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SAT之OC语法题含答案

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1.William Faulkner, being that he was a Southern writer, used Mississippi as a

setting for most of his novels.

(A)being that he was a Southern writer

(B)a Southern writer

(C)while a writer from the South

(D)in origin a writer of the South

(E)because of him being a writer from the South

2.Tadpoles hatch and metamorphose into small replicas of adult frogs although

remaining in their aquatic birthplace.

(A)although remaining

(B)while remaining

(C)in spite of it remaining

(D)due to their remaining

(E)in the course of which they remain

3.You cannot expect to treat your friends badly and no one notices.

(A)and no one notices

(B)and have no one notice

(C)without notice by someone

(D)without notice by no one

(E)without the result of somebody noticing

4.The memoirs of President Clinton begin with his childhood in Arkansas and

(B)

(C)have begun with his childhood in Arkansas and culminate

(D)have begun with his childhood in Arkansas and culminating

(E)began with his childhood in Arkansas and are culminated

5.Because of ignoring its potential, biofeedback is a medical therapy most

physicians reject.

(A)Because of ignoring its potential, biofeedback is a medical therapy most

physicians reject.

(B)Biofeedback is rejected by most physicians because of their ignoring its

potential.

(C)Most physicians, because of ignoring the potential ignore its potential.

(D)Most physicians reject biofeedback because they ignore its potential.

(E) A medical therapy rejected by most physicians, caused by ignoring its potential,

is biofeedback.

6.In Death of a Salesman Willy Loman mistakenly believes that his sons have no

flaws, believing which leads to many problems for the entire family.

(A)believing which leads

(B)a belief that leads

(C)and which is to lead

(D)the belief of which leads

(E)his believing this leads

7.Clara Barton, an American nurse, whose influence as a reformer in the field of

health care almost equals that of Florence Nightingale.

(A)Clara Barton, an American nurse, whose influence as a reformer

(B)Clara Barton, who was an American nurse and whose influence as a reformer

(C)An American with influence as a nursing reformer, Clara Barton

(D)Clara Barton was an American nurse whose influence as a reformer

(E)An American, Clara Barton who was a nursing reformer and whose influence

8.During the summer months, several thousand people a day visit the park, which is

known for its waterfalls and rock formations.

(A)During the summer months, several thousand people a day visit the park, which is

known for its waterfalls and rock formations.

(B)Known for its waterfalls and rock formations, several thousand people a day visit

the park during the summer months.

(C)Several thousand people a day visit the park during the summer months known

for its waterfalls and rock formations.

(D)Several thousand people had visited the park a day, which is known for its

waterfalls and rock formations during the summer months.

(E)During the summer months, knowing its waterfalls and rock formations, several

thousand people a day visit the park.

9.Although the candidate promised both to cut taxes and improve services, he failed

to keep either of them after the election.

(A)Although the candidate promised both to cut taxes and improve services, he

(B)The candidate, having promised both to cut taxes and improve services.

(C)Although the candidate made promises both to cut taxes and improve services, he

(D)Having promised, first, to cut taxes and, second, to improve services, the

candidate

(E)The candidate’s promises were both to cut taxes and improve services, he

10.The students found fieldwork in the state forest more exciting and dangerous than

any of them had anticipated, having to be rescued by helicopter during a fire.

(A)anticipated, having to be

(B)anticipated; when they had to be

(C)anticipated: they had to be

(D)anticipated: among which was their

(E)anticipated, and so they had been

11.Chinese watercolors have become more popular than American and European

artists who are their contemporaries.

(A)American and European artists who are their contemporaries

(B)Contemporary American and European artists

(C)Those by contemporary American and European artists of the period

(D)Those of American and European pictures of the same period

(E)Those by contemporary American and European artists

12.By next year the old vaudeville theater (A)had been converted into two (B)small

theaters (C)in which films can be (D)shown. (E)No error

13.Some scholars (A)studying the writings of Emily Bronte

(C)increasingly interested in the relationships between her

(E)No error

14.At the 1984 Olympic Games, John Moffet and Pablo

swimmers on the United States team, (C)set (D)world records. (E)No error

15.Both Dorothy Sayers (A)plus Carolyn Heilbrun (B)have written scholarly works

(C)as well as popular murder mysteries, demonstrating a (D)diversity of talents

and interests. (E)No error

16.(A)Although the coach had (B)predicted that the team would have a winning

season, the (C)fans were surprised by the (D)success of the young, inexperienced 17.Because they (A)must compete with a large chain of super-stores that can afford

to charge rates for certain items, the owners of small hardware stores

know are unlikely (C)to make much profit (D)and may, in fact, go bankrupt. (E)No error

