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2013年考研英语一翻译真题:生词多 句子结构复杂

2013年考研英语一翻译真题:生词多 句子结构复杂
2013年考研英语一翻译真题:生词多 句子结构复杂

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2013年考研英语一翻译真题:生词多 句子结构复杂

跨考教育 英语教研室 刘正锋

2013年考研英语翻译试题的特点表现在以下三个方面:1. 五个句子超纲或较难的词汇较多;2. 句子结构有些太复杂,有一些特别难分析的句子;3. 话题也是广大考生不太熟悉的话题。2013年研究生入学考试英语一的翻译文章选自一本小品文集,题目是Gardens: An Essay on the Human Condition 。这篇文章的理论性不是特别强,对于大家来说应该不会感觉很很难,做起来应该困难不是很大。

跨考在今年冲刺班上反复强调翻译必考的句子成分,尤其是插入语,比如 46题的for all their diversity of styles, 47 题的的 crude it may be ,50题的though in a “liberated” sense,,属于我冲刺班提到的必考的让步状语,以及一些常用从句的翻译,比如46题的时间状语从句 yet when one looks at the photographs of the gardens created by the homeless,,属于翻译必考的从句。47题的 it…that… 强调句型;以及最难的46题从句套用,构成理解的最大障碍。这些都是我在跨考翻译课堂上反复提到必考的知识点,因此没掌握的学生肯定翻译不出来。

因此,考研再次提醒各位考生,英语翻译的备考不能只停留在“看”的层面上,要扎扎实实的“做”翻译,提高动手、动笔的能力,那样才能切实的提高翻译水平,那么如何做呢?建议大家,基础阶段可以把考研阅读中的长难句拿出来翻译,提高一些动手能力。那么拿到句子到底应该如何翻译呢?翻译句子解题思路:1、不要看每个单词是不是认识。2、看结构,译主干。3、找关系,加修饰。

例句:

He asserted, also, that his power to follow a long and purely abstract train of thought was very limited, for which reason he felt certain that he never could have succeeded with mathematics. (2008年47题)

这句话很有难度,大家可以先自己动手写一些汉字,看自己会怎么翻译。大家在翻译期间可以感受一下你首先做什么,其次做什么,最后做什么,方法对不对。

拿到一个长难句,首先应该做的是看结构,译主干。拿到句子不要先看单词认不认识,而是先要看连接词,引导词,看句子的大结构。怎么去看呢?

先把主句从句分析出来。英语语法非常严谨,逻辑非常明确。That 引导的是一个宾语从句,你可以用红色标注起来,这是一个大结构,后面for which 大的定语从句,后面that 又是一个宾语从句。就应该这样做,首先看出大主干,好,看完结构了,下一步就是译主干。我们把刚刚看到的主句和从句里面的核心主干找出来,“他也断言”第一个主干出来了,that 引导的宾语从句,就是his power ,was, limited,我们就可以翻译他的能力是有限的,后面,for which reason 因为这个原因,他感觉确信,再看后面的that 从句,他

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精勤求学 自强不息 从来,决定没有成功过。所以这就是句子的主干。如果你能做到这一步,就说明你理解了这个句子。最艰难的部分,follow 这个词的翻译,主干出来了就是加修饰。To follow 不定式做定语修饰能力,his power to follow a long and purely abstract train of thought was very limited 。Follow 的核心宾语是thought ,这样翻译是:他跟随思维的能力非常有限。但是汉语中很少说跟随思维,can you follow me?是你能理解我吗?那么这里follow 就是理解的意思,所以翻译成,他理解思维的能力非常有限,然后再加long 是修饰思维的,所以我们再加,就是:他理解冗长的思维的能力非常有限。再接着加,就是abstract,他理解冗长而抽象的思维的能力非常有限。而purely 是修饰抽象的,所以就是:他理解冗长而纯粹抽象的思维的能力非常有限。但是我们不说纯粹抽象,说非常,极度抽象。所以改为:他理解冗长而极度抽象的思维的能力非常有限。再看train 这个词,火车是一节节,所以我们把它看成是数量关系,一系列的思维,然后翻译为:他理解一系列冗长而极度抽象的思维的能力非常有限。修饰加到这个样子就可以了。

总之,翻译备考过程中,一定要多动手自己翻,翻译的时候,切记先看句子的结构,找到句子主干,然后再处理各从句及其修饰关系,最后添上修饰成分。

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