初中物理英语名词
mechanical motion['mo??n]机械运动motion运动
reference['r?f?r?ns] object 参照物rest静止velocity[v?'lɑs?t?]速度sound 声音
uniform rectilinear[,r?kt?'l?n??] motion 匀速直线运动
variable['v?r??b!]rectilinear motion 变速直线运动
musical sound 乐音noise 噪音pitch[p?t?]音调（frequently频繁的）frequency['frikw?ns?]频率loudness 响度musical quality['kwɑl?t?]音色ultrasound：['?ltr?,saund]超声infrasonic sound[,?nfr?'sɑn?k]次声
light 光reflection[r?'fl?k??n]of light 光的反射mirror reflection 镜面反射
diffuse[d?'fjuz] reflection 漫反射refraction [r?'fr?k??n] of light 光的折射conves ['kɑnv?ks]lens [l?nz] 凸透镜concave ['kɑnkev] lens凹透镜convergent[k?n'v?d??nt] lens 汇聚透镜(凸透镜) divergent [da?'v?d??nt] lens 发散透镜（凹透镜）
force[fors]力elastic [?'l?st?k] force 弹力gravity['gr?v?t?]重力weight [wet]物重（重力）center of gravity重心sliding['sla?d??] frictional['fr?k??n?l] force滑动摩擦力Newton’s first law 牛顿第一定律inertia [?n'???]惯性mass[m?s] 质量density['d?ns?t?]密度buoyancy['b???ns?] force浮力
pressure ['pr???]压力（相同，注意理解）pressure压强atmospheric [,?tm?s'f?r?k] pressure 气压standard atmospheric pressure 标准大气压
lever['l?v?]杠杆fixed pulley['pul?]定滑轮movable ['muv?b!]pulley动滑轮mechanicl work 机械功
power功率mechanicl efficiency[?'f???ns?]机械效率kinetic energy：[k?'n?t?k]动能energy 能量potential energy[p?'t?n??l]势能mechanicl energy 机械能
crystal['kr?st!]晶体noncrystal非晶体
melt ing['m?lt??]熔化melting point [p??nt] 熔点vaporization [,vep?r?'ze??n]汽化boiling ['b??l??]沸腾
vaporation蒸发sublimation[,s?bl?'me??n]升华solidification[s?,l?d?f?'ke??n]凝固solidifying：[s?'l?d?,fa?] point 凝固点liquefaction[,l?kw?'f?k??n] 液化condensation [,kɑnd?n'se??n]凝华internal [?n't?n!] energy 内能heat quantity：['kwɑnt?t?]热量specific[sp?'s?f?k] heat capacity [k?'p?s?t?]比热容heat engine ['?nd??n]热机
internal-combustion[k?m'b?st??n] engine 内燃机
electric [?'l?ktr?k] charge [t?ɑrd?]电荷positive ['pɑz?t?v] charge 正电荷negative ['n?g?t?v] charge 负电荷series['siriz] connection [k?'n?k??n]串联parallel['p?r?,l?l]connection并联electric current ['k??nt] 电流ampere [?m'p?r]安培voltage ['volt?d?]电压
volt福特ohm‘s law 欧姆定律
electric power 电功率rated ['ret?d] voltage 额定电压
rated current 额定电流rated power 额定功率electromagnetic [?'l?ktrom?g'n?t?k] induction [?n'd?k??n]电磁感应现象
induced electric current感应电流
lightguide[la?tga?d] fiber ['fa?b?]光导纤维elasticity[?,l?s't?s?t?]弹性hardness硬度ducility延展性chemical energy 化学能nuclear ['njukl??] energy 核能
law of conservation[,kɑns?'ve??n] of energy 能量守恒定律
renewable [r?'nju?b!]energy source [sors]可再生能源（注意“核-nuclear”-联系时政）
nonrenewable energy source 不可再生能源nuclear fission ['f???n]核裂变nuclear fusion['fju??n] 核聚变geothermal [,d?io'θ?m!] energy地热能
tidal ['ta?d!]energy 潮汐能wind energy 风能
angle['??g!]of emergence[?'m?d??ns]出射角light beam[bim]光束/光
柱
angle of incidence ['?ns?dns]入射角light ray 光线angle of reflection [r?'fl?k??n]反射角light source[sors]光源angle of refraction[r?'fr?k??n]折射角mains frequency ['frikw?ns?]市电频率apparent [?'p?r?nt] depth [d?pθ]视深medium['mid??m]介质binoculars[b?'nɑkj?l?s]双筒望远（新概念词汇）boiler['b??l?]锅炉microwave ['ma?kro,wev]微波mirage[m?'rɑ?]海市蜃楼，蜃景Celsius temperature scale[skel]摄氏温标mirror 镜change of state 物态变化multiple ['m?lt?p!]image['?m?d?]复像
multiple reflection 多次反射condensation [,kɑnd?n'se??n]凝结，凝聚mutually ['mjut?u?l?] perpendicular[,p?p?n'd?kj?l?]互相垂直的colour 颜色
condensation[,kɑnd?n'se??n] point 凝点，凝结点normal 法线coolant['kul?nt]冷却剂object 物，物体cooling curve[k?v]冷却曲 object distance 物距critical ['kr?t?k!]angle 临界optical ['ɑpt?k!] fibre ['fa?b?]光导纤维，光纤
