2017年12月英语四级【第二套】真题和答案完整版
Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on how to best handle the relationship between parents and children. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
低级拿分版
Nowadays, there has been a heated discussion as to the relationship between parents and children. Views on the topic vary greatly among people from different walks of life. Some believe that parents should spend more time with their children, but others consider it better to ask children to show more understanding towards their parents.
On one hand, I agree with the idea that as children, we should show more understanding and appreciate the love and life our parents have provided us with. Therefore, we could help our parents at home, say, share some of the housework. Furthermore, we could also tell them “I love you” every day to thank them. On the other hand, working parents are busy and have great pressure, so it is likely that they neglect their kids. Hence, to improve their relationship, parents could sit down and talk with their children, listen to their problems, help them and respect them.
However, from my perspective, this is not one man’s job. Both parents and children should work to understand each other. Thus, it is crucial to have effective communication. Only in this way can the relationship between parents and children be improved!
阅读部分
Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required
to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
We all know there exists a great void（空白）in the public educational system when it comes to 26 to STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) courses. One educator named Dori Roberts decided to do something to change this system. Dori taught high school engineering for 11 years. She noticed there was a real void in quality STEM education at
all 27 of the public educational system. She said, “I started Engineering For Kids (EFK) after noticing a real lack of math, science and engineering programs to 28 my own kids in.”
She decided to start an afterschool program where children 29 in STEM-based competitions. The club grew quickly and when it reached 180 members and the kids in the program won several state 30 , she decided to devote all her time to cultivating and 31 it. The global business EFK was born.
Dori began operating EFK out of her Virginia home, which she then expanded to 32 recreation centers. Today, the EFK
program 33 over 144 branches in 32 states within the United States and in 21 countries. Sales have doubled from $5 million in 2014 to $10 million in 2015, with 25 new branches planned for 2016. The EFK website states, “Our nation is not 34 enough engineers. Our philosophy is to inspire kids at a young age to understand that engineering is a great 35 .”
答案：
26. G) exposure
27. L) levels
28. F) enroll
29. O) participated
30. C) championships
31. E) developing
32. M) local
33. N) operates
34. J) graduating
35. B) career
Section B
Direction: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer sheet 2.
Why aren’t you curious about what happened?
A) “You suspended Ray Rice after our video,” a reporter from TMZ challenged National Football League Commissioner Roger Goodell the other day. ”Why didn’t you have the curiosity to go to the casino(赌场) yourself?” The implication of the question is that a more curious commissioner would have found a way to get the tape.
B) The accusation of incuriosity is one that we hear often, carrying the suggestion that there is something wrong with not wanting to search out the truth. “I have been bothered for a long time about the curious lack of curiosity,” said a Democratic member of the New Jersey legislature back in July, referring to an insufficiently inquiring attitude on the part of an assistant to New Jersey Governor Chris Christie who chose not to ask hard questions about the George Washington Bridge traffic scandal. “Isn’t the mainstream media the least bit curious about what happened?” wrote conservative writer Jennifer Rubin earlier this year, referring to the attack on Americans in Benghazi, Libya.
C) The implication, in each case, is that curiosity is a good thing, and a lack of curiosity is a problem. Are such accusations simply efforts to score political points for one’s party? Or is there something of particular value about curiosity in and of itself?
D) The journalist Ian Leslie, in his new and enjoyable book Curious: The Desire to Know and Why Your Future Depends on It, insists that the answer to that last question is “Yes”. Leslie argues that curiosity is a much-overlooked human virtue, crucial to our success, and that we are losing it.
E) We are suffering, he writes, from a “serendipity deficit.” The word “serendipity” was coined by Horace Walpole in an 1854 letter, from a tale of three princes who “were always making discoveries, by accident, of things they were n ot in search of.” Leslie worries that the rise of the Internet, among other social and technological changes, has reduced our appetite for aimless adventures. No longer have we the inclination to let ourselves wander through fields of knowledge, ready to be surprised. Instead, we seek only the information we want.
