顾家北0813精品班作文
大作文
Many people think it is very important to protect the environment but they make no effort to do it themselves. Why do you think it is the case? What actions can be done to ensure that individuals protect the environment?
顾家北
Environmental problems have threatened the world but few people have chosen to take any action to deal with these problems, although they realise the impact of these environmental woes on their lives. We should implement some changes to improve the situation.
Many people spend money wisely, so they are not willing to purchase environmentally friendly products, de spite the fact that these products can help preserve the environment. These products are normally more expensive than conventionalcounterparts. For example, LED lighting devices are energy efficient, but normally charge consumers a higher price than traditional light bulbs. Electriccarsarenormallylikelyto cost more money than those vehiclespoweredbypetrol. As consumers do not optfor these green products, it is not easy to conserveresources and reducepollution.
Another reason is that many people are not willing to change their ways of life, even though these lifestyles can be harmful to the environment. The use of electrical equipment has led to a sharp rise in electricity consumption, which means that the powergenerationsector has a higher demand for fossilfuels. People also prefer to travel by car, but car emissions can cause global warming, which is a threat to the environment. The reliance on different electronic products including mobile phones is another issue, since many of these products end up in landfill sites.
These problems can be tackled by two policies. Governments can enact laws to forbid those behaviours which can cause damage to the environment, such as disposing of waste carelessly. Those who drop litter should be fined, so the environmental impact of this behaviour can be reduced. Another solution is to offer subsidies to encourage people to go green. For example, those consumers who buy fuel efficient cars can be subsidised, so car emissions can be reduced significantly.
Currently, more and more people are aware of the importance of environmentalprotection but the public never give priority to protect environment during their daily life.
One reason accounts for the phenomenon is that people live carefully without spending their money on environmental products. Households live with a tight budget are not willing to spend their money these products, whose prices are higher than other similar goods. For instance, LED lights are energy saving, but they are more expensive than incandescent bulbs. Similarly, prices of electric vehicles are higher
than those of traditional vehicles averagely. For the sake of money, people quit buying green products and this is contrary to our purpose of environmental protection.
Another reason can be that people are not willing to change their living styles, which need to consume various kinds of energy. For example, electronic appliances consume electricity while driving consumes petrol. Especially those who are fond of plenty of materials consume more.
Personally, the government are supposed to establish relevant laws to ban citizens from doing detrimental behaviours to environment. Punishments are imperative for those who littered. On the other hand, it is also imperative for the government to give subsidies to encourage environmental protection. Some countries, such as China, provide subsidies for those who purchasing vehicles under 1.6L.
All in all, only through the joint efforts of government and individuals can we live in a sustainable environment.
Currently, a large proportion of children are exposed to an ocean of commercial advertisements day to day. I am on the side that the ads, which purposely incite kids to buy snacks, toys and electronic games, should be limited or even, banned.
Suppose that ads aim to kids were rectified, children will not request their parents to buy what they want day in and day out. Kids lack sensitivity to price, nevertheless,parents tend to satisfy their material needs. For instance, some children like expensive toys and girls are in favor of clothes. This will bring a heavy burden for the middle-class families. Only by minimize the impact of ads on kids can the problem be avoided.
Children may have eccentric behaviours and bad living habits due to the ads. Some kids are fans of fast food, since they see ads of it every day. Others are in bad temper, due to the violent games they play daily. The predominance of games is also resulted from merchants’ propaganda. All these problems will influence the healthy growth process of kids both physically and mentally.
However, we cannot deny that some ads do have their advantages to kids. Some advertisements promote nutrient food, such as milk, wheat, etc. Meanwhile, some advertise books, games and educational toys. Parents, who are not familiar with these products, can have a comprehensive verdict according to advertisements.
In a nutshell, I strongly suggest the government ban ads whose target consumers are kids, especially if their products are harmful to children. But if the products the advertisements focus on are beneficial, then the ads should be allowed.
小作文
第一篇
The table illustrates the proportion of people who are laid off in Poland, Denmark, Germany, Italy and Hungary. The two colons are the figures of young people (aged from 15-24) and all citizens respectively.
The highest unemployment rate for young goes to Poland, which reaches 37% and is twice more than the rate of its overall rate 15%. Coming next is Italy. The proportion
of its young citizens who are out of work is 23% and its unemployment of whole country comes to top at 18%. Hungary shows mediocre rates of 21% and 17%. And German figures are 4% and 3% lower than Denmark respectively. Denmark keeps
both figures lowest, with the unemployment rate for 15-24 age group 8% and for overall only 3%.
All of the five countries show 3~5% rates lower of overall unemployment than those
of the young, except Poland which has the largest gap between the two figures.
第二篇
The bar charts provide us information about how families in an Asian country spent their money in 1998 and 2008.
A glance at the charts tells that expenditure on different goods in 2008 overweighed that in 1998 except that spent on clothes. People gave much more priority to spiritual enjoyment which lead to a huge increase of expenditure on holiday, eating out, reading (newspapers and magazines) and going to cinema, rising from 8% to 15%, 6% to 15%,3% to 8% and 3%to 5% respectively. The costs for electronic goods also increased from 12% to14% during the decade.
The only difference is expenditure on clothes which was totally opposite to the mainstream. The proportion of it was 10% in 1998; however it dropped to half of its original rates in 2008.
All in all, the past 10 years witnessed a huge change of the expenditure on various of aspects for households.
第三篇
The charts tell the proportion of different categories of house people live in three parts of Australia in 2001 and 2006.
In 2001, Victoria had 76% residents in house, 12% in semi-detached house, 11%in apartments and the rest in other types. In NSW, house also accounted for the largest part of 66%, with 10% and 13% in duplex and flat respectively. And more people
lived in other kinds. Tasmania had largest proportion of house living population,
which reaches 88%.
Five years later, the rates for house all dropped 2% in the three regions. As for
semi-detached house, Victoria, NSW and Tasmania saw 1% increase, 1percent decrease and stability respectively. The figures of flat all had a slightly increase. And for the rest unmentioned types, they remained the same at 1% except NSW rose from 11% to 12%.
