知识要点：
一．形容词、副词的概念
形容词：我们把用来修饰名词、代词的词称为形容词。形容词主要描述人或者事物的性质、特征和状态。
副词：说明事情发生的时间、地点、原因、方式、等含义的词，我们称之为副词。多用来修饰动词或整个句子。二．形容词、副词的用法
1.形容词一般在句中作定语，放在名词或代词前面，都含有“……的”意思。如：
a nice watch 一只漂亮的手表an empty box 一个空箱子
a clever boy 一个聪明的男孩 a beautiful girl 一个美丽的女孩
:
delicious food 可口的食物an interesting book 一本有趣的书
a blue car 一辆蓝色的小汽车an exciting speech 一次令人兴奋的演讲
注意：形容词在修饰someone, somebody, something, anyone, anybody, anything, nobody, nothing等不定代词时，需要置于其后。
如：something important (重要的事情) nothing interesting (没有什么有趣的)
2.形容词作表语（有些形容词只能作表语，放在系动词之后）
These flowers are blue. 这些花是蓝色的。
Bob looks smart today. 今天鲍勃看上去很精神。
有些形容词只能作表语，放在系动词之后, 如：asleep / alike / ill 等
%
The boy is asleep.
Lucy and Lily look alike.
Her mother is ill.
3.形容词做宾语补足语，放在宾语之后
(常用动词有make / paint / keep / find / want / like等后接名词或代词作宾语，再接形容词做宾语补足语，补充说明宾语的状态、特征等。
We must keep our classroom clean.
Do you like your tea weak or strong
The boy was beaten black and blue.
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4.形容词与表示“长、宽、高、重、老、距离”的词连用时，常放在后面。
Tom is meters tall.
My father is 30 years old.
The school is 100 meters away.
5.副词多用来修饰动词，可以放在句子的前面、中间、或最后。
They live happily. (happily快乐地，幸福地，修饰动词live)
They are listening to the teacher carefully. (carefully 认真地，修饰动词listen)
—
Don’t speak loudly in class. (loudly 大声地，修饰动词speak)
注意：联系动词不用副词修饰，直接加形容词作表语。联系动词有feel / smell / ge t / become / turn / sound / look 等）
Her face became pale. 他的脸色变得苍白。
The fish smells terrible . 这条鱼难闻极了。
The food tastes delicious. 这食物尝起来很可口。
This cloth feels soft. 这批布让人感觉很柔软。
6.部分形容词加-ly可以变成副词。如：
形容词副词
】
quick+ly quickly
slow+ly slowly
quiet+ly quietly
happy+ly happily
careful+ly carefully
注意：并不是以ly结尾的单词都是副词，名词+ly可变成形容词。如：
名词形容词
friend + ly friendly 朋友般的
~
love + ly lovely 可爱的
sister + ly sisterly 姐妹般的
brother +ly brotherly 兄弟般的
father + ly fatherly 父亲般的
mother + ly motherly 母亲般的
有些名词+y可以变成形容词。如：
名词形容词
rain + y rainy 下雨的
；
snow + y snowy 下雪的
cloud + y cloudy 阴天的
salt + y salty 咸的
sand + y sandy 有沙的
fog + y foggy 雾的
wind + y windy 有风的
三．形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的构成规则
大多数形容词、副词都有等级的变化，表示“比……更……”或“最……”。形容词用来表示物的等级差别一般有原级、比较级和最高级三种形式。如：
；
tall------taller------tallest ; little------less-------least ; fast-----faster------fastest
1.一般情况下，直接在原词后加-er，或加-est
如：quick------quicker-------quickest slow------slower------slowest
clever------cleverer------cleverest high------higher------highest
low------lower------lowest fast------faster------fastest
2.以不发音的e结尾的单音节词，比较级在原词后加-r，最高级在原词后加-st
如：nice------nicer------nicest large------larger------largest
white------whiter------whitest safe------safer------safest (
3.以辅音字母加y结尾的双音节词，变y为i, 再加-er或-est.
