1._ D. Human resource management _ refers to the practices and policies you need to carry out the
people or personnel aspects of your management job
人力资源管理指的是对组织的人实施的各种操作和政策。
https://www.doczj.com/doc/6891344.html,bor turnover rates provide a valuable means of B. benchmarking the effectiveness of HR
policies and practices and organization.
劳动变更率提供了一个有价值的方法来衡量组织人力资源政策和操作的有效性。
https://www.doczj.com/doc/6891344.html,bor turnover can be costly. __I. Direct cost __ of the recruiting and training replacements should
be considered.
劳动变更的成本很昂贵。招聘和培训替代人员的直接成本必须被考虑在内。
4.Business process re-engineering techniques are deployed as instruments for __H. downsizing __ .
业务流程再造技术可以被使用来作为规模精简的工具。
5.Evaluations also fulfill the purpose of providing __A.feedback__to employees on how the
organization views their performance.
绩效评估还是实现了这样一个目的：它告知员工组织是如何看待他们绩效的
6.The __J. output __ of the job analysis should be a training or learning specification
工作分析的结果可以使培训或学习规范书。.
7.Coaching is a personal _ F. on-the-job __ technique designed to develop individual skills, knowledge,
and attitudes.
教练式指导是一种在职的技术，它被用来开发员工的技能、知识、和态度。
8.Extrinsic _C. rewards __include direct compensation, indirect compensation, and nonfinancial
rewards. 外在报酬包括直接报酬、间接报酬、非财务性报酬
9.Flexible benefits allow employees to pick and choose from among a menu of _E. benefit_ options.
灵活的福利计划允许员工从一个福利菜单中作选择。
10.China’s economic reformers have used material incentives in order to stimulate __ G. performance
__
中国的经济改革家曾经使用物质激励来刺激绩效。
1.For managers, the challenge of fostering intellectual or _ F. human capital _ lies in the fact
that such workers must be managed differently than were those of previous generations.
对于经理们来说，培养知识型员工和人力资本的挑战在于现在的工人和上一代大不相同。
2.In summary, _C. Human Resource Management_ is an integral part of every manager’s
job
总的来说人力资源管理是每个管理者工作中的组成部分。
3.In the area of __J. recruiting__ and hiring, it’s the line manager’s responsibility ot specify
the qualifications employees need to fill specific positions.
在做招聘和甄选时，直线经理有责任给出某个空缺岗位对求职者的要求。
4.HR manager also administers the various __ E. benefit program __ (health and accident
insurance, retirement vacation, and so on)
人力资源经理还管理大量的福利项目。
5.Performance evaluations are used as the basis for __A. reward__ allocations.
绩效评估还用作薪酬发放的基础。
6.Staff managers are authorized to assist and advise line mangers in accomplishing these
basic _H. goals__.
职能经理被授权来协助也建议直线经理来完成这些基础的目标。
7.determining the nature of each employee’s job is _B. job analysis__
我们是通过工作分析来决定每个员工的工作本质的。
https://www.doczj.com/doc/6891344.html,borers shall fulfill their tasks of labor, improve their professional skills, follow rules on
labor safety and sanitation, and observe labor discipline and professional _D. ethics__
劳动者要完成他们的劳动任务，提升他们的专业技能，遵守公司的劳动卫生制度，遵守纪律，以及职业道德。
https://www.doczj.com/doc/6891344.html,bor __I. contracts__are agreements reached between laborers and the employer to
establish labor relationships and specify the right, interests an obligations of each party.
劳动合同是由劳动者和雇主达成的共识，依次来建立劳动关系，指出了每一方的权利、利益、义务
10.In a public employment __ G. agency __, which served workers seeking employment and
employers seeking workers, employment interviewers were appraised by the number of
interviews they conducted.
在一个公共的雇佣代理处，该代理处为工人找工作也为雇主招工人，该代理是根据面试人员实施面试的数量来衡量其绩效的。
main challenges anywhere is the __C. organizational learning _ capacity of the partners within the joint venture.
管理对国际化合资企业管理过程中，Pucik提出，一个最大的挑战就是在组织内合作伙伴的组织学习能力。
2.Rapid promotion through and extensive staff ranking system is seen in one company as a
very important __G. motivational __ mechanism
在一个拥有广泛职位层级的组织内，如果快速地晋升一个员工，这是一种激励机制。
3.Generally money is seen as important for _B. recruiting__ and retaining employees, but
not as a real motivator.
人们常常把钱作为一个重要的吸引和留住员工的因素，但是它并不是一个真正的激励因子。
4.China’s economic reformers have used material incentives in order to stimu late
_ J. productive __
中国的经济改革家曾经使用物质激励来刺激绩效。
5.New labor laws permit companies to set their own __F. wage levels__
新的劳动法允许企业设定自己的工资等级。
https://www.doczj.com/doc/6891344.html,anizations are finding that IHRM activities are best handled by linking them to the
enterprise’s __ E. strategic plan __
组织发现如果把国际化的人力资源管理和组织战略结合起来，这样实施的效果会最好。
7.An extensive review of the literature indicates that the more important factors conductive
to __A. job satisfaction__include mentally challenging work, equitable rewards, supportive working conditions, and supportive colleagues.