The table compares five European countries in terms of the proportions of unemployed people as well as the figures for those young people out of work. Poland had the highest youth unemployment rate at 37%, nearly five times the level in Denmark. The levels of unemployment for young people were similar in other countries, with the highest seen in Italy 23% and the lowest in Germany at 17%.
It is clear from the table that in all these countries, the unemployment rate for the younger generation was higher than the overall unemployment figures. Interestingly, Poland, Germany, Italy and Hungary had similar unemployment rates, ranging between 15% and 18%. The figure for Denmark was significantly lower at 3%. Overall, youth unemployment was more serious in Poland than in other countries. Denmark had the lowest figures for both youth unemployment and overall unemployment, while other countries had similar figures for these problems.
流程图写作
The chart illustrates how to use cocoa beans to produce several food items for customers.
Firstly, whole beans are carefully picking before drying in the shell. Then they are pressed into cocoa liquor, which is the main material of the second stage. Then cocoa liquor is further pressed untilit becomes a coca cake, which is directly sent to industry to make cakes and drinks or is sold to the consumer after grinded into cocoa powder. The cocoa liquor can also convert into cocoa and then be sent to relevant
industry.Cocoa liquor, after further refining, mix with cocoa and sugar turns to industry chocolate. Finished chocolate products will be put on the shell, before the final process.
All in all, cocoa beans can be used to produce cocoa powder, chocolate products and ingredients for relevant industry through three simple stages starting from
pre-processing raw material to final packaging for sell.
顾家北
The whole beans are picked at the first stage with shells removed, and then dried and pressed until cocoa liquor is created. This marks the start of the second stage, which involves three processes. The cocoa liquor can be used to make coca cakes in the first option. Another choice is the manufacture of cocoa, while cocoa liquor is refined in the third process to produce industrial chocolate.
In the final stage, these materials are processed further to create different end products for either corporate clients or ordinary consumers. Coca cakes are ground into cocoa
powder for individual consumers, or directly delivered to catering businesses which provide drinks and cakes. Cocoa in the second procedure mentioned earlier is also transported to these businesses. In contrast, the industrial chocolate is flavored with sugar, and finished chocolate products are subsequently available for consumers.
第一篇
The table provides us with data of the percentage of consumer expenditure on different items in five countries in 2002.
The biggest number existed in Turkey, where people spent 32.14% of their income on food, drink and tobacco, almost five times the number of percentage spent on clothing (6.63%) and eight times the figure of percentage spent on spiritualenjoyment. Coming next is Ireland, whose percentage of national consumer expenditure of eating was
28.91%. Costs for clothing and footwear accounted for only 6.43%, three times the expenditure of leisure and education. Spain took the third place though the proportion
of its national consumer expenditure was the lowest (1.98%). Expenditure of food items in Spain accounted for 18.8%, threefold the figure of its clothing spending. Italy and Sweden citizenshad small percentages of income spent on food(16.36%，15.77%)，only about half the figure of Turkey. However, their clothing costs (9%, 5.4%) and spiritualpay-outs (3.2%, 3.22%) were relatively high.
In a nutshell, the percentages of national consumer expenditure by category in 2001 varied a lot among the five countries. But all shared some similarities, namely, largest proportion of expenditure on food, drink and tobacco and smallest percentage of leisure and education costs.
第二篇
The bar charts show the number of marriages and divorces in USA and marital status
of American adults during the period of 1970 to 2000.
The number of marriages remained at 2.5 million in 1970 and 1980, after which it had a slightly decrease to 2 million in 2000. The divorces number started form 1 million in 1970 and suddenly increased to almost 1.5 million during that decade. Then it dropped to nearly 1 million in 1980 and finally reached to its start（1 million）.
The percentage of never married adults was 15% in 1970 and the figure inclined to 20% thirty years later. The proportions of both married and widowedadults saw drops during the three decades. Married adults accounted for 70% in 1970 while the figure was less than 60% in 2000. As for divorce rate, it had a significant rise form nearly 0% to almost 10%.
All in all, the period from 1970 to 2000 witnessed a huge change of marriages and divorces in America. Both the total number and percentage of marriage decreased while the proportions of never married and divorced people saw an upward trend.
流程图
The two diagrams illustrate how to produce cement and how to use cement to produce concrete.
Cement production is relatively complex and uses two materials. Firstly, limestone and clay are placed in the crusher, where these materials are crushed by the crusher. Then powder is mixed by the mixer, before being heated by the rotating heater. At the next stage, heated powder is sent to the grind, where it is grounded into cement. And finally cement is packed in the bags.
Concrete production is relatively simple. 15% of cement, 10% of water, 25% of sand and 50% of gravel, namely small stones are mix in the concrete mixer, where they turned out to be concrete.
All in all, cement production includes 5 stages and the outcome cement is one of the four raw materials of the concrete production.
地图
The maps show how an area changed during the period of 1780 to 2000.
In 1780, there were 100 homes located on the north-eastern corner with woods to the south. A river crossed the area from south to north with four farms in the middle of the region.
80 years later, the number of dwelling places doubled to 200, while the number of farms dropped by half and woods also shrank in size. A road was built in the north area, connecting the living place to the river. Another major change is that a bridge was constructed over the river.
In 2000, the number of homes suddenly increased to 500 and a newly built road, heading towards south replaced farm and woods area, which linked the dwelling places to the school and sports field in the south. Several shops opened to the right side of the downstream river with a wetland for birds to their south.
Overall, this area saw an increase in constructions such as dwelling places, schools and facilities, although farmland and forests were removed for new buildings and transportinfrastructure.
大作文
We live in cities or towns which have museums displaying historical and cultural importance, but people do not visit them. Why do you think people do not visit museums in their local areas？What is the importance of museums to society?
顾家北
Visiting museums is hardly a rewarding experience for many people, so they will not consider this option when they can spend leisure time on other activities. These museums do not organize new exhibitions that can keep up with the trends, or provide any form of entertainment like interactive games to attract the young audience. This is why a trip to a museum can hardly compete for attention with sports, picnics and parties. Another reason is that people can gather information about those artefacts on display on the Internet. They will increase knowledge about the stories behind and the cultural value of each item, without having to visiting the museum in person.
