meet B．go to;meeting C．to go to;to meet 9．—What will the weather _______tomorrow? — It is going to_______ . A．be like; rainy B．be like; rain C．like; rain D．like; rainy 10．Lily and Lucy _______ their mother. They have big eyes and yellow hair. A．like both B．both are like C．both like D．are both like 11．The shopping mall near our school _________ for 12 hours a day. It _________ at 9:00 p.m.. A．opens; closes B．opens; is closed C．is open; is closed D．is open; closes 12．In the past he often made his sister____, but now he is often made ___by his sister. A．to cry; to cry B．cry; cry C．to cry; cry D．cry; to cry 13．—Where_______you come from? —I______from Japan A．are; am B．are; come C．do; come 14．Tom and I ________ good friends. He is twelve(12岁). A．are B．am C．is D．be 15．— What kind of home do you ? — A flat three bedrooms. A．live in; with B．live; with C．live in; has D．live; has 16．I have bought a Chinese – English dictionary. When and where_____ you _____ it?
动词和动词词组辨析 上海市风华初级中学沈洁 第一部分知识点梳理 一、动词辨析 1.borrow; lend; keep borrow 借入（不能与延续性时间状语连用）常 用于borrow sth. from sb.I borrowed a pen from Mary yesterday. lend$ 借出（不能与延续性时间状语连用）常 用于lend sb. sth. 或lend sth. to sb.Would you lend your MP4 to me keep保存，保留（引申为“借用”）能和表示 时间段的时间状语及how long等连用How long may I keep this dictionary 2.cost; pay; spend; take (形式)主语谓语宾语补语 }人spend Time or money on sth./ (in) doing sth. 物或事cost money 事take、 time or money 人pay money Jane ______ much money on pets. This TV set ______ me much money. It ______ me ten minutes to go to the post office. We’ll ______ you in a few days. 3.~ 4.carry; fetch; take; bring bring某人从某地带来某物carry某人保持拿某物的状态fetch某人往返一趟取得某物take某人将某物从某地拿走She ______ her baby in her arms. < _____ the rubbish away.
最新中考英语短语动词专项训练及答案 一、短语动词 1．To make the hall brighter, they have decided to ______ two more lights. A. put in B. put out C. put on D. put off 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：为了使大厅更加明亮，他们已经决定放入另外两盏灯。put in提出，提交，放入；put out扑灭；put on穿上，上演；put off推迟。根据句意To make the hall brighter可知，这里应是在大厅里再放两盏灯，故应选A。 2．--- Who is Dave looking ______? --- His mother. She's been in hospital for a few days. A. for B. after C. at D. up 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：——Dave在照顾谁？——他妈妈，她住院好几天了。look after照顾；look for寻找；look at看；look up查找。根据in hospital可知选B。 【点评】考查介词辨析，牢记look的固定搭配。 3．--Talking loudly in a library is impolite. --In fact, we should also take care not to cough or sneeze loudly in public.（找出与画线部分意思相同或相近的选项） A. look after B. be careful C. take care of D. look up 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：在图书馆大声喧哗是不礼貌的。——实际上，我们应该当心，不要在公共场所咳嗽或者打喷嚏。take care当心，小心。look after照顾；be careful小心；take care of照顾；look up查找。故选B。 【点评】考查动词短语辨析。 4． I would rather _____ hiking than _____ swimming. A. to go , to go B. going, going C. go ,go D. go, going 【答案】C 【解析】【分析】句意:我宁愿去徒步旅行也不愿去游泳。本句中考查的句型是would
动词短语和词义辨析 1.It’s ten years since the scientist______on his life’s work of discovering the valuable chemical. A.made for B.set out C.took off D.turned up 2.Before the war broke out, many people ______in safe places possessions they could not take with them. A.threw away B.put away C.gave away D.carried away 3.We wanted to get home before dark , but it didn’t quite______as planned. A.make out B.turn out C.go on https://www.doczj.com/doc/6b445760.html,e up 4.It was dark ;we decided to ______for the night at a farm house. A.put away B.put down C.put up D.put out 5.---_____for the glass!-----It’s OK.I’m wearing shoes. A.Look out B.Walk out C.Go out D.Set out 6.He accidentally ______he had quarreled with his wife and that he hadn’t been home for a couple of weeks. A.let out B.took care C.made sure D.made out 7.It was not a serious illness,and she soon_____it. A.got over B.got on with C.got around D.got out of 8.I don’t ______roke “n” roll.It’s much too noisy for my taste. A.go after B.go away with C.go into D.go in for 9.You can take anything from the shelf and read , but please ____the books when you’ve finished with them. A.put on B.put down C.put back D.put off 10.I had to ______because someone else wanted to use the phone. A.give up B.put up C.hang up D.ring up 11.In some western countries, demand for graduates from MBA course has______. A.turned down B.turned over C.fallen down D.fallen over 12.Helen always helps her mother even though going to school _____most of her day. A.takes up B.makes up C.saves up D.puts up 13.The village people prevented their cattle from ______the wheat field. A.breaking in B.breaking out C.breaking into D.breaking away. 14.The final examination is coming up soon.It’s time for us to _____our studies. A.get down to B.get out C.get back for D.get over 15.In Britain today momen_____40% of the workface ,and nearly half the mothers with children are in paid work. A.build up B.stand for C.make up D.set up 16.The detective and his assistant have begun to _____the mysterious murder.
