Building flexible eHealth processes using business rules

科技之光：重塑建筑未来In the age of technological revolution, the impact of technology on the field of architecture is profound and transformative. From the design phase to construction and beyond, technological advancements have revolutionized the way we build, enhancing efficiency, sustainability, and innovation.At the design stage, software like AutoCAD and SketchUp have revolutionized the drafting and visualization process. These tools allow architects to create precise and detailed plans, as well as realistic 3D renderings, enabling clients to visualize their future spaces before a single brick is laid.During construction, technology such as BIM (Building Information Modeling) and prefabrication have streamlined the process. BIM technology allows for greatercollaboration between designers, engineers, and contractors, ensuring accuracy and minimizing errors. Prefabrication, on the other hand, reduces waste and construction time by building components off-site in controlled conditions.Smart materials like self-healing concrete and phase-change materials are revolutionizing the sustainability of buildings. These materials can repair damage, reduce energy consumption, and regulate indoor temperatures, making buildings more environmentally friendly and cost-effective. Additionally, IoT (Internet of Things) technology is making buildings smarter and more responsive to occupant needs. Smart sensors can monitor and regulate lighting, temperature, and security systems, creating a more comfortable and efficient environment.In conclusion, technology is reshaping the face of architecture, making it more efficient, sustainable, and innovative. From design to construction and beyond, the integration of technology is creating buildings that are not just structurally sound but also intelligent and responsive to the needs of the occupants and the environment.**科技之光：重塑建筑未来**在科技革命的时代，科技对建筑领域的影响深远而彻底。

