八年级英语首字母答题技巧及精选练习题

中考英语阅读首字母解题技巧讲解一、近年中考阅读首字母考查词性梳理1、近年中考首字母填空考查词类梳理二、首字母填空训练技巧讲解阅读是英语中的一个难点，首字母完形填空又是阅读教学中最令人头痛的一环。

它不但考查学生对语篇的理解能力，而且考查学生理解语篇过程中的分析判断、句子成分与词性的对应关系、语法结构、词义辨析等全方位的综合能力。

只有具备了相当词汇量、扎实的语法知识、充分的扩散性思维和严密的逻辑推理能力的学生，才能很好地完成语篇，使文章通顺畅达，恢复原样。

“台阶式”训练法也许是在较短时间里提高缺词填空能力的途径之一。

台阶一：掌握七种句子成分与十种词性之间的对应关系。

通过对单一成分的分类练习，掌握该句子成分与何种词性相对应。

词性正确是答案正确的前提。

(1) 对主语的判断【典型例题】1. _____________ are helpful to students. ( teach )2. _____________ is more important to me than money. ( healthy )3. Some famous ______________ are going to give lectures in our university in August. ( science)4. _____________ is my favourite sport. ( fish )5. _____________ stamps is my hobby. ( collect )【参考答案】1. Teachers 2. Health 3. scientists 4. Fishing 5. Collecting【测量目标】考查学生把句子成分和词性对应的能力【难度等级】基础【思路解析】以上练习中，填入词均为句子的主语。

主语是动作的发出者，词性主要为名词与代词（1-3题）；动词不能直接用作主语，必须转化成其对应的名词或doing（4、5）。

中考英语首字母填空答题技巧详解第一节命题规律首字母填空又叫综合填空，是中考英语试题中常见的题型之一。

这种题型主要是对学生的四项能力，即对单词的辨析拼写能力；对英语基础知识的学习掌握运用能力；对语法知识的准确运用能力；以及对上下文语境中逻辑意义的推断理解能力。

要求考生注意单词在句子中的确切含义与正确形式，而不是孤立地死记硬背单词。

第二节题型分析首字母填空这种题型，要求考生根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使得短文意思完整。

每空限填一词。

例如：根据句意和首字母的提示完成下列单词。

1. He has kept a d since he was at school. It has recorded (记录) what happened each day.2. I enjoy watching football games on TV. What is your ftelevision programme？答案：1. diary 2. favorite在句子中缺词的情况下，弄懂句子的意思是关键。

解答此类题时要注意“两个确定”，即“确定单词的意思”和“确定单词的形式”。

要保证单词的意思符合上下文，以及单词的形式符合语法要求。

第三节解题步骤1.读短文，晓大意在做题之前，仔细阅读短文通晓其大意；可调动脑中相关信息帮助答题。

2.上下文，是提示在解答时根据上下文确定要填写单词的词性（即是什么词类），再结合所给首字母确定该单词的意思，并写出该单词的正确形式，尽量不要放弃。

3.做完后，试一试单词写出以后，除了检查其形式是否正确，意思是否合理，还要然后通篇代入短文中进行检查，看看所填单词是否符合上下文。

第三节解题技巧一、读懂句意，确定单词例1 The f day of the week is Sunday.该句意为“一周的第一天是星期天”，需要填的词的首字母是“f”，根据常识和序数词有关知识应填“第一”，故填first。

