浦东新区2019学年度第一学期期末教学质量检测
高三英语试卷
考生注意：
1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。
2.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3.答题前，务必在答題纸上填写准考证号和姓名。
I.Listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions:In Section A,you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation,a question will be asked about what was said.The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and a question about it,read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1.A.At a bank.B.At a post office.C.At a travel agency.D.At an airport.
2.A.Waiter.B.Salesman. C.Mechanic. D.Accountant.
3.A.June3rd.B.June13th.C.July13th. D.July30th.
4.A.Business management.B.British literature.
C.Popular science.
D.Classical music.
5.A.Carry a lot of cash on her.
B.Cancel the trip to the U.S.
C.Search for information online.
D.Try various payment methods.
6.A.He will give priority to the lecture.
B.He will deliver a lecture to the graduates.
C.He will attend the graduation ceremony.
D.He will prepare presents for the graduates.
7.A.Jack has paid off all the debts through hard work.
B.Jack and Sam have won the first place in the contest.
C.They relaxed themselves the whole summer holiday.
D.The robot contest was held in the innovation laboratory.
8.A.Peter hardly notices the changes in his class.
B.Peter has greatly changed his personality.
C.The man was surprised to learn Peter’s success.
D.Peter has received training in delivering speeches.
9.A.The woman forgot to prepare the gifts.
B.The gifts were purchased at the airport.
C.The man is very pleased with the picture.
D.The special gifts appeal to the man greatly.
10.A.He didn’t take any pictures at the ceremony.
B.He forgot to take his cell phone to the ceremony.
C.He couldn’t record every detail because he ran away.
D.He took only a few photos because of the limited storage.
Section B
Dierctions:In Section B,you will hear two short passages and a longer conversation, and you will be asked some questions on the passages and the conversation.The passages and the conversation will be read twice,but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions11through13are based on the following passage.
11.A.By donating money to help those in poverty-stricken areas.
B.By reducing the price of the food that has gone bad.
C.By giving away tons of food to developing nations every year.
D.By launching a store selling food once thrown into the trash bin.
12.A.The general public.B.The low-income people.
C.The charity staff.
D.The retailers.
13.A.$1trillion. B.$700,000.C.$30,000.D.$50,000.
Questions14through16are based on the following passage.
14.A.Snow or ice sculptures.B.Parades on roads.
C.Chalk drawings on pavements.
D.Sand paintings.
15.A.He prefers to do his art work alone.
B.He mostly creates his works in cities.
C.He usually spends a short while creating.
D.He has attracted many people in fashion industry.
16.A.Why art is not easy to forget.
B.The history of temporary art.
C.A“temporary”artist and his works.
D.How to make impressive temporary art.
Questions17through20are based on the following conversation.
17.A.How English food is made.
B.Why Indian foods are often tasteless.
C.Why foods in some countries are spicy.
D.How spicy food was introduced into England.
18.A.The food in cold regions is usually tasty.
B.The climate has little effect on the local food.
C.India and England have quite similar climates.
D.Spicy food causes people to sweat,cooling them off.
19.A.They cover the bad smells of food.
B.They give the food a unique flavor.
C.They slow down the growth of bacteria.
D.They come in handy where there is no refrigerator.
20.A.The mention of garlic and onion makes the woman hungry.
B.The plants and bacteria can live in harmony to some extent.
C.The unique flavor of the plants has contributed to their survival.
D.It takes longer time for those plants like onions and garlic to grow.
II.Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each
blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.
A New Hero is Here to Save the Day
It’s thought that when a hero like Batman is blessed with great power,he or she must endure loneliness and suffering as a result.The Flash(闪电侠),however, makes a fun,lightning-quick and optimistic superhero.After the wild success of TV series Arrow,a TV network launched The Flash,___1___(show)the image of this Superhero,who was only a supporting character in Arrow.
Like Spiderman,who gained the ability to make webs and climb walls after he ___2___(bite)by a spider,Barry Allen in The Flash was shocked into superhero-status by accident.A strike from a lightning put Allen into a nine-month unconscious state,and when he emerged,he found himself___3___(equip)with super speed.