The flexibility to solve today’s tough problems...and get ready for tomorrowAgilentESA-E SeriesSpectrum AnalyzersThe Agilent ESA-E seriesFull measurement accuracy after just a five minute warm-up.Built-in tracking generator provides an RF source for scalar network analysis (optional).External mixing extends frequency range to 325 GHz. (optional)Weather resistant front panel allows operation in rain and high humidity.Built-in help function eliminates the need to carry manuals into the field.Zoom windows provides split screen display with both wide and narrow spans.Large high-resolution,high-contrast color display makes viewing multiple traces easy.Rugged case with rubber encased front and rear frames resists transportation stresses.Flexible hardware/software environment allows focused applications like GSM and cdmaOne.Built-in floppy disk drive provides PC compatibility and data archiving.Speed, accuracy, and dynamic range ...with a flexible platform for the future!2Built-in counter precisely identifies signals using the 1 Hz marker-basedcounter.A platformbuilt for speedAgilent uses the latest digital, RF and microwave designs to deliver the performance typically found in more expensive spectrum analyzers. The ESA-E series portable spectrum analyzers have a remarkableone-millisecond RF sweep timeand virtual real-time measurement updates to the display or through GPIB. Along with narrow digital resolution bandwidth filters (10 Hz to 300 Hz), and fast, time-domain sweeps you’ll spend less time testing and have your product to market faster.Specification summary*Designed for performance measurements and...• Fast test times• Superior resolution• Wide dynamic range• Measurement confidence*Includes optional performance, see ESA-E series technical specifications for complete details, literature number 5968-3386E.3 Frequency range summary*Choose the performance you need, when you need itThe Agilent ESA-E’s flexible platform means you can get exactly what you need today while still protecting your investment into the future. The six-slot option card cage lets you choose only the performance you need now (without paying for unneeded capability) and upgrade in the future.This scalable performance in com-bination with Agilent measurement personalities, downloaded into the internal memory, transform the ESA-E analyzer into an application-focused solution built around your unique needs.Built-in card cageprovides the flexibility to add application-specific performance....the flexibility to tailor that performance to your needs...Designed for upgradeabilityAfter the purchase of your analyzer,most optional performance can be installed and calibrated at an Agilent Service Center or in many cases, installed in your facility.Firmware upgrades, including many performance enhancements, are available free by download from the Agilent Web site.Over 35 options tochoose from...and more in the futureIncluding:•Digital resolution bandwidth filters of 10, 30, 100, 200 EMI, and 300 Hz •Time-gated spectrum analysis •FM demodulation/deviationmeasurements plus tune and listen •TV trigger with color picture on screen•1.5/3.0 GHz built-in tracking generator•30 Hz low frequency extension •Fast time-domain sweeps to 25 ns •Additional user memory to 10 MB •External mixing capability to 325 GHz•RF and digital demodulation/communication hardware •75 Ωinput•Snap on battery pack or 12 Vdc operation•Decreased phase noise at wide offsets for greater ACPR dynamic range•Software to perform remote spectrum analyzer control over the internetFor a complete list of options and accessories with ordering andcompatibility information please see the Agilent ESA/EMC Spectrum Analyzer Configuration Guide (literature #5968-3412E).4We’ll build one just for you.5...then add measurement personalities to create application focused solutions.Combine the ESA-E seriesoptional hardware configurations with downloadable measurement personalities to create application specific solutions.Measurement personalitiesFor a growing number of applications Agilent offers unique softwareprograms (provided on 3.5-in. disks)designed specifically for the ESA-E series. Downloaded into analyzer memory, each measurement person-ality provides measurement setups,routines,and results specific to your application, including a user interface with related terminology.Cable fault locationOptions 225 (measurement personali-ty), 1DN (tracking generator)and B7K (measurement kit) combine to identify distance to cable discontinuities for fault location and troubleshooting ofcable installation and maintenance.•Easy to use one-button measurements•Complex algorithms executed with a button press•Improved accuracy and repeatability•Operator independent results •Decreased training time •Improved productivityPhase noiseOption 226 (measurement personality)provides a log plot of phase noise in dBc/Hz versus offset frequency.Cable TV service and installationOption 227 (measurement personality)provides Cable TV operators fast,accurate and rugged spectrumanalysis for field installation, ingress evaluation and troubleshooting.General purpose measurement personalities6cdmaOneOptions BAC (measurement personality) and B74 (RF and digital demodulation hardware) combine to make the cdmaOne standard tests such as ACPR that are required to verify the perform-ance of cdmaOne transmitters.GSM/GPRSOptions BAH (measurement person-ality) and B74 (digital demodulation hardware) combine to provide all the GSM 450/900, DCS1800, PCS1900 tests required to verify the performance of GSM/GPRS mobile and BTS transmitters.Bluetooth ™Option 304 (measurement personality and digital demodulation hardware)provides one-button standard compliant Bluetooth transmitter measurements.Communication focused measurement personalities7Modulation analysisOption 229 (measurement person-ality) and B74 (RF and digitaldemodulation hardware) combine to allow measurements of EVM and related metrics for all major 2G/3G formats. Constellation and eye diagrams are provided to helpverify modulation quality.PerformancePortability8Ease-of-use9Productivity with speed,accuracy and dynamic rangeUp to 220 times faster than analogNow you don’t have to buy a high-priced spectrum analyzer to get advanced technology. The ESA-E series with its optional digital 10 Hz resolution bandwidth gives you sweep times up to 220 times faster than analog!Optional digital narrow resolution bandwidth filters (10 Hz, 30 Hz, 100 Hz,200 Hz and 300 Hz) provide the resolving power to measure closely spaced signals, plus give a narrow shape factor (≤5:1) for superior resolution. The filters deliver a lower noise floor and increased measurement sensitivity for a larger measurement range.Verify your designs with confidenceReduce project time with spectrum-analysis capabilities that optimize your designs. The ESA-E seriesoffers ±1 dB amplitude accuracy, 0.5%span accuracy,±101 Hz frequency accuracy,and a continuously phase-locked synthesizer for stability and repeatability. Calibrate out the frequency-related amplitude effects with built-in amplitude correction.The automatic background alignment offers continuous calibration toassure measurement confidence.Fewer measurement constraintsWhen a passband contains two or more signals such as CDMA or TDMA modulation, you don’t want dynamic range to limit your measurements.The ESA-E series has sensitivity down to –153 dBm, plus a third-order intercept point of +12.5 dBm (typically +16 dBm) and a second harmonic intercept point of+45 dBm to give you wide distortion free measurement range.Research and development10MeasureOne-button results with measurement personalitiesMeasure your designs easier with Agilent modulation analysis,Bluetooth ™, GSM/GPRS, cdmaOne,and phase noise measurement personalities. Execute complex algorithms with the press of a button by utilizing downloaded measurement personalities incombination with optional hardware.Expert yet easy EMI measurementsThe Agilent E7400A series of EMC analyzers takes advantage of the ESA-E series platform to provide precompliance measurements fordesign analysis.For more information see the Agilent EMC Analyzers and EMI Software brochure , literature number 5968-2516.View only the signals ofinterest with segmented sweep - paste together up to 32 discontinuous spans in to one sweep.CaptureCapture measurement results easily and quickly with IntuiLinkIntuiLink PC software provides easy transfer of ESA measurement trace data and images directly into MS Excel and Word documents for analysis, archiving, presentations, or printing. Transfer data and images over GPIB, RS232, or LAN.Save and restore analyzer states.Utilize automatic measurementtransfers by date and time. IntuiLink is included standard with GPIB and RS232 options.AnalyzeAnalyze measurement resultsAnalyze breadboard results easier with ESA instrument links supported by the Agilent EEsof Advanced Design System.Research and development11Characterize power statistics of nextgeneration digitally-modulated signals with leading test methods. Power Complementary Cumulative Distribution Function (CCDF)curves provide the peak to average data needed by 3G component designers.Six-offsets in ACPR allow convenient measurements on components subject to multi-carrier signals, (e.g. MCPAs).Every millisecond countsReal-time responseWhether you are tuning oscillators manually or performing high-volume, automatic tests on wireless products, the ESA-E series of spectrum analyzers gives a real-time response with up to 45 measurements per second. Eliminate your measurement-speed bottlenecks to help meet your production goals.This family of spectrum analyzers offers improved productivity, witha one-millisecond sweep time andas low as 25 ns in zero span.Use variable sweep points to optimize speed versus frequency resolution. Maximize speed by measuring only the frequencies of interest with segmented sweep.Unparalleled speed for manual or remote operationThe ESA-E series spectrum analyzers offer the following features to help you quickly build and test your products:•One-millisecond RF sweep time •25 ns zero span sweep time (optional)•Up to 45 measurements per second update to the display•Large 13.8-cm color VGA TFT active matrix display with wide viewing angle•Color VGA display output connector•Enhanced circuit tuning with continuous peak search•Instant printing (PCL5 printers)•Limit lines with large, colorfulpass/fail messagesMeasurements per secondESA-E series45 updates/sec. display45 updates/sec. GPIB8566B Turbo24 updates/sec. display 15 updates/sec. GPIB Swept-tuned spectrum analysis speedSetting a new standard for speed!Surpassing the GPIB speed record The ESA-E series surpasses the speed of the record-holding Agilent 8566B high-performance spectrum analyzer for moving data from the analyzerto a computer. Vastly improved sweep time and measurement update rate eliminate the GPIB data-rate bottleneck to help you more easily meet your productivity goals.