中考复习 初中英语一对一专项辅导：复合句
英语句子中常有一个主句和一个或多个从句组合而成的长句子，这样的句子叫做复合句。初中阶段常见的复合句主要包括宾语从句、状语从句和定语从句。
◆引导词主句用一般现在时，从句的时态根据需要确定，不受主句影响。 作宾语从句的句子 引导词 陈述句 that 一般疑问句 if / whether 特殊疑问句 原句中的疑问词 ◆宾语从句使用陈述句语序 ◆主句与从句的时态
【习题演练】 Ⅰ. 单项选择
( )1. He asked which film they _____ about.
A. will talk
B. are going to talk
C. was going to talk
D. were talking ( )2. Do you know _____ bike this is?
A. that
B. who
C. why
D. whose ( )3. Polly said no news _____ good news.
A. was
B. were
C. is
D. are ( )4. We didn’t know _____ she was ready or not.
A. when
B. that
C. whether
D. what
( )5. —What did your PE teacher say about your high jump at the sports meeting? —He said that I _____ better.
A. can do
B. am
C. will do
D. could do (
)6. —I want to know when _____ have a field trip.
—We’ll have it when all the work _____.
1.主句用一般现在时，从句的时态根据需要确定，不受主句影响。
C. you will; is finished
D. you; finish
( )7. —Could you tell me when _____?
—At 10:25, in ten minutes.
A. the bus will leave
B. will the bus leave
C. the bus has left
D. had the bus left
( )8. －Do you know ______ he’ll arrive he re at 9:00 this morning?
－I’m afraid he’ll be late.
A. that
B. how
C. why
D. whether
( )9. —Could you tell me _____?
—She is a student in Eton School.
A. where Kate is studying
B. how Kate was studying
C. why Kate was studying
D. when Kate studied
( )10. —Do you know _____ going to stay in London?
—No, I don’t. Maybe a few days.
A. when he is
B. how long he is
C. when is he
D. how long is he
Ⅱ. 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。
16. I don’t think the watch will _____ (repair) well in 2 days.
17. She said that the sun _____ (be) brighter than the moon.
18. I will take back what I _____ (say).
19. I wanted to know if he _____ (can) mend the car.
20. She said that she _____ (go) fishing last Sunday.
21. She told me that they _____ (talk) about a new book at this time yesterday.
22. I’m sure everything _____ (go) well.
23. I hope that I _____ (visit) Beijing soon.
24. I hear that Tom _____ (be) here for a week.
25. Tom told his boss that he _____ (finish) the work well if he _____ (give) another chance.
在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词，并充当其定语的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。定语从句常放在先行词的后面，由关系代词who, whom, whose, which, that和关系副词when, where, why等引导。
学习定语从句需要注意的内容：
1. 选出正确的关系代词或关系副词的关键：①看所修饰的是人还是物；②看它所代表的先行词在定语从句中做什么成分。例如：
Do you know the man who/that sells eggs to me?
（先行词是“the man”，在从句中作主语，用who/ that）
Your father was not on the train that/ which arrived just now.
(先行词是物，用which/that，在从句中作主语)
This is the book (which / that) you wanted.
(先行词是物，用which/that，在从句中作宾语，可省)
Do you know the boy whose father is a doctor?
(先行词是人，whose代表“男孩的”，在从句中作定语)
You can go home where you can have a rest.
(先行词是地点，where相当于at home，在从句中作地点状语)
Do you remember the year when we were hungry every day？
(先行词是时间，when相当于in the year，在从句中作时间状语）
Do you know the reason why she didn’t come to our party？
(先行词是原因，why相当于for the reason，在从句中作原因状语）
2. 引导词作宾语时可以省略。例如：
Have you seen the book (that) I gave you yesterday？
3. 引导词在定语从句中作主语，不能省略。例如：
Do you know the man who is speaking to your father？
【习题演练】
Ⅰ. 单项选择
( )11. The boy _____ helped me yesterday is playing soccer with his friends.
A. whom
B. who
C. which
D. whose
( )12. The music _____ the U2 band played was very popular.
A. which
B. who
C. whom
D. whose
( )13. The girl _____ skirt is red is Tom’s sister.
A. who
B. whom
C. whose
D. that
( )14. This is the best way _____ can help us earn lots of money.
A. which
B. who
C. that
D. when
( )15. Anyone ______ breaks the rules must be punished.
A. whom
B. whose
C. which
D. who
( )16. We talked the things and persons ______ we were interested in.
A. that
B. which
C. who
D. when
( )17. There is a girl ______ is waiting for you.
A. whose
B. which
C. whom
D. who
( )18. I’ll never forget the day _____ I first come here.
A. when
B. where
C. why
D. who
( )19. This is the room ______ he lived last year.
A. when
B. where
C. why
D. which
( )20. That’s the reason _______ he was late for school.