对于文献的大量研究表明，能够导致工作满意的因素包括了：在思维上有挑战性的工作，公平的报酬，支持性的工作环境，支持的同事。
8.Employees want __ D. pay systems __ and promotion policies that they perceive as being
just, unambiguous, and in line with their expectations.
员工希望组织的薪酬体系和晋升体系是公正的、不模糊的、和自己的期望所一致的。
9.The early views on the satisfaction-performance relationship can be essentially
summarized in the statement “a happy worker is a __J. productive__worker.”
早期对于员工满意度与绩效关系可以被综合为“一个快乐工人多产的工人”
10.Giving all employees the same benefits assumes all employees have the same
__H. needs__
给所有的员工同样的福利假设所有的员工有同样的需求。
1.The quality of a firm’s __H. recruiting __ process had a big impact on what candidates
thought of the firm
一个企业的招聘质量会对候选人如何看到该企业带来很大影响。
2.Private _E. employment agencies _are important sources of clerical, white-collar, and
managerial personnel.
私人雇佣代理是文秘、白领和管理人员的重要来源。
3.At Xerox, unionized hourly workers over 55 with 15 years of service and those over 50
with 20 years of service an bid on jobs at lower stress and lower __ C. pay levels __ if they desire so
在施乐，工会工人年龄超过55工龄超过15年以及年龄超过50工龄超过20年，可以申请较低压力、较低报酬的工作。
4、People also leave organizations voluntarily to further their __A. careers__, get more
money or move away from the district
人们主动离开组织为了拓宽职业生涯，获得更多的钱，或搬到其他地方。
5、Outplacement is about helping redundant employees to find __F. alternative__ work
再就业服务是帮助冗余的员工找到其他的工作。
6、Three type of third-party interventions are used to overcome and impasse: mediation,
fact-finding, and __B. arbitration __.
有三种第三方干涉的方式来解决僵局：调解、事实寻求、仲裁。
7、Approximately half of the German youth between the ages of 15-18 are enrolled in
programs.
大约有一半年龄在15-18岁的德国年轻人注册接受实习计划。 D. apprenticeship 8、Terms of employment tend to be very technical and are governed by a _I. contract_ that
spells out exactly what each side will do for the other.
雇佣关系被合同所规范，合同清楚地说明了到底双方要为对方做什么事。
9、Salary and __G. benefit package __ tend to be secret, so no one knows what anyone elso is
receiving.
报酬和福利包是保密的，所以没人知道别人得到了什么。
10、Every year the company selects dozens of junior managers and young employees to attend universities in order to undertake __J. training__ programs, even degree courses.
每年公司从底层管理者或年轻的员工中选取一些人参与到高校接受培训甚至修得学位。
1.Developing a high-trust organization means creating trust between __D__ and employees.
打造有高度信任度组织意味着在管理层和员工之间建立信任度。
2.retaining knowledge workers is matter of providing a supportive workplace environment and
motivating them through both tangible and intangible __H__.
保留住知识性员工要为他们提供支持性的工作环境，以及通过有形或无形的报酬来激励他们。
3.Increased __F _ diversity will place tremendous demands on the HR management function.
越来越多的劳动力的多元化给人例资源管理带来了更大的要求。
4.Writing __D__ and job specification based on input from department supervisor is the responsibility of
HR department.
根据部门经理给出的信息来撰写工作描述和工作规范是人力资源部的责任。
5.Supervisors should make sure employees are guaranteed fair treatment as it relates to __G__ dismissal
and job security
主管因该确保员工被给与了公正的对待因为这个与纪律、解雇、工作安全有关。
6.It is important to evaluate __J__ in order to assess its effectiveness in producing the learning outcomes
对于培训的评估很重要，因为组织必须评价培训的有效性一次来获得学习效果。
7.Job rotation can be an inefficient and frustrating method of acquiring additional knowledge and __A__
unless it is carefully planned and controlled.
工作轮换可能成为一种无效的、令人困惑的让员工获得额外知识的方法，除非组织好好计划与控制
8.In __E__ the participants act out a situation by assuming the roles of the characters involved.
在角色扮演中，参与者扮演了一个场景，场景中会假设很多角色。
9.The basis philosophy of managerial grid training is that the __I__ of the individual manager is to
achieve production through people.
管理网格培训法的基本原理是个体经理的任务是通过员工来达成产量。
10.Interactive skills training is defined by Rackham as:＂Any form of training which aims to increase the
effectiveness of an individual’s __C__ with others.”
Rackham把沟通技能定义为“任何能增加员工沟通有效性的培训。”
1.International human resource management includes __H__ qualified personnel for overseas
assignments
国际化人力资源管理包括了为跨国任务招聘合格的人员
2.Rapid __A__ through an extensive staff ranking system is seen in one company as a very important
motivational mechanism.
快速晋升通过广泛的员工的排名系统是一个公司作为一种重要的激励机制。
3.__D__ refers to the tendency of firms to extend their sales or manufacturing to new markets abroad
全球化指的是企业把生产或市场扩展到海外市场的趋势。
4.Developing a high-trust organization means creating trust between __C__ and employees
发展高信任的组织意味着创造管理层和员工之间的信任
5._ F__ determines the human resources required by the organization to achieve its strategic goals.