Naturally,Allen slips on a colorful suit and becomes the Flash,
a hero___4___extreme speed to fight super-powered bad guys.But the Flash also has other purposes,namely finding out the truth behind his mother’s death and his father’s unjust imprisonment.
In line with superhero series standards,The Flash features action and
eye-popping special effects.There’s nothing terribly innovative here,but___5___ we do get is a unique superhero with a more unusual personality.___6___Allen has gone through unpleasant childhood experience,in this show he grows into a superhero___7___powers include optimism.He’s got a group of scientists that not only save his life,but also provide him with emotional support and the tools necessary___8___(fight)crime.
A big surprise for me was that The Flash cast Prison Break star Wentworth Miller as a bad character,who uses a gun that___9___turn anything into https://www.doczj.com/doc/6212636194.html, shows began their entrance into the Chinese market with Friends,but Prison Break pushed interest in US TV series to a new height largely thanks to Miller’s wonderful acting. Now Miller’s back to act in The Flash.___10___is a nice surprise that this new show serves as a platform for Prison Break fans to revisit their old favorite,
although this time around he’s an antagonist(反派角色).
【答案】1.showing
2.was bitten/had been bitten
3.equipped
4.with
5.what
6.Although/though
7.whose8.to fight
9.can10.It
【解析】
本文是说明文。文章介绍了一家电视网推出的《闪电侠》这部美国电视剧。
【1题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在电视剧《绿箭侠》大获成功之后，一家电视网推出了《闪电侠》，展示了这位超级英雄，他在《绿箭侠》中只是配角的形象。a TV network与show之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，用现在分词做状语。故填showing。
【2题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：就像蜘蛛侠在被蜘蛛咬伤后获得了结网和爬墙的能力一样，《闪电侠》里的巴里·艾伦也意外地成了超级英雄。he与bite之间是被动关系，根据“gained”判断此处用一般过去时，主语是he，谓语动词用第三人称单数；也可理解成这一动作发生在gained 之前，也就是过去的过去，用过去完成时，所以用一般过去时的被动语态或过去完成时的被动语态。故填was bitten/had been bitten。
【3题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：当他出现时，他发现自己拥有了超快的速度。此处为“find+宾语+宾补”结构，be equipped with表示“装备有”，此处去掉be做宾语补足语。故填equipped。【4题详解】
考查介词。句意：自然而然地，艾伦穿上了一套色彩鲜艳的衣服，成为了闪电侠，一个有着极快的速度与超能力的坏人战斗的英雄。分析句子结构可知此处需要填介词，根据句意可知，此处表示“具有”，可以使用介绍with。故填with。
【5题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：但我们得到的是一个独特的超级英雄，有着更不寻常的个性。此处为主语从句，从句中的get缺少宾语，应使用连接代词what引导。故填what。
【6题详解】
考查让步状语从句。句意：虽然艾伦经历了不愉快的童年经历，但在这部剧中，他成长为一个拥有乐观精神的超级英雄。根据句意可知前后是让步关系，此处表示“尽管、虽然”。故填Although/Though。
【7题详解】
考查定语从句。句意同上，此处为定语从句，powers与先行词superhero之间是所属关系，应该用关系代词whose在从句中做定语。故填whose。
【8题详解】
考查不定式。句意：他有一群科学家，他们不仅拯救了他的生命，还为他提供了情感支持和必要的打击犯罪的工具。A be necessary to B表示“A对B是必要的”，故填to fight。【9题详解】
考查情态动词。句意：让我大吃一惊的是，《闪电侠》让《越狱》的主演温特沃斯·米勒扮演一个坏角色，他使用的枪可以把任何东西变成冰。空后是动词原形，此处需要填情态动词，根据句意可知，此处表示“有能力、能够”，由空前who uses可知，此处使用一般现在时。故填can。
【10题详解】
考查形式主语。句意：令人惊喜的是，这部新剧成为了《越狱》粉丝们重温旧爱的平台，尽管这一次他是个反派角色。分析句子结构可知此处用it做形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that 从句。故填It。
Section B
Directions:After reading the passage below,fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box.Each word can be used only once.Note that there is one more word than you need.