Museums can encourage visitors’ interest in their c ultural heritage and disseminate knowledge about a city or a county’s cultural assets. Some exhibitions may show ancient utensils used by previous generations, so people who attend these exhibitions may have a good idea of how traditional food was cooked. Some historical documents and paintings might show the architectural style which used to predominate, and many visitors might be impressed by the architectural achievements of their ancestors. With such knowledge, these visitors may make an effort to preserve some traditions and keep some old-fashioned cooking skills or building techniques alive.
Museums have also been operating as a center of learning, where young people can keep up to date with the cutting-edge technology in different fields. The aviation museums, for example, give children a glimpse of the airline industry and even space travel, including spaceships and equipment supporting astronauts who explored the outer space. The museum of archeology can show them how some species have died out, and possibly inspire them to do research in biology and extend our knowledge of how to preserve our ecosystem. They could not make contributions to social progress, if they did not have access to such knowledge.
Recently, an increasing number of people refused to pay a visit to museums in their local places. Personally, following reasons may account for the phenomenon.
Some people reckon museums as boring places so that they are never willing to visit. For example, the historical and cultural importance displayed there has never changed and there is no entertainment, such as interactive games. All these tend to left people a boring feeling. In contrast, people prefer to join some interesting activities such as ball games, picnic and dining out. Another reason is that nowadays people learn history and acquire science knowledge through internet rather than go to library in person. Information of the exhibition's the historical value and story can be easily accessed on line.
However, visiting museums play an important role in tradition inheriting. Ancient vessels provide us with traditional cooking methods while murals enable us to comprehend style of ancient architecture to some degree. It is advantageous for young people to pass on the culture if they have a good acknowledge of their own tradition by visiting museums.
Additionally, museums offer us the most advanced science and technology, which is beneficial to the development of the society. The latest development of space and universe in our country can be acquired in space museums and the young can understand the reason of creature extinction through visiting archaeology museums. Museums can motivate the interests of the adolescents and the young will accelerates the development of society in the future.
Overall, visiting museums is of great significance for both the individuals’ comprehending of culture and the development of our society.
顾家北
Visiting museums is hardly a rewarding experience for many people, so they will not consider this option when they can spend leisure time on other activities. These museums do not organise new exhibitions that can keep up with the trends, or provide any form of entertainment like interactive games to attract the young audience. This is why a trip to a museum can hardly compete for attention with sports, picnics and parties. Another reason is that people can gather information about those artefacts on display on the Internet. They will increase knowledge about the stories behind and the cultural value of each item, without having to visiting the museum in person.
Museums can encourage visitors’ interest in their cultural heritage and disseminate knowledge about a city or a county’s cultural assets. Some exhibitions may show ancient utensils used by previous generations, so people who attend these exhibitions may have a good idea of how traditional food was cooked. Some historical documents and paintings might show the architectural style which used to predominate, and many visitors might be impressed by the architectural achievements of their ancestors. With such knowledge, these visitors may make an effort to preserve some traditions and keep some old-fashioned cooking skills or building techniques alive.
Museums can also provide us with the latest technological advances, which is beneficial to the development of the society. For example, the aviation museums offer us latest knowledge of aeronautics while the archaeology museums help us comprehend the reason of extinction. This is why museums can not only motivate the interests of teenagers but also encourage them to study hard in a long run, which will accelerate the improvement of the society in the future. (Self-written paragraph)
The aviation museums spaceships, shuttles, astronauts, explore the outer space,
Some people think university education should provide students with skills of employment in the future while others believe that people should focus on academic study only. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
Some people think the increasing business and cultural contact between countries brings many positive effects. Others say it causes the loss of national identities. Discuss on both sides and give your opinion.
People rely more on foreign products and imitate traditions and culture of other countries, which lead to a hard way to pass on their own culture. For instance, too much reliance on the foreign cosmetics will surely shrink the demand of domestic market, which requires the local industry to downsize work force and thus traditional ways of making up will be abandoned. Additionally, those who are in favor of celebrating others’ festivals tend to give less priority to their own traditions. This will put the intangible culture heritage form our ancestors in a dangerous situation.
Many countries spend a lot of money in art. Some people think investment in art is necessary, but others say money is better spent on public services and facilities. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
翻译练习
1. 人们对政府赞助艺术（government sponsorship）有不同的看法，特别在国家遇到预算问题的时候。
People have adopted different attitudes towards government sponsorship of arts, especially when their countries’budgets are in the red.
2. 我觉得我们应该首先注重基础设施，只有政府有盈余的时候才去投资艺术。Personally, we should give priority to the public services and facilities, while investment in arts is an option only when finance is surplus.
3. 很多人支持艺术的投资认为艺术可以让我们的城市更加地漂亮和吸引人。Those who are in favor of arts investments harbor the idea that arts enable our city to be a more glorious and attractive one.
4. 艺术作品譬如说雕塑，绘画，塑像，可以让我们的公共场所，譬如说图书馆、地铁站、甚至公共厕所都非常地漂亮。
Art works, such as sculptures, paintings and statues, will add color to the public places, such as libraries, metro stations and even restrooms.
5. 如果艺术行业繁荣发展，城市的建筑也有各种风格，我们可以更好地享受城市的生活。
Prosperous development of arts will lead to various styles of architectures, thus we will enjoy a better city life.
6. 接触艺术让我们减少压力，也会让我们心情更好。
Arts will also load off our pressure and thus provide us with a better mood.
主体部分第二段
7. 虽然艺术如此重要, 很多人认为公共设施更加应该获得政府的资助。Although art is of so great significance, a majority of people reckon that infrastructures are more imperative to be sponsored.
8. 普通公民对公共设施(譬如说, 水电供应, 学校, 图书馆, 道路)更感兴趣,这
些设施对他们生活质量有直接的影响。
Common citizens are more conscious of public services (electricity and water supply, schools, libraries and roads), since these are what directly contribute to their living quality.
9. 好的卫生条件和获得干净水可以提高大众的健康和减少疾病，而学校和图书馆可以普及知识，提高人们的工作前景。
Access to sanitary condition and purified water can improve public’s fitness and decrease diseases while schools and libraries spread acknowledge so as to better their career prospects.
