倒装句考点1. never置于句首时的倒装当否定副词never置于句首时，其后习惯上要用倒装语序(与一般疑问句形式相同)。
(1) Never in my wildest dreams ______ these people are living in such poor conditions.
A. I could imagine
B. could I imagine
C. I couldn’t imagine
D. couldn’t I imagine
(2) Never before _____ in greater need of modern public transport than it is today.
A. has this city been
B. this city has been
C. was this city
D. this city was
2. little置于句首时的倒装当否定副词little置于句首时，其后习惯上要用倒装语序(与一般疑问句形式相同)。
(1) Little ______ that we were watching his every move, so he seemed to be going his own way in this business.
he realized B. he didn’t realizeC. didn’t he realize D. did he realize
(2) They have a good knowledge of English but little _____ they know about German A. have B. did C. had D. do
3. seldom置于句首时的倒装当否定副词seldom置于句首时，其后习惯上要用倒装语序(与一般疑问句形式相同)。
(1) Seldom ______ any apology when mistakes are made. A. we receive B. do we receive C. we received D. did we receive
(2) Seldom ______ an article that was so full of lies.A. have I read B. I have read C. had I read D. I had read
4. hardly / scarcely置于句首时倒装(与一般疑问句形式相同)。
Hardly ______ Edinburgh than they were ordered to return to London.
A. had they reached
B. they had reached
C. have the reached
D. they have reached
5. no sooner等置于句首时的倒装，其后习惯上要用倒装语序(与一般疑问句形式相同)。
(1) —Did Linda see the traffic accident?—No, no sooner _______ than it happened.
A. had she gone
B. she had gone
C. has she gone
D. she has gone
(2) No sooner ______ mowing the lawn than it started raining.
A. have I started
B. I have started
C. had I started
D. I had started
6. nowhere置于句首时的倒装，其后习惯上要用倒装语序(与一般疑问句形式相同)。
Maybe you have been to many countries, but nowhere else _____such a beautiful place.
A. can you find
B. you could find
C. you can find
D. could you find
7. by no means等置于句首时的倒装当表示否定意义的副词性短语by no means, on no accounts, in no case, at no time等置于句首时，其后习惯上要用倒装语序(与一般疑问句形式相同)。
I’ve tried very hard to improve my English. But by no means ______ with my progress.
A. the teacher is not satisfied
B. is the teacher not satisfied
C. the teacher is satisfied
D. is the teacher satisfied
8. not only置于句首时的倒装，其后习惯上要用倒装语序(与一般疑问句形式相同)。
_____ snacks and drinks but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest.
A. Not only they brought
B. Not only did they bring
C. Not only brought they
D. Not only they did bring
9. not until置于句首时的倒装
当not…until句式转换成not until且置于句首时，其后的主句部分习惯上要用倒装语序(与一般疑问句形式相同)。
Not until I began to work _____ how much time I had wasted.A. didn't I realize B. did I realize C. I didn't realize D. I realized 10. “only+状语”置于句首时的倒装，其后习惯上要用倒装语序(与一般疑问句形式相同)。
(1) Only then ______ how much damage had been caused.
A. she realized
B. she had realized
C. had she realized
D. did she realize
(2) _____ by keeping down costs will Power Data hold its advantage over other companies.
A. Only
B. Just
C. Still
D. Yet
11. “so+形容词”置于句首时的倒装
当so…that句式的“so+形容词”部分置于句首时，其后习惯上要用倒装语序(与一般疑问句形式相同)。
(1) ______ that Maric was able to set up new branches elsewhere. A. So successful her business was
B. So successful was her business
C. So her business was successful
D. So was her successful business
(2) So difficult ______ it to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for advice.
A. I did find
B. did I find
C. I have found
D. have I found
12. 考查类似“so do I”结构的倒装
So do I这类结构表示的是前面提出的某一肯定的情况，后者也同样适用，通常可译为“……也一样”“……也是如此”。
(1) — My room gets very cold at night. — ______.A. So is mine B. So mine is C. So does mine D. So mine does
(2) —It’s burning hot today, isn’t it?—Yes. ______ yesterday. A. So was it B. So it was C. So it is D. So is it
13. 考查类似“nor / neither do I”结构的倒装
nor [neither] do I这类结构表示的是前面提出的某一否定的情况，后者也同样适用，通常可译为“……也一样”“……也是如此”。
If Joe’s wife won’t go to the party, ______. A. he will either B. neither will he C. he neither will D. either he will
强调句、It的用法、省略和插入语
一、强调句（一）强调句句型
1、陈述句的强调句型：It is/ was + 被强调部分（通常是主语、宾语或状语）+ that/ who（当强调主语且主语指人）+ 其它部分。
e.g. It was yesterday that he met Li Ping.
2、一般疑问句的强调句型：同上，只是把is/ was提到it前面。e.g. Was it yesterday that he met Li Ping?
3、特殊疑问句的强调句型：被强调部分（通常是疑问代词或疑问副词）+ is/ was + it + that/ who + 其它部分？
e.g. When and where was it that you were born?
4、强调句例句：针对I met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.句子进行强调。
强调主语：It was I that (who) met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.
强调宾语：It was Li Ming that I met at the railway station yesterday.
强调地点状语：It was at the railway station that I met Li Ming yesterday.
强调时间状语：It was yesterday that I met Li Ming at the railway station.
5、注意：构成强调句的it本身没有词义；强调句中的连接词一般只用that, who，即使在强调时间状语和地点状语时也如此，that, who不可省略；强调句中的时态只用两种，一般现在时和一般过去时。原句谓语动词是一般过去时、过去完成时和过去进行时，用It was … ，其余的时态用It is … 。
（二）not … until … 句型的强调句
1、句型为：It is/ was not until + 被强调部分+ that + 其它部分
e.g. 普通句：He didn’t go to bed until/ till his wife came back.强调句：It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed.
2、注意：此句型只用until，不用till。但如果不是强调句型，till, until可通用；因为句型中It is/ was not … 已经是否定句了，that 后面的从句要用肯定句，切勿再用否定句了。
（三）谓语动词的强调1、It is/ was … that … 结构不能强调谓语，如果需要强调谓语时，用助动词do/ does或did。
e.g. Do sit down. 务必请坐。He did write to you last week. 上周他确实给你写了信。
Do be careful when you cross the street. 过马路时，务必（千万）要小心啊！
2、注意：此种强调只用do/ does和did ，没有别的形式；过去时用did ，后面的谓语动词用原形。
二、It的用法（一）作人称代词1、it代替前面（或后面）的单数名词或分句等所表示的事物。
e.g. You cannot eat your cake but have it.（it代替前面的cake）
Although we cannot see it, there is air all around us. （it代替后面的air）
They say he has left town, but I don’t believe it. （it代替前面They…town分句中的情况
2、代替有生命但不能或不必分阴阳性的东西（包括婴儿）。e.g. Yesterday we saw a big tree. It was fully twenty metres high. （it代替前面的tree）The baby cried because it was hungry. （it代替前面的baby）
3、在某些习惯说法中，可以代替人。
e.g. -- Someone is knocking at the door, Peter. -- Who is it? -- It’s me.-- Who are singing? -- It is the children.-- The light is still on in the lab. It must be the third-year students doing the experiment.
4、it与one的区别：这两个词都可以代表前面说过的名词，但it用于同名同物的场合；one则用于同名异物的场合。
e.g. ---- Do you still have the bicycle? ---- No, I have sold it.
---- Is this knife yours? ---- No. It is Xiao Zhang’s. Mine is the one on the desk.
5、it与that的区别：两词都可代替某一特定名词，但that指同一类，并非同一个。
e.g. The climate of South China is mild（温和的）; I like it very much.（it指the climate of South China）
The climate of South China is much better than that of Japan.（that指the climate）
（二）作无人称代词
it作无人称代词时，除了句中找不到它所代表的词语外，另一个特点是它后面的内容都是表示天气、时间、距离、度量衡及情况等。It is fine (rainy, windy, etc.).It is noon.It is a half hour’s walk to the factory.
It is eighteen square metres in area.What does it matter?
（三）作强调词，构成强调结构用以帮助改变句子结构，使句子的某一成分受到强调。“It is (was) + 所强调的成分+ that (who) + 其它成分。”在这个句型中，it本身没有词义。详见“一、强调句”。
（四）引导词it作形式主语（宾语）为了使句子平衡，常采用形式主语（或宾语）it ，而把真正的主语（或宾语）置于句子后面。通常引导词it与它所代替的句子成分中间要夹有某些词。
e.g. It takes half an hour to go there on foot.（It与to go there on foot之间夹有takes half an hour四个词）
We thought it strange that Mr Smith did not come last night. （it与that从句中间夹有strange）
但有时it与所替代部分之间并不夹有其它词。e.g. You may depend on it that they will support you.（因为介词on之后一般不直接接that引导的宾语从句。注意：it不是多余的，不能当作错句）
定语从句易错题小汇1. All of the flowers now raised here have developed from those _______ in the forest.
A. once they grew
B. they grew once
C. they once grew
D. once grew
2. In the office I never seem to have time until after 5:30 pm, _____ many people have gone home.
A. that
B. which
C. whose time
D. by which time
3. Is this the reason _______ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?
A. he explained
B. what he explained
C. how he explained
D. why he explained
4. Luckily, we’d brought a road map without ______ we would have lost our way. A. it B. thatC. this D. which
5. When he was working there he caught a serious illness from ____ efforts he still suffers. A. whichB. that C. whose D. what
6. It’s said that he’s looking for a new job, one ______ he can get more money to support his family.
A. when
B. where
C. that
D. which
7. We are living in an age ______ many things are done on computer. A. which B. that C. whose D. when
8. The little time we have t ogether we’ll try _____ wisely.A. spending it B. to spend it C. to spend D. spending that
9. The old building, behind _______ was a famous church, was _______ we used to work.
A. that, the place
B. it, the place
C. which, where
D. what, where
10. We will be shown around the city: schools, museums, and some other places, _______ other visitors seldom go.
A. what
B. which
C. where
D. when
11. The modern history of Italy dates from 1860, ______ the country became united. A. when B. ifC. since D. until
12. All of the flowers now raised here have developed from those _____ in the forest.
A. once they grew
B. they grew once
C. that once grew
D. once grew
13. You could see the runners very well from ______ we stood.A. which B. whereC. that D. when
14. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, _______ was very reasonable.
A. which price
B. the price of which
C. its price
D. the price of whose
15. What have you got _____ will help a cold? A. what B. thatC. it D. who
16. He was very angry and I can still remember the way _____ he spoke to me.A. how B. thatC. what D. which
17. Do you know the man from ________ house the pictures were stolen?A. which B. thatC. what D. whose
18. I can think of many cases _______ students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldn’t writ e a good essay.A. why B. whichC. as D. where
19. Is this all that you need? If you married me, I’d give you everything you _____.
A. want
B. wanted
C. had wanted
D. are wanting
20. I met the teacher in the street yesterday ________ taught me English three years ago.
A. which
B. when
C. where
D. who
21. He’s got himself into a dangerous situation _____ he is likely to lose control over the plane.
A. where
B. which
C. while
D. why
22. He made another wonderful discovery, ______ of great importance to science.
A. which I think is
B. which I think it is
C. which I think it
D. I think is
23. Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, ____, of course, made the others unhappy.
A. who
B. which
C. this
D. what
24. Their problem today is somewhat similar to _____ they faced many years ago. A. that B. which C. that which D. it
25. I saw some trees the leaves of _____ were black with disease. A. that B. which C. it D. what
26. The famous basketballer, _______ tried to make a comeback, attracted a lot of attention.
A. where
B. when
C. which
D. who
27. When they went into the shop and asked to look at the engagement rings, the girl brought out a cheaper one, _______ she had arranged with James.A. the which was what B. what was thatC. which was what D. that was that
强调句、It的用法、省略和插入语【答案】
1. 选C。先行词是those，可视为those flowers 之省略。they once grew 前省略了关系代词which。全句意为：这儿所养的花是由他们曾在森林里种植的花培养出来的。
2. 选D。by which time 引出的是一个非限制性定语从句，其中by which time 相当于and by that time。
3. 选A。注意不能选D，因为动词explained 缺宾语。
4. 选D。which 指the road map。
5. 选C。from whose efforts he still suffers 为修饰a serious illness 的定语从句，whose 在定语从句中用作定语，修饰efforts。
6. 选B。where 引导定语从句修饰one。注：one 在此指 a new job。类似地，下面一题的答案是C，因为one that 相当于 a problem that：The problem is _____ has caused us a lot of trouble. A. one B. thatC. one that D. that one
7. 选D。先行词是表时间的age(时代)，由于关系词在定语从句中作状语，故用when。
8. 选C。该句的正常词序为We will try to spend the little time we have together wisely.
