一、社会民风问题(诚信、节约、食品安全)
互信 mutual trust
诚信 credibility
品德 morality
创新 innovation
共赢 all-win
欺诈 fraud
代价 cost
社会文明 social civilization 假冒伪劣产品 fake commodities
社会危害 harm to society
学术造假 academic cheating
诚实为上策 Honestly is the best policy.
减少浪费 reduce waste
促进改革 promote reform
减轻负担reduce the burden of……
调整产业结构 adjust the industrial structure
物质文明、精神文明一起抓pay equal attention to the material progress and cultural progress
形成文明、健康、崇尚科学的良好社会风尚 form civilized, healthy and science-upholding social practice
二、道德问题(尊老【扶不扶】、爱幼、奉献爱心)
伦理 ethics，moral principle
道德 moral，morality
逃避责任 shirk the duty, shun the responsibilities
中国文化传统美德 traditional virtue of Chinese culture
经济支持financially support,
严厉惩罚 severely punish
培养意识 cultivate the awareness,
遏制不良现象 curb evil phenomenon
虐待 mistreatment, be ill-treated, be neglected, be reduced to utter poverty
老年人 aged father, senior citizens, old and helpless parents, elderly people, the old
三、科技对生活带来的改变(科技发展、纸质书与电子书、电子商务发展、在线教育、交流沟通方式的改变、网络与生活、网恋、个人隐私泄露)
网恋cyber romance
网购online shopping
团购Group shopping
秒杀Sec-kill 网店online shop/store
信誉credit
退款refund
科学技术science and technology
沉迷网络web-addiction
电脑犯罪computer crime
电子商务e-commerce
虚拟生活virtual life
信息时代information era 网上冲浪surf the Internet 电子书 electronic book
网拍麻豆Net model 浏览器购物Monitor shopping 橱窗购物Window shopping
网上评价internet review
网上纠纷online dispute
恶性骚扰malicious harassment 品质保证quality guarantee
个人隐私 prrsonal privacy
四、教育问题(在线教育、出国留学、在华留学生、大学生心理问题、应试教育与素质教育、学术作弊)
培养cultivate
课余的extracurricular
填鸭式duck-stuffing
文凭热diploma craze
教学改革educational reform 学术的academic
创新学习innovative learning 高等教育higher education
假毕业证/文凭fake certificate/diploma 考研热the craze for graduate school 贫困学生poverty-stricken students
全体教员faculty
深造further one’s study
素质教育quality education
德才兼备 possess political integrity and professional ability
提高学生身心素质 improve the health and psychological quality
适应社会的改变 adjust to the social changes quickly
努力获得精神文明 make efforts to seek cultural and ideological progress
五、环保话题(全球变暖、海洋资源枯竭、自然灾害、环境保护和经济发展、低碳生活、过度包装)
雾霾haze
工业化industrialization
空气污染指数air pollution index
橙色预警orange alert
悬浮颗粒物airborne particulate matter 有毒物质toxic substance
空气质量检测air quality monitoring
有害空气污染物hazardous airborne pollutant
污浊的空气foul air
防尘口罩anti-dust gauze mask
能见度低low visibility
机动车尾气尘vehicle exhaust
乘客滞留passengers stranded
释放、泄漏有害气体和液体 discharge/ let out/ leak/ pour out harmful gases and liquids
六、传统文化与创新话题(人才与创新、创新求变)
碰撞crash
多样性diversity
原创原始的original 少数民族minority
有启发的revealing
极具魅力的charming 壮丽辉煌的splendid
谈话节目talk show
英语热English fever
文化和文明culture and civilization 博大精深的great and profound
融合交汇integration and interaction
中西合璧a combination of Chinese and Western elements
态度与幸福
As is revealed in the cartoon, a boy is contemplating(认为) the true meaning of happiness. It is indeed a tough question for him: what is happiness? Making a huge sum of money, or winning true love, or keeping good health, or what? The picture is fairly thought-provoking(发人深省), which intends to convey to us this message: Due attention should be paid to the constant topic of human—happiness.
We can easily recognize the significance of attitude in terms of happiness. On the one hand, some have suffered a great deal but generally remain happy. Take the victims of Wen Chuan earthquake as an example, they lost their families and even something more precious, but they eventually stepped out of the pain to rebuild their home. On the other hand, people who have a relatively easy and comfortable life, and yet are essentially unhappy. Without a positive attitude or the determination to find the little happiness of life, you are destined to(注定) be grievous, no matter what kind of situation you are in.
Considering all the points discussed above, it is advisable that we highly value optimism and apply it in our studies and work. We are, therefore, supposed to take a rational attitude. Happiness is an attitude, not a condition, which lies in the unswerving efforts(坚持不懈的努力) to complete one’s life.
如图所示，一个男孩沉思着“幸福”的真正含义。这对他确实是很难回答，什么是幸福呢?挣大钱，赢得真爱，永葆健康，还是其它?这个图片令人沉思，它试图传递给我们这样一个信息：我们应该适当关注人类这个永恒的话题-幸福。
我们很容易就能认识到在“幸福”这个话题中“态度”的重要性。一种情况，一些人遭受了很多，但仍然很幸福。就拿汶川地震的受害者为例，他们失去了家园，甚至是更加宝贵的东西，但最
终还是走出痛苦，重建了家园。而有些人过着相对惬意舒适的生活，但一点儿都不快乐。可见，如果你没有积极乐观的态度和寻找生活中小幸福的决心，不管你身处何境，都注定是悲伤的。
综上所述，我们应该重视乐观的态度并把它应用到我们的学习和工作中。因此，我们应该有一个合理的理念：幸福是一种态度，而不是一种条件，它的实现在于通过不断地努力让自己的人生更加完美。
【中西方文化合璧】
As is shown in the picture, a young American girl is wearing traditional Chinese dress and ornaments and is smiling sweetly. It may be an ordinary picture, but it conveys deep and profound meaning: national culture is also international culture.