degree [d?'gri]度optical ['ɑpt?k!] illusion [?'lju??n]光幻象，视错觉degree Celsius（ce ntigrade）摄氏度optically['ɑpt?kl?]dense medium['mid??m]光密介质
deviation[,div?'e??n]偏向，偏差optically less dense[d?ns] medium 光疏介质物理学physics 误差error 游码rider
测量measure (vt.) 实验experiment 温度计temperature
长度length 实验室laboratory 摄氏度degree centigrade
单位unit 面积area 温度计thermometer
千米kilometer 平方米square meter 体温计clinical thermometer
米meter 体积volume 时间time
分米decimeter 立方米cubic meter 小时hour
厘米centimeter 升Liter 分钟minute
毫米millimeter 毫升Milliliter 秒second
微米micron 质量mass 毫秒millisecond
纳米nanometer 吨ton 停表stop watch
测量工具measuring tool 千克kilogram 力force
刻度尺meter ruler 克gram 牛顿Newton
最小刻度division value 毫克milligram 测力计dynamometer
零刻度线zero graduation line 天平balance 弹簧秤spring balance 测量范围measuring range 砝码weights
Ⅱ、运动（simple motion）
相对运动relative motion 方向direction 路程path
静止rest 直线运动rectilinear motion 速度velocity
参照物reference 曲线运动curvilinear motion
变速直线运动variable rectilinear motion
位置position 匀速直线运动uniform rectilinear motion
平均速度average velocity
Ⅲ、热（heat）
分子molecules 熔化melting 液化liquefaction
分子运动molecular motion 熔点melting point 升华sublimation 扩散diffusion 凝固solidification 凝华condensation
排斥力repulsive force 凝固点solidifying point 冰箱refrigerator 吸引力attractive force 晶体crystal 热传递heat transfer
物质substance 非晶体non crystal 热传导heat conduction
物体object 吸收absorb(v.) 热对流heat convection
状态state 放出release(v.) 热辐射heat radiation
固体solid 汽化vaporization
热量heat
液体liquid 蒸发evaporation 比热（容）specific heat （capacity）气体gas 沸腾boiling
物态变化state transformation 沸点boiling point
ⅠⅠ、光（light）
光源light source 入射角incident angle 焦距focal length 光的直线传播rectilinear propagation of light
反射角reflection angle 会聚converge(v.)
小孔成像image by ping hole 镜面反射mirror reflection
发散diverge(v.)
日食solar eclipse 漫反射diffuse reflection 光屏（屏幕）screen 月食lunar eclipse 平面镜plane mirror 照相机camera
光速velocity of light 潜望镜periscope 幻灯机slide projector
真空vacuum 蜡烛candle 电影放映机film projector
空气air 光的折射refraction of light 放大镜magnifier
玻璃glass 折射光线refracted ray 倒立的inverted
水water 折射角refraction angle 正立的erected
均匀介质well-distributed medium 透镜lens 缩小的reduced
光的反射reflection of light 凸透镜convex lens 放大的amplified
反射定律reflection law 凹透镜concave lens 实像real image 入射光线incident ray （主）光轴principal optical axis
虚像virtual image
反射光线reflected ray 光心optical center of lens 海市蜃楼mirage
法线normal 焦点focus 光的色散dispersion of light
Ⅴ、磁（magnetism）
磁体magnet 小磁针magnetic needle 磁场magnetic field
天然磁体natural magnet 磁极magnetic pole
地磁场geomagnetic field
人造磁体man-made magnet 南极north pole
电流的磁场magnetic field of electric current
条形磁铁bar magnet 北极South pole 磁感线magnetic induction line
蹄形磁铁horseshoe magnet 磁化magnetization 电磁铁electromagnet
三、声音（sound）
振动vibrate 声波wave of sound 振幅amplitude
介质medium 音调pitch 噪音noise
传播travel 响度loudness 乐音voice
声速velocity of sound 音色musical quality 分贝decibel（dB）
回声echo 频率frequency
四、力（force）
重力gravity 惯性inertia 动力motive force
重心center of gravity 平衡equilibrium 阻力resistance
摩擦力friction force 压强pressure 动力臂power arm
滑动摩擦sliding friction 帕斯卡Pascal(Pa) 阻力臂resisting arm
滚动摩擦rolling friction 液体压强hydraulic pressure
作用线action-line
静摩擦static friction 大气压强atmospheric pressure 滑轮pulley 压力pressure force 标准大气压standard atmospheric pressure
定滑轮fixed pulley
