SAT阅读讲义 SAT阅读题型分类：
?词汇题?细节题?推理题?语气态度题?写作手法题?主旨题?结构题?求同题?求异题?互联题
SAT阅读题解题技巧：
1、词汇题（vocabulary-in-context questions）
常见形式：
In line N, “X most nearly means …
The word “X” refers to…
Examples:
1. In line 8, “deepened” most nearly means
(A) darkened (B) heightened (C) immersed (D) made distant (E) made obscure
The concerns I have are deepened as I begin to compare how we, as outsiders, view sandpaintings with how the Navajo view them, even just from a physical perspective.
2. In line 2, “crystallized” most nearly means
(A) refracted (B) metamorphosed (C) glittered (D) sharpened (E) solidified
The succeeding generations of women travelers —were impelled by essentially the same impetus, the desire for independence and enlightenment. These were the twin forces that crystallized in the ongoing movement for equal rights.
3. In line 27, “broke” most nearly means
(A) destroyed (B) surpassed (C) weakened (D) pierced (E) tamed
It was the first sign of life I had seen in this lake, whose shores seemed to yield little but washed-in beer cans. By endby the gliding shadow ceased to scurry from stone to stone over the bottom. Unexpectedly, it headed almost directly for me. A furry nose with graywhiskers broke the surface.
4. In line 35, “laboring under” most nearly mean
(A) moving with great effort (B) being exploited by (C) striving to achieve (D) working for (E) suffering from
To my surprise, the muskrat came almost to my feet with his little breakfast of greens. He was young, and it rapidly became obvious to me that he was laboring under an illusion of his own, that he thought animals and people were still living in the Garden of Eden. …Only the evening before I had heard my neighbor describe with triumphant enthusiasm how he had killed a muskrat in the garden because the creature had tired to nibble his petunias.
5. In line 1, “embraced” most nearly means
(A) caressed (B) adopted (C) enfolded (D) included (E) encircled
In the United States, the traditional view embraced by society is that fences are European, out of place in the American landscape.
2、细节题（specific information questions）
常见形式：
考查对文中具体的事实信息。常见于列举或排除题，含NOT或EXCEPT 的问句。Examples:
I believe that the reporter who interviewed me expected tales of tombs, gold, and glory. I told her about heat, disease, and insect bites. I described the time that my jeep broke an axle 50 miles from anywhere, the time that the local municipality stole half my workers to work on a local road. “Picture postcards never show the bugs,” I told her. “Singing ants, wasps, fleas, roaches the size of your hand. Post cards never show the heat.”
1. The narrator mentions all of the following as problems encountered at archaeologist digs EXCEPT
(A) noxious insects
(B) incompetent workers
(C) government interference
(D) mechanical breakdown
(E) uncomfortable weather
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Out of Homer, Thucydides (circa 400 B.C) constructed a brilliant resume of “prehistoric” Greece that remains one of the most bala nced and plausible accounts of how the war might have come about. We cannot be certain how much is his own intuition from observable remains (archaeological sites) and deductions from the Homeric tale, or how much he derived from sources we do not now have, but most experts would rule out this last possibility. At any rate, Thucydides thought the story of Troy was true and the …imperial? power of Mycenae, the area of Greece from which the Greek leaders came, a reality.
2. According to the passage, for Thucydides the most convincing evidence for the existence of the Trojan War was found in which of the following?
(A)Egyptian chronicles
(B)Homer?s epics
(C)Archaeological findings
(D)Greek historical records
(E)Philosophical writings
3、推理题（reasoning questions）
常见形式：
probably; suggests; imply; emphasizes; means; most likely; seems; it can be inferred
要求我们对文中的信息进行总结和推断。
Examples:
I like to look at Africa, with the coded colors of the different countries like the Belgian Congo and Rhodesia, and try to remember which countries were fighting to be free just as we struggling for civil rights. I had heard Daddy talking about the struggle, arguing with the television as someone discussed it on a news show. And I had seen pictures on the news of people gathered together marching.
1. What does the description in lines 3-4(“I had…show”) suggest about the author’s father?
(A) He was uncomfortable discussing politics with his children.
(B) He did not approve of most television news coverage.
(C) He had strong feelings about the Civil Rights movement.
(D) He generally had a pessimistic worldview.
(E) He was an outspoken public advocate for equal rights.
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When the tide was in and the water rose up to within a foot of the lawn, we children boasted that we could fish out of our bedroom windows. This was not quite true. But it was true that, from our front lawn, the house was full of waves. When the tide was up and the sun was shining, the white front of the house was in movement with reflected waves.
2. What does the authors mean by the comment “the house was full of waves”(line
3)?
(A) The house was decorated with a nautical theme
(B) The children enjoyed drawing pictures of the sea
(C) The house mirrored the movements of the sea
(D)The basement of the house sometimes filled with water
(E) The house appeared as if it had been damaged by the sea
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I had noticed with amazement and delight that something was happening between Sandro and me. It was not at all a friendship born from affinity; on the contrary, the difference in our origins made us rich in “exchangeable goods,” like two merchants who meet after coming from remote and mutually unknown regions.