历年高考动词及动词短语辨析练习题 1.I can’t ________ the house being untidy, but I hate it if it’s not clean. A. come up with B. put up with C. turn to D. stick to 2. Clinical evidence began to ______, suggesting that the new drugs had a wider range of useful activities than had been predicted from experiments in animals. A. operate B. strengthen C. approve D. accumulate 3. As the story ______, the truth about the strange figure is slowly discovered. A. begins B. happens C. ends D. develops 4. I’d prefer to ______ my judgment until I find all the evidence. A. show B. express C. pass D. reserve 5. Born into a family with three brothers, David was ________ to value the sense of sharing. A. brought up B. turn down C. looked after D. held back 6. What are you doing out of bed, Tom? Y ou’re _____ to be asleep. A. supposed B. known C. thought D. considered 7. Y ou are old enough to ________ your own living. A. win B. gain C. take D. earn 8. I _____ a bank account after I made $1,000 by doing a part-time job during the summer vocation. A. borrowed B. opened C. entered D. ordered 9. She ______ an old friend of hers yesterday while she was shopping at the department store. A. turned down B. dealt with C. took after D. came across 10. Knowledge and learning are important if we want to be successful, but they many also _______ our thinking. A. direct B. limit C. change D. improve 11. The workers _______ the glasses and marked on each box “This Side Up”. A. carried B. delivered C. pressed D. packed 12. ——How did you like Nick’s performance last night? ——To be honest, his singing didn’t ______ to me much. A. appeal B. belong C. refer D. occur 13. ——In this day and age, women can have children and jobs as well. ——I can’t agree more. It’s great to have the two _____. A. liked B. related C. connected D. combined 14. Just as the clothes as a person wears, the food he eats and the friends with whom he spends his time, his house _______ his personality. A. resembles B. strengthens C. reflects D. shapes 15. Y our house is always so neat——how do you _______ it with three children? A. manage B. serve C. adapt D. construct 16. Thousands of people ________ to watch yesterday’s match against Ireland. A. turned on B. turned in C. turned around D. turned out 17. The new movie _______ to be one of the biggest money—makers of all time. A. promises B. agrees C. pretends D. declines 18. Practicing Chinese kung fu can not only _______ one’s strength, but also develop one’s character.
初中常见动词短语及近义词词义辨析： 1. 常见的动词短语有以下几种形式： 动词+介词laugh at嘲笑point at指着worry about担忧 agree with赞成ask for请求talk about 谈论 pick up捡起grow up长大look out 当心stay up熬夜动词+名词make progress取得进步make faces做鬼脸 动词+名词+介词make friends with... 和……交朋友 动词+副词+介词stay away from远离get along with进展；处理 动词+介词+名词go to school go to bed 常见的动词短语 Take take up占据；开始做…．take away带走；拿走 take off起飞；脱掉 take down写下；记下；拆除take out拿出；切除 take place发生 take care of照顾 take part in 参加 make make a decision作出决定make a mistake犯错 make a living谋生 make up组成；构成 Keep keep out留在外面 keep up with并驾齐驱；跟上keep away from远离 keep in touch保持联系keep healthy保持健康 Give give up放弃 give in 屈服；让步 give away捐赠 give out散发；分发 give off发出（光、热等）Get get to 到达 get up 起床；起来 get over 克服 get on 上车 get off 下车 get together相聚 get ready for为……作准备Turn turn on打开 turn off关闭 turn up开大；调高；出现turn down调低；关小 turn in上交 turn out结果是…… Put put up搭建；张贴 put on穿上；上演 put off推迟；拖延 put out熄灭 put away把……收起来 put down写下；记下 put up with 容忍
