1.000139 文科段子：艺术类音乐
It may seem strange that we're discussing music from a Broadway production in this class, "The Lion King" especially, since it's based on a popular Hollywood movie. I mean music preformed for Broadway theater in the heart of New York city surely would seem to be in the western tradition of popular music and not have much in common with the music we have been studying in this course, such as gamelan music of Indonesia, or Zulu chants of South Africa, music that developed outside the western tradition of Europe and America. But in fact, musicians have a long-standing tradition of borrowing front one another's cultures. And this production's director intentionally included both western and non-western music. That way, some of the rhythms, instrument, and harmonies typical of non-western music contrast with and complement popular music more familiar to audiences in North America and Europe, music like rock, jazz or Broadway style show tunes. So I want to spend the rest of this class and most of the next one on the music from the show "The Lion King" as a way of summarizing some of the technical distinctions between typical western music and the non-western music that we've been studying. Now the African influence on the music is clear. The story takes place in Africa. So the director got a South African composer to write songs with a distinctly African sound. And the songs even include words from African languages. But we'll get back to the African influence later. First let's turn to the music that was written for the shadow puppet scenes in "The Lion King", music based on the Indonesian music used in the shadow puppet theater of that region.
2. 2. 000143 理科段子：天文学
In ancient times, many people believed the earth was a flat disc. Well over 2,000 years ago; the ancient Greek philosophers were able to put forward two good arguments proving that it was not. Direct observations of heavenly bodies were the basis of both these arguments. First, the Greeks knew that during eclipses of the moon the earth was between the sun and the moon, and they saw that during these eclipses, the earth's shadow on the moon was always round, they realized that this could be true only if the earth was spherical, It the earth was a flat disc, then its shadow during eclipses would not be a prefect circle; it would be stretched out into a long ellipse. The second argument was based on what the Greeks saw during their travels. They noticed that the North Star, or Polaris, appeared lower in the sky when they traveled south, in the more northerly regions, the North Star appeared to them to be much higher in the sky. By the way, it was also from this difference in the apparent position of the North Star that the Greeks first calculated the approximate distance around the circumference of the earth, a figure recorded in ancient documents says 400.000 stadium, that's the plural of the world stadium. Today, it's not known exactly what length one stadium represents, but let's say it was about 200 meters, the length of many athletic stadiums. This would make the Greek's estimate about twice the figure accepted today, a very good estimate for those writing so long before even the first telescope was invented
3.991040 生活段子：噪音影响
I'm grad to see so many of you here. We've become really alarmed over the health center by the number of students we are seeing, who are experiencing hearing loss.
First, I want to go over some basic about hearing. Then we can take a look at our school environment and see if we can figure out some ways to protect hearing. The leading cause of preventable hearing loss is excessive noise. Too much moderate noise for a long time or some types of intense noise for even a short time can damage hearing. Loudness is measured in units called decibels. One decibel is the lowest sound that the average person can here. Sounds up to 80 decibels generally aren't harmful.
That's noise like traffic on a busy street. But anything louder than 80 decibels, especially with continuous exposure, may eventually hurt your hearing. Once you are up to around 140 decibels, that's like a jet plane taking off, then you might even feel pain in your ears. And pains are sure sign that your hearing's at risk. Even one exposure to a really loud noise at close range can cause hearing loss. So what you need to do is limit your exposure to harmful levels. If you pass along this handout, we can take a look at the decibel level of some common campus sounds. Notice how loud those horns are that people take to football games. They are really dangerous if blown right behind you. Now, let's try to generate a list of damaging noises.
4.
. 990839 文科段子：电影艺术
To get us started this semester I am going to spend the first two classes giving you background lectures about some basic cinematic concepts. Once you are a little more familiar with basic film terminology, we will be ready to look at the history of movies in the United States. You'll be expected to attend showing of films on Tuesday evenings at 7 o'clock in Jennings Auditorium. That's our lab. Then during our Wednesday seminar, we'll discuss in depth the movie we saw the night before. We are not covering silent films in this course. We will begin with the first talking motion picture, The Jazz Singer, released in 1927. The next week, we'll be looking at The Gold Diggers of 1933, a piece that is very representative of the escapist trend in films released during the depression. Some of the films we will be watching will probably be new to you, like Frank Capra's Why We Fight. Others you might have already seen on TV like Rebel without A Cause starring James Deane, or Stanley Cooper's Doctor's Strange Love. However, I hope you see even familiar film with new eye. In the last three weeks of the course, we will be watching films from the 1980s and you'll choose one of them as a subject for an extensive written critique. We'll talk more about the requirements of the critique later in this semester.
