15 Tourism
Exercises E-C
Put the following sentences into Chinese.
1. Tropical plants, sandy desert, waterfallls, craters and caves make the 780-square-kilometer Hawaiian National Park a tourist attraction.
热带植物、沙漠、瀑布、火山口、山洞使780平方公里的夏威夷国家公园成为一个旅游圣地。
2. In those sections of the state which lie above the Arctic Circle, Alaska still is a land of icebergs and polar bears. Ice mass lie buried in the earth, which is permaneytly frozen to a depth of ninety or more meters.
阿拉斯加州位于北极圈，其北部地区现在仍然是冰山和北极熊盘踞之地，大冰块掩藏在下面，常年冰冻，其厚度达90余米。
3. Together with the Missouri, its chief western branch, the Mississippi flows some 6,400 kilomers from its northern sources in the Rocky Mountains to the Gulf of Mexico, which makes it one of the world's longest waterways.
密西西比河与其主要分支密苏里河一起，从其主要发源地洛矶山脉起，流程约6，400公里，注入墨西哥湾，是世界上最长的水上航道之一。
4. In 1872, Yellowstone became the world's first national park. It is a wonderful land which has intrigued the minds of men and moved them, inspired them.
1872年黄石成为世界上第一个国家公园。这里是一片神奇的土地，它激发了人们的情感，鼓舞着他们，鞭策着他们。
5. The Great Lakes are the largest group of lakes in the world, covering 95,170 square miles in surface, draining an area of 295,200 square miles and flowing to the sea at a rate of 240,000 cubic feet per second - more than the Seine, Thames and Danube combined.
北美洲五大湖是世界上最大的湖泊群，占地面积9.517万平方英里，流域面积29.52万平方英里，以每秒24万立方英尺的流速流入大海－比塞纳河、泰晤士河、多瑙河加起来的流速还要快。
6. Perhaps no scene can equal the Grand Canyon of the Colorado. There, for a million and a half years, the great river has been gouging through the mountain rocks.
也许没有任何风景要与科罗拉多大峡谷相媲美，150万年来，这条大河一直从那里穿岩而过。
7. Modern exploration of the upper part of the Nile began in about 1837 when Mohammed Ali, the Turkish ruler of Egypt, ordered a search to be made for the river's source.
对尼罗河上游的现代探险大约开始于1837年，当时在埃及的土耳其统治者穆罕默德阿里发布命令探索尼罗河的发源地。
8. A half million visitors go to Death Valley each year, to look at its magnificently varied scenery and to recapture the flavor of those days of privation and hardship which gave the valley its name.
死谷以当年人们在此遇到的艰难困苦而得名，现在每年有50万游客到死谷去领略那变幻无穷的风景，重新体验当时艰难困苦的滋味。
9. Yellowstone National Park was designated an International Biosphere Reserve in 1976 and a World Heritage Site in 1978 by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO).
黄石公园1976年被联合国教科文组织定为国际自然保护区，1978年又被列为世界文化遗产。
10. If your idea of a museum is dusty row of glass cases, or rooms full of poorly lit paintings, you'll be surprised when you visit some of the museums in the United States.
如果你认为博物馆只不过是一排落满灰尘的玻璃柜，或是一些光线暗淡的藏画室，那么当你参观美国的一些博物馆时，你会感到吃惊。
Exercises C-E
1. 西安的一日五游原来是为了方便游客游览古都的名胜古迹，但却引起了不少投诉，并因乱收费而败坏了名誉。Visiting 5 places a day in Xi'an was originally intended to make it convenient for tourists to visit the scenic spots and historical sites of the anient capital. But it causes many complaints and is defamed because of unreasonable charge.
2. 黄浦江发源于嘉兴，流经上海市区在吴淞与长江汇合，全长八十公里，平均宽度为四百米。
The Huangpu River, rising in Jiaxing, flows through Shanghai City and joins Yangtze at Wusong. Its entire length is 80 km and the average width 400m.
3. 一九八九年在深圳建成了中国第一家主题公园锦绣中华，从而在全国范围内激起了开办主题公园的兴趣。
In 1989, the first theme park, Splendid China was established in Shenzhen, which aroused the nation-wide interest of setting up theme parks.
4. 中国五十六个民族的风俗和文化是中国的宝贵财富，也是中国最重要的旅游资源之一。
The various customs and cultures of 56 nationalities in China are valuable wealth of China and also one of the most important tourist resources.
5. 自对公众开放以来，大连森林动物园已吸引了众多海内外游客前来参观。如果您的时间只允许您游览城市的几个景点的话，它当然是您的最佳选择。
Dalian Forest Zoo has drawn lots of tourists home and abroad since it was open to the public. If your time only permits you to visit a few scenic spots of the city, of course it is the best place you'll choose.
6. 西双版纳是热带雨林气候，阳光充足、雨水充沛，因为美丽的亚热带风光和独特的民族风情而闻名。因为那里丰富的动植物资源，它还享有“动植物王国”的美誉。
Blessed with a tropical rain forest climate with abundant sunshine and rainfall, Xishuangbanna is noted for beautiful subtropical scenery and unique ethnic customs. It also enjoys a good reputation of "Kingdom of Plants and Animals" because of its plentiful plant and animal resources.
7. 中国国际旅行社创立于一九五八年六月一日，是全国闻名的A级旅行社。它有着丰富的接待经验和覆盖世界的网络，每年可接待海外游客二十八万人次。
Chinese International Travel Agency, founded on June 1 1958, is the first-rate notable travel agency throughout the country. It boasts a great deal of reception experience and world-wide internet, and can receive 280,000 overseas tourists each year.
8. 上海是东亚季风气候，东面环海，气候温暖湿润，四季分明。
Shanghai, enclosed on east side by the sea, has an eastern Asian monsoon climate which is warm and humid with four different seasons.
9. 在长江下游地区和太湖沿岸有一座拥有两千五百年历史的古城－苏州，它也是吴文化的摇篮。说到苏州，人们就会
提起那句老话：“上有天堂，下有苏杭”。
Suzhou, located along the Taihu Lake and in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River,is an ancient city with a history of 2,500 years and also the cradle of Wu civilization. To speak of Suzhou, people are likely to mention the old saying:"Up above there is Paradise, down here there are Suzhou and Hangzhou."
10. 从汉代起，西安就已经是一座在中外国际交流中十分重要的城市。著名的丝绸之路始于此地。
Since Han Dynasty, Xi'an has been a very important city in the international exchange of China and foreign countries. The famous ancient Silk Road started here.
16 Economy
1. One industry which has done much to rejuvenate the economy of the South since the end of the Second World War is the very important oil industry.
二战以来，对重振南方经济做出重大贡献的是非常的石油工业。
2. In the five states of Arkasas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Oklahoma and Texas, crude oil production almost doubled from 1,272,782,000 barrels in 1950 to 2,480,764,000 barrels in 1972.
在阿肯色州，路易斯安娜州，密西西比州，俄克拉荷马州，德克萨斯州五个州中，1972年的原油产量为2,480,764,000桶，几乎是1950年的1,272,782,000的两倍。
3. Never far from bearish minds is the 1987 crash, which saw the Dow Jones Industrial Average plunge 508 points on Black Monday.
人们心中挥之不去的是1987年股票市场的崩溃，在那个黑色星期一，道琼斯工业平均指数暴跌508点。
4. During the last half of the 1980s, Japanese companies based much of their expansion around the world on the wildly inflated values of the Tokyo Stock Exchange and Japan's frenzied real estate market.
在80年代上半叶，日本公司基于东京股票交易所的疯狂升值和疯狂的地产市场在全世界扩张。
5. With intellectual property now accounting for more than 25% of U.S exports, protection against international piracy ranks high on the government's trade agenda.
在现代美国的对外出口中，智力财产已占有25%的份额。反国际盗版在美国政府贸易日程表上被放在了重要位置。6. Some economists hold that Asia has begun what will be a lengthy journey to stability and recovery, a process which will last for at least the next year.
有些经济学认为亚洲已经踏上通知稳定和复苏的漫长道路，这个过程将持续最少十年。
7. Now the official trading and business currency of eleven European countries, the euro won't be the official cash currency in these nations until January 1st, 2002.
现在，欧盟十一国中官方贸易贸易——欧元，在2002年1月1日前将不会在那些国家中成为官方货币。
8. Before I came here, I learned from a TV program that China's foreign trade has developed remarkably and the kinds of export
goods have much increased.
在这之前，从一个电视节目中我了解到中国的外贸已有了飞速发展，各种出口物资大大增加。
9. Without sufficient evidence to support, your claim is untenable, and we can see no point in pursuing it further.
没有足够的证据支持，你的主张是站不住脚的，也没有必要进一步去坚持。
10. Although we are keen to meet your requirements, we regret that we are unable to comply with your request to reduce the prices as our prices are closely calculated.
