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被动语态1. 少数被动语态也可以用动词get + v-ed (动词的过去分词)，后面不接by。
get的这种用法常用于口语，如get changed, get dressed, get hurt, get infected2. 系动词如look, seem, sound, taste, smell, feel, appear, seem, prove, turn, stay, fall, keep, stay, 加adj.或n., 没有被动语态，用主动语态表被动意义。
3. 表示主语的某种特性，主语的内在品质或性能，常见的有write, read, clean, sell, wash, cook, cut, draw, wear, open, dry, drink, eat等，后面接副词well, easily, smoothly，用主动表被动。
时态多用一般现在时或一般将来时。
4. 少数动词可以用进行时，主动表被动。
如cook, print, hang。
还有一些动词后面接v-ing形式，主动表被动，如need, want, require, deserve, be worth doing5. 在主动语态中，有些使役动词和感官动词后接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语。
但在这些词用被动语态时，后面要改为用带to的不定式作主语补足语, 如see, watch, look at, observe, notice, have, make, hear, listen to, feel6. be to blame, be to let, 用主动表被动。
7.特殊句式It is said / reported / hoped / believed / considered / suggested / supposed(推测、认为) that…It is well known that…Sb. is thought / said… to do sth. 听说某人要做某事Sb. is thought / said… to be doing sth. 听说某人正在做某事Sb. is thought / said… to have done sth. 听说某人做了某事8. 一定要用被动的固定搭配，sb. be convincedsb. be seated (on/at sth.)sb. be devoted to sth.专心致志于，献身于sb. be dressed (in sth.)sb. be married tosb. be lost inbe situated in be located inbe attached to be occupied in be addicted to be determined to be based on9. 只有及物动词和及物动词短语才可以有被动语态。
被动语态的几种特殊用法一、短语动词（“动词＋介词 / 副词”、“动词＋副词＋介词”），如： look after, laugh at, operate on, bring out, give up, put off, do away with, make up for, look down upon 等作谓语，变被动语态时，要把它们看作一个整体，其中的介词或副词不能漏掉。
例如：1. We look after the baby carefully. 我们小心地照看着婴儿。
The baby is looked after carefully.2. The doctor operated on him at once. 医生立刻给他动了手术。
He was operated on at once.二、感官动词（ see, watch, notice, hear, feel 等）和使役动词（ let, make, have 等）用在主动句中，要求后面接不带 to 的不定式作宾语补足语，但变被动语态时，要加上 to 。
因为此时原宾语补足语就变成主语补足语了。
例如：3. I saw the boy play in the street. 我看见那个男孩在街上玩。
The boy was seen to play in the street.4. She made me stand for 45 minutes. 她让我站了 45 分钟。
I was made to stand for 45 minutes.三、带双宾语的句子变被动语态时，如果“直宾”作主语，通常要在“间宾”前加 to ，但当谓语动词为 make, mend, buy, pay, get, sing, cook, fetch, spare, find 等时，要在“间宾”前加 for 。
例如：5. They pass me a letter. 他们递给我一封信。
中考英语中被动语态特殊情况（中考英语被动语态讲解）被动语态一一、用法1.说话者不知道动作的执行者或不必说出动作的执行者 (这时可省by 短语)。
例： My bike was stolen last night.突出动作的执行者。
例： I was given ten minutes to decide whether I shouldaccept the offer.为了更好地安排句子。