人力资源规划决定了组织为了达到战略目标所需要的人力资源
6.The __B__provides information on the nature and functions of the job
工作分析提供了工作本质和职能的信息
7.The halo effect or error is the tendency for an evaluator to let the __J__ of an individual on one trait
influence his or her evaluation of that person on other traits.
晕轮效应指得是评估者过多关注被评估这某一方面特征从而影响到对其他方面特征的评估
8.Training is concerned with fitting people to take one extra responsibilities, increasing all-round __G__
培训指的是把员工调整到能承担额外的责任，同时增加全方位的能力。
9. A training or a learning specification breaks down the broad duties contained in the __E__ into the
detailed tasks that must be carried out.
培训和学习规范书细化了包含在工作说明书中的必需完成的（措词比较简单）的任务。
10.In case of labor disputes between the employer and laborer, the parties concerned can apply for __I__
or arbitration, bring the case to courts, or settle them through consultation.
在雇主和劳动者的劳动争议中，涉及到的双方可以申请调解，仲裁，或到法庭上打官司，或者通过咨询来解决。
data for use in supply _G__
对于离开组织人数的的分析提供了供给预测的数据。
2.demand forecasting is the process of estimating the future numbers of people required and the likely
___J___ and competences they will need
需求预测估计了组织未来需要人员的数量以及相关的能力
3.The __C__ are the external local, regional, national and international markets from which different
sorts of people can be recruited
外部劳动力市场是企业外部当地的、区域性的、国家性的、国际性的劳动力市场，从这些市场里组织能雇佣到各种不同类型的人。
4.From tapping the global labor force to formulating selection, training, and compensation policies for
_H__ employees managing globalization will thus be a major HR challenge in the next few years
为全球化的劳动力制定甄选、培训和薪酬政策将成为近年来人力资源管理的主要挑战。
5.The pressure for improved performance to meet more intense global _A__ explains why many
organizations are seeing higher standards for employees
为了应对更剧烈的全球化竞争而对更高绩效的要求，由此产生的压力解释了为何组织正在寻求更高标准的员工。
6.People also leave organizations voluntarily to further their__D__, get more money or move away from
the district
人们还自愿离开组织，以促进他们的职业生涯，获得更多的钱或远离区
https://www.doczj.com/doc/6891344.html,anizational release activities dela with redundancy, __E____, dismissal, voluntary turnover and
retirement.
组织人员离开活动处理的是冗余、解雇、自愿离职以及退休。
8.Once a labor dispute occurs, the party that has objections to the ruling of the labor committee can bring
the case to a peoples court B
一旦发生劳动争议，对于劳动委员的裁定有争议的一方，可以要求由法庭来处理。
9. A training or a learning specification breaks down the broad duties contained in the _F__ into the
detailed tasks that must be carried out
培训或学习规范分解的广泛职责包含在职位描述中的详细任务
10.The _I__ is the tendency for an evaluator to let the assessment of an individual on one trait influence
his or her evaluation of that person on other traits.
晕轮效应是评估以让一个人的评价上的一个特征影响他或她对其他性状的人的评价。
The __C__ provides information on the nature and functions of the job
提供了工作的性质和功能的信息
2.HR is focusing on the acquisition and development of the __E__ required by the organization
人力资源关注于获得和开发组织所需要的人力资本
3.The downsizing plan should be based on the timing of reductions and of __I__ the extent to which
these can be achieved by natural wastage or voluntary redundancy
组织规模精简可以给予人力资源自然减员
4.
5.Rapid turnover can result simply from poor _G_ or promotion decisions
过高的人员流失可能来自于不合理的招聘或晋升。
6.
7. A flexibility plan can contain proposals to reduce overtime _J__ through the use of flexible hours
灵活的计划包含了相关的建议，通过使用灵活的时间安排来减少员工的加班成本
8.
9.Job-sharing is an arrangement where by two employees share the work of one full-time position,
dividing pay and __B__ between them according to the time each works
工作分享使得两个员工共享一粉全职工作，同时根据各自工作时间分享薪酬和福利
10.
11.The _F__ plan should include plans for attracting good candidates by ensuring that the organization
will become an ‘ employer of choice’.
招聘计划因该包括通过把组织变成“雇主选择”而吸引优秀候选人的计划
12.