F) Why is this a problem? Because without curiosity we will lose the spirit of innovation and entrepreneurship. We will see unimaginative governments and dying corporations make disastrous decisions. We will lose a vital part of what has made humanity as a whole so successful as a species.
G) Leslie presents considerable evidence for the proposition that the society as a whole is growing less curious. In the U.S. and Europe, for example, the rise of the Internet has led to a declining consumption of news from outside the reader’s borders. But not everything is to be blamed on technology. The decline in interest in literary fiction is also one of the causes identified by Leslie. Reading literary fiction, he says, make us more curious.
H) Moreover, in order to be curious , ” you have to aware of a gap in your knowledge in the first place.” Although Leslie perhaps paints a bit broadly in contending that most of us are unaware of how much we do n’t know, he’s
surely right to point out that the problem is growing:”Google can give us the powerful illusion that all questions have definite answers.”
I) Indeed, Google, for which Leslie expresses admiration, is also his frequent whipping boy（替罪羊）.He quotes Google co-founder Larry Page to the effect that the “ perfect search engine” will “understand exactly what I mean and give me back exactly what I want.” Elsewhere in the book. Leslie writes：“Google aims to save you from the thirst of curiosity alt ogether.”
J) Somewhat nostalgically（怀旧地），he quote John Maynard Keynes’s justly famous words of praise to the bookstore:”One should enter it vaguely, almost in a dream, and allow what is there freely to attract and influence the eye. To walk the rounds of the bookshops, dipping in as curiosity dictates, should be an afternoon’s entertainment.” If only!
K) Citing the work of psychologists and cognitive（认知的）scientists, Leslie criticizes the received wisdom that academic success is the result of a combination of intellectual talent and hard work. Curiosity, he argues, is the third key factor—and a difficult one to preserve. If not cultivated, it will not survive：“Childhood curiosity is a collaboration between child and adult. The surest way to kill it is t o leave it alone.”
L) School education, he warns, is often conducted in a way that makes children incurious. Children of educated and upper-middle-class parents turn out to be far more curious, even at early ages, than children of working class and lower class families. That lack of curiosity produces a relative lack of knowledge, and the lack of knowledge is difficult if not impossible to compensate for later on.
M) Although Leslie’s book isn’t about politics, he doesn’t entirely shy away from the problem. Political leaders, like leaders of other organizations, should be curious. They should ask questions at crucial moments. There are serious consequences, he warns, in not wanting to know.
N) He presents as an example the failure of the Geogre W. Bush
administration to prepare properly for the after-effects of the invasion of Iraq. According to Leslie, those who ridiculed former Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld for his 2002 remark that we have to be wary of the “unknown unknowns” were mistaken.Rumsfeld’s idea, Leslie writes, “wasn't absurd—it was smart.” He adds, “The tragedy is that he didn't follow his own advice.”
O) All of which brings us back to Goodell and the Christie case and Benghazi. Each critic in those examples is charging, in a different way, that someone in authority is intentionally being incurious. I leave it to the reader's political preference to decide which, if any, charges should stick. But let’s be careful about demanding curiosity about the other side’s weaknesses and r emaining determinedly incurious about our own. We should be delighted to pursue knowledge for its own sake—even when what we find out is something we didn't particularly want to know.
36. To be curious, we need to realize first of all that there are many things we don’t know.
37. According to Leslie, curiosity is essential to one’s success.
38. We should feel happy when we pursue knowledge for knowledge’s sake.
39. Political leaders’ lack of curiosity will result in bad consequences.
40. There are often acc usations about politicians’ and the media’s lack of curiosity to find out the truth.
41. The less curious a child is, the less knowledge the child may turn out to have.
42. It is widely accepted that academic accomplishment lies in both intelligence and diligence.
43. Visiting a bookshop as curiosity leads us can be a good way to entertain ourselves.
44. Both the rise of the Internet and reduced appetite for literary fiction contribute to people’s declining curiosity.
45. Mankind wouldn’t be so innovative w ithout curiosity.
答案：
H) 36. To be curious, we need to realize first of all that there are many things we don’t know.