9. 选C。第一空填which，指the old building；第二空填where，用以引导表语从句。
10. 选C。先行词是地点名词places，由于关系词在定语从句中作状语，故用where。
11. 选A。when 引导的是非限制性定语从句。12. 选C。that once grew in the forest 为修饰those 的定语从句。
13. 选B。where 在此相当于the place wher14. 选B。the price of which was very reasonable 为非限制性定语从句，其中的the price of which 相当于and its price 或and the price of it。假若空格前有并列连词and，则可选C。
15. 选B。that will help a cold 为修饰what 的定语从句。比较：Have you got anything that will help a cold? 以及I’ve got nothing that will help a cold.
16. 选B。the way 后不接how 引导的从句，换句说，how 不是关系代词或关系副词，不能引导定语从句。以the way 为先行词的定语从句通常用that 或in which 来引导，在非正式文体中也可省略that 和in which。
17. 选D。from whose house the pictures were stolen 为修饰the man 的定语从句，whose 在定语从句中用作定语，修饰house。18. 选D。先行词是many cases，关系副词where =in which。
19. 选A。尽管句中用了if you married me, I’d give you everything 这样的虚拟语气句子，但修饰everything 的定语从句(that) you want 却要用陈述语语气，因为它是回答前面Is this all that you need? 这一提问的。
20. 选D。因定语从句缺主语，且关系代词指人，故选D。21. 选A。where 所引导的为修饰 a dangerous situation 的定语从句。
22. 选A。选项中的I think 是插入语，若略去不看便可清楚地看出答案。
23. 选B。of course 为插入语，若将项其去掉，则答案显然是B。24. 选C。that which相当于the problem which。
25. 选B。the leaves of which 相当于whose leaves。
26. 选D。先行词是The famous basketballer(著名的篮球明星)，故要用who 来引导定语从句，因为其余三项均不用于指人。
27. 选C。which 引导一个非限制性定语从句，其中which 指代 a cheaper one，且在定语从句中用作主语。which was what 中的what引导一个表语从句，它相当于the one that。
定语从句与强调句1. The factory was built in a secret place, around _________ high mountains.
A. which was
B. it was
C. which were
D. them were
【陷阱】容易误选A或B，将A、B中的which 和it 误认为是其后句子的主语。
【分析】最佳答案是C，around which were high mountains 是一个由“介词+which”引出的非限制性定语从句，而在该从句中，主语是high mountains，around which 是表语，所以句子谓语应用复数were，而不是用单数was。
(1) Yesterday we visited a modern hospital, around ___ some fruit shops.A. which is B. it is C. which are D. them are
(2) The murder happened in an old building, beside ______ the city police station.A. which are B. it is C. which is D. them are
(3) Next month we’ll move to a new building, next to _____ a nice restaurants where we can have Chinese food.
A. which are
B. it is
C. which is
D. them are
2. A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there a hospital around ______ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand”A. that B. which C. where D. what
【陷阱】容易误选B，认为around 是介词，选which 用以代替前面的名词hospital，在此用作介词around 的宾语。
【分析】最佳答案为C。以上语法分析并不算错，但问题是，照此分析，此句的意思即为：有没有这样一个医院，我在它的附近可以买药治我的手伤？这样的语境显然有点不合情理，因为人们通常是在医院里面治伤，而不是在医院附近治伤。此题选 C 的理由是：句中的around 不是介词，而是副词，意为“在附近”；其后的where 引导定语从句用以修饰其前的地点名词hospital，句意为：附近有没有一家医院，我可以去治我的手伤？
3. David is such a good boy _________ all the teachers like.A. that B. who C. as D. whom
【陷阱】此题容易误选A，许多同学一看到题干中的such，再联系到选项中的that，便认为这是考查such … that …句式。况且，这样理解意思也还通顺。【分析】最佳答案为C，不是A，因为在such … that … (如此……以至……)结构中，that 引导的是结果状语从句，并且that 在从句中不充当句子成分，若在上句填入such … that …，句末的动词like 缺宾语。选C的理由如下：as 用作关系代词，用以引导定语从句，修饰其前的名词boy，同时as 在定语从句中用作动词like 的宾语，句意为“所有老师都喜欢的一位好男孩”。有的同学可能还会问，假若选A，能否将其后的that 视为引导定语从句的关系代词呢？不能，因为当先行词受到such 的修饰时，其后的定语从句应用关系代词as 来引导，而不用that。比较下面一题，答案为A，因为like 后有自己的宾语him：David is such a good boy _________ all the teachers like him.A. that B. who C. as D. whom
It was not such a good dinner _________ she had promised us.A. like B. that C. which D. as
4. The buses, most of _________ were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd.
A. that
B. it
C. them
D. which【陷阱】容易误选C，用them 代指the buses。
most of which were already full 为非限制性定语从句，修饰the buses。
(1) His house, for _________ he paid $10, 000, is now worth $50, 000.A. that B. it C. them D. which
(2) Ashdow n forest, through _________ we’ll be driving, isn’t a forest any longer.A. that B. it C. them D. which
(3) This I did at nine o’clock, after _________ I sat reading the paper.A. that B. it C. them D. which
(4) George, with _________ I played tennis on Sundays, was a warm-hearted person.A. that B. him C. them D. whom
(5) Her sons, both of _________ work abroad, will come back home this summer.A. that B. who C. them D. whom
(6) I met the fruit-pickers, several of _________ were still university students.A. that B. who C. them D. whom
5. He had a lot of friends, only a few of _________ invited to his wedding.A. whom B. them C. which D. who
【陷阱】容易误选A，认为这是非限制性定语从句。
【分析】最佳答案是B，这不是非限制性定语从句，而是一个独立主格结构，因为空格后的动词invited 并不是一个完整的谓语，而是一个过去分词。当然，假若在invited 前加上助动词were，则是一个非限制性定语从句，答案便应选A。比较：
(1) They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _________ carried out in their work.
A. which
B. them
C. what
D. that none of them carried out in their work 是独立主格结构，其中的carried out 为过去分词
(2) They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _________ were carried out in their work.
A. which
B. them
C. what
D. that
none of them were carried out in their work 是非限制性定语从句，注意与上例比较句中多了一个助动词were。
(3) They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, but none of _________ were carried out in their work.
A. which
B. them
C. what
D. that由于两句之间增加了一个并列连词but，使得该句成了一个并列句。
6. On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _________ parents seated together joking.
A. their
B. whose
C. which
D. that
【陷阱】容易误选B，认为这是非限制性定语从句。与上面一题相似，their parents seated together joking 不是非限制性定语从句，而是一个独立主格结构，因为空格后的动词seated 不是谓语，而是一个过去分词，因为seat 作动词用时，是及物动词。比较以下相似题：
(1) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, ______ parents were seated together joking.A. their B. whose
C. which
D. that选B。whose parents were seated together joking 为非限制性定语从句，因为其后有完整的谓语were seated。
(2) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, and _________ parents were seated together joking.A. their
B. whose
C. which
D. that选A。因为句中有并列连词and，整个句子为并列句。
(3) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _________ parents sitting together joking.
A. their
B. whose
C. which
D. that选A。their parents sitting together joking 为独立主格结构。
(4) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _________ parents sat together joking.
A. their
B. whose
C. which
D. that whose parents sat together joking 为非限制性定语从句，因为句中有完整的谓语sat。
(5) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _________ parents were sitting together joking.
A.their
B. whose
C. which
D. that whose parents were sitting together joking 为非限制性定语从句，因为句中有完整的谓语
were sitting。
7. If the man is only interested in your looks, _________ just shows how shallow he is.A. as B. which C. what D. that
【陷阱】容易误选A或B，误这是非限制性定语从句。注意逗号前是一个条件状语从句，逗号后是该状语从句的主句，that 在此代表前文所述的情况，用作主句的主语。
(1) If you promise to go with us, _________ will be OK.A. as B. which C. and it D. that
(2) If you want a double room, _________ will cost another ￡15.A. as B. which C. what D. that
(3) Whether you go or not, _________ is quite all right with me.A. that B. which C. and it D. so
(4) When I say two hours, _________ includes time for eating.A. as B. which C. what D. that
易混淆的形容词和副词形容词用来修饰名词；副词用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子。可是，有时形容词和副词容易混淆。例如“A fast train reached the destination fast”中的第一个“fast”是形容词，第二个就是副词。此外，有些词既能是形容词，也能是副词，有些词义不变，另些词义不同；有些形容词加上后缀“-ly”构成的副词和原来的形容词意思相近，但有一些意义则相差甚远；更有些形容词，除自己本身能兼而充当副词之外，又可以再加上后缀“-ly”构成派生副词，若不小心，容易引起混淆。
⑴可作形容词又可作副词，词义不同如：①a. Joelle is a pretty child.（形容词） b. Tom will be back pretty soon.（副词）
②a. The old man has been ill for some time.（形容词） b. Don’t speak ill of others.（副词）
⑵既是形容词，也是副词，句子中的语法功能不同，但意义一样，如：
③a. What a deep ocean it is !（深的） b. The boy dug deep into the ground.（深）
④a. Look at the high mountain!（高的） b. Birds fly high in the sky.（高）
⑶形容词可以充当副词，又可以加上后缀，构成派生副词。在某些场合，两者相近，可以通用（如例⑤和⑥）；在另一些场合里，两者意思有异，不可混为一谈（如例⑦和⑧）：
⑤a. Hold it tight，please! b. Hold it tightly，please! ⑥a. Please read slower. b. Please read more slowly.
⑦a. John came late yesterday.（迟） b. John has been working hard lately.（最近）
⑧a. Jason works hard.（努力地） b. Susan hardly works.（几乎不）
⑷有些形容词或副词，同时有多个意思，如：⑨a. Hard labour（苦工） b. Hard times（艰难时代）
⑩a. The baby is fast asleep.（睡得熟） b. Run fast，please!（请快跑） c. Hold the rope fast!（紧握绳索）
⑸同词根的派生形容词和形容词及分词间，意思虽甚接近，但容易引起混乱，如：
11 a.The child is sleepy.昏昏欲睡b. The child is still asleep.还在睡眠中c. Why are you looking at the sleeping child?睡着的
12 a. Diana feels lonely/ lonesome in the big house.（感到寂寞） b. Mary was alone in the office last night.（独自）
13a. Irene was awake the whole night last night.（整夜未眠） b. Tom had a wakeful night last night.（整夜未眠）
c. What did you do during your waking hours last night?（醒着的时刻）
(a)和(b)意思相近，但(a)的awake 只能作补足语；(b)的wakeful 则没有这个局限。(c)里的waking 现在分词和(a)及(b)的两个形容词也似同非同，不易随意取代。
动词精练1、Do you know the boy _______ under the big tree?A. lay B. lain C. laying D. lying
2. －What do you think of the book?－Oh, excellent. It’s worth ______ a second time.
A. to read
B. to be read
C. reading
D. being reading
3. Go on _______ the other exercise after you have finished this one.A. to do B. doing C. with D. to be doing
4. There was a terrible noise___ the sudden burst of light.
A. followed
B. following
C. to be followed
D. being followed
5. If it is fine tomorrow, we ______ a football match.A. have B. will have C. has D. shall has
6. When he was at school, he ______ early and take a walk before breakfast.
A. will rise
B. shall rise
C. should rise
D. would rise
7. In the past 30 years China ______ great advances in the socialist revolution and socialist construction.
A. has made
B. have made
C. had made
D. having made
8. I ______ go to bed until I ______ finished my work.A. don’t/had B. didn’t/have C. didn’t/had D. don’t/have
9. Mary is very late, she__.A.may miss her train B. may have missed her trainC. must miss her trainD. could miss her train 10. Most of the artists _______ to the party were from South Africa.