如：heavy------heavier------heaviest easy------easier------easiest
early------earlier------ealiest happy------happier------happiest
4.重读闭音节结尾的形容词或副词，要双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-er或-est
如：fat------fatter------fattest red------redder------reddest
thin------thinner------thinnest wet------wetter------wettest
big------bigger------biggest hot------hotter------hottest
5.部分双音节或多音节词要在原词前面加more或most.
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如：beautiful------more beautiful------most beautiful
useful------more useful------most useful
delicious------more delicious------most delicious
defferent------more different------most different
difficult------more difficult------most difficult
carefully------more carefully------most carefully
不规则变化：
good/well------better------best bad------worse------worst
；
many/much------more------most little------less------least
far------farther------farthest (指距离的远近)
far------further------furthest （表示程度上更进步)
old------older------oldest (表示年纪大)
old------elder------eldest (表示长幼关系)
四．形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法
1.形容词、副词的比较级经常用于两个同类的人或事物的比较，比较对象用than来连接。基本结构是：“主语+
谓语（系动词+形容词/副词比较级+than+对比成分
Your jacket is longer than mine.
:
She is cleverer than the other girls in the class.
The room is smaller than the earth.
The box is heavier than that one.
This story is more interesting than that one.
The weather in our hometown is warmer than that in Beijing.
注意：much / rather / far / a bit / a little / even 这些词常用来修饰比较级。如
He is much taller than Peter.
Lily is a little thinner than Lucy.
:
My mother is far nicer than my aunt.
2.形容词或副词的最高级用于三者三者以上的人或物的比较，表示人或事物在某个范围内“最……”形容词最高级前
要用the，副词最高级前面的the可以省去。如：He runs (the) fastest in his class. 他在班上跑的最快。
Yao Ming is the tallest in Chinese basketball team. 姚明在中国篮球队里最高。
注意：as……as表示同级比较，两个as中间用原级
Lily is as tall as Lucy.
Lesson One is as interesting as Lesson Two. 第二课和第一课一样有趣。
not as/so……as表示否定，表示前者不如后者（so…as不能用于肯定）
Mike is not as clever as Tom. 麦克不如汤姆聪明。
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He is not so tall as his sister. 他没有姐姐长得高。
注意：1.“one of the + 最高级+名词（复数）”整个短语为单数形式，谓语动词要用单数。如：One of the cleverest students in China will visit our school.
2.“比较级+and+比较级”“表示越来越…”如：He works harder and harder.
3. more + 形容词、副词表示前者比后者更……
less + 形容词、副词表示前者不如后者……
+ 比较级+…；the + 比较级+ …表示越…就越…
如：The earlier you come, the more you get. 来得越早，收获越多。
5.“which / who+动词+比较级/最高级+…”句型中，如果后面有两个选项，则用比较级；若有三个选项，则用
最高级。
"
如：Who studies harder, Tom or Pat
Who studies the best, Ann, Tom or Peter
Practice:
一．写出下列形容词的反义词
二．按要求写出下列单词的比较级和最高级
________
________
________
—
________12. hot________ _________
三．根据句意，用所给形容词或副词的正确形式填空
is ________(cold) season of the year.
works________(hard), but his brother works________(hard) than him.
radio is not so_______(cheap) as that one.
’s much________(hot) today than yesterday.
listen to me________(careful).
like getting up________(early).
$
Smith is the__________(rich) man in this office.
are getting_______(bad) and______(bad).
smells________(terrible).
higher you climb, the _______(cold) it will be.
match is ________(exciting) of the three.
mother is the _______(busy) in my family.
13.Beijing is one of the_________(beautiful) city in China.
book is ________(interesting) than that book.