D) 37. According to Leslie, curiosity is essential to one’s success.
O) 38. We should feel happy when we pursue knowledge for knowledge’s sake. M) 39. Political leaders’ lack of curiosity will result in bad consequences.
B) 40. There are often accusations about politicians’ and the media’s lack of curiosity to find out the truth.
L) 41. The less curious a child is, the less knowledge the child may turn out to have.
K) 42. It is widely accepted that academic accomplishment lies in both intelligence and diligence.
J) 43. Visiting a bookshop as curiosity leads us can be a good way to entertain ourselves.
G) 44. Both the rise of the Internet and reduced appetite for literary fiction contribute to people’s declining curiosity.
F) 45. Mankind wouldn’t be so innovative without curiosity.
Section C
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statement. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 46 and 50 are based on the following passage.
Aging happens to all of us, and is generally thought of as a natural part of life. It would seem silly to call such a thing a “disease.”
On the other hand, scientists are increasingly learning that aging and biological age are two different things, and that the former is a key risk factor for conditions such as heart disease, cancer and many more. In that light, aging itself might be seen as something treatable, the way you would treat high blood pressure or a vitamin deficiency.
Biophysicist Alex Zhavoronkov believes that aging should be considered a disease. He said that describing aging as a disease creates incentives to develop treatments.
“It unties the hands of the pharmaceutical (制药的) industry so that they can begin treating the di sease and not just the side effects,” he said.
“Right now, people think of aging as natural and something you can’t control,” he said. “IN academic circles, people take aging research as just an interest area where they can try to develop interventions. The medical community also takes aging for granted, and can do nothing about it except keep people within a certain health range.”
But if aging were recognized as a disease, he said, “It would attract funding and change the way we do health care. What matters is understand that aging is curable.”
“It was always known that the body accumulates damage,” he added. “The only way to cure aging is to find ways to repair that damage. I think of it as preventive medicine for age-related conditions.”
Leonard Hayflick, a professor at the University of California, San Francisco, said the idea that aging can be cured implies the human lifespan can be increased, which some researchers suggest is possible. Hayflick is not among them. “There’re many people who recover from c ancer, stroke, or heart disease. But they continue to age, because aging is separate from their disease,” Hayflick said. “Even if those causes of death were eliminated, life expectancy would still not go much beyond 92 years.”
46. What do people generally believe about aging?
A) It should cause not alarm whatsoever.
B) They just cannot do anything about it.
C) It should be regarded as a kind of disease.
D) They can delay it with advances in science.
47. How do many scientists view aging now?
A) It might be prevented and treated. C) It results from a vitamin deficiency.
B) It can be as risky as heart disease. D) It is an irreversible biological process.
48. What does Alex Zhavoronkov think of "describing aging as a disease"?
A) It will prompt people to take aging more seriously.
B) It will greatly help reduce the side effects of aging.
C) It will free pharmacists from the conventional beliefs about aging.
D) It will motivate doctors and pharmacists to find ways to treat aging.
49. What do we learn about the medical community?
A) They now have a strong interest in research on aging.
B) They differ from the academic circles in their view on aging.
C) They can contribute to people’s health only to a limited extent.
D) They have ways to inter vene in people’s aging process.
50. What does Professor Leonard Hayflick believe?
A) The human lifespan cannot he prolonged.
B) Aging is hardly separable from disease.
C) Few people can live up to the age of 92.
D) Heart disease is the major cause of aging.
答案：
46. B) They just cannot do anything about it.
47. A) It might be prevented and treated.
48. D) It will motivate doctors and pharmacists to find ways to treat aging.
49. C) They can contribute to people’s health only to a limited extent.
50. A) The human lifespan cannot he prolonged.
Passage Two
Question 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.