浮力buoyancy force 气压计barometer 动滑轮movable pulley 力的图示force diagram 托里拆利Torricelli 滑轮组pulley block 力的大小magnitude of force 阿基米德原理Archimedes principle 功work
力的方向direction of force 密度density 功率power
力的作用点acting point of force 潜水艇submarine
机械效率mechanical efficiency
合力resultant force 热气球fire balloon 有用功useful work 分力component force 飞艇airship 额外功extra wok
力的合成composition of forces 简单机械simple mechanics
总功total work
形变deformation 杠杆lever 斜面inclined plane
牛顿第一定律Newton’s First Law支点pivot
五、电（electricity）
电荷electric charge 正极positive plate 电压voltage
带电体charged body 负极negative plate 伏特V olt
摩擦起电electrification by friction 电路electric circuit
伏特计voltmeter
正电荷positive charge 通路closed circuit 电阻resistance
负电荷negative charge 开路open circuit 欧姆Ohm
导体conductor 短路short circuit 变阻器rheostat
绝缘体insulator 电路图circuit map 滑动变阻器slide wire rheostat 蓄电池storage plate 安培计ammeter
半导体semiconductor 串联series connection 欧姆定律Ohm’s law
电源power source 并联parallel connection 电功electric work
导线wire 电量electric quantity 电功率electric power
电键key(switch) 电流electric current 额定电压rated voltage
干电池dry cell 安培Ampere 额定电功率rated power
一、选择题 1．—The milk shake tastes good .How do you make it? —It's easy, just follow the_________. A．discussions B．instructions C．resolutions D．directions 2．There are two________ near our school. A．shoe shops B．shoes shops C．shoe's shops D．shoes' shops 3．There is a______ shop and two_______ shops not far away from my school. A．sports; shoe B．sports; shoes C．sport; shoe D．sport; shoes 4．—What does your mother have for dinner？ — A．Chickens and tomato B．Chicken and tomatoes．C．Chicken and tomato．5．Do you know the three ______ under the tree? Their mothers are all ______in our school. A．boy students; woman teachers B．boy students; women teachers C．boys students; women teachers D．boys students; woman teachers 6．—Look.There’re lots of______her e. —Great.We can make______soup. A．egg；egg B．eggs；egg C．egg；eggs D．eggs；eggs 7．—It’s convenient(方便的) to travel from Suzhou to Shanghai by car? —Yes. It’s said that_________is enough. A．two hours drive B．two-hours drive C．two hour’s drive D．two hours’ drive 8．The computer is _______________. A．Amy's and Lily's B．Amy and Lily C．Amy's and Lily D．Amy and Lily's 9．Thanks for the two _______________you gave（给）to me. A．tape player B．tapes players C．tape players D．taper players 10．It's about ten __________ walk from here. A．minutes' B．minute's C．minutes D．minute of 11．—Kate, what do you have ____________ dinner? —I have some____________, And I like them very much. A．/; chicken B．for; chicken C．/; vegetables D．for; vegetables 12．________the________Mike’ s and Jack’s? A．Is, rooms B．Are, room C．Are, rooms D．Is, room 13．I to be popular in school, but now I get attention everywhere I go. A．wasn’t used; many B．didn’t use; tons of C．used not; many 14．—How far is it from here to the hospital? —It’s about ride. A．fifteen minute’s B．fifteen minutes
1. ( ) 1 She was very happy. She in the maths test. A. makes a few mistake B. made a few mistakes C. made few mistakes D. makes few mistake ( ) 2 We need some more____. Can you go and get some, please? A. potato B. potatos C. potatoes D. potatoe ( ) 3 _____are____for cutting things. A. Knife/used B. Knives/used C. Knife/using D. Knives/using ( ) 4 What big____ the tiger has! A. tooth B. teeth C. tooths D. toothes ( ) 5 Please remember to give the horse some tree___. A. leafs B. leaves C. leaf D. leave ( ) 6 -Can we have some ___? -Yes, please. A. banana B. oranges C.apple D. pear