Criticism of the Fast Fashion
In the2006film version of The Devil Wears Prada,Miranda Priestly,played by Meryl Streep,scolds her unattractive assistant for imagining that high fashion doesn’t affect her.Priestly explains how the deep blue color of the assistant’s sweater was___11___over the years from fashion shows to departments stores and
to the bargain bin in which the poor girl probably found her clothes.
This top-down concept of the fashion business couldn’t be more out of date or in conflict with the mad world described in Overdressed,Elizabeth Cline’s three-year accusation of“fast fashion”.In the last decade or so,___12___in technology have allowed mass-market labels such as Zara,H&M,and Uniqlo to react to trends more quickly and predict demand more___13___.Quicker turnarounds mean less wasted stock,more frequent release,and more profit.These labels encourage style-conscious consumers to see clothes as disposable—meant to last only a wash or two,although they don’t advertise that—and to___14___their wardrobe(衣橱)every few weeks.By offering on-trend items at dirt-cheap prices,Cline argues, these brands have controlled fashion cycles,shaking an industry long___15___to a seasonal pace.
The___16___of this revolution,of course,are not limited to designers.For H&M to offer a$5.95knit miniskirt in all its2,300-plus stores around the world, it must rely on low-wage overseas labor,order in volumes that___17___natural resources,and use massive amounts of harmful chemicals.
Towards the end of Overdressed,Cline introduced her ideal,a Brooklyn woman named Sarah Kate Beaumont,who since2008has made all of her own clothes—and beautifully.But as Cline is the first to note,it took Beaumont decades to perfect her craft;her example can’t be imitated.
Though several fast-fashion companies have made efforts to___18___their impact on labor and the environment—including H&M,with its green Conscious Collection line—Cline believes lasting change can only be made by customers.She exhibits the idealism___19___to many advocates of sustainability,be it in food or in energy.Vanity(虚荣心)is a constant;people will only start shopping more ____20____when they can’t afford not to.
【答案】11.H12.B
13.G14.I
15.A16.K
17.E18.F
19.D20.J
【解析】
本文是说明文。文章批评了快速时尚带来的一些问题。
【11题详解】
考查动词。句意：普里斯特利则向助手解释了她身上这件针织衫所采用的深蓝色是如何在这些年走下时装秀场，进入百货商店，并最终沦落到商品打折处理区的，而这位可怜的姑娘无疑就是在那里淘到了这件衣服。此处缺少动词做谓语，the deep blue color of the assistant’s sweater与之是被动关系，根据空后from fashion shows to departments stores and to the bargain bin可知，此处表示这款时装从上向下的一种流动。reduce“降低”，由空前was可知，此处是过去分词，构成被动语态。故填H。
【12题详解】
考查名词。句意：在过去十年左右的时间，技术的进步已经使得诸如Zara、H&M、优衣库之类的市场大众品牌能够对流行趋势反应得更快，并能更准确的预料到消费者对时尚的需求。此处缺少名词做主语，根据空后in technology可知，此处表示“进步”。advance“进步”，根据后面的谓语动词可知，此处使用名词复数形式。故填B。
【13题详解】
考查副词。句意同上，修饰动词predict用副词，根据react to trends more quickly 可知，此处表示“准确地”。precisely“准确地”。故填G。
【14题详解】
考查动词。句意：这些品牌让对时尚敏感的消费者们将衣服视为洗过一两次就可丢弃的一次性物品，尽管它们并不会公开宣传这点。同时，这些品牌还鼓励消费者们每隔几周就把自己衣橱中的衣服更新换代一次。空前的to为不定式符号，此处需要填动词原形，根据These labels encourage style-conscious consumers to see clothes as disposable—meant to last only a wash or two可知，此处表示“更新”。renew“更新”，空前to是不定式符号，应填原形。故填I。
【15题详解】
考查形容词。句意：克莱恩认为，这些品牌通过以超低价销售潮流服装的模式，控制了时尚周期，从而动摇了这个长久以来习惯于以季节为单位更新的行业。根据空前的these brands have controlled fashion cycles,可知，此处表示“习惯于”，be accustomed to表示“习惯于”，此处去掉be做后置定语。故填A。
【16题详解】