我方虽非常希望能满足贵方的要求，但遗憾的是我方不能接受贵方降低价格的要求，因为我方价格是精确计算出来的。Exercises C-E
1、尽管我们对过去的贸易合作感到满意，但还有扩大双边贸易的可能。我此次来访的目的就是探讨发展双方的贸易前景，讨论过去所出现的一些问题
Although we are satisfied with the past trade cooperation, there is still possibility of expanding bilateral trade. The purpose of my visit this time is to inquire into the prospect of bilateral trade development and to discuss some problems appearing in the past.
2、我们相信本公司极具竞争力的价格、完美的设计及产品极高的品质，必将确保销售量的稳定上升。
We believe that the competitive price, perfect design and the supreme quality of the products will ensure the stable increase of sales volume.
3、世界银行的使命是建立一种机制，为恢复和发展经济提供长期所需的外汇。
The mission of the World Bank is to establish a kind of framework to provide long-term foreign exchange for economic recovery and development.
4、债券实际上是发行公司的一种长期债务，公司要隔一定的时间，比如说一年或半年，会利息给持有者。
Bond is actually a kind of long-term dabt of company of issue. The company will pay owners interest at certain intervals, for example, one year or a half.
5、从以往来看，中国开展对外贸易的目的在于为自己的工业化获得资本货物，克服国内生产的严重短缺和瓶颈以及促进其政策和外交目标的实现。
Seen from the past, the purpose of China's developing foreign trade lies in gaining capital goods for its own indutrialization and overcoming the serious shortage in domestic production and help to achieve the goal of its policy and diplomacy.
6、在今年的前三个月中，这个高科技开发区批准了总价值为一亿七千美元的十四个来自台湾的投资项目。
In the first three months this year, this high-tech development zone approved of the 14 investment items from Taiwan with the total value of 170,000,000 dollars.
7、我们坚持必须遵守我方条款，若无法做到这一点，十分抱歉，我们将不得不取消定单。
We insist on your complying with our terms. If you fail to do so, we are sorry that we will have to cancel the order.
8、近年来，中国政府制定了一系列法规，为外国投资者提供了更多的方便。
In recent years, Chinese government has made a series of laws and regulations for the covenience of foreign investors.
9、我们主张在一切国际经济事务方面，发展中国家都应有充分的发言权。
We maitain that the developing countries should have enough say in any aspect of international economic affairs.
10、我们两国在农业、渔业和地质等领域有着光明的合作前景。
Our two countries have bright prospects of cooperation in the fields of argriculture, fishery ,geology and so on.
17 Education Exercises
E-C
1、Further education includes all kinds of educational studies and activities, formal and informal, except full-time secondary education and university deucation, for persons of any age beyond compulsory school age.
继续教育包括对超过义务教育年龄的人所进行的各种接受教育的学习和活动，无论正式与否。全日制的中学教育和大学教育除外。
2、US public primary and secondary schools have always been financed by local taxes levied by the city or town.
美国公立中小学一直都是由当地市镇的税收提供资金的。
3、In university course selections, women are entering some professional programs in increasing numbers, but their participation remains low in fields traditionally choose by men: engineering, mathematics and sciences.
在大学课程的选修中，正在涉足某些职业项目的女性日益增加，但是在传统上由男性所选择的工程、数学和理科领域，她们的参与率仍然维持在低水平。
4、Education is compulsory from ages five to sixteen and public education is free to all children in the elementary and sedondary grades.
五至十六岁接受教育是强制性的，公办教育对中小学的所有学生都是免费的。
5、Public schools, which provide education for about 88% of American children, have brought the American ideals of universal education and equal opportunity for all closest to realization.
为大约88％的美国儿童提供教育的公立学校使美国人普及教育、机会均等的理想基本实现。
6、American education on the college level is provided by more than 3,000 institutions. They range in size from very small schools serving only a few hundred to huge state universities with student bodies exceeding 40,000.
美国的大学教育是由3000多个机构提供的，其规模有只有数百名学生的小学校，也有学生总数超过40000名的国立大学。
7、Universities are regarded as ivory towers and consequently enjoy total academic freedom. For instance, university authorities are in complete control of admission, the contents of the curriculum, teaching methods, awarding degrees and the appointment of staff.
大学被视为象牙塔，所以完全享有学术自主权。比如，学校方面完全控制着入学、教学计划内容、教学方法、学位的
授予和员工的任命。
8、English Language Teaching Contacts Scheme for China List is a British Countil China on-line discussion group for Chinese English language teaching professionals with an interest in developing themselves and sharing views on ELT.
“中国英语教学研讨接触计划”是为志在发展自我、交流英语教学的中国英语教学职业人员而设立的英中在线研讨团体。
9、Experts say that private consultants are gaining in popularity because more high school students want to go to college and feel they need a competitive edge to help them get in.
专家们说家庭教师越来越受欢迎，因为更多的中学生想上大学同时感到需要一把利刃帮助他们进入大学校门。
10、Oxford University attracts schools from many parts of the world to join its teaching and research staff, and also values important role of overseas graduate students in providing intellectual, stimulation and creating and maintaining academic links with colleges abroad.
牛津大学吸引着来自世界许多地方的学者加入它的教师教研队伍，并且重视海外研究生在增进知识和与国外大学建立并保持学术关系方面所起的重要作用。
17 Education Exercises C-E
1、落后的教育和人才的缺乏是妨碍中国成功实施西部大开发战略的最大障碍。
The backward education and the shortage of qualified personnel are big barriers to the successful fulfillment of China's intensive development strategy of the wetern regions.
2、中国即将加入世界贸易组织，中国的教育必须满足国际交流的需要。
Since China is on the verge of entering into the WTO, its education must satisfy the needs of international exchange.
3、教育部、财政部和国家发展计划委员会于近期联合颁布了一项公告，规定改变我国农村地区的学费。
A recent proclamation jointly issued by the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Finance, and the State Development and Planning Commission states that the tuition fees in the rural areas of our country will be changed.
4、在今年毕业的四百多名研究生中，已有约三分之一选择了到中国西部地区工作，为我国的西部大开发战略贡献力量。Approximately one-third of the more than 400 graduate students who received their degrees this year have chosen to work in the western parts of China in order to contribute to our country's grant development strategy of the western regions.
5、这是一所国家重点大学，宽阔的校园坐落在南运河边。能否被录取要看学习成绩和个人表现而定。
It is a key national university whose broad campus is located near the bank of Nanyun River. Admission depends on the applicants' test scores and their personal qualifications.
6、十月十八日教育部的一位官员在福州说，到2005年中国的大学生将在今年的基础上增加两百余万，达到四百多万名。
An official from the Ministry of Education revealed in Fuzhou on October 18 that in 2005, the number of China's university students will increase by more than 2 million. This year's figure amounts to more than 4 million.
7、由中国教育国际交流协会主办的首届中国教育国际论坛于2000年11月10日在北京举行。此次教育论坛主题为“二十一世纪信息技术的发展对教育的挑战”。
The First China International Forum on Education sponsored by the China Education Association for International Exchange
was held in Beijing on November 10 2,000. The main topic of the forum was "Challenges to the Education from the IT Development in the 21st Century".
8、教育部近日发布了《教师资格条件》实施办法。根据教师法的规定，只有具备教师资格的人员，方可在各类学校和其他教育机构中从事教学工作。
The Regulations for the Enforcement of Qualifications for Teachers' was issued recently by the Ministry of Education. According to the stipulations of the "Law for Teachers", only those who are qualified can be engaged in the teaching job at schools of all kinds and other educational institutions.
9、今年的研究生考试报名工作近日结束。据悉，今年研究生报名规模大幅度增长达12万人。其中硕士生为9.5万人。今年的录取工作将比以往更符合招生计划和考试结果的实际情况。
The work concerning this year's application for the graduate qualification test has been finished recently. It is said that the number of the applicants this year sharply increased to 120,000, 92,000 of which were for Master's degrees. The admission work this year will be even more suitable for the admission plan and the actual examination result.
10、全国高等教育自学考试指导委员会日前在北京宣布，计划筹资一千万元，用八年时间组织西部地区的一万名农村小学教师完成小学教育专业大学自学考试。
The Guiding Committee of the National Higher Education Examination Program for the Self-taught announced recently in Beijing that they would allocate ten million yuan for organizing ten thousand rural primary school teachers in the western regions to fulfill the junior-college-level self-taught examination for the specialty of primary education in a period of 8 years.
18 Environmental Protection
Exercises E-C
1、To save humans and other creatures on earth, to protect the natural environment for ourselves and our descendants, we must stop the foolish practice of discharging sewage into streams, rivers,lakes and seas.
为了拯救人类及其他地球生物，保护我们和子孙后代的自然环境，我们必须制止向江、河、湖、海倾倒垃圾的愚蠢行径。
2、Mandatory measures must be reinforced by authorized departments and severe penalties must be imposed on those who defy regulations.