A. when
B. where
C. why
D. which
在复合句中，修饰主句中动词、形容词或副词的从句叫做状语从句。状语从句可分为时间、条件、原因、结果、比较、目的、让步、方式八大类。初中阶段我们需要重点掌握的有时间状语从句、条件状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句和结果状语从句。
◆时间状语从句常由从属连词when, as, while, before, after, since, till, until, as soon as 引导。the moment, every time, each time可引出一个从句，相当于时间状语从句。
◆条件状语从句常由从属连词if, unless, so long as, as long as引导。
◆原因状语从句常由从属连词because, for, since, as引导。
◆结果状语从句常由从属连词so that, so…that, such…that引导。
◆目的状语从句常由从属连词so，so that引导。
主将从现原则：在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，如果主句是一般将来时或具有将来的含义，从句的谓语动词常用一般现在时表将来。
【习题演练】
Ⅰ. 单项选择
( )1. He spoke so quickly ______ no one could follow him.
A. which
B. after
C. as
D. that
( )2. We cannot be sure what you want ______ you tell us.
A. if
B. since
C. as soon as
D. unless
( )3. －When will he call you up?
－_______ he comes back.
A. As soon as
B. Since
C. Because
D. Unless
( )4. He will not go to the cinema _____ he’s ill.
A. though
B. unless
C. why
D. because
( )5. His father is _____ busy _____ he seldom goes back home.
A. too; to
B. so; that
C. enough; to
D. such; that
( )6. He was reading _____ his sister was writing.
A. after
B. while
C. because
D. as soon as
( )7. ______ you have to stay at home, you’d better go over your lessons.
A. Though
B. After
C. Before
D. Since
( )8. Alice will come to my party _____ she’s free.
A. after
B. why
C. if
D. though
( )9. －Wait a moment, please. He’ll be back in ten minutes.
－All right. I’ll ______ here ______ he comes back.
A. leave; until
B. reach; till
C. stay; till
D. wait for; until
( )10. The question is _____ that nobody can answer it.
A. very hard
B. too difficult
C. strange enough
D. so strange
复合句综合练习：
第一组
( )1.The man said ________ he saw many strangers coming into his village.
A.when
B.whether
C.what
D./
( )2.The teacher told us the earth ________ the sun.
A.went around
B.goes around
C.go around
D.has gone around ( )3.—What are you doing now?
—We are talking about ________.
A.when shall we go to Tianjin
B.why we like Tianjin
C.who should we go with
D.which station should we go ( )4.—Why don't you tell me ________？
—I don't know either, so I can't tell you ________.
A.who is that man in blue; who is the man
B.who that man in blue is; who is the man
C.who is that man in blue; who the man is
D.who that man in blue is; who the man is
( )5.Please tell me ________.I have some gifts for him.
A.how has Robert come
B.where Robert is
C.when will Robert leave
D.what does Robert like
( )6.I don't know the girl.Could you tell me ________？
A.what is her name
B.how old is she
C.who is she
D.where she comes from
( )7.—What did your teacher say this morning?
—She asked me ________.
A.when Tom would get to school
B.what will Tom do at school
C.how did Tom come to school
D.why was Tom late for school ( )8.—I can't find Mary.Where's she?
—Sorry, I don't know ________.
A.where has she been
B.where she has been
C.where has she gone
D.where she has gone
( )9.He is a famous writer ________ works are sold around the world.
A.who
B.who's
C.whose
D.his
( )10.Everything ________ you told me is not true.
A.that
B.which
C.what
D.whose
( )11.I still remember the day ________ we spent together.
A.when
B.where
C.that
D.why
( )12.None of the apples ________ are put on the table are red.
A.which
B.that
C.who
D.they
( )13.The boy jumped into the sea ________ he got to the beach.
A.since
B.while
C.as soon as
D.so that
( )14.They didn't work ________ it was dark.
A.where
B.till
C.so that
D.so
( )15.—You study ________ hard ________ you're sure to pass the exam.
—Thank you for saying so.
A.enough; to
B.as; as
C.so; that
D.such; that
( )16.If Tom ________ the game, we'll give him a surprise.
A.win
B.wins
C.won
D.winning
( )17.I don't know if she ________ to my birthday party tomorrow.If she ________，I'll be very happy.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/639686090.html,es; comes
B.will come; comes
https://www.doczj.com/doc/639686090.html,es; will come
D.will come; come
( )18.I'm waiting for my friend.________，I'll go shopping alone.
A.If she comes
B.If she won't come
C.If she doesn't come
D.If she came
( )19.Mr.Green speaks very loudly ________ all the people can hear him clearly.
A.when
B.so that
C.because
D.unless
( )20.They're playing on the ground ________ I arrived.
A.for
B.since
C.when
D.while
第二组
( )1.I'm surprised that he ________ in the library for the whole day yesterday.