10. 相比之下，对于大部分人来说，雕塑、绘画或者歌剧是奢侈品（luxury items），不可能给他们带来什么实际的（tangible）好处。
In contrast, sculptures, paintings and operas are luxury items for the majority, which will never bring them any tangible advantages.
主体部分第三段
11. 我自己的看法是公共设施促进经济发展，从而使政府有钱去资助艺术。
As for my part, public facilities will enhance the economic development and enable the government to sponsor arts.
12. 譬如说，投资交通系统可以让人们上下班容易，提高生产力，而投资高铁和飞机场可以让物品运输更加方便。
For instance, investment in transportation system makes urban commute easier, while investment in high-speed rail and airport makes good transportation more convenient.
13. 有了这些设施，城市可以吸引投资，变得更加富裕，人们生活更好。
The city can attract more investments with these facilities and thus people will embrace a richer and better life.
14. 相比之下，投资艺术很多时候在短时间很难获得一个好的经济回报。
On the contrary, investment in art is hard to receive an economic reward in a short run.
15. 因此，我认为即便艺术让我们的城市更加美丽，我认为政府的重心应该是在公共设施上。
As a result, even though art makes our city more beautiful, I insist that the government should lay emphasis on public services and facilities.
顾家北
句1 Citizens hold different views about government sponsorship towards the art, especially when facing budget problems.
改：这个分词结构有歧义，不大清楚是修饰government，还是citizens
正：People have different views about government funding for the arts, especially when a country struggles with budget deficits.
句2 I reckon that we should give priority to infrastructures and then to invest in the art when having a surplus.
改：to invest 不清楚是否和前面的to对称，因为前面的to是个介词
正：I reckon that we should give priority to essential services and infrastructures and then fund the arts when governments have a budget surplus.
句3 Many people support to provide funds on arts, which can make our cities more appealing and attractive.
改：没有support to的表达; funds on 也不是习惯的表达
正：Many people support the public funds for the arts, which can make our cities more visually attractive.
句4 The work of art such as sculptures, painting and statues can make public places like library, metro station and even bathroom pretty.
改：library 这些名词都是可数名词，要加复数
正：It is true that artworks, including sculptures, paintings and statues can decorate public facilities such as libraries, metro stations, or even toilets, and increase the artistic appeal of these places.
句5 If the art industry developed prosperously, and the different buildings of cities also have the unique styles. And for the reason, we will enjoy the city life better.
改：developed时态不对；第一句话没有主句，有两个连词，
正：If the art industry prospers, cities have a mix of different architectural styles and we are more likely to enjoy urban life.
句6 If we are exposed to art, it can decrease our pressure and make our mood well.
改：well是个副词，一般make something+形容词
正：Exposure to artworks can reduce our pressure and put us in a good mood.
句7 Though the art is very important, many people think the public facilities should be focused more and should get the government sponsorship firstly.
改：focused more一般不这么表达；如果是art单独写，不需要用定冠词
正：Although the funding for the arts is important, many people would argue that public facilities deserve more of public money.
句8 Ordinary people are more interested in public facilities(such as water and electricity power, schools, libraries，roadways),which has a direct impact on their living standards.
改：一般当你列举几个名词的时候，要用and相连；定语从句的has和前面的名词不一致
正：Ordinary people are more interested in public facilities (such as water and electricity supply networks, schools, libraries and roads), which have a direct impact on their living standards.
句9 For example, good sanitation and clean water can improve people’s fitness and reduce disease and schools and libraries can popularize knowledge and give people a promising career.
改：disease可数名词，最好用复数；schools前面的and不恰当，因为太多并列的成分
正：For example, good sanitation and clean water can improve people’s health and reduce diseases, while schools and libraries can disseminate knowledge and improve young people’s job prospects.
句10 In contrast, works of art, such as paintings and operas, are luxury items to most people and are not likely to bring them tangible benefits.
改：operas不是works of art，所以不能作为works of art的例子
正：In contrast, sculptures, paintings and operas are luxury items to most people and are not likely to bring tangible benefits to them.
句11 From my perspective, governments need to support the public facilities first, and this can promote the economic development.
改：public facilities, economic development前面都不用加the，因为不用特指
正：In my view, improvements in public facilities can promote economy development so that the government can have enough money to invest in art.
句12 For example, investment in transport system make it easy for people to go to work, so the productivity can be improved, while investment in high-speed rails and airports can make transportation more easier.
改：system可数名词，要用冠词；investment make主谓不一致；more easier没有这个表达
正：For example, the investment in the transport system can improve the productivity of working people by making daily commuting easier, while the public spending on high-speed railway systems and airports can ensure that cargo can be delivered faster. 句13 As a result, cities can attract investment and become wealthy, people’s living standards can also be improved.
改：两个句子没有连词
正：Cities can attract investment and become wealthy, so people’s living standards can also be improved.
句14 By contrast, people are hard to get a good economic feedback by investing arts in a short time.
改：人不能说hard to；invest是不及物动词，不能不加介词
正：By contrast, the investment in the arts cannot create such returns in a short time. 句15 Therefore, I think the government should focus on developing public facilities rather than art even it is useful to make our city more charming.
改：even是副词，不是连词；没有something is useful to do something的说法正：To sum up, I believe that the government should focus on services and facilities vital to the wellbeing of the general publi c, even though artistic projects have made our cities spectacular.
Around the world, more adults can work from home and more children can study from home as computer technologies become cheaper and more accessible. Do you think it is a positive or negative development?
Since computer has found its way to every household, an increasing number of people prefer to work and study at home. This phenomenon has both positive and negative aspects.
Computer technologies enable people to finish their tasks and have access to new knowledge without going outside. This not only loads off the pressure of traffic but also protects the environment, since fewer vehicles are needed for urban commute and fewer contaminative emissions are released. Also, working and studying at home saves time. By doing so, efficiency will be increased even though the urban sprawl has lengthened commute time.
Nevertheless, the option may be detrimental to our fitness. Sedentary work in front of computer exposes our eyes to radiation and is more likely to lead to an obese figure. Additionally, studying and working at home is often connected with low efficiency, since people tend to be loaf on the job without accompanying and monitoring. For example, kids, who lack of self-discipline, are easy to distract their attention without the supervision of teachers. Lastly, people are social creatures. In order to form a
well-rounded personality, it is necessary for both adults and adolescents to establish friendships with their colleges and classmates. Researches imply that certain psychological diseases are, to some degree, caused by the lack of communication with his/her peers.