考查名词。句意：当然，这场革命的受害者并不局限于设计师。此处缺少名词做主语，根据空后说的H&M要想在全球2300多家门店提供价值5.95美元的针织迷你裙，就必须依靠低工资的海外劳动力、大量消耗自然资源的订单以及大量使用有害化学物质。由此可知，此处表示“受害者”。victim“受害者”，根据语境可知，此处使用名词复数形式。故填K。
【17题详解】
考查动词。句意：H&M要想在全球2300多家门店提供价值5.95美元的针织迷你裙，就必须依靠低工资的海外劳动力、大量消耗自然资源的订单以及大量使用有害化学物质。此处缺少动词做谓语，根据natural resources可知，此处表示“消耗”。drain“消耗”。故填E。【18题详解】
考查动词。句意：尽管几家快速时尚公司已经努力将其对劳动力和环境的影响降到最低，但克莱恩相信只有顾客才能做出持久的改变。空前的to为不定式符号，此处需要填动词原形，根据“their impact on labor and the environment”可知，此处表示“使最小化”。minimize“使最小化”。故填F。
【19题详解】
考查形容词。句意：她展示了许多可持续发展倡导者所共有的理想主义，无论是在食品还是能源方面。此处做后置定语修饰名词idealism，be common to表示“对……是共有的”，此处去掉be做后置定语。故填D。
【20题详解】
考查副词。句意：人们永远都会有虚荣心，只有在买不起的时候他们才会开始更可持续地购物。修饰动词短语start shopping用副词，根据when they can’t afford not to可知，此处表示“可持续地”。故填J。
III.Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
The networked computer is an amazing device.It is the first media machine that serves as the mode of production(you can make stuff),means of distribution(you can upload stuff to the network),site of___21___(you can download stuff and
interact with it),and place of praise and criticism(you can comment on the stuff you have downloaded or uploaded).___22___,the computer is the21st century’s culture machine.
But for all the reasons there are to___23___the computer,we must also act with caution.This is because the networked computer has started a secret war between downloading and uploading—between passive consumption and active
___24___—whose outcome will shape our collective future in ways we can only begin to imagine.
All animals download,but only a few upload anything besides faces and their own bodies.Humans are___25___in their capacity to not only make tools but then turn around and use them to create superfluous(过剩的)material goods (paintings,sculpture and architecture)and superfluous experiences(music, literature,religion and philosophy).___26___,it is precisely these superfluous things that define human culture and ultimately what it is to be human. Downloading and consuming culture requires great skills,but___27___to move beyond downloading is to rob oneself of a defining ingredient of humanity.
Despite the possibilities of our new culture machines,most people are still ___28___download mode,brought about by television watching.Even after the
___29___of widespread social media,a pyramid of production remains,with a small number of people uploading material,a slightly larger group commenting on or modifying that content,and a huge percentage remaining satisfied to just
___30___.
The networked computer offers the first chance in50years to___31___the flow caused by TV viewing,to encourage thoughtful downloading and,even more importantly,meaningful uploading.The computer offers the opportunity to bring about a complete___32___from the culture of television and a shift from a consumption model to a production model.This is a historic opportunity.Fifty years of television dominance has given birth to an unhealthy culture.The___33___ is now in our collective grasp.It involves controlling our intake,or downloading, and___34___our levels of activity—uploading.
Of course people will still download.Nobody uploads more than a tiny percentage
of the culture they consume.But using the networked computer as a download-only device,or even a download-mainly device,is a___35___opportunity that history affords us.Therefore,the goal must be to establish a balance between consumption and production.