例：The well-known person got on the bus and was immediately recognized by people.二．构成“be ＋及物动词的过去分词”（be 有人称、数和时态的变化）1.一般现在时的被动语态：am/is/are done (过去分词)例：They speak English. → English is spoken (by people)2.一般过去时的被动语态： was/were done例: He watered the flowers just now . → The flowers were watered just now .3.一般将来时的被动语态： shall/will be done例：We will clean the classroom. → The classroom will be cleaned (by us ) .4.现在进行时的被动语态：am/is /are being done例：Tom is picking apples . → Apples are being picking by Tom5.过去进行时的被动语态 was/were being done6.现在完成时的被动语态： has /have been done例; The workers have built a house. → A house has beenbuilt by the workers .7.过去完成时的被动语态：had been done8.过去将来时的被动语态：should/would be done例：You would look after him well . → He would be looked after well .9.情态动词的被动语态：情态动词＋be＋过去分词例：The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter.三．步骤主动语态变被动语态1、找：找主语、找宾语（找原主动句中的主语和宾语）2、换：换位置，主语变宾语，宾语变主语3、改：动词改成be done的被动形式（其人称和数随主语变化，动词时态则保持不变)4、加：加by( 宾格)，加附属（定语、状语），by 宾格可省略。
被动语态的使用1、当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时,常用被动语态,这时往往不用by 短语。
“Mr、White, the cup with mixture was broken after class、”(只就是告诉老师杯子坏了,不知就是谁弄坏的,或不想说出谁弄坏的)。
2、突出或强调动作的承受者,如果需要说出动作的执行者,用by 短语。
These records were made by John Denver、The cup was broken by Paul、3、当汉语句子的主语既不就是动作的执行者,也不就是动作的承受者时,这时常用in + 名词作状语,而代替by 短语。
These cars were made in China、15, 000 cars will be produced each year in the new factory、语态转换时要注意的问题1、含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时,可分别将其中的一个宾语变为主语,另一个不动,一般变间接宾语为主语时比较多。
My uncle gave me a present on my birthday、/I was given a present on my birthday、如果把直接宾语(指物)改为主语,则在间接宾语(指人)前加适当的介词,如上句还可以说:A present was given to me yesterday、注意:一般在下列动词后,常在间接宾语前用介词to,如:bring, give, hand, lend, offer, pass, pay, promise, sell, show, take, teach, tell 等。
The cup with mixture was showed to the class、My bike was lent to her、一般在下列动词后,间接宾语前用介词for, 如: build, buy, cook, cut, choose, do, fetch, find, fix, get, keep, make, order, paint, play, sing 等。
被动语态的几种特殊用法(1)主动形式表示被动意义1)常见的这类动词有：“act，add up，clean，compare，count，cook，draw，fill，iron，keep，let，look，make up，milk，kill，open，photograph，prove，read，sell，smoke，spoil”等。
The window won’t open．(这扇窗户打不开。
)The cow milks well．(这头牛出奶率很高。
)Damp wood will not fire．(湿木不易燃烧。
)She doesn’t photograph well．(她不上相。
)His judgment proved wrong．(他的判断是错的。
)The banana peels easily．(香蕉皮剥起来很容易。
)Flies kill easily in autumn．(秋天苍蝇容易死亡。
)It turned out fine that day．(结果那天天气很好。
)How did his coat catch on a nail? (他的衣服怎么钩到钉子上了?)2)实用动词“need／want／deserve／require +V-ing(动名词)”形式表示被动意义。
My hair needs cutting。
．The bike wants repairing．It doesn’t deserve mentioning．Hamlet is required reading for the course．(《哈姆雷特》为本课程指定读物。
)3)一些固定句型如："be worth doing sth．have/get sth．(sb.)done"，以及to be under(in)+抽象名词等表示被动意义：Beijing is a big city in China and worth visiting．(北京是中国的一个大城市，值得浏览。
初中知识点归纳被动语态的特殊用法与句型转换初中知识点归纳：被动语态的特殊用法与句型转换被动语态是英语语法中的重要部分，它常常用于强调动作的接受者而不是执行者。
