职称英语完形填空文章译文
职称英语完形填空文章译文 (1)
一、综合完型填空课文译文 (2)
1.健康概貌（旧题库未考） (2)
A health Profile（旧题库未考） (2)
2. 好借好还 (3)
Making Yourself a Good Record (3)
3. 漂亮极了 (5)
Pretty Good (5)
4. 我们的客人去哪里了? (6)
Where Have All Our Visitors Gone? (7)
5.为什么人们用假名2011年新增 ................................................... 错误！未定义书签。
Why People Use Pseudonyms 2011年新增 ................................... 错误！未定义书签。
6.进行中的改革（2010新增） (9)
Reform on the Road（2010新增） (10)
7.水 (11)
Water (11)
8. 爵士乐的早期形式（旧题库未考） (12)
An Early Form of Jazz Music（旧题库未考） (12)
9.美丽就是一切（2009未考） (13)
Freezing to Death for Beauty（2009未考） (13)
10. 理想的丈夫（2009未考）The Ideal Husband (14)
11.关于网络交友和分手（2010新增） (15)
On the Net Friends Come and Go, Talking of（2010新增）... . (16)
12.竞技还是表演？2011年新增 ........................................................ 错误！未定义书签。
Sport or Spectacle?2011年新增 .................................................... 错误！未定义书签。
13.种族偏见 (18)
Racial Prejudice (19)
14.变性手术的准则的起草（2010新增） (20)
Sex change surgery guidelines drafted（2010新增） (20)
15.上世纪人类平均寿命的变化2011年新增 ................................... 错误！未定义书签。
Life Expectancy in the Last Hundred Years 2011年新增 .............. 错误！未定义书签。
一、综合完型填空课文译文
1.健康概貌
健康概貌是对所有影响健康的因素的一个概述。要描述健康概貌，你要知道有过怎样的家庭病史，在工作时你可能面临什么不利健康的因素，你每日的饮食和推荐的标准相比之下如何，一个星期当中有多少时间锻炼，有什么样的锻炼活动，你的工作和家庭环境给你造成的压力有多大，你经常得什么样的病，有何不良的嗜好。为把这一切描述清楚，你应该进行一次体验，以确定你的血液、心脏、肺功能是否正常。把这个检测作为一个基点，将以后的检验结果和它做比较。
一旦有了这样一个完整的描述，你可以开始考虑根据这个健康概貌确立优先要做的事情比如，如果你每天喝两杯马提尼酒，工作压力很大，过度肥胖，每天抽一包烟，周末偶尔食用大麻，你首先应该停止抽烟，然后减去多余的体重，减轻工作的压力，戒掉吸食大麻的习惯，最后如果你想首先预防癌症，其次预防心脏病的话，那么就该想想马提尼酒里该不该喝。即使对于那些从没得过病的年轻上班族来说，他们身体很好，但认真看看自己工作和家庭生活中的全产健康习惯，做出一些调整会使其在未来受益。
A health Profile
A health profile is a portrait of all of the factors that influence your health. To draw your health profile, you will 1 what diseases run in your family, what health hazards you may be exposed to 2 work, how your daily 3 compares to the recommended standards, how much time per week you 4 exercising and what type of exercise you engage 5 , how stressful your work and family environments are, what kinds of illnesses you get regularly, and
6 or not you have any one of a number of addictions.
7 this portrait, your should have a checkup to determine how your blood, heart, and lungs are functioning. This checkup will serve
8 a baseline, to which you can then compare later tests.
9 this profile is thoroughly drawn. you can begin to think about setting health priorities based 10 your particular portrait. For example, if you drink two martinis every evening, have a high-stress 11 , are overweight, smoke a pack of cigarettes a day, and use marijuana occasionally on weekends, you should quit smoking first, followed 12 losing the excess weight, reducing the stress of your job. giving up your marihuana habit, and then finally giving some 13 to those martinis if you want to prevent first cancer, and then heart disease. Even for the youthful working person who has never been sick a day in his life, who is 14 excellent health, a good look at all health habits and at work and home environments may suggest
changes that will 15 him in the future.
1. A. know B. have known C. need know D. need to know
2. A. with B. in C. on D. at
3. A. diet B. meals C. food D. dinner
4. A. use B. devote C. spend D. take
5. A. on B. in C. with D. about
6. A. if B. whether C. either D. neither
7. A. To complete B. Completing
C. Completion
D. To be completed
8. A. as B. for C. on D. about
9. A. Unless B. Once C. If D. Although
10. A. around B. with C. about D. on
11. A. work B. task C. job D. place
12. A. on B. with C. after D. by
13. A. thought B. idea C. thinking D. talk
14. A. for B. in C. with D. on
15. A. reap B. harvest C. benefit D. lead
2. 好借好还
如果你是个美国人，并且觉得自己有一天可能借钱，最好的做法是早点行动。
因为正如许多雇主只想聘用有工作经验的人那样，银行和其他债权方通常不愿借钱给那些没有借贷证明记录(债务人按时归还欠款的记录)的人。
可是如果你需要一些借贷经历来开始一段借贷记录的话，究竟该如何开始呢?
通常是靠父母的一点帮助，当你在经济上还依赖于他们的时候。大学里的信用卡或学生贷款是容易得到的，因为银行认为：如果你无力偿还，你的父母会为你支付。
学生们往往通过实习来丰富个人履历，大学同样可以成为开创又一重要个人记录——信贷记录——的好时候。
信贷报告是个人信贷史的总结，由信贷报告社收集，简称信报社。
银行及公司——包括医院、房东和保险公司——定期向美国三大信报社报告他们顾客归还欠款的情况。
任何有“合理业务需要”的个人均有权向信报社索取相关人的信贷报告。潜在债权人通常把报告中的信息汇编成“信贷得分”，并排列信贷等级。除了借贷记录不好外，没有借贷经历会导致低分。
即使你不打算贷款大宗购物，如买车买房，你的信贷报告对生活仍很重要。房东常由这类报告来判断一个人是否可以信赖，能否按时付租金。办理信用卡也需要信贷审查，甚至连购买手机也不例外。
人们通常可以花八到九美元来获取自己的信贷报告。有些消费者组织建议每年买这样一份报告，借以发现其中可能存在的错误，甚而，探明其中是否有诈骗的行为。虽然该体系由法律操控，旨在保护人们的隐私，也难说其中没有一点乱子：有时人们拒缴欠贷，乃是借他人名义，毁他人名誉。
在一个沉溺于信贷的社会里，那会成为一种灾难。
Making Yourself a Good Record
If you are an American and you think you might need to borrow money someday, the best thing to do is start early.
That's because just as many employers want to hire only people with experience, banks, and other creditors are usually reluctant to lend to those __ 1__ a proven track record1 of paying back, __ 2__ time, the money they have borrowed.
But if you need experience just to get a start, how do you get that stat in the first place?
With a little help from your parents usually, while you are still financially dependent __ 3__ them. It is easy to get a credit card or student loan when you are in college, because banks figure your parents will bail you out if you fail to pay.
So just as students take on internships to build up their resumes, one's university time can be a good time to work on another important personal record: the credit __ 4__.
Credit reports are a __ 5 __ of one's personal credit history, gathered by a credit reporting agency, or CRA.
Banks and companies—__6__ hospitals, landlords and insurance companies-- regularly report to the three main CRAs in the US __7__ how their customers are doing at paying back the money they __ 8__ Anyone with a "legitimate business need" has the right to order individuals' reports from the CRAs. Potential creditors usually compile the information in the reports into a credit "score", ranking the level of creditworthiness. Lack of experience in borrowing in __9__ to a bad record of doing so, can result in a low score2.
Even if you are not considering taking out a loan for such a large purchase as a home or car, your credit report can be important to getting through life. Landlords often ask for the reports to judge __ 10 __ a person can be trusted to pay the rent. Credit checks are necessary for getting a credit card, even for purchasing a mobile phone calling plan.
People can obtain a copy of their own credit report, usually __ 11 __ a cost of around US$8-9. Some consumer organizations recommend doing this once a year to allow one to catch any mistakes __ 12 __ have slipped into the record or, even worse, to find out whether any fraud has taken place. Though the system is controlled by laws __ 13 __ to, protect people's privacy, it isn't fool-proof: Sometimes people take out bad loans in others names, __ 14 __ their records.
In a society addicted __ 15____ credit, that can be a disaster.