Female applicants to postdoctoral positions in geosciences were nearly half as likely to receive excellent letters of recommendation, compared with their male counterparts. Christopher Intagliata reports.
As in many other fields, gender bias is widespread in the sciences. Men score higher starting salaries. Have more mentoring(指导), and have better odds of being hired. Studies show they’re also percei ved as more competent than women in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) fields. And new research reveals that men are more likely to receive excellent letters of recommendation, too.
“Say, you know, this is the best student I've ever h ad," says Kuheli Dutt, a social scientist and diversity officer at Columbia University's Lamont campus. “Compare those excellent letters with a merely goad letter:’ The candidate was productive, or intelligent, or a solid scientist or something
that's cle arly solid praise,’ but nothing that singles out the candidate as exceptional or one of a kind.”
Dutt and her colleagues studied more than 1,200 letters of recommendation for postdoctoral positions in geoscience. They were all edited for gender and other identifying information, so Dutt and her team could assign them a score without knowing the gender of the student. They found that female applicants were only half as likely to get outstanding letters, compared with their male counterparts. That includes letters of recommendations from all over the world, and written by, yes, men and women. The findings are in the journal Nature Geoscience.
Dutt says they were not able to evaluate the actual scientific qualifications of the applicants using the data in the files. But she says the results still suggest women in geoscience are at a potential disadvantage from the very beginning of their careers starting with those less than outstanding letters of
recommendation.
“We’re not trying to assign blame or criticize an yone or call anyone consciously sexist. Rather, the point is to use the results of this study to open up meaningful dialogues on implicit gender bias, be it at a departmental level or an institutional level or even a discipline level.” Which may lead to so me recommendations for the letter writer themselves.
51. What do we learn about applicants to postdoctoral positions in geosciences?
A) There are many more men applying than women.
B) Chances for women to get the positions are scarce.
C) More males than females are likely to get outstanding letters of recommendation.
D) Male applicants have more interest in these positions than their female counterparts.
52. What do studies about men and women in scientific research show?
A) Women engaged in postdoctoral work are quickly catching up.
B) Fewer women are applying for postdoctoral positions due to gender bias.
C) Men are believed to be better able to excel in STEM disciplines.
D) Women who are keenly interested in STEM fields are often exceptional.
53. What do the studies find about the recommendation letter for women applicants?
A) They are hardly ever supported by concrete examples.
B) They contain nothing that distinguishes the applicants.
C) They provide objective information without exaggeration.
D) They are often filled with praise for exceptional applicants.
54. What did Dutt and her colleagues do with the more than 1,200 letters of recommendation?
A) They asked unbiased scholars to evaluate them.
B) They invited women professionals to edit them.
C) They assigned them randomly to reviewers.
D) They deleted all information about gender.
55. What does Dutt aim to do with her study?
A) Raise recommendation writers’ awareness of gender bias in their letters.
B) Open up fresh avenues for women post-doctors to join in reaserach work.
C) Alert women researchers to all types of gender bias in the STEM disciplines.
D) Start a public discussion on how to raise women’s status in academic circles.
答案：
51. C) More males than females are likely to get outstanding letters of recommendation.
52. C) Men are believed to better able to excel in STEM disciplines.
53. B) They contain nothing that distinguishes the applicants.
54. D) They deleted all information about gender.
55. A) Raise recommendation writers' awareness of gender bias in their letters.
Part Ⅳ Translation (30 minutes)
Directions : For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English, You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
黄山位于安徽省南部。它风景独特，尤以其日出和云海著称.。要欣赏大山的宏伟壮丽，通常得向上看。但要欣赏黄山美景，就得向下看。黄山的湿润气候有利于茶树生长，是中国主要产茶地之一。这里还有许多温泉，其泉水有助于防治皮肤病。黄山是中国主要旅游目的地之一，也是摄影和传统国画最受欢迎的主题。
【基础版】
Mount Huang is in southern Anhui province. It has a unique scenery and it is especially famous for its sunrise and sea of clouds. To enjoy the greatness of a mountain, usually you need to look upwards. But to enjoy the beautiful scenery of Mount Huang, you need to look downwards. The humid climate in Mount Huang is good for growing tea trees. It is one of the main growing areas of tea in China. There are also many hot springs which help prevent skin illness.
