初三英语知识点总结
Unit1重点知识梳理
一、知识点
1.By: ①通过…..方式（途径）。例：I learn English by listening to tapes.
②在…..旁边。例：by the window/the door
③乘坐交通工具例：by bus/car
④在……之前，到……为止。例：by October在10月前
⑤被例：English is spoken by many people.
2. voice 指人的嗓音，也指鸟鸣sound 指人可以听到的各种声音noise 指噪音、吵闹声
3. find + 宾语+ 宾补（名词形容词介词短语分词等）
例：I find him friendly. I found him working in the garden.
We found him in bed. He found the window closed.
4. 常见的系动词有：①是：am 、is、are ②保持：keep、stay
③转变：become、get、turn ④……起来feel、look、smell、taste、sound
5. get + 宾语+ 宾补（形容词过去分词动词不定式）使某种情况发生
例：Get the shoes clean. 把鞋擦干净Get Mr. Green to come. 让格林先生进来
I want to get my bike repaired. 我想去修自行车
You can’t get him waiting. 你不能让他老等着
6 动词不定式做定语
①与所修饰的名词构成主谓关系
The next train to arrive was from New York. He is always the first to come.
②与所修饰的名词构成动宾关系
I have nothing to say. I need a pen to write with.
I need some paper to write on. I don’t have a room to live in.
7.all、both、always以及every复合词与not连用构成部分否定。其完全否定为：
all—none both—neither everything—nothing everybody—nobody
https://www.doczj.com/doc/612333078.html,plete完成，是个较正式的词，后不能接动名词finish指日常事物的完成
9.a,an 与序数词连用表示―又一‖，―再一‖。
例：Please give me a second apple. There comes a fifth girl.
10.have trouble/difficulty/problem (in) doing….. 干…..遇到麻烦，困难
11.unless 除非，如果不，等于―if not‖本身就表示否定，引导条件状语从句，主句为将来时，条件状语从句用一般现在时表示将来。
例：My baby sister won’t cry unless she’s hungry.=My baby sister won’t cry if she isn’t hungry.
U nless you take more care, you’ll have an accident.如果你不多加小心的话，你会出事的。
12.instead: adv. 代替，更换。
例：We have no coffee, would you like tea instead？我们没有咖啡了，改喝茶好吗？
Stuart was ill, so I went instead. 斯图尔病了，所以换了我去。
instead of 作为某人或某事物的替换
例：Let’s play cards instead of watching TV.
Give me the red one instead of the green one.
13.spoken 口头的，口语的。Spoken English; Speaking 讲话的，说某种语言的。Speaking skills
二、短语：
1．first at all 首先
2．to begin with ( = at first ) 开始
3．the best way to do ( = of doing ) sth. 做的最好方法
4．practice speaking English 练习说英语
5．English – speaking friends 讲英语的朋友
6．writing / listening practice 写作（听力）练习
7．improve my speaking skills 提高我的会话技巧
8．spoken English 英语口语
9．get excited about sth 对…感兴奋
10．get excited about doing ( = to do ) sth. 对做…感兴奋
11．end up with sth. 以…结束
12．end up doing sth. 终止做某事，结束做某事
13．end up speaking in Chinese 以说汉语结束对话
14．make mistakes in spelling ( grammar ) 在拼写（语法）方面犯错误
15. laugh at 嘲笑
16．be afraid of sb. / sth. 害怕某人/物
17．be afraid to do 害怕做，不敢做
18．decide ( not ) to do sth. = decide on doing = make a decision to do sth. 决定（不）做19．enjoy doing 喜欢干…
20. take notes 记笔记
21．have trouble doing sth. = have problems doing sth.