18.offers the hope (A)of preventing serious genetic diseases,

difficult ethical questions (C)raised by the (D)possibility of altering human heredity. (E)No error

19.nineteenth century, careers in business and law (A)were prestigious, but

(B)it (C)did not require practitioners (D)to hold college degrees. (D)No error

20. Chess players find that playing against a computer is helpful

(B)their skills. (C)even though on chess-playing computer has yet (D)won championship. (E)No error

21. (A) Reaching lengths of twelve inches, banana slugs (B)are the (C)much larger of all the slug species that (D)inhabit. North America. (E)No error

22. Maya Madera (A)proudly wore her sister’s (B)most popular invention, a watch for winter lighted numerals and sends out a

23. (A)Obviously, Whistler’s paintings, (C)conventional in

(D)their subject matter. (E)No error

24. A newly formed organization of homeowners and business

with the transportation department (B)to voice its (C)concerns about

shopping mall in the community. (E)No error

25. (A)Although she considers her chemistry research she (C)has heeded her professor’s advice and (D)is conducting three additional experiments.

(E)No error

26. Princeton University officials first (A)broke (B)of awarding

honorary degrees only (C)to men when they author Willa Cather.

(E)No error

27. His love of politics (A)led (B)him to volunteer in local campaigns (C)as well as

(D)a job in a government office in the state capital. (E)No error

28. Now that the research, she feels (B)reasonably confident

(C)about writing her paper on the (D)rise of the progressive movement in the United States. (E)No error

29. The condition known as laryngitis cords and surrounding tissue to swell, (B)thus preventing the cords (C)to move (D)freely. (E)No error

Questions 30-35 are based on the following.

(1)A significant problem all across our state is garbage. (2) Our landfills are

full. (3) It seems that we must either find new sites for landfills or employ other methods of disposal, like incineration. (4) Unfortunately, there are drawbacks to every solution that they think of. (5) Polluted runoff water often results from landfills. (6) With incineration of trash, you get air pollution. (7) People are criticized for not wanting to live near a polluting waste disposal facility, but really, can you blame them?

(8) Recycling can be an effective solution, but owners of apartment complexes

and other businesses complain that recycling adds to their expenses. (9) Local

governments enjoy the benefits of taxes collected from business and industry. (10) They tend to shy away from pressuring such heavy contributors to recycle.

(11) Perhaps those of us being concerned should encourage debate about what

other levels of government can do to solve the problems of waste disposal. (12) We should make a particular effort to cut down on the manufacture and use of things that will not decompose quickly. (13) Certainly we should press individuals, industries, and all levels of government to take responsible action while we can still see green grass and trees between the mountains of waste.

30. Which of the following would fit most logically between sentences 1 and 2?

(A) A sentence citing examples of states that have used up available landfills

(B) A sentence citing examples of successful alternatives to landfills

(D) A sentence citing the number of illnesses blamed on polluted water in the state

(E) A sentence citing the average amount of trash disposed of annually by each person in the state

31. Which of the following is the best way to phrase the underlined portion of sentence 4 (reproduced below)?

Unfortunately, there are drawbacks to every solution that they think of.

(A)(as it is now)

(B)that was thought of

(C)that they have previously come up with

(D)to which there are proposals

(E)that has been proposed

32. Which of the following is the best way to revise and combine sentences 5 and 6 (reproduced below)?

Polluted runoff water often results from landfills. With incineration of trash, you get air pollution.

(A)With landfills, polluted runoff water will result, and whereas with incineration of

trash, you get air pollution.

(B)While on the one hand are landfills and polluted runoff water, on the other hand

you have air pollution in the case of incineration of trash.

(C)Landfills often produce polluted runoff water, and trash incineration creates air

pollution.

(D)Landfills and incineration that produce water and air pollution.

(E)Runoff water is from new landfills; from incineration of trash, there is air

pollution.