A. invited
B. to invite
C. being invited
D. had been invited
11.“What did you do in the garden?”“I watched m y father___his motorbike.”
A. to repair
B. repaired
C. repairing
D. repairs
12. I don’t allow ______ in my office and I don’t allow my family ______ at all.
A.tosmoke…smoking
B.smoking…tosmoke
C.tosmoke…tosmoke
D.smoking…smoking
13. _____ more attention, the trees could have grown better. A. Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having given
14. European football is played in 80 countries, _____ it the most popular sport in the world.
A. making
B. make
C. made
D. to make
15. The Olympic Games, ____ in 776 B. C., did not include women players until 1912.
A. first playing
B. to be first played
C. first played
D. to be first playing
16. He was a good runner so he ______ escape from the police.A. might B. succeeded to C. would D. was able to
17.I hoped_____my letter.A.her to answer B. that she would answerC. that she answers D. her answering
18. The dictionary _____ me fifty dollars.A. spent B. paid C. cost D. costed
19. －I’m sorry for _______ in time.—That’s all right.
A. getting it not done
B. not getting it done
C. getting not it done
D. getting not to do it
20. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _______.
A. not to
B. not to do
C. not do it
D. do not to
答案1. D lying是lie的现在分词，在句中作后置定语。2. C “It is worth doing”是固定结构，意思是“干… …是值得的”。
3. A A项表示继续做与原来不同的事，B和C均表示继续做与原来相同的事。
4. B 句中的have是使役动词，故”have sth. done”是常用结构，意思是“让别人去干某事”，或“某人让别人去干”。
5－9 BDACB 10. A 分词短语作定语时，应放在被修饰的名词后，相当于一个定语从句：Most of the artists who were invited to the party were from South Africa.11－12 CD
13. A 分词短语作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致。该分词的逻辑主语是the trees，与动词give含有动宾关系，因而用过去分词given表示被动，Give more attention这个条件状语相当于状语从句If they had been given more attention。
14. A making是现在分词用作状语，表示伴随情况或做补充说明。B和C属语法错误。D项是不定式，可作目的状语，但目的状语前通常不能用逗号。
15. C 本题考查分词作定语的用法。The Olympic Games与play之间是被动关系，所以应首先排除A和D。而B项是不定式的被动形式，表示将来的动作，故也应排除。此句可理解为：The Olympic Games, which was first played in 776 B. C., did not include women players until 1912. 16－19 DBCB
20. A 需要重复不定式的内容时，要把to后面的动词及其宾语省略掉。又如：Mary wanted to use my bike, but I asked her not to. 动词时态专练1. —Does Li Ping serve in the army? —No, but he ________ in the army for five years.
A. served
B. has served
C. is serving
D. would serve
2. —I’m sorry; I shouldn’t have been so rude to you. —You ________ your temper but that’s OK.
A. have lost
B. had lost
C. did lose
D. were losing
3. —You must have met him the other day. —Oh, no, I ________. A. hadn’t B. mustn’t C. haven’t D. didn’t
4. —Will you go to the park now? —Not until I ________ my physics exercises.
A. will finish
B. have finished
C. will have finished
D. had finished
5. —Did you enjoy the film? —Yes, it’s the be st one I ________ these years. A. hadB. have hadC. had had D. would have
6. —Do you know if the foottball game has started yet?—Started? It must be certain who ________ by now.
A. is winning
B. wins
C. has won
D. would win
7. —Sorry. I ________ to post the letter for you. —Never mind. ________ it myself after school.
A. forget; I’d rather post
B. forgot; I’ll post
C. forgot; I’m going to pos t
D. forget; I’d better post
8. —Jim came back home last night. —Really? Where ________ at all?
A. had he been
B. has he been
C. had he gone
D. has he gone
9. Unfortunately, when I dropped in, Professor Johnson ________, so we only had time for a few words.
A. has just left
B. had just left
C. just left
D. was just leaving
10. —Brandon, do you know who wanted me on the phone?—Sorry. I don’t know. I ________ a bath in the bathroom.
A. have had
B. was having
C. had
D. am having
11. —Did you find the missing couple in the mountain yesterday?—No, but we ________ to get in touch with them ever since.
A. have tried
B. have been trying
C. had tried
D. had been trying
12. —Could you tell me how your mother usually goes to work?—Yes. If it is fine, she ________ to her office.
A. will walk
B. will go on foot
C. walks
D. would go on foot
13. —What place is it? —Haven’t you seen that we ________ back where we ________ ?
A. were；had been
B. are；were
C. were；have been
D. are；had been
14. —I’m sorry, but the boss isn’t here yet. Shall I have him call you when he comes back?
—No, I’ll call him back. If I call again in half an hour, do you think she ________ ?
A. had arrived
B. has arrived
C. will arrive
D. will have arrived
15. As I ___ the next day, I ____ to bed early that evening.
A. left; went
B. am leaving; go
C. was to leave; went
D. had left; went
答案1. A 由答语No可知他现在不在部队服役，是以前“服过役”，故用一般过去时。千万不要被时时状语for three years所迷惑，而错选答案B。2. C上句“我本不该对你那么无礼”是对过去情况的自责；答语“你当时的确很生气”，用一般过去时，did在lose前表示强调。3. D 问句是对过去情况的猜测，所以答句用一般过去时。I didn’t是I didn’t meet him the other day. 的省略。
4. B 因为在时间状语从句中要用一般现在时代替一般将来时；若强调从句动作发生在主句动作之前时，用现在完成时代替将来完成时，本题属后一种情况。
5. B因为these years是包括现在在内的，通常与现在完成时连用。
6. A 由语境可知答语的意思是“哪队要赢都会很清楚了”，用现在进行时表示将来。
7. B由道歉可知，当时“忘记”帮对方寄信了，forget应发生在过去；“放学后自己去寄”是临时的决定，只能用will而不能用表示计划或打算的be going to。8. A 因came是过去时，而问的是Tom回来之前去哪里了，即“过去的过去”，用过去完成时；have been…去过某地(已回来)，have been…到某地去了(没回来)。
9. D从“我们只谈了几句话”可知，当我们去拜访时，Professor Smith“正要”离开，D是过去进行时表示过去将来时。
10. B从wanted是过去式，可知打电话发生在过去；当有人打电话来时，“我”正在冲凉，所以用过去进行时。
11. B 由ever since和but 可知，自那时起到现在一直在设法与他们取得联系，所以用现在完成进行时。12. C从问句的usually goes to work可知是问通常的情况，其回答也应该是指通常的情况，因此要用一般现在时。
13. B句意是“难道你没有看到我们现在又回到了我们原来所在的地方吗？”
14. D一般将来时表示将要发生的动作，而将来完成时表示将来某个时间之前已经发生或完成的动作。根据语境可知是强调将来的结果，应用将来完成时。
15. C由that evening可知主句用过去时；由the next day可知从句用过去将来时。“be to + 动词原形”表示将来。
非谓语动词解题“五步骤”：“牢记核心意义--分析句子成分—寻找逻辑主语，把握主被动关系—了解时间关系—分析特殊情况”。在做题过程中通过以上五个步骤而逐步排除干扰项，很快就可以找准答案。此“五步骤”的具体内容如下：
1、牢记核心意义。不定式表将来或能够，动词ing形式表主动或进行，过去分词表被动或完成。
2、分析句子成分。非谓语动词在句中可充当主语、宾语、定语、表语、补语以及状语。
3、寻找逻辑主语，把握主被动关系。非谓语动词虽然在语法上没有主语，但它仍表示的是动作，因此在意义上会有一个动作的发出者，这个发出者就是它的逻辑主语。作主语补足语，表语和状语时，逻辑主语为句子的主语；作宾语补足语，逻辑主语为宾语；作定语，逻辑主语是所修饰的先行词；复合结构自带逻辑主语。如果非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的是主动关系，用现在分词或不定式的主动式，如果是被动关系，则用过去分词或不定式的被动式，如果表被动进行，则用现在分词的被动式或不定式的被动进行式。
4、了解时间关系。如果非谓语动词与句子的谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，用一般式；如果发生在之前，则用完成式，如果强调正在进行，则用进行时；如果动作在将来发生，则用不定式。
5、分析特殊情况。主要是指一些习惯用法，固定搭配等。
①____ that she was going off to sleep, I ask ed if she’d like that little doll on her bed.
A. Seeing
B. To see
C. See
D. Seen
【分析】非谓语动词see构成的短语与句子的主语I即其逻辑主语之间是主动关系，用在句首，中间与句子用逗号分开，表示伴随情况，用作伴随状语，因此用现在分词。
②I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good ____.
A. to be breathed
B. to breathe
C. breathing
D. being breathed
【分析】在主系表结构中，当表语形容词为good, light,heavy, difficult等时，其后常用不定式作状语，表示时间，原因，结果等，且常用主动形式表示被动意义，因此选B。此处为特殊情况。
③----Did the book give the information you needed?
----Yes. But ____ it, I had to read the entire book.
A. to find
B. find
C.to be finding
D. finding
【解题】非谓语动词短语与主句之间用逗号隔开，作状语。根据句意：为了找到需要的信息，我不得不看完整本书的内容，表示目的。不定式常在句首作目的状语，且此处不表示动作正在进行，因此用一般式，选A。
④—Is Bob still performing?
—I'm afraid not. He is said____ the stage already as he has become an official
A. to have left
B. to leave
C. to have been left
D. to be left
【解题分析】非谓语动词leave作主语he的补足语；逻辑主语是“he”，与动词“leave”为主动关系，因此可排除C、D两项；根据句意，强调主语“he”在“is said”之前已经离开了舞台，故应该用完成式，可排除B项，正确答案A。
⑤____ from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world.
A. Being separated
B. Having separated
C. Having been separated
D. To be separated
【解题分析】非谓语动词在句中作状语；逻辑主语是“Australia”，与动词“separate”为被动关系，排除B项；“separate”是主句谓语动词所表示的动作发生的原因，发生在之前，所以要用完成式，A、D项可排除，正确答案C。
⑥_____ automatically the e-mail will be received by all the club members.
A. Mailed out
B. Mailing out
C. To be mailed out
D. Having mailed out【解题】非谓语动词作方式状语，排除C项（不定式表目的）；逻辑主语“the e-mail”与动词“mail”为被动关系，排除B项和D项，正确答案A。
⑦While watching television, ____.
A. the doorbell rang
B. the doorbell rings
C. we heard the doorbell ring
D. we heard the doorbell rings
【解题】此题需要逆向思维：根据已知的非谓语动词来判断正确的主句。非谓语动词短语作状语，“watching”的逻辑主语只能是“we”而不可能是“the doorbell”，即可排除A和B项；ring作宾语补足语不能用单数第三人称，正确答案C。
⑧It’s necessary to be prepared for a job interview. ____ the answers ready will be of great help.
A. To have had
B. Having had
C. Have
D. Having【解题】非谓语动词在句中作“will be of”的主语，排除C项；该动词在此处表示一种普遍行为，用动名词表示，排除A；A项和B项表示动词已经发生，不合句意，可排除。正确答案D。
⑨After he became conscious, he remembered _______ and ________ on the head with a rod.
A. to attack; hit
B. to be attacked; to be hit
C. attacking; be hit
D. having been attacked; hit
【解题】特殊情况：“remember”接动名词的一般式或完成式均表示“记得已经发生过的事”，答案应选D。
⑩— There is a story here in the paper about a 110-year-old man.
