句子成分练习题( 一)
(一). 指出下列句中主语的中心词（4分，4分钟）
①The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.
②There is an old man coming here.
③The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.
④To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.
(二) 选出句中谓语的中心词（10分，10分钟）
①I don't like the picture on the wall.
A. don't
B. like
C. picture
D. wall
②The days get longer and longer when summer comes.
A. get
B. longer
C. days
D. summer
③Do you usually go to school by bus?
A. Do
B. usually
C.go
D. bus
④There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.
A. will be
B. meeting
C. the library
D. afternoon
⑤Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast?
A.Did
B. twins
C. have
D. breakfast
⑥Tom didn't do his homework yesterday.
A. Tom
B. didn't
C. do
D. his homework
⑦What I want to tell you is this. A. want B. to tell C. you D. is
⑧We had better send for a doctor.
A. We
B. had
C. send
D. doctor
⑨He is interested in music.
A. is
B. interested
C. in
D. music
⑩Whom did you give my book to?
A. give
B.did
C. whom
D. book
(三) 挑出下列句中的宾语（10分，10分钟）
①My brother hasn't done his homework.
②People all over the world speak English.
③You must pay good attention to your pronunciation.
④How many new words did you learn last class?
⑤Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you?
⑥The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill.
⑦They made him monitor of the class.
⑧Go across the bridge and you will find the museum on the left.
⑨You will find it useful after you leave school.
⑩They didn't know who "Father Christmas" really is.
(四) 挑出下列句中的表语（5分，5分钟）
①The old man was feeling very tired.
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②Why is he worried about Jim?
③The leaves have turned yellow.
④Soon They all became interested in the subject.
⑤She was the first to learn about it.
(五) 挑出下列句中的定语（6分，6分钟）
①They use Mr, Mrs with the family name.
②What is your given name?
③On the third lap are Class 1 and Class 3.
④I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor.
⑤The man downstairs was trying to sleep.
⑥I am waiting for the sound of the other shoe!
(六) 挑出下列句中的宾语补足语（6分，6分钟）
①She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room.
②He asked her to take the boy out of school.
③She found it difficult to do the work.
④They call me Lily sometimes.
⑤I saw Mr Wang get on the bus.
⑥Did you see Li Ming playing football on the playground just now?
(七) 挑出下列句中的状语（8分，8分钟）①There was a big smile on her face.
②Every night he heard the noise upstairs.
③He began to learn English when he was eleven.
④The man on the motorbike was travelling too fast.
⑤With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li hurried off.
⑥She loves the library because she loves books.
⑦I am afraid that if you've lost it, you must pay for it.
⑧The students followed Uncle Wang to see the other machine.
(八) 划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语（5分，5分钟）
①Please tell us a story.
②My father bought a new bike for me last week.
③Mr Li is going to teach us history next term.
④Here is a pen.Give it to Tom.
⑤Did he leave any message for me?
答案
(一)①teacher ②man ③dictionary ④To do
(二)①B②A ③C ④A ⑤C ⑥C ⑦D ⑧C⑨A⑩A
(三)①homework.②English.③attention④words ⑤to go swimming⑥he was ill.⑦him monitor ⑧bridge museum⑨it
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school.⑩who"Father Christmas"really is.
(四)①tired.②worried③yellow.④i nterested⑤the first
(五)①family ②given③third ④some ⑤downstairs ⑥of the other shoe!
(六)①to read newspapers and books ②to take the boy ③difficult ④Lily⑤get on the bus⑥playing football
(七)①on her face.②Every night ③when he was eleven.
④too fast.⑤With the medicine box under her arm⑥because she loves books.⑦if you’ve lost it⑧to see the other machine.
(八)①us, 间接宾语 a story, 直接宾语
②me, 间接宾语 a new bike, 直接宾语③us, 间接宾语history, 直接宾语
④Tom, 间接宾语it, 直接宾语⑤me, 间接宾语message, 直接宾语
句子成分练习题( 二)
指出下列句子中划线部分的句子成分：
1.Whether we’ll go depend on the weather .
2. People’s standards of living are going up steadily .
3. That was how they were defeated.
4.The nursery takes good care of our children .
5.I’ll return t he book to you tomorrow .
6.We are sure that we shall succeed .
7.The woman with a baby in her arms is his other .
8.There are many film that I’d like to see.
9.Have you met the person about whom he was speaking ?
10.I have a lot of work to do .
11.Anyway I w on’t stop you from doing it .
12.I said it in fun .
13.We can send a car over to fetch you .
14.She had to work standing up .
15.Seeing this ,some comrades became very worried .
16.Much interested , he agreed to give it a try .
17.The bus arrived ten minutes late .
18.We should serve the people heart and soul.
19.Spring coming on , the tree turned green .
20.Some farmers saw something strange in the sky .
21.We think it necessary that everyone should attend the
meeting .
22.It’s strange that she doesn’t come today .
23.It was in the library that I come today .
24.He likes drawing at times when he isn’t working .
Word文档
25.We left in such a hurry that we forgot to lock the door.
句子成分练习题( 三)
A
1、___ six years since I began to study English.
A. It is
B. I have been
C. There are
D. It was
2 、___ in the room at that time.
A. Nobody was
B. Someone were
C. Who is
D. He are
3 、IT'S very noisy outside. ___ is going on?