Last time, we outlined how the Civil War finally got started. I want to talk today about the political management of the war on both sides: the north under Abraham Lincoln and the south under Jefferson Davis. An important task for both of these presidents was to justify for their citizens just why the war was necessary. In 1861, on July 4th, Lincoln gave his first major speech in which he presented the northern reasons for the war. It was, he said, to preserve democracy. Lincoln suggested that this war was a noble crusade that would determine the future of democracy through out the world. For him the issue was whether or not this government of the people, by the people could maintain its integrity, could it remain complete and survive its domestic foes. In other words, could a few discontented individuals and by that he meant those who led the southern rebellion, could they arbitrarily break up the government and put an end to free government on earth? The only way for the nation to survive was to crush the rebellion. At the time, he was hopeful that the war wouldn't last long and the slave owners would be put down forever, but he underestimated how difficult the war would be. It would be harder than any the Americans had thought before or since, largely because the north had to break the will of the southern people, not just by its army. But Lincoln rallied northerners to a deep commitment to the cause. They came to perceive the war as a kind of democratic crusade against southern society
Moving away from newspapers, let's now focus on magazines. Now the first magazine was a little periodical called the Review and it was started in London in 1704. It looked a lot like the newspapers of the time, but in terms of its contents it was much different. Newspapers were concerned mainly with news events but the Review focused on important domestic issues of the day, as well as the policies of the government. Now, in England at the time, people could still be thrown in jail for publishing articles that were critical of the king. And that is what happened to Daniel Defoe. He was the outspoken founder of the review. Defoe actually wrote the first issue of the Review from prison. You see, he had been arrested because of his writings that criticized the policies of the Church of England, which was headed by the king. After his release, Defoe continued to produce the Review and the magazine started to appear on a more frequent schedule, about three times a week. It didn't take long for other magazines to start popping up. In 1709, a magazine called the Tattler began publication. This new magazine contained a mixture of news, poetry, political analysis and philosophical essays.
971035 理科段子：远程教育
Hi, Lynn. I saw you at registration yesterday. I sailed right through, but you were standing in a long line.Yeah. I waited an hour to sign up for a distance-learning course.Distance learning? Never heard of it.Well, it's new this semester. It's only open to psychology majors. But I bet it'll catch on else where. Yesterday, over a hundred students signed up.Well, what is it?It's an experimental course. I registered for child psychology. All I have got to do is watch a twelve-week series of televised lessons. The department shows them seven different times a day and in seven different locations.Don't you ever have to meet with professor?Yeah. After each part of the series I have to talk to her and the other students on the phone, you know, about our ideas. Then we'll meet on campus three times for reviews and exams.It sounds pretty non-traditional to me. But I guess it makes sense, considering how many students have jobs. It must really help with their schedules, not to mention how it will cut down on traffic.You know, last year my department did a survey and they found out that 80 percent of all psychology majors were employed. That's why they came up with the program.Look, I'll be working three days a week next semester and it was either cut back on my classes or try this out.The only thing is: doesn't it seem impersonal though? I mean, I miss having class discussions and hearing what other people think.
970539 生活段子：游览沼泽地公园
Welcome to Everglade's National Park. The Everglade is a watery plain covered with saw grass that's the home to numerous species of plants and wild life. And one and half million acre is too big to see it all today. But this tour will offer you a good sampling. Our tour bus will stop first at Tailor Slue. This is a good place to start because it's home to many of the plants and animals typically associated with the everglade. You'll see many exotic birds and of course a world famous alligators. Don't worry. There's a boardwalk that goes across the marsh, so you can look down at the animals in the water from a safe distance. The boardwalk is high enough to give you a great view of the saw grass prairie. From there we'll head at some other marshy and even jungle-like areas that feature wonderful tropical plant life. For those of you who'd like a close view of the saw grass prairie, you might consider running a canoe sometime during your visit here. However, don't do this unless you have a very good sense of direction and can negotiate your way through tall grass. We hate to have to come looking for you. You have a good fortune of being here in the winter, the best time of the year to visit. During the spring and summer the mosquitoes will just about to eat you alive. Right now, they are not so bothersome, but you'll soon want to use an insect repellent.