A.stay
B.stays
C.stayed
D.staying
( )2.I don't know ________，and now I'm thirsty.
A.where I put the cup
B.where did I put the cup
C.how I put the cup
D.how did I put the cup
( )3.—I'm new here.Could you please tell me ________？
—Sure.It's over there behind that tower.
A.where the youth centre is
B.when the library opens
C.how far is the amusement park
D.how can I get to the subway station
( )4.Her teacher found ________ she's a clever girl.
A.when
B.what
C.if
D.that
( )5.The woman asked the policeman where ________.
A.the post office is
B.the post office was
C.is the post office
D.was the post office
( )6.We haven't found out ________，but we have known ________.
A.who he is; how to search it
B.who he is; to search it how
C.who is he; how to search it
D.who is he; to search it how
( )7.—Can you tell me ________？
—Sure.His home is next to the cinema.
A.what is Steve doing
B.what Steve is doing
C.where does Steve live
D.where Steve lives
( )8.—May I come in? I'm sorry I am late.
—Come in, please.But could you please tell me ________？
A.how do you come to school
B.what were you doing then
C.who you talked with
D.why you are late again
( )9.It's the museum ________ we saw the worldfamous painting last month.
A.that
B.which
C.where
D.when
( )10.I'm going to start a club to help students ________ are not interested in schoolwork.
A.whose
B.who
C.whom
D.which
( )11.There will be a stamp show in the museum ________ we visited last week.
A.who
B.when
C.which
D.what
( )12.The Lantern Festival is the second festival ________ comes in Chinese lunar calendar.
A.that
B.which
C.it
D.when
( )13.It's one of the most interesting movies ________ are directed by the young director.
A.which
B.who
C./
D.that
( )14.—What is our head teacher like, do you know?
—Oh, he is very kind ________ he looks very serious.
A.because
B.though
C.if
D.when
( )15.________ he felt tired, he didn't give up.
A.Because
B.For
C.When
D.Though
( )16.I will send you an email as soon as I ________ safely.
A.arrive
B.arrived
C.am arriving
D.will arrive
( )17.The little child cried ________ he fell on the road.
A.after
B.before
C.since
D.so that
( )18.There is ________ little water ________ it's not enough for all of us.
A.so; that
B.such; that
C.very; that
D.really; that
( )19.I won't pass the exam ________ I work hard.
A.whenever
B.because
C.if
D.unless
( )20.Mary is tired of learning ________ she is expected to do better than she can.
A.so
B.because
C.unless
D.though
参考答案：
一、Ⅰ. 1-5 DDCCD 6-10 CADAB
Ⅲ.
二、Ⅰ. 1. who / that helped 2. whom; is 3. whose; is 4. that / which; was 5. that; want 6. who / whom / that we visited 7. whose; was broken 8. the place where 9. the best novel that 10. that you told
Ⅱ. 11-15 BACCD 16-20 ADABC
Ⅲ三、Ⅰ. 1-5 DDADB 6-10 BDCCD
【课后提高】
第一组
1－5DBBDB6－10DADCA11－15CBCBC 16－20BBCBC
第二组
1－5CAADB6－10ADDCB11－15CADBD 16－20AAADB
1. The movie we saw last night was fantastic.
A. that
B. what
C. whose
D. Who
2. The young lady is interviewing Lin Zhixuan about the program I am a singer is from 21st Century Talent Net.
A. who
B. whom
C. which
D. whose
3. —Do you know ?
—He is a dentist.
A. where he is from
B. where is he from
C. what does his father do
D. what his father is
4. —I don’t know .
—Because he has to look after his mother．
A. why he is leaving
B. why is he leaving
C. whether he is leaving
D. whether is he leaving
5. —Did the radio say ?
—Yes，from Hunan.
A. how the bad rice came
B. where the bad rice came from
C. how did the bad rice come
D. where did the bad rice come from
6. —Dad, please tell me when Mum . I miss her very much. —She will return when she her task. And she will bring a nice present for you.
A. returns; finishes
B. returns; will finish
C. will return; finishes
D. will return; will finish
7. Could you say it again? I can’t understand you are talking about.
A. how
B. when
C. what
D. which
8. —What are you looking for?
—I’m looking for the watch I bought yesterday.
A. which
B. who
C. whose
9. —Tell me .
—Well, it’s like …
A. what is wrong with it
B. what is it
C. what the matter is with it
D. what is it like
10. It’s bad for health to hurry to move into a house has new
furniture in it.
A. who
B. where
C. that
11. I still remember the college and the teachers I visited in London years ago.
A. what
B. who
C. that
D. which
12. —Have you asked the policeman ?
—Yes. He told us to turn left onto Main Street. It’s on the right.
A. if there is a bank near here
B. how can we get to the nearest bank
C. where can we find a bank
D. when we can go to the nearest bank
13. Do you know I saw yesterday? It was my favorite star, Jackie!
A. whom
B. when
C. where
D. how
14. A friend is someone says, “What! You too? I thought I was the only one!”
A. who
B. Which
C. What
D. whose
15. —Could you please tell me ?