A. Who
B. What
C. Which
D. Where
4、___ in English in class every day is important.
A. Speak
B. Talking
C. Saying
D. To tell
5 、There must be____ near the factory.
A. a book store
B. book store
C. books store
D. books stores
6 、Although it's raining hard, ___ are still working in the fields.
A. but they
B. and they
C. they
D. since they
B
1、The doctor as well as the nurses ___ great concern for the
patients.
A. show
B. shows
C. have shown
D. are showing
2、Your son must be a clever boy, ___ he?
A. is
B. isn't
C. must
D. mustn't
3、The computer center, ___ last year, is very popular among
students in this school.
A. open
B. opening
C. opened
D. being opened
4 、I ___ go to the shop today, for there is a lot of food at home.
A. mustn't
B. had to
C. can't
D. needn't
5 、Don't ___ excited.
A. get
B. is
C. seem
D. look
6 This room ___ every morning.
A. is cleaning
B. is cleaned
C. cleans
D. cleaning
C
1、Glad to meet you! ___ is your full name?
A. What
B. Where
C. How
D. Who
2、He is ___ to lift the heavy box.
A. too weak
B. weak too
C. enough weak
D. weak enough
3、The days are ___ warmer and warmer in spring.
A. getting
B. looking
C. seeming
D. going
4 、His job is____English.
A. teach
B. to teach
C. taught
D. teaches
5 、Two balls are___.
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A. under the desk
B. in the wall
C. to here
D. at desks
D
1 、We should get ready___ others.
A. helping
B. to help
C. help
D. help with
2、___interesting work we are doing?
A. What a
B. How
C. What
D. What an
3、I want___ a teacher when I grow up (-fx;fc).
A. to be
B. to
C. be
D. being
4、-Would you like to go on a picnic with me today?
-I don't think so. To be honest, I really don't feel like___on a picnic.
A. going
B. to go
C. go
D. went
5 Do you know___?
A. where does he live
B. where he lives
C. where he live
D. if where he lives
6 Let ____ do it again.
A. I
B. me
C. he
D. she
7 I don't know___.
A. how to do
B. what to do
C. where to do
D. when to do
E
1、I saw him ___ basketball with Jack an hour ago.
A. plays
B. to play
C. played
D. play o
2、Sorry, we've kept you___ for a long time.
A. waited
B. sing
C. stand
D. waiting
3 、The teacher told us ____ late again.
A. aren't be
B. don't be
C. not to be
D. not be
4 、We find the room very___.
A. warm
B. warmly
C. terribly
D. hardly
F
1 、I found ___ difficult to work together with him.
A. it
B. its
C. that
D. those
2 、We all know ___ our duty to clean our classroom after
school every day.
A. that
B. this
C. which
D. it
3、He found ___ very interesting to play with the little dog.
A. what
B. it
C. /
D. that
G
( ) 1 Tom said he ___ a good dream yesterday evening.
A. dream
B. dreamed
C. have
D. has
( ) 2 Children ___ a happy life in China.
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A. lead
B. living
C. has
D. leading
H
( ) 1 America, Japan and Canada are___countries.
A. developing
B. developed
C. less developed
D. develop ( ) 2 -___ skirt is that on the chair?
-Let me see. Oh, no, it's not mine.
A. Whose
B. What
C. Who's
D. Which
( ) 3 Do you have anything ___?
A. saying
B. to^ay
C. said
D. say
( ) 4 Look, there is an___tree by the wall.
A. apple
B. apple's
C. apples'
D. apples
( ) 5 Where is____seat?
A. yours
B. your
C. you
D. yourselves
I
( ) 1 The box is ___ heavy for her ___ carry.
A. very; to
B. too; not to
C. too; to
D. very too; to
2 -___ did you buy the new bag?
-Last Monday.
A. Where
B. How
C. When
D. Who
3 You can see these signs in a hospital. ___ can you see them?
A. Where else
B. Where place else
C. Where else place
D. Else where
4 They went out ___ their old friends.
A. visit
B. visiting
C. to visit
D. visited
5 There is a wide river____ our village.
A. outside
B. over
C. from
D. below
J
1 The young man, ___ works in the office.
A. me brother
B. my brother
C. my brothers
D. me
2 Our English teacher, ___ often helps us with study.
A. Mrs Wang
B. Mrs5 Wang
C. MrsWang's .
D. of him
3 ___, some railway workers are busy repairing the train.