词汇：
creditor／n．债权人bail／v．准许保释
internship／n．实习医生实习期legitimate／adj．合法的
potential／adj．潜在的compile／v．编写
fraud／n．欺诈行为privacy／n．隐私
注释：
1．a proven track record：得到证明的成绩记录
2．Lack of experience in borrowing in addition to a bad record of doing so，can result in a low score．：除了借贷记录不好外，没有借贷经历会导致低分。
1. A) with B) without C) on D) by
2. A) in B) with C) by D) on
3. A) of B) in C) on D) with
4. A) report B) conclusion C) review D) introduction
5. A) explanation B) investigation C) summary D) examination
6. A) including B) included C) include D) includes
7. A) by B) with C) in D) on
8. A) own B) lend C) owe D) possess
9. A) addition B) conclusion C) consequence D) contrast
10. A) that B) whether C) what D) either
11. A) at B) by C) with D) on
12. A) these B) what C) that D) those
13. A) meant B) mean C) meaning D) means
14. A) building up B) updating C) improving D) ruining
15. A) on B) to C) by D) with
3. 漂亮极了
去年夏天，西班牙足球俱乐部巴塞罗那队为罗纳尔多付了3 500万美元。他们买的不是一张的漂亮的脸蛋。“我很丑，”这位巴西球星承认。“但每个人美的地方是不一样的。我所具有的魅力。”
的确是这样。足球场上，他的龅牙，飘垂的头发，开怀的笑容，当然还有那精湛的球艺总是那样引人注目。3月1日，这位23岁的中锋踢进2个球，以三比二击败拉科鲁尼亚队。这是巴塞罗那队一连六次取胜，这位巴西人贡献了10个进球。看上去很乏味的这个赛季现在以胜利结束。
罗纳尔迪尼奥，全名叫Ronaldo De Assis Moreira。众多南美人在世界舞台上展现自己的球艺前，是在偏僻街道上学到的，罗纳尔多就是其中之一。
当格雷米奥把这个七岁的孩子召到麾下，就期待出现奇迹。他很快就和罗纳尔多成为朋友，他那时是巴西队另一位年轻的足球明星。是罗纳尔多第一次称他为罗纳尔迪尼奥，意思是“小罗纳尔多”。大家就用这个名字称呼他。
他第一次为国家队踢球是1999年，但在2002年的世界杯上他才显示出了自己真正的价值，在巴西和英国的四分之一比赛中，以一个令人难以置信的任意球拿下了英国队。
“在重大比赛中，我向来都有进球。”罗纳尔迪尼奥说到。“我打比赛是基于即兴表演。通常一个前锋往往没有时间决定是射门还是传球。是本能发出的指令。”
尽管他没有大卫·贝克汉姆看上去英俊，但在球场外他则有花花公子的美名。他转会到巴塞罗那队之前在巴黎圣日尔曼效力，他曾打破俱乐部的规矩，晚上出去享受城市的夜生活。
“无疑，罗纳尔迪尼奥是我碰到过的最难管的球员，”前巴黎圣日尔曼队主帅路易斯·费尔南德斯说。“对任何教练来说，主要问题是有一个球员不守纪律可能会伤害整个球队。”
但罗纳尔迪尼奥并不认为他做错了什么。他说，“我只是个享受生活的年轻人。”
Pretty Good
When Spanish football club Barcelona paid US$35 million for Ronaldinho last summer, they weren't buying a pretty face. “I am 1 ,” admits the Brazilian superstar. “But ev eryone has got a different kind of beauty. What I 2 have is charm.”
Indeed he has. His buck teeth, flowing hair, big smile, and of course his 3 skills are always eye-catching on the pitch. The 23-year-old striker scored two goals in a 3-2 win over Deportivo La Coruna on March 1. It was Barcelona’s sixth win in a row and, thanks to their Brazilian’s10-goal contribution. 4 looked like a poor season could no end a success.
Ronaldinho—full name Ronaldo De Assis Moreira—is one of many South Americans who learned their skills playing in the backstreets before 5 them off on the world stage.
Great things were 6 when Gremio signed him as a seven-year-old, and he soon became friends with Ronaldo, who was then the other young star of Brazilian football. It was Ronaldo who first called him Ronaldinho. which 7 Little Ronaldo, and the name stuck.
He first 8 for his country in 1999 but it was at the 2002 World Cup where he showed his real worth,
scoring an unbelievable free-kick in Brazil’s quarter-final victory 9 England.
“I have never failed to deliver in big matches,” Ronaldinho says,“My game is based on10. Often a forward does not have the time to decide whether to shoot or pass. It is instinct that gives out the order.”
While he may not have David Beckham’s good looks, Ronaldinho has a 11 reputation off the pitch. At former club Paris Saint Germain. which sold him to Barcelona, he broke 12 rules by going out and enjoying the city’s nightlife.
“Without doubt. Ronaldinho is the most13 player I have ever come across,” says former PSG coach Luis Ferdandez. “The main14 for any coach is that one player without discipline can hurt the whole team.”
But Ronaldinho does n’t think he has done anything wrong. “I am just a young person who enjoys
15 ,” he says.
1. A. handsome B. good-looking C. attractive D. ugly
2. A. do B. must C. will D. could
3. A. dangerous B. frightening C. amazing D. awful
4. A. that B. which C. what D. who
5. A. demonstrating B. showing C. illustrating D. displaying
6. A. wanted B. hoped C. expected D. desired
7. A. means B. describes C. explains D. expresses
8. A. kicked B. worked C. acted D. played
9. A. at B. over C. on D. above
10. A. imagination B. hypotheses
C. improvisation
D. assumptions
11. A. cowboy B. good boy C. college boy D. playboy
12. A. group B. team C. club D. association
13. A. talented B. difficult C. skillful D. notorious
14. A. question B. issue C. point D. problem
15. A. life B. himself C. herself D. yourself
4. 我们的客人去哪里了?
Kenneth Arnod先生六十年前目睹了今天人们仍然能看得见的一样东西——这样东西永远地改变了大众文化。
在自驾飞机驶过美国华盛顿州的座座高山时，他发现了一队以碟子飞速掠过水面的移动方式飞着的奇怪物体，有呈月牙形，有呈碟形的。
媒体很快就炮制出了这个故事——飞碟在这里呢!外星人真的光顾地球了吗?他们的多次出现让美国军方不久就开始调查。军方称这些奇怪的物体为UFO——不明飞行物，这也是我们今天了解它们的。
军事调查并没有发现证据，可以说明从外层空间来了客人了。但还是有人相信，他们说，是军方掩盖了事实的真相，或者是因为外星人绝顶聪明，可以躲避最老练的军事分析家。
人们曾常常看到天空中的奇光。过去，人们从宗教的角度加以解释。而在一个宗教的影响不如以前，但科幻却很欢迎的世界里，外星来客的说法也就取代了上帝的示意这种说法。
UFO第一次露面的日子很重要。1947年，第二次世界大战结束后冷战开始了，无尽的冲突似乎总是困围着人类。跟先辈们一样，他们仰望天空，乞求上帝的援助。但这次他们顶礼膜拜的是拥有先进技术的超智能外星人。相信外星人是第一次科学迷信。
但是，即使是坚信UFO存在的人也不很确定外星人拜访地球的原因。宇宙很大，有理由认为
在太空中某个地方有生命存在，也有可能外星人已经找出穿越宇宙的方法。然而，有些人说他们曾被外星人带走，并拿他们做试验。为什么会有人穿越半个宇宙去找住在美国小镇上的人去做医学试验呢?
Where Have All Our Visitors Gone?
Sixty years ago, a man named Kenneth Arnold saw something that people are still ______1______today -something that changed popular culture for ever.
Flying his plane over mountains in the US state of Washington, he saw a line of strange objects, either crescent -shaped or disc-like, flying______2______ the motion of a saucer skimming on water.
The media soon picked up on the story - the Flying Saucers were here1! Was the earth being______ 3______ by creatures from another planet? Soon, so many sightings were made that the US military began to ______4______It called these strange objects UFO2s –Unidentified Flying Objects, and that is how they are 5 today.
Military investigations found no evidence of visitors from outer space. But that did not stop the true______6______ The military were______7______up, they said. Or ______ 8______it was because the travelers from space were of such superior intelligence that they could hide from the most sophisticated military analysts.
People have always seen strange lights in the sky. In the past these were explained in______9______ ways. In a world where religion was less influential and science fiction was popular, signs from god were replaced by visitors from other ______ 10______.
The date of the first UFO signings was also significant. In 1947, World War II had just ended and the ______11______ war was just beginning. Humanity seemed locked in endless conflicts. Like generations before them, people looked ______12______ the skies for help. But instead of seeking God, they looked for help from super-intelligent aliens with ______ 13______technology. Belief in UFOs became the first religion of science.
However, even people who believe in UFOs are not quite sure why they visit the earth. The universe is a big place and it is ______ 14______ to assume that there is life somewhere out there. It is possible that aliens have worked out how to travel through space. Yet some people report that they have been taken by aliens and have had experiments ______ 15______ on them. Why would anyone travel across half the universe to
conduct medical experiments on people living in small towns in the United States?