13.Behaviorally anchored rating scales combine major elements from the __D__ and graphic rating scale
approaches
行为锚定评级量表法整合了关键事件发和图示评级量表法的主要元素。
14.360-degree feedback is also referred to as multi-source __A__ or multi-rater feedback
360反馈法还被称为多来源评价或多评估者反馈
15.Coaching is a personal __H__ technique designed to develop individual skills, knowledge, and
attitudes
教练是一个个人在职状态，技术设计开发员工的技能，知识，态度
1.Job instruction techniques should be based on __E__ and learning theory
工作指导技术应该给予技能分析和学习理论。
2.Desire can be created by amplifying the job’s interest factors plus extra such as __C__, career
development, travel, or similar advantages
渴望可以打造通过放大工作的利益因素加上额外的因素，比如，工作满意度、职业发展、旅行、或类似优势
3.Test, application blanks, and __G__should be a proven part of the employer’s selection process
测评、应聘申请表、以及面试都是雇主甄选合适的方法。
4.With __J__ a neutral third party tries to assist the principals in reaching agreement
在调解中，一个中立的第三方尽量协助当事人达成共识。
https://www.doczj.com/doc/6891344.html,anizational rewards should be linked to each individual employee’s __B__
组织报酬应该和员工绩效联系起来。
6.The flexible benefit can turn the traditional homogeneous __F__ into a motivator
灵活的福利计划能把传统的均一的福利体系变成一种激励因素。
7.Piece-rate, wage incentive plans, __A__, and lump-sum bonuses are all forms of performance-based
compensation
计件制、工资激励计划、利润分享、总奖金这些都是以绩效为基础的薪酬方式。
8.Evaluation is the comparison of objectives with __H__ to answer the question of how far the training
has achieved its purpose
评估就是把目标和结果进行比较一次来回答培训多大程度上达成了目标。
9.Case study is an _D_ training technique
案例研究是一种非在职培训技术。
10.Coaching should provide motivation, structure, and effective__I__, if the coacher is skilled, dedicated,
and able to develop mutual confidence.
教练式知道能够提供激励性的、结构化的有效的反馈，如果教练有技能、专注、能打造相互信心。
1.The appraisal and compensation system is long-term in __C__ and is based on rewarding people for
doing a good job over an extended period of time.
绩效体系和薪酬体系在大方向上是长期的，应该根据员工在很长时间内表现良好来发放报酬。
2.The organization will provide employees with indirect compensations insurance, pay for holidays and
vacations services, and __G__
组织会提供给员工间接报酬，保险、带薪节假日以及津贴。
3.Individuals should perceive a strong relationship between their __I__ and the rewards they receive if
motivation is to be maximized
如果激励达到最大化，员工就能强烈感知到自己的表现和报酬的关系。
4.Flexible benefits allow employees to pick and choose from among a menu of __D__ options弹性福利
允许员工选择从菜单选择。
5.Satisfied and committed employees have lower rates of turnover and _B_
对工作满意的、承诺的员工，他们的劳动变更更小，矿工更少。
6.Business process re-engineering techniques are deployed as instruments for __F__
业务流程再造技术的部署工具作为瘦身工具。
7. A forecast is needed of the amount by which the _A___has to be reduced and the likely losses through
employee turnover
预测需要知道哪些劳动力要减少。
8.360-degree feedbacks recognize the complexity of management and the value of from various sources
H
360度反馈法能从多个来源认识到管理的价值和复杂性
9.360-degree feedback is most likely to be successful when items covered in the __E__ can be related to
actual events experienced by the individual
当问卷中的问题覆盖到了员工实实在在的工作内容时，360反馈更容易成功。
10.When pay is seen as fair based on job demands, individual skill level, and community pay standards,
__J__ is likely to result
当报酬是基于岗位要求、个人技能或区域薪酬水平的，员工会产生出满意。
高考完形填空419个高频词 1. occasion 场合 2. situation 情况，处境 3. take over 接管 4. exchange 交换 5. command 命令 6. confirm 证实 7. cultivate 培养 8. prosperously 繁荣的 9. suspect 怀疑 10. relatively 相对的，比较的 11. acknowledge 承认，鸣 12. ambition 抱负，野心 13. quality 质量，品质 14. protection 保护 15. equally 平等地 16. promise 承诺 17. clearly 清楚地 18. grateful 感激的 19. remove 移开 20. force 强迫21. apologize 道歉 22. terrible 可怕的，糟糕的 23. stubborn 固执的 24. actively 积极地，主动地 25. spiritual 精神的，心灵的 26. magical 魔力的 27. willingly 愿意地 28. strengthen 加强 29. image 形象 30. complexity 复杂 31. cautious 小心的 32. manage 管理，成功做成 33. prejudice 偏见 34. economic 经济的，合算的 35. academic 学术的 36. control 控制 37. adopt 收养，采取 38. consume 消费，消耗 39. unique 独一无二的 40. beneficial 有益的 41. varied 多变的，各种各样的
高中英语选词填空内部编号：（YUUT-TBBY-MMUT-URRUY-UOOY-DBUYI-0128）
https://www.doczj.com/doc/6891344.html,pletethefollowingpassagewiththewordsorphrasesinthebox.Ea chcanonlybeusedonce（将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填一词，每个单词或词组只能填一次）（共8分） 1 Preparation is the key to success at career fairs as many employers interview on the spot. If you can follow the following ____1____ , you will have more chances of success. Make sure your CV(履历表) is “hard copy ready”. Many CVs are created for email use and don’t always transfer well to paper. Also, ensure your CV is ____2____ for general distribution and not job specific. Ask a career adviser to help prepare and ____3____ your CV. They will advise on content and presentation. The longest queue at any career fair is for the photocopier. ____4____ yourself with plenty of copies of your CV before you go.