—Yes. There is one on Center Street.
A. where can I buy some stamps
B. when you will take your vacation
C. when was the telephone invented
D. if there are any good restaurants around here
16. —Do you know of Guo Mingyi?
—Yes. He is an ordinary(普通的)worker helps many poor children in China. We should
follow his example.
A. that
B. which
C. whom
17. — Do you know the girl in blue is?
—I’m not sure. Maybe a teacher.
A. whose
B. how
C. what
D. which
18. —What kind of music do you like?
—I like music I can dance to.
A. that
B. where
C. who
19. I’ll probably stay with my friends I get my own place to live in .
A. before
B. when
C. after
D. because
20. I don’t understand that everything’s fine when it’s not.
A. how can he say
B. can he say how
C. he can say how
D. how he can say
21. If the weather fine, we have a sports meeting this weekend.
A. will be; will
B. is; will
C. was; would
22. She is the girl invention got the first prize in the school competition .
A. who
B. that
C. which
D. whose
23. I am in trouble, my best friend Li Lei always helps me.
A. Whenever
B. Whatever
C. However
D. never
24. He dressed________ quickly _______ he put his shoes on the wrong feet.
A. so ...as
B. such ...that
C. so...that
25. ________our teacher is ill, ________he still comes to our class to teach us.
A. though; but
B. Though; /
C. Although; but
26. Helen didn’t know anything about it her father told her.
A. if
B. because
C. after
D. Until
27. One important aim of our school is to prepare us for the future________ we can face all the challenges with confidence.
A. so far
B. so that
C. even if
D. if only
28. You can use English or Chinese________ you travel in Singapore.
A. whether
B. whatever
C. where
D. if
29. Grace is going to give much money to charity, ________ she is not rich enough.
A. if
B. unless
C. since
D. though
30. Your dream won’t come true________ you know what your dream is.
A. after
B. unless
C. while
D. since
31. Tony never spends money on buying books________ he doesn’t like reading.
A. but
B. because
C. though
D. until
32. ________ you read it, you can’t imagine how moving the story is.
A. Unless
B. Because
C. Although
33. —The local living conditions(条件) have improved a lot________
China
set up the city of Sansha.
—And more and more people would like to go there for business.
A. before
B. when
C. since
D. after
34. This is the school we visited last year.
A. that
B. where
C. who
D. whose
35. —What are you doing this weekend?
—We are going hiking if it .
A. will rain
B. doesn’t rain
C. rains
36. We’re talking about “China Dream” these days, It’s attractive
all of the Chinese people are interested in it.
A. such; that
B. so; that
C. too; to
37. Many people do not realize the importance of health________ they have fallen ill.
A. until
B. while
C. when
D. after
38. The house Lu Xun used to live is now a museum.
A. which
B. that
C. in which
D. there
39. the children have fun, parents can take dance lessons on the beach.
A. When
B. If
C. While
D. Once
40. —We can’t be successful________ we keep working hard.
—I agree with you.
A. if
B. unless
C. because
D. when
答案与解析：
1-5 AADAB 6-10 CCAAC 11-15 CAAAD 16-20 ACAAD 21-25 BDACB 26-30 DBDDB 31-35 BACAB 36-40 BACCB
初中英语语法——三大从句汇总 在英语中，主要有三大从句，即名词性从句（包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句）、形容词性从句（即定语从句）、副词性从句（即 状语从句,包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等）。以 下是一些基本的从句的语法知识点 A、定语从句专项讲解与训练 一、定语从句概念 定语从句（attributive clause），顾名思义，就是一个句子作定语从属于主句。定语一般是由形容词充当，所以定语从句又称作形容词从句。另外，定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的，故又称作关系从句。 定语从句一般放在它所修饰的名词或代词之后，这种名词或代词被称作先行词。请看示例： The woman who lives next door is a teacher. 先行词定语从句 在所有的从句中，算定语从句最难掌握，因为汉语里没有定语从句，汉语里只有定语，而且总是放在名词之前来修饰名词。 二、关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词代替前面的先行词，并且在定语从句中充当句子成分，可以作主语、宾语、定语等。常见的关系代词有：who, that, which。它们的主格、宾格和所有格如下表所示： 先行词主格宾格所有格 人 who whom whose 物 which which whose of which 人、物 that that — （一）关系代词who, whom和 whose的用法 who代替人，是主格，在定语从句中作主语。例如： An architect is a person who designs buildings. 建筑师是设计房屋的人。