Ever since we opened our door to the world, we have attracted and influenced by things from other cultures, such as jeans, country music and fast food. We have shown such interest in them that some people, especially the younger generation, become crazy about them. The more exotic(异国风情的) they are, the more fashionable they seem to be. Now, national culture began to show its charm and gain popularity(受到欢迎) all over the world. Our national costume, just as shown in the picture, Beijing Opera, Cross Talk, for example, have won favor with(得到……支持) a lot of foreigners.
As national culture becomes international culture, people in the world better understand each other. We are all villagers in this global village. Mutual respect and understanding (相互尊重、理解)make this world a better place to live in.
如图所示，一个年轻的美国女孩穿着传统的中国服饰，笑容甜美。图片或许很简单，但它表达了深刻的含义：民族文化也是世界的文化。
自从改革开放以来，外来的文化，例如：牛仔裤、乡村音乐及快餐等吸引并影响着我们。我们对这些充满兴趣，尤其是年轻人为其疯狂。他们越是异国风情，就越是时尚流行。如今，我们的本族文化开始展现其魅力，并且在全世界范围内受到欢迎。例如，图片中展示的民族服装、京剧、相声受到了很多外国人的喜爱。
民族文化也是世界的，所以全世界的人们能够更好的理解对方。我们都是地球村的村民，相互的尊重和理解让这个地球更适宜居住。
On a tree sprout four branches, which are symbols of academic abilities(学术能力), practical abilities(实践能力), organization abilities(组织能力) and acting abilities(表演能力). A saw, a symbol of education, violently cuts down three branches, leaving the only one symbolizing academic abilities.
This picture illustrates a current problematic standard practice in education which stresses only academic learning. High scores in examinations or rather academic success is apparently the main pursuit by most students, parents and teachers. In china, a great educational background is always considered as a sure ticket to a lucrative career(有钱途的职业) and a successful life. Children, consequently, are expected to go along the same growth path from a famous kindergarten to a good primary school to a key middle school and then hopefully to a well-known university. If a child shows no interest in traditional learning, even though he is talented in other fields, he will be considered as an idle person without big dreams and be severely punished.
This education principle was fruitful(有成效的) when university students were highly valued by the job market but no longer productive since the job market has greatly changed. The job market requires more than academic ability nowadays. People with admirable educational background will also fail because of lack of other abilities. There are many forms of abilities for a person, and we’d better strive for a balanced development.
一棵树上生出四个枝杈，分别象征着学术能力、实践能力、组织能力和表演能力。一把象征教育的锯生硬地把三个分枝砍掉了，只剩下了一个象征学术能力的枝丫。
这幅图说明了当前在教育界，标准的惯例是有问题的：只强调学术学习。很明显，大部分的学生、父母、老师最主要追求的是考试中取得高分以及学术上的成功。在中国，好的教育背景一直被认为是高新工作和成功人生的入场券。所以孩子们都期待能有这样人生：从著名的幼儿园到知名的小学，再到重点高中，然后希望考上名牌大学。如果一个孩子对传统的教育不感兴趣，尽管他在其它领域有天赋，人们也会认为他是一个没有梦想无所事事的人，还会受到严厉的惩罚。
当职场赋予大学生高得价值是，这个教育理念就是有益的，但因为职场有了很大的变化，这一理念已经不再有益了。现在的职场需要的不仅是学术能力，有着非凡教育背景的人因为缺乏其它能力也会失败。一个人有各种各样的能力，我们最好追求发展的平衡。
【让座】
In the thought-provoking picture, a young man and a lady is sitting on the chair in a waiting room that is allocated specially for mothers with baby. Regrettably(令人遗憾的是), they simply neglect the mother with a baby in her right arm and a big bag in her left hand standing just beside them with great efforts. The scene will set ordinary citizens to think seriously about the nation’s painfully declining moral climate(道德风尚的衰败).
Some of this can be attributed to the lack of morality(道德缺乏), a problem shown particularly in the younger generation. Their sense of moral standards (道德感标准)seems
to be withering(下降) although their material comforts have been considerably enhanced. What makes matters even worse is the fact that such misdeeds as spitting, picking flowers in public gardens or making noises in public places are becoming so pervasive(普遍的) that they are likely to be taken for granted(习惯成自然) by the public. With today’s w orsening morality, social bonds (社会联系)have been weakened, replaced by a greater emphasis on self. That is why new ideas must come forward to improve the nation’s moral climate though the challenge cannot be underestimated(低估).
Moral decline will not be reversed(扭转)until we find new ways to improve our moral standards. For adults, we can make use of every chance to remind young people of the importance of good manners, both as a competent citizen(合格公民) in modern society and as a model for them to follow. Only in this way can the moral climate of our nation be improved, and we sincerely wish that the young man in the picture could realize that he has sit on a “wrong” seat.