八年级上首字母解题技巧首字母填空解题技巧：1. 跳过空格，通读短文，了解大意。

2. 复读短文，确定语义，判断词形。

A.) 利用上下文的语境，结合所学过的知识，先确定空格处所需词语的意义. 首字母和汉语既是提示又是限制。

必须注意词形的变化，包括名词的单复数、动词的时态、形容词和副词的比较级（最高级）等。

B.)再根据空格在句子中的位置，判断其在句中充当的成分，从而确定所填词的词性，再依据词语搭配和语法规则，判断所填的词的正确形式。

3.通读短文，检查答案。

具体做题方法：（一）从词性考查角度分析：1. 名词：单复数形式, 所有格的用法1. September 10th is Teachers’Day.2.In autumn after a strong wind, the ground is often covered with fallen leaves.2. 动词：时态语态的变化3.We could not run faster than cheetahs , so we _invented__(发明)cars and now we can move the fastest4.When you laugh ,you will open___ your mouth and your teeth.3. 形容词、副词：比较等级的用法5. Last Sunday，we played h_appily_____ in the park, though we were very tired.6.Summer is the hottest season of the year.4. 代词：单复数人称代词反身代词指示代词关系代词不定代词等的用法7. Help yourself to some fish，Jim.8. Mrs Green said to the twins .“Help yourselves to some fish please. ”9.This book belongs to Mary. It is hers.5. 连词：并列与从属连词的用法10.For years, we played other people’s songs, but now we play mostly our own songs.11. She didn’t go to school yesterday ，because she was ill.（二）从句子成分角度分析句子是按照一定的语法规律组成的，表达一个完整的意义。

中考英语阅读首字母解题技巧讲解一、近年中考阅读首字母考查词性梳理二、首字母填空训练技巧讲解阅读是英语中的一个难点，首字母完形填空又是阅读教学中最令人头痛的一环。

它不但考查学生对语篇的理解能力，而且考查学生理解语篇过程中的分析判断、句子成分与词性的对应关系、语法结构、词义辨析等全方位的综合能力。

只有具备了相当词汇量、扎实的语法知识、充分的扩散性思维和严密的逻辑推理能力的学生，才能很好地完成语篇，使文章通顺畅达，恢复原样。

“台阶式”训练法也许是在较短时间里提高缺词填空能力的途径之一。

台阶一：掌握七种句子成分与十种词性之间的对应关系。

通过对单一成分的分类练习，掌握该句子成分与何种词性相对应。

词性正确是答案正确的前提。

(1) 对主语的判断【典型例题】1. _____________ are helpful to students. ( teach )2. _____________ is more important to me than money. ( healthy )3. Some famous ______________ are going to give lectures in our university in August. ( science)4. _____________ is my favourite sport. ( fish )5. _____________ stamps is my hobby. ( collect )【参考答案】1. Teachers 2. Health 3. scientists 4. Fishing 5. Collecting【测量目标】考查学生把句子成分和词性对应的能力【难度等级】基础【思路解析】以上练习中，填入词均为句子的主语。

主语是动作的发出者，词性主要为名词与代词（1-3题）；动词不能直接用作主语，必须转化成其对应的名词或doing（4、5）。

05 首字母填空 首字母填空是多数学生的噩梦，难度较大。

是期末试卷中的区分题，所以做好此题，非常关键。

一、几点建议：1. 整体把握，避免盲人摸象。

一定要通读短文知大意，看整体全面了解.通读全文时要一气呵成，只要能了解短文的大意即可，单独几个单词不理解对文章大意理解影响不大。

2.复读短文抓信息，前后照应巧猜词.运用构词知识或上、下文的意思加以猜测，来确定它的词义和词形3. 反复推敲多琢磨，慎重答题多分析。

分析成分，确定句子所缺成分，从而进一步确定词性和词形。

4.认真复查很重要，关注整体和词形.九年级要特别关注：名词：可数不可数，单数与复数。

谓语动词的其五种形式：原形、三单、过去式、现在分词、过去分词，形容词和副词：先分形副，再定三级（原级，比较级，最高级）。

代词甚至反身代词，连词，介词，数词量词等十大词类。

非谓语动词：不定式，动名词，现在分词，过去分词。

特别易错：被动语态千万不能好不容易填出了单词，而因形式失误失分。

二、常用方法：1.关键词法。

准确找到关键词或符号。

2.揣测句意法。

也可以称为结合语境法. 3.判断词性法。

也可称为句子成分判断法。

准确判断画横线要填的词在句子里做主语、谓语、宾语、定语、表语，这样有利于保证所填的词的正确形式万无一失。

4.推理法。

结合上下文的意思及上下文的逻辑关系推理判断该填的单词的正确形式。

5.固定搭配法。

如make sb. do sth.; spend time doing sth …… 非常常用的一种方法，读完一句话明确觉得是某个词组的固定搭配的运用，这是首字母填小贴士空中难度较小的一种题型。