— My goodness! I can’t imagine _____ that old. A. to be B. to have been C. being D. having been【解题】固定搭配：“imagine”后只接动名词作宾语，排除A、B两项；此处非谓语动词表示未发生的动作，故排除D项，正确答案C。
1. ____ their hats into the air, the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory.(08天津)
A. To throw
B. Thrown
C. Throwing
D. Being throwing
2. ____ in the fields on a March afternoon, he could feel the warmth of spring.（08安徽）
A. To walk
B. Walking
C. Walded
D. Having walked
3. I hear th ey’ve promoted Tom, but he didn’t mention ____ when we talked on the phone.(08江西)
A. to promote
B. having been promoted
C. having promoted
D. to be promoted
4. The message is very important, so it is supposed ____ as soon as possible.(08陕西)
A. to be sent
B. to send
C. being sent
D. sending
5. ____ around the Water Cube, we wre then taken to see the Bird’s Nest for the 2008 Olympic Games. (08陕西)A.Having shown B. To be shown C. Having been shown D. to show
6. We had an anxious couple of weeks ____for the results of the experiment.(08四川).
A. wait
B. to be waiting
C. waited
D. waiting
7. ____ to reach them on the phone, we sent an email instead.(08重庆)
A. Fail
B. Failed
C. To fail
D. Having failed
8. It is one of the funniest things ____ on the Internet so far this year.（08浙江）
A. finding
B. being found
C. to find
D. found
9. ____ in the queue for half an hour, the old man suddenly realized he had left the cheque in the car.(08福建) A.
Waiting B.To wait C. Having waited D. To have waited
10.----Can those ____at the back of the classroom hear me?-----No problem.（08福建）
A. seat
B. sit
C. seated
D. sat
11.He was busy writing a story, only _____once in a shile to smoke a cigarette.（08辽宁）
A. to stop
B. stopping
C. to have stopped
D. having stopped
12. Please remain ______; the winner of the prize will be announed soon. （08辽宁）
A. seating
B. seated
C. to seat
D. to be seated
13.----they are quiet, aren’t they? ----yes. They are accustomed ______at meal.（08江苏）
A. to talk
B. to not talk
C. to talking
D. to not talking
14.To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English ______as much as we can.（08江苏）A. speak B. speaking C. spoken D. to speak
15. Lucy’s new job paid twice as much as she had made _____in the r estaurant.(08山东)
A. working
B. work
C. to work
D. worked
Keys: CBBAC; DDDCC; BBDCA
单选题方法点拨和备考指导。一、领悟语境，轻松应对动词各形式考点的考查。
例1 —I just can’t stop worrying about the result of the job interview.
—____. There’s nothi ng you can do now but wait. A. Relax B. Go ahead C. Go for it D. Good luck
例2 —I’m sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final. —I think so. He ______ for it for months.
A. is preparing
B. was preparing
C. had been preparing
D. has been preparing
例3 ___ the project as planned, we’ll have to work two more hours a day.
A Completing
B Complete
C Completed
D to complete
解析：例1，根据语境可知第一个说话者太紧张了，因此第二个人劝对方放松点，耐心等待，故选A。
例2，从对话语境可知，prepare这一动作从过去一直持续到说话的现在，故用现在完成进行时，即have been doing。因此正确答案为D。例3，从句意“为了按计划完成这项工程，我们必须每天多工作两个小时。”不定式to do 在句子中作目的状语。此因正确答案为D。
备考指南：单选题非常强调语境，这就要求同学们在掌握了语法和语言知识点的同时，还要培养在语境中对语言意义的领悟、判断与运用能力。复习时，在单选题方面不要选择做一些很偏、怪的题。在一模考试之前，同学们可以把近几年的高考题看一下。:因为高考题的特点就是覆盖面广，难易适当。具体要做到：注重基本，不钻牛角尖；掌握知识要全面，不盲目；注意语言的功能和使用场景，不死记硬背。
二、理结构定句型，攻破从句考点
例4 I’ll give you y friend’s home address, I can be reached most evenings.
A. which
B. when
C. whom
D. where
例5 Nancy enjoyed herself so much ______ she visited her friends in Sydney last year.
A. that
B. which
C. when
D. where
例6 As his best friend, I can make accurate guesses about _____ he will do or think.
A what
B which
C whom
D that
解析：例4考查定语从句关联词的选择。答案为D。
例5是when 引导的一个时间状语从句，有些同学可能会受到so…that句式的影响，而选that。但so …that 意为“如此……以至于”，与语境不符。故选择C。
例6句中about后面缺少宾语，正确答案为A。
备考指南：在高考英语试题中，对复合句（定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句）的考查年年都有所体现。有点选择题的句子结构复杂，迷惑性大，稍有疏忽，便会受到干扰项的干扰，这时需要仔细分析，弄清句子的结构。为了快捷，准确地理解题意，我们应该去掉句子中的插入语或附加成分，这样就可以迅速地找出句子的主干，理清句子的结构；根据近几年高考的考查重点和趋势，从句类试题可以分为以下几大类：连接词考查类、wh-ever辨析类、从句语序类、强调句整合类等。因此，在做题时，前面审题，在尊重语境的前提下，牢记引导各个从句的从属连词，注意不要忽略从句中可能涉及的省略、倒装、固定句式等相关问题。
三、突破词汇关，让词和短语辨析不再难
例7 There are plenty of jobs ______ in the western part of the country.
A. present
B. available
C. precious
D. convenient
例8 Students are always interested in finding out _______ they can go with a new teacher.
A. how far
B. how soon
C. how often
D. how long
解析：例7考查通过句意选择同类词中恰当的形容词。通过句意及语境可知，正确答案是B。
例8考查通过句意和语境选择how构成的副词短语。How far 多远，表“距离”；how soon 多久以后，表“将来”；how often 多长时间一次，表“频率”；how long 多久，表“时间”。本题正确答案为D。
备考指南：解决词汇问题的一个基本方法也是最重要的方法还是多记忆。词汇量不足是历届考生共同面临的一大问题。所以笔者建议考生必须掌握《考试大纲》规定的词汇，这是参加高考的保底线。词汇复习时要注意全面，要把注意力放在最基本、最常用的词汇上。对于常用的重点单词，特别是动词、形容词、副词以及借此惯用搭配，应放在短语中去记忆，这样就可解决应用问题。另外，复习时要做到词不离短语、词不离句子。除记单词外，学习英语构词法，了解英语词汇的构成特点，也能迅速扩大自己的词汇量。
四、确立句子意识，特殊句式巧处理。
例9 It was in New Zealand ___ Elizabeth first met Mr. Smith.
A. that
B. how
C. which
D. when
例10 Only when I left my parents for Italy how much I loved them.
A. I realized
B. I had realized
C. had I realized
D. did I realize
解析：例9考查强调句的用法。本题所要强调的是地点状语in New Zealand，因此正确答案是A。
例10考查only位于句首主句倒装的用法。正确答案为D。
备考指南：高考英语备考必须十分重视英语学习的知识体系。备考过程不应是对已学知识的简单重复和强化，而应将中学六年所学的零散的、孤立的语言知识有机地结合起来，形成一个完整的知识体系。备考要有广度和一定的深度，但反对题海战术，题不在多，典型就行；题不在难，思考就灵。而且高考单选试题中的特殊句式也是十分常见的。同学们在复习备考时，也要将其列入重要复习清单中。会巧妙的辨别和处理特殊句式。遇到长句、难句时，我们可先简化句子，去掉枝叶，这样才能拨开云雾。其次改变句式结构使之成为学生熟悉的句型。有些句子由于句式特殊，干扰了学生的判断视线和解题思路。如：疑问句、省略句、强调句、被动句等，只有将句式“复原”，答案就很容易找到了。
拓展训练：
1. The trees _____ in the storm have been moved off the road.
A being blown down
B blown down
C blowing down
D to blow down
2.—What’s that noise?—Oh, I forgot to tell you. The new machine_______.
A was tested
B will be tested
C is being tested
D has been tested
3. —Do you mind if I record your lecture?—______. Go ahead.
A Never mind
B No way
C Not at all ＤNo, you’d better not.
4. Many Chinese universities provided scholarships for students ________ financial aid.
A in favor of
B in honor of
C in face of
D in need of
5. For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread out further, ________ New York is an example. [08四川]A for which B in which C of which D from which
6. All people，_______ they are old or young, rich or poor, have been trying their best to help those they in need since the disaster. [08重庆] A even if B whether C no matter D however
7. _______ to reach them on the phone, we sent an email instead. A Fail B Failed C To fail D Having failed
8. It was not until midnight ______ they reached the camp site. A that B when C while D as
9.The lawyer seldom wears anything other than a suit _____ the season.
A whatever
B wherever
C whenever
D however
10 A small car is big enough for a family of three ______ you need more space for baggage.
Ａonce B because C if D unless
巧解单选省略题方法
省略是指在不影响句子意思明了、清楚的前提下，将句子中的某些成分省略掉，从而使所表达的内容更加紧凑和简洁。近年来，许多高考试题为增加其灵活性和考查考生综合运用语言的能力，经常利用省略这一手段来编制试题，或考查考生对省略句的判断和理解，或借省略为干扰考查其他相关知识点，并因此出现了不少同学们望而生畏的难题，本文拟就如何应对这类试题作一分析，并介绍五种攻克省略难题的方法。
一、整句还原法
所谓整句还原法，即指通过分析题干所提供的情景或句子结构，将命题者省略的部分补充完整，然后再根据完整的句子进行分析和答题。如：
1. “What were you trying to prove to the police?”“_____ I was last night.”
A. That
B. When
C. Where
D. What
分析：此题应选C，其余三项均有可能误选。做对此题的关键是要明确答语部分为省略句，若将其补充完整，即为：I was trying to prove to the police where I was last night. 其中where 引导的是一个宾语从句。
(1) “What made her so happy?”“____her son passed the college entrance examinations.”
A. That
B. 不填
C. Since
D. For
此题选A，若将其补充完整，即为：That her son passed the college entrance examinations made her so happy.
(2) “What made you so upset?” “_____ my wallet.”
A. Lost
B. Losing
C. Having lost
D. Being lost
此题选B，若将其补充完整，即为：Losing my wallet made me so upset.
(3) “What did she tell you?” “_____ she would be late”
A. That
B. When
C. Where
D. Whether
此题选A，若将其补充完整，即为：She told me that she would be late.
2. I want to improve my English, but I don’t know _____. What can yo u suggest?
A. when
B. how
C. why
D. where
分析：此题应选B，其余三项均有可能误选，其实此句为省略句，若将此句补充完整，即为：…but I don’t know how to improve my English. 请看以下类似试题：
(1) I think the door is locked, but I’d better go an d make sure it ____.
A. does
B. has
C. was
D. is
答案选D，为…and make sure it is locked 之省略。
(2) Dr Black comes from either Oxford or Cambridge. I can’t remem ber _____. A. where B. there C. which D. that
答案选C，为I can’t remember which city he comes from 之省略。
(3) He didn’t sell half as many computers as he though t he _____.A. had B. was C. would D. sold
答案选C，为He didn’t sell half as many computers as he thought he would sell 之省略。
二、常识语境法
常识语境法指的是，同学们在补充省略成分时要充分考虑句子本身的语境，有时还要结合一定的生活常识和学科常识，即补充完整的句子不仅要符合语法，而且要符合情理。如：
1. “I like you more than her, my dear.” “You mean more than ____love her or more than she loves ____?”
A. you, me
B. she, you
C. I, me
D. I, you
分析：做对此题的关键是要弄清填空句是个省略句，补充完整为You mean that you love me more than you love her or that you love me more than she loves me? 句意为“你是说你爱我胜过你爱她，还是说你爱我胜过她爱我？”，所以答案应选A。若选其他答案，从语法上也是对的，但不合情理。
2. Boris has brains. In fact, I doubt whether anyone in the class has _____IQ.
A. a high
B. a higher
C. the higher
D. the highest
分析：此题答案为B此句实为Boris has brains.In fact,I doubt whether anyone in the class has a higher IQ than him之省略。省略than him后不仅句意仍然清楚，而且显得更为简洁。句意为“……我怀疑班上有没有哪个人比他智商更高”，即“我认为他可能是班上智商最高的”。请再看以下类似的题目(分析理由同上，答案均选A)：
(1) How beautifully she sings! I have never heard _____ voice.A. a better B. a best C. the better D. the best
(2) “I’ve never found _______ job.” “Congratulations.”A. a better B. a best C. the better D. the best
(3) “What do you think of the service here?” “Oh, wonderful. We couldn’t have found _______ place.”