10. 000147 理科段子：地理冒险
Good morning, class. Before we begin today, I would like to address an issue that one of you reminded me of after the last lecture. As you may recall, last time I mentioned that Robert E. Peary was the first person to reach the North Pole. What I neglected to mention was the controversy around Peary's pioneering accomplishment. In 1910, a committee of the national geographical society examined Commodore Peary's claim to have reached the North Pole on April 6th' 1909 and found no reason to doubt him. This judgment was actually confirmed by a committee of the US congress in 1911. Nevertheless, Peary's claim was surrounded by controversy. Tins was largely due to the competing claim of Doctor Frederic Cook who told the world he had reached the Pole a four-year earlier. Over the decades Peary was given the benefit of the doubt, but critics persisted in raising questions about his navigation and the distances he claimed to have covered. So the Navigation Foundation spent an additional 12 months of exhaustive examination of documents relating to Peary's polar expedition. The documents supposed Peary's claims about the distances he covered. After also conducting an extensive computer analysis of photos taken by Peary at the pole, they concluded that Pierre and his companions did in fact reach the near vicinity of the North Pole on April 6th. 1909. OK, today we're going to talk about exploration of the opposite end of the world, I assume you all read chapter 3 in our text and are now familiar with the names: Emerson and Scott.
新托福满分作文范文(30篇).pdf
托福写作辅导：托福考试满分作文欣赏（１）Which one do you prefer, to solve problems on your own experience and knowledge, or to ask others for advice? As knowledge and experience serve as twim towers in problem-solving, one is often presented with two major paths that pave the way for final fulfillment, eitther to wrack his brain, just like what happened to Neuton, siiting for many years under an apple tree and eventually figuring out ond of the greatest universal rules that govern the whole globe, or to seek for others’ widsom through their advice, just as in the case of Benjinin Franklin, gathering great minds under one roof and then establishing a most world-renown libray. Both ways work. When a practical goal is involved, however, Benjimin Franklin may best be regareded as a role model in this respect and asking people for advice often turn out to be the prime alternative. Experience and knowledge borrowed or learned from others’ advice contribute greatly to effectiveness and effeciency for a goal-accomplishment. Not all experience and
2014.11.9托福独立写作范文+解析 2014-11-10谢侃Kevin英语课堂 文/谢侃（公众号：kevinenglishclass） 【题】Which factor influences you the most when it comes to a major purchase: 1) recommendations from your friends or colleagues;2) information from media; 3) salesman in the market 题型分类：对比题 论证角度：原因挖掘 观点选择：让步 开头：朋友同事的推荐影响最大。（话题引入+他人观点+明确立场+过渡）When people plan to buy something that costs a great deal of money, they will think twice before making the final decision. Factors that will affect the decision might be recommendations from friends and colleagues, information on media
and words of salesman in the market. Among all those factors, I believe that what friends and colleagues say play the most important role in helping us with the decision-making. I am going to elaborate my point of view in the following paragraphs. (75 words) 中间段1：同事朋友比较靠谱。（主题句+说理论证+细节例子） My first reason is that friends or colleagues’ words are reliable. When offering recommendations for us to make a purchase, friends and colleagues are highly unlikely to lie to us about the quality of the goods while TV commercials and salesmen will try to convince customers to make the deal by any possible means out of commercial purposes. Imagine that I want to buy a car, a salesperson probably recommend me an expensive car that is beyond my purchasing power. Conversely, if I have a friend who is a car-lover, he will guide me to buy a car with a high quality-price ratio. (103 words) 中间段2：朋友的建议能给我们完整的信息。（主题句+说理论证+细节例子）In addition, friends or colleagues’ recommendations provide us with complete information about the product, which is beneficial for making a wise decision. When friends or colleagues can recommend us something, they must have bought or tried this product so that they have a deeper understanding of the features of the product including its quality, price and value. In this sense, their advice is very helpful for our decision. For example, I am very satisfied with the computer that I have bought recently. Expect for its reasonable price, the performance far exceeds my expectation. It is attributed to the recommendation from my friend--Jack, who has already bought one before. (109 words) 让步段：当然，朋友和同事的推荐也不一定全部正确，因为其中或许有他们的个人偏好，并不适合我们，但是比起销售人员或电视广告的商业性而言，朋友同事的推荐还是值得参考的，但是最后还得自己做决定，也不能盲从。（承认漏洞+堵漏） Admittedly, I am not saying that recommendations from friends and colleagues are absolutely correct. They may involve their personal preferences when buying the goods, and therefore what they recommend to us may not be totally appropriate for our own situations. However, as long as we can fully realize our
