第3章语法词汇过关必做300题
⊙语法
◆名词、代词、限定词
1. Mr. and Mrs. Smith are so excited today, for they bought _____ yesterday.
A. many furnitures
B. so much furnitures
C. many pieces of furnitures
D. a lot of furniture
【答案】D
【解析】句意：史密斯夫妇今天非常兴奋，因为他们昨天买了许多家具。furniture为不可数名词，所以选项D正确。
2. Which of the following nouns does not share the same form of its singular and plural form?
A. sheep
B. means
C. spacecraft
D. ox
【答案】D
【解析】考查单复数同形的名词。ox为单数名词，其复数形式为oxen。
3. Which of the following nouns share the same form of its singular and plural form?
A. appendix
B. stadium
C. deer
D. hypothesis
【答案】C
【解析】考查单复数同形的名词。
4. Which of the following sentence contain a noun (名词) used as an attribute (定语)?
A. We should protect trees from being destroyed.
B. Women fail to get the equal rights in some countries.
C. She is the only one among the women writers who writes stories for children.
D. In old China we could not make a nail, let alone machines.
【答案】C
【解析】考查名词做定语的用法。C选项中的名词women修饰名词writers，做writers 的定语；故选C。
5. Which of the following sentence contain a noun (名词) used as an attribute (定语)?
A. Each of us supposed to go all out for the team on the sports field.
B. It is known to us that practice makes perfect.
C. It is necessary for us to master a foreign language skillfully.
D. We find it rather difficult to prevent people from doing that.
【答案】A
【解析】考查名词做定语的用法。A选项中的名词sports修饰名词field，做field的定语；故选A。
6. Which of the following is not a compound word (复合词)?
A. greenhouse
B. clearway
C. rainbow
D. interaction
【答案】D
【解析】考查复合词的构词。复合词是由两个独立的单词组合而成的新单词，而interact 是由前缀inter-和act组成，inter-并非独立的单词，所以选D项。
7. Which of the following word includes a suffix (后缀)?
A. friend
B. telephone
C. physician
D. dislike
【答案】C
【解析】考查名词后缀。physician由physic及后缀-ian构成，符合题意。
8. The village used to be small, and had only a few streets. There were only three shops: ________ and the General Store.
A. the butchers’, the bakers’
B. the butchers, the bakers
C. butchers, bakers
D. the butcher’s, the baker’s
【答案】D
【解析】句意：这个乡村过去很小，只有几条街道，也只有三个店铺：肉店、面包店和杂货店。在职业后面加's有表示该职业的就职场所的用法。
9. _____ can make a mistake; no one is perfect.
A. Nobody
B. Someone
C. Anyone
D. Each
【答案】C
【解析】句意：任何人都会犯错，没有哪个人是完美的。本题旨在考不定代词的用法。anyone
任何人。nobody没有人。someone有人，某人。each每个。
10. It was a stroke of luck that she had always been able to write with _____ hand,
which sometimes helped her a lot.
A. both
B. each
C. every
D. either
【答案】D
【解析】句意：幸运的是她两只手都会写字，这帮助了她不少。本句在于either与both 的区别，either是两者其一，后面的名词用单数。both两者都，后面的名词用复数。
11. I do not think _____ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.
A. this
B. that
C. its
D. it
【答案】D
【解析】句意：我认为不做记忆性的工作，要想学好一门语言是不可能的。think＋it＋adj.(possible)，认为做某事是可能的。
12. It is certain that no food is as good as _____ earned by one’s own labor,
whether physical or mental.
A. such
B. that
C. what
D. one
【答案】B
【解析】句意：没有比通过自己劳动获得食物更好的了，无论体力劳动还是脑力劳动都是一样的。用that指代前文出现过的food这一名词，避免重复。such也可以作代词，
代替上述的人或事物，表示有同样特征，但此处要表达的正是不同特征的食物，故不能使用such。what在此处无法指代food。由于food为不可数名词，也不能用one代替。综上，只有选项B是正确的。
13. Children who stay away from school do _____ for different reasons.
A. them
B. that
C. it
D. theirs
【答案】D
【解析】句意：离开学校的学生都有各自不同的理由。theirs作为物主代词的复数形式，在该句中指代前面的stay away from school。
14. Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?
A. Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it.
B. Sweetest melodies are these that are by distance made sweeter.
C. The worst misfortunes are those that never happen.
D. There is also the problem of low morale for those left behind after the staff cuts.
【答案】B
【解析】考查定语从句的先行词。these不能做定语从句的先行词，而要使用those。因此，B选项中的these应改为those。
15. Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?
A. A cake made of wheat costs less than one made of rice.
B. This is a point of idiom rather than that of grammar.
C. The cost of oil is less than that of gas.
D. I like the climate of Changchun than that of Kunming.
【答案】B
【解析】考查代词的用法。one指代可数名词，表示泛指；而that可以指代不可数名词或可数名词单数，并且表示特指。在本题的B选项中，该句表达的应该是泛指意义上的“语法问题”，因此，应将B选项中的that改为one。
16. Which of the following reflexive pronouns (反身代词) is not used as an object (宾语)?
A. He has a right to decide for himself.
B. She finally gained control of herself.
C. He made no complaint for himself.
D. I’ll be myself again in no time.
【答案】D
【解析】考查反身代词的用法。A、B、C选项中的反身代词均在句中作宾语，而D选项中的myself在句中作表语，故选D。
17. Which of the following reflexive pronouns (反身代词) is used as an appositive (同位语)?
A. I am teaching myself to play the piano.
B. Don't always think of yourself.