1. A) looking B) seeing C) seeking D) feeling
2. A) below B) underneath C) with D) under
3. A) ruled B) bombarded C) captured D) visited
4. A) investigate B) attack C) shoot D) confront
5. A) named B) called C) known D) dubbed
6. A) believers B) thinkers C) followers D) liars
7. A) hiding B) covering C) cheating D) tricking
8. A) definitely B) undoubtedly C) necessarily D) maybe
9. A) awkward B) crude C) religious D) foolish
10. A) planets B) continents C) countries D) regions
11. A) cool B) star C) nuclear D) cold
12. A) above B) to C) at D) up
13. A) traditional B) backward C) Classical D) advanced
14. A) unthinkable B) impossible C) reasonable D) insensible
15. A) performed B) carried C) brought D) taken
5.Why People Use Pseudonyms
我们没法选择出生时的名字，但是在很多国家人们可以在成年后改名。当然，绝大多数人即使不喜欢自己的名字也不会改。然而，有的人却付诸行动—尤其是艺术家！为什么艺术家想改名呢？有时仅源于单纯的私人原因。比如诺贝尔奖得主，智利诗人Neftali Reyes，因为不想让父亲知道自己写诗，就在年轻时改名为Pablo Neruda。有时改名的理由也很奇怪，就拿葡萄牙诗人Fernando Pessoa来说吧，他的笔名多达75个。为什么？他解释说：“每用一个不同的名字，我就写不同的诗。”然而，改名大多数是由于社会、历史、政治或文化因素。以下是一些最常见的情况：
也许是因为真名太长太难记。老实说，Madonna Louise Ciccone的确不如Madonna来得好记。简短的名字记起来容易得多，比如William Bradley改名为Brad Pitt, Edson Arantes doNasaimento 改名为Nascimento Pele。
有时改名是出于市场要求。比如，假使名字听起来太“外国”，就可能被换成在市场更容易认的名字。所以电影圈里的Ramon Estevez重起一个名字Martin Sheen。或者因为艺人的真名听上去没什么吸引力—Chad Everett确实比Raymond Cramton好听多了。
有时艺术家改名时会选择他们崇拜的人的名字。出于对威尔士诗人Dylan Thomas的崇敬，Robert Zimmerman把他的名字改成了Boo Dylan。
另一个原因可归结为现实考虑。过去，女人出书很难。为了避免这一局面，他们有时起男人的名字，英国作家Mary Anna Evans 把她的名字改为George Eliot，最后果真出版了自己的书！
Why People Use Pseudonyms
You can’t choose the name you are given at birth, but in many countries you can change it legally when you reach adulthood.. Of course, most people never change their names _1__ they feel unhappy about them. However, some people do _2__ this course of actio n－particularly artists! What makes an artist want to change their name? Sometimes it’s for purely _3__ reasons, such as the Nobel Prize winning poet from Chile, Neftali Reyes. He didn’t want his father to _4__ he was writing poetry, so he changed his name to Pablo Neruda when he was a young man. _5__ other times the reason may appear eccentric; take the case of the Portuguese poet Fernando Pessoa, _6__ wrote under 75 different names. The reason? “When I use a different name, I always write in a different way,” he explained. In most cases, _7__, the reason is for social, historical, or cultural reasons. Here are some of the most _8__:
The person’s real name is just _9__ long and difficult to remember. Let’s be honest, Madonna Louise Ciccone is not as _10__ to remember as just plain “Madonna”. And short names are much easier to remember: William Bradley became Brad Pitt and Edson Arantes do Nascimento became Pele.
Sometimes names are changed for marketing _11__. For example, if a name sounds too “foreign”, it may be changed to something that is more recognizable in a _12__. So in the film world, Ramon Estevez adopted the name Martin Sheen. Or maybe the artist’s real name doesn’t sound very attractiv e—Chad Everett does _13__ a lot better than Raymond Cramton.
Artists sometimes _14__ the name of someone they admire. Robert Zimmerman changed his name to Boo Dylan because of his admiration for the Welsh poet, Dylan Thomas.
Another reason may be practicality: in the past, women found it very difficult to get published. To _15__ this situation they sometimes gave themselves men’s names, so the English author Mary Ann Evans became George Eliot, and she did get her books published!
1. A as if B as C even if D even
2. A take B make C do D have
3. A private B individual C own D personal
4. A understand B know C recognize D observe
5. A At B On C In D During
6. A whom B which C who D that
7. A but B although C though D however
8. A popular B common C ordinary D average
9. A so B too C very D much
10. A easy B short C simple D brief
11. A aims B ends C goals D purposes
12. A market B film C country D business
13. A look B sound C appear D seem
14. A choose B give C change D get
15. A admit B assure C avoid D affect
6.进行中的改革
政府车辆使用的改革能够真正减少办公费用支出吗?虽然部分地区政府已经朝着改革的方向有所行动，但是，并没有报告显示支出减少这样的结果。
杭州政府上个月实施了改革。副局级以下官员不能将公务出差作为商业旅行。相反，他们每个月可以根据自己的行政级别取得300元到2,600元不等的补贴。这项改革的目的是让政府节省大量维护车辆的费用。
位于中国浙江省东部的杭州并不是第一个实施这类改革的地区。邻省江苏省的省会南京市在五年前就已经实施了。然而，却没有任何报告表明南京市政府通过这些措施节省了费用。政府官员每月可能有
出差补助。
公众有权利要求此类改革有透明度，因为这些费用花的正是纳税人的钱。纳税入要求政策制定有透明度是因为担心决策者做出有悖于他们利益的事。
很明显，这些补助不是基于工作的需要。低级的公务员比高级公务员出差更多。因此，这项改革的作用似乎很小。
只有透明度能告诉我们这些改革措施是否的确降低了政府的交通费用。如果没有公开改革所节省的费用数目，那么，公众有理由怀疑这项改革只是官员用车补的形式提高自己收入的一种手段。政府车辆的使用需要改革。2008年，政府花费了些购车费用，并且一年的使用和维护费用也是较大的。
一项研究表明，税收政策的改革越多，税率也会发生相应的调整。现在，唯一能够防些政府车辆改革发生恶性循环的方法就是更高级别政府机关能够对地方财政进行严格而透明的监管。
Reform on the Road
Will the reform on the use of government cars really reduce office expenditure 1 this count? There are no reports 2 such an outcome although some local governments have moved in that direction.
Hangzhou government 3 its reform last month. Officials below the level of deputy bureau chief cannot use official trips for business trips. Instead they get subsidies between 300 and 2,600 yuan a month according to their administrative rank. This reform is supposed to save the government the money involving in __4__ a large number of cars.
Hangzhou in east China Zhejiang province is not the first to attempt __5__ reform. Nanjing, capital of the neighboring Jiangsu province, did so five years ago. Yet there is no report available of how much money the Nanjing government has saved 6 these measures. All that we know about is. the fact 7 government officials get monthly subsidies for business trips.
The public have a right to 8 for transparency on the results of such reform 9 it is taxpayers' money that is being spent. Transparency is needed because people are 10 about policy, makers making policy against their own interests.
Obviously, the subsidies are not based on work needs. Lower level officials usually travel 11 than high-ranking officials. Therefore, the impact of reform appears to be diluted.
Transparency alone can tell us 12 the reform measures have indeed reduced government transport expenditure. If there is no disclosure of amounts saved by the reform, the public may have reason to suspect that the reform is actually a ploy 13 the income of officials in the form of a transport subsidy.
The way government cars are used needs to be reformed, The government spending on purchase of cars was 80 billion yuan in 2008, and use and maintenance amounts to around 300 billion yuan a year.
A study of ancient Chinese dynasties shows that the more reforms of the tax system, the heavier the taxes eventually _ 14 on subjects.
The only way to prevent this vicious cycles from happening with government car reform today
is for the higher authorities to have a strict and 15 audit of local finance.
练习：
1. A) on B) in C) about D) to
2. A) indicates B) indicating C) indicated D) indicate
3. A) completed B) terminated C) launched D) finished
4. A) maintaining B) maintained C) maintenance D) maintain
5. A) such a B) as such C) such that D) such
6. A) by B) on C) through D) in
7. A) which B) whether C) in which D) that
8. A) provide B) offer C) supply D) ask
9. A) because B) therefore C) because of D) thus
10. A) satisfied B) pleased C) skeptical D) confused
11. A) less B) more C) faster D) farther
12. A) how B) which C) that D) whether
13. A) increased B) to be increased C) to increase D) increase
14. A) levied B) taken C) consumed D) removed
15. A) opaque B) transparent C) obscure D) ambiguous
7.水
一开始，水就为人类提供了一种食物的来源以及旅行的交通航线。最初的人类文明出现于那些水在周围环境中起着重要作用的地方，这是水对人类独创性的一个挑战。埃及人根据尼罗河水每年的汛情制定出一年365天的日历。古代最有名的立法者——巴比伦人，发明了管理用水的法律。中国人从水上获得灵感，修建了千里大运河，这是一个复杂的体系，在将近2500年后的今天仍在使用而且依旧使工程师们惊叹不已。但是古代人从没有发现过一个彻底能解决水患的办法。黄河也被称做“中国的悲哀”，它是那样的不可预料和危险，以至于一场水灾就可能使100万人丧生。洪水使伟大的印度河谷文明停滞，排水设施的不足毁坏了它的大部分土地。今天，水一如既往地控制着人类。水的存在决定着人们选择安家建城的位置；水的猛烈可变性可以杀死人类或是人类的牲畜或庄稼。它的航线把人们联系起来；它的巨大价值或许会加剧已经危险的政治冲突。在我们这个时代有许多这样的例子。
Water
From the beginning, water has furnished man with a source of food and a highway to travel upon. The first civilizations arose where water was a dominant element in the environment, a challenge to man's ingenuity. The Egyptians invented the 365-day calendar in response to the Nile's annual flooding. The Babylonians, who were among the most famous law-makers in ancient times, invented laws regulating water usage. Water inspired the Chinese to build a 1,000 mile canal, a complex system which, after nearly 2,500 years, remains still practically in use nd still commands the astonishment of engineers.
But the ancients never found complete solutions to their water problems. The Yellow River is also known as "China's Sorrow"; it is so unpredictable and dangerous that in a single flood it has caused a million deaths .Floods slowed the great civilization of the Indus River Valley, and inadequate drainage mined much of its land. Today water dominates man as it always has done. Its presence continues to govern the location of his homes and cities; its violent variability can kill man or his herds or his crops; its routes links him to his fellows; its immense Value may add to already dangerous political conflicts. There are many examples of this
in our own time.
