新编英语语法教程（第6版）第21讲练习参考答案Ex. 21A was sorry to learn… will be sad to hear… would be very surprised to receive… is happy to have found… was afraid to go… was pleased to hear… am very anxious to meet you. were delighted to receive your telegram. were sensible to stay indoors. clerk was prompt to answer the call. rule is easy to remember. are reluctant to leave this neighbourhood. house is difficult to heat. you ready to leave would be foolish to go out in this weather. is quick to see the point. is very keen to get on. are proud to have him as a friend. was rude not to answer your letter. are happy to have you with us this evening. Ex. 21B decision to resign surprised all of us. showed no inclination to leave.
导论———语法层次 0.1 词素 1）自由词素 2）粘附词素 0.2 词 1）简单词、派生词、符合词 2）封闭词类和开放词类 0.3 词组 1）名词词组 2）动词词组 3）形容词词组 4）副词词组 5）介词词组 0.4分句 1）独立分句和从属分句 2）简单分句和复杂分句 3）主句和从句 4）限定分句、非限定性分句、无动词分句0.5 句子 1）完全句和不完全句 2）简单句、并列句、复杂句、并列复杂句 第1讲句子结构 1.1 主谓结构和句子分析 1）主语和谓语 2）句子分析 1.2 基本句型及其转换与扩大 1）基本句型 2）基本句型的转换与扩大 第2讲主谓一致（一） 2.1指导原则 1）语法一致 2）意义一致和就近原则 2.2 以-s 结尾的名词作主语的主谓一致问题1）以-s结尾的疾病名称和游戏名称 2）以-s结尾的学科名称 3）以-s结尾的地理名称 4）其他以-s结尾的名词 2.3 以集体名词作主语的主谓一致问题 1) 通常作复数的集体名词 2）通常作不可数名词的集体名词 3）既可作单数也可作复数的集体名词 4）a committee of 等+复数名词
第3讲主谓一致（二） 3.1 以并列结构作主语的主谓一致问题 1）由and/both... And 连接的并列主语 2）由or/nor/either...or 等连接的并列主语 3）主语+as much as 等 4）主语+as well as 等 3.2 以表示数量概念的名词词组作主语的主谓一直问题1）以表示确定数量的名词词组作主语 2) 以表示非确定数量的名词词组作主语 3.3 其他方面的主谓一致问题 1）以名词性分句作主语的主谓一致问题 2）以非限定分句作主语的主谓一致问题 3）关系分句中的主谓一致问题 4）分裂句中的主谓一致问题 5）存在句中的主谓一致问题 第4讲 4.1 名词分类和名词词组的句法功能 1）名词分类 2）名词词组的句法功能 4.2 名词的数 1）规则复数和不规则复数 2）集体名词、物质名词、抽象名词、专有名词的数4.3 单位词 1）一般表示个数的单位词 2）表示形状的单位词 3）表示容积的单位词 4）表示动作状态的单位词 5）表示成双、成对、成群的单位词 第5讲 5.1 名词属格的构成、意义和用法 1）名词属格的构成 2）名词属格的意义 3）名词属格的用法 5.2 独立属格和双重属格 1）独立属格 2）双重属格 第6讲限定词（一） 6.1限定词与三类名词的搭配关系 1）能与三类名词搭配的限定词 2）只能与单数名词搭配的限定词 3）只能与复数名词搭配的限定词
大学英语语法模拟试题 1. Mr. and Mrs. Burns feel more comfortable on a ship than they would be if they ______________any other way. A. would travel B. travelled C. are travelling D. have travelled 2. We______________ that Jim be there. A. hope B. wish C. expect D .ask 3. Lucy is glad she didn’t stay on the farm. She______________ bored. A. may be B. will be C. could be D. might have been 4. The dean of studies would have come to see you had it been possible, but he ______________so busy then. A. had been B. was C. were D. would be 5. They would certainly have come and helped us ______________time. A. did they have B. had they had C. had they have D would they have 6. If you were in better health, we______________ you to join in the work last week. A. would have allowed B. would allow C. should allow D. had allowed 7. She cried for her______________ lover. A. departed B. being departed C. departing D. having departed 8. ______________ in an important examination, one of the students in his class lost interest in his work A. Failing B. Failed C. Having been failed D. Having Failed 9. If it______________ tomorrow, I’ll stay at home. A. rained B. will rain C. had rained D. rains 10. “It’s getting very late.”“Yes, it’s time______________.” A. that we left B. we leave C. we’ll leave D. we have left a bus to go there, but he preferred to walk.