3. The author’s reference to “exchangeable goods” in line 3 suggests that
(A) difference between individuals impede the development of friendships
(B) individuals with different backgrounds have much to offer one another
(C) friends should contribute equally to the success of relationships
(D) the value of a relationship depends on the individual’s needs.
(E) emotional compatibility leads to lasting friendships
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Newspaper editor and political commentator Henry Louis Mencken was a force of nature, brushing aside all objects animal and mineral in his headlong rush to the publicity that surely awaited him. He seized each day, shook it to within an inch of its life, and then gaily went to the next. No matter where his writing appeared, it was quoted widely, his pungently outspoken opinions debated hotly. Nobody else could make so many people so angry, or make so many others laugh so hard.
3. In line 3, the word “seized” and “shook” help establish which aspects of Mencken’s personality?
(A) His code of honor (B) His sense of humor (C) His vindictiveness
(D) His intensity (E) His petulance
4. The public responses described in lines 4-5 most strongly suggests that Mencken’s writings were
(A) authoritative (B) controversial (C) arrogant (D) informal (E) frivolous ----------------
The ability to see the situation as your opponents see it, as difficult as it may be, is one of the most important skills that you can possess as a negotiator. You must know more than simply that they see things differently. It is not enough to study them like beetles under a microscope; you need to know what it feels like to be a beetle. To accomplish this you should be prepared to withhold judgment as you “ty on” their views. Your opponents may well believe that their views are right as strongly as you believe yours are.
5. The references to beetles in lines 4-5 serves to suggest that
(A) people need to be more attuned to their surroundings
(B) effective negotiation is more of a science than an art
(C) people can be made to do what they would prefer not to do
(D) effective negotiation requires identifying with a different viewpoint
(E) people feel uncomfortable when their actions are under scrutiny
4、语气态度题（tone or attitude questions）
attitude, tone, mood, view, feeling，response, describe, portray, characterize…语气态度题不考查具体内容的理解。关注副词、形容词等修饰性词句，判断语气态度。
常见词汇
5、写作手法题（writing style questions）
The way the author develops and presents the ideas in the passage.
●修辞手法(rhetorical devices)
?metaphor
?simile
?personification ?irony ?hyperbole
?understatement
?euphemism
?pun
?contrast
?political /biblical
allusion
掌握尽可能多的修辞方法及特点。
●目的和作用(purpose and function)
in order to, function, serve to, be used to, primarily, as an example of,
从整体把握，把文章看成一个有机整体。与文章主题和段落主题相一致。记住！细节都是服务于主题的。
6、主旨题（main idea questions）
●The passage is primarily concerned with…
●The passage can primarily be described as…
●The main point /idea /purpose of the passage is to…
●The passage as a whole answers which of the following question?
主旨题涉及全文内容，解题须注意：1）先做其他题目，最后做主旨题（做好标记，不要忘了）；2）防止以细节代整体；2）注意作者的写作角度和态度（denounce? Argue? Present? Explain? ）；3）注意作者的文章组织思路。
Examples:
7、结构题（structure questions）
●Which of the following describes the development of this passage?
●What’s the relationship of the first paragraph and the second paragraph?
首先要迅速认清主题，才能看出通篇组织结构。局部结构题要看段与段之间的关系（注意前段最后1句和后段第1句）。
双篇文章题（paired passage questions）
8、求同题
●Both passages …
●What do passage 1 and passage 2 have in common?
●Which of the following … is shared by both passages?
●Passage 1 is similar/analogous/ parallel/ akin to passage 2 in that …
●… in passage 2 is most like … in passage 2?
※先排除只属于一篇文章的选项，再去对照查找余下可能的共同点。
9、求异题
●Passage 1 differs from passage 2 in that …
●Unlike passage 1, passage 2 …
●The contrast/ difference between passage 1 and passage 2 is that …
●…in passage 1 and passage 2, respectively, are …
●… is in passage 1, but not in passage 2
●Which statement best characterizes the different … in which the authors of passage 1
and passage 2 …
※先读懂题目，确定比较的方面。再去寻找相关部分，找出不同点。
10、互联题
●Which of the following best describes the relationship between the two passages?
●…in/of passage 2 would most likely to + VERB +…in/of passage 1?
●The argument in passage 1 that best VERB the statement in passage 2 is that …
Verbs:
respond to/ react to/ claim/ assert/ argue/ contend/add to
characterize/ exemplify/agree/ support/ espouse/ strengthen
discredit / weaken/ undermine/criticize/ damage / repute
suggest/ consider/ interpret/ view/ regard
※互联题多数为推断题，需要推断两篇文章中的观点、论述、细节相互关联会产生的结果。读题后，需要快速返回原文查找相关信息，判断答案。
双篇题解题思路：
1）先阅读文章（不要只读段首、段尾，尽量完整阅读。可在作者举例或做细节描述时跳过，主要论述部分不能省略），抓住每篇文章的主旨、叙述/论述方式、作者态度等。读完文章需要大致知道两篇文章对同一话题观点上的相同和不同之出；2）依次解题。