21.A.celebration B.conversations C.reception D. ceremonies
22.A.Without doubt B.In return C.In particular D.By contrast
23.A.liberate B.celebrate C.concern D.reject
24.A.request B.support C.defense D.creation
25.A.unique B.familiar C.efficient D.loyal
26.A.In addition B.In fact C.For instance D.By the way
27.A.striving https://www.doczj.com/doc/6212636194.html,paring C.failing D. attempting
28.A.optimistic aboutB.unfamiliar with C.stuck in D.ashamed of
29.A.transformation B.emergence C.encounter D. maintenance
30.A.consume B.neglect https://www.doczj.com/doc/6212636194.html,bine D.innovate
31.A.enhance B.quicken C.reverse D.extend
32.A.outcome B.exposure C.break D.
evolution
33.A.puzzle B.cure C.regret D.favor
34.A.analyzing B.maintaining C.featuring D. increasing
35.A.wasted B.treasured C.multiplied D.revised 【答案】21.C22.A23.B24.D25.A26.B27.C28.C29.
B30.A31.C32.C33.B34.D35.A
【解析】
【分析】
本文是说明文。文章介绍了互联网计算机对人类生产创造的意义，我们必须平衡好用互联网计算机被动消费和主动创造二者之间的关系。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它（互联网计算机）是第一台媒体机器，作为生产模式（你可以制作素材）、分配方式（你可以上传素材到网络）、接收站（你可以下载素材并与之互动）、表扬和批评地点（你可以评论你下载或上传的素材）。A.celebration庆祝；B.conversations 会话；C.reception接收；D.ceremonies仪式。括号内所说的你可以下载素材并与之互动是互联网计算机的接收功能，故C项正确。
【22题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：毫无疑问，互联网计算机是21世纪的文化机器。A.Without doubt 毫无疑问；B.In return作为回报；C.In particular尤其、特别；D.By contrast相比之下。根据上文对互联网计算机四方面功能的介绍可知，这些功能使它毫无疑问地成为21世纪的文化机器，故A项正确。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但尽管有为计算机欢呼的种种理由，我们也必须谨慎行事。A. liberate释放；B.celebrate庆祝、欢呼；C.concern涉及；D.reject拒绝。上文提到的网络计算机的功能是我们为计算机欢呼的理由，故B项正确。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是因为互联网计算机在被动消费和主动创造、下载和上传之间展开了一场秘密战争，其结果将以我们只能开始想象的方式塑造我们的集体未来。A.request 请求；B.support支持；C.defense防卫；D.creation创造。与“被动消费”相对的自然是“主动创造”，故D项正确。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：人类的独特之处在于他们不仅能制造工具，而且还会用它们来创建多余的物质(绘画、雕塑和建筑)和多余的体验(音乐、文学、宗教和哲学)。A.unique 独特的；B.familiar熟悉的；C.efficient有效率的；D.loyal忠诚的。空前提到了所有的动物都会下载，但只有少数上传除了自己的脸和身体以外的东西，此处是人类与动物的比
较，突出与其他动物相比，人类的独特之处在于他们不仅能制造工具，而且还会用这些工具继续创造多余的东西，故A项正确。
【26题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：事实上，正是这些多余的东西定义了人类文化，并最终定义了什么是人类。A.In addition此外；B.In fact事实上；C.For instance例如；D.By the way 顺便问一下。上文说与其他动物相比，人类的独特之处在于他们不仅能制造工具，而且还会用这些工具继续创造多余的东西，因此此处是说事实上，正是这些多余的东西定义了人类，故B项正确。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析，句意：下载和消费文化需要高超的技巧，但如果不能超越下载的范畴，就等于剥夺了人性的一种决定性因素。A.striving努力；https://www.doczj.com/doc/6212636194.html,paring比较；C.failing 未能；D.attempting尝试。上文说人类的独特之处在于他们不仅能制造工具，而且还会用这些工具继续创造多余的东西，正是这些多余的东西定义了人类，因此如果不能超越下载的范畴，就等于剥夺了人性的一种决定性因素，故C项正确。
【28题详解】
考查形容词短语辨析。句意：尽管我们的新文化机器带来了各种可能性，但大多数人仍然停留在看电视带来的下载模式。A.optimistic about对……保持乐观；B.unfamiliar with 对……不熟悉；C.stuck in陷入；D.ashamed of对……感到羞愧。根据空前表示让步的“Despite”可知，尽管我们的新文化机器带来了各种可能性，但大多数人仍然停留在看电视带来的下载模式上，故C项正确。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：即使在广泛的社交媒体出现之后，生产的金字塔依然存在，一小部分人上传材料，一小部分人对内容进行评论或修改，还有很大一部分人只满足于消费。A. transformation转换；B.emergence出现；C.encounter遭遇；D.maintenance维护。根据空后的“of widespread social media,a pyramid of production remains”可知，在广泛的社交媒体出现之后，生产的金字塔仍然存在，故B项正确。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.consume消费；B.neglect忽视；https://www.doczj.com/doc/6212636194.html,bine联合；D.innovate 创新。根据空前的“a small number of people uploading material,a slightly larger group commenting on or modifying that content,and a huge percentage remaining satisfied
