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专项训练定语从句专题练习

专项训练定语从句专题练习

一、定语从句

1.–What are you looking for?

–I’m looking for the storybook you lent to me last week.

A.who B.which C.when

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

句意“-你正在找什么?-我正在找你上周借给我的故事书”。

本题考查定语从句。A.who指人,在从句中作主语和宾语;B.which指物,在从句中作主语和宾语;C.when表示时间,在从句中作状语。本句话中,先行词为the storybook,指物,且在从句中作宾语,故选B。

【点睛】

做定语从句时,可先将先行词还原到句中。其次选择关系词,要先看先行词指人、指物还是既指人又指物。二要看从句中做何种成分,从而做出正确的判断。

2.—Have you heard of the Huawei Company?

—Sure, it’s one of the _____ companies _____ make us Chinese proud.

A.great; which B.greater; which C.greatest; that

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——你听说过华为公司吗?——当然,它是使我们中国人感到骄傲的最棒的公司之一。

great伟大的;greater比较伟大的,是比较级;greatest最伟大的,形容词最高级;which 关系代词,可以引导定语从句,先行词为物,在从句中作主语或宾语;that也是关系代词,先行词为人或物,引导定语从句,在从句中作主语或宾语。第一个空考查句型one of the +形容词最高级+名词复数,表示“最……的之一”,故排除A和B,应选C。第二个空是that引导的定语从句,在从句中作主语。

3. The dog _______ played with you just now is _______.

A.which; mine B.which; my

C.what; mine D.what; my

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:刚才和你一起玩的那条狗是我的。

Which哪一个;what什么;mine名词性物主代词,我的;my形容词性物主代词,我的。形容词性物主代词在句只用作定语;名词性物主代词则不能用作定语,但可以用作主语、

宾语、表语、连用of作定语。先行词dog在定语从句中作主语可用关系代词which代替。所以选A。

4.A true friend is a person ________ reaches for your hand and touches your heart. A.whom B.whose C.who D.which

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

句意:真正的朋友是一个帮助你并且让你感动的人。考查定语从句的关系词。本句中先行词 person为定语从句的逻辑主语,且指人,所以引导定语从句的关系代词用that或者who;结合句意和选项可知选C。

【点睛】

在定语从句中,当先行词是人时,引导词在定语从句中做主语时,引导定语从句的先行词用that或who,引导词在定语从句中做宾语时,引导定语从句的先行词用that或whom,引导词前面有介词时,必须用介词whom。例如,(1) The girl who is singing an English song in the next room is Tom’s sister. (2)The person that/whom you talked to just now is Tom’s father.=The person to whom you talked just now is Tom’s father.

在定语从句中,当先行词是物时,引导词在定语从句中做主语时,引导定语从句的先行词用that或which,引导词在定语从句中做宾语时,引导定语从句的先行词用that或which,引导词前面有介词时,必须用介词which。例如,He was reading a book which/that was about war. 他正在读一本关于战争的书。

在定语从句中,当先行词和后面的名词是所属关系时,用whose引导此定语从句。例如,They lives in a room whose window opens to the south. 他们住在一间窗户朝南开的房间里。

5. My grandparents like stories ________ have happy endings.

A.they B.who

C.which D./

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

句意:我爷爷奶奶喜欢有快乐结局的故事。考查定语从句。先行词stories(故事)表示物,需用关系代词that或which,引导词同时做从句的主语,根据句意结构,故选C。

6.—Frank, look! Who are the children under the tree ___ waiting in a line?

—They are the students from No. 1 Primary School.

A.that are B.where are C.which is D.who is

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——弗兰克,你看!那些在树下排队的孩子是谁?——他们是来自第一小学的学生。

考查定语从句。根据句意:﹣弗兰克,你看!树下排队的孩子们是谁?﹣他们是来第一小学的学生.可知先行词是children,指人,作主语,故选代词用who/that;children是复数,系词用are,故选A。

7.—Have you seen the film The Wandering Earth(流浪地球) ?

—Yes. It's the best one I have ever seen.