6.句型法。

首字母填空经常会考察学生固定搭配的熟练运用。

一．根据首字母提示完成短文。

1．Today we are going to talk about learning vocabulary .Many students find it （1）d ifficult to remember new words when they begin to study English.Now I'll give you some （2）a dvice .Do not waste （3）t ime in making the word list.The （4）b est way to learn new words is through listening.You can first find radio or TV programmes ，and then listen to them （5）c arefully .When you listen to the conversations ，you'll learn the pronunciation （发音） （6）w ell .Of course ，it is not enough.You （7）h ave to remember their sound.Some people find that they can learn the names of everyday objectives （物品）（8）i n this way.They listen to the names of things ，and then remember （9）t hem .If it doesn't work ，go on to practice （10）l istening to the conversations.文章主旨：本文主要介绍了学习单词的方法。

初中英语首字母填空的技巧和方法
初中英语首字母填空是一种常见的题型，考察了学生的词汇和语法能力。

以下是一些技巧和方法，有助于做好这种题目:
1. 先浏览全文：在填写首字母填空之前，先浏览整个文章，了
解文章的大意和结构，这有助于更好地理解空格所在的位置和上下文。

2. 注重空格附近的词汇：在填写首字母填空时，注意空格附近
的词汇，有助于更好地理解空格的含义。

例如，如果空格附近有一个单词是“happy”,那么空格的可能性就是“happiness”。

3. 掌握常用单词的词性和用法：掌握常用单词的词性和用法，
有助于更好地填写首字母填空。

例如，“break”可以表示“打破”或“休息”,“run”可以表示“奔跑”或“运行”。

4. 利用语法规则：利用语法规则，例如动词的时态和语态，有
助于更好地填写首字母填空。

例如，如果空格处需要一个动词，那么“do”通常是最合适的选择。

5. 利用上下文：填写首字母填空时，尽量利用上下文，了解文
章的大意和结构，有助于更好地填写空格。

例如，如果上下文提示了一个名词，那么这个词通常是最合适的选择。

拓展:
1. 练习各种题型：练习各种题型，例如首字母填空、完形填空、阅读理解等，有助于更好地应对各种考试和题型。

2. 利用语法书籍和课程：阅读语法书籍和参加语法课程，有助
于更好地掌握英语语法。

3. 多读英文原版书籍和文章：多读英文原版书籍和文章，有助于提高英语阅读能力和语感。

首字母填空三步走：1.通读短文（对大意有个了解，而不是盲目的去做。

学会跳读，对于不理解的地方可以短暂略过不去管它。

）2.仔细分析，填写单词（在了解大意的状况下，我们起先一边读一边做题。

在阅读过程中，要留意上、下文的关系，对于生词可以依据上下文的意思进行揣测。

）（留心找出关键词、短语或句子，还要结合所给首字母的提示，进行填写，并留意单词的正确形式。

）thanked him very much. 从句意我们就知道是“在他的帮助下”，with his help.（2）依据语法学问进行填词：如【08年和平】…It was a l earlier. 从句中的earlier可以看出它是比较级，我们应当会想到修饰形容词比较级有哪些词，前面有a,那确定就是little.（3）依据常识的积累进行填词：如【08年和平】…But it was too late. His friend was very angry. Mr. W hite said nothing but only one word “S.” Mr. White迟到了，他的挚友很生气，他什么都没说，只说了一个字“S.”我们依据常识确定是向他的挚友致歉，所以确定填sorry.（4）依据逻辑推理与句意理解进行填词：如【08年和平】One Sunday afternoon, Mr. White drove his new car to his friend’s house happily. He wanted to p his friend up at five and then went to see a new movie together. 依据句意，Mr. White兴奋地开着车去他的挚友家，然后一起去看电影，我们可以进行逻辑推理，他确定是去接他的挚友，所以填pick.4. 细心检查（检查填写的单词形式和意思是否合理，即是否与文章要求相符，有无句型结构及语法错误比如主语为第三人称单数时动词加s，动词的时态。

