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Comment on “Density-matrix renormalization-group method for excited states”R.J.Bursill School of Physics,University of New South Wales,Sydney,NSW 2052,Australia,Department of Physics,UMIST,PO Box 88,UMIST,Manchester M601QD,UK.Abstract In a recent paper (Phys.Rev.B 59,9699(1999)),Chandross and Hicks claim to present a new density matrix renormalisation group (DMRG)method for dealing with excited states of quantum lattice models.The proposed im-provement to the DMRG—the inclusion of excited state wave functions in ad-dition to the ground state in the density matrix when calculating excitations—is in fact standard pratice,is clearly stated in White’s original papers,and has been used repeatedly by many groups to study excited states.The authors apply the method to the extended,dimerised Hubbard model for conjugated polymers.The criteria for determining whether states are bound or not are assessed.The authors claim that their results show that the optically im-
portant “1B u ”state is bound (excitonic),in contrast to a previous study.
However,the discussion is qualitative,and the authors arrive at conclusions
on the basis of results for one lattice size only.We show that when Chandross
and Hicks’criterion is developed into a quantitative de?nition of particle-hole
separation,with the ?nite-size dependence analysed,the implication is that
the 1B u state is unbound,in keeping with the conclusions of a previous study.
PACS numbers:71.10.F,71.20.R,71.35
Typeset using REVT E X
In a recent paper[1],Chandross and Hicks claim to present a new density matrix renor-malisation group(DMRG)method[2,3]for dealing with excited states of quantum lattice models.They apply the method to the dimerised,extended Hubbard model for conjugated polymers.They claim that a previous study[5]of this model is?awed because it uses a “conventional”DMRG method which does not handle excitations correctly.The improve-ment that they suggest is to form a density matrix not only from the ground state,but from all the states being targeted in the calculation.This is in fact standard practice in DMRG calculations of excited states and the structure of the density matrix required to target excited states is given in White’s original papers on the method[3,4].It has been used by many authors to target excitations in a variety of quantum lattice models(see,e.g., [6])and was certainly used in[5]when various excitation energies and correlation functions were calculated for the extended Hubbard model.The comparisons presented in Fig.1and Fig.2of[1],between the“conventional”DMRG and Chandross and Hick’s“improvement”are therefore of limited value,as,to the best of our knowledge,all DMRG studies of excited states to date have incorporated the targeted excitations into the density matrix[7].Unfor-tunately,a slightly di?erent value for the Coulomb V is used in[1]so a direct comparison with the results(e.g.,for energies)tabulated in[5]is not possible.We have run a DMRG program which uses the algorithm used in[5]for targeting excited states with the param-eters U=3t,V=t,δ=0.1,used in[1],and found good agreement for the energies and correlation functions with the results plotted in Fig.1(a)and Fig.2(a)of[1].For instance, we plot the1B u and mA g[8]energies as functions of the lattice size N in Fig.1.The results compare very well with Fig.1(a)of[1].
FIGURES 10203040
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
2.2
2.4
2.6
2.8
3.0
N E n e r g y FIG.1.The energies of the 1B u (diamonds)and mA g (triangles)states of the dimerised,extended Hubbard model as a function of the lattice size N for the parameter set used in [1].The number of states retained per block [2,3]is m =270.
In [1]Chandross and Hicks also examine criteria for deciding whether a particular ex-citation is bound (excitonic)or not.They claim that the average particle-hole separation,de?ned in [5]in terms of the density-density correlation function,is “too approximate”a quantity to determine whether a state is bound or not.They argue that by inspecting the centered correlation function as a function of distance (together with the pro?le of doubly occupied sites along the chain),for one particular lattice size (N =36sites),one can see that the 1B u and mA g states are “di?erent”in that the 1B u (mA g )has its strongest particle-hole correlations at short (long)distances.However,Chandross and Hicks do not present an alternative quantitative de?nition of the particle-hole separation,based on this observation.In [5],on the other hand,it is argued that a de?nition of particle-hole binding must take into account the way in which correlations scale with lattice size N .In [5]it is argued that this scaling is di?erent for bound and unbound excitations,and that the scaling of the average
particle-hole separation with N is but one manifestation of this.1020304050
0.0050.01
0.0150.020.025
i
<(^n i –1)2>1B u
–<(^n i –1)2>
1A g FIG.2.The average number of doubly occupied sites of the 1B u state relative to the ground state at distance i from the center of the chain for various lattice sizes N .Suppose we wish to take the average double occupancy of the 1B u state (relative to the
ground state)along the chain (?n i ?1)2 1B u ? (?
n i ?1)2 1A g as an example (Fig.2(a)in [1]).In Fig.2we plot this quantity for various lattice sizes N .We see that,although the concentration of doubly occupied sites is greatest in the middle of the chain,the distribution spreads out as N is increased.The area under these curves rapidly converges to a non-zero value (≈0.538)as N →∞.This shows that the number of pairs of particles and holes in the 1B u ,relative to the number in the ground state,approaches a constant.Our results could indicate that particle-hole pairs separate as N is increased and are hence unbound,or they may simply indicate dispersion of a bound exciton in the 1B u .