Five Paragraph Essay Structure The five-paragraph essay is the commonest and most basic form of academic essay used in English and American high schools. Below you will find a map of the essay structure, and we will be using this structure in all of our argumentative and persuasive essays. Introduction (3-4 sentences) 1.Hook – Attracts the readers attention and introduces the main idea 2.Bridge – Develops the topic enough to explain the thesis statement 3.Thesis Statement – Introduces the topic and controlling ideas of the essay Main body Paragraph 1 (5 sentences) 1.Topic sentence – Introduces the topic and controlling idea for this paragraph (this controlling idea should be linked to the thesis statement) 2.Development – The topic should be expanded and more information introduced (5W1H) 3.Evidence – An example/fact should be used to prove your opinion 4.Development – Further develop the fact and show how it proves your point 5.Concluding sentence – Pulls together and summarises main point from topic sentence and paragraph Main body Paragraph 2 (5 sentences) 1.Topic sentence – Introduces the topic and controlling idea for this paragraph (this controlling idea should be linked to the thesis statement) 2.Development – The topic should be expanded and more information introduced (5W1H) 3.Evidence – An example/fact should be used to prove your opinion 4.Development – Further develop the fact and show how it proves your point 5.Concluding sentence – Pulls together and summarises main point from topic sentence and paragraph Counter Argument (4-5 sentences) 1.Counter argument –Introduces opposition’s strongest argument 2.Refutation – Explain why that argument is not valid or appropriate 3.Example – Use an example to support your refutation 4.Development (optional) - Further develop the fact and show how it proves your point 5.Concluding sentence - Pulls together and summarises main point from refutation Conclusion 1.Restate thesis – Restate the main topic and controlling idea from the thesis statement (paraphrased) 2.Summary – Summarise the main points from the article to support your opinion 3.Conclusion – Create a new idea/thinking point based on the points raised in the article
托福写作必备英文句型 在托福写作中，有一些常用的万能句型，跟托福写作模板的作用相似，都可以套用在托福写作中，帮助你在托福写作考试中取得高分。下面天道小编为大家列举了35种托福写作句型。 一、~~~ the + ~ est +名词+ (that) +主词+ have ever + seen ( known/heard/had/read,etc) ~~~themost+形容词+名词+(that)+主词 +haveever+seen( known/heard/had/read, etc) 例句：Helen is the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen. 海伦是我所看过最美丽的女孩。 Mr. Chang is the kindest teacher that I have ever had. 张老师是我曾经遇到最仁慈的教师。 二、Nothing is + ~~~ er than to + V Nothing is + more +形容词+ than to + V 例句：Nothing is more important than to receive education. 没有比接受教育更重要的事。 三、~~~ cannot emphasize the importance of ~~~ too much. (再怎么强调...的重要性也不为过。) 例句：We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much. 我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。 四、There is no denying that + S + V ...(不可否认的...)
托福写作辅导：托福考试满分作文欣赏（１） Which one do you prefer, to solve problems on your own experience and knowledge, or to ask others for advice? As knowledge and experience serve as twim towers in problem-solving, one is often presented with two major paths that pave the way for final fulfillment, eitther to wrack his brain, just like what happened to Neuton, siiting for many years under an apple tree and eventually figuring out ond of the greatest universal rules that govern the whole globe, or to seek for others ’ widsom through their advice, just as in the case of Benjinin Franklin, gathering great minds under one roof and then establishing a most world-renown libray. Both ways work. When a practical goal is involved, however, Benjimin Franklin may best be regareded as a role model in this respect and asking people for advice often turn out to be the prime alternative. Experience and knowledge borrowed or learned from others’ advice contribute greatly to effectiveness and effeciency for a goal-accomplishment. Not all experience and knowledge related to problem-solving can be obtained by personal effort alone due to limitations of mind and capabilities of each individual. A single thought in someone’s mind is, more often than not, far less shining compared with group ’s wisdom. That explains the famous old saying that one sees further when standing upon the shoulders’ of past great giants; that explains why a great leader is always with greater minds; that also explains why teamwork in corperation is highly emphasized in the 21st century. Brainstorm and exchange of ideas between different thoughts