)
Ping’s home is _________(far) from the school in our class.
goes________(quick), the bus or the car
17. I can swim as________( fast ) as the fish, I think.
18. Look! His hands are____________( big ) than mine.
19. I think you do these things_________( well ) than your classmates.
20. Whose bag is___________( heavy ), yours or mine
21. Does Jim run as__________( slow ) as David Yes, but Mike runs _________ ( slow ) than them.
22. You have seven books, but I have_________( many ) than you. I have ten.
；
23. I jump___________( far ) than some of the boys in my class.
’m very____________( thin ), but she’s___________( thin ) than me.
25. It gets_________and_________( warm ) when spring comes here.
26. The child doesn’t______(write) as ____(fast) as the students.
27. My eyes are __________(big) than ________ (she).
28. My brother is two years __________(old) than me.
四．单项选择题
1. Which subject do you like_______, maths or English
-
red rose is _______of all flowers.
more beautiful most beautiful
book is newer than________.
is________student in his class.
best
! The bee________than the bird.
—
higher flying higher high as higher
hens are ________and fat.
biggest
knows________about history than most people.
was really an________story.
city is __________from here, Beijing or Shanghai
~
farthest
building is __________that tree.
tall as tall as tall as taller as
五．翻译句子：
1.谁比Jim年纪大是你。
________ is _________than Jim ________ are.
2.谁比David更强壮是Gao Shan.
________ _________ than David Gao Shan ________.
·
3.谁的铅笔更长，他的还是她的我想是她的。
_________ pencil is _________,______or________________is, I think.
4.谁的苹果更重，你的姐姐的还是你的弟弟的我的弟弟的。
_________ apples ________ ________, your _______ or your _______
My ____________ ___________.
5.你和你的叔叔一样高吗是的。
_________ ________as _________as your uncle Yes, I am.
6.他和他的朋友Jim一样年轻。
/
He _______ as __________ as ________ ________ Jim.
7.她和她的双胞胎哥哥一样胖吗不，她比他瘦。
________ ________ as _________ as______ twin _______
No, _________ _________ than him.
Ling每天睡得比SuYang晚。
Yang Ling ________ to _______ ________ than Su Yang every day.
9.我跳得和Mike一样远。
I _________ as _______ as Mike.
）
比你跑得快吗不是的,他和我跑得一样快。
____ Tom _____ _____ than you No, he _______. He_____ as_____ as_____.
11.多做运动，你会更强壮。
________ more exercise, you’ll ________ _________ soon.
12.我的科学很好，但是语文不好。
I ______ ________ at Science. But I don’t _________ well in Chinese.
13. 你放风筝比王兵放得高吗不，我比他放得低。
____you_______the kite_____than Wang bing No,I______it _____than___.
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14.我喜欢游泳。我所有的朋友都游得比我慢。
I like_______. All my______ _______ _______than me.
15.我的姐姐起得比我早。
My_____ _____ up _____than me.
16.女孩比男孩唱得好吗是的。
____the girls______ ______ ______the boys Yes, they ____.
17.她不擅长体育。但我跳得没有她高。
She doesn’t ____ _____ in PE. But I don’t ______ _____than_____.
18.你足球踢得比你的同班同学好吗不，他们踢得和我一样好。
___ you ____football _____than your classmates No, they____as____as me.
19.我母亲比我父亲年纪小。
My_____ _____ ______than my ______.
20.她的毛衣和我的一样重。
_____sweater_____ as_______as_____.
21.我的连衣裙太短了。我想买一条大点的。
My dress_____ too_____. I want to _____a______one.
22. I'm taller than Mike .(用原级的比较)
I'm _________ as ________ as Mike .
isn’t so tall as his father. (改为同义句)
His father__________ __________ than him.
runs faster than any other people in the class. (改为同义句)
He runs_______ _______in the class.
like English better than maths. (用which来提问)
__________ ___________ you like better, maths or English
One is interesting. Lesson Two is more interesting. (合并为一句话)
Lesson One is _________ ____________than Lesson Two.
27.长江是世界上最长的河流之一。（翻译）
The Changjiang River is one of _________ __________ _________in the word.