在这个法人深省的图片中，一个年轻人和以为女士坐在母婴室的座位上。遗憾的是，他们忽视掉了旁边站着的一位母亲，她右手抱着孩子左手提着个大袋子，非常吃力。这个场景让我们不禁沉思整个民族道德风气的衰败，令人痛心。
导致这种现象的一些原因可以归因为道德缺失，这一现象在年轻人当中尤为明显。尽管人们物质上的舒适度提高了，但道德感却下降了。更加糟糕的是，一些不良行为，比如说吐痰，在公园采花，在公共场所大声喧哗等越来越普遍，而且公众逐渐习惯成自然。今天随着道德感的下降，社会联系也已经弱化，取而代之的是更加明显的以自我为中心。这也是为什么我们必须提出要提高全民的道德风尚，尽管挑战是不容低估的。
只有找到提高道德标准的方法，我们才能逆转道德感的下降。对于成年人，作为现代社会的合格公民和年轻人仿效的榜样，我们应该利用每次机会提醒他们良好习惯的重要性。只有通过这种方式，国家的道德风尚才能被提高。我们也真诚的希望，图片中的年轻人能够意识到他坐错了座位。
【环境保护】
The cartoon presents the Earth with a personified human face that seems quite unhappy. An examination of the picture immediately reveals that the source of its mood is the air pollution resulting from a huge number of automobiles spread around its surface.
The cartoon, no doubt, aims at alarming humans of the heavy load we have exerted on Earth by our insatiable(贪得无厌的) production and usage of automobiles. However, the majority of people merely indulge in(沉迷于) the celebration of the convenience brought by cars, while forgetting or simply neglecting their harmful impact on the atmosphere.
Admittedly(无可否认地), there are various factors contributing to the current worldwide air pollution, but it is undeniable that(不可否认地) the exhaust from automobiles is categorized as one of the major elements.
I would like to make the following proposals to solve this problem: firstly, we should apply the most cutting-edge technologies(前沿技术) in order to adopt new forms of energy(新能源) as substitutes for(取代) fossil fuels(矿物燃料). It should also be guaranteed that the clean energy be inexpensive so that it can be widely accepted. Besides, there should be attempts to develop possible transportation means, so that citizens can be diverted from(摆脱)dependence on cars. In short, it is humans’ responsibility to resume(恢复，唤回)clean air for Earth.
这幅漫画以拟人的方式呈现地球，它的脸显得非常不高兴。仔细观察这幅图就会发现其郁闷来自于空气污染，这是由于其表面上有着无数车辆在行驶。
毫无疑问，这幅漫画意在向人们敲响警钟，即人类永不知足的生产和使用汽车给我们的地球带来了巨大的负担。但是，大部分人却沉溺于汽车带来方便，而忘记了或者是忽略了其对大气层的负面影响。诚然，有很多因素导致了现在的全球空气污染问题，但是不能否认的是汽车废气被归为最重要的因素之一。
为了解决这个问题，我想提出以下建议：第一，我们应该运用最先进的技术从而以新能源替代化石燃料。同时，我们要确保清洁能源的价格低廉以得到大众的接受。此外，我们应该尝试发展各种交通方式，这样市民们能够摆脱对于汽车的依赖。简而言之，人类有责任来恢复地球的清洁空气。
城镇居民人口变化
What is clearly presented in the above chart is the different numbers of urban residents and rural population among 1990,2000 and 2010.The number of urban residents climbed steadily(稳步上升) from 300 million in 1990 to 660 million or so in 2010，while rural population decreased slightly(缓慢下降) from about 820 million to 680 million or so in the same period.
It is not difficult to come up with(提出)some possible factors accounting for(解释)this trend. On the one hand, with the rapid development of economy and society, people in mounting numbers crowd into cities in search of employment, a decent living and the excitement of urban life recently. On the other hand, the economy in the rural districts is comparative(相对而言)less developed and thus the opportunity to make money and pursue their future is as well lean. As a result, an increasing number of folks are trying to escape this destiny by flocking into(大量涌入) the urban areas.
Given the analyses above, I firmly believe that such established trend(现有趋势)will surely continue for quite a while in the forthcoming years and due importance should be attached to this evident situation.
精彩译文：
图中清楚的描述出在1990,2000以及2010年间，城市和农村人口数据上的变化。从1990年到2010年，城镇人口的数量由3亿稳步上升到6.6亿，而同一时期农村人口从8.2亿缓慢下降到了6.8亿。
想出一些可能的因素来解释这种趋势并不难。一方面，随着社会和经济的快速发展，最近越来越多的人涌入城市寻找工作、体面的生活及城市生活的激情。另一方面，农村地区的经济相对不发达，所以赚钱和追求未来的机会也很少。因此，越来越多的乡下人为了逃避这种命运而大批来到城市。
综上分析，我坚信这种趋势在未来的几年中将会持续下去，而且我们应该重视这种明显的形势。
大学生兼职比例
In the bar chart, it shows the changes of the proportion of the students having part-time jobs during the fou r years’ study in college. The proportion increases slightly(缓慢增长)from the first year to the third year, however, the fourth year has witnessed a fast increase, surging to(高达)88.24%.
There is no denying that(毫无疑问) taking a part-time job certainly brings about both advantages and disadvantages. To begin with, students can learn how to get along well with others and know the society more profoundly by taking a part-time job. Furthermore, to take a part-time job provides the students with a valuable opportunity to put what he has learned from books into practice(付诸实践). Finally, students can make some money, which helps to unload problems(解决问题) may also arise. The main job of college students is to study, not to work. If they have part-time jobs, they may have to reduce their time for study. As a result, they may find it hard to adjust to what the college expects from them as well as their employers’ expectation, and finally, they may fall behind or fail in their studies.
Due to the analysis above, you have to strike a balance(公平处理) between your study and the job. Study is your major task while a part time job is a minor one though work experience is desirable.