在初中阶段，学生们逐渐接触和学习被动语态。
除了一般的被动语态用法外，还有一些特殊用法和句型转换需要我们掌握。
本文将针对这些内容进行简要归纳。
一、特殊用法1. 不知情的被动当我们描述某事被做时，但不知道或不关心动作的执行者时，可以使用不知情的被动语态。
例句：1) The window was broken.（窗户破了）2) The purse has been stolen.（钱包被偷了）2. 句型“have/get something done”在英语中，“have/get something done”表示让别人为自己做某事的意思。
在被动语态中，主语是接受动作的对象，而动作的执行者常常不重要或未指明。
例句：1) I had my hair cut.（我理了发）2) She got her car repaired.（她让人修了车）3. 句型“be to blame for”当我们想表达某事是由某人负责或应该为其负责时，可以使用“be to blame for”这一被动语态句型。
例句：1) He is to blame for the accident.（他应为这次事故负责）2) They were to blame for the delay.（他们应对耽搁负责）二、句型转换1. 主动句变被动句将主动句转换为被动句时，需要注意以下几点：1) 主语变为被动语态的主语；2) 动词使用被动形式（be+过去分词）；3) 如果主动句中有宾语，需要将其变为被动语态句中的主语。
例句：1) 主动句：They build bridges.（他们建桥）被动句：Bridges are built by them.（桥被他们建造）2. 被动句变主动句将被动句转换为主动句时，可以根据以下步骤进行：1) 被动语态的主语变为主动语态的宾语；2) 被动语态的谓语动词变为主动语态的谓语动词；3) 被动语态的宾语变为主动语态的主语。
被动语态用法总结1.一般谓语动词可以通过被动语态来表达被动的意义。
2.当谓语动词带有双宾语时，也可以使用被动语态。
3.在被动语态中，感官动词如see、hear、watch、feel、notice等以及使役动词let、make、have等词后跟省略to的不定式，需要加上不定式符号to。
例如：我们经常在晚上听到一个女孩读英语。
改为被动语态：一个女孩经常被我们听到在晚上读英语。
被动语态还有一些特殊的用法：1.有时可以使用主动形式来表达被动意义。
这种情况通常出现在某些连系动词如smell、feel、taste、sound、prove等中。
例如：这个故事听起来很有趣。
2.某些不及物动词如happen、take place、break out/burstout和spread等在句子中也可以表达被动含义。
例如：近几年我的家乡发生了很大的变化。
3.介词for、on、above、under等构成的短语也可以表达被动含义。
例如：她的一些著名的画在这次展览会上被展出。
4.形容词worth后面跟动名词也可以表示被动含义。
例如：这本书值得一读。
5.在need、want、require、deserve和bear等词的后面，动名词用主动形式表示被动含义，相当于动词不定式的被动形式。
例如：这块表需要被修理。
The hair needs to be cut。
English needs to be read more often.Passive voice can sometimes express an active meaning。
There are two main points that students need to pay n to:1) Some fixed phrases。
their passive voice often expresses an active meaning。
For example。
be concerned with/about (care about)。
被动语态语法知识点总结一、被动语态的基本结构被动语态是英语中的一种语法结构，通过将动作的承受者置于句子的主语位置，强调动作的接受者而非执行者。
被动语态的基本结构为：be动词（am, is, are, was, were）+过去分词。
例如：Active voice（主动语态）：The dog chased the cat.（狗追赶着猫。
）Passive voice（被动语态）：The cat was chased by the dog.（猫被狗追赶。
）二、被动语态的用法1. 强调动作的承受者：被动语态可以将动作的承受者放在句子的主语位置，使其成为句子的焦点。
例如：Active voice: He wrote a book.（他写了一本书。
）Passive voice: A book was written by him.（一本书被他写了。
）2. 隐藏执行者：有时候，句子的执行者并不重要或显而易见，这时可以使用被动语态来隐藏执行者。
例如：Active voice: They built this house.（他们建造了这座房子。
）Passive voice: This house was built by them.（这座房子被他们建造了。
）3. 表示客观事实：被动语态常用于描述客观事实或一般真理。
例如：Active voice: People speak English all over the world.（全世界人们讲英语。
）Passive voice: English is spoken all over the world.（英语在全世界都被讲。
）4. 句子的主语是动作的承受者：当动作的承受者比执行者更重要时，可以使用被动语态将其放在句子的主语位置。
例如：Active voice: The car hit the tree.（汽车撞到了树。
）Passive voice: The tree was hit by the car.（树被汽车撞到了。
被动语态中的特殊情况被动语态是英语语法中的一个重要部分，它用来强调动作的接受者而不是执行者。