A. a better
B. a best
C. the better
D. the best
(4) How cold it is! We’ve ne ver had ___ day this winter.A. a colder B. a cold C. the coldest D. the colder
三、一致验证法
所谓一致验证法，即指在补充省略成分时，要注意考虑句子结构的前后一致性，此法尤其适合于做因承前省略而拟编的试题。如：1. I think I can fix it tomorrow. If ______, you’ll have to wait till Friday. A. not B. can’t C. don’t D. won’t
分析：答案应选A。if not为if I can’t fix it tomorrow 之省略。其中的if I can’t fix it tomo rrow与前面的I can fix it tomorrow 一致。注意，此题不能选B，因为句子已省略了主语。下面请再看一个类似的例子：
If the weather is f ine, we’ll go. If ___, ____.A. not, not B. no, no C. not, no D. no, not
此题应选A。If not, not. 为If the weather is NOT fine, we will NOT go. 全句意为“如果天气好, 我们就去；如果天气不好，我们就不去”。该句的特点是：后句与前句的用词和句式完全相同, 只是前句为肯定，后句为否定，为了简洁起见, 于是将后句与前句相同部分省略，只保留否定词not。
2. They are different in form but _____ in meaning.A. not B. no C. aren’t D. don’t
分析：答案选A，but not in meaning为but they are not different in meaning 之省略。又如：
(1) In the accident the child was hurt, but the mother _____.
A. killing
B. to kill
C. killed
D. kill
答案选C，but the mother killed 为but the mother was killed 之省略。
(2) The apartment’s fine for two people, but _____.A. no more B. no any C. not more D. not any
答案选C，but not more 为but it is not fine for more than two people 之省略。
四、语法分析法
英语中有些省略是由特定的语法现象造成的，同学们在做题时首先要确定句子的省略涉及什么语法结构或语法现象等，然后再根据相应的语法知识来分析作答。如：
1. “Who has eaten all the cake, Jim?” “Oh, _______ must your two pet dogs.”
A. it
B. they
C. that
D. which
分析：许多同学可能认为此题应选B，因为其后的your two pet dogs为复数。但实际上，此题的最佳答案就是A，不仅涉及强调句型这一考点，而且是其省略形式，此句若补充完整，即为：It must be your pet dogs that have eaten all the cake.
2. If you are planning to spend your money having fun this week, better ______ it—you’ve got some big bills coming. A. forget B. forgot C. forgetting D. to forget
分析：此题最佳答案为A。考查had better后接动词原形的用法。但是考题中将you had better这一结构省略成better，致使许多同学一时看不出来。又如：Better go with him. 最好同他一起去。Better have the operation right now. 你最好还是现在就动手术。
3. “Would you like to come for a walk with me?” “I’d prefer _____, thank you.”
A. not to
B. to not
C. not
D. can’t分析：答案选A，I’d prefer not to 为I’d prefer not to come for a walk 之省略。注意，在该省略结构中，用以代表不定式的to 不宜省去。请看类例：
(1) “Shall I give the dog a chocolate?” “It’s better _____.”
A. not to
B. to not
C. don’t
D. can’t答案选A，为It’s better not to give the dog a chocolate 之省略。注意，不定式的否定式要将not 置于不定式符号to 之前，而不是之后。
(2) I would mend your radio, but I don’t know _____.
A. how
B. to
C. how to
D. to how
答案选C，为but I don’t know how to mend it 之省略。
五、逻辑推断法
有的省略试题难度比较大，不仅涉及语法知识、生活常识等，而且还要求考生根据题干所提供的信息进行逻辑推理。如：1. She’s too thin. She _____ gain some weight but she _____ too little.
A. would, ate
B. will, eats
C. would, eats
D. will, ate
分析：此题有些难度，许多同学不知如何分析。我们先根据题目所提供的选项将句意大致勾出来：她太瘦了。她会增加体重的，但她吃得太少了。根据句首She’s too thin 这一所给信息可知，“她瘦”应是客观事实。按照一般的常识，“吃得少”就会引致“瘦”，“吃得多”就会导致“胖”，由于根据句首的信息，“她瘦”是客观事实，所以她“吃得少”也应是事实，所以第二空应填eats(即用一般现在时表示客观事实)。根据上面的分析：“她瘦”和“她吃得少”均为客观事实，那么“她体重会增加”就应是假设(注意句中的转折连词but)，所以第一空应填would。其实，此句可理解为but前省略了一个条件状语if she ate more (如果她多吃一点的话)。所以，此题最佳答案选C。
2. “Everyone says you are a good student. You never sleep in class, do you?” “_____.”
A. Yes, never
B. Yes, sometimes
C. No, sometimes
D. Oh, really
分析：答案选B，答句是对针对You never sleep in class, do you? 这一问句来回答的，Yes, sometimes 为Yes, I do. Sometimes
I sleep in class 之省略，其意为“不，上课有时睡觉”。若选其余几项，均会导致逻辑不通。请看类例：“You’ve never been to the village, have you?” “____. It is the most beautiful village I’ve ever seen.”A. No, never B. No, I have C. No, only once D. Yes, only once
分析：答案选D，Yes, only once 为Yes, I have. But I’ve been there only once. 之省略，句意为“不，我去过，但只去过一次”。注意句末的It is the most beautiful village I’ve ever seen 表明“我”去过那儿，所以不能选A。
Ⅰ.I read about it in some book or other, does it matter _________ it was?
A. where
B. what
C. how
D. which【分析】此题答案选D，主要与上文的some book or other (某一本书)这一语境有关，全句句意为：“我在某一本书上读到过它，是哪一本书这很重要吗？”请看类例：
(1) “Who told you?” “Oh, somebody or other, I’ve forgotten _________.”
A. what
B. when
C. which
D. who答案选D。句意为：“谁告诉你的？”“噢，有个人，我忘记是哪一个了。”
(2) Some of the students were late for the meeting, but I can’t remember _________.
A. what
B. when
C. which
D. whom最佳答案为C。句意为“有些学生开会迟到了，但我不记得是哪些学生了”。
Ⅱ.“What were you trying to prove to the police?”“_________I was last night.”
A. That
B. When
C. Where
D. What此题应选C，其余三项均有可能误选，答句为省略句，其完整形式为I was trying to prove to the police where I was last night. (where 引导的是一个宾语从句)。
以下类似试题：
(1) “What made her so happy?”“_________ her son passed the college entrance examinations.”
A. That
B. 不填
C. Since
D. For 【分析】此题选A，为That her son passed the college entrance examinations made her so happy. 之省略。
(2) “What made you so upset?” “_________my wallet.”
A. Lost
B. Losing
C. Having lost
D. Being lost【分析】选B为Losing my wallet made me so upset. 之省略。
(3) “What did she tell you?” “_________ she would be late”
A. That
B. When
C. Where
D. Whether【分析】此题选A，为She told me that would be late. 之省略。
(4) “What did he ask you?” “_________ I would be late.”
A. That
B. When
C. Where
D. Whether【分析】此题选D，为He asked me whether I would be late. 之省略。
综合练：
1．“What were you trying to prove to the police?”“_________I was last night.”
A. That
B. When
C. Where
D. What【分析】此题应选C，其余三项均有可能误选，答句为省略句，其完整形式为I was trying to prove to the police where I was last night. (where 引导的是一个宾语从句)。请看以下类似试题：(1) “What made her so happy?”“_________ her son passed the college entrance examinations.”A. That B. 不填 C. Since D. For 【分析】此题选A，为That her son passed the college entrance examinations made her so happy. 之省略。
(2) “What made you so upset?” “_________ my wallet.”
A. Lost
B. Losing
C. Having lost
D. Being lost【分析】此题选B，为Losing my wallet made me so upset. 之省略。
(3) “What did she tell you?” “_________ she would be late”
A. That
B. When
C. Where
D. Whether【分析】此题选A，为She told me that would be late. 之省略。
(4) “What did he ask you?” “_________ I would be late.”
A. That
B. When
C. Where
D. Whether【分析】此题选D，为He asked me whether I would be late. 之省略。
2．If the weather is fine, we’ll go. If _________, _________.
A. not, not
B. no, no
C. not, no
D. no, not【分析】此题应选A。If not, not. 为If the weather is NOT fine, we will NOT go. 全句意为“如果天气好, 我们就去；如果天气不好，我们就不去”。该句的特点是：后句与前句的用词和句式完全相同, 只是前句为肯定，后句为否定，为了简洁起见, 于是将后句与前句相同部分省略，只保留否定词not。又如：
If it is cheap, I’ll buy it. If not, not. 如果这东西便宜，我就买；如果不便宜，我就不买。
If you study hard, you’ll succeed. If not, not. 你若努力，你就会成功；你若不努力，你就不会成功。
If you start at once, you’ll catch the train. If not, not. 你若马上动身，你就会赶上火车；你若不马上动身，你就赶不上火车了。
请再看以下例子(只保留否定词not)。如：
“Can you repair it yourself?” “I am afraid not.” “你自己会修吗?”“恐怕不行。”(=I am afraid I can't repair it myself.)
“Did you know anything about it?” “Not until you told me.” “这事你以前知道吗?”“你告诉我才知道。”(=I didn't know anything about it until you told me.)
“Will it rain today?” “I hope not.” “今天会下雨吗?”“希望不会。”(=I hope it will not rain today.)
3．“She’s not a dancing teacher, is she?” “_________.”
A. Yes, and she isn’t
B. Yes, but she was
C. No, but she isn’t
D. No, but she was
【分析】此题最佳答案为D，可视为No, she is n’t. But she was a dancing teacher. 之省略，即其意为“她现在不是舞蹈教师，但她过去是”。此题也可以是No, but she used to be.
4．“Alice, why didn’t you come yesterday?” “I _______, but I had an unexpected visitor.”
A. had
B. would
C. was going to
D. did
【分析】此题应选C，为I was going to come 之省略，意为“我本来是打算来的”，这与其后but I had an unexpected visitor 的语境刚好吻合。注意不能选would，因为它没有“打算”之意。
5.In some western countries, the rich are becoming richer, and _________.
A. the poor the poor
B. poor poor
C. the poor poorer
D. poorer the poor
【分析】此题应选C。句子后半部分为…a nd the poor are becoming poorer 之省略。句意为“在有些西方国家，富人变得更富，而穷人则变得更穷”。句中的the rich 指“富人”，the poor 指“穷人”。按英语习惯，若前后两句谓语动词相同，则后句通常可承前省略。又如：
He is a teacher and his wife a nurse. 他是老师，他妻子是护士。(...his wife a nurse=...his wife is a nurse)
John won the first race and Mick the second. 约翰赢了第一场比赛,米克赢了第二场比赛。(... and Mick the second = ...and Mick won the second race)
In the accident the son was wounded, but the mother killed. 在事故中，儿子受伤，母亲丧命。(...but the mother killed=...but the mother was killed)
有时若后句的主语和宾语等与前句相同，也可一起省去：
He did it and quite successfully too at the beginning. 他这样做了，而且一开始就很成功。(=He did it and he did it quite successfully too at the beginning.)
6.“Would you like to come for a walk with me?” “I’d prefer _________, thank you.”
A. not to
B. to not
C. not
D. can’t答案选A，I’d prefer not to 为I’d prefer not to come for walk 之省略。注意，在该省略结构中，用以代表不定式的to 不宜省去。请看类例：
(1) “Shall I give the dog a chocolate?” “It’s better _________.”
A. not to
B. to not
C. don’t
D. can’t答案选A，为It’s better not to give the dog a chocolate 之省略。注意，不定式的否定式要将not 置于不定式符号to 之前，而不是之后。
(2) I would mend your radio, but I don’t know _________.
A. how
B. to
C. how to
D. to how答案选C，为but I don’t know how to mend it. 之省略。
(3) Why didn’t you come at eight? You were _________.
A. told
B. told to
C. telling to
D. to tell答案选B，为You were told to come at eight. 之省略。
(4) We should like Jane to get a good degree, but we don’t really expect _________.
A. to
B. her to
C. to her
D. her答案选B，为but we don’t really expect her to get a good degree. 之省略。
单选易错题
1. --- What is the matter with the pen?
--- The ink _______come out.