柱状图展示出在大学四年中学生从事兼职比例的变化。从大一到大三比例小幅上升，然而，到了大四快速上升到了88.24%。
毫无疑问，做兼职工作肯定不仅有益处而且也会有弊端。首先，学生通过做兼职能够学会如何与人相处，也会更好的了解社会。其次，参加兼职工作能提供给学生宝贵的机会，把从书本上所学的应用到实践中去。最后，学生可以赚钱来解决问题。但学生最主要的事情是学习而并非工作。如果参加兼职工作，学习的时间就会减少。结果他们发现很难调整学校对和老板对自己的期望，最后可能在学习中落后或不及格。
综上所析，你应该在学习和工作中寻找一个平衡点。尽管工作经验很难得，学习始终是主要任务，兼职是第二位的。
手机用户数量变化
Developed and developing countries witnessed different rates of growth in mobile-phone subscription from 2000 to 2008. As the bar graph shows, the number of mobile-phone sub-scribers in developed countries rose steadily(稳步增长)from 0.7 billion in 2000 to one billion in 2008. By stark contrast(突出对比), cell phone users in developing countries soared from 0.4 billion to 4 billion in the same period.
What accounts for this disparity(差距，不同)? The answer involves two factors. The first reason is technology gap. Developed countries generally enjoy advanced technology, which enables them to popularize mobile phone ahead of developing countries. Another contributing factor is the difference in population size. As we know, developed countries usually have a small population but most developing countries a large. As the price of the mobile phone slides(下滑), more and more people in developing countries avail themselves of(利用)this service, which explains the substantial increase(大幅增长)in mobile-phone subscription in these countries since 2003.
From the case of mobile-phone subscription, we see that developing countries are quickly catching up(赶追)in science and technology, which is believed to be conducive to closing the gap between developing and developed countries.
2000年到2008年间，在发达国家以及发展中国家手机用户有了不同程度的增长。如图所示，在发达国家2000年移动手机用户为7亿，之后稳步增长，2008年到了10亿。相比之下，同期在发展中国家手机用户量从4亿直线上升到了40亿。
怎样来解释这种差异?答案有两点：第一个原因是技术差距。发达国家通常享有先进技术，这就使得手机的普遍性要超过发展中国家。另一个影响因素是人口数量的不同。众所周知，发达国家通常人口数量少，而发展中国家大部分人口数量庞大。随着手机价格的下滑，发展中国家越来越多的人得益于这种服务。这也就解释了自2003年这些国家的手机用户大幅度提高的原因。
从手机用户的例子来看，发展中国家在科技领域快速赶追，我们坚信这对缩小发达国家与发展中国家的差距是有益的。
员工满意度调查
The table clearly reflects the statistics of job satisfaction of the staff(员工满意度)in a certain company. According to the data given above, we may conclude that the percentage of people satisfied with their jobs is highest among those over 50 years old, at about 40%. Meanwhile, the proportions of the personnel feeling hard to say are the same between those under 40 and over the age of 50, at about 50%. In contrast, the figure of the staff not satisfied with their jobs is about 64% among those between the age of 41 and 50, the highest among all the three categories.
The major determinant lies in people’s various attitudes. On the one hand, the staffs between the age of 41 and 50 usually have to undertake their responsibilities(承担责任) and pressure from both their families and their career. Sometimes they even go to extremes, and frantically pursue money, power, high social status, and so on, which are all symbols of success—but never of satisfaction. On the other hand, people over the age of 50 always shift their life’s goal from ultimate success to a relatively easy and comfortable life, and therefore become much more satisfied with their jobs.
In view of the above reasoning, I am convinced that it is difficult for everyone to be content with their jobs,and that it is advisable for each person to adjust his or her understanding of job satisfaction to reality. It is also clear to me that, despite the diverse attitudes towards one’s career,true satisfaction probabl y derives from a positive attitude.
精彩译文
表格清晰的反映出某公司员工满意度的数据统计。根据上面给出的数据，对工作满意度最高的人群在50岁左右，达到40%。同时，在小于40岁大于50岁的人群中，对工作满意度模糊的人数比例相同。相比之下，对工作不满意的比例三类型中最高达64%，出现在41到50岁之间人群中。
最主要的原因在于人们不同的态度。一方面，年龄在41岁到50岁之间员工必须要承担来自家庭和工作中的责任和压力。有时候甚至走向极端，疯狂的追求象征着成功的金钱、权利和高的社会地位等等，从不知满足。另一方面，超过50岁的员工已经把生活目标从终极成功转到了相对惬意和舒适的生活，因此，对他们的工作更加满意。
由于上述理由，我确信让每个人对自己的工作满意很难，建议大家调整对工作满意度的理解变得现实。同时，我也明白了，不同的人对自己的工作有不同的态度，真正的满足可能来源于积极的态度。