A.that B.which C.what D.it

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——你看过《流浪地球》这部电影吗?——这是我看到过的电影中最好的一部。

此句考查定语从句的关联词,that/which可以引导定语从句,what,it不能引导定语从句,首先排除C,D;先行词是不定代词one,前面被形容词的最高级best修饰,引导词只能用that不能用which,故答案为A.

【点睛】

引导定语从句的关系代词有:that(指人或物),which(指物),who(指人)。指人时可用that或who,指物时可用that或which,但有时只能用that不能用which。常见的情况有下列五种:

当先行词是all, any, anything, everything, nothing等不定代词时。例如:

Is there anything that I can do for you? 有什么可以为你做的吗?

All that can be done must be done.凡是能做的都必须做。

当先行词被形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时。例如:

That is one of the most interesting books that are sold in the bookshop.那是这家书店出售的最有趣的书之一。

The first thing that we should do is to get some food.我们该做的第一件事是弄点吃的。

当先行词有the only, the very, the same, the last等修饰时。例如:

My necklace is not the only thing that's missing.我的项链不仅是丢掉的东西。

当主句以who或which开头时,定语从句中引导词用that,不用which或who。以避免重复。例如:

Who is the girl that is wearing a red coat?正穿一件红色外套的女孩子是谁?

)当先行词既有人又有物时,用that不用which。例如:

The writer and his novel that you have just talked about are really well known.你刚才谈起的那位作家以及他的小说确实很著名。

8.—Who was the student ____ was absent yesterday?

—Mary was.

A.that B.who C.whom D.which

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——昨天旷课的那名学生是谁?——是玛丽。that引导此处定语从句,修饰人或事物;who引导定语从句,修饰人,作主语,表语或宾语;whom引导定语从句,修饰人,作宾语或表语;which引导定语从句,修饰事物,作主语,宾语或表语。修饰先行词the student,表示人,故排除D项。作定语从句的主语,因为主句是who引导的特殊疑问句,因此句中的定语从句用that引导,故选A。

9.All the classmates enjoyed the cake _________I made at the party. It was really delicious. A.that B.who C.what

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:所有的同学都喜欢我在聚会上做的蛋糕。真的很好吃。A. that 关系代词;先行词是人或物;B. who关系代词,先行词是人;C. what什么,通常不能引导定语从句。I made at the party.是定语从句修饰先行词the cake,在这里是物,用关系词that。根据题意,故选A。

10.Teenagers like reading the books ________ are written by Guo Jingming.

A.who B.what C.whose D.that

【答案】D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

试题分析:句意:青少年喜欢读郭敬明写的书。who先行词是人; what 不能引导定语从句;whose 先行词是人或物,作定语; that先行词是人或物。此句先行词books表示物,关系代词该用that,所以选D。

11.Do you know the man saved three pupils in the accident?

A.who B.it C.whom D.whose

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析:句意:你认识在事故中救了三个小孩的人吗?定语从句中,先行词指人时,用关系词who(作主语),whom(作宾语),that;先行词指事物时,用关系词

that/which。本题中,先行词the man指人,在从句中作主语,用关系词who ,故选A。【考点定位】考查定语从句。

12.I like the writers ___________are popular among teenagers.

A.who B.which C.whom

【答案】A

【解析】

句意:我喜欢受青少年欢迎的作家。本题考查定语从句。先行词是the writers,关系代词在定语从句中作主语且指人,故选A项。

13.(江苏省淮安市2015年中考英语试)--- What are you doing? ---I’m reading the book

______you lent me last week.

A.what B.who C.when D.that

【答案】D

【解析】

【分析】

考点:考查关系代词。

【详解】

试题分析:句意:-你在做什么?-我正在读你上周借给我的书。what 什么,不引导定语从句;who谁,先行词是人;when什么时候,先行词是时间;that那个,先行词是人或物。根据句意可知,这里是一个定语从句,修饰前面的名词the book,指物,故应选D。

14.I will never forget the fire ______________ happened in Shanghai last year.