A. Them
B. He
C. They
D. Theirs
A . 1-6 A A
B B A
C B. 1-6 B B C
D A B C. 1-5 A A A B A
D. 1-7 B C A A B B B
E. 1-4 D D C A
F. 1-3 A D B
G. 1-2 B A
H. 1-5 B A B A B I .1-5 C C A C A J. 1-3 B A C
Word文档
句子成分分析 在句中起着不同语法作用的成分，叫做句子成分。英语的句子成分有九种： 1、主语（subject）表示句子描述的是“谁”或“什么”，是谓语的陈述对象； 通常由名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或从句等担任： The sun rises in the east. 日出东方。（名词） He hated to see any bird killed.他讨厌看到鸟儿被杀。（代词） To see is to believe.眼见为实。（动词不定式） Seeing is believing.眼见为实。（动名词） Where we shall hold the party is not decided yet.我们还没有决定在何处举行晚会。（主语从句） It’s human to want something better.精益求精是人类的特性。（不定式） 2、谓语动词（predicate verb）说明主语的动作或状态，由动词或动词短语担任： We study English.我们学习英语。（动词） The car broke down on the way.车在路上抛锚了。（动词短语） Do be quiet,children.孩子们，务必安静点。（助动词+连系动词） We are having a meeting now.我们现在正在开会。（助动词+实义动词） Soldiers must obey orders.军人必须服从命令。（情态动词+实义动词） 3、表语（predicative）说明主语的性质、特征、状态或身份，与连系动词一起构成复合谓语，通常由名词、代词、形容词、数词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、动名词、分词或从句等担任： The next stop is the zoo.下一站是动物园。（名词） The game is yours.你（们）胜了。（代词） I was first! 我第一名！（数词） I feel terrible.我难受的厉害。（形容词） Is your mother in?你妈妈在家吗？（副词） I’m with you.我站在你这一边。（介词短语） Mary’s task is to set the table.玛丽的任务是摆桌子。（动词不定式） Her hobby is growing roses.她的爱好是种植玫瑰。（动名词） The situation is puzzling.形式令人迷惑不解。（现在分词） Do you feel satisfied with the arrangement?你对这安排满意吗？（过去分词） The fact is that they are cross with each other.事实是他们生彼此的气。（表语从句） That’s where you are wrong.这就是你错的地方（表语从句） He is no longer what he was.他已经不是以前的他了。（表语从句） 4、宾语（object）表示及物动词或及物动词短语的对象或内容，或用于介词后构成介词短语；通常由名词、代词、数词、动词不定式、动名词或从句等担任： May I have your attention ,please.请大家注意。（名词） I want a little.我要一点。（代词） I need two.我需要两个。（数词） Hope to see you soon.希望能很快见到你。（动词不定式） They risk losing everything.他们冒着失去一切的危险。（动名词） He insisted on seeing her home.他坚持送她回家。（动名词作介词的宾语） I’ll do what I can.我将尽力而为。（从句）
英语句子成分只是英语语法中的一小部分,而且平时的考试也不会考,试卷上不会考你什么是宾语，什么是状语，这个单词是作什么成分，但是它是学英语的基础或者说是你学习其他语法的工具(比如学定语从句、非谓语动词等等)。学会它最直接的作用是对阅读和写英语句子有帮助,有很多人单词都知道,但是，读句子的时候，就是不知道哪些单词和哪些单词是组合在一起的；写句子的时候，就是不知道该把把哪个单词放在前，哪个单词放在后。句子成分就是帮你来分析单词和单词的关系,让你能比较容易地看懂句子和写出符合英语表达的英语句子。 第一章英语句子结构的简单认识 那么,什么是句子结构呢？说白了，就是在一个句子内部，一个个单词是怎么组织在一起的，为什么有的单词放在句子前面，有的单词放在句子的后面；在一个复杂的句子中各个句子是怎么组合起来的。曾见过这样的句子：I very like English (我非常喜欢英语) I at home had supper(我在家吃的晚饭 )，上面的两个句子是常见典型错句，你能看出来他们错在哪里吗？ 那么，对于英语句子结构来说，我们要掌握什么呢？首先你头脑中要有词类的概念（每一个单词都是什么词性），然后学会简单句五种基本句型及句子成分的分析，再然后就是并列句和复合句的分析。 第二章词类概念建立以及词类分析能力的培养 第一节词类分析能力的自我培养之秘笈 一个词的词性不止一个，通常有两个或两个以上（如work 可以作名词或动词,但这个词一旦放在句中,它的词性就确定了,(如: His work is good ,本句中的work 肯定是名词.) 基于以上原因,词类概念的建立以及词类分析能力的建立，说白了就是指：看到一个词，立刻就能反应出这个词属于哪个词类；看到句子中的单词，立刻就能确定出这个词的词性，这是一项能力,你不可能通过死记硬背学会的. 为什么需要你知道一个个单词属于哪个词类,知道这些有什么用呢? 要知道,理解掌握词类是理解句子结构及成分的基础,大脑中没有词类的概念,一切都无从谈起,,想想看,它是何等的重要. 怎么才能建立词类概念以及具备词类分析能力呢? 三“活”就是通过分析的方法,不是通过死记来确定一个单词的词性,大体上有以下三种途径: 其一,从词类概念的本身出发去分析单词的词性(见第二节) 举个简单的例子,cake 这个词,中文意思：蛋糕，是一种食品的名称,，ok 了,不用再去背 cake 名词 cake 名词。这一方法的运用需要你把对单词中文意思的了解和对十大词类概念的理解两者结合起来才能运用自如.,只需在大脑中一闪词义，就知道其词性了,如果你连单词词义都不知,那偶就没办法了. 其二, 从单词的构词法入手来判断词性,构词法即构成单词的方法,其中一种是派生法,是通过加前后缀来构成单词的,英语中相当一部分单词是通过这种方法构成的,,一般来说,前缀是表明单词的词义,后缀表明单词的词性(词类),因此,从后缀我们大致可以判断出单词的词性.例如一般来讲加ly的形容词都是副词:quickly badly really completely 等等,. 其三,从句子成分来分析.实际上.学习词类和确定词类是为了分析句子成分,反过来,当我们学会句子分析后,我们还可以确定单词的词性(对一词多种词性的单词非常有用),,就是说可
