Book One: Lesson 1 超级摇滚歌星
课后练习答案
A. Answer the following questions on the text:
1. (1) The author used the two quotations to introduce the discussion and express his ideas about rock music and young culture heroes. (2)Yes, they are.
2. The author uses the three examples to show that the young people worship the rock superstars very much, but the adults find these rock superstars are sick. The examples are used to show that young people and adults have totally different attitudes towards rock music.
3. Irving Horowitz believes that rock music can express its times. He sees it as a debating forum where American society struggles to define and redefine its feelings and beliefs.
4. When he appeared on the Ed. Sullivan Sunday night variety show in front of millions, a kind of debate took place. Most of the old people while most of the young viewers applauded.
5. Bob Dylan touched a nerve of disaffection. The Beatles urged peace and piety. The Rolling Stones demanded revolution.
6. Apart from politics, the rock music deat with a range of feelings and emotions.
7. The rock superstars got applause, praise and money.
8. No, he hasn"t. It is impossible for the author to give a complete answer in a short article. He ends his article with questions because he wants to leave the question to he readers and let them to think.
B. Translate the following into Chinese:
1. 他描述道；"贾格尔抓起落架半加仑水，沿着前台跑，边跑边把水洒向前几排汗流淋淋的歌迷身上。"
2. 你对这种赞美和英雄崇拜是怎样看的？
3. 还由于他把你狂热的幻想表演出来了，你不知不觉地被这个不可思议的小丑所吸引？
4. 一些社会学家认为，你支这些问题的回答，可以说明你在想什么，社会在想什么。换句话说，可以说明你和你所在社会的立场。
5. 只不过艾你维斯的演唱体现了50年代青少年那种沮丧的精神状态。
6. 感情总是任何音乐的一种成分，也是一个重要题目。
7. 霍罗威茨认为，这种乡间成分有助于听众表达"摆脱这一切"、"重归昔日"的强烈愿望。
8. 在1972年的一次全国民意测验中，10%以上的高中男生，20%的女生说他们心目中的英雄是超级摇滚歌星。
C. Fill in the blank in each sentence with the best word or expression from the box below, changing its form when neccssary.
1. embody , 2. act out . 3. sprinkled . 4. sweltering. 5. idle . 6. rejected. 7. rather than. 8. reverence/worship
D. Choose the right word or expression in the brackets to complete each of the following sentences:
1.debating. 2. proud. 3.blend, mix. 4.conceive. 5. were dressed. 6. idealistic. 7. admiration
8. rumbling
E. Explain the underlined words in English:
1. disgusting
2. Editors" wrote articles to attack him.
3. the confusions of the old people.
4. advocated peace and devotion
5. The words of the song praise the natural happiness of the old days reflect emotions and favour
6. reflect emotions and favour
7. a place where ideas come into opposition and try to defeat each other
8. other successful rock stars at present
F. Translate the following into English:
Rock music began in America in the late 1950"s. It was not only a new musical form, but also a forum for the American youth to express their ideas of world and life. On this forum, the stars sang out the attitudes of youth towards civil rights, war and peace, their disaffection of the society, and a range of emotions between love and hate. All in all, on this forum, the American youth redefined their belief in and feelings for American society. The typical representatives of the early rock music were Elvis Presley, singer and poet Bob Dylan, the Beatles, the Rolling Stones and so on. They were the culture heroes worshipped by young people.
G. wrtting
(omitted)
Book One: Lesson 2 年轻人的四种选择
课后练习答案
A.
1. The look at the adult world with great skepticism.
2. Drop out means to withdraw from conventional society. The author says that the dropouts are parasitic because they batten on the society in which they refuse to take any responsibility.
3. The difference is that people who lfee are not parasites. They are willing so support themselves and to contribute something to the general community.
4. Because our planet is running out of noble savages and unsullied landscapes, except for the polar regions, the frontiers are gone.
5. Young people who are more active and idealistic tend to follow the strategy of armed revolution.
6. Because they will live in bitter disillusionment to see the new establishment is just as stuffy and hard-faced as the old one.
7. For example, the problems of an affluent society, of racial justice, of keeping our cities from becoming uninhabitable, of population explosion and so on.
8. The fourth alternative is trying to change the world gradually, one clod at a time. The author favors this alternative because he thinks it offers a better chance for remedying some of the world"s outrages than any other available strategy.
B.