《新编英语语法教程》主要章节语法术语Introduction: Grammatical Hierarchy (导论—语法层次) 2. Parts of speech (word class) 3. Phrases 词组 4. Clause 分句 5. Sentence 句子 1. Morpheme 词素 Free morpheme 自由词素 Bound morpheme 粘附词素 Allomorph 词素变体 Noun phrase Verb phrase Adjective phrase Adverb phrase Preposition phrase Conjunction
Lecture 1 Sentence Structure（L1）Sentence elements: S (subject) 主语V (predicate verb) 谓语动词 O (object) 宾语 C (complement) 补足语 A (Adverbial) 状语 1. Two ways of sentence analysis 1) SVO Sentence Clause NP VP NP Subject Predicate verb Object All the man have done their best. Sentence = Subject + Predicate (Predicate Verb + Object, Complement, Adverbial, etc.) ●句子由主语和谓语构成，进一步把谓语剖析为谓语动词、宾语、补语、状语等。 2) Subject + Predicate (= operator + predication) Sentence Clause Subject Predicate Operator Predication All the man have done their best. ●句子由主语和谓语构成，进一步把谓语剖析为操作词（operator）和述谓成分（predication）。 2. Basic clause types SVC, SV, SV A, SVO, SVOA, SVOC, SV oO Lecture 2 Subject-Verb Concord （L2-3） Guiding principles: Grammatical Concord Notional Concord Principle of Proximity 语法一致原则意义一致原则就近原则 Nominal clause Non-finite clause Relative clause Cleft sentence Existential clause 名词性分句非限定分句关系分句分裂句存在句Lecture 3 Noun and Noun Phrase（L4-5） 1. Classification of nouns
大学英语语法模似试题 1. Mr. and Mrs. Burns feel more comfortable on a ship than they would be if they any other way. A. would travel B. travelled C. are travelling D. have travelled 2. We that Jim be there. A. hope B. wish C. expect D .ask 3. Lucy is glad she didn^ t stay on the farm. She bored. A. may be B. will be C. could be D. might have been 4. The dean of studies would have come to see you had it been possible, but he so busy then. A. had been B. was C. were D. would be 5. They would certainly have come and helped us time. A. did they have C. had they have 6. If you were in better health, wc. A. would have allowed C. should allow 7. She cried for her A. departed B. being departed C. departing D. having departed _____________ in an important examination, one of the students in his class lost interest in his work A. Failing B. Failed C. Having been failed D. Having Failed 9. Tf it _____________ tomorrow, P 11 stay at home. A. rained B. will rain C. had rained D. rains 10. “Tt’ s getting very late. n “Yes, it’ s time __________________________ . ” A. that we left B. we leave C. we^ 11 leave D. we have 1 eft 1 Ule ______________ a bus to go there, but he preferred to walk. A. should have taken B. could take C. could have taken IX hadn^ t taken 12. _____________ the English examination I would have gone to the concert last Sunday- A. Tn spite of B. But for C. Because of D. As for 13- _____________ , we can hardly get to the station by sixclock. A. As it wi 11 be B. As it seemed C. As it is D. As if it seems 14. We hung out a lantern lest he ___________________ lost in the mist. A. gets B. get C. will get D. got 15- Tt is quite natural that such fears _______________________ . A. rise B. should arise C. should rise D. are arisen 16. Pm sorry to _________________ your private thoughts, but T think we should get on with some work. A. break in B. break on C. break in on D. break out 17. Do you think he will_________________ a cook wearing that hat? pass for B> pass as C. pass through D. pass on B. had they had D would they have ___________ you to join in the work last week. B. would allow D. had allowed 1 over. 8.