I will never forget the teacher who taught us chemistry in the first year of my senior middle school.我将永远不会忘记在高一时教我们化学的那位老师。 Anyone who wants to apply for this job must send us the resume by email first. 想应聘这个职位的任何人都必须先通过电子邮件向我们发送简历。whom代替人，是宾格，在定语从句作宾语，在非正式英语常可省略。例如：Do you know the gentleman whom we met in the school library yesterday? 昨天我们在学校图书馆里遇到的那位先生你认识吗？ This is the student whom my father taught ten years ago.这是我爸爸十年前教的学生。 The girl who I saw is called Mary. 我见到的那个女孩名叫玛丽。（在非正式英语中，主格who代替了宾格whom，亦可省略） whose一般代替人，有时亦可代替物，是所有格，在定语从句作定语。例如：The girl student whose father is a senior engineer used to study abroad. 其父是一位高级工程师的那个女学生过去在国外留学。 Do you know the name of the hotel whose window we can see here? 我们这儿能看到窗户的那个宾馆叫什么名字，你知道吗？（关系代词whose指代先行词hotel，正式用法应该用of which。whose window=the window of which，意思是：the window of the hotel。） （二）关系代词which的用法 which代替物，在定语从句作主语或宾语，作宾语时还可省略。例如： I do not like stories which have unhappy endings. 我不喜欢有不幸结局的小说。（which可以换成that） Tom works for a factory which makes watches. 汤姆在一个制表厂工作。（which可以换成that） （三）关系代词that的用法 that既可指人又可指物，在当代英语中大多指物，在定语从句作主语或宾语，作宾语时还可省略。例如： Is she the girl that sells newspapers? 她是卖报纸的那个女孩吗？（that可以换成who） Where is the ice-cream that was in the fridge?
中考从句讲与练 定语从句： （一）基础：引导词---who, which, that, whom, 练习1.I like cities___________are quiet and clean. 2.I prefer students _________are hard- working. 3.I hate TV shows _________ are noisy and boring. 4.The music __________ is gentle and quiet attracts me a lot. 5.The food __________tastes delicious is not always healthy. 6.Those boys ___________ are playing basketballs over there are from Class Fifteen. 7.The books ____________ are written by Lu Xun are worth reading. 8.The town ___we visited last week is much larger than before.9.The book ___ he bought is very interesting. （二）特例：只用that的情况 1先行词被___________或___________所修饰，或本身是______________________时，只能用 that， 2.被修饰的先行词为 ________________________________________________等不定代词时, 只能用 that. 3.先行词被 _____________________________________________等词修饰时，只能用 that，而不用 which。 4.先行词里同时含有______________________，如I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room. 5. 以______________________引导的特殊疑问句，只能用that.如： Who is the girl that is crying? 练习1. I am interested in everything___ is about the 2006 World Cup. 2. Is there anything___I can do for you? 3. This is the very bike ______I lost 4.To my surprise, he gave me nothing __ I need. 5.This is the best dictionary __ I have ever used. 6. He was the first person _______passed the exam. 7.He talked happily about the men and books________interested him greatly. （三）whose 1. The student ______father works in the factory is sitting there. 2. I like the rooms ______windows face south. 3. This is the desk ______legs were broken. 4The woman ___ umbrella you took is angry about it.5.Here comes a girl ___ handwriting is the best . 6The banana __skin is green can’t be eaten.7That tall tree _ leaves are yellow is very old. （四）从句谓语单复数由先行词确定，时态由从句时间状语决定，不必跟主句保持一致。 1-He is one of the boys who ____ (doesn’t, don’t) finish doing homework. 2-I like films which ____(be) exciting and interesting. 3-Children who often ____(eat) junk food are easy to become fat and unhealthy. 4-That boy who _____(run) fastest is from our class. 5Those boys who ____ playing the guitar are from our school. (be) 6The trees which _____ (be) watered yesterday belong to them. 7The man who ____ over there is our teacher.(stand) 8Those boys who ____ playing the guitar are from our school. (be) 9Mr. Brown is one of the foreign experts _______ _________ (work) in China. 10I’m one of the boys ______ ________(like) English best. (五)“介词＋关系代词”注意：介词的选用要考虑： A.与先行词的搭配关系 1）I will never forget the day __________ I joined the army. 2) I will never forget the days ______ I worked here. 3) I will never forget the year ____________ my son went to college. B. 与谓语动词的搭配习惯 1）Have you found the book ________I paid 29 dollars? 2）Have you found the book ________I spent 29 dollars? 3)Have you found the book _____________we learnt a lot? 4) Have you found the book _______she often talks? 关系副词的用法 练习：1. It must be a good place ________________we can do a lot of exercise.