= have a hard ( difficult ) time doing sth. 做....有困难22．have fun doing sth 玩得高兴
23．learn to forget 学会忘记
24．try ( = do ) one’s best to do sth. 尽力做
25．with the help of sb. = with sb.’s help在…的帮助下
26．( how ) deal with = ( what )do with 对待，处理，
27．worry about = be worried about 担心，担忧
28．give sb. some suggestions = give sb. some advice 给某人提建议29．write ( it , them ) down 写下，记下
30．look ( it, them ) up in a dictionary 查字典
31．be angry with sb. = be mad at sb. = be annoyed with sb. 生某人的气32．be angry at / about sth. 对某事生气
33. think of 想起，想到
34．make flashcards 做单词抽认卡
35．make vocabulary lists 做单词表
36．ask…for help 向某人求助37．study for a test 为考试作准备38．that way (=in that way) 通过那种方式40．read aloud 朗读
41．learn a lot 学到许多
42．help a little 有点帮助
43．not …at all 根本不，全然不44．ask sb. about sth. 问某人关于…的事45．feel differently 感受不同
46．be different from = be not the same as 与…不同47．the difference between A and B A与B的区别48．get lots of ( = much ) practice 得到大量的练习50．get the pronunciation right 使发音准确51．make complete sentences with 用…造完整的句子52．feel soft 摸起来柔软53．around the world = all over the world 全世界
54．make up 编造，虚构，化妆，打扮
55．speak English as a second language 把英语当做第二语言来说
56．regard sb. / sth. as = have / take… as = think of… as 把…当做…57．regard problems as challenges 把困难当作挑战
58．solve a problem 解决困难
59．complain about / of sb. / sth. to sb. 向某人抱怨
60．change sth. into 把…变为…
61．compare A with / to B 把…和…作比较
62．break off friendships 中断，突然终止友谊
Unit 2知识要点短语、句型：
https://www.doczj.com/doc/612333078.html,ed to do 过去常常
2.be used to doing … 习惯于作
3.be used to do 被用来作
4.pay ( more )attention to sth. ( doing sth.)对…（更加）注意
5.give up doing = stop doing 放弃做…
6.instead of ( doing ) … 代替, 而不是
7.lose interest in 对…失去兴趣
8.be afraid ( terrified ) of doing sth. 惧怕做
9.be terrified of sth. / sb.=be afraid of 惧怕某人/ 物…
10.go to sleep = fall asleep 入睡
11.all the time = always 一直，总是
12.with the lights on 开着灯….
13.with the door open ( closed ) 开（关）着门
14.take the bus to school = go to school by bus 坐公车去上学
15.spend time doing = take time to do 花时间做…
16.go right home 直接回家
17.daily life 日常生活
18.chat with sb. about sth 和…聊关于…
19.in the last ( past ) few years 在过去的几年里（用于现在完成时）
20.make you stressed out 使你紧张
21.all day (long) = the whole day 整天
22.as +原级+ as sb. can / could =as+原级+ as possible 尽可能…地
23.in the end = at last = finally 最后，终于
24.to one’s surprise 令某人吃惊的是
25.in surprise 吃惊地
26.even though = even if 尽管
27.no longer = not… any longer 不再
28.no more=not… any more 不再
29.take pride in = be proud of 对…感到自豪
30.the pride of 是…的骄傲
31.change one’s life 改变某人的生活
32.change one’s mind 改变某人的主意
33.an eight-year-old boy 一个八岁大的男孩子
34.after his father's death a few years ago 在几年前他爸死后
35.can /can't afford to buy … 能／不能买得起…
36.get into trouble 遇到麻烦
37.be in trouble 处于困境中
38.waste time （money ）浪费时间
39.It is necessary to do… 做…是必要的
要点
1. 反意疑问句的陈述句中含有否定意义的词，如：little, few, never, nothing, hardly等。其反意疑问句用肯定式。如：He knows little English, does he?他一点也不懂英语，不是吗？
They hardly understood it, did they?他们几乎不明白，不是吗?
2. used to do sth. 过去常常做某事
否定形式：didn’t use to do sth. / used not to do sth.
如：He used to play football after school. 放学后他过去常常踢足球。
Did he use to play football? Yes, I did. No, I didn’t.
He didn’t use to smoke. 他过去不吸烟。
3. play the piano弹钢琴
4 . ①be interested in sth. 对…感兴趣
②be interested in doing sth. 对做…感兴趣
如：He is interested in math, but he isn’t interested in speaking English.
5. interest ed adj. 感兴趣的，指人对某事物感兴趣，往往主语是人
interest ing adj.有趣的，指某事物/某人具有趣味，主语往往是物
6. still 仍然，还用在be动词的后面如：I’m still a student.
用在行为动词的前面如：I still love him.
7. all the time 一直、始终
8. 害怕…be terrified of sth.如：I am terrified of the dog.
be terrified of doing sth.如：I am terrified of speaking.