( ) 7 On the table there are five____. A. tomatos B. piece of tomatoes C. tomatoes D. tomato 2 ( ) 1 They got much ___ from those new books. A. ideas B. photos C. information D. stories ( ) 2 He gave us____ on how to keep fit. A. some advices B. some advice C. an advice D. a advice ( ) 3 When we saw his face, we knew___ was bad. A. some news B. a news C. the news P. news ( ) 4 What___ lovely weather it is! A. / B. the C. an D. a 3 ( ) 1 -Would you like___tea? -No, thanks. I have drunk two____. A. any, bottles of orange B. some, bottles of orange
名词（一） 一、名词的概念：在我们身边存在着形形色色的人和事物，它们都有自己的称呼，我们用来称呼它们的词就是名词，概括来说表示人、事物、地方、现象等的名称的词都叫名词。 二、名词的分类： 1．专有名词：它的第一个字母通常大写。 a. 人名、地名、国名等例如：Lucy, Shanghai, China b.组织、团体、机构等例如: the United Nations c.语言、星期、月份等例如：English, Friday, March (注意介词in/on/at的用法) 注意：国家与人的对应 China----- Chinese America---- American(s) Australia---- Australian(s) Canada---- Canadian(s) Japan---- Japanese Germany---- German(s) France----Frenchman(Frenchmen) GB----Englishman(Englishmen) 2．普通名词： （1）不可数名词：不可以直接以数字计算的名词。例如：snow, air, water, rice, paper, work, news(新闻)，food, rain, weather, juice, milk, meat, money ，English, fruit , information … 不可数名词要表示具体数量，必须借助of短语。如不能说one bread，但是可以说one piece of bread和two pieces of bread。 只能用来修饰不可数名词的表示数量的一些词或短语： little很少的（表示否定）；a little一些（表示肯定），much（许多），how much （多少），a bit of（一些） 既能用来修饰可数名词又能用来修饰不可数名词的表示数量的一些词或短语：some(一些，用于肯定句), any（一些，用于否定和疑问句）a lot of (许多), lots of(许多) ★不可数名词量的表示方法：计量词+of 例如：a piece of news a cup of tea a piece of bread two pieces of news two cups of tea two pieces of bread 注意：a bag of apples
一、选择题 1．I to be popular in school, but now I get attention everywhere I go. A．wasn’t used; many B．didn’t use; tons of C．used not; many 2．— Do you know all the names in your class, Mr King? —No, only part of them. A．student B．students C．student’s D．students’ 3．Alan usually goes to Harbin in .He likes playing with snow. A．May B．July C．September D．November 4．Is it a picture_________ your school? A．of B．to C．and D．with 5．—Do _________ like going to ___________? —I don’t know. A．woman teachers, clothes shops B．women teachers, clothes shops C．woman teachers, sport shops D．women teachers, vegetables shops 6．Look at the________on the ground, and it’s telling us autumn has come. A．leaves B．leaf C．leafs D．leafes 7．These are some photos of ________ bedroom. What a tidy and comfortable room! A．Jerry’s and Jenny’s B．Jerry and Jenny’s C．Jerry’s sand Jenny 8．—Kate, I will go to the Guangzhou Zoo next week, because I will have a ________ holiday — You mean you can have ________ off? Oh, that’s great! A．three-day; three days B．three- day; three days’ C．three days’; three-day D．three days; three days 9．Look! The Chinese national basketball team ________ a face-to-face interview with their fans in the hall. How excited the fans are! A．is having B．are having C．have D．has 10．Do you know the three ______ under the tree? Their mothers are all ______in our school. A．boy students; woman teachers B．