初中英语热点话题选词填空专项练习 Keys: 1.number 2.first 3.by 4.said 5.had reached 6.to surf 7.most popular 8.development 9.their 10.products
轨道运行), land on and explore Mars on the 9_____ in one mission. The Long March-5 (长征5号) rocket will send the probe to Mars. It will take about seven months 10______ the planet. Keys: 1.with https://www.doczj.com/doc/6891344.html, 3.showed 4.finding 5.first 6.Besides 7.be named 8.space 9.ground 10.to reach C other from out many who compare city complete she plan We all want to have a good relax over the weekend. What if it was longer? On April 11, the government of Nanjing worked 1_____ a plan to boost the local economy, The Paper reported. It suggested an extra (额外的) half-day off every Friday afternoon so that citizens can spend 2_____ time shopping and traveling. Nanjing is not alone. Some 3______ in Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Hubei and Gansu provinces have all recommended (建议) a 2.5-day weekend. This move came after an economic downturn (低迷) caused by the outbreak of the novel coronavirus. China almost 4_______ shut down since late January. According to the China Tourism Academy, domestic (国内的) tourist arrivals this year are estimated (估计) to drop by 932 million 5_______ to 2019. The 2.5-day weekend quickly became a hot topic on social media. Many netizens said they are expecting it to be carried out across the country. A woman surnamed Zhu, 6_____ works in the financial industry (金融业) in Nanjing, told Xinhua that she would prefer to travel if her company gives 7_____ a 2.5-day weekend. She could leave on Friday afternoon and stay in a hotel for one extra night, making her trips easier 8______. But 9______ are doubtful (怀疑的) about putting the policy into practice (落实). Some said they would have little chance to benefit 10______ it. They would need to work overtime to make up for the lost time at work. Some said the longer weekend might put pressure on companies and workers may face pay cuts. Keys: 1.out 2.more 3.cities https://www.doczj.com/doc/6891344.html,pletely https://www.doczj.com/doc/6891344.html,pared 6.who 7.her 8.to plan 9.others 10.from
高考英语完形填空常用词汇 历年高考英语完形填空常用词汇包括动词类、名词类、形容词类 动词类 1“看” look看的动作/ see看的结果; watch观察/observe为了研究进行的观察; Notice注意catch sight of看见/ stare好奇地看/ glare瞪着看Glance瞅见/glimpse瞥见see a film watch TV 2“说” telll sth to sb.=tell sb sth告诉的内容talk with sb about sth强调说话者之间的交流Say sth诉说的内容speak in English说的语言whisper sth to sb 耳语Inform sb of sth 通知某人某事reason /talk/persuade sb into doing sth 说服某人做某事Bargain讨价还价chat聊天repeat重复explain解释warn警告remind提醒Discuss 讨论debate辩论figure 指出declare宣布claim自称mention 提起admit 承认deny 否绝describe描述announce 公布introduce 介绍complain抱怨 3“叫” cry哭叫call叫shout大喊scream尖叫moan呻吟sigh叹气quarrel大吵 4“问” ask 询问interview 采访express表达question审问 5“答” answer回答respond回应(用其他方式回应) reply回复 6 “听” listen to听的动作hear听的结果pick up收听overhear无意听到 7“写” dictate听写write sth 写describe描写drop a line 写信draw画take down/write down写下，记下 8“拿/放” take拿走bring拿来hold举着carry扛，挑(无方向性) fetch拿来拿去lift举Put放lay 铺/放置pull拉/push推 9“抓” take hold of 抓着seize紧抓grasp 握住scratch 抠 10“打” hit一次性的打击beat不间断的打击strike突然的击打/突然想到blow吹刮attack攻击
Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. accurate B. alteration C. average D. calculates E. conceal F. enormously G. initial H. intervals I. merely J. multiply K. prediction Beyond two or three days, the world’s best weather forecasts are based on guesswork, and beyond six or seven they are worthless. The Butterfly Effect is the reason. For small pieces of weather — and to a global forecaster, small can mean thunderstorms and snowstorms—any ___41___ fails rapidly. Errors and uncertainties ___42___, gathering upward through a chain of unstable features, from dust devils (尘旋风) and windstorms up to continent-size eddies (旋风) ___43___ satellites can see. The modern weather models work with a network of points of the order of sixty miles apart, and even so, some ___44___ data has to be guessed, since ground stations and satellites cannot see everywhere. But suppose the earth could be covered with sensors spaced one foot apart, rising at one-foot ___45___ all the way to the top of the atmosphere. Suppose every sensor gives perfectly ___46___ readings of temperature, meteorologist (气象工作者) would want. pressure, dampness, and any other quantity a Exactly at noon a(n) ___47___ powerful computer takes all the data and ___48___ what will happen at each point at 12.01, then 12.02, then 12.03 … The computer will still be unable to predict whether Princeton, New Jersey, will have sun or rain on a day one month away. At noon the spaces between the sensors will ___49___ alterations that the computer will not know about, tiny variations from the ___50___. By 12.01, those alterations will already have created small errors one foot away. Soon the errors will have multiplied to the ten-foot scale, and so on up to the size of the globe.
