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高中英语常考易混词(组) 辨析

高中英语常考易混词(组) 辨析
高中英语常考易混词(组) 辨析

高中英语常考易混词(组) 辨析

一、音同形异

音同形异的词是指这些词发音相同, 而拼写以及含义上不同。例如:

1.all ready———already

all ready 意为“完全准备好了”, 相当于ready for sth.或ready to do sth.; 而already 是副词, 意为“已经”, 常用于完成时态中。例如:

①The students are all ready for the examination.学生对考试都准备好了。

②Mr. Lu has already finished his work. 卢先生已经完成了工作。

2.all together———altogether

all together 意为“每个人( 物) 都??”; altogether意为“完全地、总共”。例如:

①The students went all together to the cinema.学生们都去看电影了。

②What I said was altogether wrong. 我所说的完全是错误的。

3.every day———everyday

every day 是时间状语, 意为“每天”; everyday 是形容词, 意为“日常的、每天的”。例如:

①We usually get up at 6 o‘clock every day.我们通常每天6 点起床。

②The students should learn to use everyday English.学生应该学会使用日常英语。

4.some time———sometime

some time 是名词短语, 意为“一段时间”; sometime 是副词, 意为过去或将来的“某时”。例如:

①Jerry was given some time to finish this task.杰里有一些时间来完成这个任务。

②I saw him sometime last year. 我去年的某个时候见到过他。

注意: 另外还有sometimes,some times 常与上述两词辨析。Sometimes 是表频率的副词, 意为“有时候”; 而some times 是名词短语, 意为“几次”。

例如:

③Sometimes I go shopping with my wife. 有时候我跟妻子去购物。

④I have failed in the driving test for some times.我驾照考试已失败好几次了。

5.principal———principle

principal 是形容词或名词, 意为“主要的”或“校长”; 而principle 是名词, 意为“原则、道义”。例如:

①Tom played a principal part in this film.汤姆在这部电影中扮演了一个主要角色。

②We hold the principle that everyone should be treated fairly.我们的原则是人人都应该被公平对待。

当然, 音同形异的词还有许多, 比如: dessert(甜食)———desert(放弃);

steal(偷)———steel(钢); pray(祈祷)———prey(猎物)等等, 在此不再一一列举。

二、音似形似

音似形似的词是指这些词发音和拼写非常相似, 但含义却不同。例如:

1.affect———effect

affect 是动词, 意为“影响、使??发生变化”; effect 常作名词, 意为“结果、影响”。例如:

①The rain will affect our plans for a picnic.雨将影响我们的野餐计划。

②The cold weather had an effect on her health.寒冷的天气对她的健康产生了影响。注意: 其实, affect 相当于词组have an effect on, 同时, effect 还有许多有用的词组, 例如: bring/carry?into effect 实现、实施; come/go into effect被实践、生效; in effect 实质上、实际上; of no effect 无用、无效; takeeffect 奏效、见效; to this/that effect 表示这个( 那个) 意思等等。

2.adapt———adopt

二者都是动词, 但adapt 意为“适应、适合”, 常用于adapt to sth.固定结构中, 或解释为“改编、改写”; adopt 意为“采用; 收养”。例如:

①He has to adapt himself to the new environment.他不得不适应新的环境。

②Many childless couples adopted children.许多无子女夫妇领养了小孩。

3.alone———lonely

二者都是形容词, alone 意为“单独的、独自的”, 常用作表语或后置定语, 不能作定语; 而lonely 意为“孤独的、寂寞的”, 常可作表语、定语。例如:

①I was all alone in this big house.我独自一人住在这个大房子里。

②The old man lives alone but he doesn6t feel lonely.老人一人居住但并不孤独。

https://www.doczj.com/doc/6b18169217.html,test———lately

latest 是形容词, 是late 的最高级形式, 意为“最近的”, 相当于“newest”之意; lately 是副词, 意为“最近、近来”, 相当于“recently”之意。例如:

①Have you heard the latest news about the war?你有没有听说最新的战争消息?

②What have you been doing lately? 你近来在忙些什么?

注意: 另外还有later(后来); latter(后者)也常与上述两词进行辨析。

later 是late 的比较级形式, 常用于过去时或将来时; latter 无比较等级, 常与the former(前者)对照使用。例如:

③Later the boy found his father. 后来那男孩找到了他父亲。

④Jerry and Jenny are a couple, the former is a doctor; the latter is a teacher. 杰里和珍妮是夫妻, 前者是医生, 后者是老师。

5.incident———accident

两者都是名词, incident常用于表示“偶发的、通常不太重要的事件( 比如在大街上被人错认) ”; accident 常表示“意外的、偶发的、恶性的事件、事故( 如交通事故) ”。例如:

①He told me of an incident that took place on his first day to work. 他告诉我一件发生在他第一天上班时的趣事。

②Tom was injured in a traffic accident. 汤姆在交通事故中受伤了。

音似形似的词和音同形异的词一样也有许多, 比如:

quite (相当地)———quiet(安静的);

sweet ( 甜)———sweat ( 汗) ;

dairy(牛奶厂)———diary(日记);

abroad(在国外)———aboard(上船、飞机);

metal(金属)———mental(精神的);

assure(保证)———ensure(使确定)———insure(给??保险);

vocation(职业)———vacation(假期); award(授予)———reward(奖赏), 等等。

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