boy students; women teachers C．boys students; women teachers D．boys students; woman teachers 11．My sister and I like eating two _______ and some _______ for dinner. They are really delicious. A．salad; eggs B．salads; eggs C．salad; eggs D．salads; egg 12．________the________Mike’ s and Jack’s? A．Is, rooms B．Are, room C．Are, rooms D．Is, room 13．There was no bus in that small town. We had a_______ walk to get to the museum. A．5 kilometers B．5 kilometer’s C．5-kilometer D．5-kilometers 14．—________ shows are getting more and more popular. —That's true. And many people are truly________. A．Talent; talent B．Talent; talented C．Talented; talented D．Talented; talent
初中英语名词专项练习题 1、map__________ girl__________ pen__________ bag_____ car__________ 2、 bus__________brush__________watch__________box__________ 3、 baby__________ city__________ country__________ 4、 hero__________ potato__________ zoo_________ tomato_________photo__________ 5、 knife__________leaf_______ wolf_______ wife__________ life__________ 6、 child__________ foot__________ tooth__________ mouse__________ man__________ 7、 German__________Englishman__________ Chinese_________ 8、 deer__________ sheep__________ yuan__________ 1、There are two__________ over there、 (watch) 2、 I like taking __________、 (photo) 3、 l can see a __________and two __________ standing there、 (man, woman) 4、 There are two baskets of__________ on the floor、(apple)
初中中考英语语法 （名词篇） 语法总述： 名词篇： 名词的种类：英语名词可分专有名词和普通名词两大类： 1、专有名词是个别的人、地、物、团体、机构等的专用名称。 专有名词中实词的第一个字母要大写。如：Jilin, Tom, China, (1)零冠词，如Yale University,Beijing Railway Station,是由专有名词+普通名词组成，往往为并列关系。 (2)定冠词，如the United States，the Great Wall,由形容词+普通名词组成。 (3) 姓氏名如果采用复数形式,则表示该姓氏一家人(复数含义),如：the Greens( 格林一家人)。 2、普通名词是许多人或事物的共有名称。 普通名词又可进一步分为四类 1) 个体名称: 表示单个的人和事物。 house 马car 汽车room 房间apple 苹果fun 风扇picture 照片 2) 集体名称: 表示一群人或一些事物的名称。 people 人们 family 家庭 army 军队government 政府 group 集团 3) 物质名词:表示物质或不具备确定形状和大小的个体的物质。 fire 火 steel 钢air 空气water 水milk 牛奶 4)抽象名词:表示动作,状态,品质或其他抽象概念。
labour 劳动health 健康life 生活friendship友情patience耐力 3. 普通名词又分为可数名词和不可数名词。 可数名词是可以用简单的数词进行计数的名词,如： box, child, orange； 不可数名词是不可以用简单的数词进行计数的名词。如：water, news, oil, population, information . 4、英语可数名词的单复数：英语可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。 1. 规则名词的复数形式：
名词 一导入：有一天，一只老钟对一只小钟说：“你一年里要摆525600下啦。” 小钟吓坏了，说“哇，这么多，这怎么可能？！我怎么能完成那么多下呢！” 这时候，另一只老钟笑着说：“不用怕，你只需一秒钟摆一下，每一秒坚持下来就可以了。” 小钟高兴了，想着：一秒钟摆一下好像并不难啊，试试 看吧。果然，很轻松地就摆了一下。不知不觉一年过去了，小钟已经摆了525600下！ 很简单的故事，却寓意着深刻的道理，当我们面对大困难的时候，往往望而怯步，孰不知只要根据实 际，分期制定小目标，一一完成就行了。 二专题讲解： 掌握要点： 名词的分类（专有名词和普通名词） 名词的数1）区分可数名词和不可数名词，区分方法 2）可数名词的复数变化，分为规则变化及不规则变化 名词所有格含义、构成两种形式：’ｓ所有格及of所有格 知识点： 一、名词的分类 1.专有名词：名字(人名、地名、书名、机构名)、与国家有关的(国家、国民、语言)、日期（节日、星期、月份） 例句：My name is Lucy. I am a Chinese. I will go to the Great Wall on Monday. 2.普通名词: 包括可数名词和不可数名词 个体名词表示个体的人或事物例: sister、table、bike、window 可数名词 集体名词表示一群人或一些事物例: family、police、class、group 物质名词表示构成物体的物质或材料例: water、air、wood 不可数名词 抽象名词表示状态、品质、行为、感情等例: danger、interest 区分方法：将物体分成两半，如果每半不能叫原名，则为可数名词，如果还可叫原名，则为不可数名 词。 注：有些单词意义发生变化，单复数也发生变化，例：glass作玻璃杯时可数，作玻璃时不可数。 身兼二职的名词对照表 glass fish chicken time 可数玻璃杯鱼类小鸡次、倍不可数玻璃鱼肉鸡肉时间 orange light paper hair 可数橘子电灯报纸/试卷（几根）头发不可数橘汁光纸头发 exercise idea life work _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ No Cross, No crown 不经历风雨，怎么见彩虹.
