Unit 4Earthquakes
单元规则
本单元的话题是“地震基础知识(basic knowledge about earthquakes)”和“遇到灾难时如何自救以及帮助别人(how to protect oneself and help others in disasters)”。具体涉及地震的成因、预兆、地震造成的损失、地震时的应急救生以及震后的救援等内容。语言知识和语言技能等各项语言活动都是围绕这些话题展开的。
为了围绕话题开展听、说、读、写活动，本单元安排了八个部分：“热身(Warming Up)”“读前(Pre-reading)”“阅读(Reading)”“理解(Comprehending)”“语言学习(Learning about Language)”“语言运用(Using Language)”“小结(Summing Up)”和“学习建议(Learning Tip)”。
“热身(Warming Up)”部分通过两张图片引出话题“一旦大地震发生，将会造成怎样的危害？”，为本单元的主题作了“热身活动”。
“读前(Pre-reading)”部分设置了两个开放性的问题，要求学生描述、讨论与地震有关的话题。目的是增加学生的生活常识，提高他们的应变能力。这部分为接下来的阅读作了很好的铺垫。学生可通过讨论，参阅有关地震的书籍，并运用一些生活常识来回答这两个问题。
“阅读(Reading)”部分是一篇新闻报道，详细介绍了1976年唐山大地震前的预兆、地震造成的城市建筑和人畜损失以及震后人们勇敢面对现实并及时实施抢救和重建工作的情况。文中关于地震的词汇较多，教师可在课前布置学生查找新唐山的中英文资料和与地震相关的词汇；文中还提及了很多孩子失去双亲成为孤儿，矿工在地震中的遭遇，救护人员和解放军官兵不顾自身安危奋力抢险的事迹，灾难无情人有情，感人至深。教师可将这些作为素材，设计多种任务，展开课堂教学活动。另外文中还出现了大量的定语从句，这对学生的语言阅读能力提出了更高的要求。在阅读教学中教师还可指导学生通过各种渠道如报纸、杂志、图书馆和网络等资源查找有关唐山的资料，使学生进一步了解唐山大地震和如今的唐山，形成对比和强烈的震撼，从而更好地了解学习唐山人民勇敢面对自然灾害，积极进行灾后重建的精神。最后，通过对文章的学习，了解新闻的特点，为后面的写作作准备。重点词汇和语法的学习可结合文章进行，并配以适当的练习。
“理解（Comprehending）”部分包括五个练习：练习1要求连接句子的正确部分；练习2要求列出唐山地震中发生的事情和时间；练习3要求写出文章的段落大意，并概括文章大意；练习4要求学生用自己的话解释文章标题；练习5要求学生就课文某一段落作采访活动。主要目的是为了帮助学生更好地理解“阅读(Reading)”部分的文章，尤其是练习3更突出了培养学生整体把握文章的能力。
“语言学习(Learning about Language)”部分涉及本单元的重点词汇和主要语法项目。词汇部分设计了4个练习：练习1是从阅读材料中为下面的每一项释义找到正确的单词或短语；练习2要求学生从阅读文章中找出尽量多的单词来分类描绘地震；练习3是用课文中的一些单词完成段落；练习4要求完成句子，考查as if的用法。这部分的目的是要求学生在整体把握文章的基础上，掌握重点词汇的词义及使用，注重培养学生运用上下文猜测词义的能力。语法项目是定语从句，设计了三个练习：练习1要求找出阅读文章中带定语从句的句子；练习2要求用that, which, who和whose填空完成句子、翻译成汉语并作比较；练习3要求通过游戏的形式造句并用定语从句扩展这些句子。该部分主要通过阅读和句型练习帮助学生学习由that, which, who和whose引导的定语从句，培养学生自主学习的能力。
“语言运用(Using Language)”部分分“读和说(Reading and speaking)”、“听力(Listening)”和“读和写作(Reading and writing)”三个步骤：“读和说(Reading and speaking)”训练提供了一封邀请函，要求学生阅读后写一篇在地震纪念公园落成仪式上的演讲稿，接着观察新唐山纪念邮票然后以小组的形式讨论地震后城市重建的问题，主要培养学生在实际生活中运用英语
的能力。在随后的“听力”(Listening)部分里，一位美国人以第一人称讲述了他在1906年旧金山大地震中的可怕经历，要求学生根据听力材料进行正误判断和回答问题，旨在培养学生学会获取听力材料中的细节要点的能力，并通过听来模仿标准的语音和语调，同时让学生了解人们在自然灾害中的经历和感受。“读和写(Reading and writing)”部分要求学生先阅读一篇新闻故事，然后为报纸写一篇新闻报道，描写家乡的一件不同寻常的事件，旨在培养学生按照规范的步骤进行写作，如选择适当的标题、组织语言、清晰地表达等，学会拟定写作提纲。
“小结(Summing Up)”部分帮助学生整理、巩固本单元所学到的知识，其中包括学到的关于地震的知识、有用的动词、名词、表达方式和新的语法项目。一个单元学完后，鼓励学生进行一番归纳和总结是非常有用的，这样可以起到事半功倍的效果。
“学习建议(Learning Tip)”部分要求学生重视听的技能的训练，并就听英语方面给出了一些建议，建议学生多听广播或多看电视里的英语节目。多听不仅能够提高听力水平，还能够帮助学生改善语音、语调，从而提高说的能力。因此，听不仅是吸收信息的重要渠道，也是学好英语的重要手段之一。教师可鼓励学生常听英文广播或电视节目，以扩大视野和增加英语的词汇量。
知识目标：
本单元需要学习的重点单词为：shake well (n. )rise crack smelly pond pipe burst canal steam dirt ruin injure destroy brick dam useless steel shock quake rescue electricity disaster army organize bury coal mine shelter freshpercent speech judge honor prepare Europe
本单元需要学习的重点词组为：right away at an end lie in ruins be trapped under sth.
a (great)number of put up give out wake sb. up thousands of dig outprepare sb. for sth. think little of sb. /sth.
本单元需要学习的重点句型为：
1. But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, went to bed as usual that night. (the Attributive Clause)
2. It seemed that the world was at an end! (It seems/seemed that. . . )
3. Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves. (Simile)
4. The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. (those who. . . )
5. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. (the Attributive Clause)
6. Never before in history has a city been so completely destroyed. (Inversion)
7. Man himself had to make ruins of some of the city’s best buildings so that they would not be a danger to those in the streets. (so that. . . )
8. A list of buildings not destroyed was now only a few addresses. (the past participle used as attribute)
9. Amazing as it may seem, Wednesday night was a quiet night. (predicative/adverbial+as. . . )
10. Never in all San Francisco’s history were her people so kind as on that terrible night. (Inversion)
本单元需要掌握的功能用语为：叙述过去的经历(Talking about past experiences)
Strange things were happening in the countryside in Northeast Hebei. For three days the water. . . At about 3:00 am on July 28, 1976, people saw. . . At 3:42 am everything began to shake.