句子成分分析 一、主语 主语是放在句子中说明全句中心主题的部分。一般由名词、代词、不定式、动名词或从句充当。【一般放在句首】 1、English is very important.（英语是很重要的） 2、A tree has fallen across the road.（一棵树倒下横在马路上） 3、Little streams feed big rivers (小河流入大江 ) 1、You’re not far wrong.（你差不多对了） 2、He told a joke but it fell flat. (他说了个笑话，但没有引人发笑) 3、They go to school by bus.（他们乘公共汽车去上学） 4、Most of the students come from the countryside.（大多数的学生来自农村） 1、Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes. (看太多的电视对你的眼睛有害的) 2、It’s no use regretting it.（后悔是没有用的） 3、Smoking is bad for you. (吸烟对你有害)
4、To see is to believe.（眼见为实/百闻不如一见） 5、It is very hard to get to sleep.（入睡很难。） 6、To find your way can be a problem.（你能否找到路可能是一个问题。） 7、It would be nice to see him again. （如能见到他，那将是一件愉快的事。） 1、Three is enough. (三个就够了) 2、Four from seven leaves three.（7减4还剩3） 1、Whenever you are ready will be fine. （你无论什么时候准备好都行。） 2、Because Sally wants to leaves doesn’t mean that we have to.（不能说萨利要走因而我们也得走。） 1、“How do you do ?”is a greeting.(“你好”是一句问候语。) 二、谓语 谓语说明主语的动作，状态或特征。常用动词或动词短语承担。
人教版新目标初中英语语法知识-词类、句子成分和构词法 一）词类：英语词类分十种： 名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词 ( n.) ：表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。 如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. 2、代词 ( pron.) ：主要用来代替名词。 如：who, she, you, it . 3、形容词 ( adj..) ：表示人或事物的性质或特征。 如：good, right, white, orange. 4、数词 ( num.) ：表示数目或事物的顺序。 如：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词 ( v.) ：表示动作或状态。 如：am, is,are,have,see . 6、副词 ( adv.) ：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词, 说明时间、地点、程度等。 如：now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 6、冠词 ( art. .) ：用在名词前 , 帮助说明名词。 如：a, an, the. 7、介词 ( prep.) ：表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。
如：in, on, from, above, behind. 8、连词 ( conj.) ：用来连接词、短语或句子。 如：and, but, before . 9、感叹词 ( interj..) 表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。 如：oh, well, hi, hello. 二）、句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物, 回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。 如： I ’mMiss Green.( 我是格林小姐 ) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态 , 回答“做 ( 什么 ) ”。主要由动词担任。 如：Jack cleans the room every day.( 杰克每天打扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后, 说明主语的身份或特征, 回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、代词或形容词担任。 如：My name is Ping ping .( 我的名字叫萍萍) 3、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果, 回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。 如：He can spell the word.( 他能拼这个词) 4、有些及物动词带有两个宾语, 一个指物 , 一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语, 指人的叫间接宾语。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如：He wrote me a letter . ( 他给我写了一封信 )
句子成分 不同词类的单词，按照一定的语法规则组合在一起，能够表达一个完整意思的语言单位叫句子，一个句子由各种功能不同的部分组成，这些部分叫做句子成分。英语的句子成分有7种，主语，谓语，表语，宾语，定语，状语，补语。它的构成方法与中文很象，中文分：主，谓，宾，定，状，补，六类，再加上表语就形成了英文的形式。 下面主要是从词类的角度来分析句子成分： 一．主语 句子所要说明的人或者事物，是句子的主体，通常放与句首，一般不省略，可以担当主语的有名词，代词，数词，动词不定式，动名词和主语从句。下面依次举例： Walls have ears. He will take you to the hospital. Three plus four equals seven. To see is to believe. Smoking is not allowed in public places. Whether or not they will come depends on the weather. 二．谓语动词 说明主语动作或者状态的句子成分，一般又实义动词或者系动词担任，助动词和情态动词加其他动词的适当形式也可以构成谓语动词 Actions speak louder than words The chance may never come again. Tom was very sick at heart. Mary has been working at the dress store since 1994. 注意：英语中最基本的原则就是：一句话，只能有一个谓语动词 三．表语（现代某些语法书直接把表语归类到了补语当中） 是用来说明主语的身份，特征和状态，它的位置在系动词之后。可作表语的有名词，代词，形容词与分词，数词，动词不定式与动名词，介词短语，副词以及表语从句。下面依次举例：My father is a professor. Who’ that? It’s me. Everything here is dear to her. The match became very exciting. The story of my life may be of help to others. Three times five is fifteen. His plan is to seek work in the city. My first idea was that you should hid your feelings. 四．宾语 宾语表示动作的对象，是动作的承受者。宾语一般放在及物动词之后。英语介词后也会跟宾