• 45 measurements per second transferred to a computer•75 ms RF center frequencytuning time• Standard Commands for Programmable Instruments (SCPI) compliant• The Agilent 8590-series/ESA programming conversion guide • VXI plug&play drivers for ease of program development12Reduce test marginsThe excellent measurement accuracy reduces measurement uncertainty to allow for narrower test margins and improved yields. With an overall amplitude accuracy of ±1 dB,and a frequency accuracy of ±101 Hz plus the continuously phase-locked synthesizer, you get the performance you need to have confidence in your tests.Individual calibration certificate included standard with every analyzer.Built-in preamplifier maximizes sensitivityWhen your application calls for measurements of very low-level signals, the optional built-in preamplifier (to 3 GHz)in theESA-E series increases sensitivity.This high-gain, low-noise preamplifier lets you use wider bandwidths for even faster sweep times when searching for low-level signals.For circuit adjustments withreal-time results, the ESA-E series spectrum analyzers offers a one-millisecond sweep time and up to 45 measurement updates per second.13The ESA-E series hasdigital narrow resolution bandwidth filters and internal preamplifiers so you can identify low-level spurs.Leverage your software investmentIn the past decade, many manufactur-ers have installed Agilent 8590-series spectrum analyzers in automated production lines. If you are considering upgrading your automated stations to take advantage of the ESA-E series capabilities, Agilent can help preserve your software investment and minimize your change-over costs. An optional 8590-series programming code compatibility mode is available,which enables ESA-E series analyzers to work with more than 120 commonly used 8590-series programming commands.Calibrated field measurements in just FIVE minutes!The ESA-E series takes only 5 minutes to warm-up so technicians spend little time waiting for instrument stabilization. The automatic, internal background alignment feature gives consistently accurate results over varying temperatures. Measurement results are easily saved, printed or integrated into external tools for analysis and documentation using the standard 3.5 in floppy disk drive. The easy-to-use file manager with a time and date stamp helps to organize storage of measurement data. And, the optional rechargeable battery provides up to 1.9 hours of cordless operation.The tough ESA-E is field-rugged, yet offers uncompromising performance Snap-on battery provides freedomfrom AC power mains 14Easy,worry-free measurementsThe ESA-E series offers outstanding lab-grade performance, and protec-tion from the elements along with convenience and ease-of-use features tailored to field service.•Rubber-encased frames and the lack of vibration-prone internal adjustments improve reliability during transportation.•Snap-on rechargeable battery provides up to 1.9 hours of cordless operation (optional).•12 Vdc operation from automotive electrical systems•Rain-resistant front panel, shielded vents, and side-mounted fanprotect the instrument in adverse environments.•Vibration and shock resistance with solid state internal memory.Get accurate measurementsin every kind of field condition• Continuous automatic background alignment provides accuracy over varying temperature conditions.• Hard transit case, soft operating/carrying case or backpack provides choice of convenient transportation aids.•Flexible tilt handle optimizes line of sight whether the analyzer is viewed from the bench or ground.•Color display provides optimum readability regardless of lighting and viewing angle.•Find cable problems with the fault location measurement personality.•Troubleshoot cellular base stations with GSM and cdmaOne measurement personalities.•Make one-button RF power measurements for all the major2G/3G formats.Backpack with ESA to remote locations15Agilent ESA-E series – a whole product solution The performance of the ESA-E series spectrum analyzer isonly a small part of what you get from Agilent Technologies.Agilent strives to provide complete solutions that gobeyond our customers’ expectations. Only Agilent offersthe depth and breadth of enhancements, software,services, connectivity,accessibility and support to helpour customers reach their measurements objectives.Please contact Agilent for more information.Post-sales support• Standard three-year globalwarranty• Worldwide call center and calibrationservice center support network• One-year calibration intervals• FREE Firmware upgrades and servicenotes available from Agilent’s Web site• PC-based calibration software•Computer-based service training onCD-ROM•Flexible support options to meetyour needsThe Agilent ESA-E series ismanufactured in an ISO 9001registered facility to Agilent’sexacting standards.Training and access toinformation• Printer support matrix onAgilent’s Web site• Factory service training• Web-based support of frequentlyasked questions• Operation , programming andcalibration manuals on CD-ROM andon Agilent’s Web site• User and applications training•T echnical seminars•Cellular/PCS base stationtroubleshooting course•Calibration certificate standard•Localized operation manualsPC connectivity & software• Floppy disk drive• GPIB or RS232 interfaces• VXI plug&play drivers• IntuiLink spectrum analyzer software• EEsof Advanced Design Systemdriver (instrument link)•Programming examples on CD-ROM• SCPI (Standard Commands forProgrammable Instruments)• Custom software service• BenchLink web remote control software• 8590-series programming codecompatibility• 8590-series/ESA programmingconversion guideProduct peripherals andaccessories• Battery packs and 12 Vdc cables•Rack mounts•Operating/carrying, backpack andtransit cases•External mixers to 110 GHz•Preamplifiers to 26.5 GHz•High-impedance active probes•RF/MW limiters, adapters & cablesPre-sales services•Rentals, leasing, and financing• Application engineering andconsulting services• Application notes• Custom product modifications• Custom downloadable programs• Product literature available fromAgilent’s Web site• Demonstration units availablefor evaluation• Trade-up programs• Support at least 5 years beyondproduction life of product16Add an external VGA color monitor.12 Vdc operation from automotive batteries.Parallel port supports most HP printers (optional).Supports Agilent preselected external mixers (optional).Digital demodulation hardware for current and future communications systems (optional).Snap-on battery pack for portability (optional).Use an external frequency reference for even more accuracy.Input signal down converted to 21.4 MHz (optional).High speed GPIB interface(optional).17Ordering information ESA-E seriesAgilent E4401B Spectrum Analyzer 9 kHz to 1.5 GHz Agilent E4402B Spectrum Analyzer 9 kHz to 3.0 GHz Agilent E4404B Spectrum Analyzer 9 kHz to 6.7 GHz Agilent E4405B Spectrum Analyzer 9 kHz to 13.2 GHz Agilent E4407B Spectrum Analyzer 9 kHz to 26.5 GHzAdditional informationAgilent literatureNumber ESA-E Series Technical Specifications 5968-3386E ESA-E Series Configuration Guide 5968-3412E Spectrum Analyzer Selection Guide 5968-3413E ESA-E Series Self-Guided Demo 5968-3658E ESA Battery Pack Product Overview 5966-1851E EMI Pre-compliance Brochure5968-2516E N2717A Calibration Software Product Overview 5968-5478E GSM/GPRS Measurements Product Overview 5968-6871E cdmaOne Measurements Product Overview 5968-6869E TV Transmission Quality Measurements Flyer 5968-6874E Measuring Signals Above 26.5 GHz Flyer 5968-6873E Cable Fault Location Product Overview 5980-1915E Phase Noise Product Overview 5980-1191E Cable TV Product Overview5980-2297E Bluetooth™ Measurement Solutions Product Overview5980-2786EN Modulation Analysis Measurements Product Overview5988-2116EN IntuiLink Software Data Sheet 15980-3115EN BenchLink Web Remote Control Software Product Overview5988-2610ENFor the latest information on the Agilent ESA-E series see our Web page at: 1. For more information about IntuiLink software visit our Web site at: /find/IntuiLink1819Agilent Technologies’ Test and Measurement Support, Services, and AssistanceAgilent Technologies aims to maximize the value you receive, while minimizing your risk and problems. We strive to ensure that you get the test and measurement capabilities you paid for and obtain the support you need. Our extensive support resources and services can help you choose the right Agilent products for your applications and apply them successfully. Every instrument and system we sell has a global warranty. Support is available for at least five years beyond the production life of the product. Two concepts underlie Agilent’s overall support policy: “Our Promise” and “Your Advantage.”Our PromiseOur Promise means your Agilent test and measurement equipment will meet its advertised performance and functionality. When you are choosing new equipment, wewill help you with product information, including realistic performance specifications and practical recommendations from experienced test engineers. When you use Agilent equipment, we can verify that it works properly, help with product operation, and provide basic measurement assistance for the use of specified capabilities, at no extra cost upon request. Many self-help tools are available. Your AdvantageYour Advantage means that Agilent offersa wide range of additional expert test and measurement services, which you can purchase according to your unique technical and business needs. Solve problems efficiently and gain a competitive edge by contracting with us for calibration, extra-cost upgrades, out-of-warranty repairs, and on-site education and training,as well as design, system integration, project management, and other professional engineering services. Experienced Agilent engineers and technicians worldwide canhelp you maximize your productivity, optimize the return on investment of your Agilent instruments and systems, and obtain dependable measurement accuracy for thelife of those products.By internet, phone, or fax, get assistance with all your test and measurement needs.Online assistance:/find/assist Phone or Fax:United States:(tel)180****4844Canada:(tel)187****4414(fax) (905) 282-6495Europe:(tel) (31 20) 547 2323(fax) (31 20) 547 2390Japan:(tel) (81) 426 56 7832(fax) (81) 426 56 7840Latin America:(tel) (305) 269 7500(fax) (305) 269 7599Australia:(tel) 1 800 629 485(fax) (61 3) 9210 5947New Zealand:(tel) 0 800 738 378(fax) 64 4 495 8950Asia Pacific:(tel) (852) 3197 7777(fax) (852) 2506 9284Product specifications and descriptions in this document subject to change without notice. Copyright © 2000, 2001 Agilent Technologies Printed in USA, March 27, 20015968-3278EMicrosoft Excel® and Microsoft Word® are U.S. registered trademarks of Microsoft Corp. Bluetooth™ is a trademark owned by Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson, Sweden and licensed to Agilent Technologies.。