33. If sentence 8 were rewritten to begin with the clause ―Although recycling can be an effective solution,‖ the next words would most logically be

(A) and owners of apartment complexes and other businesses complain

(B) yet owners of apartment complexes and other businesses complain

(D) mostly owners of apartment complexes and other businesses are complaining

(E) owners of apartment complexes and other business complained

34. In context, which of the following is the best way to combine sentences 9 and 10?

(A) Local governments enjoy the benefits of taxes collected from business and industry, as they tend to shy away from pressuring such heavy contributors to recycle.

(B) Because local governments enjoy the benefits of taxes collected from business and industry they tend to shy away from pressuring such heavy contributors to recycle.

(C) However, local governments enjoy the benefits of taxes collected from business and industry they tend to shy away from pressuring such heavy contributors to recycle.

(D) In addition to enjoying the benefits of taxes collected from business and industry, local governments tend to shy away from pressuring business and industry into recycling.

(E) Local governments, enjoying the benefits of taxes collected from business and industry, they tend to shy away from pressure to recycle.

35. Which of the following is the best phrasing for the underlined portion of sentence 11 (reproduced below)?

Perhaps those of us being concerned should encourage debate about what other levels of government can do to solve the problems of waste disposal.

(A)(as it is now)

(B)those of us who are concerned

(C)those concerned ones of us

(D)we, being among those who are concerned

(E)we who are those being concerned

36. In their zeal to make beachfront living widely available, developers have overbuilt, thereby they endanger fragile coastlines.

(A) overbuilt, thereby they endanger fragile coastlines

(B) overbuilt they endanger fragile coastlines as a result

(D) overbuilt; fragile coastlines endangered thereby

(E) overbuilt, the fragile coastlines are endangered by this

37. Hawaii’s Haleakala, being more than 10,000 feet high, and the world’s largest dormant volcano.

(A) Haleakala, being more than 10,000 feet high and

(B) Haleakala, more than 10,000 feet high, it is

(D) Haleakala, more than 10,000 feet high, is

(E) Haleakala, more than 10,000 feet high; it is

38. I do not blame Leslie for her anger yesterday, being it was her plan and she should have credit for it.

(A) yesterday, being it was her plan and she should have credit for it

(B) yesterday, being that she should have credit for it when it was her plan

(D) yesterday; since she should receive credit, it being her plan

(E) yesterday: it was her plan, and she should have received credit for it

39. At the time at which temperatures approach absolute zero, or -459.7’F, metals become highly conductive, and their volume shrinks dramatically.

(A) At the time at which temperatures approach

(B) When temperatures approach

(D) At the point temperatures had approached

(E) While temperatures approaching

40. Participants in the executive leadership workshop expect a program of outstanding speakers and gaining information about new approaches to management.

(A) and gaining information

(B) as well as information

(D) and also being informed

(E) in addition, they expect to gain information

41. One of the unforeseen consequences of the editor’s management style is that it

(B) that they leave so little room for innovation

(D) that innovation has so little room left from it

(E) to leave so little room for innovation

42. For decades. African American music has inspired musicians throughout the world, including in Russia.

(A) including in Russia

(B) including those of Russia

(D) one of which is Russia

(E) one example being Russia

43. By the end of the eighteenth century, watchmaking technology had greatly improved, and they were standard equipment for military personnel.

(A) and they were standard equipment for military personnel

(B) so it was standard equipment for military personnel to have watches

(D) and watches had become standard equipment for military personnel

(E) and for military personnel it was standard equipment

44. Nancy and Carlos will represent Central High in the swimming competition, their work in this having been excellent this year.

(A) competition, their work in this having been excellent this year

(B) competition, they have done excellent work this year in this

(D) competition, for their swimming has been excellent this year

(E) competition, their work as swimmers having been excellent this year

45. After 1907, residents of the Omaha Reservation could use the hospital in Walthill, Nebraska, it was established by Dr. Susan LaFlesche Picotte, an Omaha Indian.

(A) hospital in Walthill, Nebraska, it was established by Dr. Susan LaFlesche Picotte, an Omaha Indian.