指定部门必有加强强制性措施，对违规者必须进行严厉处罚。
3、People worry that due to heat accumulation in the atmosphere as a result of ever-increasing carbon dioxide and other pollutants released to the atmosphere, the ice field covering Antarctica and Greenland will ultimately dissolve, causing the sea level to rise by more than 200 feet and flood large tracts of land where human inhabit.
人们担心大气层由于二氧化碳激增招致的热能的积聚以及其它释放于大气层的污染物，覆盖于南极和格陵兰的冰川终将融化，由此导致海平面上升200多英尺，并淹没人类居留的广袤土地。
4、A green product is one that has less impact on the environment. So that means that it might use less resources, it may create less wasate, and be more energy efficient.
绿色产品就是对环境影响较小的产品，这就意味着耗费较少的资源，会产生较少的废物，并且更充分地利用能源。
5、In the international meeting held in Kyoto, Japan were reported to have temporarily agreed to cut down their carbon dioxide emissions by a few percent based on the 1990 amount.
据报道，美国、日本和一些欧盟发达国家最近在日本京都召开的一次国际会议上达成临时协议，在1990年定量基础上削弱其二氧化碳排放量的几个百分点。
6、The past decade has been the warmest for 1,000 years, according to an analysis of ice cores drilled from a glacier in the Himalayas. The findings, which were published in Science, offer new evidence of global warming.
根据对自喜马拉雅冰川钻取的冰芯所做的分析，过去十年是千年以来最温暖的十年，发表于《科学》杂志上的这一发现为全球变暖提供了新的证据。
7、Our goal is that when you walk into every grocery-store, every mass merchandiser all over the country, you have a choice between environmentally safe, recycled, non-toxic products, and regular products.
我们的目标是你走遍全国任何一家杂货铺和大众商店，都可在环保型、再生型、无毒型产品和常规型产品间做出选择。
8、As the world's two biggest producers of toxic emissions which result in global warming, the US and China have a special responsibility to act together to reduce these threats to our environment.
作为世界上两个最大的导致全球变暖的毒气排放国，中国和美国有责任共同协作，以减少对环境的威胁。
9、As the American economy grew into the world's largest, our environmental problems mounted until in 1963, we passed the Clean Air Act, and two years later the Water Pollution Control Act.
由于美国发展成为世界头号经济强国，其环境问题不断增加；到1963年，国家通过了空气净化法案，两年后又通过了水污染控制法。
10、In the past thirty years, we have developed many leading-edge technologies to clean up environmental damage and to prevent pollution before it damages our natural heritage.
过去三十年间，我们发展了多六尖端技术，以修复对环境的破坏，并且制止污染，以免毁损我们的自然遗产。
Exercises C-E
1、人口的增长导致对世界上固定的空气、水、土地的需求不断增长。与人口增长相伴的是越来越多的人渴望着更高的生活水平。
Polution expansion leads to the increasing demand for fixed air, water and land. It naturally follows that more and more people long for high living standard.
2、我们的观点是环境保护必须与经济和社会发展协调进行。
Our idea is that environmental protection should well coordinate with the social and economical development.
3、多年以来中国政府在保持生态平衡、保护环境、消灭贫困、控制人口增长和改善人民的生活条件等方面作出了不遗余力的努力。
For many years the Chinese government has done its utmost in the aspects of maintaining ecological balance, protecting environment, getting rid of poverty, controlling population increase and improving people's living standard.
4、中国首都北京已拟定了一项雄心勃勃的计划，到2005年把城市绿地面积提高到百分之四十，到2010年绿地面积将达到百分之四十五。根据市政府的这项计划，五年后北京市居民人均绿地面积为十平方米，十年后达到十五平方米。Beijing, the capital of China, has made an ambitious plan to raise the area of urban greenery patches to 40% and by the year
2010, it will reach 45%. According to this plan of the city government, in 5 years, each citizen of Beijing will possess an area of 10 square meters of greenery patches, and in ten years 15 square meters.
5、中国科学院的一位专家在周二指出在今后的几年中，中国将会经历更多的沙尘暴，其中一些会有很强的破坏性。An expert of the Chinese Academy of Sciences pointed out on Tuesday that in the next few years, China will meet with more sand and dust storms, many of which will be very damaging.
6、华南的风景胜地桂林因其明澈的河水与壮美的山峰而闻名于世。最近桂林发起了一场募捐运动来保护它的主要河流：漓江。
Guilin, the scenic spot of southern China, is world famous for its clear river and magnificent mountains. Recently, it has launched a movement of solicit contribution to protect Lijiang, its main river.
7、朱镕基总理曾说过中国应动员全民参加植树造林运动，使祖国的山水更加美丽葱郁。
Premier Zhu Rongji once said China should call on the whole nation for a movement of afforestation to make our rivers and mountains more verdant and beautiful.
8、中国正在建造一个网络，通过使用遥感技术、全球定位系统和地理信息系统来监测长江三角洲的水土流失问题。China is building a network to watch the problem of soil erosion in the Changjiang delta by applying the remote sensing technology, the global locating system and the geographical information system.
9、国家环保局最近的一次调查表明华东主要湖泊太湖的严重污染问题已初步得到了控制。
A recent investigation of the environmental Protection Agency shows that the serious pollution problem of Taihu Lake has preliminarily been brought under control.
10、第七届国际环保展览大会将于明年六月在北京国际展览中心举行。为期四天的展会将展示先进的环保技术与设备，如清洁的煤炭产品、污水处理和垃圾利用技术。
The Seventh International Conference on Environmental Protetion will be held in the Beijing International Exhibition Center in June next year. The four days of Exhibition will display advanced technology and equipments of environmental protection, like clean coal products, sewage disposal and garbage utilization technology.
19 Politics
Exercises E-C
1、The number of Americans who approve of the President's job performance has dropped from 73% to 60% according to a new poll.
根据新的民意测验，对美国总统工作表现满意的美国人数从73％下降到63％。
2、If the president is reelected, it is largely on the basis of the past－the state of the nation during his incumbency－rather than his promises for the future.
如果总统重新当选，主要是根据过去－他任职期间国家的状况－而不是他对将来的承诺。
3、More than any other bilateral relationship, that between the UK and the USA permeates all areas of British foreign policy. 与别的双边关系相比，英国与美国的双边关系更是涉及英国外交政策的各个方面。
4、The US Constitution, which was drafted in 1787 and adopted in 1788, is the oldest written constitution still in effect.
1787年起草，1788年通过的美国宪法是最早的迄今仍有效的成文宪法。
5、These women are engaged in a battle that has been waged for most of the past decade. It concerns a major question of public policy: whether to add an amendment to the US Constitution guaranteeing women legal equality with men.
这些妇女正在进行一场在过去十年的大部分时间内一直在进行的斗争，它关系到公共政策的一个重要问题：美国宪法是否要增加修正案来保证妇女与男人在法律上平等。
6、Public interest groups have come to play an mportant role in American political process. Although most of these citizen advocacy groups are concerned with consumer and environmental affairs, others work in such diverse areas as defense spending, welfare reform, and civil liberties.
公共利益集团在美国政治变化过程中逐渐起重要作用。尽管大部分的社会公益团体关心的是消费者和环保事物，还有其他一些工作在诸如国防开支，福利改革，公民权这些不同领域。
7、The President and Hillary Clinton plan an intensified grass-roots campaign to build public support.
总统和希拉里克林顿计划一次声势浩大的平民运动来赢得公众的支持。
8、I believe there is a new era in relations between Britain and China, which will be a benefit not just for our two countries, but also to the world.
我相信，中英关系进入了一个新时代，这不仅对我们两国有利，对世界也有利。
9、"A memorandum of Understanding Between the United Nations and the Republic of Iraq" calls for the immediate, unrestricted and unconditional access for UN weapon inspectors in Iraq.
“联合国与伊拉克共和国备忘录”要求联合国武器监察员能够立即无限制、无条件地进入伊拉克。
10、South African President Nelson Mandela has arrived in Beijing for a landmark visit. Mr. Mandela is the first South African leader to pay an official visit to the Mainland.
南非总统尼尔森曼德拉已经抵达北京进行具有里程碑意义的访问。曼德拉先生是对中国大陆进行官方访问的第一个南非领导人。
Exercises C-E
1、除外交事务和防务外，香港特别行政区享有高度自治，其政府和立法机关由香港人组成。
Except for foreign and defense affairs, the HKSAR enjoys a high degree of autonomy, the government and legislature of the HKSAR are composed of local inhabitants.
2、今年一月我们同美国恢复了中断四年之久的有关人权问题的对话，这次对话是非常有益的，也是成功的。
In January of this year, we resumed our discussion with the U.S.A. on human rights issues which had been suspended for four years. It is mutually beneficial and very successful.