首字母填空解题技巧及高频单词首字母填空是阅读体中的一个重点和难点，但是只要掌握良好的解题技巧，静下心来认真对待，细心捉摸就一定能攻克这一堡垒。

在做这道题是一般应该把握好如下步骤：1、通读全文，理解短文大意，判断需填选项的词性，同时将一眼能够得出的答案迅速填上。

2、在理解作者的写作意图上进行换位思考，把自己想象成作者去努力使文章完整、通顺。

对于一下子拿不定主意的空项要及时跳过，而不能在上面纠缠，因为往往后面的内容会给予更好的提示。

3、进一步阅读全文，力求整篇文章完整通顺，且符合情理，否则宁缺勿乱。

4、检查每一个答案的正确性，包括名词的数、动词的时态、形容词和副词的准确运用等等。

填连词连词是用来连接一个从句的，在分析确定填连词后，翻译一下上下句，连词就可以确定了。

常考的连词有b开头的but，because，before；u开头的until和unless；wh-的宾语从句的连接词；以及although，though，so等。

●中考真题练习【例1】A month later, Christopher hadn’t heard from Jeff or received any money, s_________ he phoned him.（2004年中考）【分析】he phoned him是一个句子，前面又是个逗号，确定其为前句的从句，翻译一下句意就知道两句是因果关系：Christopher没有收到Jeff的来信，或任何钱，所以他打电话给他了。

确定填so。

【例2】I asked him w________ he was going and he said he was going to work.（2006年中考）【分析】he was going是I asked him的宾语从句，w开头的肯定是连接词，分析从句缺少的成分，go后可填疑问副词when或where，再看后文提示he was going to work，确定where而不是when。

首字母解题技巧解题技巧详解（一）从词性考查角度分析：1. 名词：单复数形式, 所有格的用法September 10th is Teachers’ Day.In autumn after a strong wind, the ground is often covered with fallen leaves.2. 动词：时态，语态的变化We could not run faster than cheetahs,so we invented cars and now we can move the fastest. When you laugh ,you will open your mouth and your teeth.3. 形容词、副词：比较等级的用法Last Sunday，we played happily in the park, though we were very tired.Summer is the hottest season of the year.4. 代词：单复数人称代词反身代词指示代词关系代词不定代词等的用法Help yourself to some fish，Jim.Mrs Green said to the twins .”Help yourselves to some fish please. ”This book belongs to Mary. It is hers.5. 连词：并列与从属连词的用法For years, we played other people’s songs, but now we play mostly our own songs.She didn’t go to school yesterday ,because she was ill.（二）从句子成分角度分析句子是按照一定的语法规律组成的，表达一个完整的意义。

一个句子一般由两部分构成，即主语部分和谓语部分，这两部分也叫做句子的主要成分。

首字母答题技巧及精选练习题首字母填空方法一．注意单词的正确形式：1.动词要注意时态，2.名词要注意单复数，3.形容词要注意比较级最高级和是否需要变成副词。

二．准确猜测本句的含义，然后想到相应的英语单词！解题妙招一. 关键词法。

准确找到关键词或符号二. 揣测句意法。

也可以称为结合语境法.三. 判断词性法。

也可称为句子成分判断法。

准确判断画横线要填的词在句子里做主语、谓语、宾语、定语、表语，这样有利于保证所填的词的正确形式万无一失。

四.推理法。

结合上下文的意思及上下文的逻辑关系推理判断该填的单词的正确形式。

五.固定搭配法。

非常常用的一种方法，读完一句话明确觉得是某个词组的固定搭配的运用，这是首字母填空中难度较小的一种题型。

六.句式法。

首字母填空经常会考察学生固定搭配的熟练运用。

例如it is +adj+for/of sb to do sth句式, too...to....句式, so....that....句式, one...the other...句式, spend some time/money on sth/doing sth, it take sb some time to do sth 四点注意事项1. 通读短文知大意，看整体全面了解. 了解文章的大意2. 复读短文抓信息，前后照应巧猜词. 构词知识或上、下文的意思加以猜测，来确定它的词义.3. 反复推敲多分析，慎重答题讲技巧.4. 认真复查全文，把握整体和词形. 前后是否呼应，有无句型结构及语法错误。