20406080100
– 0.008
– 0.006
– 0.004
– 0.002
i
C N 1B u (i )
FIG.3.The averaged,centered,odd-site correlation function (relative to the ground state value,as de?ned in [5])for the 1B u state for N =42(diamonds),62(triangles),82(stars)and 102(solid diamonds).
To address this,we again consider the averaged,centered,odd-site correlation function C N 1B u (i ),(again relative to the ground state value),de?ned in [5]and plotted for N =36in
the inset to Fig.2(a)in [1].In Fig.3we plot this quantity for a number of values of N .We see that,although the correlations are generally strongest at short distances,they become increasingly spread out,and hence the particle-hole pair becomes increasingly separated,as
N is increased.Indeed,if one utilises |C N 1B u (j )|to de?ne a probability distribution for the
particle-hole separation,as in [5],then one ?nds that the average particle-hole separation grows linearly with N ,as shown in Fig.4.We note that any use of the density-density correlation function to describe particle-hole separation and the nature of exciton binding of excited states in the extended Hubbard model is merely plausible rather than rigorous
[9],but Chandross and Hicks [1]do not o?er an alternative quantitative de?nition of the particle-hole separation to the ones provided in [5].
2040
6080100
5
10
152025
N P a r t i c l e -h o l e s e p a r a t i o n FIG.4.The (reduced)average particle-hole separation,as de?ned in [5]by using |C N 1B u
(i )|as a probability distribution,for the 1B u state.Note the linear increase with N .
To summarise,Chandross and Hicks claim that,because the 1B u and mA g have their greatest particle-hole correlations at short and long distances respectively (on the N =36lattice),the 1B u is bound and the mA g is unbound.We would argue that it indicates that the particle-hole potential is more strongly attractive for the 1B u state than for the mA g .However,from the plausible,quantitative de?nition of the particle-hole separation given above,it would appear that the attraction between the particle and hole in the 1B u state is not strong enough to bind them,and their separation increases throughout the range of lattice sizes studied.
Finally,we consider the structure of the density matrix when targeting excitations such as the mA g and nB u .Chandross and Hicks argue that only four states—the 1A g (ground state),the 1B u ,the mA g and the nB u —need be included in the density matrix.Our examinations of the dipole moments between the A g states and the 1B u indicate that this approach is probably reasonable for the mA g which is well de?ned.That is,there is a reasonably abrupt jump in the magnitude of the dipole moment 1B u |?μ|jA g at j =m .As shown in [5],this coincides with jump in the ionicity (the average number of doubly occupied sites)and in
the particle-hole separation.However,the nB u state is less well de?ned in that there can be a number of B u excitations that have a strong dipole moment with the mA g.This can be seen in Table I where we list the dipole moments jB u|?μ|mA g for N=6,10,14and18,for the?rst?ve B u states.Note that in no case is the nB u state clearly de?ned,though there is a general trend whereby the2B u increases its relative dipole strength with the mA g at the expense of the4B u.Our contention here,as proposed in[5],is that,at least in terms of dipole moments or the density-density correlation function,the1B u state is the threshold of unbound states in the B u sector and the“nB u”is not well de?ned for this model.
Calculations were performed at the New South Wales Center for Parallel Computing. This work was supported by the Australian Research Council.
REFERENCES
?Email address:ph1rb@https://www.doczj.com/doc/6510534613.html,.au
[1]M.Chandross and J.C.Hicks,Phys.Rev.B59,9699(1999).
[2]S.R.White,Phys.Rev.Lett.69,2863(1992).
[3]S.R.White,Phys.Rev.B48,10345(1993).
[4]Note also that the dipole operator method for calculating dipole-allowed singlet states
within the DMRG proposed in[1],was actually?rst described in G.P.Zhang,T.F.
George and L.N.Pandey,J.Chem.Phys.109,2562(1998).
[5]M.Boman and R.J.Bursill,Phys.Rev.B57,15167(1998).
[6]S.R.White and D.A.Huse,Phys.Rev.B48,3844(1993).
[7]We note further that Chandross and Hicks[1]claim that including only the ground
state in the density matrix leads to“grossly incorrect quantitative”results for excited states.Although it is illogical to include only the ground state in the density matrix when calculating excited states,for a given lattice size(e.g.N=36)it is in fact a mathematical certainty that the DMRG results for the excitations with a simple density matrix formed solely from the ground state projection operator will converge to the exact results as the number of states retained per block,m,is increased.The phrase“less rapidly converging”
is therefore more appropriate,as DMRG results should not be accepted if they have not converged with m.
[8]The mA g state is de?ned to be the excited state in the ground state symmetry sector
that has the largest dipole moment with the1B u state,which is the lowest energy state in the dipole allowed symmetry sector.
[9]https://www.doczj.com/doc/6510534613.html,vrentiev and W.Barford,Phys.Rev.B59,15048(1999).In this paper an alter-
native quantitative de?nition of the particle-hole separation is proposed using molecular
orbital operators.In terms of this de?nition there are indications that the1B u particle-hole separation grows less rapidly than linearly with N.
TABLES
N
6
3.48 1.770.38 3.300.06 14
5.33 4.730.67 4.24 1.73
TABLE I.Transition moments with the mA g states for the?rst?ve B u states(i.e. jB u|?μ|mA g for j=1,...,5)for N=6,10,14and18.Note that there is no clearly de?ned “nB u”state.
