Unit 2
Color
?related to color preferences and to express their opinions regarding what color to choose.
?Get students to learn to grasp the global and detailed information in the exercises in Testing Your Ears.
?Get students to master the key words, expressions and structures in the text, and grasp the main idea of the text.
1. Talk about the meanings different colors represent.
2. Discuss how to choose a suitable color.
Ⅱ. Reading
1. V ocabularies
2. Structures
Ⅲ. Writing
Ⅰ. Revision
Ⅱ. Listening & Speaking
◆Getting into the Topic
◆Testing Your Ears
Ⅲ. Reading
◆Warming Up
◆ Background Information
◆ Detailed Study of the Text
◆ Further Practice
Ⅳ. Writing
Ⅴ. Assignments
Ⅰ. Revision
1. Check all the exercises in Unit 1.
2. Get students to practice the key words and expressions in Unit 1.
3. Ask students to translate the following sentences into Chinese.
a. There is an unpleasant smell in the room.
房间里一股讨厌的味道。
b. Throughout the three-day holiday, I stayed inside my house.
整整三天假期里，我都呆在家里。
c. The fundamental rule of any game is to compete fair and square.
任何比赛的根本原则都是公平竞争。
d. He lost the game due to lack of experienc
e.
由于缺乏经验，他输掉了比赛。
e. Either Tom or Jack should be responsible for the result.
汤姆和杰克中有一人要为结果负责。
4. Ask students to make sentences by using the following phrases and structures. a. remind … of
b. make an effort
c. head on
d. the more …, the more …
e. as if
Ⅱ. Listening & Speaking
◆ Getting into the Topic
1. Let students brainstorm words, expressions, and sentence patterns associated the meanings different colors represent.
2. Help students elicit the following words:
3. Ask students to figure out the associations between colors and emotions.
4. Highlight the paint colors mentioned in the passage.
? Blue is a good color for bedrooms.
? Orange is good for dining rooms and kitchens.
? Green and blue are popular for bathrooms.
? White, light yellow, and light blue are liked most for living rooms.
5. Get students to retell the main idea of the passage in Getting into the Topic.
6. Script of the passage
in Getting into the Topic
Testing Your Ears
Pre-teach the following words and expressions.
Section A
1. Play the recording for the first time and ask students to finish Task 1.
Key: √Classmates
Note: The answers can be inferred from Jim ’s question — “Oh, that’s me. How
can you tell since we have been in the same class for just a few days?”
2. Play the recording for the second time and ask students to finish Task 2.
Key: 1-F 2-F 3-F 4-T 5-T
Note: The answers can be inferred from the following lines in the dialogue:
Ana: Some researchers found
that color preference has something to do with
who we are.
Jim: That ’s quiet interesting. So that means colors preference is related to our
characters.
—Statement 1
Jim: Well, I like yellow, orange and red.
—Statement 2
Jim: That ’s quite interesting. So that means colors preference is related to our
characters.
—Statement 3 Ana: I prefer grays and blues.
—Statement 4 Ana: That means I am quiet, shy and I would rather follow than lead.
—Statement 5
3. Check answers. Explain the key points. Highlight the following expressions:
color preference
have something to do with
be related to
according to
4. Script of the dialogue in Section A
Section B
1.Play the recording for the first time and ask students to finish Task 3.
Key: √The man will attend a friend’s wedding.
√The man and the woman are probably in a tailor’s shop.
Note: The answers can be inferred from the following lines in the dialogue:
M: Can you help me pick out some cloth for a suit? I’m going to get one made for a friend’s wedding.
M: Let’s go talk to the tailor about getting it made.
2.Play the recording for the second time and ask students to finish Task 4.
Key: 1-B 2-C 3-D 4-B
Note: The answers can be inferred from the following lines in the dialogue:
M: It depends on the price, but I was thinking of getting a wool and cotton blend.
—Question 1 M: That may be true, but black is so boring. Anyway, I already have three black suits. I might as well get a suit that’s different from the rest.
—Question 2
W: Why don’t you just get black? Black suits are always fashionable and can be worn for anything—a funeral, a wedding, a job interview—anything!
—Question 3 W: Here are two different shades of brown. Which one do you prefer?
M: I like the one on the left, but I don’t like the pattern on it.
W: How about this one? There is no pattern on it
M: I think that will do. Let’s go talk to the tailor about getting it made.