初中英语语法代词专项练习 —————人称代词、物指代词 （1）按要求写出下列代词的形式 1、I（宾格）________ 2、he（形容词性物主代词）________ 3、us（主格）________ 4、they（宾格）________ 5、she（宾格）________ 6、you（名词性物主代词）________ 7、it（宾格）________ 8、my（复数）________ 9、him（复数）________ 10、he（形容词性物主代词）________ 11、we（单数）________ 12、they（名词性物主代词）________ 13、I（反身代词）________ 14、you（反身代词）________ 15、she（反身代词）________ 16、he（反身代词）________ 17、it（反身代词）________ 18、I（反身代词）________ （2）选出括号中正确的词，在正确的词上打勾。 1. This is（my / I）mother. 2. Nice to meet （your / you）. 3.（He / His）name is Mark. 4. What’s（she / her）name? 5. Excuse（me / my / I）. 6. Are（your / you）Miss Li? 7.（I/ My）am Ben. 8.（She / Her）is my sister. 9. Fine , thank（your / you）. 10. How old is （he / his）? （3）用所给代词的正确形式填空 1. These are ______ ( he ) brothers. 2. That is _______( she ) sister. 3. Lily is _______ ( Lucy ) sister. 4. Tom, this is _____ ( me ) cousin, Mary. 5. Now _____________(her parent) are in America. 6. Those __________ ( child ) are _____ ( I ) father’s students. 7. Do you know ______ ( it ) name? 8. Mike and Tom _________( be ) friends. 9. Thanks for helping ________( I ). 10. ______(Ann安)mother is ______(we) teacher. （4）填上正确的人称代词和物主代词 1._____ is my friend. 他是我的朋友。 2. My dog likes _____. 我的狗喜欢她。 3. Who is there? It’s _____.是谁啊？是我。 4. Come with _____. 跟我来。 5. ______ classroom is bigger than ____. 你们的教室比我们的要大。 6. _____ are Chinese. 我们是中国人。 7.I want to buy some balloons for ______. 我想买些气球送给他。 8. These are ______ photos. 这些是我们的照片。 9. _____ like ______ very much. 他们非常喜欢它。 10. Let _____ give _____ a book. 让我给你一本书。
初中英语语法专项名词（讲义） 一、名词（n.）表示人、事物或抽象概念的名称的词 （一）名词的分类 名词分为普通名词和专有名词,其中普通名词包括可数名词和不可数名词，可数名词可用作单数，也可用作复数。可数名词包括个体名词（表示一类人或物的个体。如：boy,desk,cat,window）和集体名词（由若干个体组成的集合体。如：family,class,police）。不可数名词包括物质名词（表示无法分为个体的实物。如：water,paper,silk,money）和抽象名词（表示性质、行为、状态、感情或其它抽象概念。如：work,happiness,music,difficulty,housework）专有名词表示个人、地方、机构、组织等。如：Tom,the Great Wall,the Spring Festival,France,the United States）（二）名词的数 1.可数名词有单数和复数两种形式，其复数形式的构成主要有以下几种： （1）一般情况下,在词尾加s. ,dog--dogs,pen--pens,boy--boys （2）以s,x,ch,sh结尾的词名词变复数时,要在词尾加es. ,brush-brushes,bus-buses,box-boxes（es读音为〔iz〕 （3）以"辅音字母＋y"结尾的名词,先变y为i,再加e , family--families, （注：以"元音字母+y"结尾的词，直接在词尾加） （4）以元音字母o结尾的名词，变复数时情况如下： ①加,potato-potatoes ②结尾是两个元音字母的加s,,radio--radios ③某些外来词变复数时词尾加s,eg. piano-pianos ④一些名词的缩写形式变复数时，词尾加s, （photograph）--photos,kilo （kilogram）kilos ⑤zero变复数时，既可加s,也可加／zeroes （5）以f或fe结尾的名词变复数时,先把f或fe变为v,再加es. ,leaf-leaves,half--halves, knife-knives,thief--thieves（res读音为[vz]妻子骑牛拿起刀, wife--wives; calf---calves; knife----knives; 追得贼狼满街跑, thief---thieves; wolf----wolves 碰倒架子丧己命, shelf---shelves; self---selves; life----lives 手帕树叶半空飘. leaf----leaves half----halves （6）有些名词由单数变复数时，不是在词尾加s或es,而是变换其中的字母。,woman--women,policeman--policemen, Englishman--Englishmen,Frenchman--Frenchmen, foot--feet, tooth--teeth, child--children,mouse-mice,Ox-Oxen（公牛） （7）还有一些名词的单数和复数形式相同。 ,Japanese,sheep,deer,fish works （8）另一些名词本身即是复数形式，不可用作单数。eg,people,police,trousers,pants,clothes 另外,①当一个名词作定语修饰另一个名词时，这个名词一般用单数。 apple tree,five apple trees, a girl friend,two girl friends,a twin sister 但是，当man和woman作定语修饰复数名词时，就要用其复数形式。 men teachers,three women doctors ②可用"量词+of+名词复数"这一结构表示可数名词的数量。 room Of students,two boxes Of pencils