新编英语语法教程（第 6 版）第 10 讲练习参考答案 Ex. 10A When it comes to making a conscious effort to help keep a public place clean, most people just don ’ t make the effort. I ’ m a maintenance man for a department store. If people did make the effort, I probably wouldn ’ t haveob. a j The area that I have to spend the most time cleaning is the employees ’lunchroom . Employees go there during breaks, lunch, and dinner. The maintenance department supplies containers for garbage and ashtrays for cigaret te butts. But when they finish their food the employees will either throw their papers on the floor or leave them on the table. Some employees will on occasion throw their papers in the garbage container, but most of them who smoke will eithe r flick their ashes on the floor or in the half-filled soda cups. Cigarette butts are found anywhere other than in the ashtray, because the ashtrays may have been stolen or have been filled with gum. Sometimes an employee will remark, “ Aren ’ t these people pigs? They don ’ t even up after themselves,” as they proceed to walk away fromtheir littered table. Ex. 10B 1. its 2. his, he 3. them 4. it has 5. it, it has to 6. its / their 7. its8. him / them 9. he is / they are 10. it 11. it 12. his / their 13. isn’ t it14. take / takes 15. his / their 16. has, her 17. their 18. has, his 19. they, themselves 20. tends, itself Ex. 10C 1. it / she 2. It 3. it / her 4. her 5. his / one ’ s, he / one, his / one ’ s
1.主谓一致 主谓一致Subject-Verb Concord即谓语动词在人称和数上要和主语保持一致，主谓一致包括语法一致、意义一致和就近一致。 1.1指导原则 (1)语法一致 语法一致即谓语动词在单复数形式上要和主语保持一致 eg. A grammar book helps you learn something about the rules of a language. (主语是单数形式， 谓语也采取单数形式） 语法书帮助你学习语言的某些规则. Grammar books help you learn something about the rules of a language. (主语是复数形式，谓语也采取复数形式） 语法书帮助你学习语言的某些规则. (2)意义一致和就近原则 意义一致就是谓语动词要和主语意义上的单复数保持一致。 补充解释和例句见书P22 就近一致就是谓语动词要和靠近它的主语部分保持一致。 常出现在这类句子中的连词有：or, either…or…，neither… nor …，not only… but also …等. 例句见书P23 英语中，有时几个名词或代词有某些此连接起来一起作句子的主语，此时，谓语动词的形式就须有与之最接近的名词或代词的人称和数决定。如： (1) There is a desk and five chairs in his room. 他房间里有一张办公桌和五把椅子。 There are five chairs and a desk in his room. 他房间里有五把椅子和一张办公桌。 (2) Either you or Li Lei is going to be sent there. 要么是你要么是李蕾将被派到那里去。 Are either you or Li Lei going to be sent there? 是你将被派到那里去还是李蕾将被派到那里去？ 1.2-s结尾的名词作主语 (1)以-s结尾的疾病名称和游戏名称 (2)以-ics结尾的学科名称 (3)以-s结尾的地理名称 (4)其他以-s结尾的名词 1.3以集合名词作主语
新编英语语法教程第六版题目答案 --33讲习题题目答案Ex. 33A 1.Thank you very much for the present you sent me. 2.2. She was dancing with a student who…/ The student (who/ whom/ that) she was dancing with… 3.3. …The telephone box (which/ that) I was phoning from/…from which I was phoning. 4. 4. The chair (which/ that) I was sitting in…/ The chair in which I was sitting… 5.5. I missed the train (which/ that) I usually catch, and I had to…on the next, which was a slow train. 6.6. …in patched jeans, which surprised the other guests, most of whom were wearing… 7. The string (which/ that) they tie up parcels with/ The string with which they tie up parcels is so weak that… 8. The boy (whom/who) Peter shared a flat with/ The boy with whom Peter shared a flat was a philosophy student and… 9. …, which turned out to be true. 10. …, most of which hadn't…. 11. …, who could give him the sack at any moment.