3、李鹏在欢迎香港特别行政区行政长官的宴会上说，要不折不扣地执行“一国两制”的原则。
We shall unswervingly stick to "One country, two systems" policy, said Li Peng at the banquet to welcome the Chief Executive of HKSAR.
4、外交部发言人昨天希望日本遵守最近在双边外交会谈上许下的诺言，妥善处理两国间现存的问题。
Yesterday the spokes man of Foreign Ministry said that we hope Japan shall keep their promise given during the recent bilateral
talks, and shall solve the existing problems between the two countries properly.
5、展望未来，中国政府将坚定不移地奉行独立自主的和平外交政策，反对霸权主义和强权政治，维护世界和平。Looking ahead, Chinese Government will unswervinly persue the independent foreign policy of peace; oppose hegemonism and power politics; maintain world peace.
6、中国对南沙群岛拥有不可争辩的主权，我认为南中国海不存在什么紧张局面或危机。
Undoutedly, China owns the Nansha Islands. I do not think there exists any tense situation or crisis in South China Sea.
7、国家副主席胡锦涛昨天下午离开东京前往大阪，继续他对日本为期五天的正式友好访问。
The vice president Hu Jintao left Tokyo for Osaka yesterday afternoon, continuing his formal, friendly five-day-visit to Japan. 8、中国的政治体制改革一直在进行，而且还在继续进行。但是，我们的政治体制改革绝对不会抄袭西方的模式。China has been reforming its political system. However we'll never copy the western pattern.
9、“九五”期间，我国政府恢复对香港、澳门行使主权，祖国和平统一大业取得历史进展。香港、澳门回归祖国以来，“一国两制”方针和基本法得到全面贯彻执行。
During the 9th Five-Year Plan, our government resume the exercise of sovereignty over Hong Kong and Macao. There has bee significant historical progress in the peaceful reunification of our country. Since the return of HK and Macao, the policy of "One country, two systems" and the Basic Law have been implemented comprehensively.
10、西部大开发是中国第十个五年计划的一个重要内容，我想首脑会议一定会讨论这个问题，并且将采取措施促进我们之间的合作。
Western Development is a significant part of the 10th Five-Year Plan. I think the Conference of Heads of State is surely to discuss this issue, and will take actions to promote the co-operation between us.
19 Politics
Exercises E-C
1、The number of Americans who approve of the President's job performance has dropped from 73% to 60% according to a new poll.
根据新的民意测验，对美国总统工作表现满意的美国人数从73％下降到63％。
2、If the president is reelected, it is largely on the basis of the past－the state of the nation during his incumbency－rather than his promises for the future.
如果总统重新当选，主要是根据过去－他任职期间国家的状况－而不是他对将来的承诺。
3、More than any other bilateral relationship, that between the UK and the USA permeates all areas of British foreign policy. 与别的双边关系相比，英国与美国的双边关系更是涉及英国外交政策的各个方面。
4、The US Constitution, which was drafted in 1787 and adopted in 1788, is the oldest written constitution still in effect.
1787年起草，1788年通过的美国宪法是最早的迄今仍有效的成文宪法。
5、These women are engaged in a battle that has been waged for most of the past decade. It concerns a major question of public policy: whether to add an amendment to the US Constitution guaranteeing women legal equality with men.
这些妇女正在进行一场在过去十年的大部分时间内一直在进行的斗争，它关系到公共政策的一个重要问题：美国宪法是否要增加修正案来保证妇女与男人在法律上平等。
6、Public interest groups have come to play an mportant role in American political process. Although most of these citizen advocacy groups are concerned with consumer and environmental affairs, others work in such diverse areas as defense spending, welfare reform, and civil liberties.
公共利益集团在美国政治变化过程中逐渐起重要作用。尽管大部分的社会公益团体关心的是消费者和环保事物，还有其他一些工作在诸如国防开支，福利改革，公民权这些不同领域。
7、The President and Hillary Clinton plan an intensified grass-roots campaign to build public support.
总统和希拉里克林顿计划一次声势浩大的平民运动来赢得公众的支持。
8、I believe there is a new era in relations between Britain and China, which will be a benefit not just for our two countries, but also to the world.
我相信，中英关系进入了一个新时代，这不仅对我们两国有利，对世界也有利。
9、"A memorandum of Understanding Between the United Nations and the Republic of Iraq" calls for the immediate, unrestricted and unconditional access for UN weapon inspectors in Iraq.
“联合国与伊拉克共和国备忘录”要求联合国武器监察员能够立即无限制、无条件地进入伊拉克。
10、South African President Nelson Mandela has arrived in Beijing for a landmark visit. Mr. Mandela is the first South African leader to pay an official visit to the Mainland.
南非总统尼尔森曼德拉已经抵达北京进行具有里程碑意义的访问。曼德拉先生是对中国大陆进行官方访问的第一个南非领导人。
Exercises C-E
1、除外交事务和防务外，香港特别行政区享有高度自治，其政府和立法机关由香港人组成。
Except for foreign and defense affairs, the HKSAR enjoys a high degree of autonomy, the government and legislature of the HKSAR are composed of local inhabitants.
2、今年一月我们同美国恢复了中断四年之久的有关人权问题的对话，这次对话是非常有益的，也是成功的。
In January of this year, we resumed our discussion with the U.S.A. on human rights issues which had been suspended for four years. It is mutually beneficial and very successful.
3、李鹏在欢迎香港特别行政区行政长官的宴会上说，要不折不扣地执行“一国两制”的原则。
We shall unswervingly stick to "One country, two systems" policy, said Li Peng at the banquet to welcome the Chief Executive of HKSAR.
4、外交部发言人昨天希望日本遵守最近在双边外交会谈上许下的诺言，妥善处理两国间现存的问题。
Yesterday the spokes man of Foreign Ministry said that we hope Japan shall keep their promise given during the recent bilateral talks, and shall solve the existing problems between the two countries properly.
5、展望未来，中国政府将坚定不移地奉行独立自主的和平外交政策，反对霸权主义和强权政治，维护世界和平。Looking ahead, Chinese Government will unswervinly persue the independent foreign policy of peace; oppose hegemonism
and power politics; maintain world peace.
6、中国对南沙群岛拥有不可争辩的主权，我认为南中国海不存在什么紧张局面或危机。
Undoutedly, China owns the Nansha Islands. I do not think there exists any tense situation or crisis in South China Sea.
7、国家副主席胡锦涛昨天下午离开东京前往大阪，继续他对日本为期五天的正式友好访问。
The vice president Hu Jintao left Tokyo for Osaka yesterday afternoon, continuing his formal, friendly five-day-visit to Japan. 8、中国的政治体制改革一直在进行，而且还在继续进行。但是，我们的政治体制改革绝对不会抄袭西方的模式。China has been reforming its political system. However we'll never copy the western pattern.
9、“九五”期间，我国政府恢复对香港、澳门行使主权，祖国和平统一大业取得历史进展。香港、澳门回归祖国以来，“一国两制”方针和基本法得到全面贯彻执行。
During the 9th Five-Year Plan, our government resume the exercise of sovereignty over Hong Kong and Macao. There has bee significant historical progress in the peaceful reunification of our country. Since the return of HK and Macao, the policy of "One country, two systems" and the Basic Law have been implemented comprehensively.
10、西部大开发是中国第十个五年计划的一个重要内容，我想首脑会议一定会讨论这个问题，并且将采取措施促进我们之间的合作。
Western Development is a significant part of the 10th Five-Year Plan. I think the Conference of Heads of State is surely to discuss this issue, and will take actions to promote the co-operation between us.
20 Science and Technology
Exercises E-C
1、Some drugs, called hypnotics, put us to sleep by producing a depressive or slowing-down effect on our central nervous system.
有些被称为安眠药的药，对我们的神经中枢有抑制作用，使我们的大脑反应迟钝，直至昏然入睡。
2、Gamma rays have proved very helpful in medicine and industry. These rays are also given off by radioactive isotopes obtained as by-products in production processes.
射线已被证实在医学和工业上有很大的用处，这些射线是在生产过程中由放射性同伴素释放出的副产品。
3、Personal communications networks are designed for pedestrian use and consist of pocket phones so small they can be folded up like a wallet to the size of a pack of cigarettes.
个人通信网络是为行人设计的，它由一个个手机组成。这些手机非常小，能够如钱包一般折叠成一包烟大小。
4、Glass fiber is a mass of very fine strands of glass. When ordinary glass is spun into thn threads it is strong and bendable, unlike normal galss objects, which are brittle and break easily.
玻璃纤维是由许许多多精细的玻璃丝组成。当普通的玻璃被分割成细丝时，它就变得坚固而有弹性，不象普通玻璃制品脆而易碎。
5、In space men lack the air needed for breathing, the pressure required to stop their blood from boiling and the natural protection of the atmosphere against radiation.