Engineering Materials and ProcessesEngineering materials and processes are the backbone of modern technology. They are the building blocks of everything from the smallest electronic device to the largest skyscraper. The selection of materials and the processes used to shape and form them have a significant impact on the performance, durability, and cost of a product. In this response, I will explore the different materials and processes used in engineering, their advantages and disadvantages, and their impact on the environment.One of the most commonly used materials in engineering is steel. Steel is strong, durable, and can be easily shaped into various forms. It is used in the construction of buildings, bridges, and vehicles. However, the production of steel requires a significant amount of energy, and the process generates a large amount of carbon dioxide emissions. This has led to efforts to develop more sustainable methods of producing steel, such as using renewable energy sources and recycling scrap steel.Another material commonly used in engineering is aluminum. Aluminum is lightweight, corrosion-resistant, and can be easily formed into complex shapes. It is used in the construction of aircraft, automobiles, and packaging materials. However, the production of aluminum also requires a significant amount of energy, and the extraction of aluminum from bauxite ore can have negative environmental impacts.Plastics are another important material used in engineering. They are lightweight, durable, and can be easily molded into various shapes. Plastics are used in a wide range of products, from packaging materials to medical devices. However, many plastics are not biodegradable and can have negative impacts on the environment. Efforts are underway to develop more sustainable alternatives to traditional plastics, such as biodegradable plastics and plant-based materials.In addition to the selection of materials, the processes used to shape and form them also have a significant impact on the performance and cost of a product. For example, injection molding is a commonly used process for producing plastic parts. It is fast, efficient, and can produce large quantities of parts at a lowcost. However, it may not be suitable for producing complex parts with intricate geometries.Another process commonly used in engineering is machining. Machining involves the removal of material from a workpiece using cutting tools. It is used to produce parts with precise dimensions and tolerances. However, machining can be time-consuming and expensive, especially for complex parts.In conclusion, the selection of materials and processes used in engineering has a significant impact on the performance, durability, and cost of a product. While traditional materials such as steel and aluminum are still widely used, efforts are underway to develop more sustainable materials and processes that minimize negative environmental impacts. As technology continues to evolve, it is likely that we will see new materials and processes emerge that will further enhance the capabilities of engineering.。