专练一Dogs are good pets. They are very f 1 to people and also very beautiful. Most dogs get on very well with c 2 and their parents. Others are good watch-dogs because they cry loudly when a s 3 arrives.When you buy a dog, an important thing to think about is its s 4 ——buy a small dog if your home is small and a bigger one if y 5 is larger. Many people don’t know how much to feed their dogs. Dogs eat a 6 anything! They like meat, rice and lots of other things. You can buy lots of food m 7 for dogs in shops. Don’t let your dogs eat too much. Feed it only once a day. Always leave water f l 8 your dog. It can get thirsty very quickly, especially in s 9 .Remember that dogs need e 10 . You should take it for a walk every day. Don’t keep your dog inside all day.1.__________2.__________3.__________4.__________5.__________6.__________7.__________8.__________9.__________ 10.__________专练二April Fools’ Day is on April 1st. People can play j 1 on others on this special d 2 . If you succeed, you usually laugh and say “April Fool!” The person who has been fooled by you l 3 too, and he will never be angry with you. Mother’s Day is on the second Sunday of May. It’s a day to t 4 mothers. On that day mothers usually receive flowers and cards from their children. Fathers and children do the housework so that mothers can have a r 5 .Easter Day falls on the first Sunday after the full moon which is on or after March 21st. It’s also called Easter Sunday. It is said that on that day Jesus Christ comes back to l 6 . Many people go to church and children often get p 7 .Thanksgiving Day is on the fourth Thursday in November. It’s a day when people give thanks for the good things in life. Usually families all get t8 and have a big dinner. Christmas Day comes on D 9 25th. It’s the most important festival in a year. The beautiful things can be s 10 everywhere. People exchange gifts, send Christmas cards and visit friends.1.__________2.__________3.__________4.__________5.__________6.__________7.__________8.__________9.__________ 10.__________专练三Once Effendi had a joke with the Prime Minister（首相）. He said the Minister w 1 die the next day. The next day, the Minister really f 2 off the horse and died. When the king h 3 of this, he got angry and sent his men to c4 Effendi at once.W 5 Effendi came, the king shouted a 6 “Effendi, since you knew when my minister would die, you must also know the date of your own death. Say it out, or you’ll die today.”Effendi l 7 at the king and answered, “But how can I know? I’ll die two days e 8 than you.”The king was a 9 that he would die if he killed Effendi. He thought he must keep Effendi alive（活着）as long as he could. So he l 10 him go.1.__________2.__________3.__________4.__________5.__________6.__________7.__________8.__________9.__________ 10.__________专练四In recent years, playing kite-board seems to become more and more popular in Alaska in America. It is a new and old game. The game has w 1 the interest of many young people. The game is interesting but a little d 2. One needs to play it very c 3 .A kite-board is in fact a skateboard（滑雪板）drawn（拉）by a few big flying kites. The old game was p 4 by some young people in Holland and Spain as e 5 as the last century. Since the board was hard to control, f 6 people dared（敢）to play it. With the development of the design of kite and skateboard, many people can l 7 how to play it. A kite board may go as f 8 as about 50 kilometers an hour. If you haven’t had any practice, you’d better not play it. It is not s9 .It is said that the game can exercise not only your b 10 but also the sensitivity of your brain（大脑的敏捷）.1.__________2.__________3.__________4.__________5.__________6.__________7.__________8.__________9.__________ 10.__________专练五Can animals be made to work for people? Some scientists think that one day animals may be trained to do a number of simple jobs i 1 of people. They say that at a circus（杂技场）,for example, we may see elephants, monkeys, dogs and other animals doing q 2 skillful（熟练的）things. Perhaps you have seen them on the television or in a film. If you watch closely, you may find that the trainer always g 3 the animal some sugar o 4 a piece of fruit as a reward. The scientists say that many d 5 animals may be trained to do a lot of simple things if they know they will get a reward f 6 doing that.Of course, as we know, dogs can be trained to look after a house, and soldiers in both old and modern t 7 have u 8 geese to give warning（警报）by m 9 a lot of noise when an enemy comes near. And also it may be possible to train animals to work in families or f 10 .1.