A. isn’t
B. didn’t
C. don’t
D. won’t
2. He will spend six hours at his desk _______ he finishes his composition.
A. before
B. until
C. after
D. when
3. He took off his coat, _____ all his pockets, but couldn’t find his key.
A. searched
B. searching
C. to search
D. searches
4. Passengers are required to _____ seated until the plane comes to a complete stop.
A. leave
B. get
C. keep
D. remain
5. --- Have you got ready for the meeting?-- Not yet. We need ________.
A. three other chairs
B. other three chairs
C. another three chairs
D. three another chairs
6. --- _______ he come in or wait outside?--- Let him in, please.
A. Shall
B. Will
C. Does
D. Has
7. --- Would you like to join us?--- Sorry, I’m not _______ as any one of you.
A. a so good player
B. a such good player
C. so good a player
D. such good a player
8. Please tell me the way you thought of ______ the garden.
A. take care of
B. to take care of
C. taking care
D. how to take care
9. --- The young man spent as much time as he _______ the experiments.
--- No wonder he succeeded _______.A. did; by the end B. could doing; in the end
C. could doing; at the end
D. could to do; in the end
10. --- His brother studies at No. 1 Middle School.--- ________ my brother and me.
A. So do
B. So does
C. Neither do
D. So it is with
11. The result of the experiment was very good, ______ we hadn’t expected.
A. when
B. that
C. which
D. what
12. --- You are drinking too much.--- Only at home. No one _______ me but you.
A. is seeing
B. had seen
C. sees
D. saw
13. The picture ______ on the wall is painted by my nephew.
A. having hung
B. hanging
C. hangs
D. being hung
14. It was an exciting moment for these football fans this year, ______ for the first time in years
their team won the World Cup.
A. that
B. while
C. which
D. when
15. Sorry I’m late. I ______ have turned off the alarm clock and go ne back to sleep again.
A. might
B. should
C. can
D. will
16. One of the sides of the board should be painted yellow, and _______.
A. the other is white
B. another white
C. the other white
D. another is white
17. _______ some of this juice--- Perhaps you’ll like it.
A. Trying
B. Try
C. To try
D. Have tried
18. If you don’t go, _______ I.
A. so do
B. so will
C. nor do
D. neither shall
19. The kings are still _______ a visit abroad. They won’t be back _____ the end of this month.
A. on; until
B. in; until
C. in; by
D. at; in
20. The ______ look on his face suggested he ______ that.
A. surprising; expect
B. surprising; would expect
C. surprised; hadn’t expected
D. surprised; wouldn’t have expected
21. I’m considering ______ my house ________.
A. to have; rebuilt
B. having; rebuild
C. having; rebuilt
D. having; to be rebuilt
22. I want you to be honest. I hope you feel free to say _____ is on your mind.
A. whatever
B. anything
C. everything
D. that
23. Those children are wild. I feel sorry for _____ has to be their baby-sitter.
A. whom
B. who
C. whoever
D. the one
24. ______ seen such a magnificent city as Beijing.
A. I before never have
B. Never have before I
C. Never before have I
D. Before never have I
25. _______, there would be no air around the earth.
A. There were no gravity
B. There was not any gravity
C. Were there no gravity
D. was there no gravity
26. ________ he seems to know everything.
A. Young as he is, yet
B. Young as he is
C. As he is young, but
D. Though he is young, but
27. The soldier was _____ in the battle.A. injured B. wounded C. hurt D. died
28. Can you _____ the capitals of all the countries? A. call B. name C. tell D. give
29. Failure is the mother of success. ______ your courage and you’ll succeed.
A. Keep off
B. Keep out
C. Keep up
D. Keep on
30. David and Jack, _____so much alike each other, were often considered _____ twin brothers.
A. looking; to be
B. looking; being
C. looked; to be
D. being looked; being
31. ____ that I was a regular visitor, the servant let me in.
A. Having seen
B. Seen
C. Seeing
D. To see
32. Is it in the factory ____ you visited last week ____ this kind of car is made?
A. /; that
B. where; when
C. where; that
D. /;when
33. --- I hear Warren ______ in a middle school.--- What? I can’t imagine him ______ as a teacher.
A. teach; to work
B. teaches; working
C. teaches; to work
D. teach; working
34. _____ doesn’t seem to have been any trouble in solving the problem.
A. It
B. That
C. There
D. He
35. If you had finished your homework yesterday, you _____ home now.
A. will go
B. would go
C. would have gone
D. go
36. John plays football _______, if not better than, David.
A. as well
B. as well as
C. so well
D. so well as
37. Whom would you rather _____ with you, Tom or _______?
A. to go; I
B. have gone; I
C. have go; me
D. go; me
38. _______ very high speed, the rocket rushed into the air and soon disappeared.
A. With
B. By
C. At
D. On
39. _________ in dealing with such a film, you will be sorry.
A. Being caught
B. Caught
C. Having caught
D. catching
40. He has made a wonderful discovery, ________ of great importance to science.
A. which I think is
B. which do I think is
C. I think which is
D. which I think it is
41. --- What made her unhappy?--- ___________ in the last exam.
A. Having failed
B. Fail
C. Failed
D. To fail
42. He expressed his satisfaction with the talks and then _____ that he enjoyed his stay here.
A. added
B. spoke
C. told
D. declared
43. You see so many people here. I think it is hard to make yourself _____.
A. understood
B. heard
C. known
D. accepted
44. Don’t worry, father. I have saved the money ______ for hi s schooling.
A. needs
B. to need
C. needing
D. needed
45. We have produced much more cars this year, ____ is said in the report.
A. as
B. like
C. this
D. that
46. --- Let’s hu rry. The President is coming. --- Oh, I was afraid that we ________.
A. already miss him
B. had already missed him
C. will miss him already
D. have already missed him
47. If you keep on , you'll succeed _____.
A. in time
B. at one time
C. at the same time
D. on time
48. The postman comes at 6:30 in the morning, ____ time I am usually fast asleep.
A. when
B. at which
C. which
D. that
49. --- How long ____ was this? --- It’s been nearly six years now.
A. ago
B. before
C. later
D. partly
50. The article is written _____ that all of us can read it ourselves.
A. in such easy English
B. in so easy English
C. in such an easy English
D. with such easy English
51. --- Hurry up! Don’t have the car _____ at the gate.
--- I’ll be ready after I have my son ______ .
A. wait; dressing
B. waiting; dressed
C. waited; dress
D. to wait; to dress
52. Mr Brown, ________, works as manager of the company.
A. we got here in his car
B. we got here by car
C. in whose car we got here
D. by whose car we got here
53. The young couple came to the ball without ___________.
A. being invited
B. inviting
C. been invited
D. invite
54. I’ll give the diamond to _______ needs it.
A. whoever
B. anyone
C. no matter who
D. those who
55. I was about to go to bed _____ someone knocked at the door.
A. when
B. then
C. at the time
D. and
56. Helen said that they ________ for 3 years.
A. had married
B. married
C. had been married
D. had marriage
57. --- How long has this bookshop been in business? --- _________ 1985.
A. After
B. In
C. Since
D. From
58. The trapped children ______ what had happened.
A. explained me
B. explained to me that
C. explained that
D. explained to me
59. It is said that the __________ temple was built 1500 years ago.
A. stone fine old
B. stone old fine
C. fine old stone
D. fine stone old
60. Put the book ______ it should be when you’ve finished reading it.
A. how
B. which
C. where
D. who
61. It is the place _____ I once visited when I was young.
A. that
B. in which
C. where
D. at which
62. Lincoln had very little free time ______ he could spend studying then.
A. when
B. in which
C. at which
D. which
63. They got to the railway station, _______ the train ________.
A. finding; had left
B. to find; had left
C. found; left
D. to find; leaving
64. Is this museum ______ the students visited last year?
A. that
B. which
C. where
D. the one
65. Mary is the only one of the girls who ________ in for sports.
A. go
B. goes
C. have gone
D. have been
66. Kate was very fond of speaking French, ______ indeed she spoke well.
A. that
B. which
C. and
D. /
67. _______ this road and you will get to the post office at the end.
A. To follow
B. Follow
C. Following
D. If follow
68. --- Does _____ of these two buses go to the station?
--- You can’t get to the station by __________ of them.
A. both; both
B. neither; neither
C. any; any
D. either; either
69. John must have forgotten to return the magazine to the library yesterday, _________?
A. mustn’t he
B. hasn’t he
C. haven’t he
D. didn’t he
70. Billy has recently _____ golf to provide himself with some relaxation.
A. taken on
B. taken up
C. taken over
D. taken with
71. Don’t lose heart. It won’t be long ___________ you catch up with others.
A. since
B. until
C. as
D. before
72. Facts showed that only when they united ______ the strong enemies.
A. could they defeat
B. they could defeat
C. they did defeat
D. had they defeat
73. --- Where does Mr. Smith come from?--- I’m not sure, but his English _______ Australia.
A. sounds
B. suggests
C. tells
D. says
74. The meeting ________ now is of great importance.
A. being held
B. to be held
C. held
D. is being held
75. Chinese is a language ______ more native speakers than any of the other language.
A. which
B. has
C. with
D. spoken
76. Such people _______ knew Tom thought he was something of a musician.
A. who
B. that
C. as
D. whom
77. Wang Hua has a better command of English _________ to make such mistakes.
A. not
B. as
C. them
D. than
78. _______ the night they had prepared a lot of wonderful programmes.
A. For
B. At
C. On
D. Of
79. While standing there, I found the strange eyes _____ me.
A. fixed upon
B. looked at
C. stared at
D. glared at
80. They _______ 1000 dollars for the old house. And now they’ve bought a new one.
A. spent
B. sold
C. took
D. paid
81. _______ , he didn’t attend the meeting.
A. He was busy
B. He being busy
C. Because of busy
D. Being busy
82. --- Hi, Grandma, why do you look so tired?--- I’m tired. I _______ the cleaning all morning.
A. did
B. had done
C. have been doing
D. have done
83. We have to produce more food to _______ the demand of the ever-growing population.
A. suit
B. fix
C. meet
D. respond
84. --- I’m sorry I won’t be able to go with you. --- But you _______ me you _________.
A. told; were going to
B. have told; were going to
C. have told; would go to
D. Had told; were going to
85. --- Do you feel like _________ there or taking a bus?
--- I would like to walk. Since there isn’t much time left. I’d rather we _____ a taxi.