平安南塔项目建筑内冷却塔群设计与分享发布时间：2021-09-01T08:32:56.774Z 来源：《城镇建设》2021年4月第12期作者：张李智[导读] 论证冷却塔群布置在建筑体内的半封闭空间是可实施的，同时解决了半封闭条件下冷却塔群排风与进风回流影响冷却塔换热效率问题。

张李智悉地国际设计顾问（深圳）有限公司. 深圳，518000摘要：论证冷却塔群布置在建筑体内的半封闭空间是可实施的，同时解决了半封闭条件下冷却塔群排风与进风回流影响冷却塔换热效率问题。

根据实际项目案例，对冷却塔进行“有组织排风”排风方案。

应用CFD数值模拟分析，得出“有组织排风”方案下，半封闭建筑内冷却塔排风在季风或是无风环境下运行良好，减少了送风与排风回流及气流涡旋影响，更好保证了冷却塔高效稳定工作。

关键词:鼓风塔；平安金融中心南塔；有组织排风；冷却塔气流组织 ;防白雾;中图分类号：TU 文献标识码：A 文章编号： Design And Sharing Of The Cooling Towers In PingAn South Tower Project Zhang LizhiBy CCDI Group Abstract：It is feasible to install cooling towers in semi enclosed space of building, at the same time, the problem that the heat transfer efficiency of cooling towers is affected by the backflow of exhaust air and inlet air under semi closed condition is solved. According to the actual project case, the "organized exhaust" exhaust scheme is carried out for the cooling tower. The CFD numerical simulation analysis shows that under the scheme of "organized exhaust", the exhaust air of the cooling tower in the semi closed building runs well in the monsoon or no wind environment, which reduces the influence of the return flow of supply air and exhaust air and the airflow vortex, and better ensures the efficient and stable operation of the cooling tower..Key words：Blast tower; South Tower of Ping An Financial Center; Organized Ventilation; Air Distribution Of cooling Towers; Anti white fog;引言伴随着我国开启全面建设社会主义现代化国家新征程，城市现代建筑的设计也越来越复杂多样化，设计理念越来越超前。

结构的连续倒塌：规范介绍和比较梁益陆新征缪志伟叶列平(清华大学土木工程系，北京，100084)摘要: 目前，结构的连续倒塌已成为严重威胁公共安全的重要问题，因而日益受到关注。

国外自1968年英国Ronan Point公寓倒塌事件发生以来，已经对连续倒塌问题进行了三十余年的研究，并编制了相关设计规范。

而我国规范目前尚未规定详细抗连续倒塌设计方法。

因此，本文对国外主要的抗连续倒塌设计规范（如美国ACI 318，GSA 2003，DoD 2005、欧洲EuroCode 1、英国BS8100等）中相应的抗连续倒塌设计条文进行了总结和比较，并在此基础上提出了一些结构抗连续倒塌的设计概念和几种主要的设计方法，以及我国在这方面需要解决的问题，可供我国编制相关规范参考。