本单元需要掌握的语法为：定语从句（I ）（由that, which, who, whose引导的定语从
句）
A huge crack that was eight kilometers long and thirty meters wide cut across houses, roads and canals.
The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400 000.
It was heard in Beijing, which is one hundred kilometers away.
Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.
能力目标：
1. 能运用所学语言知识描述地震前兆、危害及震后援救。
2. 根据已知信息推测将要听取的材料的内容。
3. 提高阅读技能和用英语进行思维、推理、判断的能力。
4. 掌握演讲稿的格式及新闻报道的写作步骤和要点。
情感目标：
1. 使学生对灾难有正确的认识，用积极的态度去面对它。
2. 学习唐山人民勇敢面对自然灾害，积极进行灾后重建的精神。
3. 在教学活动中培养学生的合作精神和互助精神。
课时安排
Natural disasters occur throughout the world, and China has a particular problem with earthquakes. This unit keeps a positive tone or outlook. It can make students not only understand the dangers people face in a quake, but also realize that there are things that can be done to minimize the damage caused by quakes. It includes exercises and tasks that enable students to think about how to avoid quakes, or at least some of the damage they can cause. This unit also lets them role-play community work that deals with disaster relief. Thus, based on the theme, contents and teaching objectives, the whole teaching procedures can fall into seven periods as follows: Period 1:Warming up and Reading
Period 2:Important language points
Period 3:Grammar:the Attributive Clause (I)
Period 4:Listening
Period 5:Using language
Period 6:Reading task and Speaking task
Period 7:Revision (Summing up, Learning tip and Project)
Period 1Warming up and Reading
整体设计
从容说课
This is the first teaching period of this unit. At the beginning of the class, the teacher can lead in the topic of the unit by showing students some pictures of natural disasters and talking about them.
As to Warming Up, the teacher had better ask students to describe the two photos on Page 25. In a sense, the photos show two cities famous for their earthquakes during a period of calm. Students must imagine what an earthquake could do to the buildings, roads and bridges they see in the photos. When students try to express their ideas, they will probably have difficulty. This activity provides them with the chance to learn how to do this. It is also a good opportunity for the teacher to teach them the new words and phrases for the unit, such as cracks, cut across houses, roads and canals, fall down, lie in ruins and destroy.
Before reading the passage A Night the Earth Didn’t Sleep, the students should discuss the two questions in the part Pre-reading. For the first question, students must consider what is of most value to them materially. Perhaps the things students would take are expensive, or perhaps the things would have symbolic value. Would they take their camera or a photo album? Would they take their diary or a favorite sweater? The choices the students make and the reasons they give for making those choices should reveal something about them as people. The second question asks students to make guesses about what happens before an earthquake. Of course, the reading will describe to them what actually happened as the result of one terrible earthquake. So this question must precede the reading. Encourage students to think freely about the question and think of a reason why such and such might happen. This part prepares students for the reading passage.
The reading passage titled A Night the Earth Didn’t Sleep recounts the terrible earthquake that nearly destroyed the city of Tangshan in Hebei Province in 1976. The earthquake caused a greater loss of life than any other in the last century. The teacher can ask the students first to read quickly to get the main idea or topic sentence of each paragraph, then read carefully to locate particular information for exercises in the part Comprehending or some other exercises, and finally have a discussion of style in order to understand the passage better. During the course of reading teaching, the teacher can not only develop students’ reading ability, including skimming, scanning and other reading skills, but also get the students to learn about basic knowledge about earthquakes and learn from the bravery of the people in Tangshan to face the reality and rebuild the city. Because there are too many new words in the reading passage, in order not to let students feel much difficult, the teacher should deal with any language problems while they are reading.
To consolidate the contents of the reading passage, the students should be required to retell the passage in their own words at the end of the class. In order to arouse the students’ interest, the teacher can hold a competition between groups.
教学重点
1. Get the students to know basic knowledge about natural disasters.
2. Get the students to learn about Tangshan Earthquake.
3. Get the students to learn different reading skills.
教学难点
Develop the students’ reading ability.
教学方法
1. Task-based teaching and learning
2. Cooperative learning
3. Discussion
教具准备
The multimedia and other normal teaching tools
三维目标
Knowledge aims:
1. Get the students to learn the following useful new words and expressions in this passage:shake well (n. )rise crack smelly pond pipe burst canal steam dirtruin injure destroy brick dam useless steel shock quake rescue electricitydisaster army organize bury coal mine shelter fresh right away at an end lie in ruins be trapped under sth. a (great)number of
2. Get the students to know basic knowledge about natural disasters.
Ability aims:
1. Develop the students reading ability and let them learn different reading skills.
2. Train the students’ ability to collect useful information from the Internet by themselves.
Emotional aim:
1. Get the students know damages earthquakes bring about and the ways to reduce losses of earthquakes.
2. Get the students to know how to protect oneself and help others in earthquakes.
3. Get the students to be aware of terrible disasters, meanwhile get them to face it, treat it in a proper way, and never get discouraged.
教学过程
设计方案（一）
→Step 1 Lead-in
Show the students some pictures about natural disasters and ask them:
1. Have you ever experienced any natural disaster? Look at the pictures. Can you name all the disasters?
(volcano, fire, typhoon, flood, sandstorm, hailstone, thunderstorm, hurricane, earthquake)
2. Have you ever experienced an earthquake? Can you describe how terrible an earthquake is?
地震的破坏
(The earth is shaking; all the buildings will fall down; the roads will be destroyed; many people will be killed or injured; a lot of children will become orphans. . . )
→Step 2 Warming up
Turn to Page 25. Ask the students to read and look at the photos of Tangshan and San
Francisco to describe what they see in the two photos to a partner.
(beautiful cities; broad roads; tall building; large population. . . )
Imagine there has been a big earthquake in these two cities, what might happen to all the things in the photos?
(If a big earthquake happened, the whole cities might be in ruins. Large quantities of tall buildings might collapse. The broad and busy roads might be destroyed. Many people might be killed or injured. . . )
→Step 3 Pre-reading
1. Imaging and sharing
Imagine there is an earthquake now. Your home begins to shake and you must leave it right away. You have time to take only one thing. What will you take? Is it money, water, fruits, mobile phones, a torch light, or anything else? Why?