从句 从句按其在主句中的句法功能可分为三类: 即名词性从句、形容词性从句(即定语从句)和副词性从句(即状语从句)。 引导从句的词称作关联句. 一、名词性从句 引导这些名词性从句的关联词包括: 从属连词that, if, whether; 连接代词 who,whoever,whom,whomever,which,whichever,what,whatever,wh ose; 连接副词where, when, why, how。 其中, 从属连词只起连接作用, 在从句中不充当任何句法成分, 而连接代词和连接副词既起连接作用, 在从句中又充当一定的成分. That Owen should have married his cousin is not at all surprising. The fact is that he didn't go to the dinner party. I don't know if he will attend the meeting. Have you heard the news that Mary is going to marry Tom? 你听说玛丽要和汤姆结婚的消息了吗?(that引导同位语从句) [提示]
1. 在含有主语从句的复合句中, 为保持句子平衡, 常用it作形式主语,而将真正的主语从句置于句末. It's well-known that water is indispensable to life.(形式主语) 2. 为保持句子平衡, that引导的宾语从句也常用it代替, 而将真正的宾语从句置于主句句末。这常常出现在主句有形容词或分词作宾语补足语的情况下。 He made it quite clear that he preferred to live here. 3. 从属连词whether和if都作“是否…”解, 但if不可引导主语从句和表语 从句。whether可与or(not)连用, 而if不可以。 I don't know whether (if) she is at home. Whether she comes or not makes no difference. 4. that和what引导名词性从句的区别: that在从句中不充当成分,而what在从句中充当一定的成分, 如主语、表语、宾语等。that可省略, what则不可省。 He always means what he says. She suggested (that) he do it at once. 5. 同位语从句大多由从属连词that引导, 常跟在下列名词后面, 如fact, idea, opinion, news, hope, belief等, that不可省。同位语从句一般用来解释说明这些名词的具体含义和内容。 We are familiar with the idea that all matter consists of atoms. The news that we are invited to the conference is very encouraging.
宾语从句专项练习 1. The teacher said the moon___ round the earth. A. travelled B. has travelled C. travels D. had travelled 2. Do you know _____ they listened to yesterday mor ning? A. what B when C why D how 3. Could you tell me ___? A. when will they leave Beijing B. when would they le ave Beijing C. when they will leave Beijing D. when di d they leave Beijing 4. —Where is Mike? —He is away to spend his holiday. He's gone either to H ainan or to Wuhan, but I'm not sure _____. A. that B. which C. where D. there 5. I was told _____ Bill Gates was thirteen he began to play with computers. A. that how B. how that C. whe n that D. that when 6. They don't know ______their p arents are. A that B what C why D which 7. Can you tell me___ you were born, Tom? A. who B. what C. when D. that 8. She asked Rose if___ go and get some. A. could she B. she could C. she can D. she may 9. I don't know _________ he will come tomorrow. __ _______ he comes, I'll tell you． A. if; Whether B. whether; Whether C. if; That D. if; If 10. I can't understand _________. A. what does Christmas mean B. what Christmas d oes mean C. what mean Christmas does D. what C hristmas means 11. The boys asked if they ____ some food and drinks with them. A. took B. take C. takes D . will take 12. I don't feel very well. Mum asked me _____ this m orning. A. what the matter is B. what is wrong C. wh at the matter was D. what wrong was 13. Did you kno w ____? A. who he was looking after B. who was he loo king for C. who he is looking for D. who he i s looking after 14. I don't know ___ they have passed the exam. A. what B. if C. when D. where B 15. I don't know _________ the day after tomorrow. A. when does he come B. how will he come C. if he comes D. whether he'll come 16. Mary said that she ___ to Beijing. A. has never gone B. had never gone C. has never bee n D. had never been 17. Please tell me ______what last year. A. where does your brother work B where did your brother work C where your brother works D wher e your brother worked 18. —I don't know _____ Mr. Smith will come to see u s. —He will help us with our English. A. why B. when C. how D. where 19. He asked me if I knew ______. A. whose pen is it B. whose pen it was C. whose pen it is D. whose pen was it 20. I don't know _________. C an you tell me, please? A. how the two actors are old B. how old are the t wo actors C. the two actors are how old D. how ol d the two actors are 21. The students want to know w hether they___ dictionary today. A. had B. has C. will have D. are 22. —We never know _____ the old woman is. —The y say she is a teacher. A. what B. who C. which D. where 23. You must reme mber ________. A. what your teacher said B. what did your teacher sa y C. your teacher said what D. what has your teacher said 24. I hardly understand. ___ she has told me. A. t hat B. what C. which D. who 25. Do you know where _________ now? A. she lives B. does she live C. she lived D. di d she live 26. I don't know _____ she still lives here af ter so many years. A. whether B where C. what D. wh en 27. —Do you know _____? I'm going to see him. —So rry, I don't