8. 爵士乐的早期形式
音乐的形成方式多种多样；而且，多数国家都有其独特的音乐风格。爵士乐诞牛于上世纪之初，当时美国还没有明显属于自己的音乐。十九世纪九十年代初期，美国人开始欣赏爵士乐，但并没有人确切地知道何人何时发明了它。爵士乐是美国对流行音乐的—个贡献。与遵循欧洲传统的古典音乐相比，爵士乐以即兴演奏和变化丰富的节奏为特点。它充满活力，表达了人们的心情；兴趣和感情。在二十世纪二十年代，爵士乐成为具有显著美国特色的音乐，今天亦然。爵士乐的起源就像是音乐本身，同样引起了人们的兴趣。现在的美国黑人(Negro是过去的蔑视称呼)是爵士乐的先行者。他们曾被当成奴隶，贩卖给南方各州的庄园主，被迫长期从事艰苦的劳动。那时，某个黑人去世后，他的亲朋好友会自发形成队伍，将其遗体送到墓地。在新奥尔良，爵士乐队通常是葬礼行进队列的——部分。他们演奏着庄严低沉的进行曲带领着队伍向着墓地前进。但是，在回来的路上，他们的心情改变了。他们情绪高涨，因为死神虽夺取了他们的朋友，但还活着的人就应该快乐的生活。乐队演奏轻快的进行曲，即兴地改编着葬礼上演奏的那些和谐、优美的曲调。和着改编后的轻快音乐，他们跳着舞。这就是爵士乐的早期形式。
An Early Form of Jazz Music
Music comes in many forms; most countries have a style of their own. At the turn of the last century, ____ 1 _ jazz was born, America had no prominent __2 __ of its own. No one knows exactly when was invented or by whom. But it began to be __ 3 __ in the early 1890s. Jazz is America's contribution to __ 4 __ music. In contrast to classical music, which ____5____ formal European traditions, jazz is spontaneous and free in form1. It bubbles with energy, ____6____ the moods, interests, and emotions of the people. In the' 1920s jazz _____7______ like America. And so it does today. The ____8____ of the music are as interesting as the music itself. American Negroes, or blacks, as they are called today, were the jazz pioneers. They were brought to the Southern states ____9____ slaves. They were sold to plantation owners and forced to work long hours. When a Negro died his friends and relatives __ 10 a procession to carry to body to the cemetery. In New Orleans, a band often accompanied the ____11 . On the way to the cemetery the band played slow, solemn music, suited to the occasion. ____12____ on the way home the mood changed. Spirits lifted. Death had removed one of their number2, but the living were glad to be __ 13____. The band played 14music, improvising on both the harmony and the melody of the tunes3__ 15 ____ at the funeral. This
music made everyone want to dance. It was an early form of jazz.
1. A) while B) when C) since D) as
2. A) music B) songs C) melodies D) tunes
3. A) listened B) noticed C) heard D) found
4. A) classical B) sacred C) popular D) serious
5. A) introduces B) follows C) takes D) approaches
6. A) disclosing B) explaining C) expressing D) exposing
7. A) sounded B) felt C) looked D) seemed
8. A) discoveries B) originals C) resources D) origins
9. A) like B) for C) as D) by
10. A) composed B) formed C) hosted D) demonstrated
11. A) body B) demonstration C) procession D) march
12. A) Furthermore B) Similarly C) But D) Therefore
13. A) live B) alive C) life D) there
14. A) sad B) solemn C) happy D) funeral
15. A) sung B) showed C）played D）expressed
9.美丽就是一切
冬天北京人都穿得很厚来防寒，而在美国，人们穿得很少，一个原因是轿车已经成为了主要的交通工具，它可以把人们直接送到单位，而单位又有暖气。还有个原因是美国的饮食里含热量高，能在短时间内燃烧所需要的热量。
轻便的衣服给人们提供了时尚的机会。许多耶鲁女孩甚至在外部气温为10摄氏度的天气下穿短裙。其中一些至少还穿着靴子，裤袜和暖腿套。而有些真是只是为了漂亮而牺牲健康。她们的双腿露在凛冽的寒风中，脚上也没有穿袜子，所穿就只是一条迷你裙和一双细高跟鞋。
典型的说，那些追求时尚的人都是非常苗条，几乎没有脂肪的人。仅看她们的体质，与正常人相比，抵御寒冬的能力就已经处于劣势。每当我走过这些女孩的时候，我总是想，她们怎么能做得到不哆嗦，并且还能带着似乎春天已经来临的微笑。
男孩也这样，可以说女孩是为了漂亮而牺牲了健康，但男孩子为什么穿这么少呢?好像并不是，他们穿得少了，就突然变得更好看了。当冬天最冷的时候他们仅仅穿着花哨的短裤和洗澡用的拖鞋时在确切意义上并不显得更时髦，也不讨人喜欢。
当然，人们有决定自己穿着的自由。我只是觉得惊讶，在康涅狄格州冬夏温度相差很大的情况下，他们仍然看上去像是在二月中旬的海滩上聚会。
Freezing to Death for Beauty
People in Beijing wear a lot of clothing during winter to fend off the cold. In the United States, however, people wear less , partly because the car is the primary mode of transportation. Cars take them straight to their workplaces, which are heated well. The American diet is full of calories, so their bodies can afford to bum heat more quickly.
Fewer layers of clothing give people the opportunity to stay fashionable .Lots of Yale girls wear skirts even when it's 10 degrees Centigrade outside. Some of them at least wear boots, tights, and leg-warmers. Some, however, really just go for the look at the risk of health. These girls have nothing to prevent their legs against the wind, and no socks to protect their feet. A mini skirt and a pair of stilettos are all that they wear.
Typically, the ones pursuing fashion are skinny , with little body fat. Just by the nature of their bodies, they are already at a disadvantage compared with normal people in cold weather. I have always wondered , whenever I pass these girls, how they manage to refrain from shivering and just smile like spring had arrived.
And then there are the guys. The girls can be said to sacrifice health for beauty. But why do guys wear so little? It is not like, once they shed some layers, they suddenly become better-looking. They are not exactly being fashionable when they only wear sporty shorts and shower slippers in the midst of winter. It's not cute.
Of course, people have the freedom to look whatever way they want. I am just surprised that, given
the vast difference between winter and summer temperatures in Connecticut, they can still look like they are
partying on the beach in the middle of February.
10. 理想的丈夫
科学现在可能可以解释女性对布拉德·皮特面容和乔治·克鲁尼眼睛的迷恋。新的研究显示，女性似乎是根据男性特征的情况来选择配偶的。具有方形的下颌和轮廓清晰的眉骨的男性被视为理想的短期伴侣，而具有女性特征比如圆脸和厚嘴唇的男性则被视为更合适的长期伴侣。
丹尼尔在密歇根大学进行的一项研究中，854个调查对象观看了通过数字化使得男性特征变得更突出或更不显眼的一系列头部镜头。然后她们回答了期望镜头中的男性是如何表现的。
大多数的调查对象认为那些面部特征更阳刚的男性可能会更危险，更好胜，更好斗，更倾向于挑战—土司，欺骗配偶和不愿意承担起做家长的责任。那些具有较女性化面孔的男性则被视为是好父亲和好丈夫，努力工作和支持伴侣的人选。
尽管所有的这些消极特征，但当问到她们会选择谁作为短期伴侣，女性却选择了更加阳刚的男性。具有方形下颌和轮廓清晰的眉骨的布拉德·皮特和乔治·克鲁尼被视为是短暂恋情的理想人选，但他们不适合作长期的伴侣。
这项研究发表在第十二期美国《人际关系》杂志上。
Kruger认为从进化的角度看这这项研究成果很有道理。研究认为是睾丸激素和荷尔蒙决定男性面部特征和其它性别特征的发育。这项研究还发现影响人体抵御疾病的因素，那就是体内荷尔蒙水平高的男性通常更强壮和健康。这些特征是女性愿意遗传给下一代的。
然而增长的荷尔蒙又会导致伴侣关系中的欺骗和暴力。所以Kruger说，这些男性会有高质量的后代，但他们不会是称职的父亲和忠实的伴侣。
观相术把某些面部特征和行为特征联系在一起，对此学术界持怀疑态度。但Kruger争辩说这个研究是一个了解选择配偶策略的有价值的工具。当然这也可以解释为什么梁朝伟和Takeshi Kanesshiro拥有数以百万计的女影迷。这或许和他们的基因有关系。或许和我们的基因有关系。
The Ideal Husband
Science now might be able to explain women's fascination with Brad Pitt's face and George Clooney's eyes. Women seem to ____ 1 __ potential mate by how masculine their features are, new research shows. Men with square jaws and well-defined brow ridges1 are seen as good short-term partners, __ 2 ____ those with more feminine traits such as a rounder face and fuller lips are perceived as better long-term mates.
In the study by Daniel Kruger at the US's University of Michigan, 854 subjects viewed a series of __ 3 __ head shots that had been digitally changed to exaggerate or minimize masculine.traits2 They then ____
4____ questions about how they expected the men in the photos to behave.
Most participants said that those with more masculine features were __ 5__ to be risky, competitive, and more apt to fight, challenge bosses, cheat on spouses and put less effort into parenting. Those with more feminine __ 6__ were seen as good parents and husbands, hard workers and emotionally supportive mates.
But, despite all the negative characteristics, when asked who they would choose for a short-term relationship, women selected the more masculine __ 7__ men. Brad and George, both chiseled jaws and well-defined brows, then would be good for a __8 __ romance, not for something longer.
The study was published in the December issue of the US journal Personal Relationships.
Kruger said that from an evolutionary perspective, this __ 9 __ sense. The key is testosterone, the hormone responsible __10__ the development of masculine facial features and other sexual characteristics.
It has been found to affect the body's ability to fight disease: men with high levels of the hormone are typically ____11____ and healthy- traits women want to pass on to their children.
However, increased testosterone has also been linked to __12 __ and violence in relationships. So, these men __ 13 __ produce high quality offspring, but they don't always make great parents or faithful mates, Kruger says.