Good communication is the key to success when learning online. You should take the opportunity to get to know your teacher and classmates through email and by participating in Internet discussions. It?s true that learning the technology needed to take part in a class you may need to ask how to your assignment on the Web. But , don? t worry ! If you have a problem ,ask for help. There?s no such thing as a stupid question , so answers freely is what makes the Internet such a great medium for learning. Online classroom teacher Mike Roberts was asked about what he “As a teacher , I need the students to ask questions so that I know what areas of my lessons ?s what is great about teaching and learning over the Internet. In an ordinary classroom , time is limited , so students classroom , students are always asking questions. They really seem to feel asking me for the information that they need. They also share a lot of valuable ideas with each other in a way that you don?t usually see in a regular classroom.”
高考英语完形填空阅读常考词汇整理 abandon v.抛弃，舍弃，放弃 aboard 上（船，飞机，火车，汽车等） abroad ad. 到（在）国外 absence n. 不在，缺席absent a abrupt a. 突然的，abruptly absolutely adv. 完全地， academic a. / n. 学术的，教学的 access to n. / v. 通道，入径， accessible a. 可到达的，可接受的， accommodation n.住宿，膳宿 accompany v. 陪同，陪伴， accomplish v. 完成 acknowledge v. 承认 actually adv. 实际上 admirable a.值得赞赏的,可钦佩的 admire v. 钦佩；羡慕 admit vt. 承认，准许admission n. 准入, 接纳 afford vt. 买得起；抽得出（时间）； agreement n. 同意，一致；协定，协议 aid n. 援助；救护；assistant alive a. 活着的，存在的 ambulance n. 救护车 amuse. vt使快乐amusement n.娱乐 annoy vt. 使…不高兴please 使‥高兴 annual a.每年的anniversary.周年纪念日 anxiety n. 担忧anxious a. 忧虑的， apartment n 一套房间；房间apologize vi. 道歉，谢罪apology n. appearance n. 出现，露面；容貌 applaud v. / n. applause 鼓掌赞赏 appreciate v欣赏感激appreciation n approach n. 方法/ v. 靠近，接近， appropriate a. 合适的，恰当的 approve v.赞成,同意,批准,通过 ashamed a. 惭愧；害臊 assist v. 帮助assistance n. 帮助astonish vt. 使惊讶 attach to v. 把…固定，重视 attend v. 看护，照料，出席，参加 attract v. 吸引，引起 attraction n. 吸引，爱慕 attractive a. 迷人的，有吸引力的 attitude. n.态度 available a. 可获得的，有空的 award. n/v 颁奖 awesome a.令人惊叹,很困难的 awful a. 很坏的，极讨厌的 awkward a.令人尴尬,使人难堪的 as a matter of fact 实际上 above all 首先,尤其是 absent from不在,缺席 as a matter of fact 实际上 as a result(of) 因此,由于（作为结果）above all 首先,尤其是 after all 毕竟,究竟 all of a sudden 突然 apart from 除...外(有/无) aware of意识到 B barrier n. 屏障，障碍，关卡 bear v. 承受，忍受；容忍n. 熊
2017上海高考英语选词填空专项练习
Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. Beyond two or three days, the world’s best weather forecasts are based on guesswork, and beyond six or seven they are worthless. The Butterfly Effect is the reason. For small pieces of weather — and to a global forecaster, small can mean thunderstorms and snowstorms—any ___41___ fails rapidly. Errors and uncertainties ___42___, gathering upward through a chain of unstable features, from dust devils (尘旋风) and windstorms up to continent-size eddies (旋风) ___43___ satellites can see. The modern weather models work with a network of points of the order of sixty miles apart, and even so, some ___44___ data has to be guessed, since ground stations and satellites cannot see everywhere. But suppose the earth could be covered with sensors spaced one foot apart, rising at one-foot ___45___ all the way to the top of the atmosphere. Suppose every sensor gives perfectly ___46___ readings of temperature, pressure, dampness, and any other quantity a meteorologist (气象工作者) would want. Exactly at noon a(n) ___47___ powerful computer takes all the data and ___48___ what will happen at each point at 12.01, then 12.02, then 12.03 … The computer will still be unable to predict whether Princeton, New Jersey, will have sun or rain on a day one month away. At noon the spaces between the sensors will ___49___ alterations that the computer will not know about, tiny variations from the ___50___. By 12.01, those alterations will already have