一. 学术文化篇 1. 沉迷网络游戏 李华沉迷于电脑游戏中，影响了学习。作为他的好朋友，你打算怎么帮他呢?请用下面所给的提示词写一篇不少于80字的短文。字迹工整，语言流畅。 提示词：give up concentrate on be (become)interested in ★范文 Li Hua spent too much time playing computer games and he fell behind others. As a good friend of his, I must do something to help him. Firstly, I think it’s very important for him to learn lessons well. He should spend most of his time on his study instead of computer games. Secondly, I must tell him that playing computer games too much is bad for his health, especially for his eyes. So he must give it up. I can play more sports with him after school. Maybe he will become more interested in sports than computer games. And then I'll ask him to concentrate more on his study. Of course, I will try my best to help him with all his subjects. I think I can do it in many fun ways and let him find much fun in studying. At the same time, I'll ask both his parents and our teachers to help him, too. If I try these, I'm sure he will make great progress soon. 2. 怎样学好英语 世界在发展，文化在交融，英语已经成为人们沟通的桥梁。怎样学好英语是我们一直在探索的问题。几年的学习经历你一定积累了许多成功的经验，请从听、说、读、写四方面谈谈你的建议。 要求：1. 词数：80—100词(开头已给出，不计入总词数) 2. 字迹工整，语言流畅，表达正确，逻辑清晰。 ★范文 How to learn English well English is important and useful to us. How can we learn it well? Here are my suggestions. First, we should often listen to the tapes, English songs and programs. Watching English movies is also helpful to us. Second, we should speak English in class as much as possible. Don’t be afraid of making mistakes. The more you speak, the fewer mistakes you’ll make. We'd better join the English club and practice with others. Third, we can read more English newspapers and magazines. It’s good for us. At last, we should recite some good passages and keep diaries. In a word, as long as we do more listening, speaking, reading and writing, we will learn English well. 二. 素质教育篇 3. 如何减压让生活更美好 许多学习生活中的烦恼都会使人产生压力,为了更好地发现及解决同学们中存在的心理压力问题,你们班特意开展了一次以"Less Pressure, Better Life"为主题的英语演讲比赛,请你准备发言稿,谈谈你的一些缓解压力的好办法,与同学分享,内容包括: (1) 同学们中普遍存在的压力是什么; (2) 我的压力是什么; (3) 我是如何成功缓解我的压力的。 注意:文中不得出现真实的姓名和校名。词数80~100。 ★范文
1. 感谢信 假设你是李华，梁教授去年六月推荐你去悉尼大学深造，现在你已经被悉尼大学化学学院录取，请写封信向梁教授表示感谢。 【优秀满分范文】 Dear Professor Liang, I am writing to extend my gratitude to you. Because of your help，now I am a student of Chemistry Department of Sydney University. Last June, when I applied to become a graduate student of Sydney University, you really gave me a lot of valuable help. You not only wrote a recommendation for me to Professor Wells who works in the Sydney University，but also gave me careful and patient instructions on how to fill the application forms and write the application letters. It is your unreserved help that enables me to obtain this splendid opportunity of further education. For the following two years I will study hard to reciprocate （回报）your sincere help and expectations with excellent grades. Yours truly, Li Hua 2. 道歉信 假设你是新华中学的学生李华，你和在上海上学的英国朋友Tom约好下周末去北京旅游，但你因故不能赴约。请根据以下要点用英语给他写一封电子邮件： 1. 表示歉意； 2. 解释原因； 3. 另约时间。 注意：1. 词数120~150；2. 可适当增加细节。
、accident n. 意外事件, 事故 2、achievement n. 成就, 功绩 3、activity n. 活跃, 活动性, 行动, 行为 4、adopt vt. 采用, 收养 5、advantage n. 优势, 有利条件, 利益 6、Afford vt. [常与can, could, be able to 连用]担负得起费用(损失、后果等), 花费得起, 经受得住; 抽得出(时间) 7、ambition n. 野心, 雄心 8、approach n. 接近, 逼近, 走进, 方法, 步骤, 途径, 通路vt. 接近,动手处理vi. 靠近 9、attract vt. 吸引vi. 有吸引力, 引起注意 10、bribe [braib] n. 贿赂vt. 贿赂, 向...行贿 11、chance n. 机会, 可能性, 偶然性, 运气 12、cheat n. 欺骗, 骗子v. 欺骗, 骗取 13、client n. [计]顾客, 客户, 委托人 14、Communication n. 传达, 信息, 交通, 通讯 15、compare v. 比较, 相比, 比喻n.比较 16、compete vi. 比赛, 竞争 17、Concentrate v. 集中, 浓缩 18、Consequently adv. 从而, 因此 19、contribution n. 捐献, 贡献, 投稿 20、Convenient adj. 便利的, 方便的 21、decline vi. 下倾, 下降, 下垂v. 拒绝, 衰落 22、decrease n. 减少, 减少之量v. 减少 23、demand n. 要求, 需求(量), 需要v.要求, 需要, 要求知道, 查询 24、Depict vt. 描述, 描写 25、Duality n. 二元性 26、Economy n. 经济, 节约, 节约措施, 经济实惠, 系统, 机体, 经济制度的状况 27、education n. 教育, 训导, 训练, 培养, 教育学 28、effect n. 结果, 效果, 作用, 影响, (在视听方面给人流下的)印象 29、Efficiency n. 效率, 功效 30、Emphasis n. 强调, 重点 31、enjoy vt. 享受...的乐趣, 欣赏, 喜爱 32、Enrich vt. 使富足, 使肥沃, 装饰, 加料于, 浓缩 33、ensure vt保证, 担保, 使安全, 保证得到v. 确保, 确保, 保证 34、Entertain vt. 娱乐, 招待, 接受, 怀抱vi. 款待 35、Environment n. 环境, 外界 36、Expense n. 费用, 代价, 损失, 开支, 费钱之物 37、fee [fi:] n. 费(会费、学费等), 酬金 38、figure n. 外形, 轮廓, 体形, 图形, 画像, 数字, 形状, 身份 39、finance n. 财政, 金融, 财政学vt. 供给...经费, 负担经费vi.筹措资金 40、fulfill vt. 履行, 实现, 完成(计划等) 41、GDP abbr. 国内生产总值(gross domestic product)
考研作文常用的300个主题关键词 如下300个词汇为大家冲刺英语作文总结的主题关键词，希望大家能够记住并且灵活运用在作文中。 一.经济贸易类 1.改革产业结构 reform the structure of industries 2. 亏损企业 loss-making enterprises 3. 搞活企业 enliven enterprises 4. 加快现代化步伐 quicken the modernization drive 5. 跨国公司 transnational corporation / multinational corporation 6. 乡镇企业 township enterprises 7. 国有企业 state-owned enterprises 8. 合资企业 joint ventures 9. 解放生产力 emancipate/ liberate productivity 10.振兴国家经济 invigorate our state economy 11.实行股份制 introduce the shareholding system 12.全面深化改革 deepen reform all round 13.提高经济效益 improve economic results 14.增进效益 increase economic returns 15.宏观经济调控 macro-economic control and management 16. 经济实力 economic strength 17. 经济转轨 economic transformation 18. 经营机制 operative mechanism 19. 整顿经济秩序 rectify economic order 20. 引进竞争机制 introduce a competitive mechanism 21. 建立技术密集型企业 set up technologically-intensive enterprises 22. 招商引资 canvass business and introduce investment 23. 房地产 real estate