The scientific community3 have __ 14__ skepticism toward physiognomy, which links facial characteristics to certain behavioral traits. But Kruger argues that the research is a valuable tool for understanding mating strategies. And, of course, for explaining why Tony Leung and Takeshi Kanesshiro have millions of female __15__ . It might have to do with their genes. Or something to do with ours.
1. A) make B) judge C) date D) meet
2. A) where B) when C) while D) which
3. A) female B) beautiful C) attractive, D) male
4. A) answered B) asked C) constructed D) built.
5. A) likely B) possible C) probable D) necessary
6. A) bodies B) hands C) arms D) faces
7. A) seeming B) appearing C) looking D) pretending
8. A) fast B) brief C) quick D) swift
9. A) makes B) causes C) does D) forms
10. A) of B) at C) for D) in
11. A) normal B) ordinary C) weak D) strong
12. A) cheat B) cheats C) cheated D) cheating
13. A) must B) might C) have to D) should
14. A) shown B) told C) stated D) said
15. A) spouses B) fans C) partners D) mates
11.关于网络交友和分手
这位年轻的女子明显地不安，想要抒发胸中的闷气。
“怎么了”?我问她。
“我刚刚被朋友抛弃了”。她说。
如今，对于我来说，被朋友抛弃不是一个熟悉的词，自从我来到北京以后，我已经成为许多人的朋友，也被许多朋友所抛弃。
结果显示，这是一个新词，是由互联网精明的年轻。一代创建的Facebook发明的，它尤其与全球社会网络的现象有关。
那些已经加入成为该网站成员的也可以邀请朋友加入。然后，他们可以共享照片，“聊天”，交换信息和意见，并执行其他应用程序相互访问的主机。
我见过一些人的网站吹嘘，数百个朋友，假如他们登录到自己的电脑或挂接到一个高规格的手机，就即刻离开了光缆。
它为世界上在线访问的任何人创造了“成为朋友”的可能性。目前Facebook有150万用户，这意味着有很多“朋友”产生于这里。
这样做的缺点是，你可能被朋友抛弃。你可能被以前曾邀你成为他或她的朋友的人拒绝访问，你可以这样做而不立即被指责。
也许有一次，在学校操场，一个孩子暴躁地向另一个人喊叫，“我再也不想成为你的朋友贾”，现在通过远程控制，点击按钮同样的可以造成伤害，使一张脸消失了。
对于被朋友抛弃一个有争议的的方面是，不像其他的申请，诸如“你在想什么呢?”往往可怕，阴郁，沉闷和绝望的数字存储)，任何信息都不会被发送来改变你和你的联系人的关系。你只知道当你尝试访问“朋友”的网站，你会发现你不能再进去了，这一发现的拖延往往是双重伤害。
正如在现代战争中炸弹被无情地发射到一个看不见的敌人，这种关系也被无情地抛出窗外，没有任何面对面卷土重来的危险。只要你在那里一秒钟，你将被删除。
On the Net Friends Come and Go, Talking of...
The young woman was visibly 1 and clearly wanted to get something off her chest.
"What's up?" I 2___.
"I've just been defriended," she said.
Now "defriended" is a word __3 I am not familiar. I have been befriended 4 and befriended- many people since arriving in Beijing. But defriended ?
It turns 5 this is a new word created by the Internet-savvy younger generation specifically in relation to the worldwide social networking phenomenon, Facebook.
Those who join can invite friends to become members of the site, 6. They can then share photographs, "chat", swap messages and observations and perform a host of other mutually accessible applications.
I've seen some people's sites __7.__ hundreds of friends, all moments away down a fiber optic Cable, providing they are logged on to their computers or hooked up to a high-spec cell phone.
It creates the possibility of "befriending" anyone in the world who has online access. Currently, Facebook has 150 million users. That means there's a lot of "friends" out there.
The 8 is that you can be "defriended" - you can be denied access to the Facebook site someone who had previously invited to be his or her friend. And you can do it without the potential for instant recrimination.
Where once, in the school playground, one child might have petulantly shouted 9 another, "I'm not going to be your friend any more", now the same hurt and loss of face can be performed remotely with the click of a button.
A 10 aspect of " defriending" is that, unlike with other applications such as the "what are you thinking about?" posting a digital depository of the often dire, 11 , dull and desperate, no message is sent out alerting you or your contacts about the change in status. You only find out you have 12 when you try to visit a "friend's" site, and you find you can no longer get in. the delay of the discovery is all too often doubly hurtful.
Just as bombs are dispatched impersonally __13 an unseen enemy in modem warfare, 14 relationships are blown out of the window with the same callous disregard, without the risk of any face-to-face comeback. One second you are there, 15 you are deleted.
练习：
1. A) satisfied B) friendly C) moved D) upset
2. A) complained B) explained C) inquired D) argued
3. A)with which B) in which C) which D) that ,
4. A) on B) by C) with D) in
5. A) about B) out C) around D) in
6. A) too B) either C) yet D) neither
7. A) exaggerating B) overstating C) boasting D) showing off
8. A) benefit B) advantage C) downside D) merit
9. A) at B) in C) on D) farward
10. A) neutral B) controversial C) astonishing D) remarkable
11. A) exciting B) dreary C) cheerful D) bright
12. A) been dumped B) dumped C) being dumped D) dumping
13. A) forward B) for C) into D) against
14. A) and B) since C) so D) but
15. A) the next B) the last C) the first D) a next
12.
Muhammad Ali 极有可能是世界上最负盛名的体坛人物：全世界不分老少都熟知拳王Ali。退役后，Ali被诊断患有帕金森综合症，这激起了社会上对拳击运动危险性的争论和诟病。另外，由于Ali曾坦白反对女性拳击运动，所以当他的一个女儿—Laila决定跨入拳坛时，人们十分好奇Ali对此会作何回应。然而，在Laila首场职业争霸赛上，Ali的露面似乎高调宣布了他对女儿的支持。父亲当然会想看自己女儿的比赛。介绍时，入场播报员称Ali为“最伟大的拳击手”，当他在台边坐下时全场欢呼。
21岁的Laila 在她的首场比赛中取得了巨大成功，如她父亲当年一样，被受媒体关注。可惜对手实在太弱，仅31秒比赛就结束了。此后，在大多数比赛中，Laila都是一拳取胜。一个裁判在谈及Laila时说：“她完全知道她在做什么，她深谙步法，从她身上你能看到她父亲的影子。”
比之总被拿来与自己父亲作比较，Laila更希望闯出自己。她的父亲支持她踏入拳坛的决定，可是没有细致告诉她可能发生的一切。Laila明白她父亲想让她自己品味最苦的后果，自己决定要不要在这条路上走下去。她也明白她将时不时受到重击，甚至可能断了鼻子肿了脸，但是至少，她做好了准备。尽管父亲深受帕金森综合症的困扰，Laila仍决定走上拳坛道路，这一举动引起的争论和诟病不断。但Laila生性好强、意志坚决，这样的性格连同她那响当当的姓氏，使她颇受世界媒体的关注。当然，在她承载着Ali家族的历史出现在女性拳击赛台上的时候，更多的人对此表示疑问：这究竟是一场竞技比赛，还是一场做秀表演？
Sport or Spectacle?
Muhammad Ali is probably the most famous sports figure on earth: he is recognized on every continent and by all generations. The diagnosis of his illness _1__ Parkinson’s disease after his retirement fuelled the debate about the dangers of boxing and criticism _2__ the sport. That, plus his outspoken opposition _3__ women’s boxing, made people wonder how he would react when one of his daughters decided to take _4__ the sport. His presence at Laila’s first professional fight, _5__, seemed to broadcast her father’s support. Of course Muhammad Ali wanted to watch is daughter fight. The ring announcer introduced him as the “the greatest”and as he sat down at the ringside the crowd chanted.
Twenty-one-year-old Laila’s debut fight was a huge success and there was as much publicity for fight _6__ her father’s fights once attracted. _7__, Laila’s opponent was much weaker than she was and the fight lasted
just 31 seconds. Since then, Laila has won most of her fights by knocking out her opponent. “She know s _8__ she’s doing, all right,” said one referee about her. “She knows about moving well. You can see some of her dad’s moves.”
Laila Ali would rather not compare herself _9__ her father. She prefers to make her own _10__. Her father supports her decision to enter the sport but he has not spared her the details of what can happen. Laila realizes that her father wants her to understand the _11__ possible scenario to see _12__ she still wants to go forward with it. She knows she’s going to get hit hard at times, that she may get a broken nose or a swollen face, but at least she is prepared for it.
Laila’s decision to start boxing _13__ her father’s struggle with the symptoms of Parkinson’s disease has of course sparked a mixture of debate and _14__. But Laila is a feisty and determined individual and it is that as much as her famous last name that has made her a magnet for worldwide media attention. Of course, the _15__ on the boxing scene of a woman with her family history attracts even more questions about whether women’s boxing is sport or spectacle.