在大部分情况下，我们可以很容易地转换主动语态为被动语态，只需将动作的执行者放在by后作为被动语态的主语，而原主语则变成被动语态的宾语。
然而，有些情况下，被动语态的转换并不十分直观，本文将讨论被动语态中的几种特殊情况。
一、动词不及物在被动语态中，大部分情况下我们需要一个及物动词（transitive verb）才能正确转换为被动语态。
及物动词是指需要一个宾语才能成立的动词。
然而，有些动词是不及物动词（intransitive verb），它们无法直接转换为被动语态。
例如：主动语态：He sleeps eight hours every night.被动语态：（不可转换）在这个例子中，动词sleep是不及物动词，因此无法转换为被动语态。
在这种情况下，我们需要使用其他方式来传达类似的含义。
二、形容词和副词在一些情况下，我们可以使用形容词或副词来表达被动语态的含义，而无需使用被动语态的结构。
例如：主动语态：The book is interesting.被动语态：The book is interested in.在这个例子中，我们使用形容词interested来替代被动语态的结构，并传达了同样的含义。
同时，有些副词也可以用来表示被动语态的意思。
例如，actively可以用来表示被动地接受动作，而passively则可以用来表示主动地执行动作。
三、某些动词的特殊用法有一些动词在被动语态中有着特殊的用法。
1. get和haveget和have可以与过去分词形式结合，并表示被动的含义。
例如：主动语态：She gets her car washed every week.被动语态：Her car gets washed every week.主动语态：He had his house painted last year.被动语态：His house was painted last year.2. keep和leavekeep和leave可以与过去分词形式结合，并表示保持或保留的被动含义。
英语语法：被动语态用法大全英语语法中的被动语态是我们经常用到的一种语句结构，下面就是小编给大家带来的英语语法：被动语态用法大全，希望能帮助到大家!英语语法：被动语态用法大全概念语态(Voice)是动词的一种形式，用以表示主语和谓语之间的关系。
英语的语态包括两种形式：主动语态(active voice)和被动语态(passive voice)。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般来说，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。
巧记为：主动、主动、主去动。
Many people speak English.谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。
巧记为：被动、被动、主被动。
English is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。
He opened the door.他开了门。
(主动句)The door was opened.门被开了。
(被动句) 构成His bicycle was stolen.The building has been built in 2000.通过上面的例句，可以看出，“被动语态”的构成是：be + 过去分词( + by + 动作执行者)形式被动语态由助动词be加及物动词的过去分词构成，强调动作是由什么人或什么东西而发出时，常用介词“by +行为发出者”，即be+done+by+行为发出者。
被动语态可用于各种时态，通过助动词be的变化来表示：1、一般现在时的被动语态. am / is / are + 动词的过去分词Ourclassroom is cleaned every day.This car is made in China.2、一般过去式的被动语态: was / were + 动词的过去分词His desk was cleaned just now.The station was built in 1928.3、现在进行时的被动语态: am / is / are + being + 动词的过去分词A new factory is being built in our city now.Some trees are being cut down in the park.4、过去进行时的被动语态: was / were + being + 动词的过去分词A new factory was being built in our city at that time.Some babies were being looked after by Miss Chen last year.5、一般将来时的被动语态:(A) will / shall + be + 动词的过去分词(B) am / is / are + going to be +动词的过去分词.Some new factories will be built in our city this year.Your watch is going to be mended in an hour.6、过去将来时的被动语态:(1)would / should + be + 动词的过去分词(2)was / were +going to be + 动词的过去分词.She said that some new factories would be built soon in our city.He thought that your watch was going to be mended after an hour.7、现在完成时的被动语态:have / has + been + 动词的过去分词Some new factories have been built in the city since last year.Your watch has been mended already.8、过去完成时的被动语态:had + been + 动词的过去分词He said that some new factories had been built in the city.I didn’t know that my watch had been mended .9、含情态动词的被动式：can/may/must + be + done(1)You must hand in your homework after class.Your homework must be handed in after class.