初中英语选词填空解题技巧 根据平时的观察，学生在做英语的“选词填空”时，遭遇较多困难，有的甚至条件反射一样畏惧或厌烦。在此，分享平时积累的解题技巧和训练技巧略，希望能给同学们提供一点帮助。 “选词填空”要求学生利用所给的12个词汇(一般有名词、代词、动词、形容词、副词、数词、冠词、介词和连词等)补全一篇有10个空缺的短文。要攻克这一难关，学生除了要进行大量的课外阅读，积累 1. 词-n.，动词-v. 例如：match-matches, friend-friend's/friends'。 ； (动词不定式- to do, 现在 three-third, 2/3-two thirds, one thousand/thousands of ； ★对于冠词，只需要在a或an之间判别，如a girl /an old man; ★对于介词和连词时，就更简单，只要符合上下文逻辑或固定短语搭配，填入即可。 为了方便记忆，试着记住下面的顺口溜： 空前空后要注意，“名词”单复数要牢记，还有's 不能弃，“动词”注意要变形，“形副”注意要用三种级，要填“数词”请留意，千万别忘“基” 和“序”，填入“代词”需慎重，五格变化要谨记。 4. 以确保答案的正确性。 总结：做题技巧 1．统览全局，把握大意。要填的单词肯定是在一定的语言环境中才能确定。只有了解了短文的大意，把握了全局才能主导方向，从而有助于正确理解空缺词所在的句子，缩小词的选择范围。 2．根据语法，判定词性。一般的空缺都可以通过其所在的句式结构和句法成分来判断其词性。进一步缩小词的选择范围,从而正确地选词。 3．利用语境，确定词形。当确定了一个单词的词性后可通过上下文来帮助判断其形式。如动词的人称数、时态、语态、不定式、动词的-ing形式；名词的数和所有格；代词的各种形式及单复数；形容词、副词的比较级以及基数词、序数词的转换形式等。 4．复读全文，验正答案。填完单词后，不可孤立地逐个检查词，而必须将所有填入的词代入文章中，复读全文，仔细检查所填词是否符合文章的情景内容，读起来是否流畅，是否合乎句法，单词拼写是否有误，单词形式是否正确等。发现问题及时更正。通过再读全文，很可能利用语感将个别特别难的空处顺口“读”出来。 例题：（2010年河南省中招选词填空题节选） 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。请将答写在短文后相应题号的横线上。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。方框中有两个词是多余的。 dirty with have always time they large want speak lesson first drop
2019届高三英语一模汇编——选词填空 1、2019黄浦一模 Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. The Nile The ancient Greek writer Herodotus once described Egypt-with some envy-as‘the gift of the Nile’. The Egyptians depend on the river for food, for water and for life. The Ancient Egyptians were able to control and use the Nile, creating the earliest irrigation systems and developing a prosperous ___31___. Snaking through the deserts, the Nile would flood almost ___32___ each year in June. Once the water subsided, a rich deposit of sand was left behind, making an excellent topsoil. Seeds were sown, yielding wheat, barley, beans, lentils and leeks. Drought could spell disaster for the Egyptians, so during the dry seasons, they dug basins and channels to deliver water to their land. They also devised simple channels to transfer water at the peak of the flood. An early system of ___33___, a Nilometer, was used to determine the size of the floods. Later, during the New Kingdom, a lifting system called a shaduf was used to raise water from the river—___34___ to the way in which a well is used today. The Egyptians took up some of the earliest trading missions. Without a(n) ___35___ system they exchanged goods, bringing back timber, precious stones, pottery, spices and animals. Their efforts in medicine were also ___36___ advanced: surgeons performed operations to remove cysts（囊肿）. Mummification gave them great understanding of the human body—yet they also relied heavily on various medicines to prevent disease, and discoveries were often confused with superstition（迷信）. And while a great deal of time was dedicated to ___37___ , the Egyptians thought the stars were gods. By the 16th century Egypt was under the Ottoman Empire until Britain seized control in 1882. What is now mostly Arabic Egypt only won ___38___ from Britain after World War Ⅱ. The Suez Canal, opened in 1869, ___39___ the country as a center for world transportation. But it, and the completion of the Aswan High Dam in 1971 ___40___ the ecology of the Nile, which now struggles to satisfy the country’s rapidly growing population, currently more than 76 million—the largest in the Arab world. 答案：31-35GJABD36-40CEIHF 难度：中等