9. on 副词，表示（电灯、电视、机械等）在运转中/打开，其反义词off.
with the light on/off 灯开着
10. walk to somewhere 步行到某处walk to school 步行到学校
11.spend 动词，表示“花费金钱、时间”
①spend…on sth. 在某事上花费（金钱、时间）
②spend…doing sth.花费（金钱、时间）去做某事如：
He spends too much time on clothes. 他花费太多的时间在衣着上。
He spent 3 months building the bridge.他花费了三个月去建这座桥。
pay for 花费如：I pay 10 yuan for the book. 我花了10元买这本书。
12. take动词有“花费”的意思常用的结构有：
take sb. .. to do sth.如：It takes me a day to read the book.
13. chat with sb. 与某人闲聊如：I like to chat with him. 我喜欢和他聊天。
14. worry about sb./ sth. 担心某人/某事worry 是动词
be worri ed about sb./sth. 担心某人/某事worried 是形容词
如：Don’t worry about him. 不用担心他。
Mother is worried about her son. 妈妈担心他的儿子。
15. take sb. to + 地方送/带某人去某个地方如：
A person took him to the hospital. 一个人把他送到了医院。
Liu took me home. 刘把我送回了家。(home 的前面不能用to)
16. hardly adv. 几乎不、没有
hardly ever 很少
hardly 修饰动词时，通常放在助动词、情态动词之后，实义
动词之前助动词/情态动词＋hardly
hardly + 实义动词如：
I can hardly understand them. 我几乎不能够明白他们。
I hardly have time to do it. 我几乎没有时间去做了。
17. go to sleep 入睡18. miss v. 思念、想念、错过
19. in the last few years. 在过去的几年内常与完成时连用如：
I have lived in China in the last few years. 在过去的几年内我在中国住。
20. be different from 与…不同反义词组：be the same as 与…相同
21. try to do sth. 尝试做某事
22. make sb./ sth. + 形容词make you happy
make sb./ sth. + 动词原形make him laugh
23. move to +地方搬到某地如：I moved to Beijing last year.
24. it seems that +从句看起来好像……如：
It seems that he has changed a lot. 看起来他好像变了许多。
25. help sb. with sth.帮某人某事She helped me with English.
help sb. (to ) do sth.帮某人做某事She helped me (to) study English。
26. fifteen-year-old 作形容词15岁的 a fifteen-year-old boy一个15岁的男孩
fifteen-year-olds 作名词指15岁的人Fifteen-year-olds like to sing. 15岁的人喜欢唱歌。
fifteen years old 指年龄15岁如：I am fifteen years old . 我是15岁。
27.支付不起…can’t /couldn’t afford to do sth.
can’t / couldn’t afford sth.
如：I can’t/couldn’t afford to buy the car.
I ca n’t/couldn’t afford the car. 我买不起这辆小车。
28. as + 形容词./副词＋as sb. could/can 尽某人的…能力如：
Zhou run as fast as sher could/can. 周尽她最快的能力去跑。
29. get into trouble with 遇到麻烦
30. in the end 最后31. make a decision 下决定下决心
32. to one’s surprise令某人惊讶如：
to their surprise令他们惊讶to Li Lei’s surprise令李雷惊讶
33. take pride in sth. 以…而自豪如：
His father always take pride in him. 他的爸爸总是以他而自豪
34. give up doing sth. 放弃做某事如：My father has given up smoking.。
35 .不再①no more == no longer如：I play tennis no more/ longer.我不再打网球。
②not …any more == not …any longer如：I don’t play tennis any more/longer.
Unit 3重点知识梳理
一. 知识点
1. used to 过去常常做某事,暗指现在已经不存在的动作或状态. 后跟动词原形.
否定形式为: didn’t use to 或usedn’t to
疑问形式为: Did…use to…? 或Used…to…?
*be/get used to 习惯于, to 为介词.I’m used to getting up early. I get used to getting up early.
2. wear 表示状态. put on 表示动作. dress + 人给某人穿衣服.
3. on the swim team on 是…的成员,在…供职.
4. Don’t you remember me? 否定疑问句.
Yes, I do. 不, 我记得. No, I don’t 是的, 我不记得了.
5. 反意疑问句:
①陈述部分的主语为this, that, 疑问部分主语用it; 陈述部分主语用these, those, 疑问部分用they 做主语.
例: This is a new story, isn’t it? Those are your parents, aren’t they?
②陈述部分是there be 结构, 疑问部分仍用there
例: There was a man named Paul, wasn’t there?