never fail to enhance capabilities of each individula involved, a team, a company, an institution, a country, or even the entire global village. Asking others’ advice instead of getting everything done on one’s own promotes democracy and communication too. In terms of democracy, it is necessary to give others rights and chances to speak since the problem may concern them in different ways, and their saying in turn reflects our respect toward freedom of speech as well as their wisdom. In terms of communication, idea exchange sometimes focuses more than solutions, and hereby better mutual understanding about perspectives, principles, praticalities and personalities of each other. Admittely turning to others for help and suggestion by no means refers to absolute and irresponsible dependence. Consideration upon different thoughts and ideas broadens our mind, enlarges our vision, furthers understanding, enhances more effective and efficient brainstorm, and stresses mutual respect in groups and communities, which undoubtedly gives rise to better, if not the best solutions. As is paraphrasedfrom John F Kenedy, brainstormed, there is little we cannot do while divided, there is little we can do. 托福写作辅导：托福考试满分作文欣赏(2) Case of Benjinin Franklin, gathering great minds under one roof and then establishing a most world-renown libray. Both ways work. When a practical goal is involved, however, Benjimin Franklin may best be regareded as a role model in this respect and asking people for advice often turn out to be the prime alternative. Experience and knowledge borrowed or learned from others' advice contribute greatly
托福独立写作高分范文4 ● 绝对词型 185题库 Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Parents are the best https://www.doczj.com/doc/6912259234.html,e specific reasons and examples to support your answer. Obviously, in most cases the earliest teachers people have are their parents, and parents are generally most concerned about the development of their children. However, it is not completely true to say that parents are the best teachers. Parents may, nevertheless, help their children much more than do good teachers. Most parts of children education are virtually beyond teachers' reaches. It is parents that supplement. Psychology studies have shown us that parents' love sometimes has astonishingly magic power to their children. Forest Gump's mother is a good example. On the other hand, parents might do their children harm more than do bad teachers as well. The natures of those children whose parents have misbehaviors are often severely distorted. In reality, not all parents are good teachers. As normal individuals, some parents more or less have some bad habits. Even though parents almost instinctively devote themselves to cultivating their offspring, the outcome might turn out to be disappointment, for all children tend to unconsciously or subconsciously copy everything including bad ones from their parents. Another deficiency of parents as teachers is the fact that most parents are lack of common senses of education. All too often we observe some parents tend to pursue their cherished but failed dream by forcing their children to develop in a prearranged direction. Ironically, when their children do not follow the instructions, the children will be regarded as disobedient or allegedly rebellious. In fact, it is parents rather than their children that virtually disobey common senses. Moreover, some parents are qualified as good teachers, but not all of them are the best ones. When children are in the preliminary school, it is not surprising that parents are perhaps capable of teaching their children almost every subject even better than professional teachers in the school. But the situation will not last long. We live in a world where knowledge is accumulated by multiplying and at the same time becomes more and more specialized. Therefore, to be a professional in a certain field today takes much longer time than has ever been before. No parent is able to be professional in all fields, though they might be experts in one or more fields. Wise parents often release rather than charge their children as early as possible. They are aware of the possibility outside the family. In a word, it is rather superficial to simply say that parents are the best teachers.(403)
托福考试报名英文地址该怎么写？ 2014-05-26 11:04:58 来源: 新东方(北京) 在托福考试报名中，考生注册neea需要填写英文地址，对于一些不太了解英文地址写法的同学，填写起来可能会有一些困难，新东方网小编特意为您汇总整理英文地址的格式和常用名词，希望对各位托福报名考生有所帮助。 1、英文地址格式 和中文刚好相反，按地址单元从小到大的顺序从左到右书写，并且地址单元间以半角逗号分隔(,)，同时邮政编码可以直接写到地址中，其位置通常位于国家和省(周)之间，书写格式如下： xx室, xx号，xx路，xx区，xx市，xx省，xx国 下面我们看一个简单的例子： 上海市延安西路1882号东华大学186信箱(邮编：200051) Mailbox 186,1882 West Yan'an Rd.,Donghua University,Shanghai 200051 2、托福考试报名英文地址书写框
3、英文地址常用名词 *** 单元 Unit *** *** 省 *** Province *** 市 *** City *** 区 *** District *** 镇 *** Town *** 县 *** County *** 村(乡)*** Village *** 街 *** Street