雅思口语part2话题万能模板：事件类今天三立在线教育雅思网为大家带来的是雅思口语part2话题万能模板：事件类的相关资讯，备考的烤鸭们，赶紧来看看吧！ 首先我们来说说“一件从数学中学到的事情”，拿到这个话题，先不要急着回答，可以用笔稍微构思一下思路，该怎么回答。首先，可以说一下这件事是什么、发生在什么时候，也就是作文中的事件和事件，这里需要注意的就是具体描述一下什么事但是又不能啰嗦累赘，而时间则可以大致概括点明即可。我们就从资料中的例子来说：高中的时候从乘法表中学到的一件事。 然后，要具体叙述一下这件事，即是最重要的部分，发生的地方、牵扯到的人物、以及这件事情影响到你的原因，为什么影响到你…… 资料例子来说：在高中的一次数学竞赛中失败，以至于灰心丧气，甚至对自己产生怀疑，而此时数学老师拿乘法的规则来比喻人生中的失败与成功的关系来鼓励我，以至于我从失败中走出来，从新赢得了下一次的数学竞赛。这件事情使我明白了，生活就如同数学乘法，有无数种可能，多种多样，我们要坦然面对。 而这里的例子看似像我们中文作文中的思路，但是关键在于它表述方式以及用词造句，不能太中式化。这里的重点，就是描述事件经过，即“在高中的一次数学竞赛中失败，以至于灰心丧气，甚至对自己产生怀疑，而此时数学老师拿乘法的规则来比喻人生中的失败与成功的关系来鼓励我，以至于我从失败中走出来，从新赢得了下一次的数学竞赛。”而老师的话则是重中之重，因为他让我明白了道理“生活就如同数学乘法，有无数种可能，多种多样，我们要坦然面对。”也是我深深牢记的原因，以及这件事对我影响深刻的原因。
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《鲁滨逊漂流记》试题 一、填空题 1.《鲁滨逊漂流记》的作者是英国作家__笛福_。 2．他在一座无人荒岛上生活多年后，收得一土人为奴，取名“星期五__”，后来，这一土人成为他的忠实的仆人和朋友。小说中描写鲁滨逊在荒岛上的经历是全书的精华。在岛上生活28年后，因帮助一个船长制服叛变的水手，得以乘船返回自己的祖国，他在成为巨富后派人到岛上继续垦荒，他的名字叫_鲁滨逊_，这部作品叫《_鲁滨逊漂流记》。 3．《鲁滨逊漂流记》是一部成功的现在主义小说，小说主人公鲁滨逊也因此成为欧洲文学史上的一个著名的文学形象。鲁滨逊，他敢于冒险，勇于追求自由自在、无拘无束的生活，显示了一个硬汉子的坚毅性格和英雄本色，体现了资产阶级上升时期的创造精神和开拓精神。他的名字，已经成为 __冒险_ 家的代名词和千千万万读者心目中的英雄。 4．鲁滨逊在荒岛上生活了28年，高度浓缩地体现着人的本质和人类进步的历程，他成了一位独自创造文明的英雄。 5．鲁滨逊在巴西买了一块庄园，曾在那儿过了四年安稳的庄园主生活。 6．在荒岛上，鲁滨逊刚开始主要的食物是_野山羊_，由于担心弹药用完，他就把他们捉住饲养起来。 7．偶然机会，鲁滨逊抖装饲料的袋子，过了雨天，抖袋子的地方长出了稻苗和麦苗。 8．鲁滨逊在岛上捉到一只鹦鹉，给它起名叫_波儿_。 9．鲁滨逊在岛上种粮的第一年收获了_两抖大米和_两抖大麦_，他把这些粮食碾碎放进自己烧制的瓦罐中烤成_面包_。 10.鲁滨逊在岛上还用_羊皮_制作了一把伞。 11．鲁滨逊用近__两__年的时间造了一只独木船，还挖了一条6_尺的运河，把船运到了半里外的小河里。 12．救了“星期五”，鲁滨逊知道在另一个岛上住着十五个_西班牙人，是海船失事后逃上去的。 13．《鲁滨逊漂流记》的作者是_英国小说家笛福_，他是该国文学史上第一个重要的小说家，有_英国小说和报刊文学之父_ 的美誉，他的文章影响了后来期刊文章和报纸的发展。 14．《鲁滨逊漂流记》是以第1_人称写的长篇小说。 15．鲁滨逊第一次出海的目的地是伦敦，不料却遇到了可怕的风浪，好容易才保住了性命。 16．鲁滨逊第二次出海是去__非洲__经商，这一次他成功了。 17．鲁滨逊第三次出航极为不幸，他们遇到了_土耳其海盗_，被俘虏，变成了奴隶，逃出后抵达巴西，在那里独自经营一个种植园_，生活过得很顺遂。 18．鲁滨逊第四次航行是去__贩运黑奴__，遭遇飓风，一连十二天。当行驶到__南美_洲一个岛屿附近时，船突然触礁，遂遭灭顶之灾。 19．鲁滨逊有一包钱币，约值__36___金镑。可对于岛上的生活来说，它们却是倒霉而无用的东西都已经发霉了。
英语口语1分钟演讲稿 英语演讲不同于纯粹的口语表达，更正式化、富于技巧性，我们所说的口语是口头表述。下面是小编为你整理的几篇英语口语1分钟演讲稿，希望能帮到你哟。 英语口语1分钟演讲稿篇一 here is a wisdom called to let go, there is a kind of learning is called choice, there is a kind of victory is called a successful selection and composition of 500 15 choice and successful composition 500 words article 15. Some give up, choose more suitable for their goals, may success closer. Materials thinkers in stork say; "The ability of survival needs more than one! Rabbit cannot learn swimming in school make hole, squirrel learn swimming in school to climb trees!" I think this is right. The swimming may really not suitable for a rabbit if give up swimming, choose to make hole maybe it could be a hole experts; Pine swim, climb a tree, I believe it will do very well.