③I am 后的疑问句, 用aren’t I ? 例: I am in Class 2, aren’t I?
④陈述部分与含有not, no, never, few, little, hardly, seldom, neither, none 等词时,疑问部分用肯定.例: Few people liked this movie, did they?
但陈述句中若带有否定前缀或后缀的单词时, 这个句子仍视为肯定, 后面仍用否定.
例: Your sister is unhappy, isn’t she?
⑤陈述部分的主语若为不定式或V-ing 短语, 疑问部分主语用it.
例: To spend so much money on clothes is unnecessary, isn’t it?
⑥陈述句中主语是nobody, no one, everyone, everybody 等指人的不定代词时,疑问部分用they做主语; 若陈述部分主语是something, anything, noting, everything 等指事物的不定代词时, 疑问部分用it 做主语.
例: Nobody says one word about the accident, do they?
Everything seems perfect, doesn’t it?
⑦当主语是第一人称I时, 若谓动为think, believe, guess 等词时, 且其后跟宾丛,这时疑问句部分的人称, 时态要与宾语从句保持一致, 同时还要考虑否定转移.
例: I don’t think he can finish the work in time, can he?
⑧前面是祈使句, 后用will you? (let’s 开头时, 后用shall we?)
6. be terrified of 害怕的程度比be afraid of 深.
7. miss: ①思念, 想念例: I really miss the old days.
②错过, 未中, 未赶上, 未找到. 例: It’s a pity that you miss the bus.
8. no more (用在句中)=not…any more (用在句尾) 指次数;
no longer (用在句中)=not…any longer (用在句尾) 指时间.
9. right: ①adj. 正确的, 对的, 右边的②n. 右方, 权利③adv. 直接地.
10. It seems that Y u Mei has changed a lot. = Yu Mei seems to have changed a lot.
11. afford + n. /pron. afford + to do 常与can, be able to 连用.
例: Can you afford a new car?
The film couldn’t afford to pay such lar ge salaries.
12. as well as 连词, 不但…而且… 强调前者. (若引导主语, 谓动与前者在人称和数上一致例: Living things need air and light as well as water. 生命不仅需要水, 还需要空气和阳光.
13. alone = by oneself 独自一人. lonely 孤独的, 寂寞的.
14. in the last/past + 一段时间during the last/past + 一段时间与现在完成时连用.
15. die (v.) dead (adj.) death (n.) dying (垂死的)
Unit 3 Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes
allow sb to do sth 允许某人做
sb be/not be allowed to do sth 某人被允许/不被允许做…
allow doing sth 允许做…
Susan周末不允许出去玩。
Susan is not allowed to go out to play.
请允许我离开一小会。
Please allow me to leave for a while.
drive : ①驾车,驾驶. ②驱赶,驱使.
例: What drives them to rob the shop? 什么驱使他们去抢商店?
He doesn’t seem to have many friends.
=It seems that he doesn’t have many friends.
=He seems not to have many friends.
?倒装句: So + be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语(前为肯定局) 表示与前面所述事实一致.
?Neither/Nor + be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语(前为否定) 表示与前面所述事实一致.
?例: He likes oranges. So do we.
He doesn’t like oranges. Neither do we.
?Tom can swim. So can John.
Tom can’t swim. Neither can John.
?So +主语+ be动词/助动词/情态动词表示对前面事实的进一步确认.
?例: Henry is very tired. So he is.(的确是)
?He surfed Internet for two hours. So he did.(的确是)
?They will win the game. So they will.(他们会的)
?主＋seem to do sth . 好像
The children seemed to be eating something in the room.
他的体温好像完全正常。
His temperature seems to be all right.
?seem其他用法
（1）seem+形容
那个问题好像很容易。
The question seems quite easy.
（2）seem+名词
那好像是个好主意。
That seems a good idea.
（3）It seems + that 从句
看来没有人知道这件事。
It seemed that nobody knew anything about the matter.
4、“There seem to be +名词”，其中to be 可省略。seem 的单复数形式要根据后面作主语的名词的单复数形式而定。例如：
There doesn’t seem to be much hope of our beating that team.
There seems no need to wait longer.
?fail a test = fail in a test 考试不及格
?be strict with+人. be strict in+事物. 对…严厉
例: The head teacher is strict with his students.
He is strict in the work.
?the other day 前几天,不久前的一天.(用于过去时)
?concentrate on sth/ doing sth全神贯注做…