高中英语语法：It的用法
it可用作人称代词、指示代词、先行词及引导词等。
1. 人称代词it，是第三人称单数中性，代表前文已提到过的一件事物。如：
1）That vase is valuable. It's more than 200 years old. 那个花瓶很珍贵，它有200多年的历史。
2）I love swimming. It keeps me fit. 我喜欢游泳，它能使我保持健康。
当说话者不清楚或无必要知道说话对象的性别时，也可用it来表示。如：
3）It's a lovely baby. Is it a boy or a girl? 宝宝真可爱，是男孩还是女孩？
it可用来指代团体。如：
4）The committee has met and it has rejected the proposal. 委员会已开过会，拒绝了这项建议。
it用以代替指示代词this, that.如：
5）--- What's this? --- It's a pen. —这是什么？—是一支钢笔。
6）--- Whose book is that? --- It's Mike's. —那是谁的书？—是迈克的。
2. 指示代词it，常用以指人。如：
7）Go and see who it is. 去看看是谁。
8）--- Who is making such a noise? —是谁发出这样的吵闹声？
--- It must be the children. —一定是孩子们。
3.虚义it无指代性，常用作没有具体意义的主语，出现于表示天气、气候、温度、时间、地点、距离等意义的句子中。如：
9）It is half past three now. 现在是三点半钟。
10）It is six miles to the nearest hospital from here. 这里离最近的医院也有六英里。
11）It was very cold; it snowed and grew dark.
天气很冷；天下着雪，渐渐地变黑了。
it也常用来表示一般的笼统的情况。如：
12）It's awful—I've got so much work I don't know where to start. 糟透了——我有这么多工作要做我不知从何开始。
13）How is it going with you? 你近况如何？
14）Take it easy. 不要紧张。
it也常用于下列结构：
15）It looks as if the college is very small. 看起来这个学院很小。
16）It seems as though our plan will be perfect. 似乎我们的计划很完善。
17）It's my turn. 该轮到我了。
it也常用于某些习惯用语中作宾语，各该习惯用语有具体意义，但it并无具体意义。如：
cab it 乘车catch it 受责，受罚come it 尽自己分内come it strong 做得过
分walk it 步行make it 办成take it out of somebody 拿某人出气
4. 先行词it.
it充当形式主语或形式宾语，本身无意义，只起一种先行引导的作用，先行词不重读。后面的真正主语或真正宾语通常是不定式结构、-ing分词结构或名词性从句。
（1）用作形式主语
18）It is difficult to translate this article. 翻译这篇文章很难。
19）It is getting harder every day for a lazy man to get a living. 懒汉谋生是日益困难了。
20）What time would it be most convenient for me to call again?什么时候我再给你打电话最合适？
21）It is no use going there so early. 这么早去那里没有用。
22）It has been a great honour your coming to visit me. 你的来访是我很大的荣幸。
23）It is strange that he did not come at all. 真奇怪，他竟还没来。
24）It doesn't matter what you do.什么都没关系。
在上述诸例中，后置的真正主语可以取代先行it的位置，而出现于句首。
To translate this article is difficult.
Going there so early is no use.
That he did not come at all is strange.
上述结构远不如用先行it结构普通。此外，也并非所有先行it结构都可作上述转换。如：
25）It seems that John is not coming after all. 似乎约翰终竟不来。
26）It happened that John was the only witness. 碰巧约翰是唯一的证人。
上述两例只能转换为：
John doesn't seem to be coming after all.
John happened to be the only witness.
（2）用作形式宾语
27）I found it difficult to explain to him what happened. 我觉得向他解释清发生了什么事很困难。
28）He thought it no use going over the subject again. 他认为再讨论这个问题没有用了。
29）They kept it quiet that he was dead. 他们对他的死保密。
30）We must make it clear to the public that something should be done to stop pollution.我们必须使公众明白应该采取措施制止污染。
5. 分裂句引导词it.