All in all, although the advanced technologies bring convenience to our life, we should be aware of its downside and make a compromise to use it moderately.
顾家北
替换词Teleworking, telecommuting, teleworkers, working at home.
Attend online courses, watch videos online, attend some video lessons, attend some distance learning courses.
Teleworking and attending distance learning courses have become increasingly popular, since many households today have computers with Internet connection. This can reduce our carbon footprint, but the overall effect is negative.
Since/ as/ because Teleworkers can get distracted easily, either by domestic tasks or by the noise of their family, they cannot concentrate on work easily and complete work in a timely manner.
Children who lack self-discipline may watch TV or play games, instead of doing homework, which can lead to poor grades and hamper their intellectual development. These problems can be avoided, if employees work in the office with colleagues and children study at school.
学术与就业技术并重.
解释：掌握基本的工作步骤和做法，可以迅速融入工作环境。
解释2熟悉各种理论，可以解决一些非常规问题。
譬如说：一个病人如何接待，如何检查，这是基本技能，需要学会，而这个病人的病症比较特殊，要有很多的理论知识才可以确定最好的治疗方法。However, emphasis is supposed to be laid on both academic study and working skills. Mastering basic steps and comprehending working methods enable people to be attuned to their working environment quickly, while being familiar with various theories provides us with solutions to uncommon problems. For instance, as a doctor, how to treat and check the patient is basic skill which is compulsory for them to learn. But if the patient is suffering from a rare disease, a raft of knowledge is needed so as to find a best therapeutic method.
小作文顾家北
The graph compares four companies of the car industry in terms of the time they spent producing one car during a seven-year period.
In 1998, General Motors spent up to 36 hours producing one car, the longest time among these producers, but the company s ucceeded in reducing the length of time steadily throughout the period,reaching around 25 hours in 2005. In contrast, the time for car production in Ford climbed in the first three years, and the year 2001 marked the point where Ford surpassed GM and became the carmaker using the longest time producing one vehicle. This did not change, despite a decline to 26 hours in 2005.
The figure for Toyota remained basically unchanged at 22 hours, in spite of some fluctuation. Honda was the most efficient carmaker in 1998 (producing one car within
18 hours) and it enjoyed this status in 2005 with less than 22 hours, although the figure rose to 25 hours in 2000.
Overall, the gap between these companies narrowed in terms of the efficiency of car production, and Honda spent less time producing one car than its competitors. However, it experienced an ongoing downward trend, by 2002, the figure has dropped dramatically to about 24 hours, and then it decreased slightly to 24 hours in 2005
错误的原因：时态错误；by 2002前面写逗号不恰当
提升的句子：However, it showed a downward trend, dropping dramatically to 24 hours in 2005.
Some people think that companies and individuals, rather than the government, should pay for cleaning up pollution. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement?
A 个人，企业pay，注意自我行为，治理更有成效
B个人，企业pay，减少政府的压力，政府可以投资其他的环保项目
C 个人，公司pay ，资金充足，更有成效
D 政府pay，想出最省钱的方法治理污染，剩下的钱可以benefit people
E政府负责，资金多，处理彻底
Whether companies and citizens or governments are responsible for cleaning up pollution has raised a heated discussion. While different people hold different attitudes to it, I firmly stand on the mutual side.
By paying attention to the behavior of themselves, individuals and companies make it easier and more efficient to the protection. Since the power of a country’s government is limited, enterprises and the public can complete the goal without spend too much effort. Meanwhile, since the fee is paid by the citizens, governments can divert recourses to other underfunded environmental projects.
However, if we only charge individuals and companies for the cleaning-up operation, they will not be equipped enough money no matter to struggle for a living or to expand the production scale. By contrast, if we let governments to handle this problem, things will be much easier to get down. Since governments have the power to control and allocate the resources, they might come up with the best plan under a reasonable budget. And the savings will, in return, benefit the citizens. What’s more, governments harbor a greater sense of responsibility and own sufficient funds, which will enable the problem to be solved thoroughly.
Personally speaking, joint efforts should be given by both governments and individuals, since we are living under the same blue sky. And if all units, no matter
citizens or companies, lend a hand and share the payments of cleaning, our society will be a paradise to live in.
顾家北
If companies and citizens are responsible for the expenses of clean-up operation, it is easier to achieve the target of preserving the environment.
Another benefit is that governments can divert resources to those underfunded environmental projects.
On the other hand, public funds should be used to support those clean-up projects which require substantial investment.
环境保护类 一．环境问题 1.气候变化、全球变暖：climate change global warming 2.空气污染、垃圾增多：air pollution increase of rubbish / garbage 3.能源危机、缺水、森林砍伐：energy crisis water shortage deforestation 4.自然灾害、酸雨、沙尘暴、干旱、水灾： natural disasters acid rain stand storm drought flood 二．原因（根本） 人口增长工业发展人类活动 Population growth industrial development long-term human activities 三．方法 1.世界方面: 全球合作达成共识制定环境保护国际准Global cooperation reach agreement set international standard s for 2.政府方面： 环保政策鼓励低碳经济发展 Work out / make / enact environmental policy encourage low carbon economy 3.企业方面： 推出环保产品引领大众绿色 消费习惯 Promote environmental products / production lead green consuming habits Environmental-friendly 4.个人: 提升环保意识倡导低碳生活方式 Improve public’s green awareness encourage / advocate low carbon life style Raise Arouse Increase 5．科技： 开发可再生清洁能源投资开发节能科技 Exploit renewable clean energy invest in energy-saving technologies 你认为环保一定是政府或企业的责任吗? 范文 第一段：（背景句）environmental protection is one of the most important challenges almost every countries is facing . (复合句) 六种：宾从、定从..... however ，whether only government and big firms have resources and powers to preserve our environment is a controversial issue .