1、很显然，他的话代表队了许多同龄人的心声。
2、在过去的几年里，我曾听到过许多在校大学生或已走出校门的年轻人的想法。他们对成人社会也是同样的紧张不安。
3、他们愿意养活自己，并为社会作出贡献。他们只是不喜欢文明环境，也就是充满丑陋和压力的城市。
4、极少数有钱的绅士农场主仍旧能够过上田园式的生活。
5
、在他们看来，这种方式具有浪漫号召力，代表通常是某个魄力十且具有超凡魅力的人物。
6、他们的成功决不可能带来一个他们所期望的崭新的世界--一个涤荡了所有做人类的污浊的崭新世界。
7、革命政府，无论贴上什么样的政治标签，都必须要由销售、卫生工程和各级政府机关行家管理，而不是由狂暴主义者管理。
8、这种办法值得一提的是它有时会奏效--在某一特别的时期和地点，它能够提供比其他任何可用的方式都要好的解决社会问题的良方。
C.
1. satisfying, 2. cleansed, 3.symbolize, 4.ran out of
5. unprecedented, 6. insoluble, 7. struck, 8.virtually
D.
1.galnce, 2.relative, 3. exasperated, 4. noisome, 5.inhabited, 6. cluttered. 7.idealistic. 8.appeal
E.
1. … were also worried about the adult world
2. They don"t" live off others (The don"t batten on society)
3. … was also practiced by our ancestors in ancient times.
4. all the unpleasant things of the city:crimes, social injustice, unemployment ore the mental strain caused by severe competion.
5. Their success never brings bout a completely new and different world.
6. This strategy is not at all attractive.
7. Changing and curing the cruelty and violence of the world better than any other possible wasy.
8. Another problem soon appears before them.
F.
American young people in the 1960"s were a generation of rebellion. They found America, an affluent society, full of poverty, injustice and hypocrisy. They no longer believed in the adult world which did not belong to them and rejected its beliefs and values. Many young people threw themselves into the battles against poverty, racial discrimination and Vietnam War. Some of them even attempted to overthrow the society through armed revolution. Many others expressed their resentment in passive ways. They took drugs and lived a parasitic life without taking any social responsibility, or fled to the unsullied countryside to live a rather primitive communal life.
Book One: Lesson 3 强制的力量（作者：威廉·卡洛斯·威廉斯）
课后练习答案
A.
1. Because it was very damp there sometimes. They had her in the kitchen where it was warm.
2. Because they were new patients and they knew how stubborn their child was. They thought it was hard to diagnose the child. Second they just spent three dollars on the doctor. They doubted whether the doctor could do his best in such cases.
3. She didn"t know seriousness of the disease - diphtheria. And she didn"t want the doctor to find that her tonsils were covered with membrane. Moreover she was very self-willed. All these made her refuse to open her mouth.
4. Because the doctor had seen at least two
children lying dead in bed of neglect in such cases. He must diagnose in time.
5. Before the doctor could see anything she came down again and gripped the wooden blade between her molars.
6. In the final unreasoning assault the doctor overpowered the child"s neck and jaws. He forced the heavy silver spoon back of the girl"s teeth and down her throat.
7. This is an open-ended question. In a sense, there"s some relation between the girl"s physical beauty and outcome of the incident. The girl"s parents spoiled her because of her beauty. This formed her self-willed character. If the girl was ugly, the situation may be different. However, in another sense, there"s no necessary relation between the girl"s beauty and the outcome of the incident. That"s because a child"s character if affected by various elements. No matter a child is pretty or not , he may beomce a self-willed child.
8. Yes. His purpose was good. But the means he employed to exam the girl"s throat was too rude. And he hurt the girl"s feeling.
B.
1、当我到达时，孩子的母亲迎接了我，她是一位大块头的女人，脸上带着惊慌，衣着干净，说话满是歉意。她只简单地说，你是大夫吗？就让我进去了。
2、他试图站起来，但我示意他不必麻烦了。我脱下大衣开始检查东西。
3、像通常一样，在这种情况下，他们告诉我的绝不会比他们不得不说的多，得靠我来告诉他们。
4、我用我那最好的职业微笑笑着问那孩子的名字，然后我说，过玛蒂尔达。
5、听到这话我厌恶地咬咬牙。如果他们不用"伤害"这个词我或许会找到点办法。
6、在接下来的较量中他们变得越来越可怜、受压制、筋疲力尽，而她由于对我的害怕和反抗我检查的努力而产生的狂怒确实已经达到了惊人的程度。
7、她突然张开嘴，但在我看清之前她却关闭上了，并且把木制压舌板紧紧咬在臼齿之间，在我抽出之前，已把它咬成碎片。
8、在这种情况下，一个人对自己说，一定要保护这可恶的小鬼，使她免受自己愚蠢行为的伤害。
C.