一下是一个万能嵌套模板，不管你英语抽到那种TOPIC，都能套用这套模板。只需要在横线的地方修改就好了。 A: Hi good morning, nice to meet you here. B: Nice to meet you too. A: Haven’t seen you for a long time, what are you doing these days. B: I have just finished some exams. How about you? A: I have made a research on “_________”. B: what about it? A:”_______________”. B: Yes you really have a good command on “__________”. A: Thanks, I prepared it for a long time. B: I really appreciate your effort, in my view, __________now is quite different form it past, in the past, _________but now, with the development of technology, especially the computer science and the internet,__________, I think you can consider these different in your research. A: oh it is very interesting, you got the point. B: OK hope the information will help you. A: Of course, it will be. your suggestion is very useful to me, it’s about my survey. Do you like it? B: I love it very much, can I join your teem this year? A: Sure, welcome join us, we can do it together.
小学六年级《鲁滨逊漂流记》试题 一、填空题 1.《鲁滨逊漂流记》得作者就是英国作家__＿___＿＿、 ２、她在一座无人荒岛上生活多年后,收得一土人为奴,取名“__＿_＿___",后来,这一土人成为她得忠实得仆人与朋友。小说中描写＿______________＿＿__＿__就是全书得精华。在岛上生活28年后,因帮助一个船长制服叛变得水手,得以乘船返回自己得祖国,她在成为巨富后派人到岛上继续垦荒,她得名字叫__＿_____,这部作品叫《_____＿_＿》、 3.《鲁滨逊漂流记》就是一部成功得_＿_＿_＿___小说,小说主人公鲁滨逊也因此成为欧洲文学史上得一个著名得文学形象、鲁滨逊,她敢于冒险,勇于追求自由自在、无拘无束得生活,显示了一个硬汉子得坚毅性格与英雄本色,体现了资产阶级上升时期得创造精神与开拓精神。她得名字,已经成为＿______＿_＿家得代名词与千千万万读者心目中得英雄。 4。鲁滨逊在荒岛上生活了__＿_＿____＿年,高度浓缩地体现着人得本质与人类进步得历程,她成了一位独自创造文明得英雄、 ５.鲁滨逊在____＿__＿__买了一块庄园,曾在那儿过了四年安稳得庄园主生活。 ６.在荒岛上,鲁滨逊刚开始主要得食物就是 __________,由于担心弹药用完,她就把她们捉住饲养起来。 7.偶然机会,鲁滨逊抖装饲料得袋子,过了雨天,抖袋子得地方长出了＿＿________ 苗与__________ 苗。 8、鲁滨逊在岛上捉到一只鹦鹉,给它起名叫 _______＿__、 9.鲁滨逊在岛上种粮得第一年收获了_＿___＿ ____与____＿___＿_,她把这些粮食碾碎放进自己烧制得瓦罐中烤成__＿_＿＿____。 10。鲁滨逊在岛上还用_＿_＿＿_____制作了一把伞。 1１。鲁滨逊用近＿_____＿___年得时间造了一只独木船,还挖了一条_＿＿_______尺得运河,把船运到了半里外得小河里。 １2.救了“星期五”,鲁滨逊知道在另一个岛上住着十五个____＿____＿人,就是海船失事后逃上去得、
PETS 3 口语万能模板 1. 请考官/同伴重复问题 Sorry, Could you repeat that, please? Could you say it again, please? Excuse me, would you mind saying that again? Sorry, I didn’t quite catch that. 2. 思考，犹豫 Well, … … In fact, … … That’s an interesting questio n, I've never thought it, but I suppose to … … It's hard to say, but I guess … … Hmm, let me see … … I'm not sure, but maybe … … 3. 表达观点 As far as I am concerned, … … From my point of view, … … In my opinion, … … Fr ankly, it seems to me that … … 4.描述图片常用的表达语句 As i look at the picture.. Judging from the picture.. From the picture I can see------ The picture shows that------ The picture tells us that----- According to the picture------ As is shown in the picture----- We can see from the picture 5.描述图表常用表达语句 According to the picture, I can see----- The table /graph shows that ----- The figures in the table clearly bring out the differences between-----From the differences of the figures in the table , I can infer that-----From the graph /table, I know that---- 6.常用关联词 In the first place------secondly------ On one hand ------On the other hand------ What is the most important is----- What’s more----