2020网课热点英语词句积累 2020疫情影响之下，传统教育方式得到了新的改变。从在教室学习转换为在线学习。 无论是教师还是学生都在这样的教学中力求突破、适应并提升，毕竟无论哪一种形式，目的都只有一个：那就是提高学生成绩。 渐渐适应中的我们不经要问，既然是变革，那是不是代表了网课可以代替面授教学？ 对此，我们从中国日报网截取了对这一观点的所持的态度的英文原版文章，对此翻译（并未采取直译），同时对其中典型的词句做适当积累。 Online classes can't replace classrooms 在线课程不能替代课堂 and moved the classrooms online. 由于新冠病毒的爆发，中国见证了一个全新的学期：很多中国学校已经推迟了开学，并将课堂搬到线上。 ·单词积累· witness v. 见证
outbreak v. 爆发 suspend v. 推迟、暂停 On the first day of school, DingTalk, a virtual workplace developed by Alibaba Group, held online classes for an estimated 50 million students nationwide, from primary to high school level. 开学第一天，阿里巴巴集团开发的虚拟工作平台“钉钉”，为全国范围内的大约5000万名中小学生开设了在线课程。 ·单词积累· virtual adj. 虚拟的；事实上的 estimate v. 估计；判断 nationwide adj. 全国范围的 Education on Feb 12, "postponement of school without suspension of learning" is
满分英语作文中考范文1 Many years ago, I saw an interesting movie. It pictured the future life that people could fly in the sky by cars. Of course, I don't think it will happen in the coming time. The change in cars is about the energy. It is said that the cars will use both electricity and gasoline, which can reduce pollution. I think it is a great change for cars. More and more people have cars now and the gas they release brings heavy pollution to the air, which damages our health. The cars can use electricity in the long trip. When it runs out of it, then gasoline can be a substitute. 满分英语作文中考范文2 Since I go to school, every Monday, the school has the tradition to hold the ceremony of raising flag. At this moment, when I hear the national anthem, a sense of pride will arise in my heart. I am so proud of my country. Nowadays, the world is watching China, because it plays an important role in the world. Every decision that the government has made catches the media's attention. The foreign media try to understand the key of the great development of Chinese economy. There is no doubt that our country has become much stronger, and every Chinese will be very proud of being part of it. I must study hard, so that I can make a contribution to the society. 满分英语作文中考范文3 When I come to middle school, I have make friends with new faces and I learn a lot from them. The most important thing is to be independent. My friends can solve problems by themselves and take care of themselves. In front of these fellows, I start to think of myself. When I meet problems, I will ask for help from my parents immediately. Now I realize that I must learn to be independent. So I want to say something to my parents and have a talk to them. I want to let them know that I have grown up and can do the basic thing by myself. I am learning to be stronger. 满分英语作文中考范文4 When I was very small, I lived in my hometown. My grandparents raised two dogs, and I liked them very much. I watched them grow up from the little animals to the big dogs. Every time when I leaved home for school, they would follow me for
the right ·. From the two pictures we can sense a crazy tendency of ·. Aside from ·, another telling example is ·, which was so successful in ·that· . The pictures also make it obvious that we should· . Admittedly, it is natural that ·. Nevertheless, it is the responsibility of our government and society to ·. In my opinion, what’s the more important is to ·. In short,· . 社会热点类模板2：It goes without saying that this picture aims at revealing a current problem:· . In this drawing,· . Even ·. It seems to me that the artist is sending a message about the importance of ·. Though the drawing is a little exaggerating, it is not rare for us to find in ·. If we let this situation of ·continues, it not only harms ·, but
英语作文热点话题预测: 垃圾分类相关词汇及满分范文 垃圾分类是今年非常火热的话题，如果英语作文出题为垃圾分类我们该怎样写呢?大家的词汇量的积累是不是够呢？英语类的作文其实也是需要我们从日常生活积累的，所谓万丈高楼平地起，我们生活里面每一次的付出和费心都对我们产生了非常重要的作用。今天我们为大家整理了关于垃圾分类的英语作文及相关词汇。 我们先来看看各媒体对“垃圾分类”的相关报道： “垃圾分类”可以翻译为：garbage/trash sorting garbage/trash separation 那么，各种垃圾分类用英语又该如何表达呢？ 【相关词汇】厨余垃圾：kitchen waste 可回收垃圾：recyclable waste 干垃圾：residual waste 有害垃圾：harmful waste/hazardous waste 湿垃圾：household waste 【拓展词汇】垃圾：trash/rubbish/garbage/waste 各种大量的垃圾：an avalanche of various garbage 垃圾分类：garbage classification/sorting; waste separation 乱扔(垃圾)：litter 生活垃圾：domestic garbage 可回收垃圾：recyclable waste 回收箱：recycle bin