【初中英语】名词专题复习 一、初中英语名词 1．—What was the _______ of the football match last night? — AC Milan won the game. A. value B. result C. choice D. decision 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：---昨天晚上的足球赛的结果是什么？---AC米兰队赢了。value价值；result结果；choice选择；decision决定。根据句意可知，比赛所涉及的当然是结果，故答案为B。 【点评】考查名词词义辨析，熟记单词，理解句意，注意基本逻辑。 2．I'd like some ________ and ________. A. banana; tomato B. bananas; tomato C. bananas; tomatoes D. banana; tomatoes 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：我想要一些香蕉和西红柿。banana和tomato都是可数名词，some后接复数形式，因此是bananas和tomatoes，故选C。 【点评】此题考查名词复数。注意some后跟可数名词复数。 3．（.山东临沂）I live near the station, It‘s only about five ________ walk. A. minute’s B. minute C. minutes’ D. minutes 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意:我住在车站附近。只有大约步行五分钟的路程。英语中基数词+时间词的所有格+交通方式，可以表示用这种交通方式需要多长时间。时间词根据基数词不同而进行单复数变化。本题中minute应该用复数形式，后面加s；故变为所有格时后面只加'即可。选C。 4．（?苏州）Steve Jobs was full of — always coming up with new ideas which led to great changes in society. A. instruction B. invitation C. introduction D. invention 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】考查名词辨析。句意：史蒂夫·乔布斯充满了发明-总是提出新的想法，这导致了社会的巨大变化。instruction指令；invitation邀请；introduction介绍，说明；invention发明。结合语境，所以选D。 5．—I'm looking forward to the final of the 2018 World Cup. —Me too. I hope the German team will be the . It's my favourite.
初中英语语法专项习题1-名词 01 She was very happy. She in the maths test. A. makes a few mistake B. made a few mistakes C. made few mistakes D. makes few mistake 02 We need some more____. Can you go and get some, please? A. potato B. potatos C. potatoes D. potatoe 03 _____are____for cutting things. A. Knife/used B. Knives/used C. Knife/using D. Knives/using 04 What big____ the tiger has! A. tooth B. teeth C. tooths D. toothes 05 Please remember to give the horse some tree___. A. leafs B. leaves C. leaf D. leave 06 -Can we have some ___? -Yes, please. A. banana B. oranges C. apple D. pear 07 On the table there are five____. A. tomatos B. piece of tomatoes C. tomatoes D. tomato 08 They got much ___ from those new books. A. ideas B. photos C. information D. stories 09 He gave us____ on how to keep fit. A. some advices B. some advice
（课时:2） 一．介绍名词含义:名词是表示人、事物、地方或抽象概念的词。 二．名词的分类： ( 人名，地名，机构 ) William，Linda, Canada，China，the United Nations, WTO 可数名词: 包括单数(只有一个) 和复数(两个以上). 不可数名词: 只有单数. 物质名词 milk， water， tea， bread，beef, meat, rice， fish， coffee，sugar， salt 抽象名词 information， friendship， knowledge， work， advice， science, news, weather 三．重点: 1. 一般情况下，加“s”. eg: books，stamps， pens， tables 2.以“s, x, ch, sh”结尾的，加“es” eg: buses， boxes， foxes， watches， matches， beaches， coaches, brushes 3.以“o ”, 结尾的，加“es ”or “s ” eg: Negroes [?ni:gr??]、 heroes、 volcanoes [v?l?ke?n??]、 tomatoes、 potatoes、 radios、 pianos、 zoos、 photos、 bamboos、video 需加es的记忆技巧：黑人（Negro）英雄（hero）在火山上（volcano）爱吃西红柿（tomato） 和土豆（potato） 4.以“辅音字母 + y”结尾的，把“y”变为“i”，再加“es ”. eg: city -- cities， country -- countries， family -- families, story -- stories 5. 以“f”或“fe”结尾的，把“f”或“fe”变为“ves”。 eg: thief—thieves wife—wives life -- lives half—halves leaf -- leaves， knife -- knives，wolf – wolves, shelf—shelves, loaf—loaves 记忆技巧：贼人（thief）的妻子（wife）在她一生（life）中用半（half）片树叶（leaf） 当刀子（knife）杀死了七匹狼（wolf）然后去偷架子（shelf）上的面包（loaf）。 6）不规则变化：
学习必备欢迎下载 初中英语语法专项练习题之名词 一. ( ) 1 She was very happy. She in the maths test. A. makes a few mistake B. made a few mistakes C. made few mistakes D. makes few mistake ( ) 2 We need some more____. Can you go and get some, please? A. potato B. potatos C. potatoes D. potatoe ( ) 3 _____are ____for cutting things. A. Knife/used B. Knives/used B. C. Knife/using D. Knives/using ( ) 4 What big____ the tiger has! A. tooth B. teeth C. tooths D. toothes ( ) 5 Please remember to give the horse some tree___. A. leafs B. leaves C. leaf D. leave ( ) 6 -Can we have some ___?