to just.”可知，一小部分人上传材料，一小部分人对内容进行评论或修改，而很大一部分人只满足于消费，故A项正确。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：互联网计算机提供了50年来第一次扭转人们看电视（消费）的机会，鼓励有思想的下载，更重要的是，有意义的上传。A.enhance加强；B.quicken加快；
C.reverse颠倒、扭转；
D.extend延伸。下文说计算机提供了一个彻底打破电视文化、从消费模式转变为生产模式的机会，因此此处是说互联网计算机扭转了50年来人们只是看电视的局面，故C项正确。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：计算机提供了一个彻底打破电视文化、从消费模式转变为生产模式的机会。A.outcome结果；B.exposure暴露；C.break打破、间断；D.evolution演变。根据空后的“from the culture of television and a shift from a consumption model to a production model.”可知，互联网计算机提供了一个彻底打破电视文化的机会，故C项正确。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：治疗方法现在就在我们的共同掌握之中。A.puzzle谜团；B.cure 治疗、疗法；C.regret遗憾；D.favor偏袒。空前说五十年的电视统治产生了一种不健康的文化，因此此处指对这种不健康文化的治疗方法，故B项正确。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它包括控制我们的接收或下载，增加我们的活动上传水平。A. analyzing分析；B.maintaining维护；C.featuring以……为特色；D.increasing增加。要想利用互联网计算机进行更多的生产创造，自然是要增加上传，故D项正确。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，把联网计算机作为一个只能下载的设备，甚至是一个以下载为主的设备，历史证明这个机会就被浪费了。A.wasted浪费；B.treasured珍爱；C. multiplied增加；D.revised修正。空后说因此，目标必须是在消费和生产之间建立平衡，因此此处是说如果只用互联网计算机用来下载的话，那么这个机会就被浪费了，故A项正确。【点睛】本篇第7空难度较大，抓住上文对人类的独特之处的介绍是关键，根据上文中的“Humans are___5___in their capacity to not only make tools but then turn around and use them to create superfluous(过剩的)material goods(paintings,sculpture
and architecture)and superfluous experiences(music,literature,religion and philosophy).___6___,it is precisely these superfluous things that define human culture and ultimately what it is to be human.”可知，人类的独特之处在于他们不仅能制造工具，而且还会用这些工具继续创造多余的东西，正是这些多余的东西定义了人类文化和人类，因此如果不能超越下载的范畴（用互联网计算机创造多余的东西），就等于剥夺了人性的一种决定性因素，故C项（failing）正确。
Section B
Directions:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given
in the passage you have read.
（A）
Dame Zaha Hadid,the Iraqi-born British architect whose tall structures left
a mark on skylines and imaginations around the world and in the process reshaped architecture for the modern age.
She was not an average designer.She liberated architectural geometry(几何), giving it a whole new expressive identity.Geometry became,in her hands,a vehicle for unprecedented and eye-popping new spaces.Her buildings elevated uncertainty
to an art,conveyed in the odd ways.
Her work implying mobility,speed,freedom and uncertainty spoke to a worldview widely shared by a younger generation.“I am not European,I don’t do conventional work and I am a woman,’’Strikingly Ms.Hadid never allowed herself on her work
to be categorized by her background or her gender.And she was one of a kind,a path breaker.In2004,she became the first woman to win the Pritzker Prize, architecture’s Nobel.