know. A. where does Mr. Wang live B. where did Mr. Wang li ve C. where Mr. Wang lives D. where Mr. Wang lived 28. I want to know _________. A. whom is he looking after B. whom he is looki ng C. whom is he looking D. whom he is looki ng after 29. She didn't know___ back soon. A. whether he would be B. if would he be C. he will be D. he will 30.She asked me _____told me the acci dent. A whom B which C who D whose 31. Could you tell us _________ the nearest school is? A. what B. how C. whether D. where 32. D o you know what time _________? A. the flight leave B. does the flight leave C. will the flight leave D. the flight leaves 33. Could you tell me _________ the TV without any help? A. how did she mend B. what did she mend C. how she mended 1 / 6
中考英语三大从句练习及答案解析 定语从句： （一）基础：引导词---who, which, that, whom, 练习1.I like cities___________are quiet and clean. 2.I prefer students _________are hard- working. 3.I hate TV shows _________ are noisy and boring. 4.The music __________ is gentle and quiet attracts me a lot. 5.The food __________tastes delicious is not always healthy. 6.Those boys ___________ are playing basketballs over there are from Class Fifteen. 7.The books ____________ are written by Lu Xun are worth reading. 8.The town ___we visited last week is much larger than before.9.The book ___ he bought is very interesting. （二）特例：只用that的情况 1先行词被___________或___________所修饰，或本身是______________________时，只能用 that， 2.被修饰的先行词为 ________________________________________________等不定代词时, 只能用 that. 3.先行词被 _____________________________________________等词修饰时，只能用 that，而不用which。 4.先行词里同时含有______________________，如I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room. 5. 以______________________引导的特殊疑问句，只能用that.如： Who is the girl that is crying? 练习1. I am interested in everything___ is about the 2006 World Cup. 2. Is there anything___I can do for you? 3. This is the very bike ______I lost 4.To my surprise, he gave me nothing __ I need. 5.This is the best dictionary __ I have ever used. 6. He was the first person _______passed the exam. 7.He talked happily about the men and books________interested him greatly. （三）whose 1. The student ______father works in the factory is sitting there. 2. I like the rooms ______windows face south. 3. This is the desk ______legs were broken. 4The woman ___ umbrella you took is angry about it.5.. 6The banana __skin is green can’t be eaten.7That tall tree _ leaves are yellow is very old. （四）从句谓语单复数由先行词确定，时态由从句时间状语决定，不必跟主句保持一致。 1-He is one of the boys who ____ (doesn’t, don’t) finish doing homework. 2-I like films which ____(be) exciting and interesting. 3- 4-That boy who _____(run) fastest is from our class. 5Those boys who ____ playing the guitar are from our school. (be) 6The trees which _____ (be) watered yesterday belong to them. 7The man who ____ over there is our teacher.(stand) 8Those boys who ____ playing the guitar are from our school. (be) 9Mr. Brown is one of the foreign experts _______ _________ (work) in China. 10I’m one of the boys ______ ________(like) English best. (五)“介词＋关系代词”注意：介词的选用要考虑： A.与先行词的搭配关系 1）I will never forget the day __________ I joined the army. 2) I will never forget the days ______ I worked here. 3) I will never forget the year ____________ my son went to college.
【初中英语语法——三大从句之表语从句】 【表语从句】 表语从句就是用一个句子作为表语。说明主语是什么或者怎么样，由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语充当，和连系动词一起构成谓语。 表语从句只能置于主句之后，而主句的动词只能是联系动词。 名词性从句在be等系动词后作表语时被称为表语从句，例如： T he problem is how we can get the things we need.问题是我们怎样能弄到我们需要的东西。(how 在表语从句中充当方式状语)// The s cissors are not what I need. 这把剪刀不是我所需要的。(what 在表语从句中充当宾语)// What I told him was that I would find h im a good play. 我告诉他的是我会给他找个好剧本。(what在主语从句中作直接宾语， that作为表语从句的引导词在该表语从句中不充当句子成分，不能省略)// That is what I want to tell you.那就是我想要对你讲的。(what在表语从句中充当直接宾语)// That is why she failed to pass the exam. 那就是她考试不及格的原因。(why 在表语从句中充当原因状语) “That is why...”是常用句型，意为“这就是……的原因/因此……”，其中why引导的名词性从句在句中作表语，该句型通常用于针对前面已经说明过的原因进行总结，又如： That is why you se
e this old woman before you know, Jeanne. 珍妮，这就是现在这 个老太婆出现在你面前的原因。(前文提到Jeanne对老妇人显得苍老憔悴深感诧异，说话人对她讲述了其中的原因之后，用这一句来进行概括)。// That is why I came. 这就是我来的原因。 下面是两个与“That is why...”形式相似的结构，它们与“Tha t is why...”结构之间的关系要能够辨析清楚： (1)“That is why...”与“That is the reason why...”同义，只不过从语法结构上讲，“That is the reason why...”中why引 导的是—个定语从句，将其中的the reason去掉则与“That is why...”结构一样，例如： That is (the reason) why I cannot agree. 这就是我不能同意 的理由。 (2)“That is because...”句型中从属连词because引导的名词 性从句在此作表语，这也是个常用句型，意为“这就是为什么……/ 因为……”。“That is because...”与“That is why...”之间的不同在于“That is because...”指原因或理由，“That is why...” 则指由于各种原因所造成的后果，例如： He did not see the film last night. That is because he ha d to help his littl e sister with her homework.昨天晚上他没有