-Yes, please. A. banana B. oranges C. apple D. pear ( ) 7 On the table there are five____. A. tomatos B. piece of tomatoes C. tomatoes D. tomato 二. ( ) 1 They got much ___ from those new books. A. ideas B. photos C. information D. stories ( ) 2 He gave us____ on how to keep fit. A. some advices B. some advice C .an advice D. a advice ( ) 3 When we saw his face, we knew___ was bad. A. some news B. a news C. the news D. news ( ) 4 What___ lovely weather it is! A. / B. the C. an D. a 三 ( ) 1 -Would you like___tea? -No, thanks. I have drunk two____. A. any, bottles of orange B. some, bottles of orange C. many, bottles of oranges D. few, bottle of oranges ( ) 2 He is hungry. Give him ___ to eat. A. two breads B. two piece of bread C. two pieces of bread D. two pieces of breads ( ) 3 It really took him:___ to draw the nice horse. A. sometimes B. hour C. long time D. some time ( ) 4 I would like to have___. A. two glasses of milk D. two glass of milks B. two glass of milk C. two glasses of milks ( ) 5 Can you give me ____? A. a tea B. some cup of tea C. a cup tea D. a cup of tea ( ) 6 Please give me ___ paper. A. one B. a piece C. a D. a piece of ( ) 7 John bought ___for himself yesterday. A. two pairs of shoes B. two pair of shoe C. two pair of shoes D. two pairs shoes 4 ( ) 1 -How many ___have you got on your farm? -I've got five. A. sheeps B. sheep C. pig D. chicken ( ) 2 Some __came to our school for a visit that day. A. Germans B. Germen C. Germany D. Germanies ( ) 3 In the picture there are many__and two. A. sheep; foxes C. sheeps ; foxes B. sheeps ; fox D. sheep; foxs ( ) 4 A group of______ will visit the museum tomorrow. A. Hungarian B. Australian C. Japanese D. American 五 ( ) 1 This table is made of___. A. many glass B. glasses C. some glasses D. glass ( ) 2 -What would you like to have for lunch, sir? -I'd like____. ! A. chicken B. a chicken C. chickens D. the chicken ( )3 Children should make ____for old people in a bus. A. room B. a room C. rooms D. the room 六 ( ) 1 Tables are made of___. A. wood B. some woods C. wooden D. woods ( ) 2 I wonder why ______ are so interested in action (武打片) films. A. people B. peoples C. the people D. the peoples ( ) 3I have read____ of the young writer. A. works B. work C. this works D. the works 七 ( ) 1 Let's meet at 7: 30 outside the gate of___? A. the People's Park B. the Peoples' Park C .the People Park D. People's Park
一．可数名词的复数规则变化 1.map__________ girl__________ pen__________ bag_____ c ar__________ 2.bus__________ brush__________ watch__________ box__________ 3.baby__________ city__________ country__________ 4.hero__________ potato__________zoo_________tomato_________ photo__________ 5.knife__________ leaf_______wolf________wife__________ life__________ 二．可数名词复数不规则变化 6.child__________foot__________ tooth__________ mouse__________ man__________ 三．国人单复数变化 7.German__________ Englishman__________ Chinese_________ 四．单复数同形 8.deer__________ sheep__________ yuan__________ 中等题 1.There are two__________ over there. (watch) 2.I like taking __________. (photo) 3.l can see a __________and two __________ standing there. (man, woman) 4.There are two baskets of__________ on the floor. (apple) 5.Look at those__________. (child) 6.He doesn't like these__________. (glass) 7.How many __________can you see? (radio) 8.There are more and more __________ drivers in Shanghai now. (woman) 9.Give me some __________, please. (water) 含性别的复合名词 1.There are twenty __________ in our hospital. A. woman doctors B. women doctor C. women doctors D. woman doctor 2.__________ are usually careful in doing exercises. A. Girl students B. Girls students C. Girls’ students D.Girl’s students 可数名词复数不规则变化 1. ----What are these? --They are __________. A. deers B. radios C. Radioes D.tomatos 2. How many __________ are there in these __________? A. tomatos, photos B. tomatoes, photos C. tomatoes, photoes D.potatos,photoes 3. Mr. Chen has two __________. A. tooths B. teeth C. teeths D.toothes 4. Here are __________ for you, Sue. A. potatos B. some potatoes C. three tomatos D. some tomato 5. Then the __________ began to eat the green __________ of young trees. A. deer, leafs B. deer, leaves C. deer, leaf D. deers, leafs