关键词: 连续倒塌规范设计方法Progressive Collapse of Structures: Introduction and Comparison ofStandardsLiang Yi Lu Xin-zheng Miao Zhi-wei Ye Lie-ping(Department of Civil Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084)Abstract: Currently, the progressive collapse of the structures has become a serious threat to the public safety. Since the collapse of the Ronan Point Tower in United Kingdom in 1968, north America and Europe have conducted more than 30 years of research to this issue and developed relevant design codes and design guides. However, codes in China have not yet provided details on the resistance of progressive collapse. In this paper, the corresponding design specifications for the progressive collapse prevention in the main foreign design codes (e.g.,ACI 318-02，GSA 2003，DoD 2005、EuroCode1、BS8100) are summarized and compared. Then, the major design methods to prevent progressive collapse are proposed and suggestions are given for the Chinese codes.Key words:progressive collapse codes design method1 前言结构的连续倒塌是由于意外荷载造成结构的局部破坏，并引发连锁反应导致破坏向结构的其它部分扩散，最终使结构主体丧失承载力，造成结构的大范围坍塌。

七年级英语下册第二单元作文范文译林全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1Unit 2 Essay Model TranslationHave you ever thought about what life will be like in the future? I spend a lot of time imagining how technology might change the world. In this unit, we've been reading about different predictions for the future and the impacts of technological advances. I found the topics fascinating and wanted to explore them further in this essay.Let's start by looking at transportation in the future. It seems like self-driving cars and trucks are just around the corner. Companies like Tesla, Waymo, and others are making huge strides with autonomous vehicle technology. Just imagine being able to hop in your car, enter your destination, and letting the vehicle do all the driving! No more traffic jams caused by human error. The roads will be much safer too with vehicles communicating and reacting instantly to prevent accidents.But that's just the start - air travel could be revolutionized as well with vertical takeoff and landing (VTOL) vehicles becomingviable. Imagine ordering an air taxi through an app and having it swoop down to your location, then whisk you across town or to the next city in a fraction of the time it would take to drive. No more being stuck in gridlock traffic! With numerous companies like Joby Aviation working on this technology, it could be common to see personal VTOL vehicles zipping around in the skies in 10-15 years.Speaking of the skies, suborbital space tourism could allow anyone to experience amazing views of the Earth from the edge of space. Companies like Virgin Galactic and Blue Origin are developing reusable rocket systems for short hop journeys past the atmosphere. Think about the incredible photos and videos regular people will be able to capture from that vantage point! It might cost a pretty penny for the first few decades, but as the technology matures, space tourism could become affordable for the masses.Sticking with the theme of leaving Earth's bounds, I think the 2030s will also see substantial progress towards human bases on the Moon and Mars. NASA's Artemis program aims to establish a sustained human presence on the lunar surface as preparation for eventual crewed missions to Mars. Elon Musk's SpaceX is also hard at work developing the massive Starship rocket to transportpeople and cargo for building up a city on the Red Planet. Can you envision humans living and working on another world within our lifetimes? It's definitely an exciting prospect!Shifting back to Earth, the ways we produce energy, goods, and food are likely to be massively overhauled thanks to new technologies. Renewable sources like solar, wind, and nuclear could entirely replace fossil fuels for electricity generation by 2050 if current trends continue. Homes and businesses might be powered by sleek roof tiles that also act as solar panels. Electric vehicles charged from renewable grids would dramatically reduce pollution and greenhouse gas emissions.Goods and products could be created on-demand via advanced 3D printing instead of shipping things from factories. You could essentially print out toys, tools, clothing, and more at home or a local facility with these additive manufacturing systems. It sounds like science fiction but some of the prototypes are already incredibly advanced. Just feed in the raw materials like plastics or metal powders, send the digital blueprint, and out pops the finished item. No more needing to order things online and wait days or weeks!Food production is another area ripe for innovation.Self-driving electric tractors could help make outdoor farmingmore efficient and sustainable. But vertical indoor farms could enable large metro areas to grow immense amounts of fruits and veggies locally using hydroponics and LED lighting. Meat and dairy products could also be produced more cleanly and humanely using labs that grow them from stem cells without involving live animals. It might sound bizarre, but this cultured meat could be nearly indistinguishable from conventional and prevent the environmental damage caused by industrial cattle farming.That's just scratching the surface of changes that could happen by 2040 or 2050! Artificial intelligence and robotics will inevitably continue advancing rapidly, impacting scores of industries and aspects of daily life. Perhaps we'll have smart home robot assistants to clean, cook, and run errands for us. Workplace redundancies will be handled by machines, allowing humans to work less and spend more time on hobbies. Realistic virtual reality could allow us to vividly experience any fantastic scenario we dream up.However, not all these technological trends are positive. There are legitimate concerns about AI systems becoming too powerful and potentially posing existential risks to humanity if their goals and motivations aren't carefully constrained.Automation could also massively disrupt labor markets and concentrate even more wealth and power among big tech titans. Data privacy and genetic engineering raise a host of ethical quandaries. Our civilization needs to be proactive about responsibly guiding the development of transformative technologies.Although we can't predict everything, it's relatively clear that life in 2050 will be vastly different than today thanks to technological progress. Many current paradigms we take for granted could be upended. Some of the changes fill me with excitement and optimism for a better future, while others give me some trepidation about the obstacles we'll face along the way. But one thing is for sure - it will be quite a ride getting to that point! I can't wait to see how innovations continue unfolding over the decades ahead.篇2Title: The Treasures of NatureAs I gaze out the window on a sunny afternoon, my eyes are drawn to the vibrant colors and intricate details of the natural world outside. The lush green leaves on the trees sway gently in the breeze, each one a tiny miracle of life. The colorful petals ofthe flowers in the garden seem to burst with energy, beckoning the buzzing bees and fluttering butterflies. It's a scene that fills me with a profound sense of wonder and appreciation for the treasures of nature that surround us.In our ever-advancing world of technology and urban development, it's easy to become disconnected from the natural world. We spend so much of our time indoors, staring at screens and surrounded by concrete and steel. But nature has a way of reminding us of its importance, its beauty, and its power – if only we take the time to appreciate it.One of the things I find most fascinating about nature is its incredible diversity. From the towering redwood trees of California to the vibrant coral reefs of the Great Barrier Reef, the natural world is a tapestry of colors, shapes, and textures unlike anything we could create artificially. Each ecosystem, each species, is a unique and irreplaceable part of this tapestry, contributing to the overall beauty and balance of our planet.But nature's treasures go beyond just aesthetics. The natural world provides us with so many vital resources that we often take for granted. The air we breathe, the water we drink, the food we eat – all of these come from the earth and its intricate web of life. Without the trees and plants that produce oxygen, without therivers and oceans that sustain aquatic life, without the rich soil that nourishes our crops, our very existence would be impossible.Moreover, nature has a profound impact on our mental and physical well-being. Studies have shown that spending time in nature can reduce stress levels, improve mood, and even boost our immune systems. There's something deeply calming and rejuvenating about being surrounded by the sights, sounds, and scents of the natural world. It's as if our souls are reconnecting with something primal and essential, a part of ourselves that can only be truly nourished by the embrace of nature.Yet, for all its beauty and importance, the natural world is under constant threat from human activity. Deforestation, pollution, climate change, and habitat destruction are just a few of the challenges facing our planet's ecosystems. It's a sobering reality that forces us to confront the consequences of our actions and the impact we have on the world around us.But it's not too late to change course. By making conscious efforts to protect and preserve the natural world, we can ensure that future generations will be able to experience the same sense of wonder and appreciation that we feel today. This might meansupporting conservation efforts, reducing our carbon footprints, or simply making more sustainable choices in our daily lives.One of the most powerful things we can do, however, is to educate ourselves and others about the importance of nature. By learning about the intricate relationships and interdependencies that exist within ecosystems, we can develop a deeper understanding and respect for the natural world. And by sharing this knowledge and appreciation with others, we can inspire them to join us in protecting and preserving the treasures of nature.As I look out at the beauty before me, I'm reminded of the words of the great naturalist John Muir: "In every walk with nature, one receives far more than he seeks." Indeed, the natural world has so much to offer us, if only we open our eyes and our hearts to its wonders. It's a treasure trove of beauty, resources, and inspiration, waiting to be explored and cherished.So let us make a conscious effort to connect with nature, to appreciate its splendor, and to protect its fragile ecosystems. For in doing so, we not only ensure the survival of the natural world, but we also nurture our own physical and spiritual well-being. The treasures of nature are ours to enjoy and preserve, a precious gift that we must pass on to future generations.篇3Title: Reflections on Unit 2 of Grade 7 English (Yilin Edition)Hey there! It's me again, your friendly neighborhood 7th grader, here to share my thoughts on the second unit we covered in our English textbook this semester. Let me just start by saying, this unit was a wild ride! From exploring different cultures to diving into some pretty deep topics, it really kept us on our toes.The first thing that struck me about this unit was how broad the theme of "culture" was. I mean, it's not just about different foods or traditional dances (although those were covered too). We looked at everything from beliefs and values to customs and ways of life. It was a real eye-opener, let me tell you.One of the readings that really stuck with me was the one about the Maasai tribe in Kenya. Their semi-nomadic lifestyle and close connection to their cattle were just so different from anything I'd ever learned about before. And the way they've managed to preserve their culture and traditions in the face of modernization? Mad respect.But it wasn't just about learning about other cultures. This unit also challenged us to think critically about our own culturesand how they shape our identities. The discussions we had in class about things like gender roles, family structures, and social norms were pretty intense at times. I have to admit, some of it was a bit uncomfortable, but I appreciate how our teacher created a safe space for us to really dig deep.Speaking of digging deep, let's talk about that poetry unit. I'll be honest, poetry has never really been my thing. But some of the pieces we read, man, they just hit differently. Like that one about the immigrant experience? I could feel the author's sense of displacement and longing for home in every line. It was powerful stuff.And then there were the creative writing exercises! At first, I was a little hesitant about sharing my work with the class. But after a few rounds of peer feedback, I started to really enjoy it. There's something therapeutic about being able to express yourself through writing, you know?Of course, no English unit would be complete without some good old grammar and vocabulary practice. I have to give props to our textbook for making even the dry stuff somewhat engaging. The way they integrated new words and grammar points into the readings and activities was actually pretty clever.But let's be real, the highlight of this unit was definitely the group project. We had to research a cultural festival or celebration and then present it to the class. My group chose to do the Chinese New Year, and let me tell you, we went all out. From creating traditional decorations to learning a few phrases in Mandarin, it was a total immersion experience.Presenting in front of the class was nerve-wracking, not gonna lie. But the sense of accomplishment we felt after nailing it? Chef's kiss. Plus, we got to sample some seriously delicious Chinese snacks courtesy of our teacher. Win-win!Looking back, I can't believe how much ground we covered in just a few weeks. This unit really opened my eyes to the rich tapestry of cultures that exist in our world. And it didn't just stop at appreciation either. We also learned about the importance of respect, understanding, and open-mindedness when it comes to engaging with cultures different from our own.I won't pretend like I have all the answers now or that I'm some kind of cultural expert. But I do feel like I've gained a greater sense of curiosity and empathy towards other ways of life. And at the end of the day, isn't that what learning about culture is all about?So yeah, Unit 2 was a doozy. But in the best way possible. It challenged me, enlightened me, and even entertained me at times. I'd call that a successful chapter in my English learning journey. Now, bring on the next unit! (Just maybe go a little easier on the poetry this time, yeah?)。