1. A with B for C as D by
2. A of B on C for D at
3. A on B to C with D at
4. A after B over C along D up
5. A therefore B however C accordingly D whereas
6. A as B like C for D to
7. A Luckily B Similarly C Undoubtedly D Unfortunately
8. A that B what C how D why
9. A as B like C to D against
10. A fight B name C success D image
11. A better B best C worse D worst
12. A if B that C what D how
13. A in spite B spite C despite D despite of
14. A argument B criticism C quarrel D bickering
15. A arrival B birth C departure D attention
13.种族偏见
在一些种族偏见尖锐的国家，暴力已经开始理所当然地成为一种解决分歧的手段；而且这也是毫无疑问的了。在有些国家，白人用残忍的手段进行统治；有些国家，黑人则在城市中以放火、抢劫和掠夺来抗议。而双方的重要人物，虽然在其他方面显得很理智，也按捺不住起身为支持暴力活动辩护——似乎，像别的情况一样，这是一种合法的解决方法。真正使人感到可怕的，真正使你感到绝望的是认识到往往在关键时刻我们实际上根本没有取得任何进步。虽然我们穿起了衬衣，打上了领带，不一周往脸上和身上涂上战前的颜料，但我们的本能基本上仍然没有改变。在有记载的全部人类历史中，那漫长的暴力记录，并没有让我们吸取任何教训。我们始终没有认识到暴力从来就没有解决过任何问题，却只会使问题更加尖锐。恐怖、流血和痛苦没有任何意义。在我们忧郁地注视着冒着烟的废墟，考虑着什么使我们变成这样时，我们并不能找到什么解决问题的方法。
真正有理智的人知道解决问题的方法在哪儿，他们发现要让别人听从他们的意见越来越难。他们受
自己人的蔑视得不到他们的信任，甚至自己人还迫害他们，只是因为他们竭力主张使用像执法这样的暴力方式来解决问题。如果我们把在使用暴力活动的一半精力用在有益的事情上，如果我们努力清除贫民区，使所有人提高生活水平，为所有人提供教育和就业机会，那么我们很快就会找到解决问题的方法。
Racial Prejudice
In some countries where racial prejudice is acute, violence has been taken for granted as a means of solving differences; and this is not even questioned. There are countries _____1_____ the white man imposes his rule by brute force; there are countries where the black man protests by _____2_____ fire to cities and by looting and pillaging. Important people on both sides, who would in other respects appear to be _____3_____ men, get up and calmly argue _____4_____ violence—as if it were a legitimate solution, like any other. What is really frightening, what really fills you _____5_____ despair, is the realization that when it comes to the crunch, we have made no actual progress _____6_____. We may wear collars and ties instead of war-paint, but our instincts remain basically unchanged. The whole of the _____7_____ history of the human race, that tedious documentation of violence, has taught us absolutely nothing. We have still not learnt that violence never _____8_____ a problem but makes it more acute. The sheer horror, the bloodshed and the suffering _____9_____ nothing. No solution ever comes to light the morning after when we dismally contemplate the smoking ruins and wonder _____10_____ hit us.
The truly reasonable men who know where the solutions _____11_____ are finding it harder and harder to get a hearing. They are despised, mistrusted and even persecuted by their own _____12_____ because they advocate such apparently outrageous things _____13_____ law enforcement. If half the energy that goes into violent acts were _____14_____, if our efforts were directed at cleaning up the slums and ghettos, at improving living-standards and providing education and employment _____15_____ all, we would have gone
a long way to arriving at a solution.
1. A. where B. that C. which D. who
2. A. giving B. catching C. setting D. letting
3. A. reasonable B. reasonably C. reasonless D. reason
4. A. for the sake of B. for fear of C. in case of D. in favor of
5. A. of B. with C. by D. up
6. A. at all B. after all C. at last D. in the end
7. A. record B. recording C. recorded D. records
8. A. keeps B. deals C. answers D. solves
9. A. meant B. mean C. is meaning D. are meaning
10. A. what B. that C. / D. which
11. A. lay B. lays C. lie D. lies
12. A. kind B. way C. right D. rule
13. A. like B. so C. that D. as
14. A. put to use good B. put to good use C. put good to use D. good put to use
15. A. by B. at C. for D. with
14.变性手术的准则的起草
据卫生部网站昨天发布的通知，中国已经开始发行关于变性手术的临床指南。
卫生部正在征集公众意见草稿和专业的指导。即将到来的方针旨在规范变性手术，这是一种为变性人进行的性别错位症的治疗。
专家估计，近2,000名中国人已经历了变性手术而10～40万人仍在考虑之中。然而，并无相关的官方报道。在草案中卫生部为进行手术的候选人和医疗机构制定了最低标准。
起草方针中规定手术候选人必须超过20岁，并且单身。他们还要求要对性变化有持久的热情，生活至少连续五年的新性别角色，并从事心理疗法至少一年。
在手术开始之前和一系列有关治疗的方案讨论完之后，候选人必须要接受心理学家对手术提出的建议。
同时，法律或法规中的条文也必须遵守。
手术候选人必须向警察提供证据，证明进行变性手术的他或她过去并无任何的犯罪行为。
Sex change surgery guidelines drafted
China is set to 1 its first clinical guideline on sex-change surgery, according to a notice put on the website of the Ministry of Health yesterday.
The ministry is now soliciting public and professional opinions on the draft guideline. The coming guideline aims to regulate and standardize sex reassignment surgery, part of a treatment for gender identity disorder in transsexuals.
Experts 2 nearly 2,000 Chinese have undergone sex-change surgery while 100,000 to 400,000 are still considering it. However, no official number is available. In the draft, the MOH sets 3 Criteria for both surgical candidates and medical institutions.
Candidates for the surgery must be older than 20 and single, the draft guideline said. They are also required to prove a persistent desire for a sex change, to live for at least five consecutive years full-time in the new gender role, and to engage 4 mental therapy for at least one year.
Before surgery can take place, a candidate must receive a recommendation for the operation from a __5__ after an appropriate series of therapy sessions.
Also, several legal requirements 6 be met before the procedure. The candidate must provide proof from police that he or she has does not have any criminal offenses in the past.
Police must also agree to change the sex status on the identity card of the 7 receiver before the operation can take 8
The advent of such a guideline 9 to show that the government is concerned 10 the needs of a relatively small 11 of people who want to change sex.
But doctors also warn that all stakeholders, including the hospital and prospective receivers, should be highly cautious about this surgery.
The operation is more than a medical procedure due 12 its huge social and legal consequences. Doctors should make it clear to those __13__ sex-change surgeries that the option always remains to continue
职称英语考试完形填空解题技巧 1. 三一定律：如果选项当中有三个词同义、意思相近、或者是褒贬色彩一样。那么这种情况下，与这三个选项有区别的那一项99%是正确选项。 2. 如果选项当中有两个选项的词的词形结构有类似的地方，它的不同往往就会带上一些语法标志（如动词的时态、名词的单复数等）。这两个选项当中一定有一个是正确选项，在回到文章当中去比对，就很容易找出正确答案了。那么我们可以排除掉其它两个选项。 3. 如果选项中有两个词同义且有细微的区别，答案必在其中，取范围广者。 4. 如果选项中有两个选项互为反义，答案在其中，回原文找线索。 5. 两个并列动词之间的关系：①中间加to；②后面动词加ing；③加动词原形，前动词是使役动词。 6. 横线后面出现了than，则横线上多半考的就是形容词或副词的比较等级。 7. 选项中某个词在文章的前面或是后面出现过，那么此词很有可能是正确答案。 8. 剩余的实词题就需要根据原文的内容来确定:如果横线前后提到了选项当中提到了选项当中的某个词，那么横线就
极有可能是这个选项。 9. 词义辨析，直接通过四个选项词的意思 9. 介词题考的是固定搭配，其前的动词或名词、其后的名词就显得尤其的重要。要求考生一定要背一些固定搭配的短语。 10. 连接代词和连接副词题，考的就是从句的引导词(尤其是以定语从句为主)：①如果横线前是介词，则选项应选which；②如果选项中有“介词+which”这个选项，则该选项多半是正确答案；③非限定性定语从句中，先行词是人，用who，先行词是物，用which，先行词是句子，用which； ④三种用that的情况。 接下来，我们就以实际的一篇例题来让大家体会一下，到底我们所讲的这个解题技巧在完形填空的解题当中起到了多大的作用： Think as a Hacker Does At the brand-new Hacker Academy in Chicago, US, students learn about phishing schemes, firewall breaches, and advanced tricks for breaking into confidential documents and revealing passwords. But it's not nearly as illegal as it sounds. The academy doesn't teach people to be （1）, but to "think like hackers" - and hopefully to stay one step ahead of （2）.