2. Talking and sharing
What do you think may happen before an earthquake? Talk about the pictures on Page 25.
(Cows, pigs and dogs become too nervous to eat. Mice run out of the fields looking for places to hide. Fish jump out of ponds. The water in the well will rise and fall. The well walls will have deep cracks in them. There will be bright light in the sky. . . )
→Step 4 Reading
Tell the students:Today, we are going to read a news report about the strongest earthquake in China’s history, which happened in Tangshan, Hebei, in 1976.
1. Fast reading
Ask the students to read the passage quickly and pay attention to the first sentence of each paragraph.
1)Answer the questions.
Question 1:In what order was the passage written?
Question 2:What is the general idea of the passage?
(The text is written in time order. The general idea is the mixture of the first sentences of each paragraph, that is, the text tells us something that happened before the earthquake, during the earthquake and after the earthquake. )
2)Fill in the table.
Type of writing
Topic sentence of Paragraph 1
Topic sentence of Paragraph 2
Topic sentence of Paragraph 3
Topic sentence of Paragraph 4
General idea of the passage
Suggested answers:
Type of writing This is a news report.
Topic sentence of Paragraph 1 Strange things were happening in the countryside in
northeast Hebei.
Topic sentence of Paragraph 2 Everything began to shake and it seemed that the world
was at an end.
Topic sentence of Paragraph 3 Everywhere they looked nearly everything was
destroyed.
Topic sentence of Paragraph 4 All hope was not lost.
General idea of the passage The passage tells us something that happened before
the earthquake, during the earthquake and after the
earthquake.
3)True or False?
Ask the students to decide whether the following statements are true or false. If it is false, try to correct it.
(1)People in Tangshan were warned of the earthquake and didn’t go to bed that night.
(2)People in Beijing also felt the earthquake.
(3)More than 400 000 people were killed in the quake.
(4)Many rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins during the aftershock.
(5)People tried to get fresh water from under the ground in Tangshan.
Suggested answers:
(1)F People in Tangshan thought little of the signs of the earthquake and went to bed as usual that night.
(2)T
(3)F More than 400 000 people were killed or injured in the quake.
(4)T
(5)F Fresh water was taken to the city Tangshan by train, truck and plane.
2. Reading carefully
Ask the students to read the passage carefully to locate particular information.
1)Do the exercises in the part Comprehending on Page 27.
2)Fill in the following form.
Time What happened Result
Before the earthquake: three days before the earthquake at about 3 am on July 28
Wells:
Animals:
Lights and sound:
Water pipes:
People of the city
thought______________
and______________
While the earthquake: At 3:42 am Later that afternoon
Houses, roads and canals:
Hard hills of rock:
The large city:
The people:
Some rescue workers and
doctors:
More buildings:
Water, food and electricity:
______________ was
destroyed.______________
hospitals, 75% of______________
and 90% of______________ were
gone. More than______________
were killed or injured.
After the earthquake All hope:
The army:
Workers:
Fresh water:
The city______________.
3)Choose the best answer:
(1)What is the mood of this passage?
A. Sad.
B. Serious.
C. Serious and a bit sad.
D. Calm.
(2)What can be inferred from the passage?
A. If mice run out of the fields looking for places to hide, there must be an earthquake.
B. If some natural signs had not been ignored, all the people in Tangshan city might have had a chance to survive.
C. There wouldn’t have been such a great earthquake, if people had paid enough attention to some natural signs.
D. If some natural signs had not been ignored, more people might have had a chance to survive.
(3)Which of the following statements can not be part of the main reasons for the heavy loss of life in Tangshan earthquake?
A. The earthquake happened in the deep night and people were sleeping in bed at the very movement.
B. There weren’t enough rescue workers.
C. The buildings were poorly constructed and most of them were destroyed in the earthquake.
D. People were not careful enough to notice some natural signs before the earthquake.
(4)How do you understand the real meaning of the idiom “It is always calm before a storm”?
A. It is unusually quiet before a thunderstorm or hurricane hit.
B. One should not trust situations that seem peaceful since bad things may happen.
C. The weather is fine before a storm comes.
D. You should stay calm before a storm.
Suggested answers:
(1)C(2)D(3)B(4)B
3. Language problems
While checking the answers with the whole class, deal with any language problems that the students can’t understand.
4. Reading aloud
Play the tape of the passage for the students to listen and follow. Then play the tape of Paragraph 1 of the passage once more; this time the students listen and repeat.
→Step 4 Game
Work in pairs. Suppose you are a newspaper reporter, and the other is a witness of the 1976 Tangshan Earthquake. Now the newspaper reporter is interviewing the witness.
→Step 5 Extension
Show the questions on the screen and have a discussion.
1. From whose point of view are events described? How do you know?
2. What is the mood of this passage? How is it created?
3. Why do you think the writer chooses to express his feelings about the quake rather than simply report what had happened?
4. Why does the writer use A NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN’T SLEEP as the title?
5. What does the sentence “Slowly, the city began to breathe again” mea n?
Suggested answers:
1. A writer’s who didn’t see the earthquake. He uses the third-person to describe the quake. His description is very objective. For example, in the second sentence of the third paragraph “Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed. ”, the writer uses “they” instead of “we”.
2. The mood is serious and a bit sad. It is created by giving details of how many people and animals were killed or injured and how many buildings were destroyed.
3. Although the writer was not there, he felt sad for the people of Tangshan. He knows that giving some personal feelings will make the reading more interesting.
4. I think the reason is that, as usual, night is the time to sleep, and night should be safe and quiet. But that night everything cha nged. The writer uses A NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN’T SLEEP as a title to show how terrible and how unusual that night was.
5. Here we can see that the writer compared the city to a person who suffered a lot in the
disaster. He felt her pain, and he worried about her. So when he said that people came to help her, we can feel his feelings to her. The city will not die, she has hope and she can recover from the pain.
→Step 6 Consolidation
Ask the students to read the passage again and try to retell it.
One possible version:
Strange things happened in Tangshan. For three days the water in the village wells rose and fell. The well walls had deep cracks and a smelly gas came out the cracks. The chickens, pigs and mice were too nervous. Fish jumped out of bowls and ponds. At 3:00 am on July, 1976, people saw bright lights in the sky and heard the sound of planes even when no planes were in the sky. The water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.
At 3:42 am everything began to shake. It seemed that the world was at the end! One-third of the nation felt it. A huge crack cut across the city. In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins. Two-thirds of the people died or were injured. Nearly everything was destroyed in the city. 75% of its factories and 90% of its homes were gone. Then later that afternoon, another big earthquake shook Tangshan. People began to wonder how long the disaster would last.