建筑设计特别嘉许奖 Special Recognition in Architectural Design36 WORLD ARCHITECTURE REVIEW 建筑时空ARCHITECTURE NOWBetaPort 是由空间创新工作室Urban Beta 发明和设计的，工作室不断创造包容、非传统和变革性的空间，采用参与式方法开发空间系统。

BetaPort 本身则是一种经过认证的专利建筑技术。

每个元素都在工厂进行测试和质量检查，以保证产品质量。

在现场，所有元件都可以快速轻松地组装。

除此以外，BetaPort 也提供了适配的配置器使设计变得简单且具有成本效益，为循环经济提供了变革性的项目开发与可持续建筑技术。

缺乏生活空间、空间效率、可持续性等的城市挑战需要新的、以需求为导向的整体方法，Urban Beta 的工作即是涉及社会正义、预测性规划、共同创造和设计民主化的探索与尝试。

Betaport Providing Scalable Building Solutions for a Circular Future BetaPort provides circular "Building As a Service" (BAaS) solutions for sustainable architectures on-demand. We offer adaptive spaces that are flexible in use and follow an open-source mentality. Our system can grow over time and adapt to future use cases, activated through predictive planning for maximum efficient layouts. BetaPort offers the seamless integration of technical solutions as well as a circular production chain, including material tracking. Sustainable Architecture, digitally planned, using Automation The BetaPort system is built upon highly flexible interior layouts, based on modular, reversible building blocks.The design can react to changes, like varying capacities or alternating functions. BetaPort comes with its own digital planning tool: The BetaPort configurator. It serves as an interactive platform to connect various project stakeholders, decision makers, planners and users alike. Using machine learning and custom algorithms the configurator is designed for playful and efficient planning. It eliminates planning errors , anticipates building costs and creates production data. Affordable and Easy to Build BetaPort construction has a certified and patented building technology with a streamlined production. Every element is tested and quality checked in the factory to guarantee a great product. On site all elements are easy to assemble, by skilled and non-skilled workers. BetaPort fosters the democratization of construction through its participatory, systematic and open-source approach to building. We offer digital manuals for all building scales and sizes, including custom elements. Completely designed on Circular Economy Principles Designed for disassembly: BetaPort uses material passport and reversible connections. Completely designed from renewables or cycled materials BetaPort aims to provide sustainable buildings that create carbon sinks and active material depots. Innovative material sourcing and combination strategies allow for upcycled and secondary materials in the construction system. In this way BetaPort enables new business models, based on space on-demand solutions, service and subscription models to create "Buildings as a Service" (BaaS).BetaPort ONE BetaPort One is the world's first circular hub on-demand, completely implemented with our efficient planning process and our ecological building system. BetaPort One seamlessly integrates innovative mobility solutions and charging infrastructure into a new generation mobility hub: circular, sustainable, participatory planned and easy to scale. With our circular design approach, every BetaPort ONE pop-up becomes an actively managed material depot including material passports. Thanks to an ecosystem of components, rooms can easily be added, relocated or remodeled. Relocation to other locations is possible ina short time thanks to the simple construction system.BetaPort– Circular Building Technology On-Demand贝塔波特 —— 按需循环建筑技术建筑设计：Urban Beta UGDesign Company: Urban Beta UGCopyright ©博看网. All Rights Reserved.。

第 12 卷第 12 期2023 年 12 月Vol.12 No.12Dec. 2023储能科学与技术Energy Storage Science and Technology新型相变储能材料在建筑工程中的应用鞠杰1，陈瑞芳2，魏钢3（1河南应用技术职业学院，河南郑州450042；2郑州城市职业学院，河南郑州452370；3中建六局华北建设有限公司，北京100037）摘 要：相变储能材料是一类利用在某一特定温度下发生物理相态变化以实现能量存储和释放的储能材料，具有储热密度高、放热速率快、蓄热温度分布均匀等优点。

在建筑工程应用中，它可以有效降低建筑结构中的温度波动，达到节能减排的目的。

为了提高新型相变储能材料在建筑工程中的应用成效，本文对基于淀粉、纤维素、木质素为载体的新型相变储能材料特性展开研究，对其在屋顶隔热、墙体保温、玻璃暖房、太阳能光伏发电等领域的应用也进行了分析，还对其未来的发展方向提出了展望和见解。

希望能更好地促进新型相变储能材料与其他建筑节能技术相结合，进一步提升相变储能材料的应用范围和应用效果。

关键词：相变储能材料；节能环保；淀粉；纤维素；木质素；建筑工程doi： 10.19799/ki.2095-4239.2023.0810中图分类号：TK 01 文献标志码：A 文章编号：2095-4239（2023）12-3883-03Application of new phase change energy storage materials inbuilding engineeringJU Jie1, CHEN Ruifang2, WEI Gang3(1Henan Vocational College of Applied Technology, Zhengzhou 450042, Henan, China; 2Zhengzhou City Vocational College, Zhengzhou 452370, Henan, China; 3North China Construction Co., Ltd., China Construction Sixth Bureau,Beijing 100037, China)Abstract:Phase change energy storage materials is a type of energy storage materials that utilize physical phase changes at a specific temperature to achieve energy storage and release. They have the advantages of high heat storage density, fast heat release rate, and uniform distribution of heat storage temperature. In the application of building engineering, it can effectively reduce temperature fluctuations in building structures and achieve the goal of energy conservation and emission reduction. However, there is still a long way to go in the research of its specific application effects. In order to improve the application effectiveness of new phase change energy storage materials in construction engineering, the article conducts research on the characteristics of new phase change energy storage materials based on starch, cellulose, and lignin as carriers. It also analyzes their applications in roof insulation, wall insulation, glass greenhouses, solar photovoltaic power generation, and other fields. It also puts forward prospects and insights for its future development direction. I hope to better收稿日期：2023-11-11；修改稿日期：2023-11-18。