(B) hospital; it was in Walthill, Nebraska and established by Dr. Susan LaFlesche Picotte, an Omaha Indian

(D) Walthill, Nebraska, hospital where an Omaha Indian, Dr. Susan LaFlesche Picotte, established it

(E) hospital established in Walthill, Nebraska, by Dr. Susan LaFlesche Picotte, an Omaha Indian

46. Eating food that has a high concentration of fat causes essentially the same reaction in the stomach than if you eat too fast.

(A) than if you eat

(B) than to eat

(D) as eating

(E) as it does when eating

47. Not one of the students in the advanced chemistry class have passed a single test with a grade better than a C, but the second half of the course will be easier.

(A) have passed a single test with a grade better than a C

(B) have managed to pass a single test with better than a C grade

(D) has passed having better than a C grade on a single test

(E) has passed a single test with better than a C grade

48. In neighborhoods throughout the United States, one can encounter hundreds of

different rope-jumping game, each with its own rules.

(A) each with its own rules

(B) each having their own rules

(D) which has its own rules

(E) they each have rules of their own

49. A flurry of do-it-yourself books on the market today are inspiring homeowners to do their own repairs.

(A) are inspiring homeowners to do their own repairs

(B) are inspiring to homeowners about their own repair

(D) is inspiring homeowners to do their own repairs

(E) inspiring homeowners to repair their own homes

Test 2

1. A stranger, the students were surprised to see him enter the classroom carrying a bowling ball.

(A) A stranger, the students were surprised to see him enter the classroom carrying a bowling ball.

(B) A stranger carrying a bowling ball, the students were surprised to see him entering the classroom.

(D) The students were surprised to see a stranger carrying a bowling ball enter the classroom.

(E) The students, who were surprised to see a stranger enter the classroom carrying a bowling ball.

2. Several of Frank Stella’s paintings were inspired by the shapes of waves and whales, titled after chapter headings from Moby-Dick.

(A) paintings were inspired by the shapes of waves and whales, titled

(B) paintings had their inspiration from the shapes of waves and whales with titles

(D) paintings, which were inspired by the shapes of waves and whales and which are titled

(E) paintings, being inspired by the shapes of waves and whales, titled

3. The mayor claimed that a majority of the property owners would have favored her proposal if put to the vote.

(A) would have favored her proposal if put

(B) would have favored her proposal if it had been put

(D) favored her proposal if put

(E) favored her proposal if they were put

4. The psychologist states that most people want the same things: interesting and meaningful work, respect, and to have them be loved for themselves alone.

(A) interesting and meaningful work, respect, and to have them be loved for themselves alone

(B) to have interesting and meaningful work, respect, and loved for themselves alone

(D) interesting and meaningful work, respect, and their own love

(E) to have interesting and meaningful work, to be respected, and to be loved for themselves alone

5. By employing exotic harmonies and making unusual use of instruments, Mahler was a pathfinder from romanticism to modern music.

(A) Mahler was a pathfinder

(B) a path was created by Mahler

(D) Mahler was the creator of a path

(E) was how Mahler created a path

6. In the past, many famous painters meticulously ground their own colors, an

(B) inasmuch as they showed attention to detail, it is noteworthy

(D) an idea that is noteworthy in showing their attention to detail

(E) which is noteworthy and it shows an attention to detail

7. By including pieces of cloth, newspaper, wallpaper, and other materials in his work, Picasso’s innovation had an important influence on twentieth-century art.

(A) Picasso’s innovation had an important influence on

(B) this innovation of Picasso’s was important in its influence over

(D) Picasso was influential, with his innovation, over

(E)the innovative Picasso was an important influence on

8. Once American films looked slick and commercial compared to European imports;

(B) now they are almost the reverse

(D) now it is almost the reverse that is true

(E) it has now been almost reversed

9. Although known primarily as a poet, the paintings of Lawrence Ferlinghetti have recently been receiving public attention.

(A) Although known primarily as a poet, the paintings of Lawrence Ferlinghetti

(B) Although known primarily for his poetry, Lawrence Ferlinghetti’s paintings

(D) Although Lawrence Ferlinghetti is known primarily as a poet and his paintings

(E) Although Lawrence Ferlinghetti is known primarily for his poetry, his paintings

10. For many a brilliant architect, being free to innovate in more important than being well paid.

(A) being free to innovate is more important than

(B) having freedom of innovation is more important than

(D) freedom to innovate has more importance than

(E) to have the freedom to innovate is more important than

11. What was not achieved in last year’s county voter registration drive was more than compensated for by this year, which registered over three thousand new voters.