Mount Huang is one of the main tourist destinations in China. It is also the most popular theme for photography and traditional Chinese painting.
2017年6月英语四级真题 作文一： For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay based on the picture below. You should start your essay with a brief account of the impact of the Internet on the way people communicate and then explain whether electronic communication can replace face-to-face contact.You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. “Dear Andy-How are you? Your mother and I are fine.We both miss you and hope you are doing well.We look forward to seeing you again the nest time your computer crashes and you come down-stairs for something to eat,Love,Mom and Dad.” 作文二： For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay based on the picture below. You should start your essay with a brief account of the impact of the Internet on learning and then explain why doesn’t simply mean learning to obtain information. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
2018年12月英语四级真题（第一套） Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the challenges of starting a career after graduation. You should write at least 120 words but no more than180 words. PartⅡ Listening Comprehension (25 minutes) 关注公众号“春秋大道”，无偿得到全部英语四六级历年真题（更新至2018年12月）+听力原频 Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and then questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A），B), C) and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through the centre. Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard. 1.A) Land a space vehicle on the moon in 2019. B) Design a new generation of mobile phones. C) Set up a mobile phone network on the moon. D) Gather data from the noon with a tiny device. 2.A) It is stable. B) It is durable. C) It is inexpensive. D) It is sophisticated.
2017 年12 月大学英语四级考试真题答案与详解（第3 套） Part I Writing 审题思路： 近年来关于医患关系问题的讨论非常热烈，学生对这一话题并不陌生。对于如何处理好医患关系（h ow to best handle the relationship between doctors and patients）可以从宏观角度进行讨论，如政府应该如何做；也可以从微观角度入手，即医生和患者应该怎么做，从而进一步转化成人与人之间的相处之道，如理解、信任等，再结合医患关系讨论即可。这样处理，相对前者要简单许多。当然，考生可以根据自己的认知和英语水平等实际情况，使自己的文章最大可能地出彩。 高分范文： Mutual Understanding Is Most Important When we talk about the relationship between doctors and patients, what comes into my mind is generally negative news. However, I believe there is a way for doctors and patients to get along harmoniously—that is mutual understanding. On the one hand, patients are helpless and worried when they go to hospital. So doctor’s attitude or response is critically important for them and their family. On the other hand, doctors have to face so many patients every day that they even have no time to take a rest. Such a high intensity of work could drive a man crazy. Thus, if they can stand in each other’s shoes, most problems could be solved. Otherwise, a doctor’s brief conclusion about the condition of patients might be regarded as cold blood and result in conflicts. Nowadays, much effort has been made to ease the tension of doctor-patient relationship. But I think the most effective one is mutual understanding and trust. 全文翻译： 相互理解最重要当我们谈论医患关系时，进入我脑海的多是负面新闻。然而，我相信医生和患者是可以做到和谐相处的，那就 是靠相互理解。一方面病人到医院看病的时候是无助的、忧虑的。因此，医生的态度或反馈对他们及其家人而言至关重要。另 一方面，医生每天要面对太多病人，以至于连休息的时间都没有。这种高强度的工作会把人逼疯。因此，如果他们能够站在对方的立场上思考问题，大多数问题就会迎刃而解。否则，医生对患者病情的简短结论可能会被患者认为是冷血，从而导致冲突。 当今社会为了缓和医患关系已经做出了很多努力。但是，我认为最有效的办法就是相互理解与信任。 Part ⅢReading Comprehension Section A 全文翻译： 众所周知，当提到（26）接触STEM（科学、技术、工程学、数学）课程时，公共教育体系存在巨大的空白。一个名为多丽·罗伯茨的教育者决心做些什么改变这一体系。多丽在高中教了11 年的工程学。她注意到，各个（27）等级的公共教育体系都存在着优质STEM 教育的巨大空白。她说，“在发现缺少数学、科学、工程学课程后，我创办了‘儿童工程学（EFK）’，让我的学生可以（28）报名。” 她决定开办一项课外活动，孩子们可以（29）参与以STEM 为基础的竞赛。该社团很快发展壮大，成员达到180 人，参加的孩子们获得了好几个州的（30）冠军，这时她决定全身心的投入到发展和（31）开发该课程中。全球企业EFK 由此诞生了。 多丽一开始在弗吉尼亚州自己的家里运营EFK，而后扩展到（32）当地的娱乐中心。如今，EFK 在美国32 个州及21 个国家（33）经营着超过144 家分公司。销售额已经从2014 年的500 万美元翻倍至2015 年的1，000 美元， 而且2016 年计划新开设25 家分公司。EFK 网站上写道，“我们国家（34）毕业的工程师并不够。我们的理念是从小就启迪孩子们，让他们理解工程师是一个伟大的（35）职业。” 详解详析： 26.答案：G）exposure 详解：名词辨析题。空格之前有固定表达when it comes to，其中to 是介词，故此处应填入名词或动名词。本句