A.when B.where

C.what D.which

【答案】D

【解析】

【分析】

考点:考查定语从句。

【详解】

试题分析:句意:我将永远不会忘记去年上海发生的火灾。先行词the fire是物,故其定语从句要用which引导。what不引导定语从句;when先行词是时间;where先行词是地点;根据题意,故选D。

15.The leaders from eight countries attended the Shanghai cooperation organization summit in Qingdao got the welcome of the Chinese people.

A.whom B.what C.who D.which

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

句意:出席上海合作组织青岛峰会的8国领导人受到中国人民的欢迎。考查关系代词辨析。what不是关系词,可排除。whom和who都用于先行词是人时,但whom用作宾语,who用作主语或宾语;which用于先行词是物时。本句先行词The leaders是人,可排除which;关系词在从句中做主语,可排除whom。根据句意结构和语境,可知选C。

16.---How do you like the Sun Island?Is it worth visiting?

---Sure. It’s one of the best places I have ever been to.

A.which B.that C.who

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

句意:----你觉得太阳岛怎么样?值得一游吗?----当然。这是我去过的最好的地方之一。考查定语从句引导词。本句先行词places是物,引导词在定语从句中作宾语,可知用that或which引导此定语从句,但先行词有最高级修饰时,只能用that引导此定语从句。故选B。

【点睛】

定语从句是用作定语的从句。被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。定语从句紧跟先行词(名词或代词)之后。引导定语从句的词叫引导词,引导词分为关系代词

(that/who/whom/which/whose)和关系副词(when/where/why)。引导词连接先行词和定语从句,在定语从句中充当一定的成分(关系代词充当主语或宾语,关系副词充当状语)。先行词是物时,用that或which引导定语从句;当先行词是人时,用who或that

引导定语从句。(一)、当先行词是物时,只用that的情况:1.当先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级修饰时。2.当先行词为两个或两个以上分别指人和物的名词时。3.当先行词本身是all的,用that.(all that=what).(that在定语从句中充当宾语可以省略)4.先行词为something, anything, nothing, everything, thing等不定代词时,用that。5.当先行词前有all, much, little, many,(a) few, every, some, any, no, only, the very,one of, the only, the last, the next等修饰语时。(二)、先行词既有人又有物时,或当先行词在以who或which开头的特殊疑问句中时,用that引导以避免混淆。7.当先行词是在定语从句中作表语时,用that。

17.The book ___ I read last night was fantastic.

A.that B.what C.whose D.who

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:我昨晚读的那本书真是太棒了。此句考查定语从句的关系词。A. that先行词是人或物,在从句中作主语或宾语;B. what不能引导定语从句;C. whose先行词是人或物,在从

句中作定语;D. who先行词是人,在从句中作主语或宾语。本句的先行词book指物,用that来引导,故答案为A。

【点睛】

在定语从句中,关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。

1) who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下:

Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是想见你的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)

He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)

2) whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换),例如:They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。

3) which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等。4)关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构,因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用,例如:Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born. 北京是我的出生地。

18.Auld Lang Syne is an Irish folk song reminds us of our old friends and the good old days. A.what B.who C.that D.Whose

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析:句意: Auld Lang Syne是爱尔兰民歌,让我们想起我们的老朋友和过去的好时光。这里是定语从句,这里的先行词是物,在句中做主语,用that来引导;what不能用来引导定语从句。根据题意。故选C。

考点:考查定语从句

19.My favorite actor is Jackie Chan _____is from China.

A.who B.whom C.whose

【答案】A

【解析】

句意:我最喜欢的演员是成龙,他来自中国。who关系代词,引导定语从句,先行词是人,在从句中作主语或宾语;whom也可以引导定语从句,先行词是人,在从句中作宾语;whose…的。根据句意可知,这个引导词指代的是Jackie Cheney,并在从句中作主语,故应选A。

20.—The city _____ I visited last year has changed a lot.

—Really? I hope to go there one day.