第四篇 Animal?s “Sixth Sense” A tsunami was triggered by an earthquake in the Indian Ocean in December, 2004. It killed tens of thousands of people in Asia and East Africa. Wild animals, 1 , seem to have escaped that terrible tsunami. This phenomenon adds weight to notions that 1 they possess a “sixth sense” for 2 , experts said. Sri Lankan wildlife officials have said the giant waves that killed over 24,000 people along the Indian Ocean island?s coast clearly 3 wild beasts, with no dead animals found. “N o elephants arc dead, not 4 a dead rabbit. I think animals can 5 disaster. They have a sixth sense. They know when things are happening,” H. D. Ratnayake, deputy director of Sri Lanka?s Wildlife Department, said about one month after the tsunami attack. The 6 washed floodwaters up to 2 miles inland at Yala National Park in the ravaged southeast, Sri Lanka?s biggest wildlife 7 and home to hundreds of wild elephants and several leopards. “There has been a lot of 8 evidence about dogs barking or birds migrating before volcanic eruptions or earthquakes. But it has not been proven,” said Matthew van Lierop, an animal behavior 9 at Johannesburg Zoo. “There have been no ＿10＿ studies because you can?t really test it in a lab or field setting 2 ,” he told Reuters. Other authorities concurred with this 11 . “Wildlife seem to be able to pick up certain 12 , especially birds … there are many reports of birds detecting impending disasters,” said Clive Walker, who has written several books on African wildlife. Animals 13 rely on the known senses such as smell or hearing to avoid danger slid as predators. The notion of an animal “sixth sense” — or 14 other mythical power is an enduring one 3 which the evidence on Sri Lanka?s ravaged coast is likely to add to. The Romans saw owls 15 omens of impending disaster and many ancient cultures viewed elephants as sacred animals endowed with special power or attributes. 词汇： tsunami /tsju:5nB:mi / n.海啸 concur /kEn5kE: / v.(with)同意，赞成 trigger /5tri^E / v.引发，触发 impending /im5pendiN / adj.迫近的 ravaged adj.被毁坏的 predator /5predEtE / n.食肉动物 leopard /5lepEd / n.豹 mythical /5miWikEl/ adj.神话般的 eruption /i5rQpFEn / n.喷发 owl /Eul / n.猫头鹰 migrate /mai5^reit / v.迁移 omen /5Eumen / n.预兆，征兆 volcanic /vCl5kAnik / adj.火山的 endow /in5dau / v.赋予注释: 1. adds weight to notions that ：更加相信…… 2. field setting ：field 意为“实地，野外”， setting 意为“环境”。 field setting 可译为“野外环境”。 3. enduring one ：由来已久的信念。 one 指代在句首出现的， noiton enduring 意为“持久的，永久的”。练习：
2020年职称英语新增文章：教材理工类第六篇 第六篇 The Apgar Test The baby was bom at 3：36 p. m. At 3：37，she scored 4 out of 10 on her first test. At 3：41，she scored 8 out of 10. The doctor was glad. Another baby, bom at 8：24 p. m.，scored 3 out of 10 on his first test He scored 4 out of 10 on his second test. He took another test at 8：34 and scored 5. 1 He called for help1. These newborn babies took a test called the Apgar test. This test helps doctors diagnose problems. 2 Most babies take two tests. The first is at 1 minute after birth, and the second is at 5 minutes after birth. If a baby’s score at 5 minutes is less than 6，the baby takes another test at 10 minutes after birth. The Apgar t est is not an intelligence test. It’s a test that shows a baby’s health right after it is bom. The Apgar test measures things such as a baby’s color, heart rate, and breathing. The test has five parts, and the score for each part can be 0，1，or 2. 3
职称英语考试通关策略 Company number：【WTUT-WT88Y-W8BBGB-BWYTT-19998】
【经典资料，ＷＯＲＤ文档，可编辑修改】 【经典考试资料，答案附后，看后必过，ＷＯＲＤ文档，可修改】 职称英语考试通关策略 考试很多时候除了考查考生的知识能力以外，还要考查考试策略，答题的顺序和时间的统筹安排，现在我就给大家介绍一些考试策略。 概述 1、词汇、阅读理解、完型填空所占分值最高（合计高达75分），放到前面来做，避免万一时间不够，可以确保先抓住大部分分数。 2、词汇、阅读理解、完型填空都是部分来自教材，放到前面来做，记忆比较深刻，答题成功率较高。 3、阅读判断放到最后，这样可以腾出时间给需要查词典即可稳拿分数的词汇题。 词汇篇 1、带上一本好用的词典，因职称英语词汇数量有限，直接查同义词词典，一般前三个义项就会有答案。 2、词组记忆相对容易而查词典找同义词相对较困难，又因试题有4-9题来自教材练习，所以必须记住教材中的词组题。教材词汇练习一共100题，其中有词组的也就20个左右，记住却对没有困难！ 3、考试时看到有教材中的词组题则直接答上，其余的查词典。 阅读理解篇 1、熟记教材文章练习题的正确答案，重点掌握去年教材上没有的新增文章。考试时先找教材上的文章，做出来。 2、其他文章，先做考试题目中有人名、地名、国家名、数字、年代等专有名词的题。 3、勾画出考试题目中的关键词（一般是名词，不必认识它也不必查词典），然后到文章中找一样的关键词定位。 4、定位关键词后，对比文章中关键词附近的词或者词组，与答案选项中词或者词组重合得最多的即为正确答案。 5、如果你无法定位关键词，则 1) 如有选项为“以上X项皆是”，即为正确答案； 2) 看四个答案选项中有无大部分相似的。如有，若意思完全相反的其中一个必是答案；若意思并非相反的则较长选项的为答案。如没有大部分相似的，则最长的选项为答案。（根据经验，这是答对概率最大的选择） 6、如果考试题目是针对文章中的某个单词的意思，那么这就相当于是一个词汇题，则同义词词典又派上用场了！ 7、如果考试题目是问文章主旨（如作者的观点、替换文章标题等）的，则需要细读文章题目、每段第一句和文章最后一句，并大致搞清意思。然后选择意思最接近的一项答案。 概括大意、完成句子篇 1、概括大意（4题）：先看考题要求概括哪4个段落的大意，然后分别细读该4个段落的第一句和最后一句，然后与各个选项对比，选项中大部分词或者词组与段落的第一句或最后一句中词或者词组重合得最多的即为正确答案。概括大意其实就是找文章各段落主题句，而段落主题句往往就是该段落的第一句和最后一句。 2、完成句子（4题）：先勾画出每个考试题目中的关键词，然后回到文章中定位（具体方法请参考阅读理解篇做题方法），最后把文章中关键词附近的词和词组与各个答案选项相对比，词和词组重合最多的即为正确答案。完成句子其实就是告诉你一句话的一部分让你找另一部分。利用定位关键词找到了这句话在文章中的位置，则确定另一部分就不难了。
职称英语考试完形填空拿高分的技巧2017年职称英语考试完形填空拿高分的技巧 (1)语法和词汇 (2)固定搭配 (3)上下文的逻辑推理 在最后的冲刺阶段，首要任务是将职称英语教材中的新增文章再次复习一遍，加强对文章的记忆和理解。 其次，职称英语考生需要参考历年完型考试的真题，熟悉题型特点，考生可以从历年真题中总结并学习职称英语考试中一些不断重复的语法考点，比如动词时态，冠词考察，介词等的考查。 最后，职称英语考生一定要记住，良好的学习心态、积极的应试心理也是考试制胜的关键因素。在职称英语考场上要保持镇定，从容应答，这样才能唤醒记忆，将所学所掌握的知识应用到职称英语考试中。 完型填空必做三项功课 一、主要考察内容：完形填空旨在测试考生对语言的理解程度和综合运用语言的`能力。职称英语考试中的完形填空测试是一篇难度适中，长度为150词左右的短文。短文中留出15个空白，每个空白为一题，每题有四个选项。要求考生在全面理解内容的基础上选择最佳答案，使短文意思完整、文理通顺、结构严谨、主题明确。 完形填空考题的设计一般是从以下三个方面出发的：(1)语法结构(2)词法结构(3)上下文之间的逻辑关系。
在15个选项中，要求填入实词(动词、名词和形容词等)的约占70%，其他为虚词(介词、副词等)的约占30%.要填的词几乎涉及各 个词类，动词含有不同的时态和语态。 二、复习策略分析 1.复习方向：完形填空的复习主要以本类别和本级别的完型填空的文章为主，尤其是以本类别和级别新增文章为重点进行复习，然 后再去看本类别的非新增文章，如有精力以其他类别的完型填空的 文章作为练习训练去做做。 2.一般的解题步骤： 通读全文 首先要阅读整篇文章，理解全文内容。同时对全文的语言表达方式，比如文章用的时态、语态、文章的措辞与口气等方面得出大致 印象。 逻辑判断 在阅读全篇的基础上，开始从头判断每个空所缺的词的语言形式，如词类、时态、语态;并判断该词应具有的符合文章上下文的词义。 理解选择 从给出的4个选项中，选出在语法与词义上均与原文相符合的一个。 三、高分通关必做的三项功课： 1.语法知识的积累职称英语考试完型填空题型能否顺利拿下分数，除了对重点文章的正掌握外，平时对语法知识的积累是非常重要的。很大程度上完形填空都在考查考生运用语法知识的能力，因此在强 化阶段，考生应该对职称考试中涉及的语法点进行巩固复习。 2.固定搭配与词组的记忆完型填空中大部分都是考查的动词等的固定搭配、常用的词组等，因此考生在强化阶段应该注意对平时阅 读中出现的固定搭配与词组进行搜集、积累与记忆。
2020职称英语考试综合类模拟试题1：完形填空 完形填空 Nobody likes insects. They are annoying and sometimes dangerous. Some of them bite us and give us 51 ; others bite us and give us big red 52 . Some do not bite, 53 they just fly round our heads or crawl round our houses and gardens. And we do not like any of them 54 those lovely butterflies. But insects are interesting. First, they are very 55 animals. Three hundred and twenty million years ago there were no men or other mammals in the world but there were insects. Today, 56 every square mile of land there are millions of them flying and crawling 57 . Second, insects are very adaptable to their habitat, to their food and to the weather. Now there are about a million different 58 in the world. 59 do people use insecticides? Not many insects 60 us. In many cases we do not see the insects and we do not think much about them. The reason is that insects eat 61 of man's food, 62 there are so many billions of them. We must use insecticides to get rid of them. An insecticide is simply a special chemical 63 with some poisonous elements. Farmers spray their crops very often and the insects die quickly. Of course some poisonous chemicals may 64 on the crops or in the 65 , and that is also dangerous. 51. A. wounds B. diseases C. disturbance D. panic
阅读理解：第三篇Cooking Oil Fumes Tumor C级 The leading cause of lung cancer among women in the city was cooking oil fumes while men are more likely to develop the disease from smoking ,said medical experts after a five-year research study . Doctors announced the results yesterday with analysis on some new tendencies in lung cancer. They said patients are younger, especially women. According to the Shanghai Tumor research Institute, more local residents die of lung cancer in the city than anything else .Following breast cancer ,it has the second-highest incidence rate. “An unhealthy lifestyle is a very important reason for lung cancer ,” said Dr He Yumin from Shanghai Minshen Traditional Chinese Medicine Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment Center. He followed 2,276 lung cancer patients for five years. Among them, 1,483 were male. Smoking causes 70 percent of cases among men while only 18 percent of female patients developed cancer from smoking or inhaling second-hand smoke, according to the report. However, more than 60 percent of women with the disease had long term, close contact with strong oil fumes from cooking and complained about irritated eyes and throat. About 32 percent of women fried foods in boiling oil in unventilated kitchens and about 25 percent of women’s bedrooms were adjacent to the kitchens. However , local women were adjacent to then cooking oil fumes could lead to cancer .come claimed they may change food preparation methods. “Unless my family and I don/t eat at home every day , I must stay in the kitchen to cook,” said Xu Li, a 45-year-old local woman. “I know the fumes are bad for the skin, but it is the first time I heard that it can result in lung cancer. I have already started frying less.” Doctors said women’s lung cancer had few links to personal health and physical condition, but was closely related to family cancer history, unhealthy dietary habits and weak immune systems. Other experts agreed with He. “Smoking is by far the biggest cause of lung cancer for men,” said Dr Tan Binyong, honorary president of the Respiratory Disease Institute at Fudan University’s Medical College. “It’s true that second-hand smoke and cooking fumes are the main causes among women.” He’s research also warned people not to stand near of stalls selling fried foods due to the poor quality of oils used. The chance of catching lung cancer is three times higher if exposed to the fume for a long time, experts said. 练习： 1.What a new tendency in lung cancer is concluded by the researchers? D A Men are more likely to develop lung cancer than women. B Women are more likely to develop lung cancer than men. C Patients with lung cancer become older, especially males. D Patients with lung cancer become younger, especially females. 2. Which of the following diseases is the most common among the local residents in Shanghai? B A Heart disease. B Breast cancer. C Infectious diseases. D Lung cancer. 3. What symptoms may be complained of by most women with lung cancer after long term, close contact with cooking oil fumes? A