目录 2017年6月大学英语四级真题及答案(完整版一) (1) 快速对答案 (14) 2017年6月大学英语四级真题及答案(完整版二) (14) 快速对答案 (28) 2017年6月大学英语四级真题及答案(完整版三) (28) 快速对答案 (37) 2017年6月大学英语四级真题及答案(完整版一) Part I Writing (25 minutes) (请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试) Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an advertisement on your campuswebsite to sell a computer you used at college. Your advertisement may include its brand, specifications/features, condition and price, and your contact information.You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section A Directions:In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and questions will be spoken only once. After you hear questions, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter onAnswer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。 Questions 1 to 2 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 1.A) The man in the car was absent-minded.
2017年英语四级真题阅读答案及解析 英语四六级的2017年上半年考试即将到来，为帮助各位更好的进行知识点的巩固， 以下是为大家搜索整理的2017年真题阅读答案及解析，希望能给大家带来帮助!更多精彩 内容请及时关注我们! 选词填空： section a to get a sense of how women have progressed in science take a quick tour of the physics department at the university of california berkeley.this is a storied place the 36 of some of the most important discoveries in modern science-starting with ernest lawrence's invention of the cvclotron(回旋加速器)in 1931.a generation ago female faces were 37 and.even today,visitors walking through the first floor of leconte hall will see a full corridor of exhibits 38 the many distinguished physicists who made history here, 39 all of there white males but climb up to the third floor and you'll see a 40 display.there,among the photos of current facnlty members and students are portraits of the 41 head of the department,marjorie shapiro and four other women whose reseaich 42 everything from the mecheanics of the universe to the smallest particles of matter.a sixth woman was hired just two weeks ago.although they're still only about 10 percent of the physics faculty,women are clearly a presence here.and the real 43 may be in the smaller photos to the right graduate and undergraduate students about 20 percent of them female.every years berkeley sends its fresh female physics phds to the country's top universities.that makes shapiro optimistic but also 44 "i believe things are getting bette "she says "but they're not getting better as 45 as i would like." 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答 a)circumstance b)confidence c)covers d)current e)deals f)different g)exposing h)fast
2011年12月英语四级真题 Part Ⅰ Writing (30 minutes) 注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上． For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong Will by commenting on the humorous saying, "Quitting smoking is the easiest thing in the world. I've done it hundreds of times." You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) Why Integrity Matters What is Integrity? The key to integrity is consistency--not only setting high personal standards for oneself (honesty, responsibility, respect for others, fairness) but also living up to those standards each day. One who has integrity is bound by and follows moral and ethical standards even when making life's hard choices, choices which may be clouded by stress, pressure to succeed, or temptation. What happens if we lie, cheat, steal, or violate other ethical standards? We feel disappointed in ourselves and ashamed. But a lapse of integrity also affects our relationships with others. Trust is essential in any important relationship, whether personal or professional. Who can trust someone who is dishonest or unfair? Thus, integrity must be one of our most important goals. Risky Business We are each responsible for our own decisions, even if the decision-making process has been undermined by stress or peer pressure. The real test of character is whether we can learn from our mistake, by understanding why we acted as we did, and then exploring ways to avoid similar problems in the future. Making ethical decisions is a critical