(A) by this year, which registered over three thousand new voters

(B) by this year, having over three thousand new voters registered

(D) when they registered three thousand new voters this year

(E) this year, when they registered over three thousand new voters

12. (A)For the cyclist exploring Ireland s western cliffs, every road leading (B)out of the town of Clifden offers (C)their (D)own set of wonders. (E)No error

13.The construction of a waterway linking the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans (A)was first proposed in 1524, (B)but not until the Panama Canal opened in 1914 did (C)such

a project become (D)a reality. (E)No error

14. The charm (A)of Lofting;s book (B)lies in the humorous reversal (C)of roles——the animals guide, assist, and care of the helpless humans.

(E)No error

of one industry, and sense (C)of the process (D)as a whole.(E)No error.

16.The Stegosaurus ,(A)plant-eating dinosaurs with (B)protective bony plates and tail

spikes, was (C)once common in (D)what is now Colorado. (E)No error

17.Some plants use chemical signals (A)that repel insects, and (B)also these signals help to put neighboring plants on alert (C)so they can (D)mount their own defenses.

(E)No error.

18. in the classroom allows students (A)to undertake

projects that (C)them to be (D)both analytical and intellectually adventurous. (E)No error

19.When one (A)is researching the customs of a must (C)learn about its history and observe its people going about (D)their ordinary activities. (E)No error

20.(A)Working with consummate skill, Picasso sketched a (B)portrait of the youthful

(C)but experienced dancer who was (D)posing for his. (E)No error

21.(A)From 1566 until 1576 Santa Elena,

Carolina, was the capital of Spanish an English settlement by 1735. (E)No error

22.(A)Despite the attorney s moving plea, the judge (B)placed the juvenile offender

(C)on probation for an (D)indecisive period. (E)No error

23.(A)Yearning for a (B)truly representative art form of the Americas, the art world

s (C)looked hopefully to the three popular Mexican mural artists (D)of the day. (E)No error

24.There has always been a (A)great deal of friction between

(C)because we have opposing political views (D)about which we are very vocal.

(E)No error

25.(A)When M.R. Harrington, an archaeologist from the Museum of the American

Indian, (B)began to excavate the ruins (C)he named the Pueblo Grande de Nevada, he unearthed artifacts (D)indicating a 500-year occupation by indigenous peoples.

26.The supervisor cited three workers, each of (A)which (B)is likely to win a prize

(C)for having suggested cost-effective changes (D)at the factory. (E)No error

27.Freedom of action and the foundation (B)not only of our

system of government but also of our (C)expectations concerning human relations

(D)at all levels of society. (E)No error

28.While both disaster rescue workers (A)may face physical

danger, (B)the latter can usually control (C)his or her exposure to risk, (D)whereas rescue workers often cannot. (E)No error

29.The refusal of the management (A)to revise (C)policy on family leave

(D)caused an uproar among employees. (E)No error

Questions 30-35 are based on the following passage.

(1) Some of the world’s greatest scientists have been women, and most people

still tend to think of science as a ―man’s game.‖(2) There are probably many reasons that more men than women had fame as scientists. (3) Unequal access to educational opportunities is certainly one.

(4) But sometimes the reason is plain old-fashioned dishonesty. (5) James

Watson, Francis Crick, and Maurice Wilkins were awarded the Nobel Prize for the discovery by them of the double helix structure of the DNA molecule. (6) The discovery is seen by most as one of the greatest contributions to the modern history of biology.

(7) One of the most important pieces of evidence used by Watson and Crick

to figure out this structure was an x-ray diffraction photograph that had been taken by a woman, Rosalind Franklin. (8) Scientists often build on the work of other scientists, but they usually do so openly. (9) Franklin’s photograph was secretly shown to Watson by her colleague Maurice Wilkins. (10) Who never told her what he had done. (11) And then Watson, Crick, and Wilkins gave Nobel Prize lectures that contained 98 references to the work of other scientists, not citing a single one of Franklin’s papers. (12) Of them only Wilkins in his speech making even a casual reference to her when he said she made some ―very valuable contributions to the x-ray analysis.‖

30.In context, which of the following is the best change to make to sentence 1?