导论 ——语法层次 自由词素Free Morpheme 词素屈折词缀Inflectional Affix 粘附词素Bound Morpheme 前缀Prefix 派生词缀Derivational Affix 后缀Suffix 简单词Simple Word 构成（构词法）派生词Derivative 复合词Compound Word 词封闭词类：所有功能词Function Word （介代连助限定词）类别（语法功能）半闭半开：基数词序数词感叹词 开放词类：名词Noun形容词Adjective副词主动词Verb 名词词组Noun Phrase：（限定词）+（置修饰语)+名词+(后置修饰语) 简单动词词组Simple Phrase 主动词为中心词 语法动词词组Verb Phrase 复杂动词词组Complex phrase 词组限定动词词组Finite Verb Phrase 按照动词形式 非限定词词组Non-finite Verb Phrase 形容词词组Adjective Phrase：（修饰语）+形容词+（后置修饰语/补足成分） 副词词组Adverb Phrase：（修饰语）+副词+（后置修饰语） 介词词组Prepositional Phrase：（修饰语）+介词+不足成分 主句Main Clause 形式 分句从句Subordinate Claus 限定分句Finite Clause 功能无动词分句Verbless Clause 非限定分句Non-finite Clause：不定式-ing分词-ed分词 简单句Simple Sentence 形式并列句Compound Sentence 复杂句Complex Sentence 句子并列复杂句Compound-complex Sentence 陈述句Declarative Sentence 疑问句Question 功能感叹句Exclamatory Sentence 祈使句Imperative Sentence
Key to 9A 1.0 2. 0 3. the, an 4. the 5. 0 6. the, the, the 7. 0, a 8. 0, the 9. a, the 10. the 11. 0, the 12. A 13. The, the 14. the 15. 0, 0 16. 0, the 17. 0, a, an, a, the 18. the, the, a, the 19. the, the, the, the, the, the 20. a, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0/a Key to 9B 1.a 2. the 3. a 4. a 5. a 6. an 7. the 8. the 9. a 10. the 11. 12.the 13. a 14. the 16. 0 17. the 18. a 19. a 20. a/the 21. an 22.the 23. a 24. 0 25. an 26. the 27. the 28. the 29. the 30. a 31. the 32. the 33. a 34. a 35. the 36. the 37. the 38. the 39. an 40. 0 41. 0 42. 0 43. a 44. a 45. the 46. 0 47. the 48. a 49. the 50. the 51. the Key to 9C https://www.doczj.com/doc/6a6656432.html,ke Michigan 3. The Straits of Gibraltar 5. The National Gallery 6.the World Cup 7. Christmas 8. The Olympic Games 9. NATO 10. the BBC 11. Newsweek 12. The Times 13. Whitehall 14. the Finance Ministry 15. Parliament 16. the Senate 17. a John Spence 18. Jones and Smith 19. The Watermans 20. The White House 21. university 22. church 23. table 24. the university 25. the hospital 26. prison 27. The train 28. The hovercraft, the boat 29. hovercraft 30. a taxi 31. school 32. a bus 33. the ferry 34. a cinema 35. The film 36. the Pope 37. a world 38. Language 39. experience 40. law Key to 9D I 1.the 2. a 3. the 4. a 5. his 6. the 7. my 8. a 9. the 10. the 11. the 12. 0 13. a 14. a 15. Sam’s 16. the 17. A 18. the 19. The 20. His 21. the 22. her 23. your II 1.a 2. the 3. another 4. an 5. the 6. a 7. an 8. a 9. an 10. 0 11. 0 12. a 13. the 14. the 15. Each 16. a 17. the 18. the 19. a 20. other 21. the 22. another 23. the 24. a 25. the 26. the Key to 9E 1.on the spot 2. from top to bottom 3. on hand 4. at the front 5. in a fashion 6. taken a fancy to 7. in case of 8. took the fancy of 9. in trouble, lend a hand 10. went by the boat 11. within reach of 12. on top of 13. In the case of 14. in the shade 15. at a loss 16. in possession of 17. in the possession of 18. under cover 19. burning the midnight oil 20. at short notice
导论 ——语法层次 Free Morpheme 屈折词缀Inflectional Affix Bound Morpheme 前缀Prefix 派生词缀Derivational Affix 后缀Suffix 简单词Simple Word 构成（构词法）派生词Derivative 复合词Compound Word 封闭词类：所有功能词Function Word （介代连助限定词）类别（语法功能）半闭半开：基数词序数词感叹词 开放词类：名词Noun形容词Adjective副词主动词Verb Noun Phrase：（限定词）+（置修饰语)+名词+(后置修饰语) 简单动词词组Simple Phrase 主动词为中心词 Verb Phrase 复杂动词词组Complex phrase 限定动词词组Finite Verb Phrase 按照动词形式 非限定词词组Non-finite Verb Phrase Adjective Phrase：（修饰语）+形容词+（后置修饰语/补足成分） Adverb Phrase：（修饰语）+副词+（后置修饰语） Prepositional Phrase：（修饰语）+介词+不足成分 主句Main Clause 从句Subordinate Claus 限定分句Finite Clause 功能无动词分句Verbless Clause 非限定分句Non-finite Clause：不定式-ing分词-ed分词 简单句Simple Sentence 形式并列句Compound Sentence 复杂句Complex Sentence 并列复杂句Compound-complex Sentence 陈述句Declarative Sentence 疑问句Question 功能感叹句Exclamatory Sentence 祈使句Imperative Sentence