A. walking; take
B. walking; took
C. to walk; take
D. to walk; took
非谓语动词的解题思路 在句子中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词。非谓语动词分为三种形式:不定式，动名词，和分词(分词包括现在分词和过去分词)。 1）不定式(to do) 表示目的，将来 时态\语态主动被动 一般式to do to be done 完成式to have done to have been done 2）动名词/现在分词–ing 表示主动，同时进行 时态\语态主动被动 一般式doing being done 完成式having done having been done 3）过去分词–ed 表示被动，完成的状态 否定形式：not + to do，not + -ing，not + -ed 在做题过程中，如果能按照“先结构，再语态，后时态”这三步思考，再难的题目也能迎刃而解。 一、先结构。 非谓语动词充当动词的宾语或宾语补足语的时候，它的形式要由前面的动词决定。因此，我们要先考虑它与前面动词固定搭配的结构形式。有些动词的宾语只接动词不定式(to do)，如agree, ask, decide, expect, pretend, want, wish, learn, seem等；而有些动词或动词短语则要求只能用动名词(-ing)作宾语，如appreciate, avoid, delay, allow, suggest, finish, practice, enjoy, imagine, forbid, risk, mind, stand, consider, insist on, escape, look forward to等；还有一些使役动词的固定搭配，如have sth. done等，动词搭配的结构已经固定了非谓语的形式。例如： He was pretending ________ while his mother came in his study. A. reading B. to be reading C. read D. be reading 只要学生掌握动词pretend后只能接不定式作它的宾语，即pretend to do sth（假装做某事）这个结构的话，一眼就可选出B这个正确答案。 二、再语态。 不必考虑或考虑完毕非谓语动词的固定结构后，再分析非谓语动词与它的逻辑主语的关系，如果是被动关系，则要选用相应的被动形式，如to be done, being done, done等。例如： ______ from a distance, the mountain looked like a lion. A. Seen B. Seeing C. To see D. See 非谓语动词see与其逻辑主语the mountain的关系是被动关系，所以答案选A。 三、后时态。
英语非谓语动词解题技巧及练习题 一、非谓语动词 1．Lucy and Lily decided their aunt in the countryside. A. see B. to see C. seeing 【答案】B 【解析】【分析】露西和莉莉决定去看下乡的姑姑。decide to do sth ,决定做某事。故选B。 【点评】考查动词不定式。掌握固定短语。 2．I like the TV program The Reader best. I think we should spend as much time as we can in our spare time. A. read B. to read C. reading D. reads 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：我最喜欢电视节目《朗读者》。我认为在业余时间，我们应该尽 可能多的花费时间读书。读书是花费时间的目的，在句中做状语，应使用动词不定式， spend time doing sth，表示花钱或时间做了某事，强调做了，根据should，可知事情还没做，因此不能选C，故答案是B。 【点评】考查非谓语动词——动词不定式，注意做目的状语一般应使用动词不定式，同时 注意不要受到spend…doing固定搭配的影响。 3．My brother is a humorous young man. He often tells jokes to make us . A. laughing B. laugh C. to laugh 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：我哥哥是应该幽默的年轻人，他经常讲笑话让我们笑。make sb do sth ,使某人做某事，省略to的动词不定式，应该是动词原形，故选B。 【点评】考查省略to的动词不定式。make sb do sth ,使某人做某事。 4．We should do what we can our English. A. improve B. improved C. to improve D. improving 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意:我们应该做我们能做的事提高我们的英语。句子主语是we, 谓语是should do,宾语是what we can,后边的部分作目的状语，用不定式形式，故选C。 5．Our English teacher wants us ______ English stories out of class. A. read B. reading C. to read 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】考查非谓语动词。want sb. to do sth.想要某人做某事。故选C。
高考英语非谓语动词解题的八条经典原则 原则一：用作目的状语，原则上要用不定式 1. When asked why he went there，he said he was sent there _____ for a space flight. A. training B. being trained C. to have trained D. to be trained 2. _____ this cake，you’ll need 2 eggs，175 g sugar and 175 g flour. A. Having made B. Make C. To make D. Making 原则二：用于名词后作定语时，使用非谓语动词的原则是：用不定式，表示动作尚未发生;用现在分词，表示动作正在进行;用过去分词，表示动作已经发生，同时表示被动意义 1.The Chinese are proud of the 29th Olympic Games ___ in Beijing in 2008. A. hold B. holding C. held D. to be held 2. There are hundreds of visitors _____ in front of the Art Gallery to have a look at Van Gogh’s paintings. A. waited B. to wait C. waiting D. wait 3. “Things _____ never come again!” I couldn’t help talking to myself. A. lost B. losing C. to lost D. have lost 4— The last one _____ pays the meal. —Agreed! A. arrived B. arrives C. to arrive D. arriving 原则三：用作伴随状语，原则上要用现在分词 1. As the light turned green，I stood for a moment，not _____，and asked myself what I was going to do. A. moved B. moving C. to move D. being moved 2. Peter received a letter just now _____ his grandma would come to see him soon. A. said B. says C. saying D. to say 3. Whenever he was asked why he was late for class，he would answer carelessly，always ___ the same thing. A. saying B. said C. to say D. having said4. We often provide our children with toys，footballs or basketballs，___ that all children like these things. A. Thinking B. think C. to think D. thought 原则四：作结果状语，用现在分词或不定式，其区别是，一般要用现在分词表自然而然的结果，不定式表意外不好结果. 1.The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance，_____ in the natural light during the day. A. to let B. letting C. let D. having let 2. Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year，___ a record US$ 57. 65 a barrel on April 4. A. have reached B. reaching C. to reach D. to be reaching
（英语）高考英语非谓语动词解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案) 一、单项选择非谓语动词 1．I had as much fun sailing the seas as I now do _with students. A．working B．work C．to work D．worked 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 考查动名词。句意：我在海上航行和现在和学生一起工作一样快乐。分析句子可知，have fun doing sth.做某事很开心，as I now do working with students补充完整为as I now have fun working with students。故选A。 2．I am so thrilled to have my underwater photos ______ in the National Geographic and on the cover! A．to be featured B．featured C．being featured D．to feature 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：我很兴奋我的水下照片出现在《国家地理》杂志里和封面上。have sth done使某事被做，这是个固定用法。故选B。 3．The man fell to the ground, his left foot_____ and blood ____ down from his mouth. A．breaking;running B．broken;running C．breaking ; run D．broken; run 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 考查独立主格结构。句意：那人摔倒在地，左脚骨折，血从嘴里往下流。当分词做状语的时候，如果分词的逻辑主语与句子主语没有关系，就在分词的前面直接加上逻辑主语，形成独立主格结构，该结构在作用上相当于一个状语从句。本句中的第一空的名词his left foot与动词break构成逻辑上的被动关系，故使用过去分词。第二空的名词blood与动词run构成主动关系，故使用现在分词。故选B。 4． Hours of playing violent video games can affect the way the brain works, ______ damage to certain cells of brain. A．to cause B．cause C．causing D．caused 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析：考查非谓语动词。causing 现在分词作结果状语。句意：连续几个小时打暴力的
【英语】高一英语非谓语动词解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)及解 析 一、单项选择非谓语动词 1．（四川）Little Tom sat ________watching the monkey dancing in front of him. A．amaze B．amazing C．amazed D．to amaze 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 考查形容词作状语。句意：小汤姆坐在那里惊讶地看着猴子在他面前跳舞。amazed感到惊讶的，修饰人，此处作伴随状语，表状态。本题主要考查B、C之间的区别，选项B意为：令人吃惊的，常修饰物；而选项C意为：感到吃惊的，常修饰人。故选C。 2．I am so thrilled to have my underwater photos ______ in the National Geographic and on the cover! A．to be featured B．featured C．being featured D．to feature 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：我很兴奋我的水下照片出现在《国家地理》杂志里和封面上。have sth done使某事被做，这是个固定用法。故选B。 3．The film star wears sunglasses. Therefore, he can go shopping without ___________. A．recognizing B．being recognized C．having recognized D．having been recognized 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：本题考查动词的非谓语动词形式。句意：那位电影明星戴上墨镜。所以，他去买东西不会被认出来。根据题中的介词without判断，此后应该使用动词的动名词形式，由于他是被人认出的，所以应该用动名词的被动式，所以选B。 考点：考查非谓语动词的用法 4．In Australia, many road signs are now both in English and Chinese, ______ it easier for Chinese tourists to travel. A．making B．made C．make D．makes 【答案】A
【英语】初中英语非谓语动词解题技巧及经典题型及练习题(含答案) 一、非谓语动词 1．I prefer the failure rather than my dream. A. experience; to give up B. to experience; give up C. experiencing; giving up 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：我宁愿经历失败也不愿放弃我的梦想。空一，prefer to do rather than do宁愿做......而不愿做......，固定搭配，experience亲身经历、感受，动词，因此是to experience；空二，rather than+动词原形，意为“宁愿……而不愿……”，give up，放弃，故选 B。 【点评】此题考查固定短语prefer to do rather than do。 2．一What should we take when going birdwatching? 一 We should take a pair of binoculars ____________the birds clearly. A. see B. seeing C. to see D. sees 【答案】C 【解析】【分析】句意:一去看鸟应该带什么?一为了看得清楚，我们应该带一副望远镜。 带上望远镜的目的是看得清楚，用带to的不定式作目的状语。故选C。 3．I think AI （人工智能） in many fields will to help us solve many problems in the future. A. used, be used B. is used, be used C. used, use D. is used, use 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：我认为被用在许多领域的人工智能在将来将帮助我们解决许多问 题。AI是名词，___ in many fields做名词AI的定语，AI是动作use的承受着，并且句子是 简单句，已经有谓语will，所以用动词过去分词作定语，即used，be used to do sth.被用来 做某事，will是情态动词，所以be还是用原形be，故选A。 【点评】考查动词过去分词及固定搭配，注意平时识记，理解句意。 4．—So beautiful flowers! I can't decide _____ for my mom.—For Mother's Day, it can't be better to take some carnations（康乃馨）.
英语非谓语动词解题技巧及练习题及解析 一、非谓语动词 1．We are supposed ________ some housework with our parents when we have free time. A. to share B. sharing C. shared D. share 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：有空的时候，我们应该和父母一起做家务。be supposed to do sth，固定搭配，应该，故此处是不定式，故选A。 【点评】考查固定搭配，注意be supposed to do sth的用法。 2．My parents didn't allow me ______ to the party. A. go B. to go C. goes D. went 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】：本题考点为非谓语动词（固定用法）。allow sb. to do sth.，即“允许某人做某事”。故答案为B。 3．My brother is a humorous young man. He often tells jokes to make us . A. laughing B. laugh C. to laugh 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：我哥哥是应该幽默的年轻人，他经常讲笑话让我们笑。make sb do sth ,使某人做某事，省略to的动词不定式，应该是动词原形，故选B。 【点评】考查省略to的动词不定式。make sb do sth ,使某人做某事。 4． Mr. Smith told his son _____ the football match because of the exam. A. not to watch B. to not watch C. not watching D. doesn't watch 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：因为考试，史密斯先生告诉他的儿子不要看足球比赛。tell sb not to do sth“告诉某人不要做某事”，故此处用动词不定式not to watch。故选A。 5．Smart phones ______ by Huawei are getting more and more popular around the world. A. made B. making C. to make 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：由华为制造的智能手机在全世界正在变得越来越受欢迎。根据句意可知 ______ by Huawei做前面phones的定语，并且表示被动，所以用动词过去分词做名
英语非谓语动词解题技巧(超强)及练习题(含答案) 一、非谓语动词 1．—Julia, your mobile phone is ringing. —Wait a minute. It's dangerous ______ it while crossing the street. A. answering B. answer C. to answer 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：—-朱丽亚，你的手机响了。—等一下。过马路时接电话是危险的。It + be + adj. for （of） sb to do sth 某人做某事……，是固定句式，it是形式主语，不定式结构做真正主语。故选C。 【点评】考查动词不定式做主语的句式。熟记此句式，并能熟练运用。 2．When you are tired, in the countryside is a wonderful experience. A. relaxing B. relaxed C. relax D. relaxes 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】考查非谓语动词。句意：当你累的时候，在农村放松是一个奇妙的体验。所填动词在句中作主语，该用动名词形式，所以选A。 3．My brother is a humorous young man. He often tells jokes to make us . A. laughing B. laugh C. to laugh 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：我哥哥是应该幽默的年轻人，他经常讲笑话让我们笑。make sb do sth ,使某人做某事，省略to的动词不定式，应该是动词原形，故选B。 【点评】考查省略to的动词不定式。make sb do sth ,使某人做某事。 4．—Have you ever heard that China is building a nationwide 5G network? —Right. 5G will allow us ________ English movies faster than ever. A. download B. downloads C. to download D. downloading 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意——你听说了中国正在建造全国5G网络吗？——对，5G将会让我们比原来更快的速度下载英文电影。allow sb to do sth，允许某人做某事，固定短语，应使用动词不定式，故答案是C。 【点评】考查动词不定式，注意识记固定搭配allow sb. to do sth结构。 5． Though he often made his little sister ______, today he was made ______ by his little sister. A. cry; to cry B. crying; crying C. cry; cry D. to cry; cry 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意:虽然他经常使他的妹妹哭，但是今天他妹妹使他哭了。使某人做某