英语句子成分分析大全 一个句子至少由两部分构成，即主语和谓语，它们是句子的主要成分。 句子的次要成分包括宾语（包括双宾语中的直接宾语和间接宾语）， 表语，定语（包括前置定语及后置定语），状 语，同位语（包括限制性同位语及非限制性同位语）， 补语及呼语。 一.主语：是一句话的中心，整句话都谈它的情况。 如：They were teachers.(他们曾是老师。) Time flies. （时光飞逝。） 这两句话中分别由代词They ，名词Time 作主语。 二.谓语：是对主语加以陈述，表示主语的行为或者状态。 谓语必须由动词或动词短语充当，因此动词不定式、动名词、不能作谓语。 且谓语动词可以体现时态，单复数的语法现象。 如：They were teachers.(他们曾是老师。) He enjoys singing songs. （他喜欢唱歌。） 这两句话分别由动词were （are 的过去式），enjoys singing （enjoy doing动词短语）作谓语。其中were 体现出句子的时态为过去时态，且主语的人称为第一人称，enjoys singing 体现出句子的时态为一般现在时，且主语的人称为第三人称。 三.宾语：表示动作的承受者。宾语放在及物动词或者介词之后。 如： I play with him. (我和他玩。) I like Chinese food.（我喜欢中国菜。） 这两句话中分别由人称代词 him ，名词food 作宾语。 直接宾语与间接宾语： 有的动词能够接双宾语，直接宾语指的是动词所涉及的物,间接宾语是指受益于动词所表示行为的人。 如：He gave me a book.（他给了我一本书） He gave a book to me 这句话中 a book 为直接宾语， me 为间接宾语。 又如：My mother bought a schoolbag to me.(我妈妈买了一个书包给我。) 这句话中schoolbag 为直接宾语， me 为间接宾语。 四.表语：用来说明主语的性质或状态。接在系动词之后，其中接在系动词be 后是最常见的情况。 系动词：看起来闻起来听起来感觉起来总是保持三变。 look smell sound feel be keep get seem turn become 如They were teachers.(他们曾是老师。) He is kind.. (他心地善良。) 这两句话分别由名词teachers，形容词 kind 作表语。 五.定语：是用来说明或限制名词的成分，可分为前置定语和后置定语，常用形容词或者相当于形容词的短语或从句担任。形容词放在名词之前，构成前置定语；相当于形容词的短语或从句放在名词的后面，构成后置定语。
中考英语句子成分分析 1.英语句子成分讲座·主语 句子一般要有主语。在简单句中，主语一般由名词、代词、动名词或动词不定式(短语)来充当。动名词、动词不定式作主语时通常用it作形式主语。 ■名词作主语 English is very important.英语是很重要的。 The students all love their English teacher.这些学生都爱他们的英语老师。 ■代词作主语 They go to school by bus.他们乘公共汽车上学。 Most of the students come from the countryside.大多数学生来自农村。 ■动名词作主语 Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes.看电视太多对你的眼睛是有害的。 It’s no use regretting it.后悔是无用的。 ■动词不定式(短语)作主语 To see is to believe.眼见为实。 It is very hard to get to sleep.入睡很难。 2.英语句子成分讲座·谓语 谓语必须由动词充当，但动词不定式、动名词、分词为非谓语动词不能作谓语。可作谓语的动词一般为行为动词(表动作)和连系动词(表状态)，行为动词根据其后是否可直接接宾语，又可分为及物动词和不及物动词。 ■及物动词作谓语 We should help each other.我们应该互相帮助。
They respect one another.他们互相尊重(对方)。 All of the students like the novel.所有这些学生都喜欢这本小说。 Did you see many people there?你在那儿看见许多人了吗? ■不及物动词作谓语 He left here yesterday.他昨天离开这儿。 You’re driving too fast.你开车开得太快了。 The teacher came in, book in hand.老师走进教室，手里拿着书。 He went abroad in the September of 1988.他于1988年9月出国。 ■连系动词表状态 He is an excellent teacher.他是位优秀的教师。 Her son is a friend of ours.她的儿子是我们的朋友。 Ours is a great country.我们的国家是一个伟大的国家。 The box itself is not so heavy.箱子本身并不重。 3.英语句子成分讲座·表语 表语与连系动词连用，构成系表结构，说明主语的身份或特征，一般由形容词、名词、动名词、动词不定式、分词等充当。如： They are brother and sister.他们是兄妹。 What I want to say is this.我想说的就是这点。 Her father is sixty-five.她父亲65岁。 John is captain of the team.约翰是足球队的队长。 The poor boy was myself.那个可怜的孩子就是我自己。
句子成分：主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语 主要成分：主语和谓语 1、主语 是动作或状态的主语。主语的位置：一般位于句首 由名词、代词、数词、动词不定式、动名词和从句充当。 The school is far from here. 名词做主语 She goes to school by bike. 代词做主语 Eight is a lucky number. 数词做主语 Predicting the future is interesting.动名词做主语 To be a doctor is my dream.不定式短语做主语 What we shall do next is not yet decided. 从句充当主要 2、谓语 表示主语的动作或状态. 动词由动词或动词短语充当 谓语动词有人称、数、时态、语态的变化。 分析句子的主语和谓语 His parents are teachers. 系动词和表语构成谓语 Mr. Li teaches English. 行为动词做谓语 He can play the piano. 情态动词和行为动词构成谓语 We have finished reading the book. 助动词和实义动词构成谓语 3、宾语 是动作的对象或承受者。及物动词必须跟宾语. 对谓语对的进一步解释说明及物动词:直接接宾语的谓语动词. 不及物动词:不能直接带宾语的谓语动词. 宾语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、从句构成. I saw a plane in the sky just now.名词做宾语 We often help him. 代词做宾语 He likes to play basketb all. 不定式做宾语 I want three.数词做宾语 I enjoy going shopping.动名词做宾语 He said that he felt sick.从句做宾语