(2)He can write a letter with the computer.A letter can be written with the computer by him.初中英语八大时态一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时现在进行时过去进行时过去将来时现在完成时过去进行时运用第一种情况：不知道动作的执行者，就是不知道谁干的Dan's bike was stolen last week. 丹的自行车上周被偷了。
高中英语知识点归纳被动语态中的特殊情况和结构被动语态是英语语法中的一个重要部分，也是学习英语的学生常常会遇到的难点之一。
在一般情况下，被动语态的构成较为简单，即“被动助动词（be动词的各种形式）+过去分词”。
然而，在某些特殊情况下，被动语态的使用存在一些特殊的结构和用法。
本文将对高中英语被动语态中的特殊情况和结构进行归纳总结。
一、不及物动词的被动语态通常情况下，不及物动词是没有被动形式的，因为它们本身就不具备被动的意义。
但是，在某些情况下，我们需要使用被动语态来表达被动的含义。
这时，需要借助于转换结构，即将不及物动词转化为及物动词，然后再使用被动语态。
示例：1. 主动语态：The tree grows rapidly.（这棵树生长很快。
）转换为被动语态：The tree is grown rapidly.（这棵树生长得很快。
）2. 主动语态：They sleep for eight hours every day.（他们每天睡八个小时。
）转换为被动语态：They are slept for eight hours every day.（他们每天被睡八个小时。
）二、双宾语的被动语态某些及物动词可以接受两个宾语，一个是直接宾语，一个是间接宾语。
当双宾语的句子转换为被动语态时，可以根据需要选择保留其中一个宾语或保留两个宾语。
示例：1. 主动语态：He gave me a gift.（他给了我一件礼物。
）转换为被动语态（保留直接宾语）：I was given a gift by him.（我被他给了一件礼物。
）2. 主动语态：She bought her sister a book.（她给她姐姐买了一本书。
）转换为被动语态（保留间接宾语）：Her sister was bought a book by her.（她姐姐被她买了一本书。
）三、感官动词的被动语态感官动词（如see、watch、hear、notice等）表示看、听等感官动作的动词，一般不用于进行被动语态的转换，而是使用不带被动意义的形式，即使用主动形式作为被动语态。
被动语态总结被动语态是英语中的一种语法结构，常用来表示主语是动作的承受者，而不是动作的执行者。
在被动语态中，动作的执行者通常以介词"by"引导，并置于句子的末尾。
本文将对被动语态的构成、用法以及一些注意事项进行总结。
一、被动语态的构成被动语态的构成形式为“be + 过去分词”，其中“be”根据时态的变化而变化，过去分词则保持不变。
被动语态的时态与主动语态一致，只需要根据时态对“be”进行相应的变化即可。
以下是各个时态下被动语态的构成形式：1. 现在时态：am/is/are + 过去分词2. 过去时态：was/were + 过去分词3. 现在完成时态：have/has been + 过去分词4. 过去完成时态：had been + 过去分词5. 将来时态：will be + 过去分词二、被动语态的用法被动语态在英语中被广泛使用，常用于以下几种情况：1. 强调动作的承受者：被动语态可以将动作的承受者置于句子的主要位置，从而强调其重要性。
例如：The book was written by Shakespeare.（这本书是由莎士比亚写的。
）2. 不知道或不关心动作的执行者：有时候对于动作的执行者并不关心或不知道，这时可以使用被动语态。
例如：The car was stolen.（这辆车被盗了。
）3. 句子主语太长或复杂：当句子主语过长或复杂时，使用被动语态可以使句子更加简洁。
例如：The new shopping mall, which was built last year, attracts a large number of visitors.（这座去年建成的新购物中心吸引了大量游客。
）4. 避免重复使用主语：当前后两个句子的主语相同，为了避免重复使用主语，可以将后一个句子改为被动语态。
例如：Lisa planted the flowers. The flowers were watered by Lisa.（丽莎种了花。
初中英语【被动语态】用法及易错点详细讲解所谓“被动语态”，相当于中文中常说的“被……”、“由……”的句式，如：“他的自行车被偷了”、“这座楼房是由他们建造的。
”一、主动语态和被动语态的概念1）He opened the door. 他开了门。
以上例句是一个主动句，主语是动作的执行者/发出者2）The door was opened by him. 门被开了。