英语作文万能模板 英文写作中，主题句，引导句，过渡句在文中的重要性不言而喻。适时的积累一些英语作文模板句子，会让你的文章增色不少哦~ （一）段首句 1. 关于……人们有不同的观点。一些人认为…… There are different opinions among people as to ____ .Some people suggest that ____. 2. 俗话说（常言道）……，它是我们前辈的经历，但是，即使在今天，它在许多场合仍然适用。 There is an old saying______. It"s the experience of our forefathers，however，it is correct in many cases even today. 3. 现在，……，它们给我们的日常生活带来了许多危害。首先，……；其次，……。更为糟糕的是……。 Today, ____, which have brought a lot of harms in our daily life. First, ____ Second,____. What makes things worse is that______. 4. 现在，……很普遍，许多人喜欢……，因为……，另外（而且）……。 Nowadays，it is common to ______. Many people like ______ because ______. Besides，______. 5. 任何事物都是有两面性，……也不例外。它既有有利的一面，也有不利的一面。 Everything has two sides and ______ is not an exception，it has both advantages and disadvantages. 6. 关于……人们的观点各不相同，一些人认为（说）……，在他们看来，…… People’s opinions about ______ vary from person to person. Some people say that ______.To them,_____. 7. 人类正面临着一个严重的问题……，这个问题变得越来越严重。
话题一What is your definition of success?What have you achieved in your life that makes you feel proud? In my submission, success is not to earn a great of money, nor is it to so some so great things. Not to be famous, not to be great, ordinary people also have their own way of success. I think, to make my families, and all the people I love have a happy life, is my own way to be success. Yes, the ancient people said, a man should take the world as his duty. But for me, the most important is to make these people I love happy! As I said, I want to make my love live a happy life. So it' always on the way to success! i want to make myself better and be able to make them feel happy. I remembered once a weekend, my parents are busy working so nobody have time to make a lunch, I tried to make it, but I didn't learn how to cook before! My little brother and I made an awful lunch after an attempt. I still remember how unsavory it was but the happiness on my parents ' tace is visible. At that moment, the feeling of pride arises spontaneously. I feel I am the most success person in our world. So after that, I tried to learn some cooking skills and I can make some delicious food now. 话题二Please describe what is the happiest/most embarrassing/funniest/scariest thing that has ever happened to you. For me, there is a really scariest thing happened in my life. That was when I had just been in high school for no more than one month! After the military training, we have a long holiday at last. My brother and I went back home together. We are so tired because the intension of the training is so strong! We planned to have a good sleep once we came home. After an hour 's drive and thirty minutes' walk, we finally arrived at our destination. And we found that our parents going out. But, when I was opening the door, he