__________2.__________3.__________4.__________5.__________6.__________7.__________8.__________9.__________ 10.__________专练六Food is very important. Everyone needs to e__1__ well if he or she wants to have a strong body. Our minds also need a kind of food. This kind of food is k__2__. We begin to get knowledge even w__3__ we are very young. Small children arei__4__ in everything around them. They learn s__5__ while they are watching and listening. When they are getting older, they begin to r__6__ story books, science books…, anything they like. When they find something new, they love to ask questions and t__7__ to find out answers. What is the best __8__ to get knowledge? If we learn by ourselves, we will get __9__ knowledge. If we are always getting answers from others and do not ask w__10__, we will never learn well. When we study in the right way, we will learn more and understand better.1.__________2.__________3.__________4.__________5.__________6.__________7.__________8.__________9.__________ 10.__________专练七why are we always tired, do you know? Firstly if we can't sleep w 1 ,we will be tired．But we are often too b 2 ．we can't f 3 our work in the day and we must do it at n 4 ．we go to bed l 5 and get up e 6 ．so we can't sleep well．Most people need at 1east eight hours and some more．If we sleep for only five or six hours a night, we will be tired．Secondly, when we are ill we will be t 7 ．But we don't know we are ill．so if you are always tired, perhaps you are not so h 8 ．You'd better go to see a doctor．Thirdly, perhaps you can't eat some kinds of food like eggs, nuts, meat, chocolate or coffee．If you are ill and tired after eating some food, please don't eat it a 9 longer．But please eat more if you are well．At last, if the air around you isn't nice and clean，you will feel tired．So please open your w 10 often or go out for a walk and you will feel better．1.__________2.__________3.__________4.__________5.__________6.__________7.__________8.__________9.__________ 10.__________专练八Hearing the strange noise from the back of the car, the driver got out to have a look. He looked over the car. But as he found n 1 wrong, he went on his way. Thenoise began almost at the same time and now it was l 2 than ever. Quickly turning his head, he saw t 3 seemed to be a great black cloud following the car. Later on, he was stopped and told that a queen-bee （蜂王）m 4 be hidden in his car asthere were millions of bees nearby.The man drove away as q 5 as possible, hoping to get away from the bees. After an hour's hard driving, he stopped his car o 6 a hotel and went in to have a drink. As soon as he sat down, he was t 7 that his car was covered with bees. The p 8 driver had to telephone the police for h 9 . A bee keeper was found and he was very g 10 to be asked to take the queen and her bees home.1.__________2.__________3.__________4.__________5.__________6.__________7.__________8.__________9.__________ 10.__________专练九Most people want to work, but it has become m 1 difficult in today's world to find work for e 2 The economies(经济)of the world n 3 to grow by 4% each year just to keep the old number of jobs for people. Often this is not p 4 and so more people are w 5 work. Some people have no jobs now because new machines can d 6 the work of many people in a shorter time. Also, machines don't ask for more money and l 7 holidays. In all of the countries of the world machines are taking work from people, not only in factories but also on f 8 One machine can often do the work of forty people. About 75000 people are m 9 to the cities a day to look for jobs, but o 10 70% of them can find jobs.1.__________2.__________3.__________4.__________5.__________6.__________7.__________8.__________9.__________ 10.__________专练十Someone says, “Time is money,” but I think time is even more i 1 than money. Why? Because when money is s 2 we can get it b 3 However, when time is g 4 it’ll never return. That’s w 5 we mustn’t waste(浪费) time. It’s sure that the t 6 is usually limited(有限的).Even a second is very important. We should make full use of our time to do something u 7 But some people don’t know the importance of time. They spend their limited time smoking, drinking and playing. They do not know that wasting time means wasting part of their own l 8In a word, we should s ave time, we shouldn’t l 9 today’s work for tomorrow. Remember we have no time to l 10 .1.__________2.__________3.__________4.__________5.__________6.__________7.__________8.__________9.__________ 10.