1. apprehension , 2. rerrifying , 3. overpowering , 4. contemptible
5. motioned 6. profusion. 7. ensuing , 8. coax
D.
1. terrified , 2. coaxed , 3. contemptible, 4. apprehension
5. apology, 6. terrifying , 7. desist , 8. admonished.
E.
1. making an apology, expressing regret
2. … it was my duty, it required me…
3. and lots of people here have been ill
4. my best smile and my words were of no help. The girl was still.
5. in the view of the possibility, in the hope…
6. We"re going to complete the examination.
7. I too bad lost my sense. ( I became unreasonable)
8. the violent and unreasoning feeling
F.
Mathilda had been ill for three days. Mother had given her some medicine, but it didn"t to any good. So she had to ask the doctor come. Since some students had got diphtheria in the school to which Mathilda went and two of them had already died. The doctor, arriving at Wilson"s, would first examine Mathilda"s throat. No matter how they coaxed , she didn"t open her mouth. So the doctor had to get the wooden tongue depressor between her teeth. Mathilda, however, reduced it to splinters. In order to protect Mathilda herself and other children, the doctor had to make clear whether she had diphtheria or not , so that he could cure it in time. Therefore, he asked Mathilda"s father to hold both her wrists ,and he himself forced the child to open her mouth. And there it was - she really had diphtheria. The story sets us thinking of this question that not everything can depend on willingness in life and it is necessary to use some force under certain circumstances.
Book One: Lesson 4 生死由你
课后练习答案
A.
1. Yes. In Holland, mercy-killing is accepted by medical establishment and openly practiced a few thousand times each year.
2. Because they keep euthanasia secret. In America, they can rarely discuss euthanasia openly with patients - even when those patients beg them for it - doctors tend to kill only when the dying ae too far gone to consent. Thus, because voluntary euthanasia is taboo, a doctor makes the decision himself and the patient is killed involuntarily.
3. Passive euthanasia is letting patients die without using all the might of medical technology to prolong the lives of patients. Active euthanasia is killing the patients. No.
4. A " living will " is a document written by a person sound in mind and body and stating whether he/she should receive any medical treatment or what kind of medical treatment he/she should receive if he/she should contract some incurable disease.
5. Yes. His oath explicitly rules out active killing. No. Most other Greek doctors and thinkers disagreed with his ban. The author wants to tell the readers that even in ancient Greece doctors and thinkers had the courage to disagree with the Hippocratic ban. Today we should have the courage to support euthanasia.
6. The danger is that if euthanasia is legalized it might pose dangers for society by setting a precedent for killing.
7. The opposition is too fierce because of the shadow of the past, which refers to the atrocities committed by German fascists during the Second World War.
8. The author is in favor of euthanasia.
B.
1、需要制定有关安乐死的法律，这一问题是能再回避了。
2、在荷兰，安乐死已被医疗机构接受并且每年公开实行几千次。
3、有关安乐死的的辩论将喋喋不休地持续到秋季，到那时加里福尼亚人会对安乐死合法化的议案进行
投票。
4、许多人接受这样的观点，既使用所有的医疗技术去延长死亡的痛苦是可悲的、有损尊严的和令人毛骨悚然的。
5、对主动安乐死和被动安乐死的区分还能持续多久呢？
6、那么，他使用足够的止痛药去杀人就一定会错吗？医生采取了行动而不是疏忽职守，就应遣责他吗？
7、最英勇地顶信压力，拒绝参于纳粹分子医疗暴徒行的是荷兰医生，这也是决非巧合。
8、那些近代自由传统未被打断过的国家，并不太担心为自愿安乐死设立一些有限规则。
C
1. dodged, 2. intrude, 3. withhold, 4. ushered
5. legalize 6. precedent 7. credible 8. arguable
D.
1. dodge 2. drowned out 3. intruding 4. omission
5. oath 6. withholding 7. arguable 8. credible
E.