第二个例句是一个被动句，主语是动作的承受者汉语中表示被动的词：被…/ 由…/ 受…/ 给…英语中表被动用：be+过去分词构成二、被动语态的结构及用法1）被动语态的几种句型肯定句：主语+be+及物动词的过去分词+（by）eg: My phone was made in China.否定句：主语+be not+过去分词+（by）eg: My phone wasn’t made in China.一般疑问句：Be+主语+过去分词+（by）？eg: Was your phone made in China?特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+be+主语+过去分词+（by）?第 1 / 26 页eg: Where was your phone made?2）不同时态中的被动语态3）被动语态的用法当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时，常用被动语态，这时往往不用by 短语。
The front window in the classroom was broken yesterday.昨天，教室的前窗被打破了。
(不知谁打破的)They have been poorly paid.他们的工资太低。
(没必要指出工资是谁付的)突出或强调动作的承受者，如果需要说出动作的执行者，用by短语。
These books are written especially for children.这些书是专门为孩子们写的。
(强调的是“这些书”)三、主动语态变被动语态1）一般情况下主动语态变被动语态主动句：He closed the door.第 2 / 26 页变被动句：The door was closed by him.口诀：宾变主，主变宾，谓变be done, 时不变，数格必须随被变。
被动语态的几种特殊用法（1）主动形式表示被动意义1）常见的这类动词有：“ac，t add up ，clean ，compare ，count ，cook ，draw ，fill ，iron ，keep ，let ，look ，make up ，milk ，kill ，open ，photograph ，prove ，read ，sell ，smoke ，spoil 等”。
The window won ' t open．（这扇窗户打不开。
）The cow milks well ．（这头牛出奶率很高。
）Damp wood will not fire ．（湿木不易燃烧。
）She doesn ' t photograph well．（她不上相。
）His judgment proved wrong ．（他的判断是错的。
）The banana peels easily ．（香蕉皮剥起来很容易。
）Flies kill easily in autumn ．（秋天苍蝇容易死亡。
）It turned out fine that day ．（结果那天天气很好。
）How did his coat catch on a nail? （他的衣服怎么钩到钉子上了?）2）实用动词“ nee／d want ／deserve ／require +V-ing（动名词）”形式表示被动意义。
My hair needs cutting 。
．The bike wants repairing ．It doesn ' t deserve mentionin．gHamlet is required reading for the course ．（《哈姆雷特》为本课程指定读物。
）3）一些固定句型如："be worth doing sth ．have/get sth ．（sb.）done" ，以及to be under（in）+ 抽象名词等表示被动意义：Beijing is a big city in China and worth visiting ．（北京是中国的一个大城市，值得浏览。
被动语态的特殊用法我们刚刚学习了被动语态的构成与一些基本用法,下面就一起来瞧瞧被动语态的一些特殊用法。
一、一些特殊动词的被动语态1、跟复合宾语的动词的被动语态感官动词或使役动词的主动语态后跟不带 to 不定式作宾语补足语 ,但变为被动语态时 ,须转为带 to 不定式。
如:I saw a bag drop from the bus、f A bag was seen to drop from the busMother made her baby sleep in her arm、sf The baby was made to sleep in her mothe'rs arms、2、跟双宾语的动词的被动语态直接宾语与间接宾语都可作被动语态的主语。
如 :Mr、 Smith gave us a lecture、f We were given a lecture by Mr、 Smith、或 A lecture was given by Mr、 Smith、当句中含有 return, write, find, buy 等动词时 ,常把直接宾语转为被动语态的主语 ,同时要注意介词的搭配。
如:I returned him the book、f The book was returned to him、（注意用 to）He wrote me a short note、f A short note was written to me、（注意用 to）He found me an umbrella、f An umbrella was found for me、（注意用 for）I bought her some flowers、f Some flowers were bought for he、r （注意用 for）3、短语动词的被动语态变成被动语态时 ,短语动词应当瞧作一个整体 ,其中的介词或副词不能丢掉。
被动语态的几种特殊用法一、短语动词（“动词＋介词/ 副词”、“动词＋副词＋介词”），如：look after, laugh at, operate on, bring out, give up, put off, do away with, make up for, look down upon 等作谓语，变被动语态时，要把它们看作一个整体，其中的介词或副词不能漏掉。