__________专练十一The u 1 means the earth, the sun, the moon and the stars and the space b 2 them. Many of the stars are so f 3 away that we can not see them. The moon, our satellite, travels a 4 the earth. It has already been visited b 5 man from the earth. Man-made satellites have been sent up i 6 space by many countries. They go round the earth. They are used for helping us to learn more a 7 the earth, the weather and other things. They are also used for sending and r 8 messages. It makes people f 9 different countries understand each other much better. So people say the world itself is becoming a much s 10 place. People call the small place “the global village”.1.__________2.__________3.__________4.__________5.__________6.__________7.__________8.__________9.__________ 10.__________专练十二Which animal do we need m 1 ? Dogs? Horses? No! The a 2 to the question is cows. Why cows? Cows give us milk. And milk is one of our most important k 3 of food.Suppose(假设)that all the milk cows make in one year were put i 4 bottles. And suppose these bottles were put side by side. The line of bottles would go all around the world 400 t 5 That is a lot of milk, less than half of it is used for d 6 and cooking. Most of it is u 7 to make butter cheese, ice cream and many other things. It takes many cows to give us that m 8 milk. But not as many as it used to. A cow used to give only about 1,500 quarts(夸脱)of milk a year. Now a fine cow may g 9 more than 3,000 quarts in a year.Why do cows give more milk today? Now farmers have better cows. The cows get better c 10 and better food.1.__________2.__________3.__________4.__________5.__________6.__________7.__________8.__________9.__________ 10.__________专练十三Climbing a mountain is hard work. But one step after another finally brings a person to the t 1 . Along the way, he can stop and look a 2 . And the h 3 he climbs, the more wonderful his view(视野) is. If he keeps climbing, he will have a new world before him. He will have a new way of t 4 everything.Now learning a f 5 language is something like climbing a mountain. This new language can give you a new view of life. And it is more than a look at the surface(表面) of things. It can open the way into people’s minds and hearts, into a culture(文化) very d 6 from the one of your own. This will make you richer, e 7 in things that money can’t buy. Even though you never set foot on a ship or a plane, you can be an armchair w 8 through books.Like the mountain climber who stops now and then to l 9 at the scenery aroundhim, everyone who is interested in reading will find p 10 in books as he fights on to learn more and more of that new language.1.__________2.__________3.__________4.__________5.__________6.__________7.__________8.__________9.__________ 10.__________专练十四Traveling to all countries of the world gets easier and easier, but how well do we know and u 1 each other? Here is a simple test. Imagine(设想) you will hold a m 2 at four o’clock, what time should you e 3 your foreign business friends to come? If they are German, they will a 4 on time. If they are American, they’ll probably be fifteen minutes early. If they are British, they’ll be fifteen minutes late.The British seemed to think since the English l 5 was widely used in the world, what they did was certain to be widely understood. Very soon they f 6 they were completely(完全地) wrong. For e 7 , the British are happy to have a business lunch and discuss business matters with a drink during the meal; the Japanese p 8 not to work while eating. Lunch is a time for them to relax and get to know e 9 other, and they don’t drink at lunch. The Germans like to talk about business b10 dinner; the French like to eat first and talk afterwards. They have to be well fed and watered before they discuss anything.1.__________2.__________3.__________4.__________5.__________6.__________7.__________8.__________9.__________ 10.__________专练十五Last May I stayed in Santo Lusa for a week. That was my f 1 trip there. One morning I p 2 to visit a famous museum, but I didn’t know w 3 wayto go, so I stopped a stranger and asked, “Excuse me, does this street lead(通向)to the Grand Museum?” “Yes,” he answered. “Go along this street and turn left at th e second crossing. You can’t m 4 it”. So I w 5 two blocks(街区) and turned to my left, but the museum w 6 there. Then I asked a second stranger. He said, “Go along this street and turn left at the second crossing.” But a7 I couldn’t find the museum. I asked a third stranger and he said the same thing.This time I found the Grand Museum. Just then s 8 walked up and said. “Excuse me. Where’s the nearest b9 ?” I answered q10 , “Go along this street and turn left at the second cross ing!”1.