A.where B.that C.when

【答案】B

【解析】

句意:——我去年参观的那个城市有了很大的变化。——真的吗?我希望有一天去那儿。这是定语从句的结构,先行词city在从句中应是宾语,所以引导词不能用副词形式,where 是副词,that 代词,when副词;;故选B

21.Reading is a wonderful thing. It can take you to places ___ you have never visited. A.where B.which C.what D.who

【答案】B

【解析】

句意:读书是一件好事,它能把你带到一个你从来没有参观过的地方。这里考查定语从句,先行词是places;定语从句中缺少句子的宾语,where在定语从句中作状语,故排除A;what不能引导定语从句;who引导定语从句的时,先行词是人的。Which在定语从句中可以作宾语或主语,先行词可以指的是地点的词。故选B。

22.The rich man is very kind and helpful to the people _________ have difficulties.

A.which B.whom C.who D.what

【答案】C

【解析】

句意:那个富人对有困难的人非常善良,而且爱帮助。which引导定语从句修饰事,作主语或宾语;whom引导定语从句,修饰人,作宾语或表语;who引导定语从句修饰人,作主语或宾语;what引导名词性从句,作主语,宾语或表语。此处先行词people,表示人,后面的定语从句中缺少主语,故用who引导。故选C。

23.I’d like to tell you about the table manners _______ you should know when you visit Korea. A.which B.who

C.what D.how

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析:句意:我想告诉你当你访问朝鲜时你应该知道的餐桌礼仪。Which哪一个;who 谁;what 什么;how怎么。先行词table manners在定语从句中作表语,可用关系代词which代替。所以选A。

考点:考查定语从句。

24.— Jack, where do you work?

— I work for a company sells computers.

A.which B.where C.what D.who

【答案】A

【解析】试题分析:句意:——杰克,你在哪儿工作?——我在一家卖电脑的公司。which 引导的定语从句,指物,在从句中可以作主语、宾语等;where引导表示地点的定语从句;What不可以引导定语从句。它只可以引导名词性从句;who引导的定语从句用来修饰人。故选A。

25.Most students like the teachers understand them well.

A.which B.who C.where D.when

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析:句意:绝大多数的学生都喜欢能够很好理解他们的老师。分析:考查定语从句的用法,先行词是the teacher,先行词在从句中作主语,因此引导词用who.故选 B

考点:考查定语从句的用法。

26.The Gree (格力) Company is developing a new kind of machine can cool down our rooms more quickly.

A.who B.what C.whom D.which

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析:句意:格力公司正在开发一种新的机器,它可以使我们的房间更迅速地降温。A. who先行词为人,作主语;B. what不能引导定语从句;C. whom先行词为人,作宾语;

D. which先行词为物,此句的先行词为machine,指物,故答案为D。

考点:考查定语从句的连接词。

27.--Chris, the West Lake is so attractive!

--Yeah, the West Lake is the most beautiful place______I have ever visited.

A.what B.who C.that

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——克里斯,西湖太迷人了!——是啊,西湖是我去过的最美丽的地方。

此题考查定语从句。what不可作关系词,故排除A。关系代词who指人;关系代词that

既可指人,也可指物。此句先行词place是物,故用关系代词that。故选C。

28. Most grandmas prefer the song Little Apple that they can dance their square dances to . A.that B.whose C.where D.How

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析:句意:大多数奶奶最喜欢小苹果这首歌,她们能跟着跳广场舞。A. that 那个;B. Whose谁的;C. Where在哪;D. How怎样;这里是that引导的宾语从句,先行词是物,用

关系词that。根据题意。故选A。

考点:考查定语从句

29.—Why don't you like fishing?

—Fishing is a hobby____needs much patience,but I'm not patient at all.

A.that B.who C.whom D.Where

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析:句意:——你为什么不喜欢钓鱼?——钓鱼是一项需要许多耐心的爱好,但是我一点耐心都没有。本题考查定语从句。先行词 hobby (爱好)指事物,关系代词应用that 或which.故选A项。

考点:考查定语从句的用法

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A. who; that B. /; these

C. who; those D. / ; /

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析:句意为:据调查,每天喝超过两杯咖啡的女人比那些不喝咖啡的女人患心脏疾病的机会大得多。根据语境可知,本题考查的是定语从句的引导词和代词的用法。在定语从句中,引导词由先行词而定,who的先行词指人。此外,这里指的是“喝咖啡与不喝咖啡的那些女人”的比较,代词应用those,表示同名同物,故应选C。

考点:考查引导词和指示代词的用法。

31.According to a survey, people ___________ are able to speak two languages can manage two things at the same time more easily.