在太空，人们缺乏呼吸所必需的空气，缺乏能抑制血液沸腾的压力以及抗辐射的大气的自然保护。
6、A sheet of paper consists of vegetable fibers of different sizes, twisted and intertwined with each other and finally squeezed together to make a sheet with a surface smooth enough to write or print on.
纸是由大小不一的植物纤维构成的。这些纤维纵横交错，最后被挤压在一起加工成一张张表面非常平滑，适宜书写或印刷的纸。
7、The first virtue of personal computers is the high resolution of images Compared with TV sets, personal computers can provide pictures with realistic color, texture and details.
个人电脑的第一个长处是成功地解决了图像问题，与电视机相比，个人电脑提供的画面色彩自然，结构逼真，清晰度高。
8、For the next 15 to 20 years the great focus for the future development will be on researching, designing and building the engine for the supersonic airliner to replace Concord, which is expected to be ready around 2010.
在未来的15到20年间，发展的重点将是研究、设计和制造能够替代协和超音速飞机的引擎。这个目标可望在2010年左右实现。
9、By identifying most of these asteroids, and plotting their bits, astronomers insist, they could predict many years in advance if any were destined to strike earth.
通过辨析大部分小行星，研究它们的碎片，天文学家们坚信，一旦有小行星要撞击地球时，他们可提前许多年作出预测。
10、The system, which used speech recognition, was an instant success, hankling about 120 thousand calls daily, in about half the time as before.
这种系统一举成功，它通过辨别声音，每天能处理十二万次电话，但所用的时间只是以前的一半左右。
Exercises C-E
1、专利局官员要求中国企业尽早在互联网上注册以保护他们的无形资产，防止外国公司抢注。
The officials from the Patent Bureau demanded that Chinese enterprises should register in Internet sooner to protect their intangible assets and to prevent foreign enterprises from registering first.
2、我国已独立开发了数字电视广播的关键技术，并已指定在北京、上海、深圳三个城市建立数字电视实验区。
China has independantly developed the key technology of digital TV set, and sppointed to build three pilot sectors in Beijing, Shanghai and Shenzhen.
3、上海去年申请与基因相关的专利达到历史最高记录2800多项，数量居全国首位。
Last year, Shanghai applied for more than 2,800 patents about gene, which created the highest historical record, and renked the first in our country.
4、中国长城工业公司今天与欧洲阿斯特里姆公司签订了一份商业卫星发射合同，将发射这家欧洲公司制造的一枚卫星。Today China Changcheng Industry company signs a contract of launching business satellites for European Astolim Company. According to the contract, a satellite made by Astolim Company will be launched by Changcheng Industry Company.
5、上海将建设一条全长33公里的磁悬浮铁路，连接浦东国际机场和龙阳路地铁站。这项工程将采用德国的技术。Shanghai will build a magnetic suspended railway of 33 kilometers long, which will join Pudong International Airport to the
subway station in Longyang Road. This project will import the technology from Germany.
6、中国医学专家研制出用海洋物质治疗遗忘症的方法。这种药物通过了高级专家组的评估，并已投入大批生产。Chinese medicine experts developed a way to treat amnesia using marine materials. This kind of medicine has passed the evaluation by senior experts group and it has been put into mass production.
7、去年10月1日公布的现行的电信规则并未规定外国公司在中国的角色。新规则将会对此进行补充。
The present telecom conventions published on Dec. 1st last year didn't stipulate the roles of foreign firms in China. New conventions will replenish this.
8、在即将举办的北京国际高科技周中，北京将会展示一批各高科技企业开发的尖端技术。
In the International Hi-tech week to be held in Beijing, Beijing will display some most advanced techniques developed by some Hi-tech enterprises.
9、合肥电信局的一位官员说他们将很快建成一个宽带网络，为本市用户提供快速上网的服务。
An official from Hefei Telecom Bureau said that they soon build a wide band network to provide the city customers with efficient service of internet exploring.
10、本市将进行数字移动电话网规模最大的一次扩容工程，以适应日益迅速增长的移动电话通讯的需求。
The city will start the largest scale project to expand the digital mobile telephone network. This project aims to meet the growing demand for the mobile telephone communication.
21 Social Issues
Exercises E-C
1、Flames shoot out of the Air France Concorde seconds before it crashed near Paris. The crash on July 25 killed at least 110 people.
火焰从法航的协和式客机窜出，几秒钟后飞机坠毁在巴黎附近，7月25的飞机坠毁至少使110人丧生。
2、Pinochet returned to Chile on March 3 after a 16-month detention in Britain. Pinochet was detained after a Spanish judge tried to bring him to trial on charges of torture and conspiracy.
在英国被扣押了16个月后，皮诺切特于3月3日返回智利，他是在一位西班牙法官试图审判其逼供和反叛后被扣押的。
3、Bill Gates of Microsoft vows to challenge a federal judge's June 7 order that the software behemoth be split into two independent companies.
微软的比尔盖茨发誓挑战联邦法官6月7日宣布的将这一软件巨头分成两家独立公司的命令。
4、First lady Hillary Clinton defeated Republican Rep. Lazio on Nov. 7 to become the first presidential spouse elected to Congress.
11月7日第一夫人希拉里克林顿击败共和党代表拉宙，成为第一位入选国会的总统夫人。
5、The latest in a string of stock sell-offs caused the curious to pause at the Nasdaq Marketsite in Times Square on Dec. 20. 2000 was the worst-ever year for the 29-year-old Nasdaq index.
最近的一连串股票下跌导致了2000年12月20日位于时代广场上的纳兹达克交易市场令人难以理解地休市，这一年是有29年历史的全国证券交易商协会自动行情指数最糟的一年。
6、We are telling the entertainment industry that we expect them to be responsible for what they put on the market.
我们想告诉娱乐业，希望他们能对其投放市场的娱乐项目负责。
7、Women are arguing that when they participate in a job that is female dominated, like nursing or teaching or secretarial work, their job skills are undervalued.
妇女们认为她们从事女性占优势的工作时，如护理、教育、文秘等，她们的工作技巧被低估了。
8、The city's efforts in fighting crime last year has brought more sense of security to the local residents.
去年，这个城市与犯罪斗争的成果是使当地居民增强了安全意识。
9、For these workers, the chance to leave their countries to work abroad was once in a lifetime opportunity they could not afford to miss, but sadly, the American dream turned out to be a nightmare.
对于这些工人来说，能有机会离开自己的国家到国外工作是他们一生中不容错过的唯一机会。但不幸的是，他们的美国梦变成了一场噩梦。
10、President Clinton held a summit with leaders of the film, videl game and music industries, and commissioned a study whether those industries market violence to chilren.
克林顿总统组织了一个由电影业、计算机游戏及音乐界领导人参加的首脑会议，委托他们作一项关于这些行业是否将暴力销售给儿童的调查。
Exercises C-E
1、据第五次全国人口普查的报告显示，中部地区的河南省人口为9256万，已成为中国人口第一大省。
According to the fifth nationwide census, Henan province in the central area has a population of 92.56 million. It has become a province with the largest population.
2、国家工商管理局今日宣布，未来一年之内，中国的保健食品将受到官方更严格的检查。
Today the National Industrial and Commercial Administrative Bureau declares that the authority will strictly examine the Chinese health care food next year.
3、联合国儿童基金会将在2001-2005年间向中国提供200万美元的援助。
United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund will support China with 2 million dollars from 2001 to 2005.
4、在中国南部的广东省，内部腐败问题已成为税收工作发展过程中的瓶颈。
In Guangdong province of south China, inner-corruption has hindered the development of taxation.
5、中国西南的大都市重庆成立了重庆市反邪教联合会。
Chongqing, a metropolis in the southwest of China, has set up an Anti-Cult Federation of Chongqing.
6、中国最高人民法院号召全国各地的法院严厉打击团伙犯罪、暴力犯罪和经济犯罪。
The Supreme People's Court of China calls on courts all over the country to crack down severely on group crimes, violent crimes and economic crimes.
7、五月的广东省即将出台一项货币惩罚制度，以制止当地居民食用濒危动物。
In May, Guangdong province is going to issue a monetary punishing system to prevent the local residents from eating animals in imminent danger.
8、到去年年底，已有五万多名学者回国。其中大多数在教学、管理和科研方面发挥着积极的作用。
By the end of last year, more than fifty thousand scholars had come back to China. Most of them are playing active parts in teaching, menagement and scientific research.
9、希望工程是一项旨在帮助贫困家庭的失学儿童重返校园的全国性工程。
The Hope Project is a nationwide project to help the children of poor families, who are unable to go to school, going back to shool.
10、经最高人民法院批准，两名通过不法活动谋取7272万元（折合美元８76万）脏款的贪污犯于周四被正法。Ratified by the Supreme People's court, 2 grafters who managed to get ￥72.72 million (＄87.6 thousand) through illegal activities were killed on Thursday.