*** 路 *** Road *** 公司 *** Com./Crop/LTD.CO *** 厂 *** Factory *** 花园 *** Garden *** 酒楼/酒店 *** Hotel *** 大学 *** University/College *** 号楼/幢 *** Building *** 住宅区/小区 *** Residential Quarter *** 巷/ 弄 *** Lane *** 楼/层 ***/F ***号宿舍 *** Dormitory *** 室/房 *** Room *** 号 *** No. *** 信箱 *** Mailbox 4、更多范例 虹口区西康南路125弄34号201室 Room 201, No.34, Lane 125, Xikang Road (South), Hongkou District 河南省南阳市中州路42号 No.42, Zhongzhou Road, Nanyang City, Henan Province
最常用句型集表示举例的句型： 1. We may example of … 2. with the examples of… 3. a … 4. may be added. 5. is not ，it is I have 6. that… 7. the by 8. According to , it can be … 9. There is (no) …
10. All evidence … 11. leads me to conclude that… 12. 13. fact that… A. … 2.as A is, … For one thing, it … For another, it… 3.The effect of 4.Although A advantage …, it cannot compete with B in… 5.A’s advantage when B’s advantages are
is 7. Although everyone believes that … I 8. I that … 9. Although the is that … 10. to …is , one may still wonder whether …is fair. 11. They may be right about … the fact that … 12. Although it is that … , it is unlikely to be true that … 13. but that … 14. It would be to that …, that …to believe that … 15. reason for us to that …
写作真题(2017/4/23) Some young people are free in the evenings or have days off at school, which way can bring them the most benefit? 1. to accumulate work experience by a part-time job or volunteering in a community 2. learning to play a sport 3. learning to play a musical instrument 写作文 It seems that everyone in the world aspires to achieve something so as to live life to the full, especially the young who have a glorious future before themselves. Although a vast majority of people agree with this notion, opinions on how to achieve one's ambitious dreams or realistic goals are diverse. As a broadly-disseminated idea goes that the other 8 hours of free time determine one's success, an increasing number of young people are pondering a problem of how to maximize their "free" time—the 8 hours in the day when they are not studying, working or sleeping. As far as I am concerned, from the
托福写作15个写作模板，100句常用句型 出国留学，托福考试必不可少，以下是15个TOEFL的托福作文模板，100句常用句型按照托福作文结构组合而成。 托福写作作文文套一 Depending on personal experience, personality type and emotional concern, we find that some people hold the idea of A meanwhile others prefer to B, from my point of view, it is more advisable to chose A rather than B. My arguments for this point are listed as follows. The main reason for my propensity for A is that___________________________.就理由进行解释_____________________.For instance,____________________ Another reason can be seen by every one is that____________________________.就理由进行解释___________________For example,____________________ The argument I support in the first paragraph is also in a position of advantage because_____________________________ Although I agree that there may be a couple of advantages of B, I feel that the disadvantages are more obvious. Such as________________. In a word, ________________________________________________.So, it is sagacious to support the statement that it is better to A. 托福写作作文文套二 A or B 将原题复述___________________________________________When faced with the decision of A of B, quite a few would deem that______________________, but others, in contrast, believe A/B as the premier choice and that is also my point. Among countless factors which influence -A/-B, there are three conspicuous aspects as follows. The main reason for my propensity fo _________is that___________________ The second reason can be seen by every person that________. In addition, these reason are also usable when we consider that_________. There are some disadvantages in____________________另一种观点的缺点__________.
2012年11月2日托福考试写作范文综合写作： Passage: ocean life extinction. 原因有三：气候变冷导致海平面下降；小行星撞击地球；太阳紫外线加强由于臭氧层消失，给了个例子，一种海洋生物那时候在海洋表面绝迹了。 Lecture: 反驳 1 气候变冷很缓慢而且海平面下降晚于extinction 2 没发现那个时期的crater。 3 那种海洋生物具体在哪生活我们不知道，可能在海底生活。 独立写作： 三选一，你愿意作出下列那种改变improve your health Out of the following three things, which one would you prefer to regulate in order to improve your health? 1. The kind of food you eat 2. The amount of exercise 3. The amount of stress in your life Modern society has turned humans into curious creatures. Our ancestors were highly active thanks to their hunter-gatherer lifestyle; they ate fairly balanced diets due to the limited availability of fats and simple carbohydrates; and they relied on stress as a survival mechanism that kept them alert during intermittent periods of danger. Now, many of us spend upwards of 8 hours a day sedentary at our jobs; we eat unbalance diets of pre-prepared foods in order to save time; and we are constantly stressed due to a never-ending bombardment of stressors coming from our contemporary lifestyle. Managing all three things--diet, exercise, and stress--would be a daunting task for anyone, so if I had to pick one thing to improve my health, it would probably be exercise.