Zaha Hadid was born in Baghdad on October31,1950.Then in1972,she arrived
at the architectural association in London,a center for experimental design.Her teachers included Elia Zenghelis and Rem Koolhaas.“They aroused my ambition,”she would recall,“and taught me to trust even my strangest instincts.”By the 1980s she had established her own practice in London.And she began to draw attention with an unrealized plan in1982—1983for the Peak Club.
Her partner,Patrick Schumacher,played an instrumental and collaborative role in her career.Mr.Schumacher coined the term parametric(参数的)design to include the computer-based approach that helped the firm’s most weird concepts become reality.Ms.Hadid called what resulted in an organic language of architecture, based on these new tools,which allow us to combine highly complex forms into a fluid(流线的)and complete whole.
Her sources were nature,history or whatever she sought useful.When her Rosenthal Center,a relatively modest project,opened in2003,Herbert Muschamp, the architecture critic declared it“the most important American building to be completed since the end of the cold war”.
“She was bigger than life,a force of nature,”as Amale Andraos,the dean of Columbia University’s architecture school,put it,“she was a pioneer.”
She was.For women,for what cities can desire to build and for the art of architecture.
36.What features the structures designed by Zaha Hadid?
A.Free architectural geometry.
B.Conventional design.
C.Odd imagination.
D.Colorful patterns.
37.According to Paragraphs3and4,which of the following statement is TRUE?
A.Zaha Hadid taught herself to trust instincts.
B.The plan for the Peak Club hasn’t been carried out.
C.The architect’s gender influenced her work dramatically.
D.Zaha Hadid was the first architect to win the Pritzker Prize.
38.How did the computer-based approach make a difference to Zaha Hadid’s work?
A.It contributes to realizing the strange ideas.
B.It simplifies the complex structure as a whole.
C.It provides new tools to translate the language.
D.It serves as an instrument to interpret the concepts.
39.The purpose of the passage is to____.
A.present Zaha Hadid’s life experience
B.praise Zaha Hadid’s inspiration and diligence
https://www.doczj.com/doc/6212636194.html,pare Zaha Hadid’s works in different times
D.show Zaha Hadid’s great contributions to architecture
【答案】36.A37.B38.A39.D
【解析】
本文是记叙文。文章讲述了女性建筑家扎哈·哈迪德对城市建筑所做出的贡献。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“She liberated architectural geometry(几何),giving it a whole new expressive identity.Geometry became,in her hands,a vehicle for unprecedented and eye-popping new spaces.”可知，她解放了建筑几何学，赋予它一种全新的表现身份，几何学在她手中成为了一个前所未有的、令人瞠目结舌的新空间的载体。由此可知，扎哈·哈迪德设计的结构特点是自由的建筑几何。故A项正确。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“And she began to draw attention with an unrealized plan in1982—1983for the Peak Club.”可知，1982年至1983年，她为匹克俱乐部制定了一项未实现的计划，开始引起人们的注意。未实现的计划，也就是说她的匹克俱乐部的计划没有被实施。故B项正确。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第四段中的“Mr.Schumacher coined the term parametric(参数的) design to include the computer-based approach that helped the firm’s most weird concepts become reality.”可知，舒马赫创造了“参数化设计”这个术语，以包括基于计算机的方法，这种方法帮助公司将最怪异的概念变成了现实。由此可知，基于计算机的方法有助于实现扎哈·哈迪德的奇怪的想法。故A项正确。
【39题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段中的“Dame Zaha Hadid,the Iraqi-born British architect whose tall structures left a mark on skylines and imaginations around the
world and in the process reshaped architecture for the modern age.”可知，英国建筑家扎哈·哈迪德设计的高大的建筑在世界各地的天际线和想象中留下了印记，并在这一过程中重塑了现代建筑。由此可知，本文主要介绍的就是扎哈·哈迪德对建筑所做出的贡献，故D项正确。
(B)
2020SAN FRANCISCO
WRITERS CONFERENCE
17th Celebration of Craft,Commerce&Community
February13-16,2020at the Hyatt Regency San Francisco
Speakers:*Walter Mosley*Jonathan Maberry*Brooke Warner
Plus authors,editors,publishers&literary agents from New York,L.A.&S.F.Bay
Area
Visit https://www.doczj.com/doc/6212636194.html, to get event/contest/scholarship details,access online
registration for the free SFWC Newsletter.