suddenly falls in a faint. I am so scared that I almost fainted too. After realizing what happened, I responded quickly. I dialed a first aid phone and then, call my parents what happened. I put my brother on the sofa to prevent him from catching a cold. And I called his name and asked some questions to see if he was even sober. Just a while, the ambulance arrived. And my parents got back after it. My brother was send to hospital and my heart is still beating fast. I think it 'probably the most scaring thing I have ever experienced.
《鲁滨逊漂流记》阅读测试题及答案 一、填空题 1. 《鲁滨逊漂流记》的作者是（英）国小说家（笛福），他是该国文学史上第一个重要的小说家，有（英国小说和报刊文学之父）的美誉，他的文章影响了后来期刊文章和报纸的发展。 2．鲁滨逊在一座无人荒岛上生活多年后，收得一土人为奴，取名(星期五)，后来，这一土人成为他的忠实的仆人和朋友。小说中描写（鲁滨逊在荒岛上的经历）是全书的精华。在岛上生活（28）年后，因帮助一个船长制服叛变的水手，得以乘船返回自己的祖国，他在成为巨富后派人到岛上继续垦荒。 3．鲁滨逊在（巴西）买了一块庄园，曾在那儿，过了四年安稳的庄园主生活。4．在荒岛上，鲁滨逊刚开始主要的食物是（野山羊），由于担心弹药用完，他就把他们捉住饲养起来。 5．偶然机会，鲁滨逊抖装饲料的袋子，过了雨天，抖袋子的地方长出了（麦）苗和（稻）苗。 6．鲁滨逊在岛上捉到一只鹦鹉，给它起名叫（波儿）。 7．鲁滨逊在岛上种粮的第一年收获了（两斗大米、两斗大麦），他把这些粮食碾碎放进自己烧制的瓦罐中烤成（面包）。 8.鲁滨逊在岛上还用（羊皮）制作了一把伞。 9．鲁滨逊用近（两）年的时间造了一只独木船，还挖了一条（六）尺的运河，把船运到了半里外的小河里。 10．救了“星期五”，鲁滨逊知道在另一个岛上住着十五个（西班牙）人，是海船失事后逃上去的。 11．《鲁滨逊漂流记》是以第（一）人称写的长篇小说。 12．鲁滨逊第一次出海的目的地是（伦敦），不料却遇到了可怕的风浪，好容易才保住了性命。 13．鲁滨逊第一夜在（树上）睡觉。 14．鲁滨逊第二次出海是去（非洲）经商，这一次他成功了。 15．鲁滨逊第三次出航极为不幸，他们遇到了（土耳其海盗），被俘虏，变成了奴隶，逃出后抵达巴西，在那里独自经营一个（种植园），生活过得很顺遂。16．鲁滨逊第四次航行是去（贩运黑奴），遭遇飓风，一连十二天。当行驶到（南美）洲一个岛屿附近时，船突然触礁，遭灭顶之灾。 17．鲁滨逊有一包钱币，约值（36）金镑。可对于岛上的生活来说，它们却是（倒霉而无用），都已经发霉了。 18．鲁滨逊来到岛上第（23）年的（12）月，突然发现岛上出现了一群（野人）。两年后，他救下一个俘虏，那天是（星期五），因此，这个俘虏名叫（星期五），他成了鲁滨逊的仆人。 19．1686年12月19日，鲁滨逊带着仆人乘船离开海岛，他一共在岛上生活了（28）年。
研学姐考研英语复试口语原创模板，模板毕竟是要万能，有局限性，担心和其他同学模板雷同学生，想根据自己实际情况定制英语口语模板请联系淘宝店铺：研学姐考研，只需您发我们完整汉语，由外教翻译并朗读发您，直接上考场用，既准确又节省复习时间，按汉语字数收费，请一定提前定制，因复试紧急，学生又太多。 Part 1 1、Would you please make a brief introduction about yourself？ What can you tell me about yourself？自我介绍 这是一个必问的问题。考官并不希望你大谈你的个人历史，他是在寻找有关你性格、资历、志向和生活动力的线索，来判断你是否适合读研。也可以适合把家庭介绍结合在一起，可以说父母、亲友给了你哪些方面良好的影响。切记考官不需要流水帐、白开水似的介绍。 上午好/下午好。我非常荣幸有这个机会参加贵校的面试。 我希望我今天有好的表现。我也相信我能够成功。 现在我将简要介绍一下我自己。 我的名字叫** 我今年*岁，我本科是**学校**专业，家乡是美丽的历史文化名城**，著名的景点和名人有**。 正如中国唐代思想家韩愈所说“业精于勤,荒于嬉；行成于思,毁于随”。我是一个性格既有外向一面又有内向一面的人，爱运动，爱看书，爱思考。 我的父亲是一名公务员，母亲是大学老师，虽然我是父母唯一的孩子,但是我不是一个被宠坏的孩子。 相反,父母一直希望我能接受先进的教育并成为一个对社会有用的人。我在学校一直努力
的学习，并把自己注意力集中到有意义的事情，比如，做环保志愿者，积极参加各种竞赛并获得各种奖励。 我做的很多重要的决定是深深的受我其中一位大学老师**先生/女士的影响。在他的指导下，我不仅学到了理论知识，也有很多实践机会。经过深思熟虑，我决定选择这所学校的这个领域。最后，英语对我很重要，我希望我能顺利通过今天的测试。这是我所要自我介绍的，谢谢您。 1.Good morning/Good afternoon. It is a great honor for me to have this opportunity to take this interview. I wish I could give out my best and have a wonderful performance. And I firmly believe I can do it well. Now I would like to introduce myself briefly. My name is ** I am** years old, I graduated from **University ,my major is **. My hometown is a beautiful historical and cultural city, **, which is famous for its famous scenic spots and celebrity, such as **. As Hanyu, an prominent thinker in T ang Dynasty said, the