—Question 4
3. Check answers. Explain the key points. Highlight the following expressions:
It depends on …
The more … the better
That may be true, but …
I might as well …
How about …
4. Script of the dialogue in Section B
Section C
1. Play the recording twice. Get students to finish Task 5.
Key: 1. suit 2. wear 3. bright white 4. summer tone
5. work best with
6. most suitable
7. choose
8. try
Note: The first playing intends students to grasp the main idea of the passage.
During the second playing, pause after each blank for students to write their answers. Have students check answers with each other. Then call on volunteers to read their answers to the class.
2. Play the recording for the third time to check answers.
3. Script of the passage in Section C
Ⅲ. Reading
◆Warming Up
1.Ask students to complete the listed equations. Engage students to think.
2.Ask the three questions in exercise 2 and have students answer them.
◆Background Information
Different Meanings of Colors
Colors often have different meanings in various cultures. And even in Western societies, the meanings of various colors have changed over the years. But today in the US, researchers have generally found the following to be accurate.
Black
Black is the color of authority and power. It is popular in fashion because it makes people appear thinner. It is also stylish and timeless. Black also implies submission. Priests wear black to signify submission to God. Some fashion experts say a woman wearing black implies submission to men. Black outfits can also be overpowering, or make the wearer seem aloof or evil. Villains, such as Dracula, often wear black.
White
Brides wear white to symbolize innocence and purity. White reflects light and is considered a summer color. White is popular in decorating and in fashion because it is light, neutral, and goes with everything. However, white shows dirt and is therefore more difficult to keep clean than other colors. Doctors and nurses wear white to imply sterility.
Red
The most emotionally intense color, red stimulates a faster heartbeat and breathing. It is also the color of love. Red clothing gets noticed and makes the wearer appear heavier. Since it is an extreme color, red clothing might not help people in negotiations or confrontations. Red cars are popular targets for thieves. In decorating, red is usually used as an accent. Decorators say that red furniture should be perfect since it will attract attention.
Blue
The color of the sky and the ocean, blue is one of the most popular colors. It causes the opposite reaction as red. Peaceful, tranquil blue causes the body to produce calming chemicals, so it is often used in bedrooms. Blue can also be cold and depressing. Fashion consultants recommend wearing blue to job interviews because it symbolizes loyalty. People are more productive in blue rooms. Studies show weightlifters are able to handle heavier weights in blue gyms.
Green
Currently the most popular decorating color, green symbolizes nature. It is the easiest color on the eye and can improve vision. It is a calming, refreshing color. People waiting to appear on TV sit in "green rooms" to relax. Hospitals often use green because it relaxes patients. Brides in the Middle Ages wore green to symbolize fertility. Dark green is masculine, conservative, and implies wealth. However, seamstresses often refuse to use green thread on the eve of a fashion show for fear it will bring bad luck.
Yellow
Cheerful sunny yellow is an attention getter. While it is considered an optimistic color, people lose their tempers more often in yellow rooms, and babies will cry more. It is the most difficult color for the eye to take in, so it can be overpowering if overused. Yellow enhances concentration, hence its use for legal pads. It also speeds metabolism.
Purple
The color of royalty, purple connotes luxury, wealth, and sophistication. It is also feminine and romantic. However, because it is rare in nature, purple can appear artificial.
Brown
Solid, reliable brown is the color of earth and is abundant in nature. Light brown implies genuineness while dark brown is similar to wood or leather. Brown can also be sad and wistful. Men are more apt to say brown is one of their favorite colors.
1.
Color comes from your eye and exists in your brain.
generate:v. to produce or create sth. 使产生，使发生
e.g. We should try to use wind power to generate electricity in order to be
environmental friendly.
为了环保，我们应当尝试风力发电。
The company adopted new strategies to generate profit.
公司为了创利，采用了新策略。
2.Perhaps it is one millionth of a bit different in each person, but generally
the color that we see, is dependent upon our eyes.
Maybe the color everyone sees is slightly different, but in most cases our eyes decide what color we see.
one millionth of: very slightly 百万分之一
e.g. It is one millionth of chance that he might win.
他只有百万分之一的希望会赢。
What’s one millionth of a second called?
百万分之一秒叫什么？
dependent upon: affected or decided by sth. 受……的影响，取决于
e.g. One’s character is to a great degree dependent upon his or her upbring.
一个人的性格很大程度上取决于他从小到大受到的教育。
The result of this incident is dependent upon his attitude.