22 Sports
Exercises E-C
1、In 1924 the Olympic marathon distance was standardized at 26 miles, 385 yards. But other marathon courses may differ in length, so the International Amateur Athletic Federation does not list a world record time for the event.
1924年奥林匹克马拉松赛的距离规定为26英里，385码，但其他的马拉松赛程距离可以有所不同，故此，国际业余运动联盟没有规定这一项目的世界记录时间。
2、Sports are an important aspect of life in Canada. According to a survey in 1992, 30% of Canadians over 15 had attended a professional sporting event in the previous year.
在加拿大，运动是人们生活中的一个重要方面，1992年的一项调查情况表明，30％的15岁以上的加拿大人在前一年曾参加过专业训练。
3、V arious forms of a game involving the kicking about of a ball were played by the ancient Chinese, and by the Greeks and Romans.
古中国人、希腊人、古罗马人曾经参加过各种各样的体育活动，包括踢球。
4、Swimming is enjoyed by millions of people in Britain, many of whom learn to swim at public baths, schools or swimming clubs. Instruction and coaching are provided by qualified teachers who hold certificates awarded by the Amateur Swimming Association.
在英国，成千上万的人喜欢游泳，许多人在公共浴池、学校及游泳俱乐部里学游泳，持有业余游泳协会所颁发的证书的合格教练指导他们训练。
5、Basketball is said to have been invented by an ingenious American to whom some one proposed that new game be found suitable for both sexes and for indoor as well as outdoor play.
据说篮球是由一个有天才的美国人发明的，因为有人曾建议他搞一种既适合男士，也适合女士，既适合于室内也适合于室外的运动。
6、The University Students' Games is an international multi-sports event introduced by the International University Sports Fedration to promote sports and enhance friendship among the university students of the world.
大学生运动会是一个国际性的、多个运动项目的运动会，由世界大学生运动协会发起，旨在促进运动，增进全世界大
学生之间的友谊。
7、The Dutch national team missed two penalty kicks during a scoreless regulation and converted only one during the tiebreaker as Italy prevailed 3-1 in the Euro 2000 semifinals.
在2000年的欧洲足球锦标赛半决赛中，荷兰国家队在90分钟的比赛里发丢了两个点球，而在点球决胜中只进了一个，意大利队最后以三比一获胜。
8、South American soccer gave a show of strength in 2,000, overcoming perpetual financial difficulties and sometimes chaotic administration.
南美足球队在2000年展示了实力：克服了连续不断的资金困难及不时出现的无序管理。
9、The relay is the most exciting race in track and fieldcomopetition, a combination of speed and technique, and the ability to combine individual running with team precision in passing the baton.
在径赛与田赛项目中，接力赛是最激动人心的比赛。它是速度与技术的结合，个人速度与团队准确传递接力棒之能力的结合。
10、World number three, Michael Zhang, came to Hong Kong this year looking for a third Salem Open title and his third tournament win of the year.
世界排名第三的Michael Zhang今年又一次来香港，希望能第三次获得Salem网球公开赛的冠军，这将是他本年度第三次获得冠军头衔。
Exercises C-E
1、从某种意义上说，奥林匹克已远远超出体育运动本身，它已成为团结、友谊、进步的象征。
In some sense, the Olympics has gone for beyond the sports activity itself; it has become the symbol of solidarity, friendship and progress.
2、在亚洲奥委会代表大会上，中国以四十三票赞成，二十二票反对，六票弃权当选为第十一届亚运会主办国。
At the Asian Olympic Congress, China bid the host of the 11th Asian Games by 43 votes for, 22 against, 6 abstentions.
3、由于气候的不适宜，象滑雪这样的冬季运动在英国一般是不太可能进行的。但是越来越多的英国人为了参加这样的运动而到欧洲大陆去度寒假。
Due to the unsuitable climate, it's impossible to play the winter games like skiing in Britain. But more and more English people go on their winter holidays in Europe just for joining in this game.
4、首届世界太极拳健康大会将于3月21日至26日在三亚隆重举行。预计将有三千多名太极拳爱好者参加这一盛事。The 1st World Taijiquan Health Conference will be grandly held in Sanya from the 21st to 26th of March. It is estimated that more than 3000 Taijiquan fans will attend this magnificent conference.
5、当新世纪的第一缕曙光升起之时，第21届世界大学生运动会“世纪之光”火种采集仪式在北京大学举行。这次火种采集采取了中西合璧的方式，象征着全世界青年共同拥有朝阳。
When the first light of the new century is rising, the ceremony for collecting tinder of "the light of the Century" of the 21st World University Students' Games is held in Beijing University. The collecting tinder adapts a good combination of Chinese and Western elements. This symbolizes the young people of the world sharing the rising sun.
6、澳门将组织一个由270人组成的代表团参加今年5月在日本大阪举行的第3届东亚运动会。
Macao will form a delegation of 270 people to attend the third Eastern Asian Games to be held in Osaka in May this year.
7、为挑战人类极限、支持北京申办奥运，中国西北的几名探险者正在积极准备穿越世界第四、中国第二大沙漠－巴丹吉林沙漠。
To challenge the limit of human beings and support Beijing to bid for hosting the Olypic Games, several explorers of the northwest China are actively preparing to cross the Badanjilin Desert which is the fourth largest in the world, and the second in China.
8、今天最后一场比赛是日本对韩国。这两个队均被认为是金牌的有力争夺者。
Today, the last match is Japanese team versus South Korean team. Both teams are considered powerful competitors of the gold medal.
9、自从开展了全民健身运动以来，国家为增强人民体质的工作取得了成果。
Since the national sports activities are promoted, the work of building up the people's health has made great achievement.
10、这粒入球使中国队士气大振，他们继续对伊朗队球门频频发起进攻，直到终场哨声响起，宣告中国队获胜。
This goal greatly boosted the morale of the Chinese team. They kept on launching fierce offension against Iranian team's goal until the whistle blew at the end of the performance and the Chinese team was declared to have won the game.
新视野大学英语（第二版）第一册Unit 1 III. 1. rewarding 2. communicate 3. access 4. embarrassing 5. positive 6. commitment 7.virtual 8. benefits 9. minimum 10. opportunities IV. 1. up 2. into 3. from 4. with 5. to 6. up 7. of 8. in 9. for 10.with V. 1.G 2.B 3.E 4.I 5.H 6.K 7.M 8.O 9.F 10.C Sentence Structure VI. 1. Universities in the east are better equipped, while those in the west are relatively poor. 2. Allan Clark kept talking the price up, while Wilkinson kept knocking it down. 3. The husband spent all his money drinking, while his wife saved all hers for the family. 4. Some guests spoke pleasantly and behaved politely, while others wee insulting and impolite. 5. Outwardly Sara was friendly towards all those concerned, while inwardly she was angry. VII. 1. Not only did Mr. Smith learn the Chinese language, but he also bridged the gap between his culture and ours. 2. Not only did we learn the technology through the online course, but we also learned to communicate with friends in English. 3. Not only did we lose all our money, but we also came close to losing our lives. 4. Not only do the workers want a pay increase, but they also want reduced working hours. 5. Not only is the house expensive, but it is also too far away from my company. Translation VIII. 1. Not only can students choose when and where to learn for an online course, but they can also take time to think through answers before making a reply. 2. She is excited by the idea of online learning while be considers it meaningless and useless. 3. Communicating with native English speakers is a very rewarding experience from which we can learn a lot. 4. Today, more and more people have access to the Internet through which they look for the information they need. 5. He wants her to give up working and stay home to look after the children. She feels, however, that this is too much for her. 6. Now that we have finished the course, we shall start doing more revision work. IX. 1. 我永远都不会忘记那位老师，是他告诉我学外语是有趣的、有价值的。如果没有他，我的英语说得不会像现在这样好。
数学专业英语课后答案