(A)Insert ―As one can see‖ at the beginning.

(B)Inters ―In the field of genetics‖ at the beginning.

(C)Insert ―of course‖ after ―and‖.

(D)Insert ―yet‖ after ―and‖.

(E)Delete the quotation marks.

31.What is the best way to deal with sentence 2?

(A)Omit it.

(B)Switch it with sentence 1.

(C)Insert ―Definitely‖ at the beginning

(D)Change ―many‖ to ―lots of‖

(E)Change ―had‖ to ―have achieved‖.

32.Which of the following sentences is best inserted after sentence 3?

(A)They think of science as a field in which men have been traditionally encouraged

to participate.

(B)The failure of the educational system to nurture young girls’ interest in science

(C)Some of the best-known names in science are those of men such as Galileo and

Einstein.

(D)The girls in my school are not given the same opportunities to study scientific

subjects as the boys are.

(E)Yet Rosalind Franklin was a woman who made a number of extremely significant

contributions to modern science.

33.In context, which of the following is the best way to express the underlined

portion of sentence 5 (reproduced below)?

James Watson, Francis Crick, and Maurice Wilkins were awarded the Nobel Prize for the discovery by them of the double helix structure of the DNA molecule.

(A)(As it is now)

(B)They were awarded the Nobel Prize for the discovery

(C)Watson, Crick, and Wilkins were awarded the Nobel Prize for the discovery by

them

(D)James Watson, Francis Crick, and Maurice Wilkins were awarded the Noble Prize

for their discovery

(E)But the Nobel Prize was awarded to Watson, Crick, and Wilkins for the discovery

34.In context, which of the following is the best version of sentences 9 and

10(reproduced below)?

Franklin’s photograph was secretly shown to Watson by her colleague Maurice Wilkins. Who never told her what he had done.

(A)(As it is now)

(B)Similarly, her colleague Maurice Wilkins showed Franklin’s photograph to

Watson, and he never told her about it.

(C)Unfortunately, she did not know that her colleague Maurice Wilkins had secretly

shown this photograph to Watson.

(D)In fact, Franklin’s colleague Maurice Wilkins never told her that he had shown

Watson the photograph.

(E)In this case, Franklin’s colleague Maurice Wilkins secretly showed Watson her

photograph without telling her.

35.Which of the following is the best way to express the underlined portion of

sentence 12(reprinted below)?

Of them only Wilkins in his speech making even a casual reference to her when he said she made some ―very valuable contributions to the x-ray analysis.‖

(A)(As it is now)

(B)Having made his speech, only Wilkins had made even

(C)Of the three, only Wilkins made even

(D)Only his speech contained even

(E)In the same manner, Wilkins made

36.The amount of garbage produced in the United States could be reduced by

recycling trash, minimizing packaging, and developing new technology for incinerators and landfills.

(A)and developing new technology

(B)and if they develop new technology

(C)and also by developing new technology

(D)and new technology being developed

(E)and if there was new technology

37.Tickets are available at the box office they can be picked up one hour before the

performance.

(A)at the box office they can be picked up one hour before the performance

(B)at the box office; they can be picked up one hour before the performance

(C)one hour before the performance, they can be picked up at the box office

(D)and that can be picked up at the box office one hour before the performance

(E)at the box office, one hour before the performance is when they can be picked up

38.Medical research now emphasizes that the best treatment for many diseases is the

body’s own defenses being stimulated.

(A)the best treatment for many diseases is the body’s own defenses being stimulated

(B)the best treatment for many diseases is stimulation of the body’s own defenses

(C)there should be stimulation of the body’s own defenses for the best treatment for

many diseases

(D)there should be a stimulation of the body’s own defenses to achieve the best

treatment for many diseases

(E)the body’s own defenses should have stimulation for the best treatment for many

diseases

39.Some political scientists are convinced that the major conflict toward democracy

and communism is moral.

(A)toward democracy and communism is moral

(B)is a moral one between democracy and communism

(C)between democracy, compared to communism

(D)is a moral one for democracy, compared to communism

(E)between democracy and communism is a moral one

40.Until just recently many students would take lengthy trips during spring break

rather than temporary jobs like now.