3.
Color has several important parts of features.
a couple of: several, some 几个
e.g. Helen walked a couple of steps.
海伦走了几步。
Ben solved a couple of problems before he finally succeeded.
在本取得最终的成功前，他先克服了几个问题。
4.The physical aspect of color concerns the perception and physics.
The physical aspect of color is about the perception and physics.
concern: v. to be about sth. 涉及，有关
e.g. The huge earthquake in Japan concerns everyone in the world.
日本大地震影响到世界上每一个人。
Everyone should concern about the environment.
人人都应该关心环境。
5.The psychological aspect concerns the way in which we think about color
and the role it plays on our minds.
The psychological aspect of color is about how we think about color and its influence on our minds.
psychological: a.connected with a person’s mind and the way in which it works 心理的，心理学的
e.g. More attention should be given to the psychological development of
young people.
人们应该多关注青年人的心理成长。
These lectures are made to address the psychological problems students
often come across.
这些讲座是针对学生常遇见的心理问题才开的。
play a … role …:对……起……作用
e.g. China is a rising country, therefore, it should play a more important role
in world economy.
作为一个正在崛起的国家，中国应该对世界经济起到更重要的作用。
Children usually play an important role in maintaining a good family relationship.
孩子在维系良好家庭关系中常常扮演重要的角色。
6.Color is defined as a component of light.
Color is described as a part of light.
be defined as: be explained, described accurately as 定义为
e.g. Friendship is defined as an important contributor to happiness.
友情可界定为快乐的重要来源。
Component n. one of several parts of which sth. is made 组成部分，部件
e.g. He works in a car component company.
他在一家汽车零件公司上班。
Mutual trust is a very important component in good marriage.
美好的婚姻离不开相互信任。
7.Color is defined according to light.
The definition of color is based on light.
according to: depending on; as stated or reported by sb./sth.根据，按照
e.g. According to the records, you owe me 500 yuan.
根据记录，你欠我五百块钱。
According to him, he used to be a successful businessman.
他自称自己以前是个成功的商人。
8.In a way this makes a lot of sense.
To some extent this is quite reasonable.
in a way: to some extent, not completely 在某种程度上，不完全的
e.g. You have done a good job in a way.
从某种程度上说，你做得不错。
I like your new hairstyle, in a way.
你的新发型我基本上还是喜欢的。
make sense: to have a meaning that you can easily understand 讲得通，有意义
e.g. Can you make sense of this passage?
你能理解这篇文章吗？
It doesn't make sense to buy that expensive dictionary when these
cheaper ones are just as useful.
9.
Without light, there would be no color, but only blackness.
If there is no …, there is no ...:没有……，就没有……
e.g. If there is no love, there is no happiness.
没有爱就没有快乐。
If there is no water, there is no life.
没有水就无法维持生命。
10.Depending on how much light is taken into our eyes and the amount of
tone, we will see a variety of colors.
We see different types of colors due to different amount of light taken into our eyes and the amount of tone.
depending on: 依靠，取决于
e.g. Depending on this spirit, he finally won the competition.
借着这种精神，他最终赢得了竞赛。
Lucy buys books depending on her interests.
露西按照自己的兴趣买书。
tone: n. a shade of a color色调
e.g. She bought a carpet in warm tones of red.
她买了一条暖色调的红地毯。
Photographs in warm tones can cheer people up.
暖色调的照片可以振奋人心。
a variety of: 种种，多种多样的
e.g. I have a variety of stamps for collection.
我收集了各种各样的邮票。
There is a variety of books on sale at the bookstore.
11.
There are three basic colors of light, namely, red, green, and blue.
three primary colors of light: 光的三原色（注：三原色也叫三基色，在光学中指红绿蓝三种波长的光波。光谱中的各种色光都可以由这三种光波复合而成。三原色在颜料或染料中指红黄蓝三色。这三种颜色或染料按不同比例混合后，可以合成任何一种颜色。前者是三原色光线混合后给人眼的感受，后者是人眼对光线照射在三原色颜料上反射光线的感受。）
12.This is accomplished by mixing red, green, and blue together.
The generation of other colors can be made by combining red, green and blue.
mix: v. to combine or blend （使）混合
e.g. The little girl is mixing red and white paint to produce the pink color.
小女孩把红颜料和白颜料混合在一起，弄出了粉颜色。
The workers are mixing cement, sand and stones.