2020届北京市海淀国际学校高三英语期中考试试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ANational Disability Insurance Scheme (方案)The National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS) will transform the way Queenslanders with disability are supported and change the way disability services are funded and delivered.Under the scheme, Queenslanders with disability will have choice and control over how they access support and who delivers them. They will also have certainty that they will be supported throughout their lifetime to achieve their personal goals.The NDIS will have an effect on the following programs.School Transport Assistance Program for Students with DisabilityThe NDIS will not disrupt existing services for qualified students. The Queensland Government will also continue to provide school transport assistance for students with disability who are not qualified to receive funding via the NDIS.For more information about the School Transport Assistance Program, and to check your qualification, visit the Education and Training website.Taxi Subsidy (补助金) SchemeThe Queensland Governmenthas lengthened the Taxi Subsidy Scheme (TSS) membership for NDIS qualified members to 31 October, 2022. This will allow more time to solve transport support arrangements under the Commonwealth’s NDIS.You can find more information about the TSS and your qualification on the TransLink website.Disability Parking Permit SchemeNo changes will be made to the Disability parking permit scheme when the NDIS is introduced inQueensland. Current arrangements for this scheme will be maintained.You can find more information on this scheme, and check your qualification, on the Queensland Government website.Public Transport Concessions for People with DisabilityThere will be no change to concessions on public transport for people with disability when the NDIS isintroduced inQueensland. TransLink will continue to ensure concessions are provided for disabled persons travelling on public transport inQueenslandwhen the NDIS is introduced.You can find more information about public transport discounts for people with disability, and check your qualification, on the TransLink website,1.Which program helps drive the disabled to and from school?A.Taxi Subsidy Scheme.B.Disability Parking Permit Scheme.C.Public Transport Concessions for People with Disability.D.School Transport Assistance Program for Students with Disability.2.What can we learn about Taxi Subsidy Scheme?A.The scheme is for parking permit.B.The existing membership can be effective for longer time.C.There is no change to current arrangements for the scheme.D.The NDIS will not break off existing services for qualified students.3.What do the four programs have in common?A.They are all related to transport.B.They are all largely affected by NDIS.C.They all can be checked on the same website.D.They all provide discounts for disabled persons.BThe health benefits of staying active are already well-known. It can help you manage weight, keep blood sugar levels down and reduce risk factors for heart disease.Now, a new study suggests that regularly playing sports, especially badminton or tennis, is not only healthy but also reduces your risk of death, at any age, by approximately 50%. This is a big scale population study to explore the health benefits of sports in terms of death rate. The study evaluated responses from 80, 306 adults aged 30 and above inEnglandandScotland, who were surveyed about their health, lifestyle and exercise patterns.After adjusting factors such as age, sex, weight, smoking habits, alcohol use, education and other forms of exercise besidesthe named sports, the researchers compared the risk of death among people who took part in a sport to those who didn’t. The percentage of reduced risk of death was found to be: 47% for racket（球拍）sports, 28% for swimming and 15% for cycling.In addition to this, the study didn’t find any significant reduction in the risk for sports like running and football. The findings also exposed that over 44% of the participants met the guidelines for the recommended exercise levels to stay fit and healthy, which amounts to 150 minutes of moderate(适度的) physical activity in a week.Does this mean you stop running or playing football and switch to tennis instead? Every kind of sport and physical activity has different physical, social and mental benefits attached to it. The apparent lack of benefits of running and football could result from several variables that were not taken into account.Being active helps you feel happier and live longer. So, the most important step is to take part in any kind of sport that you are likely to enjoy and follow in the long term.4. How is the study conducted?A. By doing comparative experiments.B. By analyzing previous data.C. By evaluating survey information.D. By tracking participants for a long time.5. What does the underlined part “the named sports” refer to?A. Ball sports.B. Racket sports.C. Individual sports.D. Traditional sports.6. What can we infer from paragraph 5?A. Few people will play football.B. Tennis will become more popular.C. The result of this study is wrong.D. The study needs to be further improved.7. What does the author advise people to do?A. Stick to any sport that you like.B. Play badminton and tennis only.C. Stop running and playing football.D. Do any sport according to guidelines.CAccording to statistics published by the BPI (Buying Power Index) a couple of months ago, digital streaming (流媒体) now accounts for 80 percent of the music consumption in the UK. Despite the incredible growth of online streaming platforms like iTunes, Apple Music and Tidal over the past 15 years, a more traditional medium has also seen a return of interest and sales in the music industry. In 2020, almost one in five of all albums purchased in the UK is vinyl (黑胶唱片), and it has once again become the most popular physical musical medium.With digital streaming so easy and convenient, why are so many peopledrawn to traditional records? Some experts claim that vinyl is a physical medium for experiencing music, something tangible (有形的) to hold and own. For most people, having something tangible and interacting with it gives depth to the experience of music.Listening to an album and touching it the way the artist intended can make them feel more connected to the music and the artist. Records are physical products that can be not only displayed but also gifted, shared, traded and passed down through generations.Sound quality is another hot topic. A lot of music lovers feel that the analogue sound (模拟声音) vinyl offers is superior to modern digital audio, particularly with regards to the compressed formats streaming platforms use. There’s a common belief that old-school analogue audio has a warmer, fuller sound than digitised music. For vinyl followers, the very defect traditional recorders often have, such as the familiar crackle (劈啪作响) when the record starts, bring the music to life in a different way.There’s aritualisticaspect to vinyl that a lot of people are drawn to, too. The act of putting a record on—carefully removing the record from the sleeve, placing it on the record player and gently dropping the needle on the right groove (凹槽)—is a more assiduous (一丝不苟的), mindful way of engaging with music. When you’re listening to vinyl, you can’t tap abutton and go about your day while the streaming service provides hours of music. You need to stay close to the record player to move the needle and flip the record over.It’s clear that the vinyl interest is well underway, and vinyl records are truly making a comeback. In an increasingly digital society, there’s something to be said for analogue experiences. Perhaps one of the great things about being alive in the 21st century is our ability to have the best of both worlds—the timeless appeal of physical records alongside the easy access to vast music libraries that streaming offers.8. What are the statistics published by the BPI used to show?A. An increase in music consumption.B. The recovery of music industry.C. A comeback of a physical medium.D. The acceptance of online streaming.9. According to some experts, why does vinyl interest many people?A. It attracts people by its realistic feel.B. It offers simple access to different music.C. It shares a new way to enjoy music.D. It provides people with perfect sound effect.10. The underlined word “ritualistic” in Para.4 means something ______.A. Overlooked by society.B. Updated very frequently.C. Performed as part of a ceremony.D. Kept for a long time without changing.11. How does the writer feel about the future development of music medium?A. Traditional records will get underway.B. The analogue experiences may matter more.C. Vinyl sales will boom with technological advance.D. There should be a good mix of old and new.DAfter almost an entire year of not going shopping and vacationing, you find the numbers reflected by your bank account meet your heart’ s desire.Now the most important question comes, what to do with the earnings? Should you fulfill dreams of the present, invest in preserving the future or perhaps keep saving it for a rainy day?Our elders always try to teach us the value of money and its moral weakness. One may be on a winning streak (连续成功) now, but it will not always be so. One will have days when there will be no sunshine but only rain, and their luck will hide behind those thick grey clouds. Save for those rainy days, they say. Do not spend too much, live within a budget,refrain fromcredit no matter how small and save for the future.Since the very first time we earn our own money from a summer job or earning our first salary, the lessons start. In fact, the pocket money that we receive when we are children begins the process of learning how to best manage one’ s money.People often think like this — one day when I have enough money, I will travel the world. Then, once we do earn enough money, tomorrow’ s plans start shadowing our present ones. However, is it wise to keep living for that future? Will we still enjoy or even be able to backpack in our 50s? How will we ever enjoy our present if we are constantly living for the future?Good questions, aren’ t they? I say travel but don’ t let yourself run dry, treat yourself to some luxuries but also keep enough for your necessities, and enjoy your present but with a plan for the foreseeable future. Life is for the living, so live it sensibly.12. Why do elders teach us to save money?A. Because there are more rainy days in life.B. Because no one can win streak.C. Because good days may end.D. Because money can’t buy everything.13. What does the underlined phrase “refrain from” mean in Paragraph 3?A. select fromB. hold backC. rely onD. prefer to14. Which of the following opinions would the author agree?A. To enjoy yourself in the right time.B. To wait to travel until we have enough money.C. To go backpacking in our 50s.D. To live for the future.15. What should we do with the earnings according to the author?A. We should save all for rainy days.B. We should fulfill our dreams.C. We should entertain ourselves.D. We should live the present wisely.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。