新编英语语法教程第15讲练习参考答案 Ex. 15A 1. will just be coming out 2. will be, will be wondering 3. will come 4. will be doing, will be working 5. will get, will still be, will be going, will ask 6. will be melting, will be 7. won’t start, will give 8. will tell 9. will be reading, will be ringing 10. will be cooking, will ring 11. am going to shampoo 12. is going to bake, will soon get 13. will see 14. am going to have 15. am going to bottle 16. Are you going to paint, am going to take 17. am going to ring 18. am going to start, Are you going to do, is going to help 19. will start, will get, will bake 20. am going to make, will burn
21. is arriving, Is he spending, is he catching, is spending, is giving, is attending 22. am going to dye, Are you going to do, are you going to have, am going to have 23. is going to rain 24. Are you doing, are coming, am going to show, Are you taking, am going to take 25. am going to send, am seeing 26. am moving, Are you going to have, am going to paint 27. am going to buy, is going to be 28. are you going to do, Are you going to sell, am going to learn, am having 29. am getting, are starting, is coming 30. is going, is having, is looking, is coming 31. will have finished, will be starting 32. will have planted 33. will have done, will be relaxing 34. will have done, will soon be leaving 35. will be trying, will have sent 36. will be living, will have spent 37. will be giving, will have given 38. will be coming, will have picked
新编英语语法教程第01讲练习参考答案 Ex. 1A 1. A. his home work B. quickly, to play 2. A. The huge black horse才 B. the race 3. A. have thought about B. going into space 4. A. warms up and crawls B. out of the bag 5. A. one of the most beautiful planets to look at through a telescope B. because of the many rings that surround it 6. A. 165 years B. to complete its path, or orbit,around the sun 7. A. you and your brother B. How many pairs of shorts 8. A. the most expensive meal listed on the menu B. What 9. A. an “Outdoor Code” B. their members 10. A. can blow B. as fast as 180 miles (290 kilometers) an hour 11. A. The spiral of heated air and moist air B. to twist and grow and spin 12. A. The direction a hurricane’s spiral m oves B. counterclockwise 13. A. does not shine B. At the north pole: for half of the year 14. A. The cold winds that blow off of the Arctic Ocean B. a very cold place 15. A. might have been B. guilty of murder Ex. 1B 1. SVC Within the stricken area, not a single soul remained alive, and the city centre looked as if it had been razed by monster steam-roller. 2. SV The bomb exploded 1,000 ft. above the groun. 3. SVO On August 6, 1945, an American aircraft dropped a bomb on the Janpanese town of Hiroshima. 4. SvoO Three days later, yet another bomb of the same kind gave the town of Nagasaki the same fatal blow. 5. SVOC
新编英语语法教程第六版练习参考答案 集团文件发布号：（9816-UATWW-MWUB-WUNN-INNUL-DQQTY-