All hope was not lost. The army sent 150 000 soldiers to help them. Workers built shelters for survivors. Slowly, the city began to breathe again.
→Step 7 Homework
1. Learn the new words and expressions in this part by heart.
2. Read the text again and again and write a summary of the text.
设计方案（二）
→Step 1 Lead-in
Show the students some pictures about natural disasters and ask them:
1. Have you ever experienced any natural disasters? Look at the pictures. Can you name all the disasters?
2. Have you ever experienced an earthquake? Can you describe how terrible an earthquake is?
→Step 2 Warming up
Discuss the photos of Tangshan and San Francisco on Page 25 and imagine if there has been a big earthquake in these two cities, what might happen to all the things in the photos.
→Step 3 Pre-reading
1. Imaging and sharing
Imagine your home begins to shake and you must leave it right away. You have time to take only one thing. What will you take? Why?
2. Talking and sharing
What do you think may happen before an earthquake? Talk about the pictures on Page 25.
→Step 4 Reading
1. Fast reading
Ask the students to read the passage quickly.
1)Answer some questions.
2)Find out the topic sentences of each paragraph and get the general idea of the passage.
3)Do some true or false exercises.
2. Careful reading
Ask the students to read the passage carefully to locate particular information.
1)Do the exercises in the part Comprehending on Page 27.
2)Do some multiple choices.
3. Language problems
While checking the answers with the whole class, deal with any language problems that the students can’t understand.
4. Reading aloud
Play the tape of the passage for the students to listen to and follow. Then play the tape of Paragraph 1 of the passage once more; this time the students listen and repeat.
→Step 5 Game
Work in pairs. Suppose you are a newspaper reporter, and the other is a witness of the 1976 Tangshan Earthquake. Now the newspaper reporter is interviewing the witness.
→Step 6 Extension
Show some questions on the screen and have a discussion about writing style.
→Step 7 Consolidation
Ask the students to read the passage again and try to retell it.
→Step 8 Homework
1. Learn the new words and expressions in this part by heart.
2. Read the text again and again and write a summary of the text.
板书设计
Unit 4Earthquakes
A NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN’T SLEEP
Type of writing This is a news report.
Topic sentence of Paragraph 1 Strange things were happening in the countryside in
northeast Hebei.
Topic sentence of Paragraph 2 Everything began to shake and it seemed that the world
was at an end.
Topic sentence of Paragraph 3 Everywhere they looked nearly everything was
destroyed.
Topic sentence of Paragraph 4 All hope was not lost.
General idea of the passage The passage tells us something that happened before
the earthquake, during the earthquake and after the
earthquake.
活动与探究
Story-telling competition
1. Divide the class into groups of four. Each student should look for some unusual things that happened in the Tangshan earthquake. They can go to the library or surf in the Internet to search for useful information.
2. Work in groups and tell the stud ents’ own story to other members of the same group. Then each group should choose the most unusual story in the group.
3. Choose one representative of each group who will tell the most unusual story to the whole class.
4. The teacher acts as the judge and choose the best story and the best story-taller.
5. The teacher gives the group that has the best story and the best storyteller a prize.
高中语文必修一第二单元测试题 一、选择题。（每题4分，共36分） 1．下列词语中加点的字的读音全都正确的一组是（ ） A ．泛．fàn 南 阙．quē秦． 杯杓zhuó 缒．chuí下 B ．淬．cuì火 箕踞．jù 参乘．chéng 飨． xi ǎng 士卒 C ．目眩．xuàn 拊．fǔ心． 目眦．zì 被八创． chuāng D. 瞋．c hēn g 目 忤．w ǔ视 鲰．zōu 生 彘zhì．．．肩 2．下列语句中没有通假字的一项是( ) A ．失其所与，不知 夫晋，何厌之有 B ．秦伯说，与郑人盟 旦日不可不蚤自来谢项王 C ．以其无礼于晋，且贰于楚也 料大王士卒足以当项王乎 D ．今日往而不反者，竖子也 愿伯具言臣之不敢倍德也 3．下列句中划线词语古今意义相近的一项是( ) A ．备他盗之出入与非常．．也 行李．．之往来 B ．为之奈何．． 人不敢．．与忤视 C ．樊将军以穷困．．来归丹 若舍郑以为东道主．．． D ．微夫人．．之力不及此 而伤长者．．之意 4.下列各句中的“之”字用法分类正确的一项是（ ） ①项伯乃夜驰之沛公军，私见张良 ②所以遣将守关者，备他盗之出入与非常也 ③因击沛公于坐，杀之 ④愿伯具言臣之不敢倍德也 ⑤臣请入，与之同命 ⑥今者有小人之言，令将军与臣有却 ⑦沛公之参乘樊哙者也 ⑧闻大王有意督过之 A ．①⑧/②④/③/⑤⑥⑦ B.①/②④⑥/③⑤⑧/⑦ C ．①/②④/③⑤⑧/⑥⑦ D.①⑧/②⑥/④⑦/③⑤ 5．下列句子中“其”字的用法不同于其他三句的是( ) A ．以其无礼于晋 B ．太子迟之，疑其有改悔 C ．其意常在沛公也 D ．吾其还也 6.下列句子在文中的意思正确的一项是（ ） A ．晋军函陵。——晋国的军队在函陵。 B ．臣之壮也，犹不如人。