一.名词(可数名词或以复数形式出现) cause原因effect结果,影响,效果process过程process过程consequence结局,后果development进展.发展clue线索evidence证据,物证instruction说明,指令,指示connection联系,连接conclusion结论judgement判断(力)proof证据,证明analysis 分析explanation解释,说明comparison比较example例子sample样品point论点,要点focus焦点argument议论,论据,理由solution解决办法,答案description描述fact事实reason理由excuse借口procedure程序,手续step步骤wmethod(way)方法measure措施means方法,手段,工具program(me)节目单,议程,计划日程progress 进步proposal提议,建议suggestion建议proportion比例part组成部分,零件message口信,短信information信息,消息material材料,素材detail细节,详情purpose目的,意图goal目的,目标advantage优势,长处,有利条件disadvantage不利条件equipment设备instrument器材situation形势,局势condition条件,状况,形势view 观点,见解attitude态度destination目的地route路线,航线course过程,经过.课程subject科目,学科direction方向directions用法,指示tips提示,建议number数目figure数字,形状,图形organization组织structure结构,构造function功能principle原理,原则institute团体,机构announcement通知,公告features特征measurement计量state状态,形态shape形态size大小,尺寸,型号height高度weight重量length长度width宽度depth深度amount(quantity)数量quality 质量type,variety，sort,kind类型,种类form形式style风格,款式,式样businessman 商人manager经理nationality民族,国籍sex性别male男性female女性occupation(job)职业,工作profession职业address地址location位置,场所,方位position位置,方位,地位,身份,职位staff职员scene场面,现场spot场所,地点climate气候surroundings周围环境scenery风景,景色landscape风景,地貌interests兴趣hobbies业余爱好preference偏爱(物),喜好sense感觉,感受,意识feeling感觉,感情affection情感,爱情emotion情绪,情感passion激情,热情expectation期待,希望intention意图,打算action动作,行动behaviour举止,行为,习惯nature自然,天性,本性,性质character性格characteristic特征memories回忆,往事degree度数,程度,等级学位grade年级,成绩,评语mark分数,成绩content内容,目录items项目,条目experience经历,经验times(ages)时代,时期period(一段)时期,时间partner合作者,伙伴relative亲戚,亲属courage勇气,胆量ressure压力discouragement灰心,气馁discovery发现,被发现之事supplies供应(品)offers提供,出价income收入expense开支,开销,花费export(s)出口(商品)import(s)进口(商品)rate税率,费率tax税price价格cost(s)代价,价格,成本profit利润loss亏损product产品,产量production生产,产品consumption消费consumer消费者customer顾客complainant投诉者demand要求wwcomplaints投诉conflict冲突，矛盾settlement解决treatment处理，治疗events重大事件influence影响(力)significance意义achievement成就difference差异similarity相似,相同agreement 意义一致disagreement分歧usage用法caution注意(事项)demand要求reply回答,回复ability能力possibility可能性attempt尝试experiment试验average平均数total 总计,总数speed速度frequency频率disaster灾难survivor幸存者rescue营救,救助prevention预防(方案)damages损失,损害deaths死亡(事例)flood洪水,水灾drought旱灾population人口employment就业unemployment失业,失业率,失业人数survey调查data数据,资料strategy策略policy政策applicant申请者,应征者,志
一，上海高考英语考试分值分布 听说部分： 二，语法填空训练 Grammar and Vocabulary Section A, Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Unit 1， Steel, concrete（混凝土）and glass are common materials in any skyscrapers. But more high buildings are now using wood. In the last four years, Australia, Norway, England and Canada (21)______ (build) wooden skyscrapers. The latest one is in Sweden, (22) ______ new, 19-storey wooden hotel called “Sida vid Sida” (side by side). Why are wooden skyscrapers chosen ahead of concrete (23) ______? Wood (24) ______ (use) in many Chinese buildings for thousands of years, but is it strong enough for skyscrapers? “There are a whole bunch of new materials made out of wood (25) ______ are structurally able to build big buildings,” material expert Dr. Michael Ramage told CNN. Architects（建筑师）use woven（编制的）wood to make sure it is. They put layers of wood across one another coated with special glue (26) ______ (create) a very strong material. Wood also lasts a long time and doesn’t rot（腐烂的）(27) ______ it
主题：短文选词填空学习方法中考英语12选10解题方法 内容：如何做12选10的问题 提交人：实验陈韵如时间：7/16/2012 17:5:12 主题：急急急急······ 内容：答：中考英语12选10 (短文选词填空) 如何做十二选十短文填词？ 做河南省中考“用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空”一题。要抓住两点：一是“放远”，二是“看近”。 放远：一篇短文填空题是一个有机的整体。通读全文、明了大意、理清观点、 分清层次是十分重要的一步。依据上下文，语境，眼光放远，从头到尾，按日常认 识事物的规律，填上所选的词，通顺。 技巧： 1. 根据上下文的逻辑关系进行推测：注意上下文的逻辑联系和文章的逻辑关系 是做好短文填空题的关键，它要求考生在了解文章大意的基础上，联系上下文，运 用思维逻辑进行比较、判断，找出既符合短文的词义 2.根据语篇标志进行推测：语篇一般是指比单一句子长的语言单位，如句群、 段落、篇章等。语篇和语篇之间往往有标明其内在联系的词语，这些词语称为“语篇标志”，例如：表示结构层次的firstly, secondly等，表示逻辑关系的therefore, so, but 等，表示话题改变的by the way，for example, and so on, fore instance等。充分利用这些语篇标志可以迅速理清文章的脉络，弄清上下文之间的关系。 3.根据文化背景知识进行推测：短文空题考查的知识面较广，从文化、科学常 识，到历史地理知识；从风俗民情到民族习惯等等，无所不考。考生在做这类题时， 要特别注意中西文化方面所存在的差异。具备了一定的文化背景知识，才能比较准 确地判断出正确的词义。 4.根据常识进行判断：中学生已经掌握了较丰富的科学与生活常识，也具备了 一定的判断能力。在考查语言知识和技能的同时，考查这些简单的常识性的问题， 也是对学生知识面的检测。 看近：形式上有残缺（若干个空），但它的内容、语言习惯，句与句之间的衔 接点，句子与段落之间的联系，段落与段落之间的逻辑顺序仍或隐或现地存在于篇 章之中。依据此句前后，眼光就近。运用基本语言知识（词法和语法）：动副、动宾、介宾、系形、短语动词、短语介词、搭配、结构。 技巧： 1.根据语法知识进行推测：对于考查语法知识的考题，不仅要理解上下文的逻 辑关系，更要有针对性地对语法结构、句式特点进行分析，并根据其语法结构和句 式特点进行合理推测，从而迅速判断出正确的词义。