英语语法——英语句子成分分析 句子是按照一定的语法规律组成的，表达一个完整的意义。一个句子一般由两部分构成，即主语部分和谓语部分，这两部分也叫做句子的主要成分。句子的次要成分包括宾语，定语，状语，表语等。句子成分是句子中起一定功用的组成部分。 1）主语：是一句的主体，是全句述说的对象，常用名词，数词或代词担任，一般放于句首。如： Students study. (学生学习。) We are friends.(我们是朋友) 这两句话中单词students是个名词，we是代词，它们在句中做主语。 2）谓语：是对主语加以陈述，表示主语的行为或状态，常用动词或者动词词组担任，放在主语的后面。如： Students study. (学生学习。) We are friends. (我们是朋友) 这两句话中单词study和are都是动词，study叫做实意动词，are叫做be动词，它们在句中作谓语。 3）宾语：表示行为的对象，常由名词或者代词担任。放在及物动词或者介词之后。如： They are teachers. ( 他们是老师。) I play with him. (我和他一起玩。) 这两句话中单词teachers是名词，单词him是带词，它们在句中作宾语。 4）定语：是用来说明或者限制名词的成分，常用形容词或者相当于形容词的短语或从句担任。形容词放在名词之前，相当于形容词的短语或从句放在名词的后面。如： This is a red sun.(这是个红太阳.) He is a tall boy.（他是个高个子男孩。） 这两句话中单词red和 tall都是形容词，它们作定语。 ５）状语是用来说明动词，形容词，副词或整个句子的成分。常由副词担任。修饰动词时可以放在动词之前，也可以放在动词之后；修饰形容词或副词时放在它们之前。如： The students study hard. (这些学生学习努力。) I often write to him. (我常给他写信。) The bag is too heavy. (这个书包太重了。) 这三句话中单词hard 和often修饰的都是动词，第三句话中单词too修饰的是形容词，它们都作状语。 ６）表语：用来说明主语的性质或状态。一般由名词或者形容词担任。如：This table is long. (这个桌子是长的。) 通常情况下,主语和宾语前的成分是定语，谓语前的成分是状语，时间词作状语放在句子后面。句子的成分分布如下：（定语）主语（状语）谓语（定语）宾语（状语） 如：(The tall) boy (often) go (to the big) zoo. (The happy) child --- went (his) home yesterday. 请分析下面句子的结构说出各个成分 1）I have two elder sisters. （我有两个姐姐。） 2) They don't swim very well.（他们游泳不太好。） 3) Do you go to school every day? （你每天去上学吗？） 4) I really want a cup of tea.（我真的想要一杯茶。） 5) Miss Smith teaches English very well.（史密斯先生教英语非常好。） 语法其实并没有一些人想象的那么可怕，其实里面有很多趣味。 第一讲英语句子成分 WARM-UP：1)The teacher in the classroom. 2)Sang many songs and danced happily. 3)She attracts. 4)Many people
英语句子成分讲座· 1.主语 句子一般要有主语。在简单句中，主语一般由名词、代词、或动词(短语) 来充当。、动词作主语时通常用it 作形式主语。 ■名词作主语 English is very important. 英语是很重要的。 The students all love their English teacher. 这些学生都爱他们的英语老师。 ■代词作主语 They go to school by bus. 他们乘公共汽车上学。 ■作主语 Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes. 看电视太多对你的眼睛是有害的。 It’s no use regretting it. 后悔是无用的。 ■动词(短语)作主语 To see is to believe. 眼见为实。 It is very hard to get to sleep. 入睡很难。 2.谓语 谓语必须由动词充当，但动词、、分词为非谓语动词不能作谓语。可作谓语的动词一般为行为动词(表动作)和(表状态)，行为动词根据其后是否可直接接宾语，又可分为和。 ■作谓语 We should help each other. 我们应该互相帮助。
They respect one another. 他们互相尊重(对方)。 All of the students like the novel. 所有这些学生都喜欢这本小说。 Did you see many people there? 你在那儿看见许多人了吗? ■作谓语 He left here yesterday. 他昨天离开这儿。 You’re driving too fast. 你开车开得太快了。 The teacher came in, book in hand. 老师走进教室，手里拿着书。 He went abroad in the September of 1988. 他于____年9月出国。 ■连系动词表状态 He is an excellent teacher. 他是位优秀的教师。 Her son is a friend of ours. 她的儿子是我们的朋友。 Ours is a great country. 我们的国家是一个伟大的国家。 The box itself is not so heavy. 箱子本身并不重。 3.表语 表语与连系动词连用，构成，说明主语的身份或特征，一般由形容词、名词、、动词、分词等充当。如： They are brother and sister. 他们是兄妹。 What I want to say is this. 我想说的就是这点。 Her father is sixty-five. 她父亲65岁。 John is captain of the team. 约翰是足球队的队长。 The poor boy was myself. 那个可怜的孩子就是我自己。
英语句子成分 主语 主语一般由名词、代词、动名词或动词不定式(短语) 来充当。动名词、动词不定式作主语时通常用it 作形式主语。 ■名词作主语English is very important. 英语是很重要的。 ■代词作主语They go to school by bus. 他们乘公共汽车上学。 ■动名词作主语It’s no use regretting it. 后悔是无用的。 Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes. 看电视太多对你的眼睛是有害的。■动词不定式(短语)作主语To see is to believe. 眼见为实。 It is very hard to get to sleep. 入睡很难。 ■主语从句What we can’t get seems better than what we have. 表语 表语与连系动词连用，构成系表结构，说明主语的身份或特征，一般由形容词、名词、动名词、动词不定式、分词等充当。如： They are brother and sister. 他们是兄妹。 What I want to say is this. 我想说的就是这点。 Her father is sixty-five. 