part of avoiding future problems. We must learn to recognize risks, because if we can't see the risks we're taking, we can't make responsible choices. To identify risks, we need to know the rules and be aware of the facts. For example, one who doesn't know the rules about plagiarism may accidentally use words or ideas without giving proper credit, or one who fails to keep careful research notes may unintentionally fail to quote and cite sources as required. But the fact that such a violation is "unintentional" does not excuse the misconduct. Ignorance is not a defense. "But Everybody Does It" Most people who get in trouble do know the rules and facts, but manage to fool themselves about the risks they're taking by using excuses: "Everyone else does it," "I'm not hurting anyone," or "I really need this grade." Excuses can get very elaborate: "I know I'm looking at another's exam, even though I'm supposed to keep my eyes on my own paper, but that's not cheating because I'm just checking my answers, not copying." We must be honest about our actions, and avoid excuses. If we fool ourselves into believing we're not doing anything wrong, we can't see the real choice we're making--and that leads to bad decisions. To avoid fooling yourself, watch out for excuses and try this test: Ask how you would feel if your actions were public, and anyone could be watching over your shoulder. Would you feel proud or ashamed of your actions? If you'd rather hide your actions, that's a good indication that you're taking a risk and rationalizing it to yourself.
2013年12月大学英语四级考试翻译题目 许多人喜欢中餐，在中国，烹饪不仅被视为一种技能，而且也被视为一种艺术。精心准备的中餐既可口又好看，烹饪技艺和配料在中国各地差别很大。但好的烹饪都有一个共同点，总是要考虑到颜色、味道、口感和营养(nutrition)。由于食物对健康至关重要，好的厨师总是努力在谷物、肉类和蔬菜之间取得平衡，所以中餐既味美又健康。 Most people like Chinese food. In China, cooking is considered as not only a skill bu t also an art. The well-prepared Chinese food is both delicious and good-looking. Alth ough cooking methods and food ingredient vary wildly in different places of China, it is common for good cuisine to take color, flavor, taste and nutrition into account. Sinc e food is crucial to health, a good chef is insistently trying to seek balance between ce real, meat and vegetable, and accordingly Chinese food is delicious as well as healthy. 信息技术(Information Technology)，正在飞速发展，中国公民也越来越重视信息技术，有些学校甚至将信息技术作为必修课程，对这一现象大家持不同观点。一部分人认为这是没有必要的，学生就应该学习传统的课程。另一部分人认为这是应该的，中国就应该与时俱进。不管怎样，信息技术引起广大人民的重视是一件好事。 As China citizens attaching great importance to the rapidly development of Informati on Technology, some college even set it as a compulsory course. Regarding to this ph enomenon, people holding different views. Some people think it is not necessary, for s tudents should learn the traditional curriculum. Another part of people think it is a nee d, because China should keep pace with the times. Anyway, it is a good thing that Inf ormation Technology aroused public concern. "你要茶还是咖啡?"是用餐人常被问到的问题，许多西方人会选咖啡，而中国人则会选茶，相传，中国的一位帝王于五千年前发现了茶，并用来治病，在明清(the qing dynasties)期间，茶馆遍布全国，饮茶在六世纪传到日本，但直到18世纪才传到欧美，如今，茶是世界上最流行的饮料(beverage)之一，茶是中国的瑰宝。也是中国传统和文化的重要组成部分。 "Would you like tea or coffee?" That’s a question people often asked when having meal. Most westerners will choose coff ee, while the Chinese would like to choose tea. According to legend, tea was discove red by a Chinese emperor five thousand years ago, and then was used to cure disease . During the Ming and Qing dynasties, tea houses were all over the country. Tea drin king spread to Japan in the 6th century, but it was not until the 18th century does it s pread to Europe and America. Nowadays, tea is one of the most popular beverage in the world, and it is not only the treasure of China but also an important part of Chine se tradition and culture. 中国结最初是由手工艺人发明的，经过数百年不断的改进，已经成为一种优雅多彩的艺术和工艺。在古代，人们用它来记录事件，但现在主要是用于装饰的目的。“结”在中文里意味着爱情，婚姻和团聚,中国结常常作为礼物交换或