Considerable Early Discounts and Special Room Rates!
2019SAN FRANCISCO
WRITING FOR CHANGE
A one-day conference for all writers who want to change the world through their
writing.
September14th at the Unitarian Center Details and
registration:
https://www.doczj.com/doc/6212636194.html,
SFWC/San Francisco Writers Foundation is a nonprofit
organization
Behind the Scenes of a Writing Conference
When you attend a writing conference,you see a facade that took months or longer
to make up.Plenty is going on behind the scenes.Let’s take a look behind the curtain.
The day starts long before attendees walk through the door.Registration is
set up,signs posted and tables arranged.Logistics(后勤)all fall on the conference organizers.For example,the annual conference I direct in San Francisco (see the poster above)is a simple one-day conference that takes more than eight months to put together and around15staff and volunteers to https://www.doczj.com/doc/6212636194.html,rger multi-day conferences have even more going on behind the scenes.
Overseeing it all is the conference director,a conductor who typically works with committee directors to make sure everything runs smoothly.Over the course
of the conference,staffers make sure everything stays on track.It’s not unusual for staff to walk miles in a day and go without meals.
Conference staff and volunteers are always behind the curtains making sure your experience is perfect.The next time you attend a well-run writing conference,take
a moment to thank staff and volunteers for their devotion.They deserve all the praise they can get because without them,there would be no conference.
40.The underlined word facade refers to___.
A.the effort behind the scenes
B.the scenes visible to the public
C.the literary masterpiece on display
D.the material distributed at the meeting
41.What’s the latest time to start to arrange for the one-day conference in San Francisco?
A.July,2019.
B.March,209.
C.September,2019.
D.January,2019.
42.According to the writer,the attendees of the2020San Francisco Writers Conference should praise the____.
A.three speakers
B.authors and editors
C.staff and volunteers
D.corporate sponsors
【答案】40.B41.D42.C
【解析】
本文是一篇应用文，介绍了2020年旧金山作家年会的相关信息和幕后筹备工作。
【40题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线词后的“Plenty is going on behind the scenes.”可知，很多事情都是在幕后进行的，因此此处是说当你参加写作会议时，你会看到一个花了几个月甚至更长时间才形成的表面现象，也就是说与幕后发生的事情相比，你看到的只不过是表面现象而已，由此可知划线词指的是“公众可见的场景”。故B项正确。
【41题详解】
推理判断题。根据Behind the Scenes of a Writing Conference部分第二段中的“The day starts long before attendees walk through the door.Registration is set up,signs posted and tables arranged.Logistics(后勤)all fall on the conference organizers. For example,the annual conference I direct in San Francisco(see the poster above) is a simple one-day conference that takes more than eight months to put together”可知，这一天早在与会者走出大门之前就开始了，设立登记处，张贴标志，安排桌子，物流全部由会议组织者负责，例如，我在旧金山主持的年会（见上面的海报）是一个简单的为期一天的会议，总共需要8个多月的时间去准备，再根据海报上的时间“September14th at the Unitarian Center Details and registration:”可知，9月14日在Unitarian中心登记详细信息和注册，而9月14日的八个月以前是1月份。由此可知，安排旧金山为期一天的会议最迟要在2019年1月开始。故D项正确。
【42题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The next time you attend a well-run writing conference, take a moment to thank staff and volunteers for their devotion.”可知，下次你参加一个运行良好的写作会议时，花点时间感谢工作人员和志愿者的奉献。由此可知，作者认为参加2020年旧金山作家年会的人应该称赞此次年会的工作人员和志愿者。故C项正确。
(C)
Each year,backed up by a growing anti-consumerist movement,people are using
the holiday season to call on us all to shop less.
Driven by concerns about resource exhaustion,over recent years environmentalists have increasingly turned their sights on our“consumer culture”. Groups such as The Story of Stuff and Buy Nothing New Day are growing as a movement that increasingly blames all our ills on our desire to shop.
We clearly have a growing resource problem.The produces we make,buy,and use are often linked to the destruction of our waterways,biodiversity,climate and