副词 常用的 actually 实际上真实地 [ Actually, it bores me stiff. ] totally 完全地 [ I totally agree. 我完全同意。] eventually最后[ so that amazing progress eventually occurs in short periods.] recently 最近 [ has recently come into fashion ] absolutely [是, 当然是; 正是如此 Do you think so? Absolutely. 你是这样想吗? 当然是。] largely 很大程度上 大部分 [largely depend on.....] basically 基本上 currently 现在当前普遍地通常地 probably 大概或许 surely 确切地 [i'd surely be a hippie child] personally 就自已而言亲自地 seriously 严肃地, 认真地, 严重地 表时间 afterwards然后后来, later稍后随后, eventually最后终于, hence 从此今后 from this time/from now 从此今后directly直接地立即,
quickly很快地, shortly立刻不久, soon 不久马上nowadays现今, presently目前不久, lately近来的, 表频率 constantly, continuously不断地经常地repeatedly重复地再三地, frequently经常地, occasionally 偶尔地, seldom 很少不常, rarely 很 少地, yearly, monthly, weekly 表逻辑accordingly 相应地In accordance; correspondingly. likewise 同样地照样* The food was excellent, (and) likewise the wine. 菜 好极了, 酒也是. * I'm going to bed and you would be well advised to do likewise. 我要睡觉了, 你 最好也睡吧. accordingly 因此, consequently 因此, hence 因此, thereby 因此由此 merely 只不过仅仅merely a flesh wound.仅仅是皮肉伤 furthermore, moreover, besides nevertheless, nonetheless; however 仍然 * He is often rude to me, but I like him nevertheless.他时常对我粗鲁无礼, 但我还很 喜欢他. In spite of sth; 尽管 regardless 无论 如何 continues to work regardless.不顾后果地继 续工作 表语气 actually, definitely, undoubtedly,absolutely
科技 SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 在这部分，你的任务是： 一，背诵话题词汇短语 二，为题目列出英文提纲 基础词汇短语 advanced science 尖端科学 scientific invention 科学发明 exert a far-reaching impact on…对…产生一种深远的影响 double-edged sword 双刃剑 earth-shaking changes 翻天覆地的改变 pay the way for the future development 为未来的发展铺平道路 lay a solid foundation for…为…打下良好的基础 energy crisis 能源危机 depletion of resources 能源消耗 milestone 里程碑 sophisticated equipment 尖端设备 technical innovation 科技创新 expediency 权宜之计 antithetical 与…背道而驰的 over-commercialized 过渡商业化的 a heated discussion 热烈的讨论 exhaust gas 废气 disastrous 灾难性的 overshadow 使…相形见绌 compared to/with…与…相比 usher in 引领 speedy and comfortable 既快捷又舒适 opposite forces 负面影响 a fatal breakdown 致命故障 potential hazards 潜在危险 pose a threat to…对…有一种威胁 promote relative industries 促进相关产业发展 accelerate 加速… means of transportation 交通方式 transportation tools 交通工具 social status 社会地位 environmentally-friendly resources 环保的能源 make people's life easier 使人们生活更方便 alternative fuel 可替代燃料
1.依靠：dependon=relyon 2.导致：leadto=cause=resultin 3.源于：resultfrom=stemfrom 4.使用：use=apply 5.利用：takeadvantageof=makeuseof 6.带来：bring=provide=offer=supply 7.努力做：makemosteffortsto=workhardto=striveto 8.花时间做：spendtime/money/energy/lifeonsth/doingsth 9.专注于：focuson=payattentionto=concentrateto 10.分心/打扰： distractsbfromsth=disturbsb/sth=interruptsb/sth=obsesssbwithsthdistraction=diver sion=disturbance 11.起到作用：servetodo=playarole in doing = have a function to do = make a contribution to (对……做出贡献) 12.目的是：attempt to do = have an intention to do/of = have a purpose to do/of = have an objective to do/of = aim at doing/sth 13.为了：in order to do = for the purpose of doing/sth = with the view of doing/sth 14.有利于：bring benefits to = be benefitial to = bring advantages to 15.有害于：bring harms to = damage sth = ruin sth = undermine sth = be harmful to/for = be detrimental to/for 16.威胁到：endanger sb/sth = risk sb/sth = threaten sb/sth = place sb/sth into the danger/risk/threat 17.影响：have (positive/negative) effects/influence/impacts on sth 18.强调：stress = emphasize 19.忽略：ignore = neglect = overlook 20.联系：connect to/with = communicate with = contact to/with = have an access to = associate with(和……相关) 21.处理：deal with = cope with = handle = tackle 22.避免/预防/远离：keep A from B = prevent A from B = A avoid B = A refrain from B = A be away from B
环境类--雅思范文 1. Environmental problems are too big for individual countries and individual people to address. We have reached the stage where the only way to protect the environment is to address it at an international level. To what extent do you agree or disagree? Nowadays, environmental problem has been the focus of a debate. Among these related problems, the issue of international efforts in combating environmental pollution is an extremely acute one. It is firmly believed that the benefits of large scale groups have remarkable impact on our society, especially on environment and animals aspects. First and foremost, environmental pollution is a problem that beyond national borders. This is because the destructive effects that it brought cannot be solved without the co-operation of all the countries in the world. A case in point is the occurrence of extreme weather condition, like La Nina in terms of heavy flood and drought; in addition to, global warming, acid rain that happen in many parts of the world. Due to its chronic and perpetual environment effect, it is necessary for the countries on the earth to form an association and join hands to protect our land from further environment deterioration. Another reason is that it is urgent to set up international alliance to prevent the shrinking space of animals' habitat. It is due to the fact that, local ecosystem has gradually been destroyed all over the world. For instance, Mountain Gorilla has loss its natural habitat to human beings, for being continually developing housing estate deep into the forest. Thus, the breaking down of ecosystem has pushed species closer to the brink of extinction. Hence, it is cleared that the prevention of declining the numbers of rare animals need the joint efforts from many administrative agencies in the world. In conclusion, I totally agree with the idea that international collaboration and cooperation in tackling environmental pollution is positively affects the sustainable development on earth. It is expected that environmental preservation can be greatly enhanced through cultivating environmental awareness around the people in every countries in the foreseeable future.