2017年6月大学英语四级真题及答案 (第一套) Part I Writing (25 minutes) (请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an advertisement on your campus website to sell a computer you used at college. Your advertisement may include its brand, specifications/features, condition and price, and your contact information.You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and questions will be spoken only once. After you hear questions, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。 Questions 1 to 2 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 1.A) The man in the car was absent-minded. B) The test driver made a wrong judgement. C) The self-driving system was faulty. D) The car was moving at a fast speed. 2. A) They have done better than conventional cars. B) They have caused several severe crashes. C) They have posed a threat to other drivers. D) They have generally done quite well. Questions 3 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 3. A) He works at a national park. B) He is a queen been specialist. C) He removed the beyond from the boot. D) He drove the bees away from his car.
Part II Listening Comprehension(25 minutes) Section A Directions:In this section,you will hear three news the end of each news report,you will hear two or three the news report and the questions will be spoken only you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard. 1. A) Her friend Erika. C) Her grandfather. B) Her little brother. D) Her grandmother. 2. A)By taking pictures for passers-by. C)By selling lemonade and pictures. B)By working part time at a hospital. D)By asking for help on social media. Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard. 3. A) Finding cheaper ways of highway construction. B) Generating electric power for passing vehicles. C) Providing clean energy to five million people. D) Testing the efficiency of the new solar panel. 4. A)They can stand the wear and tear of natural elements. B)They can be laid right on top of existing highways. C)They are only about half an inch thick. D)They are made from cheap materials. Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard. 5. A) Endless fighting in the region. C) Inadequate funding for research.
2018年12月大学英语四级真题完整版（第3套） Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the challenges of studying abroad. You should write at least 120 words but no more than180 words. PartⅡ Listening Comprehension (25 minutes) Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension ( 40 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once． Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage. Have you ever used email to apologize to a colleague Delivered a 26 to a subordinate (下属) with a voice-mail message Flown by plane across the country just to deliver important news in person The various communication options at our fingertips today can be good for 27 and productivity---and at the same time very troublesome. With so many ways to communicate, how should a manager choose the one that’s best --- 28 when the message to be delivered is bad or unwelcome news for the recipient We’ve 29 business communication consultants and etiquette (礼仪) experts to come up with the following guidelines for 30 using the alterative ways of delivering difficult messages. First of all, choose how personal you want to be. A face-to-face communication is the most 31 .Other choices, in descending order of personalization, are: a real-time phone call, a voice-mail message, a handwritten note, a typewritten letter, and the most 32 is email. Some of these may change order according to the 33 situation or your own preferences; for example, a handwritten note might seem more personal than voice mail. How do you decide on the best choice for the difficult message you’ve got to deliver “My 34 concern is: How can I soften or civilize this message” says etiquette expert Dana Casperson. “So when
2017年12月大学英语四级考试真题及答案（第一套）Part I Writing （25 minutes） Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short easy on how to best handle the relationship between doctors and patients. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Part II Listening Comprehension （25 minutes） Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.