greatness is achieved through diligence and retarded by laziness, the deed is accomplished through thinking and destroyed by idleness. I am a person who has both outgoing and introverted sides, I like playing sports, reading book and thinking. My father is a civil servant , and my mother is a university teacher, I am the only child of my parents, but I am not a spoiled child. On the contrary, parents hope I can accept advanced education and become a
串河小学六年级《鲁滨逊漂流记》试题 一、填空题 1.《鲁滨逊漂流记》的作者是英国作家________。 2．他在一座无人荒岛上生活多年后，收得一土人为奴，取名“________”，后来，这一土人成为他的忠实的仆人和朋友。小说中描写 ______________________是全书的精华。在岛上生活28年后，因帮助一个船长制服叛变的水手，得以乘船返回自己的祖国，他在成为巨富后派人到岛上继续垦荒，他的名字叫________，这部作品叫《________》。 3．《鲁滨逊漂流记》是一部成功的_________小说，小说主人公鲁滨逊也因此成为欧洲文学史上的一个着名的文学形象。鲁滨逊，他敢于冒险，勇于追求自由自在、无拘无束的生活，显示了一个硬汉子的坚毅性格和英雄本色，体现了资产阶级上升时期的创造精神和开拓精神。他的名字，已经成为 __________ 家的代名词和千千万万读者心目中的英雄。 4．鲁滨逊在荒岛上生活了__________年，高度浓缩地体现着人的本质和人类进步的历程，他成了一位独自创造文明的英雄。 5．鲁滨逊在__________买了一块庄园，曾在那儿过了四年安稳的庄园主生活。 6．在荒岛上，鲁滨逊刚开始主要的食物是__________，由于担心弹药用完，他就把他们捉住饲养起来。 7．偶然机会，鲁滨逊抖装饲料的袋子，过了雨天，抖袋子的地方长出了 __________ 苗和__________ 苗。 8．鲁滨逊在岛上捉到一只鹦鹉，给它起名叫__________。 9．鲁滨逊在岛上种粮的第一年收获了__________和__________，他把这些粮食碾碎放进自己烧制的瓦罐中烤成__________。 10.鲁滨逊在岛上还用__________制作了一把伞。 11．鲁滨逊用近__________年的时间造了一只独木船，还挖了一条 __________尺的运河，把船运到了半里外的小河里。 12．救了“星期五”，鲁滨逊知道在另一个岛上住着十五个__________人，是海船失事后逃上去的。 13．《鲁滨逊漂流记》的作者是________国小说家________，他是该国文学史上第一个重要的小说家，有__________ 的美誉，他的文章影响了后来期刊文章和报纸的发展。 14．《鲁滨逊漂流记》是以第__________ 人称写的长篇小说。 15．鲁滨逊第一次出海的目的地是__________，不料却遇到了可怕的风浪，好容易才保住了性命。 16．鲁滨逊第二次出海是去__________ 经商，这一次他成功了。 17．鲁滨逊第三次出航极为不幸，他们遇到了________，被俘虏，变成了奴隶，逃出后抵达巴西，在那里独自经营一个________，生活过得很顺遂。
英语口语万能模板 一、图表作文 As is shown by the figure/percentage in the table/picture，____ has been on rise/ decrease，significantly/dramatically rising/decreasing from ____ in _____ to _____ in _____. From the sharp rise/decline in the chart，it goes without saying that _____. There are at least two good reasons accounting for _____. In one hand，____.In the other hand，_____ is due to the fact that ______.In addition，______ is responsible for _____. Maybe there are some other reasons to show ______.But itis generally believed that the above mentioned reasons are commonly convincing. As far as I am concerned，I hold the point of view that _______. I am sure my opinion is both sound and well-grounded. 二、书信作文模板 Your address Month，Date，year Receiver's address Dear …， I am extremely pleased to hear from you. And I would like to write a letter to tell you that_____. …… I will greatly appreciate a response from you at your earliest convenience/I am looking f0rward to your replies at your earliest convenience. Best regards for your health and success.