2.1数学、方程与比例 词组翻译 1.数学分支branches of mathematics，算数arithmetics，几何学geometry，代数学algebra，三角学trigonometry，高等数学higher mathematics，初等数学elementary mathematics，高等代数higher algebra，数学分析mathematical analysis，函数论function theory，微分方程differential equation 2.命题proposition，公理axiom，公设postulate，定义definition，定理theorem，引理lemma，推论deduction 3.形form，数number，数字numeral，数值numerical value，图形figure，公式formula，符号notation(symbol)，记法/记号sign，图表chart 4.概念conception，相等equality，成立/真true，不成立/不真untrue，等式equation，恒等式identity，条件等式equation of condition，项/术语term，集set，函数function，常数constant，方程equation，线性方程linear equation，二次方程quadratic equation 5.运算operation，加法addition，减法subtraction，乘法multiplication，除法division，证明proof，推理deduction，逻辑推理logical deduction 6.测量土地to measure land，推导定理to deduce theorems，指定的运算indicated operation，获得结论to obtain the conclusions，占据中心地位to occupy the centric place 汉译英 （1）数学来源于人类的社会实践，包括工农业的劳动，商业、军事和科学技术研究等活动。 Mathematics comes from man’s social practice, for example, industrial and agricultural production, commercial activities, military operations and scientific and technological researches. （2）如果没有运用数学，任何一个科学技术分支都不可能正常地发展。 No modern scientific and technological branches could be regularly developed without the application of mathematics. （3）符号在数学中起着非常重要的作用，它常用于表示概念和命题。 Notations are a special and powerful tool of mathematics and are used to express conceptions and propositions very often. （4）17 世纪之前，人们局限于初等数学，即几何、三角和代数，那时只考虑常数。Before 17th century, man confined himself to the elementary mathematics, i. e. , geometry, trigonometry and algebra, in which only the constants were considered. （5）方程与算数的等式不同在于它含有可以参加运算的未知量。 Equation is different from arithmetic identity in that it contains unknown quantity which can join operations. （6）方程又称为条件等式，因为其中的未知量通常只允许取某些特定的值。Equipment is called an equation of condition in that it is true only for certain values of unknown quantities in it. （7）方程很有用，可以用它来解决许多实际应用问题。
U n i t1 1. 任何年满18岁的人都有资格投票。(be eligible to, vote) Anyone over the age of 18 is eligible to vote. 2. 每学期开学前，这些奖学金的申请表格就会由学校发给每一个学生。(apply for, scholarship) A form to apply for these scholarships is sent by the university to every student before the start of every semester. 3. 遵照医生的建议，我决定戒烟。(on the advice of) On the advice of my doctor, I decided to give up smoking. 4. 公园位于县城的正中央。(be located in) The park is located right in the center of town. 5. 这所大学提供了我们所需的所有材料和设备。(facilities) The university provides all the materials and facilities we desire. 1. 他们花了多年的时间寻找内心的平静，但是收效甚微。(search for) They spent many years searching for peace of mind, but with little success. 2. 这种新药的成功研制已经使许多疾病的治疗发生了根本性的变革。
最全的全新版大学英语第二版综合教程2答案 课后练习答案 Unit1 Ways of Learning Part II Reading Task Comprehension Content Question Pair Work 1. They were studying arts education in Chinese kindergartens and elementary schools in Nanjing. 2. Their 18-month-old son Benjamin was fond of trying to place the key into the slot of the key box during their stay at the Jinling Hotel. 3. They would come over to watch Benjamin and then try to teach him how to do it properly. 4. Because he realized that this anecdote was directly relevant to their assigned tasks in China: to investigate early childhood education and to throw light on Chinese attitudes toward creativity. 5. Most of them displayed the same attitude as the staff at the Jinling Hotel. 6. He emphasized that the most important thing is to teach the child that on can solve a problem effectively by oneself. 7. He means that this incident pointed to important differences in educational and artistic practices between China and the USA.
Main Content :UNIT 1 MA THEMA TICS I.Text Organization Parts Part One Paragraphs Paras. 1-3 Main Ideas Game theory can be defined as the science of strategy which studies both pure conflicts (zero-sum games) and conflicts in cooperative forms. Part Two Paras. 4-11 There are two distinct types interdependence: sequential-move simultaneous-move game.of strategic game and Part Three Paras.The typical examples of game theory are given as the 12-19basic principles such as prisoners’dilemma, mixing moves, strategic moves, bargaining, concealing and revealing information. Part Four Para. 20 The research of game theory has succeeded in illustrating strategies in situations of conflict and cooperation and it will focus on the design of successful strategy in future.
2.1 数学、方程与比例 （1）数学来源于人类的社会实践，包括工农业的劳动，商业、军事和科学技术研究等活动。 Mathematics comes from man’s social practice, for example, industrial and agricultural production, commercial activities, military operations and scientific and technological researches. （2）如果没有运用数学，任何一个科学技术分支都不可能正常地发展。 No modern scientific and technological branches could be regularly developed without the application of mathematics. （3）符号在数学中起着非常重要的作用，它常用于表示概念和命题。Notations are a special and powerful tool of mathematics and are used to express conceptions and propositions very often. （4）17 世纪之前，人们局限于初等数学，即几何、三角和代数，那时只考虑常数。 Before 17th century, man confined himself to the elementary mathematics, i. e. , geometry, trigonometry and algebra, in which only the constants were considered. （5）方程与算数的等式不同在于它含有可以参加运算的未知量。 Equation is different from arithmetic identity in that it contains unknown quantity which can join operations. （6）方程又称为条件等式，因为其中的未知量通常只允许取某些特定的值。Equipment is called an equation of condition in that it is true only for certain values of unknown quantities in it. （7）方程很有用，可以用它来解决许多实际应用问题。 Equations are of very great use. We can use equations in many mathematical problems. （8）解方程时要进行一系列移项和同解变形，最后求出它的根，即未知量的值。To solve the equation means to move and change the terms about without making the equation untrue, until the root of the equation is obtained, which is the value of unknown term. 2.2 几何与三角 （1）许多专家都认为数学是学习其他科学技术的必备基础和先决条件。 Many experts recognize that mathematics is the necessary foundation and prerequisite of studying other science technology. （2）西方国家的专家认为几何起源于巴比伦和埃及人的土地测量技术，其实中国古代的数学家对几何做了许多出色的研究。 The western experts think that geometry had its origin in the measurements by the Babylonians and Egyptians of their lands. Infect, the ancient Chinese mathematicians made much remarkable study for geometry. （3）几何的学习使学生在思考问题时更周密和审慎，他们将不会盲目接受任何结论。 In studying geometry, the student is taught to think clearly and critically and he is led away from the practice of blind acceptance of any conclusions. （4）数学培养学生的分析问题的能力，使他们能应用毅力、创造性和逻辑推理来解决问题。
Unit 11. Vocabulary 1) insert 2) on occasion 3) investigate 4) In retrospect 5) initial 6) phenomena 7) attached 8) make up for 9) is awaiting 10) not …in the least 11) promote 12) emerged 2. Rewrite each sentence 1) There is a striking contrast between the standard of living in the north of the country and the south. 2) Natural fiber is said to be superior to synthetic fiber. 3) The city's importance as a financial center has evolved slowly. 4) His nationality is not relevant to whether he is a good lawyer. 5) The poems by a little-known sixteenth-century Italian poet have found their way into some English magazines. 3. 1) Chinese isn't a subject that can be picked up in a month. You can't accomplish your goal of mastering the language unless you work at it for years. Well, it sounds as if I'm exag-gerating the difficulties, but the fact is I'm only telling the truth. 2) The principal is somewhat disappointed with the performance of the children. From what she has gathered, some of the teaching staff have neglected their pupils. She has just announced that strict work regulations have been made and that they apply to both Chinese and overseas teachers. 3) The teacher-directed and the child-directed approaches to teaching art represent two ex-tremes of opinion. Too many teacher-directed activities cannot be expected to effectively assist children in learning because of the rigid structure. On the other hand, too many child-directed activities may see a curriculum that is totally unstructured and out of con-trol. There are valid reasons to believe a teacher-guided approach would be a superior way to guide children's development. This approach combines some form of structure with the child leading the direction. II. Confusable Words 1. 1) continual 3) continual