新编英语语法教程（第六版）第03讲练习参考答案 Ex. 3A 1.Naturally, I will have to… 2.Frankly, I was… 3.Clearly, there has been… 4.Fortunately, Roberts returned the cheque. 5.Oddly enough, he did not… 6.Not unreasonably, he protested… 7.Interestingly, he never knew that he… 8.Hopefully, the two sides may… 9.Quite obviously, he does not want to… 10.Strangely enough, the burglar had not taken… 11.Sure enough, a solution will be… 12.Rightly, the Chinese people protested… 13.Even more important, we ought to put… 14.Surely, I have met before. 15.To our regret, he refused our invitation. 16.Luckily, someone managed to find me. 17.You telephoned the hospital first, quite rightly. 18.Foolishly, the girl did not ask your name. 19.Understandably, her appointment had not been confirmed. 20.Curiously, the dog never barked.
新编英语语法教程答案第01讲练习参考答案 Ex. 1A 1. A. his home work B. quickly, to play 2. A. The huge black horse B. the race 3. A. have thought about B. going into space 4. A. warms up and crawls B. out of the bag 5. A. one of the most beautiful planets to look at through a telescope B. because of the many rings that surround it 6. A. 165 years B. to complete its path, or orbit,around the sun 7. A. you and your brother B. How many pairs of shorts 8. A. the most expensive meal listed on the menu B. What 9. A. an “Outdoor Code” B. their members 10. A. can blow B. as fast as 180 miles (290 kilometers) an hour 11. A. The spiral of heated air and moist air B. to twist and grow and spin
12. A. The direction a hu rricane’s spiral moves B. counterclockwise 13. A. does not shine B. At the north pole: for half of the year 14. A. The cold winds that blow off of the Arctic Ocean B. a very cold place 15. A. might have been B. guilty of murder Ex. 1B 1. SVC Within the stricken area, not a single soul remained alive, and the city centre looked as if it had been razed by monster steam-roller. 2. SV The bomb exploded 1,000 ft. above the groun. 3. SVO On August 6, 1945, an American aircraft dropped a bomb on the Janpanese town of Hiroshima. 4. SvoO Three days later, yet another bomb of the same kind gave the town of Nagasaki the same fatal blow. 5. SVOC The explosion made one and a half square miles of the city an expense of reddish rubble. 6. SV A Within the fraction of a second, the bomb changed from a metal cylinder into an immense mass of enpanding gas, millions of degrees hot. 7. SVOA A tremendous blast of hot air whirled the debris of stone, cencrete, metal, and wood over the ground. Ex. 1C 1. Walden Pond, once praised by Thoreau for its natural beauty, is now the site of many tourist stands. 2. Almost every summer night the cooling northeast wind swept through our bedroom windows, marking air conditioning unnecessary and a light blanket welcome. / Swepping through our bedroom windows almost every summer night, the cooling northeast wind made… 3. The steep surrounding slopes were capped with snow, which fed two streams plunging down to join in the valley below. 4. With the river on one side and a large tree providing shade, this is a good spot for a picnic, and we can spread our blanket on the grassy knoll. 5. Panting for breath after running up the stairs, Mr wood stood at his neighbour’s d oor and knocked again and again till someone opened it. 6. The town folk envied horace, who had come into a small fortune with which he bought a big house and obtained a partnership in the biggest grocery in town. 7. Standing in front of the mirror, Jim looked at his image, wondering at the big change that