Technology & media 类 科技类 People today can perform the everyday tasks such as shopping, banking or even business transactions, without meeting others face-to-face. What effects will this phenomenon have on individuals and society as a whole? 开头段（不少于3+1句） The interactivity of the Internet and the mobile phone has enabled a multitude of people to purchase their desired items or pay their phone bills without stepping out of their offices or homes. And many others can even register for tests or sign contracts online. This sweeping trend of going about everyday business in the virtual world has triggered a marked decline in face-to-face contact between people. Thus, it is essential that we identify the implication of this trend on both individuals and society as a whole. 主体段1（不少于1+6句） The impact of this phenomenon on individuals is profound. First, Individual efficiency in business transaction and banking will be greatly enhanced. And those who dread shopping are spared the chore of browsing around in shops. Secondly, the increasingly sedentary lifestyle will engender a higher incidence of ailment. More overweight people means more patients suffering from cardiovascular diseases such as vein hardening, diabetes and hypertension. Thirdly, the absence of face-to-face contact may induce distrust between business partners. An inherent sense of disbelief is apt to ruin a telecommunicated negotiation when negotiators can only see videos of each other transmitted via the Internet. 主体段2（不少于1+6句） This trend also has widespread repercussions on society as a whole. In the first place, the burgeoning e-commerce will, doubtless, boost corporate efficiency immeasurably. And higher efficiency means more earnings and less costs for businesses. In the second place, online fraud, be it banking or trading, retail or wholesale, is sure to abound in the cyberspace. We must search for practicable and effectual means of curbing it. In the third place, the proliferation of e-commerce may exacerbate man's overdependence on technology. And that can render our lives unspontaneous and our tempo of life too fast and furious. 结尾段（不少于2句）
在雅思写作的四大评分标准当中，连贯性与衔接性是其中的一项评分标准，连贯性与衔接性其中一方面就是用连接手段（即连接词）来实现的。连接词本身是非常繁琐的知识，在教授连接词时也会遇到很多困难，那么学连接词首先把连接词词性掌握并掌握各词性的用法，学连接词就简便得多。朗阁海外考试研究中心分析认为，连接词大体可分为四种词性：连词，副词，介词和短语，它们各自的用法又不一样。 连词 如but, and,后接句子，连接并列句时前面逗号可有可无。当然连词也可放句首，这一点在考官范文里有很多体现。 例：In the past, populations were partly regulated by frequent war and widespread disease, but in recent years the effects of those factors have been diminished. (并列句中的连词) 段落开始：But how should it be achieved ( 连词放句首) 介词 如before, despite：后接名词或动名词 例：Before talking about the essential role of death penalty, you have to think about the meaning, and the purpose, of any kind of punishment. 副词 副词连接并列句，前面用句号或分号，后面用逗号（当然，如果副词前用句号，那就是另起一句了，不称之为并列句） 例：In many places today, children start primary school at around the age of six or seven. However, because it is more likely now that both parents work, there is little opportunities for children to stay in their own home up to that age.( 副词另起一句) The crime rate is increasingly high; therefore, the government needs to enforce more laws to curb this situation. ( 副词在并列句中) 短语 如on the contrary, in addition：用法和副词用法完全一样 例：They feel this is one area of life where they have the right to make decisions for themselves. For that reason, it would seem that the best approach would be work by persuasion rather than compulsion. The government plays a crucial role in scientific research; on the other hand, private companies hold certain advantages in conducting scientific research. ( 短语在并列句中) 掌握连接词的四大词性及用法以后，连接词的教学和运用就容易展开。我们可以参看考官范文，看看各类关系的时候考官如何使用连接词，使文章凸显出来。 因果关系 根据词性及用法可归结于: because / since/ as / for, so (连词), because of/ due to / owing to/ as a result of (介词) for that reason/as a result/ therefore/ accordingly (短语和副词) 例：I think the amount of waste produced is also as a result of our tendency to use sth once and throw it away. （可代替词汇because of/ due to / owing to）
2019年雅思写作范文：环境污染的方式 题目：Explain some of the ways in which humans are damaging the environment. What can governments do to address these problems? What can individual people do? 范文： Humans are responsible for a variety of environmental problems, but we can also take steps to reduce the damage that we are causing to the planet. This essay will discuss environmental problems and the measures that governments and individuals can take to address these problems. Two of the biggest threats to the environment are air pollution and waste. Gas emissions from factories and exhaust fumes from vehicles lead to global warming, which may have a devastating effect on the planet in the future. As the human population increases, we are also producing ever greater quantities of waste, which contaminates the earth and pollutes rivers and oceans. Governments could certainly make more effort to reduce air pollution. They could introduce laws to limit emissions from factories or to force companies to use renewable energy from solar, wind or water power. They could also impose ‘green taxes’ on drivers and airline companies. In this way, people would be encouraged to use public transport and to take fewer flights abroad, therefore reducing emissions. Individuals should also take responsibility for the impact they have on the environment. They can take public transport rather than driving, choose products with less