——我壮年的时候，尚且赶不上别人。 C ．持千金之资币物 ——拿着价值千金的货币和物品 D ．夫晋，何厌之有？——晋国，有什么讨厌的呢？ 7．对下列文言句式的说明，不准确的一项是( ) A ．竖子不足与谋(省略句，即“竖子不足与之谋”) B ．大王来何操(谓语后置，即“大王来操何”) C ．吾属今为之虏矣(被动句，“为……”表被动) D ．将军战河北(介宾后置，即“将军（于）河北战”) 8.明知“鸿门宴”杀机四伏，不是一次真正的宴会，善于应变的刘邦为何还要“赴宴”呢？选出分析不正确的一项（???? ） A ．从宴前形势看，项强刘弱，刘邦必须“赴宴”。 B ．仗着和项伯有“婚姻”关系，项王讲感情，不会杀刘邦。 C ．项王一向自高自大，刘邦会见机行事，投项王之所好，以满足其虚荣心，躲过这一关。 D ．不去“谢项王”，会立即遭受全军覆灭之灾。 9．下列文学常识和文化常识的表述，正确的一项是( ) A ．《史记》是我国第一部编年体通史，作者司马迁。鲁迅称其为“史家之绝唱，无韵之离骚”。 B ．《左传》是我国第一部纪传体史书，是为《春秋》作注解的，其它两部为《公羊传》《谷梁传》，所以又称为《春秋左氏传》或《左氏春秋》。 C ．《战国策》是国别体史书，它的作者是西汉的刘向，《烛之武退秦师》就选自此书。 D ．宴席的四面座位，以东向最尊，次为南向，再次为北向，西向侍坐。《鸿门宴》中“项王、项伯东向坐”，是最上位，范增南向坐，是第二位，再次是刘邦北向座，张良则为侍坐。从座次可看出双方力量的悬殊与项羽的自高自大。 二、阅读鉴赏 (一)阅读下面的古诗，完成1～2题。（8分） 题乌江亭 夏日绝句 杜牧 李清照 胜败兵家事不期，包羞忍耻是男儿。 生当作人杰，死亦为鬼雄。 江东子弟多才俊，卷土重来未可知。 至今思项羽，不肯过江东。 10．下列对诗句解释有误的一项是( ) A ．“胜败兵家事不期”，“事不期”是说胜败之事，不能预料。 B ．“包羞忍耻是男儿”，是说项羽遭挫折不灰心，是真正男儿。 C ．“卷土重来未可知”，是说如若重整旗鼓，是大有可为的。 D ．“生当作人杰，死亦为鬼雄”，是说人要有骨气，不管是活着还是死去，都要顶天立地。 11．对两首诗的鉴赏，表述不当的一项是( ) A ．杜牧诗议论不落传统说法的窠臼，对项羽的自刎持否定态度。 B ．杜牧诗议论不落传统说法的窠臼，对项羽的自刎持肯定态度。 C ．李清照诗充分肯定项羽的英雄气节，赞扬项羽的高风亮节。 D ．李清照诗与杜牧诗，对项羽的看法是迥然不同的，都从不同侧面反映了作者的态度。 (二)阅读下文，回答问题。（20分） 烛之武退秦师
必修4 Unit 1 A STUDENT OF AFRICAN WILDLIFE It is 5:45 am and the sun is just rising over Gombe National Park in East Africa. Following Jane's way of studying chimps, our group are all going to visit them in the forest. Jane has studied these families of chimps for many years and helped people understand how much they behave like humans. Watching a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day. This means going back to the place where we left the family sleeping in a tree the night before. Everybody sits and waits in the shade of the trees while the family begins to wake up and move off. Then we follow as they wander into the forest. Most of the time, chimps either feed or clean each other as a way of showing love in their family. Jane warns us that our group is going to be very tired and dirty by the afternoon and she is right. However, the evening makes it all worthwhile. We watch the mother chimp and her babies play in the tree. Then we see them go to sleep together in their nest for the night. We realize that the bond between members of a chimp family is as strong as in a human family. Nobody before Jane fully understood chimp behaviour. She spent years observing and recording their daily activities. Since her childhood she had wanted to work with animals in their own environment. However, this was not easy. When she first arrived in Gombe in 1960, it was unusual for a woman to live in the forest. Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project. Her work changed the way people think about chimps. For example, one
Unit 1Women of achievement Reading A STUDENT OF AFRICAN WILDLIFE It is 5:45 am and the sun is just rising over Gombe National Park in East Africa. Following Jane ’ s way of studying chimps, our group are all going to visit them in the forest. Jane has studied these families of chimps for many years and helped people understand how much they behave like humans. Watching a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day. This means going back to the place where we left the family sleeping in a tree the night before. Everybody sits and waits in the shade of the trees while the family beings to wake up and move off. Then we follow as they wander into the forest. Most of the time, chimps either feed or clean each other as a way of showing love in their family. Jane warns us that our group is going to be very tired and dirty by the afternoon and she is right. However, the evening makes it all worthwhile. We watch the mother chimp and her babies play in the tree. Them we see them go to sleep together in their nest for the night. We realize that the bond between members of a chimp family is as long as in a human family. Nobody before Jane fully understood chimp behaviour. She spent years observing and recording their daily activities. Since her childhood she had wanted to work with animals in their own environment. However, this was not easy. When she first arrived in Gombe in 1960, it was unusual for a woman to live in the forest. Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project. Her work changed the way people think about chimps. For example, one important thing she discovered was that chimps hunt and eat meat. Until then everyone had thought chimps ate only fruit and nuts. She actually observed chimps as a group hunting a monkey and then eating it. She also discovered how chimps communicate with each other, and her study of their body language helped her work out their social system. Four forty years Jane Goodall has been outspoken about making the rest of the world understand and respect the life of these animals.She has argued that wild animals should be left in the wild and not used for entertainment or advertisements.She has helped to set up special places where they can live safely.She is leading a busy life but she says: Once I“stop, it all comes crowding in and I remember the chimps in laboratories. It ’ s terrible.It affects me when I watch the wild chimps.I say to myself,‘ Aren ’ t theyAndluck?then I’think about small chimps in cages though they have done nothing wrong. Once you have seen that you can never forget ”? She has achieved everything she wanted to do: working with animals in their own environment, gaining a doctor ’ s degree and showing that womeniveinthecanforestl as men can. She inspires those who want to cheer the achievement of women. Using language
第一单元练习题 Ⅰ 单项填空 1. I would appreciate ________ much if you could write to me as soon as possible. A. that B. it C. this D. what 2. — Jane Goodall is a great woman. — ________. She has done so much to protect chimps everywhere. A. Good idea B. Congratulations C. I think so D. The same to you 3. The determined mother has devoted all she has to ________ her son out of trouble. A. helping B. help C. have helped D. having helped 4. China sent up two manned spaceships and they were also great scientific ________ in the world. A. campaigns B. surprises C. achievements D. discoveries 5. Considering carefully, the family ________ different choices on the question so far. A. had made B. has made C. made D. have made 6. We ________ the problem for a long time, but we didn’t reach any
高一语文必修①第二单元测试题 一.选择题 1．下列加点字的注音完全正确 ．．．． 的一项是( ) 2．下列加点字注音完全正确 ．．．． 的一项是（） A.嘉言懿．行（yì）提要钩玄．（xuán）共．其乏困（gōng）失其所与．（yǔ） B.变徵．之声（zhǐ）偏袒扼腕．（wǎn）夜缒．而出（zhuì）以药淬．之（cuì） C.相濡．以沫（rú）瞋．目怒视（chēng）遭受重创．（chuāng）切齿拊．心（fǔ） D.鲰．生说我（zōu）戮．力同心（lù）按剑而跽．（jì）不胜杯杓．（zhuó） 3.下列词语中没有错别字 ．．．．． 的一组是( ) A．驰援佚之狐明察秋毫急风劲草翼蔽沛公 B．规矩流线形何厌之有通宵达旦与臣有郤 C．催眠风萧萧寸草春辉偏袒扼腕图穷匕见 D．签订护身符屈指可数语无伦次痛于骨髓 4.下列句中加横线的词在句中的意义与现代汉语相同 ．． 的一项是（） A.行李之往来，共其乏困B．财物无所取 C.微夫人之力不及此D．沛公居山东时 5. 每组加点的词意义和用法都相同的一组是（）A.因．人之力而敝之，不仁因．左手把秦王袖，而右手持匕首揕之 B.时恐急，剑坚，故．不可立拔方急时，不及召下兵，以故．荆轲逐秦王 C.顷之未发．,太子迟之轲既取图奉之，发．图 D.阙秦以利晋，唯．君图之唯．大王命之 6.下列加点实词解释正确 ．． 的一项是：（） A.是．寡人之过也的确是，表判断唯君图．之考虑 B.今行而无信．信用，诚信既祖．，取道临行祭路神 C.尽失其度．风度，常态旦日飨．士卒犒劳 D.与之同命．生死，患难人为．刀俎作为 7.下列加点虚词解说正确 ．． 的一项（） A.无能为也已．“已”同“矣”，表疑问将焉．取之哪里，疑问代词 B.失其．所与自己的，代词以．乱易整用，介词 C.秦王购之．千金他，代指樊於期图穷而．匕首见表转折 D.楚左尹项伯者．表判断何辞为．做，办 8.下列句子属被动句式 ．．．． 的一项（） A.且君尝为晋君赐矣，许君焦瑕，朝济而夕设版焉。 B.秦之遇将军，可谓深矣。父母宗族，皆为戮没。 C.是时，侍医夏无且以其所奉药囊提轲。 D.旦日飨士卒，为击破沛公军！
The City of the Future What will the city of the future look like No one knows for sure, and making predictions is a risky business. But one thing is certain-they are going to get bigger before they get smaller. In the future, care for the environment will become very important as earth’s natural resources run out. We will use lots of recycled materials, such as plastic, aluminum, steel, glass, wood and paper, and we will waste fewer natural resources. We will also have to rely more on alternative energy, such as solar and wind power. All this seems certain, but there are plenty of things about city life in the future which are not certain. To find out what young people think about the future of urban life, a teacher at a university in Texas in the United States asked his students to think how they would run a city of 50000 people in the year 2025. Here are some of the ideas they had: Garbage ships To get rid of garbage problems, the city will load huge spaceships with waste materials and send them towards the sun, preventing landfill and environmental problems. Batman Nets Police will arrest criminals by firing nets instead of guns. Forget the malls In the future all shopping will be done online, and catalogues will have voice commands to place orders. Telephones for life Everyone will be given a telephone number at birth that will never change no matter where they live. Recreation all forms of recreation, such as cinemas, bowling, softball, concerts and others, will be provided free of charge by the city.