(A)break rather than temporary jobs like now

(B)break instead of temporary jobs like now

(C)break; now they take temporary jobs

(D)break; instead, students are taking temporary jobs

(E)break, but now it is temporary jobs

41.To meet the college’s requirement of service to her community, 40 hours of her

time to Habitat for Humanity were volunteered by Laurie.

(A)40 hours of her time to Habitat for Humanity were volunteered by Laurie

(B)Laurie volunteered 40 hours of her time to Habitat for Humanity

(D)Through 40 hours of volunteering by Laurie to Habitat for Humanity

(E)Laurie, to Habitat for Humanity, was volunteering 40 hours of her time

42.Reviews of books and films have generally been exempt from the standards of

libel that are applied to news stories, but they are now questioning the distinction between reporting and criticism.

(A)they are now questioning the distinction between reporting and criticism

(B)questions are now being asked by them as to the distinction between reporting and

criticism

(C)the distinction between reporting and criticism is now being questioned

(D)the question they are asking now is whether there is a distinction between

reporting and criticism

(E)the distinction they make between reporting and criticism is now questioned

43.A writer who well understood the plight of the underprivileged, many acclaim

Richard Wright as the novelist of the downtrodden.

(A)many acclaim Richard Wright as

(B)many have acclaimed Richard Wright as

(C)Richard Wright is being acclaimed by many as

(D)Richard Wright has been widely acclaimed as

(E)Widely acclaimed is Richard Wright as

44.Having no additional funs to spend, the meeting of the budget committee was

promptly concluded.

(A)the meeting of the budget committee was promptly concluded

(B)the meeting of the budget committee concluded promptly

(C)the conclusion of the budget committee meeting was prompt

(D)the budget committee promptly concluded its meeting

(E)the budget committee’s meeting was promptly concluded

45.In the early songs of the Beatles, one hears plaintive Blues-inspired melodies that

would seem to be more a product of rural southern America than an English industrial city.

(A)a product of rural southern America than an English industrial city

(B)a product from rural southern America than that of an English industrial city

(C)produced in rural southern America than by an English industrial city

(D)a product out of rural southern America than from an English industrial city

(E)a product of rural southern America than of an English industrial city

46.In 1968 air pollution from automobile exhaust, particularly like that in the Los

Angeles environs, became of an increasingly more urgent concern to environmentalists.

(A)like that in the Los Angeles environs, became of an increasingly more urgent

(B)of the sort found in the Los Angeles area, became an increasingly urgent

(C)such as you have in the area of Los Angeles, became of increasingly more urgent

(D)like the kind in and around Los Angeles and its environs, became an increasingly

urgent

(E)the kind similar to the Los Angeles area, became an increasingly more urgent

47.Although long considered a vestigial organ that has no function in humans, the

appendix, some scientists believe, may have a significant role as part of the body’s immune system.

(A)the appendix, some scientists believe, may have

(B)the appendix, which, some scientists believe, may have

(C)the appendix, in the belief of some scientists, is possibly having

(D)the appendix is believed by some scientists as perhaps having

(E)some scientists believe the appendix may have

48.Failing to anticipate the sharp downturn in the economy, millions of dollars were

lost through the investment fund’s managers’ slowness to act.

(A)millions of dollars were lost through the investment fund’s managers’ slowness to

act

(B)millions of dollars were lost due to the slowness of the investment fund’s

managers to act

(C)the investment fund’s managers were slow to act, millions of dollars were lost as

a result

(D)the investment fund’s managers were slow to act and thus lost millions of dollars

(E)the investment fund lost millions of dollars because its managers acted too slowly

49.Most often defenders of art have justified its existence with their pointing out a

function that nothing but art itself could perform.

(A)with their pointing out a function that nothing but art itself could perform

(B)by them pointing out a function that only art could perform

(C)through the pointing out of a function performed by art alone

(D)by pointing to some function that art alone can perform

(E)through their having pointed to a function performed by art itself

Text 3

1.Industrial growth that was being stifled by the country’s dictatorship, but now they

are developing their full economic potential.

(A)Industrial growth that was being stifled by the country’s dictatorship, but now

they are developing their full economic potential.

(B)The dictatorship had stifled industrial growth, but the country is now developing

their full economic potential.

(C)Industrial growth was stifled by the country’s dictatorship, and so now they are

developing their full economic potential.