__________2.__________3.__________4.__________5.__________6.__________7.__________8.__________9.__________ 10.__________专练十六Most American families are smaller than the families in other countries. Most American families have one or two p 1 and one or two children each. Children in the US will leave their parents’ home when they grow up. They usually live f 2 from their parents because they want to find good jobs. They often write to their parents or t 3 them. And they often go to v 4 their parents on holiday.Parents usually l 5 their children choose their own jobs. Americans think i6 important for young people to decide on their lives by t 7Children are a 8 to do some work around their house. And in many families, children are p 9 for doing some housework so that they learn how to make money for their own u 101.__________2.__________3.__________4.__________5.__________6.__________7.__________8.__________9.__________ 10.__________专题十七At different times in a man's life his food has different effects (影响) on his body. Among children f 1 is quickly changed to the power(力量) to run and play games. Most of a young man's food is spent on growing t 2 ; We grow upwards only d 3 the first twenty years of our l 4 , not later. Working men get their strong bodies from their food; and if they work h 5 , they do not get fat. Office workers eat well and s 6 down a lot, and may begin to grow fat when s 7 quite young. Many older people t 8 to work much and walk often. P 9 the most difficult time is when a man r 10 sixty years of age. His body and mind b 11 restful, without much work or interest. That is when food changes quickly to f 12 .1.__________2.__________3.__________4.__________5.__________6.__________7.__________8.__________9.__________ 10.__________专题十八之童话故事、The Fox and the GrapesOne hot summer’s day a certain Fox saw a juicy（晶莹剔透的）bunch of Grapes hanging from a vine.It certainly was very hot, and the Fox was thirsty for s__1__ to drink. “These Grapes are just what I n_2__ to quench（遏制解渴终止）my thirst! ” said the Fo x.But the vine on which the Grapes hung was t__3__high for him to reach even with his longest stretch（伸长）. S__4__he decided to jump.Drawing back a f__5__paces, he ran towards the vine and took a great big leap （跳跃跃过）, b__6__missed the Grapes.Turing around, he jumped again. This time too, with n__7__success.The Fox t__8__ried to jump for the Grapes again and again and yet again and again, in vain（徒劳）.Since he could not reach the delicious-looking Grapes, the Fox finally concluded （总结结论）, “Th ese Grapes m__9__ be sour! ”and walked away with his nose inthe air（趾高气昂）, through hotter and e__10__ thirstier than before!1.__________2.__________3.__________4.__________5.__________6.__________7.__________8.__________9.__________ 10.__________练习答案专练一答案1.friendly2.children3.stranger4.size5.yours6.almost7.made8.for9.summer 10.exercise.专练二答案1. jokes2. day3. laughs4. thank5. rest6. life7. presents8. together9. December 10. seen 专练三答案1. would2. fell3. heard4. catch5. when6. angrily7. looked8. earlier9. afraid 10. let专练四答案1. won2. difficult/dangerous3. carefully4. played5. early6. few7. learn8. fast9. safe 10. body专练五1. instead2. quite3. gives4. or5. different6. for7. times8. used9. making 10. factories专练六答案1. eat2. knowledge3.when 4 interested 5. something 6. read 7. try 8. way 9. most 10. why专练七答案1.well2.busy3.finish4.night5.1ate6.early7.tired8.healthy9. any 10.window/windows练习八1. nothing2. louder3. there4. must5. quickly6. outside7. told8. poor9. help 10. glad专练九.1. more2. everybody3. need4. possible5. without6. do7. longer8. farms9. moving 10. only专练十1. important2. spent3. back4. gone5. why6. time7. useful8. lives9. leave 10. lose专练十一1. universe2. between3. far4. around5. by6. into7. about8. receiving9. from 10. smaller专练十二1 most2．answer 3．kinds 4．into 5．times 6．drinking 7．used 8．much 9．gi ve 10．Care专练十三1.top2. around3. higher4. thinking5. foreign6. different7. even8. walking9. look 10. pleasure专练十四1. understand2. meeting3. expect4. arrive5. language6. found7. example8. prefer9. each 10. before专练十五1. first2. planed3. which4. miss5. walked6. wasn’t7. again8.somebody/someone 9. band/bus-stop/bookstore/bar 10. quickly专练十六1. parents 2. far 3. telephone 4. visit 5. let 6. it 7. themselves 8. asked 9. paid 10. use专题十七1.food2. tall3. during4. lives5. hard6. sit7. still8. try9. Perhaps 10. reaches 11. become 12. fat专题十八1. something2.need3.too4. so5.few6.but7.no8.tried9.must 10. even。