有害垃圾：harmful waste 厨余垃圾：kitchen waste 固体废物：solid waste 未经处理的废弃物：untreated waste 废物污染：waste pollution 无废城市：no-waste cities/waste-free cities 例文 例文一：Society produces a lot of rubbish, such as lef tover food, waste paper, plastic bottles and batteries every day. It has become a big headache in every city. How to solve this problem? I think rubbish classification is a good way of dealing with it.社会上每天都会产生很多垃圾，比如剩余的食物、废纸、塑料瓶和电池。这已经成为每个城市的一大头痛。如何解决这个问题？我认为垃圾分类是处理垃圾的好方法。 Firstly, rubbish classification can reduce the amount of rubbish and the rubbish pollution to the environment. What’s more, it can recycle resources, which will do good to our environmental protection.首先，垃圾分类可以减少垃圾的数量和对环境的污染。此外，它可以回收资源，这对我们的环境保护有好处。 Since rubbish classification has so many advantages, our government should take effective measures and immediate actions. Different dustbins should be placed in public places so that citizens can leave their sorted rubbish in them.由于垃圾分类有很多优点，我们的政府应该采取有效措施并且立即行动。在公共场所应该放置不同的垃圾箱，这样市民可以把垃圾扔进相应的垃圾箱中。 例文二：As is encouraged to protect the environment,rubbish classification is very necessary.It can save the money and the time for a country to deal with rubbish and it also can enhance the quality of people.Concerning the benefits of rubbish classification,China has done something really wisely.Now we can see all kinds of rubbish bin in the street,in the park,in the community and so on.And rubbish classification is now deeply rooted in people's mind.I'm really appreciate that. 为了保护环境，垃圾分类是非常必要的。它可以节省一个国家处理垃圾的费用和时间，也可以提高人们的素质。关于垃圾分类，中国做得非常明智。现在我们可以在街上、公园里、社区里看到各种各样的垃圾箱。垃圾分类现在已经深深扎根于人们的脑海中。我真的很感激大家能这样做。 例文三：The huge amout of garbage and complex diversity of the contained ingredients in the garbage not only bring serious environmental pollution problems, but also bring a wide range of social problems as well as the waste of resources. 垃圾数量庞大，其中所含成分复杂多样，不仅带来严重的环境污染问题，而且带来广泛的社会问题和资源浪费。 How to classify garbage and make the garbage achieve harmless, reduction, resource and socialization has become the common goal all over the world. 如何对垃圾进行分类，使其达到无害化、减量化、资源化、社会化，已成为世界各国共同的目标。 例文四：【书面表达】假如你是李华，通过新闻得知你居住的城市计划实行垃圾分类制度。请用英语写ー封信給校英语报社投稿，呼呼大家配合，内容如下: 1.垃圾分类的好处; 2.我应该怎么做。 注意：1.词数100左右; 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇:宣传单leaflet垃圾填埋场landfill 干/湿/有害/可回收垃圾residual / household food/ hazardous/recycle waste 【话题点评】本话属于《考试大解纲》ニ+四个话题中的“热点话题”和”世界与环境”。垃分类有利于像护环境、保障人民身体健康、减少土地使用以及发展城市建投。作为热点话题，垃分类很可能處为未高考书面表达的考查方向，因此考生在平时需要多关注热点，注意积累素，以免写作时无话可说。【参考范文】
今天是母亲节。假定你是李华，请给你的美国笔友John 写一封电子邮件，谈谈你将如何与母亲一起度过这个特别的日子。要点如下： 1. 表述你与母亲间的情感； 2. 为母亲制作一张卡片； 3. 帮助母亲做点事； 4. 陪母亲散步等。注意：1.词数80 左右； 2. 请不要逐句翻译，可适当发挥； 3. 邮件的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。 【优秀满分范文】 Dear John, It 's Mother 's Day today. It ' s a special day, isn ' t it? I think we should do something to show our love to our mothers on this special day. My mother and I are good friends. Whenever I meet with difficulties, she is always there, ready to help me. 1. Today I will make a beautiful card for her, with my thanks and best wishes on it. 2. Then I will help her wash the car this afternoon and cook her favourite food in the evening. 3. Besides, I ' ll take a walk with her after dinner and then play chess with her, for she likes it very much. I 'm sure she ' ll be very happy. What' s your plan for Mother ' s Day? I ' m looking forward to hearing from you. Yours, Li Hua
2018考研英语作文图表描述常用词汇 的更新! 2018考研英语作文图表描述常用词汇 基本要素 类型： table, chart, diagram/graph, column chart, pie graph 描述： show, describe, illustrate, reveal, represent, can be seen from, clear, apparent 内容： figure, statistic, number, percentage, proportion 表示数据变化的单词或者词组–动词 (1) 起伏、波动 rise and fall, fluctuate, wave, undulate, rebound, recover (2) 高、低点值 peak, reach a (high) peak/point，reach the bottom, reach a low point (3) 增加、上升、提高 increase, grow, rise, climb, expand, ascend, skyrocket, soar
(4) 减少、下降 decrease, decline, fall, drop, descend, diminish, slide, shrink, collapse 形容词或副词 (1)变化巨大 迅速的，飞快的，rapid/rapidly 戏剧性的，生动的dramatic/dramatically 有意义的，重大的significant/significantly 锐利的，明显的sharp/sharply 急剧升降的steep/steeply (2)变化平缓 稳固的，坚定不移的steady/steadily 渐进的，逐渐的gradual/gradually 缓慢的，不活跃的slow/slowly 轻微的、略微地slight/slightly 稳定的stable/stably