题试流记》《鲁滨逊漂一、填空题1.《鲁滨逊漂流记》的作者是英国作家_丹尼尔笛福 2．他在一座无人荒岛上生活多年后，收得一土人为奴，取名“星期五”，后来，这一土人成为他的忠实的仆人和朋友。小说中描写鲁滨逊在荒岛上的经历是全书的精华。在岛上生活28年后，因帮助一个船长制服叛变的水手，得以乘船返回自己的祖国，他在成为巨富后派人到岛上继续垦荒，他的名字叫鲁滨逊_，这部作品叫《鲁宾逊漂流记》。 3．《鲁滨逊漂流记》是一部成功的现实主义_小说，小说主人公鲁滨逊也因此成为欧洲文学史上的一个着名的文学形象。鲁滨逊，他敢于冒险，勇于追求自由自在、无拘无束的生活，显示了一个硬汉子的坚毅性格和英雄本色，体现了资产阶级上升时期的创造精神和开拓精神。他的名字，已经成为冒险家的代名词和千千万万读者心目中的英雄。 4．鲁滨逊在荒岛上生活了28年，高度浓缩地体现着人的本质和人类进步的历程，他成了一位独自创造文明的英雄。 5．鲁滨逊在巴西买了一块庄园，曾在那儿过了四年安稳的庄园主生活。6．在荒岛上，鲁滨逊刚开始主要的食物是野山羊，由于担心弹药用完，他就把他们捉住饲养起来。 7．偶然机会，鲁滨逊抖装饲料的袋子，过了雨天，抖袋子的地方长出了稻苗和麦_ 苗。 8．鲁滨逊在岛上捉到一只鹦鹉，给它起名叫波儿。 ，他把这些粮食碾两斗大麦和_两斗大米．鲁滨逊在岛上种粮的第一年收
获了9． 碎放进自己烧制的瓦罐中烤成面包。 10.鲁滨逊在岛上还用羊皮制作了一把伞。 11．鲁滨逊用近两年的时间造了一只独木船，还挖了一条六尺的运河，把船运到了半里外的小河里。 12．救了“星期五”，鲁滨逊知道在另一个岛上住着十五个西班牙人，是海船失事后逃上去的。 13．《鲁滨逊漂流记》的作者是英国小说家丹尼尔笛福，他是该国文学史上第一个重要的小说家，有英国小说和报刊文学之父的美誉，他的文章影响了后来期刊文章和报纸的发展。 14．《鲁滨逊漂流记》是以第_1__ 人称写的长篇小说。 15．鲁滨逊第一次出海的目的地是伦敦_，不料却遇到了可怕的风浪，好容易才保住了性命。 16．鲁滨逊第二次出海是去非洲经商，这一次他成功了。 17．鲁滨逊第三次出航极为不幸，他们遇到了土耳其海盗，被俘虏，变成了奴隶，逃出后抵达巴西，在那里独自经营一个种植园_，生活过得很顺遂。 18．鲁滨逊第四次航行是去非洲买黑奴，遭遇飓风，一连十二天。当行驶到南美洲一个岛屿附近时，船突然触礁，遂遭灭顶之灾。 19．鲁滨逊有一包钱币，约值36金镑。可对于岛上的生活来说，它们却是倒霉而无用的东西_，都已经发霉了。 20.鲁滨逊来到岛上23_年的12月，突然发现岛上出现了一群野人。两年
英语作文万能模板 英文写作中,主题句，引导句，过渡句在文中的重要性不言而喻。适时的积累一些英语作文模板句子，会让你的文章增色不少哦~ （一)段首句?1．关于……人们有不同的观点。一些人认为……?Ther ｅａre different opiniｏnｓ among people as ｔo ____ .Some peoｐl ｅ suｇgest thａt ____. 2．俗话说(常言道)……,它是我们前辈的经历，但是,即使在今天，它在许多场合仍然适用。?Theｒe ｉs ａｎ olｄsaying____＿_. It"ｓ the eｘpｅrience of our foｒefａｔｈerｓ,howeｖer，it ｉs correct in many cases evｅn tｏｄay. 3. 现在，……，它们给我们的日常生活带来了许多危害。首先，……；其次,……。更为糟糕的是……。 Today，＿＿__, wｈich haｖe bｒｏughｔａ lｏt oｆ harms ｉn o ｕr daily ｌｉfｅ. Fｉrｓt, ＿___ Secｏnd,＿＿＿_. Whａｔｍakes 4. 现在，……很普遍,许多人喜欢……, things woｒse ｉs that_＿_＿__. ? 因为……，另外（而且)……。?Ｎowadays，ｉｔ is comｍoｎtｏ＿_____． Mａny pｅｏpｌｅ likｅ __＿＿__ ｂecauｓe _＿＿_＿＿． Bes ｉdeｓ,＿__＿__. 5．任何事物都是有两面性,……也不例外。它既有有利的一面,也有不利的一面。 Everything ｈas tｗo sidｅs and __＿_＿_ ｉs not ａn exception，it ｈas both adｖantaｇes ａnd disaｄvantagｅs. ? 6. 关于……人们的观点各不相同，一些人认为(说)……，在他们看来,……?Pｅopｌe’s opinion ｓａbout _＿＿_＿_ vary from peｒｓoｎto ｐerｓｏn．Ｓoｍｅｐeople saｙthat ___＿_＿.Tｏｔｈem,_＿_＿_． ７．人类正面临着一个严重的问题……,这个问题变得越来越严重。
《鲁滨逊漂流记》练习题（满分100分） 一、填空题（每空1分，共30分） 1.《鲁滨逊漂流记》是以第一人称写的长篇小说，作者是英国作家_笛福_。他是该国文学史上第一个重要的小说家，有英国小说和报刊文学之父的美誉，他的文章影响了后来期刊文章和报纸的发展。 2．鲁滨逊在日记中把自己流落的荒岛命名为绝望岛，他收得一土人为奴，取名“星期五_”，后来，这一土人成为他的忠实的仆人和朋友。 3．《鲁滨逊漂流记》是一部成功的_现实主义_小说，小说主人公鲁滨逊也因此成为欧洲文学史上的一个著名的文学形象。他的名字，已经成为冒险家家的代名词和千千万万读者心目中的英雄。 4．小说中描写鲁滨逊在荒岛上的经历是全书的精华。鲁滨逊在荒岛上生活了28年，高度浓缩地体现着人的本质和人类进步的历程，他成了一位独自创造文明的英雄。5．鲁滨逊在_巴西买了一块庄园，曾在那过了四年安稳的庄园主生活。 6．在荒岛上，鲁滨逊刚开始主要的食物是_野山羊，由于担心弹药用完，他就把它们捉住饲养起来。 7．鲁滨逊认为荒岛上可分两季：雨季和旱季。一个偶然机会鲁滨逊抖装饲料袋子，过了雨天抖袋子的地方长出了稻苗和麦苗。 8．鲁滨逊在岛上捉到一只鹦鹉，给它起名叫波儿。 9．鲁滨逊在岛上种粮的第一年收获了两斗大米和两斗大麦，他把这些粮食碾碎放进自己烧制的瓦罐中烤成面包。 10. 鲁滨逊用近两年的时间造了一只独木船，还挖了一条_六_尺的运河，把船运到了半里外的小河里。 11．救了“星期五”，鲁滨逊知道在另一个岛上住着十五个西班牙人，是海船失事后逃上去的。 12．鲁滨逊第一次出海的目的地是伦敦，不料却遇到了可怕的风浪，好容易才保住了性命。鲁滨逊第二次出海是去_非洲_ 经商，这一次他成功了。 13．鲁滨逊第三次出航极为不幸，他们遇到了土耳其海盗_，被俘虏，变成了奴隶，逃出后抵达巴西，在那里独自经营一个_种植园，生活过得很顺利。 14．鲁滨逊第四次航行是去_贩卖黑奴，遭遇飓风，一连十二天。当行驶到_南美_洲一个岛屿附近时，船突然触礁，遂遭灭顶之灾。 15．鲁滨逊有一包钱币，约值___ 金镑。可对于岛上的生活来说，它们却是倒霉而无用的东西，都已经发霉了。 二、简答题（共50分） 1．英国著名作家笛福代表作品是《鲁滨逊漂流记》。请你用简洁的语言写出这部小说的内容提要（80字左右）。（10分） 《鲁滨逊漂流记》这部小说可以分为三个部分，第一部分写鲁滨逊离家三次航海的经历，在巴西买了种植园；第二部分是小说的主体，写鲁滨逊在荒岛上的经历；第三部分叙述他从荒岛回来以后的事情，主要经历是由陆路从葡萄牙回英国途中遇狼群的故事。