13.
It is the same case at night.
The same goes for …: 同样适合于……
e.g. China has a relatively high level of poverty, but the same goes for many
other countries.
中国相对来说比较贫穷，但是很多国家也都面临着贫穷问题。
He is a brave boy and the same goes for his younger brother.
他跟他弟弟都很勇敢。
sunlight: n. the light from the sun 阳光，日光
e.g. Let’s go outdoor to enjoy the sunlight.
让我们去户外享受阳光。
The tree is thriving with sufficient sunlight.
树木得到了充分的日照，正在茁壮成长。
◆
Ⅳ. Writing
1.Ask students to do Exercise A. Focus on the sentence structures.
2.Ask students to do Exercise B. Focus on the words or phrases in brackets.
3.Explain the key elements of a note. Give an example note.
4.Ask students to do Exercise C. Check answers.
Ⅴ. Assignments
1. Finish all the exercises in Unit
2.
2. Preview the text in Unit
3.
PartⅠListening & Speaking
Getting into the Topic
red: exciting, lively
pink: sweet, romantic, sensitive
yellow: happy, playful, optimistic
blue: calm, serious, trustworthy
green: safe, good-willed, generous
purple: mysterious, magic
orange: warm, inviting, fun, dynamic
TESTING YOUR EARS
Task 1 Listen and Guess
√Classmates
Task 2 Listen and Judge
1. F
2. F
3. F
4. T
5. T
Task 3 Listen and Check
√The man will attend a friend’s wedding.
√The man and the woman are probably in a tailor’s shop.
Task 4 Listen and Choose
1. B
2. C
3. D
4. B
Task 5 Listen and Fill In
1. suit
2. wear
3. bright white
4. summer tone
5. work best with
6. most suitable
7. choose
8. try
Part ⅡReading
TEXT
A. Warming Up
1. Red + Blue = Violet Blue + Yellow = Green
Yellow + Red = Orange Red + Green = Brown
Red + White = Pink Black + Blue = Grey
2. Open.
B.Reading Through
UNDERSTANDING THE TEXT
A.In the text, the writer tells us why we can see different colors. We can find a
cause-effect writing style is used. Now read the text carefully and find how the writer analyzes the causes step by step, then fill in the following table by answering the questions.
1. The color is dependent on the eyes.
2. Color is defined as a component of light.
3. If there is no light, there is no color.
4. Some surfaces refract or absorb certain colors better than other surfaces do.
B. Complete the following sentences with the given choices.
1. B
2. A
3. B
4. B
5. B
VOCABULARY AND STRUCTURE
A. Complete the dialogues with words and expressions from the text.
1. Whatever you may think
2. for now
3. According to
4. upon the basis
5. The same goes for
B. Fill in the with the words given in the box below. Change the forms if necessary. There are two that you do not need to use.
1. aspect
2. psychological
3. component
4. dependent
5. Anyway
6. define
7. generate
8. mix
9. surface 10. physical
C. Replace the underlined parts of the following sentences with the words or
expressions from the text.
1. make sense
2. in a way
3. is dependent on/depends on
4. a variety of
5. is defined as
6. a couple of
D. Choose the right word in each group and complete the sentences. Change the form if necessary.
1. exist existing existence
2. mised mixture mixes
3. concerns concerned concerning
Part ⅢWriting
A.Make sentences according to the models. Put the given words in order and
add some words where necessary.
1.If there is no action as a result of the training, there’s no benefit from the
learning.
2.If there is no careful planning in advance, there is no satisfactory outcome in the
end.
3.The reason we put off the meeting is because our business partner can’t be
present as planned.
4.The reason many young people leave the big cities is because they can’t find
well-paid jobs to support themselves.
5.To persuade him to accept your advice, it’s important to make him realize the
serious situation.
6.To form a correct opinion about a matter, it’s important to remain objective.
7.This is why scientists are so excited about being able to study the universe.
8.This is why he refuses to tell what the true story is.
B. Complete the following translations, using the words or expressions from the
text.
1. They suffered great physical and emotional stress in order to accomplish the task.
2. Moral education is an important component in primary and secondary school
education.
3. S tudies demonstrate that genes play a role in the development of an individual’s
behavior.
4. In a way, the role of brands meets the psychological needs of consumers.
5. The oil prices in the near future depend on a variety of elements in the
international market.
C. Practical Writing