职称英语考试备考5大方法 第一，过度讲究方法和技巧，而不愿意下真功夫。语言的使用是 一种技能，但这种技能不是专靠技巧能够获得的。太讲究方法和技巧 会被其占用很多的时间和精力，而对学习的内容本身投入较少的时间 和精力，所以反而会影响学习的效果。如有一个参加高等教育自学考 试的青年，他订了十 多种讲自学和考试的刊物，认真学习和研究，讲起方法来一套一 套的，可他每次参考的科目却大多考不及格。这是因为他只顾钻研方 法和技巧，在学习内容上花的时间和精力太少，而且养成了投机取巧、不肯下功夫的习惯。方法和技巧只能适当利用，并且要从自己的学习 实践中摸索出适合自己的方法和技巧才会真正管用。 第二，过度讲究速度和效率，不愿花时间经常重复(复习)已学过 的内容，只求懂了则罢。语言的使用既是一种技能，技能则只有靠熟 能生巧，要持续的重复才会熟练，只有熟练了才会形成一种应用自如、不假思索的技能。 第三，三天打鱼两天晒网，没有恒心，不能长期坚持学习。技能 的熟练要有一个过程，在这个过程中会遇到各种困难，但不能向困难 低头，要坚持不懈地反复学习，持之以恒。 第四，不重视听力训练。语言是有声的，我们对语言的感受首先 是语言的声音作用于我们的大脑，如果不练习听力，仅仅默默地阅读 和背单词，其结果不但听不懂别人讲外语，而且阅读水平也难以提升。 第五，只学而不“用”，完全是以“学”的态度来学外语。语言 的实践性很强，如果只学而不用，就永远也学不好。我们学语言的目 的就是为了应用，要学会在用中学习，这样才能提升兴趣，达到好的 学习效果。 值得特别注意的是，“用”不但仅有意识的用，很多时候是要无 意识的“用”。比如在吃饭、洗碗、聊天、上网、洗脸、洗脚、洗衣
A Life with Birds 有鸟陪伴的生活 For nearly 17 years David Cope has worked as one of the Tower of London's Yeoman warders,(1) better known to tourists as Beefeaters.作为伦敦塔的守卫者之- David Cope在那里工作了近17年，被游客们称为伦敦塔卫兵。David, 64, lives in a three-bedroomed flat right at the(2) top of the Byward Tower, one of the gatehouses. David，64岁，生活在Byward塔顶部的一个三居室的单元里，一个警卫室。"(3) From our bedroom we have a marvellous view of Tower Bridge and the Thames, " says David. David说：“从我们的卧室看去，我们可以看到伦敦塔桥和泰晤士河的一个美好景色。” The Tower of London is famous (4) for its ravens, the large black birds which have lived there for over three centuries.伦敦塔以大黑色的鸟——乌鸦而著名，它们已经在那里生活了三个多世纪。David was immediately fascinated by the birds and when he was (5) offered the post of Raven Master eight years ago he had no (6) hesitation in accepting it. "David立刻被这种乌迷住了，当他在八年前被提供乌鸦主人的职位时他毫不犹豫地接受了它。“The birds have now become my life and I'm always (7)aware of the fact that I am (8) maintaining a tradition. 这种鸟类现在已经成为我的生命，我总是警觉到我
https://www.doczj.com/doc/6c11524445.html,/ .375. School Lunch Research has shown that over half the children in Britain who take their own lunches to school do not eat properly in the middle of the day.In Britain schools have to provide meals at lunchtime.Children can choose to bring their own food or have lunch at the school canteen. One shocking finding of this research is that school meals are much healthier than lunches prepared by parents.There are strict standards for the preparation of school meals,which have to include one portion of fruit and one of vegetables,as well as meat,a dairy item and starchy food like bread or pasta.Lunchboxes examined by researchers contained sweet drinks,crisps and chocolate bars.Children consume twice as much sugar as they should at lunch time. The research will provide a better understanding of why the percentage of overweight students in Britain has increased in the last decade.Unfortunately,the government cannot criticise parents,but it can remind them of the nutritional value of milk,fruit and vegetables.Small changes in their children’s diet can_affect their future health.Children can easily develop bad eating_habits at this age,and parents are the only ones who can prevent it.A Powerful Influence There can be no doubt at all that the Internet has made a huge difference1to our lives.Parents are worried that children spend too much time playing on the Internet,hardly ever doing anything else in their spare time.Naturally,parents are curious to find out why the Internet is so attractive,and they want to know if it can be harmful for their children.Should parents worry if their children are spending that much time staring at their computers? Obviously,if children are bent over their computers for hours,absorbed in some game,instead of doing their homework,then something is wrong.Parents and children could decide how much use the child should_make of the Internet,and the child should give his or her word that it won’t interfere with homework.If the child is not holding to this arrangement,the parent can take more drastic steps dealing with a child’s use of the Internet is not much different from negotiating any other sort of bargain about behaviour.Any parent who is_seriously alarmed about a child’s behaviour should make an appointment to discuss the matter with a teacher.Spending time in front of the screen does not necessarily affect a child’s performance at school.Even if a child is absolutely crazy about using the Internet,he or she is probably just going through a phase,and in a few months there will be something else to worry about!The Old Gate In the Middle Ages the vast majority of European cities had walls around them.This was partly for defensive reasons but another factor was the need to keep out anyone regarded as undesirable,like people with contagious diseases.The Old City of London gates were all demolished by the end of the 18th century.The last of London’s gates was removed a century ago,but by a stroke of luck,it was never destroyed. This gate is,in actual fact,not called a gate at all;its name is Temple Bar,and it marked the boundary between the Old City of London and Westminster.In 1878the Council of London took the Bar down,numbered the stones and put the gate in storage because its design was unfashionable it was expensive to maintain and it was blocking the traffic. The Temple Bar Trust was set up in the 1970’s with the intention of returning the gate home.The aim of the Trust is the preservation of the nation’s architectural heritage.Transporting the gate will mean physically pulling it down,stone by stone,removing and rebuilding it near St Paul’s Cathedral.Most of the facade of the gate will probably be replaced,though there is a good chance that the basic structure will be sound.The hardest job of all,however,will be to recreate the statues of the monarchs that once stood on top of the gate.Family History In an age when technology is developing faster than ever before,many people are being attracted to the idea of looking back into the past.One way they can do this is by investigating their own family history.They can try to find out more about where their families came from and what they did.This is now a fast-growing hobby,especially in countries with a fairly short history,like Australia and the United States. It is one thing to spend some time going through a book on family history and to take the decision to investigate your own family’s past.It is quite another to carry out the research work successfully.It is easy to set about it in a disorganized way and_cause yourself many problems which could have been avoided with a little forward planning. If your own family stories tell you that you are connected with a famous character,whether hero or criminal,do not let this idea take over your research.Just treat it as an interesting possibility.A simple system for collecting and storing your information will be adequate to start with;a more complex one may only get in your way.The most important thing,though,is to get started.Who knows what you might find? Helen and Martin With a thoughtful sigh,Helen turned away from the window and walked back to her favourite armchair.Would her brother never arrive?For a brief moment,she wondered if she really cared that much. Over the years Helen had given up waiting for Martin to take an interest in her.Her feelings for him had gradually weakened until now,as she sat waiting for him,she experienced no more than a sister’s curiosity to see what had become of her brother. Almost without warning,Martin had lost his job with a busy publishing company after spending the last eight years in New York as a key figure in the US office.Somehow the two of them hadn’t bothered to keep in touch and,left alone,Helen had slowly found