她父亲65岁。 John is captain of the team. 约翰是足球队的队长。 The poor boy was myself. 那个可怜的孩子就是我自己。 The ones who really want it are ourselves. 真正想要它的是我们自己。 All you need do is to take a taxi from the airport. 你只需从机场打个的即可。 My favourite sport is swimming. 我最喜爱的运动是游泳。 The fact is that she never knew the secret. 宾语 宾语是行为动作的对象，一般可分为动词宾语和介词宾语，充当宾语的可以是名词、代词、动名词、动词不定式或整个句子。如： I like Chinese food. 我喜欢中国菜。 I bought a ticket for Milan. 我买了一张去米兰的车票。 I enjoyed talking to you. 我和你谈话很高兴。 Have you finished dressing? 你衣服穿好了吗? He certainly did not want to join them. 他确实不想参加他们的活动。 They decided to close the border. 他们决定封闭边境。 We hoped that all would come well. 我们希望一切都会好转。 We expected that you would stay for a few days. 我们预计你会待几天的。 定语 定语为句子的次要成分，起修饰限制名词或代词的作用，可分为前置定语和后置定语。一般由形容词性物主代词、数词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词(短语) 或句子充当。 His father is a doctor. 他父亲是一名医生。 Mr. Green has two sons. 格林先生有两个儿子。 The girl under the tree is Kate. 在树底下的那个女孩是凯特。 The man downstairs couldn’t sleep w ell. 楼下的那个人不能睡好觉。 I bought a new dictionary. 我买了本新字典。
英语语法中的9种句子成分 一.主语Subject “主语”中的“主”是主人、主导的意思。 （一）定义：主语是动作的发出者，通常为一个句子中第一个独立的名词【或名词性结构】。也可以 理解为主语就是句子中说明的人或事物【sb/sth】独立的：即不在短语中、不在从句中 （二）句子中主句的4种形式：1.名词本身2.代 词3.动词-ing/to do形式【注意：做状语的V-ing/to do 结构除外】4.主语从句【即主语是个句子，引导词that 不可省略】 例句：The flower is beautiful. I love you. Teaching English is my job. To teach English today is my job. (补充：动词做主语的-ing形式称为动名词，to do形式称为不定式。前者强调经常性、习惯性，后者强调阶段性、特定性、将来性。) That she is still alive is a wonder. 二.谓语Predicate （一）定义：谓语是主语发出的动作，通常为 主语后的第一个独立的动词【或动词性结构】。也可
以说是用来说明主语的动作、状态和特征。 例句：He is singing.(其中的is是助动词，is singing 才是谓语) He likes singing.(likes是实意动词，所以谓语是likes) 现在分词/过去分词前无助动词的不是谓语。 （三）非谓语动词 有谓语动词，就有非谓语动词。那么，什么是非谓语动词？ 非谓语动词即一个句子中，不是谓语的动词就是非谓语动词。 非谓语的三种形式：1.doing（表主动、进行）2.done动词过去式（表被动、完成）3.to do(表将来) 例句：I saw a girl crying in a car.(crying表明女孩主动在哭并且是正在进行) Beaten by Bob,Tom was very sad.(beaten有两层含义，一是被别人打了，不是自己打的，是被动的。二是已经被打过了。) To become a teacher,you should work hard.(to become a teacher表将来，它与现在有着时间上的顺序)
句子成分分析 1、主语:通常由名词和代词来担任。此外,数词、动名词、动词不定式、主语从句也可以用作主语。 The teacher told us an interesting story.老师给我们讲了一个有趣的故事。(名词)We love our motherland. 我们热爱祖国。(代词) Four and five is nine. 四加五等于九。(数词) Walking is good exercise.走路是很好的运动。(动词的-ing形式) To see is to believe. 眼见为实。(动词不定式) What you need is more practice.你需要的是更多的练习。(从句) 2、谓语:由动词担任。动词分为实义动词和系动词。 We read English every morning.我们每天早晨读英语。(实义动词) His brother is a doctor.他哥哥是医生。(系动词) Mr. Smith became angry.史密斯先生生气了。(系动词) 3、宾语:通常由名词和代词担任。此外,数词、动名词(短语)、动词不定式(短语)、宾语从句也可以用作宾语。 Have you finished the exercise?你做完练习了吗?(名词作宾语) Lei Feng always thought of others.雷锋总是想着别人。(代词作介词宾语)She tore the cloth in three. 她把布撕成三块(名词作动词的宾语；数词作介词的宾语) She doesn't allow smoking in her house.她不允许在她的房子里抽烟。(动词的-ing形式) You should continue to learn as long as you live.要活到老学到老。(不定式作宾语) I don't know when he will come.我不知道他什么时候来。(宾语从句作宾语)有些动词可以有两个宾语：直接宾语(Direct Object)与间接宾语(Indirect Object)。直接宾语通常出现在间接宾语之后。间接宾语一般是代表人的,直接宾语一般是代表事物的。 He gave the little girl a toy. =He gave a toy to the little girl. 他给这个小女孩一个玩具。 I bought Mary a new book = I bought a new book for Mary. 我给玛丽买了一本书。 4、定语:主要由形容词担任。此外,名词、代词、数词、副词、介词短语以及动词不定式(短语)、分词和定语从句等都可用作定语。 His words everyone present. 他的话使在场的人都很感动。(形容词修饰不定代词,要放在其后) This is a stone bridge. 这是一座石桥。(名词作定语) His father is omoved ur maths teacher. 他爸爸是我们的数学老师。(代词作定语) We belong to the third world. 我们属于第三世界。(数词作定语) They should have told us if there was anything up. 要是出了什么事,他们是应当告诉我们的。(副词作定语) Yesterday the scientist made a report on modern science. 这位科学家昨天给我们作了有关现代科学的报告。(介词短语作定语) Do you have anything more to say? 你还有什么要说的吗?(不定式作定