1. Euthanasia refers to the painless, gentle and easy death in case of incurable and painful disease.
2. Polemical impact ; a strong controversial influence.
3. Taboo: (among some people ) something which religion or custom regards as forbidden, something not bo be touched or spoken of.
4. might : great power , strength
5. setting a precedent for killing : furnishing an example that may serve to justify killing.
6. squeamishness here refers to a person who is excessively / too scrupulous ( careful to do nothing morally wrong , paying great attention to small points, esp. of conscience).
7. controversial : likely to cause prolonged argument
8. embrace: to include , incorporate or accept
F.
It"s now very urgent to make laws on euthanasia. Most countries prohibit euthanasia. In these countries, euthanasia is secretly practiced by doctors. But some countries , Holland , for example , openly practice euthanasia. More and more countries are debating on legalizing euthanasia.
When a patient has long been suffering from a disease and has no hope of recovery, why should we let him go on suffering? Why not use euthanasia to end his throes?
If euthanasia is legalized, however, it my pose a danger- someone may use euthanasia to murder. In a word, euthanasia is a question that can"t be dodged.
Book One: Lesson 5 我宁愿做黑人而不做妇女（作者：（美）雪莉·奇泽姆）
A.
1. She is the first black woman ever elected to Congress.
2. Because men do not support the struggle and women in America are much more brainwashed and content with their roles as second class citizens than blacks ever were.
3. Women can only do tedious details that make the difference between victory and defeat on election day and the best position that any of them can hope for is the honor of being a district or county vice-chairman while her role is supposed to vote the way her male chairm
an votes.
4. The majority of women who are organized in PTAs, church societies, card clubs and other social and service groups helped her defeat her male opponent in the local election.
5. They are invariably paid less than a man for the same job.
6. The American women usually take the occupations of secretaries, librarians and teachers.
7. These problems are there are still some children going to bed hungry, there is not a good school for every child, money is still spent on weapons to murder people and the laws against unfair housing and unfair employment practice are not enforced effectively.
8. According to author, women have the qualities of empathy , tolerance , insight , patience and persistence . I agree with the author because they are women's naturally-born qualities.
B.
1.、我是第一个同时清除了这两个障碍的人。
2、那些白人--包括那些自以为是的开明人士的人们--需要多年的时间才能发现并摒弃他们事实上持有的歧视态度。
3、从事这份工作，她得到几次免费旅行，去参加州会议，有时去参加全国性会议及正常召开的全国代表大会，而在这些会议上，她的任务是照男主席那样去投赞成票或反对票。
4、当一位聪慧的年青女大学生开始找工作的时候，为什么第一个问题总是："你会打字吗？"
5、每次当我试图向高处再走一步的时候，许多人就建议我应该回去教书，说那才是女人的职业，而要把政治留给男士们。
6、但是直到这情况发生--我们都知道这不会是今年也不会是明年--我们所要的是更多的妇女从政，因为外单位妇女要做出特殊的贡献。
7、只有妇女才能给政府带来善解人意、容忍、远见、耐心和持之以恒--这些品质是我们妇女天生的或者说是由于受到男性压迫而不得不发展的。
8、现在，我们的国家需要妇女的理想主义和决心，也许在政治上要比在其它任何领域都要更需要。
C
1. make the differences 2. phenonmena 3. menial 4. prejudice
5. separate 6 predominate 7. rather than 8. thought of
D.
1. incredible 2. tune; tone 3. sympathy 4. vacation
5. contented 6. illuminated 7. persistence 8. morale
E.
1. Women have much more troubles and difficulties than blacks.
2. Women in America are told to change their ideas.
3. position, fate , destiny
4. unpaid individuals who work
5. When I attempted to free myself from that seterotype
6. I was confronted with open opposition
7. I was suggesting that a promising young women be named the candidate
8. the law was carried out instead of being avoided
F.
American women have made great contr
ibutions to the American development, but they have been suffering from many kinds of prejudice because of their sex. In politics, they do all the tedious details that make the difference between victory and defeat, but have little chance to reach higher positions while men reap the rewards. In economy, most women do the lower-paying , dead-end jobs and they are invariably paid less than a man for the same job. Many Americans do not admit that it is prejudice, only saying that it is a division of labor. Many women are even content with their roles as second class citizens. So the author says that it will be a long and hard struggle if women want to get real equality
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