Book 4 Unit 5 Theme Parks . There are v arious kinds of theme parks, with a different park for almost everything: food, culture, science, c artoons, movies or history. . Some parks are famous for having the biggest or longest r oller coasters, others for showing the famous sights and sounds of a culture. . Whichever and whatever you like, there is a theme park for you! . It will bring you into a magical world and make your dreams come true, whether traveling through space, visiting a pirate ship or meeting your favourite fairy tale or Disney cartoon character. 8. As you wander around the fantasy amusement park, you may see Snow White or Mickey Mouse in a parade or on the street. 9. Of course Disneyland also has many exciting rides, from giant swinging ships to terrifying free-fall drops. 10. With all these attractions, no wonder tourism is increasing w herever there is a Disneyland. 12. Dollywood, in the beautiful Smoky Mountains in the southeastern USA, is one of the most unique theme parks in the world. Dollywood shows and celebrates America's traditional southeastern culture. Although Dollywood has rides, the park's main a ttraction is its culture. People come from all over America to see carpenters and other craftsmen make wood, glass and iron objects in the old-fashioned way. Visit the candy shop to try the same kind of candy that American southerners made 150 years ago, or take a ride on the only steam- engine train still working in the southeast USA. preserve. You can even see beautiful bald eagles in the world's largest bald eagle And for those who like rides, Dollywood has one of the best old wooden roller coasters, Thunderhead. It is world-famous for having the most length in the smallest space. Come to Dollywood to have fun learning all about America's historical southeastern culture! If you want to experience the ancient days and great deeds o f English knights and ladies, princes and queens, then England's Camelot Park is the place for you.
人教版高一语文必修一第一单元测试题（带答案） 一、(15分，每小题3分) 1.下列词语中加点字的注音全都正确的一项是( ) A.斡旋(wò) 苍穹(qióng)棕榈(lǘ) 令人咋舌(zà) B.敕造(chì) 唆使(suō)混沌(hùn) 屡见不鲜(xiān) C.梦魇(yǎn) 菁华(jīnɡ)河蚌(bànɡ) 呼天抢地(qiǎng) D.懵懂(měng) 箴言(zhēn)泊车(bǒ) 少不更事(gēng) 2.下列词语书写全都正确的一项是( ) A.囊括切蹉荟萃一堂克不容缓 B.匮乏峻工器宇轩昂不负重望 C.濒临牟取金碧辉煌严惩不贷 D.睿智草介枉废心机理屈词穷 3.依次填入下列各句横线处的词语，最恰当的一组是( ) (1)在家庭浓厚的美术氛围的下，儿子也深深地爱上了绘画。 (2)面对记者的拍照和采访，这位在华尔街工作的女士并不自己的投票决定：“我不赞同美国政府对中国实施高技术封锁的政策。” (3)过度的欲望与贪求无益于心理健康，在功名财富的追求中多存几分为好。 A.熏陶隐讳淡泊 B.熏染隐晦淡薄 C.熏陶隐晦淡薄 D.熏染隐讳淡泊 4.下列各项中，加点的成语使用不恰当的一项是( ) A.很多人都有这样的感受，外出旅游时异地的风物让人迷醉欣喜，可是一路上的旅游购物却常常使人不厌其烦，兴味索然。 B.中国汽车企业近几年纷纷推出自己研发的新能源汽车，有专家提示新能源汽车产业布局宜瞻前顾后，不可盲目发展。 C.这种文风承自周作人、董桥以来中国文人隐忍的传统，抒情而不煽情，简洁凝练的句子体现的是大方之家的功底与素养。
D.虽然教育厅领导只是走访了少数几所学校，但管中窥豹，他们对我市推行素质教育的现状还是有了比较深入的了解。 5.下列各句中，没有语病的一项是( ) A.如何在肯定草根文化的同时，不过分鼓吹偶像崇拜，而是放大草根中“励志”的因素，把社会主流价值观传递给大众，是值得娱乐媒体深思的问题。 B.当今世界自主知识产权所占比重是衡量一个国家科学发展水平的标志，而科学技术进步与否是国家富强的标志。 C.11月22日，国土部和住建部联合发布紧急通知，要求各地坚决遏制最近一些地方的违法建设、违法销售“小产权房”问题。 D.作为古希腊哲学家，他在本体论问题的论述中充满着辩证法，因此被誉为“古代世界的黑格尔”。二、(9分，每小题3分) 阅读下面的文字，完成6~8题。 农民工就业难的冷思考 面对规模庞大的农民工失业群体以及前所未见的农民工提前返乡潮，中央政府和地方各级政府纷纷出台帮助农民工就业的援助政策。这些就业援助政策对于解决农民工返乡问题产生了一定的积极作用。但是，这些着眼于短期效应的政策对于破解困扰我国农民工就业的长期难题作用并不大，一些应急性就业援助政策甚至会在长期内造成我国农民工更大的就业难题。 我国的农民工群体之所以在本次金融危机的冲击下显得如此脆弱，很重要的一点就在于农民工的工作岗位建立在我国经济增长中最不确定的外部需求之上。长期以来，以外销为导向的劳动密集型出口加工业是吸引我国农村劳动力就业的主要载体。这种就业结构，造成农民工就业高度依赖国际经济环境，特别是欧美等发达经济体。 农民工的就业稳定取决于中国经济结构的抗风险能力的有效提升。因此，要从根本上稳定农民工的就业，就必须改变我国的过度依赖外部市场需求的经济结构，转向以满足国内需求为主、市场多元化的产业发展格局。各级政府还应引导农民工向第三产业转移，以分散外部经济冲击对农民工就业可能造成的影响。 农民就业难在很大程度上是由于广大农民工的综合技能素质不高，就业面狭窄。当前，一些企业仍然存在熟练技术工人供给不足的问题，特别是一些需要较高工作技能与相对稳定人力资源供给的行业，其原因之一就是农村劳动力供给的结构性矛盾。 当前，全国各地都在积极推进农民工的技能培训，这对于提升农民工的综合业务素质、扩大农民工的就业范围发挥了非常重要的作用。但是，这只能提高农民工的基本技能，无法突破进入更高层次就业领域的限制。因此，对农民工的培训，至少还要包括两个方面的内容，一
第二单元测试 一、基础知识（30分） 1．下列加点词语读音全对的一项是( ) 2．下列语句中没有通假字的一项是( ) A．失其所与，不知夫晋，何厌之有 B．秦伯说，与郑人盟旦日不可不蚤自来谢项王 C．以其无礼于晋，且贰于楚也料大王士卒足以当项王乎 D．今日往而不反者，竖子也愿伯具言臣之不敢倍德也 3．下列词语中“济”字的意义和“朝济而夕设版焉”中的“济”相同的一项是( ) A．同舟共济B．济世安民C．赈灾济贫D．无济于事4．下列句中加点词语古今意义相近的一项是( ) A．备他盗之出入与非常 ．．之往来 ．．也行李 B．为之奈何 ．．与忤视 ．．人不敢 C．樊将军以穷困 ．．来归丹若舍郑以为东道主 ．．． D．微夫人 ．．之意 ．．之力不及此而伤长者 5．下列各句中“以”字的意义和用法与“越国以鄙远”中的“以”相同的一项是( ) A．以其无礼于晋B．焉用亡郑以陪邻 C．使工以药淬之D．料大王士卒足以当项王乎 6．对下列句中“之”字用法归类正确的一项是( ) ①臣之壮也，犹不如人②是寡人之过也③邻之厚，君之薄也 ④行李之往来，共其乏困⑤阙秦以利晋，唯君图之⑥微夫人之力不及此 A．①③④／②⑥／⑤B．①②／③⑥／④⑤ C．①④／②③⑥／⑤D．①⑤／②⑥／③④ 7．下列句子中“其”字的用法不同于其他三句的是( ) A．以其无礼于晋B．太子迟之，疑其有改悔 C．其意常在沛公也D．吾其还也 8．下列句子的翻译，错误的一项是( ) A．吾属今为之虏矣——我们很快就会被他俘虏了