初中英语句子成分分析与讲解 英语句子与汉语句子一样，都是由单词按照一定的规则所组成的。不同的词类在句中所起的作用是不同的。因此，只有搞清不同词类在句中可充当哪些成分，才能正确分析、理解句子的含义，并能准确地遣词造句，逐渐达到流利地说出地道的英语。 【问】什么是句子成分?英语句子包含哪些成分? 【答】组成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。它包括：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语和宾语补足语等。 1.主语：是句子要说明的人或事物，是句子的主体，一般由名词、代词、数词、不定式或动名词等充当.位于动词之前 The car is running fast.(名词) We are students.(代词) One of my classmates is from Shanghai.(数词) It's bad manners to spit in public.(不定式) Eating too much is bad for your health.(动名词) 【注意】若不定式短语作主语常用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语(不定式短语)放在句后。 2.谓语：说明主语的动作或状态，也是句子的主体部分，一般由动词充当。动词分为实义动词、连系动词、情态动词和助动词。实义动词单独作谓语，连系动词与表语一起构成谓语，情态动词与省略to的不定式构成合成谓语，助动词与动词原形共同构成谓语部分。如： He works in a factory.(实义动词) I felt cold.(系动词+表语) How can I get to the station?(情态动词+实义动词) Do you speak English?(助动词+实义动词) They are working in a field.(助动词+实义动词) 【注意】谓语与主语在人称与数方面要相互照应。 3.宾语：是及物动词所涉及的对象问什么谁。如： He is doing his homework.(名词) They did nothing this morning.(代词) She wants to go home.(不定式) We enjoy playing football.(动名词) 【注意】①有的动词可接双宾语，间接宾语指人，直接宾语指物。这类动词常见的有：give，buy，lend，pass，tell，leave等。如： He bought me a book. Pass me the ball，will you?(间宾+直宾) 直接宾语一般放在间接宾语之后，但若把直接宾语放在前面，则要在间接宾语前加适当的介词如to或for等。如： Han Chen lent some money to Li Hai.(直宾+间宾) Xiao Liu bought a dictionary for Tom.(直宾+间宾) 4.定语：用于修饰名词或代词，一般由形容词、名词、数词、不定式等充当。如： What a beautiful kite it is!(形容词) She is a chemistry teacher.(名词) There are two students in the classroom.(数词) We have something to do tomorrow.(不定式)
第一讲英语基本句子成分和句子结构 一、英语句子成分 句子成分的定义：构成句子的各个部分叫句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分，主要成分有主语和谓语，次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语、同位语和插入语。 1. 主语：主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不是疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语动词、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。例如：Tom is a good boy. （名词） We often speak English in class. （代词） One-third of the students in this class are girls. （数词） To swim in the river is a great pleasure. （不定式） Smoking does harm to the health. （动名词） The rich should help the poor. （名词化形容词） When we are going to have an English test has not been decided. （主语从句） It is necessary to master a foreign language. （it为形式主语，不定式为真实主语） 2. 谓语：谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。谓语的构成如下： (1) 简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。例如： He practices running every morning. (2) 复合谓语： 由（情态动词或其他助动词+动词原形）构成。例如： You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold. We are having a quick breakfast. 3. 表语：表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态，它一般位于系动词（如be, keep, remain, become, get, grow, turn, look, seem, feel, smell, sound, taste等）之后。表语须和系动词一起构成句子的复合谓语（系表结构）。表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及从句充当。例如： My mother is a doctor. （名词） Is it yours? （代词） The weather has turned cold. （形容词） The speech is exciting. （现在分词） The door is closed. （过去分词） Three times seven is twenty one. （数词） His job is to teach English. （不定式） His hobby is playing football. （动名词） The machine must be out of order. （介词短语） Time is up. The class is over. （副词） The truth is that he has never been abroad. （表语从句） 4. 宾语：宾语表示动作的对象或承受者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面。例如： They went to see an exhibition yesterday. （名词） The heavy rain prevented me from coming to school on time. （代词）