(D)Though the dictatorship had stifled industrial growth, the country is now

developing its full economic potential.

(E)Now developing their full economic potential, the country’s dictatorship had

stifled industrial growth.

2.Looking down through the boat’s glass bottom, a school of yellow fish was seen

swimming along with the turtles.

(A)a school of yellow fish was seen

(B)a school of yellow fish were seen

(C)we saw a school of yellow fish

(D)we seen a school of yellow fish

(E)yellow fish in schools are seen

3. A radio system consists of a means of transforming sounds into electromagnetic waves and of transmitting those waves through space; after this those waves must be transformed back into sounds.

(A) waves and of transmitting those waves through space; after this those waves must be transformed

(B) waves, transmitting the waves through space, and transforming them

(D) waves and of transmitting them through space; after this the waves have to be translated

(E) waves, of the transmitting of those waves through apace and of translating same

4. It underlies the poem that human beings are free to choose and may be blamed for their choices.

(A) It underlies the poem

(B) In the poem, they assumed

(D) It is an assumption that underlies the poem

(E) The basic assumption of the poem is

5. The modern city may not have new citadels or cathedrals, but there is a great many new office buildings and freeways.

(A) but there is a great many new office buildings and freeways

(B) but it does have a great many new office buildings and freeways

(D) although many new office buildings and freeways are there

(E) although a great many new office buildings and freeways are seen

6. The remains of the Apatosaurus provide evidence of there being giants existing on Earth during the late Jurassic period.

(A) of there being giants existing

(B) of there having been giants existing

(D) that giants have existed

(E) that giants existed

7. Farming in that area of the country is inefficient because of their farm machinery shortage and that they lack the knowledge to operate it.

(A) because of their farm machinery shortage and that they lack the

(B) in that they have a shortage of farm machinery and a lack of

(D) in that there is both a shortage of farm machinery as well as a lack of

(E) because of the shortage of farm machinery and the lack of

8. The most popular painting in the exhibit of works by local artists was done by a seventy-year-old woman, who painted an exquisite self-portrait of herself.

(A) was done by a seventy-year-old woman, who painted an exquisite self-portrait of herself

(B) was an exquisite self-portrait of a seventy-year-old woman, who painted herself

(D) was done by a seventy-year-old woman, and it is her own exquisite self- portrait

(E) was by a seventy-year-old woman, being an exquisite self-portrait

9. The tiles are sorted not only by their surface appearance but also according to their hardness and their capacity of conducting heat.

(A) according to their hardness and their capacity of conducting heat

(B) according to their hardness and of their heat conducting capacity

(D) by their hardness and their capacity for conducting heat

(E) by their hardness and capacity in heat conduction

10. Radio frequencies have to be allocated to users so that one transmission will not

(B) each transmission cannot interfere with another’s

(D) no transmission is interfered with by another

(E) no one transmission would have interference with the other

11. The Pony Express was an ingenious system for carrying mail; it was in existence

(D) mail; having existed only briefly

(E) mail, but was existing only briefly

we (B)took a bus to another airport, where (C)there are several planes (D)leaving for Denver that evening. (E)No error

13. Only after the floodwaters had (A)rose two feet (B)was the mayor willing (C)to order the (D)evacuation of some homes. (E)No error

14. Confucianism is more a code of a religion; it presents no deities (B)but fosters (C)instead a respect for one’s ancestors and for an (D)orderly society. (E)No error

15. (A)Just as parents (B)vary in their readiness to have their children leave home for college, young people in (C)his or her readiness (D)to leave. (E)No error

16. Local party organizations have voter turnout is diminished

(A)considerably (B)whenever the media (C)projected election results early (D)in the day. (E)No error

17. (A)Absent from the speech and laboratory technicians upon (C)whose contributions the chemist had depended (D)heavily. (E)No error

18. Paul’s letter to (A)myself about the missing money (B)was not intended (C)to be read by (D)any other member of the organization. (E)No error

19. After the prince characterized modern architecture (A)as ugly,

(C)severely criticized for having been (D)so outspoken in public. (D)No error

20. (A)No matter how (C)are capable of

(D)damaging the land over which they travel. (E)No error

21. The black squirrels (A)drew a crowd of students, (B)for(C) it had (D)never been seen on the campus before.(E)No error