初中英语语法宾语从句讲解 小口诀： 宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词；主句一般现在时，从句不需受限制； 主句一般过去时，从句须用相应时；陈述转化that引，一般疑问用if/whether, 特殊问句疑问词，引导词后陈述式。 一．基本讲解来源：直接引语变间接引语 概念:在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句。 Eg: He said,“I am good at drawing”. He said he was good at drawing. (动词宾语) 1.引导词 (1) that引导宾语从句时，通常用陈述句充当, that可省略。 Eg: She said,“I want to go there ”She said (that) she wanted to go there. (2) whether 或if 引导的宾语从句,由一般疑问句/选择疑问句充当，陈述语序。 Eg: “Are you interested in geography?” she said. She asked if/whether I was interested in geography. I wonder if /whether she has told the new to Li Lei . I’m not sure whether he will come or not. 注意：一般情况下，whether 和if 可以互用，但有些情况例外 a. 介词短语后只用whether 不用if eg: We are talking about whether we'll go on the panic. b. 引导词与动词不定式或or not 连用时，只用whether. eg:I can?t say whether or not he will come on time c. if当如果讲时,引导的是条件状语从句，表示‘如果’，不能用whether. Eg: If you want to be a good teacher, it will take times. Whether you can succeed depends on how much effort you pay. (3).特殊疑问词引导宾语从句时，不可省略，陈述句语序。 特殊疑问词为：how , when, where, why ,which whose. E.g. …What do you want?? He asked. He asked me what I wanted. I have no idea where he is now. I don?t know how to deal with it. He asked whose handwriting is the best in the class. 2.宾语从句时态 a.主句为一般现在时，从句不受主句的限制 eg: Do you know if/whether he has seen the film? I?m sorry to hear that your father is ill. She says she is going to go to Beijing next week. He tells me that his sister came back yesterday. b.当主句是一般过去时，从句用过去的相应某种时态 She didn?t know why the boy was late again. (过去一般) I didn't know if/whether he had seen the film.（过去完成） I wondered when she was going to America.（过去将来） 注意：当主句是一般过去时，而从句表示的是客观真理，自然现象，科学原理，格言等，从句仍然要用一般现在时。例如： Eg: He said （that the earth moves round the sun. / that light travels much faster than sound.）The teacher told us （seeing is believing.）
中考英语三大从句练习及答案解析
中考从句讲与练 定语从句： （一）基础：引导词---who, which, that, whom, 练习1.I like cities___________are quiet and clean. 2.I prefer students _________are hard- working. 3.I hate TV shows _________ are noisy and boring. 4.The music __________ is gentle and quiet attracts me a lot. 5.The food __________tastes delicious is not always healthy. 6.Those boys ___________ are playing basketballs over there are from Class Fifteen. 7.The books ____________ are written by Lu Xun are worth reading. 8.The town ___we visited last week is much larger than before.9.The book ___ he bought is very interesting. （二）特例：只用that的情况 1先行词被___________或___________所修饰，或本身是______________________时，只能用 that，2.被修饰的先行词为 ________________________________________________等不定代词时, 只能用that. 3.先行词被 _____________________________________________等词修饰时，只能用 that，而不用which。 4.先行词里同时含有______________________，如I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room. 5. 以______________________引导的特殊疑问句，只能用that.如： Who is the girl that is crying? 练习1. I am interested in everything___ is about the 2006 World Cup. 2. Is there anything___I can do for you? 3. This is the very bike ______I lost 4.To my surprise, he gave me nothing __ I need. 5.This is the best dictionary __ I have ever used. 6. He was the first person _______passed the exam. 7.He talked happily about the men and books________interested him greatly. （三）whose 1. The student ______father works in the factory is sitting there. 2. I like the rooms ______windows face south. 3. This is the desk ______legs were broken. 4The woman ___ umbrella you took is angry about it.5.Here comes a girl ___ handwriting is the best . 6The banana __skin is green can’t be eaten.7That tall tree _ leaves are yellow is very old. （四）从句谓语单复数由先行词确定，时态由从句时间状语决定，不必跟主句保持一致。 1-He is one of the boys who ____ (doesn’t, don’t) finish doing homework. 2-I like films which ____(be) exciting and interesting. 3-Children who often ____(eat) junk food are easy to become fat and unhealthy. 4-That boy who _____(run) fastest is from our class. 5Those boys who ____ playing the guitar are from our school. (be) 6The trees which _____ (be) watered yesterday belong to them. 7The man who ____ over there is our teacher.(stand) 8Those boys who ____ playing the guitar are from our school. (be) 9Mr. Brown is one of the foreign experts _______ _________ (work) in China.