雅思写作72个必备经典句型 1.It作先行主语和先行宾语的一些句型 She had said what it was necessary to say。 2.强调句型 It is not who rules us that is important, but how he rules us。 3.“All+抽象名词”或“抽象名词+itself”(very+形容词) He was all gentleness to her。 4.利用词汇重复表示强调 A crime is a crime。 5.“something(much)of”和“nothing(little)of”“something of”相当于“to some extent”，表示程度。在疑问句或条件从句中，则为“anything of ”，可译为“有点”，“略微等。”“译为毫无”，“全无”。“much of”译为“大有”，“not much of”可译为“算不上”，“称不上”，“little of”可译为“几乎无”。 something like译为“有点像，略似。” They say that he had no university education, but he seems to be something of a scholar。 6.同格名词修饰是指of前后的两个名词都指同一个人或物，“of”以及它前面的名词构一个形容词短语，以修饰“of”后面的那个名词。如“her old sharper of a father”，可译为：“她那骗子般的父亲”。 Those pigs of girls eat so much。 7.as…as…can(may)beIt is as plain as plain can be。 8.“It is in(with)…as in(with)” It is in life as in a journey。 9.“as good as…”相等于，就像，几乎如;实际上，其实，实在。 The merchant as good as promised the orphan boy, that he would adopt him。 10.“many as well…as”和“might as well …as” “many as well…as”可译为“与其……，不如……，更好”，“以这样做……为宜”，“如同……，
雅思大作文常用词汇替换 大家都知道，写雅思作文的时候有个很大的问题就是腹中纵有千言万语，表达出来却都是小学词语。词汇量是拦路虎，但是要克服它却不是一朝一夕的事情。怎么办呢，最高效的办法就是背诵老师们精挑细选出来的常用替换词语了。下面的单词是我们单词系列里的第一部分，针对所有话题的大总结，也是最最常用的。每组里第一个单词是大家最常用的，后面的单词是它的替换词。需要注意的是，每个词的意思还是有小小的区别与常见的搭配，这点也是我给班上的学生讲解的重点，自己备考的同学可以通过查字典和例句来体会这些单词用法的区别。 1.people n. individuals, men, human beings, humanity 2.solve v. resolve, tackle, address, deal with 3.reason n. cause, 4.destroy v. ruin, devastate, harm(伤害), 5.influence, n. effect, impact v. affect 6.dangers n. hazards, perils 7.obvious adj. apparent, evident, manifest 8.good adj. beneficial, positive, meaningful, desirable, 9.bad adj. harmful, negative, baneful 10.famous adj. well-known, prominent, eminent, fame n., reputation n. 11.big adj. huge, vast, enormous, tremendous, immense 12.main adj. major, dominant, predominant, 13.poor adj. deprived, impoverished, poverty n. 14.rich adj. well-off, wealthy, affluent, prosperous +country/economy 15.enough adj. sufficient, adequate, abundant 16. a lot of, a host of, a great deal of +可数/不可数名词 a vast number of +可数 a large amount of + 不可数提示: great, vast, large可以互换位置 17.advantage n. benefit, merit, strong point 18.disadvantage n. drawback, weakness, weak point 19.improve v. enhance, boost, promote, augment, 20.claim v. argue, insist, assert, 21.agree with v. conform to, accord with 22.disagree with v. oppose to, be against 23.ban v. forbid, prohibit prohibition n. 24.obstruct v. hinder, impede obstruction n. obstacle barrier
雅思作文题目必备的十个雅思话题 一、教育类别 1. 教育会囊括一些什么内容？ 母题：It is generally believed that education is of vital importance to the development of individuals and the well-being of societies. What should education consist of to fulfill both these functions? (050312) 提示：本题围绕教育的两大功能来展开（个人与社会），准备好这篇文章，即可应付教育类话题中的最大分支—教育的功能，做到以不变应万变。对于社会角度，可以从促进经济发展、增加社会流动性(social mobility)、维护社会稳定这几个方面来展开，对于个人，可以写改变思维模式、有利于就业和便利生活来写。 子题：大学应当教授理论知识还是实践技能？大学的是应当把学生培养成合格的公民还是让他们自己得益？准备未来职业最好的方法是 上大学还是尽快离校积累工作经验？大学要不要扩招？中学阶段应 当提供通才教育还是专才教育？要不要延长义务教育年限？要不要 让农村地区的学生更容易上学？老师要教学生如何判断是非吗？ 2. 学校的科目谁来选择？
母题：Some people think that the government should decide which subjects students should study at the university, while others think that students should be allowed to apply for the subject they prefer. Discuss the two views and give your opinion. (060916) 提示：这类题目采取的策略就是“双批判”，因为题目中提供的两种选择往往都是错误的。 子题1：政府选课or 老师选课？学生选择所有的科目or根据兴趣自行选择？ 子题2：要不要学国际新闻？要不要学历史？要不要中学阶段就学习外语？要不要学数学哲学这类的科目？ 3. 什么样的教学方式最好？ 母题：Many people use distance-learning programmes (study material post, TV, Internet, etc.) to study at home, but some people think that it cannot bring the benefit as much as attending college or university. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion? (041113, 081023, 100515) 提示：远程教育最大的好处，就在于三个any：anybody, anywhere, any time. 缺点是缺乏师生之间以及学生之间的interaction, 缺乏
雅思考试大作文范文四篇科技类 网为考生们提供最新最全的雅思写作范文,希望对大家有帮助。 雅思大作文范文：电脑VS老师 It is witnessed that computer technology hasbrought human beings uncountable benefits and aneducational revolution seemingly can be expected hence a substitution of teachers in theclassroom. As to discuss this controversial issue, opinions vary from person to person. On the one hand, the teacher plays an important role as a supervisor as well as aconductor in the classroom (topic sentence).It is commonly believed that adolescents are tooyoung to distinguish the good from the bad and they need correct guidance from decentadults; otherwise, they might stray from the right way. Children are always easy to becomeaddicted to computer games, which have too much violent and pornographic propaganda.Without teachers' guidance, most children would spend hours playing fascinating games oncomputers instead of studying useful knowledge during school times. Moreover, a teacher in theclassroom may organize a discussion on a complicated or
雅思作文环境类作文
7月26日雅思写作解析与范文（环境话题） 题目：Some people think that environmental problems are too big for individuals to solve. Others, however, believe that these problems cannot be solved if individuals do not take actions. Discuss both views and give your own opinion. 解析： 环境话题是雅思考试每年的必考题，今年更是多次考到。这类话题主要涉及能源、资源和生态环境。7月26号这个题目也算是环境话题里的老题目了。前几年曾经多次出现这个题目。 保护环境当然是每个人的责任，只不过政府的责任更大。本文的主体段第一段是写得个人力量有限，主要靠政府的法律和行政权力（legal and administrative power），以及企业的财力和技术。举了几个例子，比如政府颁布法律（enact strict laws），惩罚排放污水（discharge waste water）的企业，开发新技术等等，这些都是个人力量无法做到的。 主体第二段写得是个人能够为保护环境做一些事情，依然采用举例论证，比如节约用水，减少开车。这些都是individuals能够做的事情，都能够节约资源，改进城市空气质量。这些素材在之前的环境类话题中也多次写到过。 最后一段进行总结。政府、个人，包括全社会的每一个成员都应该参与保护环境。 There is no doubt human society is faced with serious environmental problems and immediate measures should be taken to solve these problems. However, what role ordinary people should play in environmental protection is a topic of debate. Some people think that the power of the individual is too small and the solution to environmental problems lies with the government and large enterprises. If the government can use legal and administrative power to