（英语）英语短语动词题20套(带答案)及解析 一、短语动词 1．The company wants to a school for the poor children． A. put off B. set up C. call in D. look after 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：这家公司想为贫困儿童建一所学校。put off推迟；延期；set up 建立；call in召集；打电话；look after照顾。故选B。 【点评】考查动词短语辨析。 2．I a stone in a dark street and hurt my knees. A. fell over B. fell off C. fell away 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：我在黑暗中被一块石头……，弄伤了我的膝盖。A.被绊倒； B.从……落下； C.离开，消瘦。故选A。 【点评】考查动词短语词义辨析。 3．—I'm sorry that I forgot to turn off the light. —Don't worry. I'll have it __________. A. turn off B. turned off C. turned on 【答案】B 【解析】【分析】句意：---抱歉我忘记关灯了。---别担心，我将把它关掉。turn off关掉； turn on打开。短语：have sth done，请人做某事，使某事被做。此处宾语light与动词turn off之间构成被动关系，用过去分词，故答案为B。 【点评】考查过去分词作补语，牢记固定搭配。 4．If you want to know more about space, please ___________ the book A Brief History of Time. A. look through B. look around C. look after D. look down upon 【答案】A 【解析】【分析】句意：如果你想多了解太空，请浏览《时间简史》这本书。look through 浏览；look around环顾四周；look after照顾；look down upon瞧不起。根据句意，故答案 为A。 【点评】考查动词短语辨析。熟记短语，理解句意，根据语境判断选项。
常用动词短语整理1. break break down出毛病，拆开 break off暂停，中断 2. call call up打电话 call out大喊，高叫 3. come come down下跌，落，降，传下来 come in进来 come out出版，结果是 come on 快点加油 come over走过来 come up with 提出主意想法 come back回来 come from来自，源自 come true 实现 4. cut cut down砍倒，削减 cut up连根拔除，切碎 5. die die of死于（疾病，饥饿，寒冷，情感原因） die from死于（外界原因）
6. fall fall behind落后 fall down掉下，跌倒 fall into 落入；陷入 fall off 从。。。掉下 fall asleep 睡着 7. go go along沿着。。。。走 go over复习，检查 go by时间过去 go on(with)继续进行 go out外出 go off发出响声 8. get get down下来，记下，使沮丧 get on进展，进步，穿上，上车get off脱下,下车 get over克服，从疾病中恢复get along with进展，相处get up起床get into (trouble) 陷入困境中get back取回，收回 get out of 从哪出来get to 到达。。。 get married to 与某人结婚 get together 聚集
9. give give away赠送 give out分发， give up放弃 give sb a hand 给予某人帮助10. hand hand in交上，提交 hand out分发 11.hold hold on to…继续，坚持hold up举起，使停顿 hold on别挂电话，等，坚持12. keep keep up with跟上 keep out 不使。。。进入keep（stay）away from 远离keep on继续，坚持下来13.knock knock at/on敲 knock into撞到某人身上
2010 高考二轮复习英语教案 专题五动词和动词短语 【专题要点】动词和动词短语是英语中最灵活、最难掌握的词，其主要考点概览如下： 1. 实义动词 sell, write, wash, wear 等词的主动形式后跟副词表示被动意义； , occur, break out, come out, belong to 等词为不及物动词或短语，无被动形式； 3. 同义、近义或结构近似的动词或短语动词的辨析； 4. 由 get, turn, break ,take, set, come 等动词构成的动词短语；和 get 常见的用法； , seem 和look 的用法与区别。 【考纲要求】动词和动词短语，在历年高考题中所占比例最大，设题时往往都是给出四个不同的动词或短语来测试考生在具体语境中对动词短语意义的理解和运用能力。主要出现在单项选择及完形填空中，考纲要求在复习备考中要掌握以下几个方面 : 1.动词的词义； 2. 动词搭配； 3. 动词短语； 4. 及物动词和不及物动词的特殊用法； 5. 常用动词的用法； 6. 熟记 16 个高频动词构成的短语用法（ break, bring, call, come, cut, give, go, get, hold, look, make, put, set, take, turn, set 等） 【教法指引】考查动词词义辨析和动词短语辨析是高考命题的基本形式，教师在引导学生复习备考中，要把握考纲要求，重点突出，找出易混点，重点词、词组，高频词、词组，正确辨析动词的同义词、近义词，动词短语的相近形式和意义，引导学生理解句意、语境通过辨析、理解语境，在训练中掌握这项考点。 【知识网络】动词和动词短语 一、动词的分类 根据意义和句法作用，英语动词可分为四类： 1.行为动词（实义动词） ①及物动词（带宾语）： study, develop; ②不及物动词（不带宾语）work, swim, go, come ③状态动词（相对静止）contain, exist, own, prefer, bel ong ④动作动词延续性（ work, stay ）；非延续性（ marry, go, come ） 2.系动词 ①表示人或事物的特征和状态：be, feel, look, seem, taste, appear, sound ②表示状态的变化： turn, go, become, get, fall, grow ③表示某种状态的延续或持续：remain, keep, stay 3.助动词(与动词原形或分词构成复合谓语) be(am,is,are),do(does,did);have(has);will,would,shall 4.情态动词：can(could),may(might),must,shall(should)