例如：1. We look after the baby carefully. 我们小心地照看着婴儿。
The baby is looked after carefully.二、感官动词（see, watch, notice, hear, feel 等）和使役动词（let, make, have 等）用在主动句中，要求后面接不带to 的不定式作宾语补足语，但变被动语态时，要加上to 。
因为此时原宾语补足语就变成主语补足语了。
例如：3.I saw the boy play in the street. 我看见男孩在街上玩。
The boy was seen to play in the street.三、带双宾语的句子变被动语态时，如果“直宾”作主语，通常要在“间宾”前加to ，但当谓语动词为make, mend, buy, pay, get, sing, cook, fetch, spare, find 等时，要在“间宾”前加for 。
例如：5. They pass me a letter. 他们递给我一封信。
A letter is passed to me.6. The mother bought her daughter a gift. 那位母亲给她女儿买了一件礼物。
A gift was bought for her daughter.四、带复合宾语（宾语＋宾语补足语）的句子，即宾语和宾语补足语都是名词或代词充当的句子，变被动语态时，只能将宾语变为被动语态的主语，而宾补保留在谓语后面。
被动语态特殊用法总结-标准化文件发布号：（9556-EUATWK-MWUB-WUNN-INNUL-DDQTY-KII被动语态的使用1.当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时，常用被动语态，这时往往不用by 短语。
“Mr. White, the cup with mixture was broken after class. ”(只是告诉老师杯子坏了，不知是谁弄坏的，或不想说出谁弄坏的)。
2.突出或强调动作的承受者，如果需要说出动作的执行者，用by 短语。
These records were made by John Denver. The cup was broken by Paul.3.当汉语句子的主语既不是动作的执行者，也不是动作的承受者时，这时常用in + 名词作状语，而代替 by 短语。
These cars were made in China. 15, 000 cars will be produced each year in the new factory.语态转换时要注意的问题1. 含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时，可分别将其中的一个宾语变为主语，另一个不动，一般变间接宾语为主语时比较多。
My uncle gave me a present on my birthday./I was given a present on my birthday. 如果把直接宾语(指物)改为主语，则在间接宾语(指人)前加适当的介词，如上句还可以说：A present was given to me yesterday.注意：一般在下列动词后，常在间接宾语前用介词 to，如：bring, give, hand, lend, offer, pass, pay, promise, sell, show, take, teach, tell 等。
The cup with mixture was showed to the class. My bike was lent to her.一般在下列动词后，间接宾语前用介词 for, 如： build, buy, cook, cut, choose, do, fetch, find, fix, get, keep, make, order, paint, play, sing 等。
Mother made me a new skirt. (A new skirt was made for me. )he meat was cooked for us. Some country music was played for us.有些既不用to 也不用for, 根据动词与介词的搭配关系。
He asked me a question. (A question was asked of me. ) People all over the world know the Great Wall.The Great Wall is known to people all over the world. (不用by短语)2. 由动词+ 介词或副词构成的短语动词，把它们看成一个及物动词，介词或副词不可拆开或漏掉。
这类动词有：不及物动词+ 介词，如: agree to, ask for, laugh at, operated on, listen to, look after, think of, talk about 等。
The patient is being operated on. The problem is solved. It needn't be talked about.及物动词+ 副词：如：bring about, carry out, find out, give up, hand in, make out, pass on, point out, put away, put off, think over, turn down, work out, turn out 等。
His request was turned down. The sports meet will be put off because of the bad weather.3. 带复合宾语(宾语+ 宾补)的动词改为被动语态时，一般把主动结构中的宾语改为主语，而宾语补足语保留在谓语动词后面。