B．持千金之资币物——拿着价值千金的礼物 C．乃引其匕首提秦王——于是拿起他的匕首给秦王 D．(沛公)脱身独去，已至军矣——沛公已经脱身离开，回到军营 9．对下列文言句式的说明，不准确的一项是( ) A．竖子不足与谋(省略句，即“竖子不足与之谋”) B．大王来何操(谓语后置，即“大王来操何”) C．吾属今为之虏矣(被动句，“为……”表被动) D．问征夫以前路(介宾后置，即“以前路问征夫”) 10．下列文学常识和文化常识的表述，不正确的一项是( ) A．《史记》是我国第一部编年体通史，作者司马迁。鲁迅称其为“史家之绝唱，无韵之离骚”。 B．《左传》是我国第一部纪传体史书，是为《春秋》作注解的，其它两部为《公羊传》《谷梁传》，所以又称为《春秋左氏传》或《左氏春秋》。 C．《战国策》是国别体史书，它的作者是西汉的刘向，《烛之武退秦师》就选自此书。 D．宴席的四面座位，以东向最尊，次为南向，再次为北向，西向侍坐。《鸿门宴》中“项王、项伯东向坐”，是最上位，范增南向坐，是第二位，再次是刘邦北向座，张良则为侍坐。从座次可看出双方力量的悬殊与项羽的自高自大。 二、阅读鉴赏 (一)阅读下面的古诗，完成1～2题。（6分） 题乌江亭 杜牧 胜败兵家事不期，包羞忍耻是男儿。 江东子弟多才俊，卷土重来未可知。 夏日绝句 李清照 生当作人杰，死亦为鬼雄。 至今思项羽，不肯过江东。 11．下列对诗句解释有误的一项是( ) A．“胜败兵家事不期”，“事不期”是说胜败之事，不能预料。 B．“包羞忍耻是男儿”，是说项羽遭挫折不灰心，是真正男儿。 C．“卷土重来未可知”，是说如若重整旗鼓，是大有可为的。 D．“生当作人杰，死亦为鬼雄”，是说人要有骨气，不管是活着还是死去，都要顶天立地。 12．对两首诗的鉴赏，表述不当的一项是( ) A．杜牧诗议论不落传统说法的窠臼，对项羽的自刎持否定态度。 B．杜牧诗议论不落传统说法的窠臼，对项羽的自刎持肯定态度。 C．李清照诗充分肯定项羽的英雄气节，赞扬项羽的高风亮节。 D．李清照诗与杜牧诗，对项羽的看法是迥然不同的，都从不同侧面反映了作者的态度。
1.必修四Unit1A STUDENT OF AFRICAN WILDLIFE 非洲野生动物研究者 It is 5:45 am and the sun is just rising over Gombe National Park in East Africa. 清晨5点45分，太阳刚从东非的贡贝国家公园的上空升起，Following Jane's way of studying chimps, our group are all going to visit them in the forest. 我们一行人准备按照简研究黑猩猩的方法去森林里拜访它们。Jane has studied these families of chimps for many years and helped people understand how much they behave like humans. 简研究这些黑猩猩家族已经很多年了，她帮助人们了解黑猩猩跟人类的行为是多么的相似。Watching a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day. 我们当天的首项任务就是观察黑猩猩一家是如何醒来的。This means going back to the place where we left the family sleeping in a tree the night before. 这意味着我们要返回前一天晚上我们离开黑猩猩一家睡觉的大
树旁。Everybody sits and waits in the shade of the trees while the family begins to wake up and move off. 大家坐在树荫下等待着，这时候猩猩们睡醒了，准备离开。Then we follow as they wander into the forest. 然后这群黑猩猩向森林深处漫步而去，我们尾随其后。Most of the time, chimps either feed or clean each other as a way of showing love in their family. 在大部分时间里，黑猩猩或相互喂食，或彼此擦身，这在它们的家庭里是表示爱的方式。Jane warns us that our group is going to be very tired and dirty by the afternoon and she is right. 简预先提醒我们，到下午的时候我们就会又脏又累。她说对了。However, the evening makes it all worthwhile. 不过到傍晚时分我们觉得这一切都是值得的。We watch the mother chimp and her babies play in the tree. Then we see them go to sleep together in their nest for the night. 我们看到黑猩猩妈妈跟她的幼子们在树上玩耍，后来看见它们晚上一起回窝里睡觉了。We realize that the
XX届高考英语必修4 Unit 1复习教案 XX届高考英语必修4Unit1复习教案 Unit1 womenofachievement 成就卓越的女性 核心词汇 ．whereisitthatyouwantto____________christmasth isyear? 2．Isthisthesisteryou____________toinyourlastletter? 3．TheccTVconcertwasi____________tocallonmorepeople tohelptherefugeesofyushuinQinghai. 4.Greatly____________bytheteacher’swords，Ihavemadeupmymindnottogiveupmygoal. 5．Treescanprovide____________fromthesun，sotheycanreducecoolingcostsinsummer. 6．Smallshopswere____________outbysupermarketsdurin gtheeconomiccrisis. 7．Therailwaybeingbuiltaimsto____________thesmallto wntothebigcity.
8．outof____________，heacceptedtheideathattheoldprofessorputforwardatthe meetingcompletely. 9．muchtomysurprise，he____________asifnothinghadhappened.Ingeneral，Iwasquitepleasedwithhis____________. 0．Iholdthefirmbeliefthatyouareboundto____________y ourdreamofbeingadmittedtoakeyuniversity，whichwillgiveyouawonderfulsenseof____________. .observe 2.referred 3.intended 4.inspired 5.shade6.crowded 7.connect 8.respect 9.behaved；behaviour,10.achieve；achievement 高频短语 ．______________ 献身于……；专心于…… 2．______________ 离开；起程；出发 3．______________ 过着……的生活 4.______________ 涌上心头；涌入脑海 5．______________
单元质量检测一 (时间：150分钟满分：150分) 一、基础积累(共25分，选择题每题3分) 1．下列词语中，加点的字注音完全正确的一组是() A．百舸．(ɡě)寥．廓(liáo) 峥嵘．(rónɡ) 挥斥方遒．(qiú) B．颓．圮(tí) 篱．墙(lí) 彷．徨(pánɡ) 默默彳亍 ．．(chì chù) C．河畔．(bàn) 漫溯．(sù) 青荇．(xìnɡ) 星辉斑斓．(lán) D．火钵．(bō) 飘泊．(bó) 纤．绳(qiān) 忸怩 ．．不安(niǔ ní) 解析：B项，“颓”应读tuí；C项，“畔”应读pàn；D项，“纤”应读qiàn。 答案：A 2．下列词语中，没有错别字的一项是() A．沧茫萧瑟油纸伞意气风发 B．惆怅芬芳万户候枯燥无味 C．挑衅抱歉明信片貌和神离 D．荆棘伫立挖墙脚凄婉迷茫 解析：A项，沧－苍；B项，候－侯；C项，和－合。 答案：D 3．依次填入下列各句横线处的词语，最恰当的一组是() (1)诗歌的意象是指诗歌中融入了作者主观________的客观物
象。它是构成诗歌意境的一些具体的、细小的单位。 (2)吟诵唐诗宋词，可以丰富我们的情感世界，提高我们的文学________，使我们获得精神的陶冶和审美愉悦。 (3)诗歌表现思想感情的________是语言，语言没有视觉的形象性，它不过是一群声音符号的组合。 (4)杜甫的诗歌，真实地记录了唐代由盛转衰的历史________，因而被称为“诗史”，他被尊为“诗圣”。 A．情意修养媒介剧变 B．情感休养媒体巨变 C．情意修养媒体剧变 D．情感休养媒介巨变 解析：(1)情意：感情心意。“情意”比“情感”范围大。(2)“修养”指态度与涵养；“休养”指休息调养。(3)媒介：使双方(人或事物)发生关系的人或事物。媒体：指交流、传播信息的工具，如报刊、广播、电视、互联网等。(4)巨变：巨大的变化，多指好的变化。剧变：剧烈变化，多指时事以及不好的巨大的变化。 答案：A 4．下列句子中加点的成语，使用不正确 ．．．的一句是() A．无论是国民政府还是中国共产党都在抗战中做出了贡献，但 到底谁才是中流砥柱 ．．．．呢？这值得我们深思。 B．我们还年轻，风华正茂 ．．．．，应像伟人毛泽东一样树立远大目标，不要浪费自己的大好青春。 C．由于构思精巧，章法严密，《再别康桥》表现的情和景虽然 多，但具有内在联系，水乳交融 ．．．．。 D．就日本名古屋市长关于“南京大屠杀”事件的危言危行 ．．．．，外