考研英语写作词汇整理 目前距离21考研还有170多天了，单词记得咋样了？考研单词分为阅读词汇跟写作词汇，阅读词汇在文章中看到能知道意思就好，写作词汇就要求我们要记住拼写，会运用，所以写作词汇除了记住之外，还需要自己默写，还会造句~这就需要我们平时在做阅读的时候收集好词好句，为后期写作文做准备，可能有的同学说我背模板，背模版是没错，如果在背模版的基础上加上自己的同学，改成适合自己的东西，那么你的作文肯定更能拿高分。 好了，说了这么多，就是希望你在复习的时候多积累一点写作词汇~ 下面是雷哥考研整理的一部分写作词汇。看看你认识多少个~ 1. previous [?pri?vi?s] adj. 先前的; 以往的; (时间上)稍前的 【写作例句】 There are no previous statistics for comparison. 没有先前的统计数据可供比较。 2. appreciate [??pri??ie?t] v. 欣赏; 赏识; 重视; 感激; 感谢; 欢迎; 理解; 意识到; 领会 【写作例句】 Your earliest reply will be highly appreciated. 如能早日回复，我们将不胜感激。 3. confidence [?kɑ?nf?d?ns] n. 信心; 信任; 信赖; 自信心; 秘密 【写作例句】 I have total confidence that things will change. 事情会有所改变的，我对此信心十足。 4. participate [pɑ?r?t?s?pe?t] v. 参加; 参与 【写作例句】 I would like to convey my gratitude to you for your kindness to receive me when I participated in the exchange program in USA. 我想感谢您在我参加美国交流项目时对我的热情接待。 5. region [?ri?d??n] n. (通常界限不明的)地区, 区域, 地方; 行政区; (一国除首都以外的)全部地区, 所有区域【写作例句】 This region is becoming increasingly important both strategically and economically. 这个地区的战略地位和经济地位变得越来越重要了。 6. facility [f?'s?l?ti] n. 设施; 设备; (机器等的)特别装置; (服务等的)特色; (供特定用途的)场所 【写作例句】 The hotel has special facilities for welcoming disabled people. 酒店有专门的设施来接待残疾人。
英语作文20个热点话题+满分范文 热点预测1：健康生活 1.网瘾 中国社会近些年一直提倡健康生活方式，但网瘾普遍存在于青少年之中，对其学习和生活都造成了很大不良影响！ 题目要求： 假设你是李华，你在美国夏令营认识的朋友Mike给你来信说他最近沉迷于电脑难以控制。请你给他回一封信，告诉他网瘾可能会导致成绩下降、健康状况恶化、损害家庭关系等问题，并提出一些建议。 参考词汇：沉溺于be/become addicted to 网瘾：Internet addiction 优秀范文： Dear Jack, I am glad to hear from you. As your close friend, I’d like to talk about the harm of Internet addiction to you as I feel worried to know that you have wasted lots of valuable time playing the Internet games.
As we know, the Internet is a convenient tool to improve our knowledge and skills. However, our life will be greatly affected if we are addicted to it. For example your grades may go down and your health will be going from bad to worse. To make things worse, it can also damage the relationship with your family. So I think it is high time that you got rid of the bad habit. It is a good idea for you to read some meaningful books and do some physical exercise. I am looking forward to hearing your good news soon． Yours, Li Hua 2.健康生活——拒为低头族 伴随着互联网日益深入人们的生活，低头一族诞生并不断增加，公交车、地铁等公共场合到处都是低头看手机者的身影，手机已经成为低头族身体的一部分。同时，这种生活方式对人们的身体健康造成极大的不良影响，应当引起相当重视。 题目要求： 现在越来越多的人成为低头族（People who can’t help checking their phones all day are known as phubbers. Phubbing trends to involve not only the young people, but also the elderly.)，如何引
中考英语作文 写人叙事类 常用句型 开头句 1、The person who has influenced me most is...对我影响最大的人是····· 2、A true friend is a person who can let you feel warm when you are depressed. 一个真正的朋友是会在你失落沮丧的时候给你温暖的人。 3、I have never expressed my thanks and respect to... 我从未对······表达过我的谢意和敬意。 4、For a long time,there was one thing that I would never forget. 很久以来，一直有一件事情令我难以忘怀。 5、The experience left a deep impression on me. 这次体验给我留下了深刻的印象。 中间句 1、She has watery eyes and a lovely baby face. 她有着水汪汪的眼睛和可爱的娃娃脸。 2、He is of medium build but has a powerful body. 他虽然是中等身材，但有着强健的体魄。 3、He is a boy full of integrity and honesty. 他是一个充满正直诚实品质的男孩。 4、I am a positive person and never lose heart. 我是一个积极乐观，从不轻易放弃的人。 5、As long as he makes a promise,he will never break it. 只要他做出了承诺，就决不食言。 6、She always does a favor to someone who is in trouble. 她经常帮助那些有困难的人。 7、In my opinion,friends are the persons whom we can share happiness and sorrow with. 在我看来，朋友是我们可以分享快乐和悲伤的人。 8、When I think of this matter,I feel very lucky. 当我想到这个问题时，我觉得非常幸运。 结尾句 1、Thank you for everything you have done for me. 感谢您为我所做的一切。 2、I am proud of her,and I love my mother very much. 我以她为豪，而且我非常爱我的母亲。 3、It will be one of my unforgettable experiences in my life.
2021考研英语写作高频词汇汇总 （2021最新版） 作者：______ 编写日期：2021年__月__日 写作高分词——名词 1.对抗,争论：encounter, confrontation, argument, controversy 2.方法：way, approach, strategy, method 3.观点：idea, belief, view, opinion, viewpoint,
perspective affect, influence, have/exert influence/effect/impact on 4.会议：conference, discussion, assembly, conclave, congress, convention, gathering session, assignation 5.建议：suggest, recommend, propose, have a proposal in 6.决定：decide, choose, make up one’s mind, make a determination to do 7.缺点：disadvantage, shortcoming, weakness, inconvenience, drawback, deficiency, flaw, handicap, downside, limitation 8.人：people, human being, the folk, the public, individual, citizen, all children and adults, all men and women in all walks 9.任务：assignment, job, work, task 10.事情：thing, matter, affair, business