如：We always keep the classroom clean. →The classroom is always kept clean.She told us to follow her instructions. →We were told to follow her instructions.注意：在see, watch, hear, notice, listen to, look at, make, feel等动词后作宾语补足语的动词不定式都不带 to，但改成被动语态后都带to，这时不定式为主语补足语，也就是说不定式作主语补足语不存在省略to 的问题。
We often hear him play the guitar. →He is often heard to play the guitar.注意：带有复合宾语的句子，如果宾语补足语是名词，变被动句时，应将宾语变为主语，不要误把宾语补足语的名词作主语。
如：Tomatoes were first taken back to Europe and people called them love apples.误：Love apples were called them. 正：They were called love apples.4. 还有一种短语动词由动词+ 名词+ 介词构成，变被动语态有两种形式，如下：1) We take good care of the books.The books are taken good care of.Good care is taken of the book.2) You must pay attention to your pronunciation.Attention must be paid to your pronunciation.Your pronunciation must be paid attention to.用于这类结构的短语动词常见的有：catch sight of, make use of, pay attention to, set fire to, take care of, take hold of, take notice of, keep an eye on 等。
5. 当主动句的主语是nobody, no one等含有否定意义的不定代词时，被动句中将其变为anybody, 作by的宾语，并将谓语动词变为否定的被动语态。
如：Nobody can answer this question.误：The question can be answered by nobody. 正：The question can not be answered by anybody.6. 当否定句中的宾语是anything, anybody, anyone等不定代词时，在被动句中应将其分别变为nothing, nobody, no one作主语，并将谓语动词变为肯定的被动语态。
如： They haven't done anything to make the river clean.误：Anything hasn't been done to make the river clean.正：Nothing has been done to make the river clean.7. 以who为主语开头的疑问句，变被动时，用by whom放在句首：Who wrote the story误：Who was the story written正：By whom was the story written8. (主动形式表示被动)有些动词既是及物又是不及物，当它们和well, badly, easily等副词连用时，表示主语内在品质或性能，是不及物动词，用主动表示被动，这时不用被动语态，常见的有：write, read, clean, sell, wash, cook 等。
如：The cloth washes easily. 这布很好洗。
The new product sells well. 这新产品很畅销。
The pen writes smoothly. 这支笔写字很流畅。
对比：The books sell well. (主动句) The books were sold out. (被动句)The meat didn’t cook well. (主动句) The meat was cooked for a long time over low heat. (被动句)9. 下列情况主动句不能改为被动句：第一，感官系动词一般用主动形式表示被动意义，如：feel，look, seem, taste, sound, remain等。
— Do you like the material— Yes, it feels very soft.误：It is felt very soft.The food tastes delicious.误：The food is tasted delicious.The pop music sounds beautiful.误：The pop music is sounded beautiful.第二，谓语是及物动词leave, enter, reach, suit, have, benefit, lack, own等。
如：He entered the room and got his book.误：The room was entered and his book was got.She had her hand burned.误：Her hand was had burned.第三，一些不及物动词短语没有被动语态，如：take place, break out, belong to, lose heart, consist of, add up to等。
如：The fire broke out in the capital building.误：The fire was broke out in the capital building.第四，不及物动词没有被动语态，如：rise, happen, succeed, remain, lie等。