英语非谓语动词解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)及解析 一、非谓语动词 1．Lucy and Lily decided their aunt in the countryside. A. see B. to see C. seeing 【答案】B 【解析】【分析】露西和莉莉决定去看下乡的姑姑。decide to do sth ,决定做某事。故选B。 【点评】考查动词不定式。掌握固定短语。 2．To my surprise, Daniel's parents allowed him ___________ Shanghai Disneyland with me. A. to visit B. visiting C. visit D. visits 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：让我吃惊的的，戴尔的父母允许他和我去上海迪士尼乐园。allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事，固定短语，故选A。 【点评】此题考查动词不定式。注意固定短语allow sb. to do sth。 3．When you leave, please turn off the lights energy. A. save B. to save C. saving D. saved 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：当你离开时请关灯以节约能源。动词不定式表示目的，结合句意，故选B。 4．My parents didn't allow me ______ to the party. A. go B. to go C. goes D. went 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】：本题考点为非谓语动词（固定用法）。allow sb. to do sth.，即“允许某人做某事”。故答案为B。 5．We should do what we can our English. A. improve B. improved C. to improve D. improving 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意:我们应该做我们能做的事提高我们的英语。句子主语是we, 谓语是should do,宾语是what we can,后边的部分作目的状语，用不定式形式，故选C。
中考英语非谓语动词解题技巧及练习题 一、非谓语动词 1．—Hello, Lucy, please give me some ____ on how to improve my English! —You'd better keep ___ more English books. A. advices; read B. advice; read C. advice; reading D. advices; reading 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：——你好，露西，关于如何提高我的英语请给我一些建议，——你最好坚持读英语书。advice是不可数名词，没有复数形式；keep doing sth，坚持做某事，故选C。 【点评】考查固定搭配，注意keep doing sth的用法。 2．When you leave, please turn off the lights energy. A. save B. to save C. saving D. saved 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：当你离开时请关灯以节约能源。动词不定式表示目的，结合句意，故选B。 3．The workers were made from morning to night in the past. A. worked B. to work C. work D. working 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意:在过去工人们被迫从早晨工作到晚上make sb do sth让某人做某事，其被动语态形式sb be made to do sth所以选B。 4．—Have you ever heard that China is building a nationwide 5G network? —Right. 5G will allow us ________ English movies faster than ever. A. download B. downloads C. to download D. downloading 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意——你听说了中国正在建造全国5G网络吗？——对，5G将会让我们比原来更快的速度下载英文电影。allow sb to do sth，允许某人做某事，固定短语，应使用动词不定式，故答案是C。 【点评】考查动词不定式，注意识记固定搭配allow sb. to do sth结构。 5．To keep children away from danger，we warn parents ________ children at home alone． A. leave B. to leave C. not leave D. not to leave 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】考查不定式短语．句意：为了让孩子们远离危险，我们警告家长不要把
非谓语动词的解题原则 原则一、两个句子必须要用连词连接，如果没有连词连接，则需要用非谓语动词 例1. _________ many times, but he still couldn’t understand it. A. Having been told B. Having told C. He had been told D. Though he had been told 例2._________ many times, he still couldn’t understand it. A. Having been told B. Having told C. He had been told D. Though he had told 解析：例1中有连词but连接，表明前后都是句子，所以答案为C。 例2中后面是一个句子，而且没有连词，所以前面不是句子，应该用非谓语动词，根据句意此处为被动，所以答案为A。 原则二、不及物动词无-ed形式非谓语动词，及物动词有宾语时用-ing形式，无宾语时用-ed形式 例3. ____________ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police. A. Having lost B. Lost C. Being lost D. Losing 解析：lose为及物动词，现在后面没有宾语，所以用-ed
形式，答案为B。 例4. __________, I really believe that I’d prefer not to make any change now. A. Considered all the possibilities B. Taking all the possibilities into consideration C. Taken all the possibilities into consideration D. Giving all the possibilities 解析：把。。。考虑进来结构为take sth into consideration，现在take后面有宾语all the possibilities，所以用-ing形式，答案为B。 原则三、being done 表示“正在被”，一般不作状语，只作定语。非谓语动词的完成时形式to have done或having done强调该动作发生在句子谓语动词之前 例5. __ to reach them on the phone, we sent an email instead. A. Fail B. Failed C. To fail D. Having failed 解析：根据句意“我们没有打通电话，就给他们发了个邮件”，没有打通电话应该发生在发邮件之前，所以用having done，答案为D。 例6. Tim Bemers-Lee is generally considered _____ the World Wide Web, on which all the information is shared by all.
人教版英语非谓语动词做题技巧含答案 一、非谓语动词 1．Young people are encouraged to work hard ____their own dreams. A. achieve B. achieves C. to achieve D. achieved 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：鼓励年轻人努力工作，实现自己的梦想。根据句意可知their own dreams是workhard的目的，常用动词不定式来表示目的，故选C。 【点评】考查动词不定式的基本用法——作目的状语。 2．We advise parents _____ their children at home alone in order to keep them away from danger. A. not leave B. not to leave C. leave D. to leave 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意:为了使孩子远离危险，我们建议父母不要单独把孩子留在家里。advise sb to do sth建议某人做某事，动词不定式的否定形式就是在to前面加not故advise sb not to do sth建议某人不要做某事。结合句意，故选B 3．Sue practices ______ the violin hard and often gives wonderful performances. A. play B. played C. to play D. playing 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：Sue努力练习拉小提琴并经常做精彩演出。Practise doing sth.故答案为D。 【点评】考查动名词的用法，掌握practice doing结构。 4．My mother doesn't allow me _______outside too late on school nights. A. to stay B. stay C. staying 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：在上学的日子里,我妈妈不允许我在外面待得太晚。Allow sb to do sth允许某人做某事，是固定用法，故答案选A。 【点评】考查动词不定式，掌握固定搭配。 5．—You can only keep the books for two weeks, Tom. Remember ____them on time. —I will. A. return B. returning C. to return 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：—这些书你能借两周，汤姆，记住按时归还它们。—我会的。remember to do记住去做某事； remember doing记得做过某事。根据You can only keep the
高考英语非谓语动词常见题型及答题技巧及练习题(含答案) 一、单项选择非谓语动词 1．(湖南) There is no greater pleasure than lying on my back in the middle of the grassland, ___________ at the night sky. A．to stare B．staring C．stared D．having stared 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：考查非谓语动词用法。句中的动词stare的逻辑主语是隐含主语I，两者之间为主动关系，故用现在分词。句意：没有比背躺在草地中间，盯着夜空更快乐的事情了。故B正确。 考点：考查非谓语动词用法 2．______ the pictures on the screen more clearly, they moved to the front row. A．To watch B．Watching C．Watched D．Having watched 【答案】A 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了更清楚的看屏幕上的图片，他们移到了前排。表示目的用不定式，故选A。 3．______ to as much English as possible is a good way to learn English well. A．Exposed B．Being exposed C．Having exposed D．To expose 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：句意：尽可能多的接触英语是学好英语的很好的办法。这里is是谓语，前面是主语，应该用动名词，而且be exposed to“暴露于，接触”，所以选B。 考点：考查动名词做主语 4．On the third floor there are two rooms, ________ used as a meeting-room. A．the larger of which B．one of them C．and a larger of them D．the largest one of which 【答案】B 【解析】 考查过去分词的独立主格结构。句意：三楼有两个房间，其中一个被用作会议室。如果选A项，是非限制性定语从句，从句应该用一般过去时态的被动语态，此处used是过去分词，所以A错；如果选C项，中间加and表明是并列句，the+比较级，才表示“两个当中更大的”，故C项错；因为是两个房间，不可能出现最高级，故D项错；只有选B项是过去
（英语）英语非谓语动词解题技巧及练习题 一、非谓语动词 1．Granny often tells us _______ water in our daily life. A. save B. saving C. to save D. saves 【答案】C 【解析】【分析】句意：奶奶经常告诉我们在日常生活中要节约用水。tell sb. to do sth.，故选C。 【点评】考查非谓语动词的用法。 2．—What does the sign mean? —It tells us ____________ in public. A. didn't smoke B. don't smoke C. not to smoke D. not smoke 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：——这个标志是什么意思——它告诉我们在公众场所不要吸烟。根据短语tell sb not to do sth“告诉某人不要做某事”，故此处为动词不定式not to smoke。故选C。 【点评】考查固定搭配tell sb not to do sth。 3．We are looking forward to _______ Hollywood in America。（） A. visit B. visited C. visiting 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意:我们期待看参观美国好莱乌。期待（盼望）做某事:look forward to,短语中的加是介词（不是不定式符号），后跟名词、代词或动名词形式。即:look forward sth/ doing sth。故选C。 4．Jane was shy. She would not invite her classmates____speaking English. A. practice B. practices C. practicing D. to practice 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：詹妮胆小害羞，她不会邀请她的同学练习讲英语。邀请某人做某事invite sb. to do sth.，后跟带to的不定式作宾语补足语，故选D。 5．Dave is a good boy and he always finishes _______ his homework on time.
非谓语动词解题三原则 1、查看句子是否缺少谓语动词，以判断是否使用非谓语动词。（高中学习中，一般情况下同一个句子不能出现两个谓语，如果句子有谓语则选择非谓语） 2、判断语态，根据动作执行者和承受者来判断是使用主动还是被动语态） 3、判断时态，根据动作的先后关系等，判断应该使用的时态。 高中英语语法非谓语动词解题技巧 一. 非谓语动词的句子结构分析技巧 1_____many times , but he still couldn't understand it . 2. _____many times , he still couldn't understand it . A.Having been told B. Told C. He was told D. Though he had been told 分析：句1. 用连词but 引导并列句子，因此，前面与后句一样也是个独立句子成分，故选C。句2. 句中用逗号隔开,且无连词引导，因此，前面不是句子结构，只是句子的一个成分，故选A，用非谓语动词作状语。句子结构练习 3. ______to the left , you'll find the post office . 4. If you _____to the left , you'll find the post office . 5. ______to the left , and you'll find the post office . A. Turning B. To turn C. Turn D. Turned 答案ACC 二. 非谓语动词的逻辑主语分析技巧 确定要选非谓语动词之后，第二步要分析其逻辑主语。非谓语动词虽不能作谓语，但仍具有动词特点，其逻辑上的动作执行者就叫做逻辑主语。非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语须和句子的真正主语一致。若不一致，则须加上自己的逻辑主语。 First ____ to the market, these products enjoyed great success. A. introducing B. introduced C. introduce D. being introduced 分析: 非谓语动词的逻辑主语是: these products, 与句子的主语一致, 故选B 1._______no buses , we had to walk home. 2. ______Sunday, I shall have a quiet day at home . A. There being B. It were C. There were D. It being 分析：句1. 表示“没有公共汽车”，应用“there be”结构，即逻辑主语是“there”，故选A 。句2. 同理选D。 三. 非谓语动词的语态分析技巧 分析语态就是在确定逻辑主语之后，分析非谓语动词和逻辑主语在搭配使用时是主动还是被动关系。 1.______from space , the earth looks blue . 2.______from space , we can see the earth is blue A. Seen B. Seein C. To see D. See 这两个题选项中的非谓语动词都没有加自己的逻辑主语, 因此其逻辑主语就是句子的主语。分析：句1. “地球”被“看起来”，表被动，故选A，用过去分词表被动。句2.我们"主动看......"即表主动，故选B。 3. The dirty clothes ____ , the girl hung them up outside . 4. ____ the dirty clothes ,the girl hung them up outside A. was washed B. washed C. were washed D. having washed 分析：句3. 前面应用非谓语动词作句子的状语，逻辑主语是“the dirty clothes”，和动词搭配表示“衣被洗“，故选B。句4. 逻辑主语为句子的主语”the girl“，表示”女洗衣服"，为主动关系，故选D。 四.非谓语动词的时态分析技巧 The building ______now will be a restaurant . 2. The building ______next year will be a restaurant . 3. The building ______last year is a restaurant. A. having been built B. to be built C. being built D. built 分析: 句1中now 说明大楼正在被修，故用进行式，选C。句2中next year 说明大楼将在明年被修，故用表将来的不定式，选B。句3中last year 说明大楼已被修，但不能选，因为现在分词的完成式不能作定语，故用过去分词, 选D 非谓语动词2011年高考题 1.(2011全国卷,27) The next thing he saw was smoke from behind the house. A. rose B. rising C. to rise D. risen 答案 B 解析：考查非谓语动词作状语的用法。句意为“接下来我们看到的是烟雾从房子的后面冒出来。”rise 升起来和see看到这两个动作是同时发生的，因此选择现在进行的形式表示非谓语动词动作和谓语动词动作同时发生。选B。 2.(2011全国卷II,15) The island, to the mainland by a bridge, is easy to go to.