Everyday Use for Your Grandmama I. Give brief answers to the following questions, using your own words as much as possible: 1) In real life what kind of woman is the mother 2) What kind of woman would Dee like her mother to be? 3) How does the mother act when she meets a strange white man? 4) What kind of girl is Maggie? 5) Why do you think colored people asked fewer questions in 1927? 6) Why does the mother say Dee will never bring her friends to visit them? What does this tell about Dee? Give other instances to prove your point. 7) Why did Dee want the quilt so much? 8) Why did Maggie want the quilt? 9) Why did Dee visit her mother and sister? 10) What is the mother ' s feeling toward Dee? How is it changed in the course of the story? 11) What is implied by the subtitle ‘ for your grandmama ''? II. Paraphrase: 1) She thinks her sister has held life always in the palm of one hand 2) ”no” is a word the world never learned to say to her 3) Johnny Carson has much to do to keep up with my quick and witty tongue. 4) It seems to me I have talked to them always with one foot raised in flight 5) She washed us in a river of make-believe
“数学专业英语一次函数专题”教学设计 1. 教学内容及解析 教学内容：与直角坐标系及一次函数相关的英语文献资料 内容解析：本节内容应从两个方面去考虑. 一方面，从数学知识的角度，本节所涉及的是从平面直角坐标系到一次函数的数学知识，都是学生学过的基础知识及其应用，是对于这些知识的拉练式复习，并作为后面用英语叙述解答相关问题知识基础；另一方面，从语言的角度，学生会接触到大量没有接触过，但他们却很熟悉的英语词汇及短语，主动学习的学生可以在老师的指导下快速理解其含义并加入到自己的知识体系中，但需要花时间巩固，是需要读、写、说来巩固的内容. 这也正是本节的重点和难点所在. 2. 教学目标及解析 教学目标：①能根据已有的数学知识和给出的单词对照表，将给出的相关数学定理及结论的英语版本翻译为中文；②能理解并解答用英语表述的相关数学问题；③能将解决数学问题的过程用英语进行书面表述；④初步了解用英语表达与直角坐标系及一次函数相关数学理论的范式. 目标解析：学生掌握基本词汇，并能阅读与本节内容相关的英语文献，是学习和使用数学专业英语的最基本要求，学生需要在学习的过程中逐渐由接受，即阅读或聆听，逐渐向输出，即书面和口头表达的方向发展. 为达到此目标，学生需要在课前独立完成对于本节需要的单词的学习，并阅读一系列简短的相关数学文献，并在这个过程中初步体会数学专业英语的表达范式；在课堂上，在教师的指导下对自己的认知进一步补充，并进行一定量的练习，暴露自己的问题，在教师的帮助下修正问题，完善认知. 3. 教学问题诊断分析 学生在进行语言表达时，往往受到母语的限制，对于非母语的表达方式的接受能力一时难以习惯，而数学对于表达能力则有更高的要求，要求叙述简洁、逻辑清晰，因此本教学设计强调学生在有相当阅读量的积累后，通过自主练习，逐渐感受用英语表达数学理论的基本范式. 教师在教学过程中的主要任务在于为学生提供合适的学习资料，在学生学习的过程中给予提示与指导，及时指出学生的问题并予以纠正. 对于语言的学习，阅读量的积累是至关重要的，教师在课堂上的讲解、学生在课堂上的练习，都只是学习的一部分环节，如果需要帮助学生正确掌握表达数学理论的范式，尽量不留死角，就必须保证课前预习和课后复习的有效性，预习复习材料的充足性，这对教师的教学资料的积累和学生自主学习能力，都是一个挑战. 4. 教学支持条件分析 学情条件：初二8班是实验班，学生有较强的学习热情和好奇心，也知道课前预习、课上参与学习活动、课后复习的重要性，在曾经的数学课程教学中，也有一定的课前预习，课堂讨论的传统，对于本教学设计的各个环节，是可以理解教师的用意，并遵循教师的指导进行学习活动. 在知识层面上，学生已经系统学习过一次函数相关的知识，课程中提供的学习资料都是学生熟悉的数学知识；学生在英语学习上，已经有多年的积累，对于英语语法的学
Unit1 1、任何年满18岁得人都有资格投票。(be eligible to, vote) Anyone over the age of 18 is eligible to vote、 2、每学期开学前，这些奖学金得申请表格就会由学校发给每一个学生。(apply for, scholarship) A form to apply for these scholarships is sent by the university to every student before the start of every semester、 3、遵照医生得建议，我决定戒烟。(on the advice of) On the advice of my doctor, I decided to give up smoking、 4、公园位于县城得正中央。(be located in) The park is located right in the center of town、 5、这所大学提供了我们所需得所有材料与设备。(facilities) The university provides all the materials and facilities we desire、 1、她们花了多年得时间寻找内心得平静，但就是收效甚微。(search for) They spent many years searching for peace of mind, but with little success、 2、这种新药得成功研制已经使许多疾病得治疗发生了根本性得变革。(revolutionize) The successful development of the new drug has revolutionized the treatment of many diseases、 3、由于这个国家得经济不景气，这家公司濒于破产。(on the edge of) The company is on the edge of bankruptcy due to the economic depression in the country、 4、大学毕业后她成为了一名护士。她认为护士这一职业可能很有发展前途。(rewarding) He became a nurse after college、He thought nursing could be a very rewarding career、 5、她像往常一样在文件上签了名。(just as) He signed his name on the paper just as he has always done it、 Unit2
Lesson2 Exercises 1. Put the following into Chinese. （1）Ohm’s law states that the voltage across a resistor is directly proportional to the current flowing through the resistor. The constant of proportionality is the resistance value of the resistor in ohms. 流过电路里电阻的电流，与加在电阻两端的电压成正比，与电阻的阻值成反比。这就是欧姆定律。 （2）Many materials, however, closely approximate an ideal linear resistor over a desired operating region. 不过，许多材料在规定的工作范围内非常接近理想线性电阻。 （3）It should be noted that an ideal voltage source (dependent or independent ) will produce any current required to ensure that the terminal voltage is as stated, whereas an ideal current source will produce the necessary voltage to ensure the stated current flow. 应该注意：一个理想电压源（独立或受控）可向电路提供任意电流以保证其端电压为规定值，而电流源可向电路提供任意电压以保证其规定电流。 （4）A different class of relationship occurs because of the restriction that some specific type of network element places on the variables. Still another class of relationship is one between several variable of the same type which occurs as the result of the network configuration, i. e., the manner in which the various element of the network are interconnected. 一种不同类型的关系是由于网络元件的某种特定类型的连接对变量的约束。另一类关系由于网络结构，即网络的不同元件互相连接的方式所产生的相同形式的一些变量间的关系。 （5）The thermal conductivity of metals is as much as several hundred times that of glass. 金属的导热率比玻璃高几百倍。 （6）Magnetic line of force will，whenever passible, travel through iron or other magnetic materials. 磁力线只要有可能就会通过铁或其它磁性材料。 （7）Actually, 0 o C is indeed the lower limit to temperatures capable of being attained. 事实上绝对零度确是所能达到的温度的最低限度。 2. Translate the following into English. （1）电路元件吸收或释放的功率为元件两端的电压与流过该元件电流的乘积。 The power absorbed or supplied by a circuit element is the product of the voltage across the element and the current through it. （2）理想独立电源是一个有源元件，它所提供的电压或电流不依赖于电路中其他变量。 An ideal independent source is an active element that provides a specified voltage or current that is completely independent of other circuit variables. （3）受控电源是一个有源元件，它所提供的电压或电流受电路中某部分电压或电流控制。 An ideal dependent (or controlled) source is an active element in which the source quantity is controlled by another voltage or current. （4）叠加定理为：线性电路中，任一电压或电流都是电路中各个独立电源单独作用时，在该处产生的电压或电流的叠加。 The superposition principle states that the voltage across (or current through) an element in a linear circuit is the algebraic sum of the voltages across (or current through) that element due to each independent source acting alone. （5）计算机可分为模拟计算机和数字计算机两种。Computers may be classfied as analog and digital．（6）新型晶体管的开关时间缩短了三分之二。The switching time of the new-type transistor is shortened three times． （7）超导体在电气应用上的重要性不能被估计过高。The importance of superconductor in the uses of electricity cannot be overestimated.
2.1数学、方程与比例 词组翻译 1.数学分支branches of mathematics，算数arithmetics，几何学geometry，代数学algebra，三角学trigonometry，高等数学higher mathematics，初等数学elementary mathematics，高等代数higher algebra，数学分析mathematical analysis，函数论function theory，微分方程differential equation 2.命题proposition，公理axiom，公设postulate，定义definition，定理theorem，引理lemma，推论deduction 3.形form，数number，数字numeral，数值numerical value，图形figure，公式formula，符号notation(symbol)，记法/记号sign，图表chart 4.概念conception，相等equality，成立/真true，不成立/不真untrue，等式equation，恒等式identity，条件等式equation of condition，项/术语term，集set，函数function，常数constant，方程equation，线性方程linear equation，二次方程quadratic equation 5.运算operation，加法addition，减法subtraction，乘法multiplication，除法division，证明proof，推理deduction，逻辑推理logical deduction 6.测量土地to measure land，推导定理to deduce theorems，指定的运算indicated operation，获得结论to obtain the conclusions，占据中心地位to occupy the centric place 汉译英 （1）数学来源于人类的社会实践，包括工农业的劳动，商业、军事和科学技术研究等活动。 Mathematics comes from man’s social practice, for example, industrial and agricultural production, commercial activities, military operations and scientific and technological researches. （2）如果没有运用数学，任何一个科学技术分支都不可能正常地发展。 No modern scientific and technological branches could be regularly developed without the application of mathematics. （3）符号在数学中起着非常重要的作用，它常用于表示概念和命题。 Notations are a special and powerful tool of mathematics and are used to express conceptions and propositions very often. （4）17 世纪之前，人们局限于初等数学，即几何、三角和代数，那时只考虑常数。 Before 17th century, man confined himself to the elementary mathematics, i. e. , geometry, trigonometry and algebra, in which only the constants were considered. （5）方程与算数的等式不同在于它含有可以参加运算的未知量。 Equation is different from arithmetic identity in that it contains unknown quantity which can join operations. （6）方程又称为条件等式，因为其中的未知量通常只允许取某些特定的值。Equipment is called an equation of condition in that it is true only for certain values of unknown quantities in it. （7）方程很有用，可以用它来解决许多实际应用问题。