A.which B.whom C.whose D.who

【答案】D

【解析】

句意:根据一项调查,能说两种语言的人可以同时管理两件事。考查疑问词辨析。A. which 哪一个,代物/人;B. whom谁,宾格,代人;C. whose谁的,代物主;D. who谁,主格,代人。本句是定语从句,people人/人们,在句中做主语,结合句意和语境,可知选D。

32.I hate the dogs live in the next house. They make loud noises all night

A.who B.that C.what D.whom

【答案】B

【解析】

句意:我讨厌住在隔壁的狗,他们整晚发出噪音。who "谁"指人,在定语从句中作主语;

that "那个"指人或指物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;what "什么"不能引导定语从句,引导名词性从句;whom "谁"指人,在定语从句中作宾语。根据先行词是the dogs,后面的定语从句缺少主语,故用代词that。故选B。

33.The story ______ I read in the newspaper was about a common problem among teenagers. A.whose B.who C.that D.where

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

句意:我在报纸上读到的那个故事是关于青少年的一个普遍问题。

考查定语从句的先行词。这里指代我在报纸上所读的故事,用that作为定语从句的先行词。故选C。

34.(题文)—Do you know about Yuan Longping?

—Only a little. But Chinese people are proud of the man ______ hybrid rice

is famous.

A.who B.which C.that D.whose

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析:句意为:---你了解袁隆平吗?---一点点。但是中国人以这位他的杂交水稻闻名于世的人感到自豪。根据语境可知,这里包含一个定语从句,从句的引导词根据先行词而定。who :指人,which:指物, that:可指人或物,whose:指物主。根据语境可知,这里指物主,故应选D。

考点:考查定语从句。

35.--I’ve been thinking about those questions you asked me last week.

--Oh, really? Have you got any valuable idea?

A.which B.who C.what D.why

【答案】A

【解析】

句意:——我一直在思考那些你上周问的那些问题。——哦,真的吗?你有任何宝贵的意见吗?which引导定语从句,作主语或宾语,修饰事物。who引导定语从句,作主语,修饰人;what位于名词性从句中做主语,宾语,表语,表示事物;why引导定语从句,作状语,修饰表示原因的名词。先行词questions表示事,故用代词which引导定语从句,故选A。

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英语定语从句专题训练答案及解析 一、定语从句 1.-1 like to live in a room ___________ is big and bright. A.that B.where C.how 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析:句意:我想住一个又大又明亮的房间。that那;where哪里;how怎么。先行词room在定语从句中作主语,可用关系代词that代替,所以选A。 考点:考查定语从句。 2.—What kind of movies do you prefer? —I prefer the movies _________me something to think about. A.which give B.that gives C.which gives D.who gives 【答案】A 【解析】 句意:——你喜欢什么类型的电影?——我更喜欢那些让我思考的电影。此句的先行词是movies,引导定语从句的关联词用that或which,排除C,D;定语从句的主语that或which 指代movies,动词不能用三单形式,故答案为A。 3.When we speak of culture, we mean a way of life_________ a group of people have in common. A.what B.who C.where D.that 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 句意:当我们说起文化的时候,我们指的是一群人共同拥有的生活方式。考查定语从句的引导词。根据句意:当我们说起文化的时候,我们指的是一群人共同拥有的生活方式。逗号后面的句中是含有定语从句的复合句,先行词是 life,表示“物”,用引导词 that,在从句中做宾语。what 不能引导定语从句。先行词是“人”,引导词常用 who。where 在定语从句中做地点状语。故选D。 【点睛】 引导定语从句的关联词包括关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, whose, who, whom, as;关系副词有when, where, why。关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中都充当一定的句法成份。关系代词在从句中充当动词的宾语时一般可以省略。 4.Do you have books about famous scientists ________ are suitable for children to read? A.what B.which C.who D.whom 【答案】B 【解析】

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