分裂句是以it为引导词的强调句型。它的结构形式是：It+be的一定形式+中心成分
+that-/who-从句。如：
31）It was Jane that/who called this morning. 是珍妮今天上午打来电话。
32）It was a parcel that she brought him. 她带给他的是一个包裹。
分裂句是由普通陈述句转换而来的。通过这种结构可以强调除谓语动词以外的大多数句子成分。如：
33）John gave Mary a handbag at Christmas. 约翰在圣诞节给了玛丽一个提包。
根据上下文和语义意图，说话人可以通过分裂句分别强调主语、间接宾语、直接宾语、状语，使之成为信息中心。
34）It was John that/who gave Mary a handbag at Christmas. 是约翰在圣诞节给了玛丽一个提包。
35）It was Mary that John gave a handbag （to）at Christmas. 约翰在圣诞节是给玛丽提包的。
36）It was a handbag that John gave Mary at Christmas. 约翰在圣诞节给玛丽的是一个提包。
37）It was at Christmas that John gave Mary a handbag. 是在圣诞节约翰给了玛丽一个提包。
分裂句的时态一般应一致，即主句与从句的时态应皆用现在时，或皆用过去时，或皆用将来时。如：
38）It is not I who am angry. 发怒的不是我。
39）It was my two sisters who knew her best. 是我的两个姐妹最了解她。
40）It will not be you who will have to take the blame for this. 对此须受责难的将不是你。
有时分裂句的谓语动词还可以采取复杂形式。如：
41）It may have been at Christmas that John gave Mary a handbag. 可能是在圣诞节约翰给玛丽一个提包。
42）It might have been John who gave Mary a handbag. 很可能是约翰给了玛丽一个提包。
分裂句可以强调多种多样的状语成分。如：
43）It was when she was about to go to bed that the telephone rang. 是在她即将上床睡觉时电话铃响了。
44）It was because I wanted to buy a dictionary that I went to town yesterday. 我昨天是由于想买一本词典而进城的。
45）It was not until his father came back that Tom went to bed yesterday.
昨天汤姆是直到他父亲回来才上床睡觉的。（注意句中not的位置）
主语补语通常不可以用作分裂句的中心成分，如在规范英语中通常不说：
It is beautiful that she is.
It is chairman of the Committee that he is.
但是宾语补语是可以这样用的。如：
46）It is the chairman of the committee that they elected him. 他们选他是作委员会主席。
47）It is green that they have painted the wall. 他们把墙壁漆的是绿色。
注：（1）当强调的中心成分为主语，指人时可用连词that或who，如上述例（31）、（34）、（38），强调其余的成分时，连词一律用that。
（2）分裂句中的that与who在非正式文体中可以省略，如：
48）It was the President himself spoke to me.是总统亲自和我谈了话。（省去从句主语who）
49）It was the dog I gave the water to. 我是给那条狗水的。（省去从句的宾语that）
50）It was yesterday I first noticed it. 我是昨天开始注意到的。（省去从句连词that）
有时还可省去句首的it is，如：
51）A good, honest trade you are learning, Sir Peter! 彼得爵士，你学得是一种很好而诚实的一行啊！
（3）分裂句中的被强调部分有时可放在句首，如：
52）Now was it that his life was done, and the fate which he could not escape was upon him.就在这时，他的生命完结了，他所逃不脱的命运降临了。
53）When was it that he arrived at the village? 是何时他到达了这个村子？
54）Why was it that he was late for school? 他是为什么上学迟到的？
1. 分裂句引导词it与先行词it的区别：比较：
55）It is surprising that Mary should have won the first place. 玛丽本应获得第一名，真令人吃惊！（先行词it）
56）It is Mary that has won the first place. 是玛丽获得了第一名。（分裂句引导词it）
2. 虚义it与分裂句引导词it的区别。比较：
57）It was three o'clock in the morning when his father came back.（虚义it指时间）他父亲回来时是凌晨3点。
58）It was at three o'clock in the morning that his father came back. （分裂句引导词it）他父亲是在凌晨3点回来的。
3. 分裂句中that/who- 从句与that/who引导的定语从句之区别。比较：
59）It is money that is most needed.（分裂句中的that-从句）最需要的是钱。
60）This is the money that is most needed.（that引导定语从句）这就是最需要的钱。
61）It is Mary who has broken the glass （分裂句中的who-从句）是玛丽打破了玻璃杯。
62）Mary is the girl who has won the first place.（who引导定语从句）玛丽是获得第一名的姑娘。
区别方法：如将句型It is/was…that结构去掉，而句子能还原成普通陈述句，则该句是分裂句，否则不是。如（56）例去掉It is …that
则变成：Mary has won the first place. 玛丽获得了第一名。
（58）例变成：His father came back at three o'clock in the morning. 他父亲在凌晨3点回来。
（59）例变成：Money is most needed. 钱是最需要的。
（61）例变成：Mary has broken the glass. 玛丽打破了玻璃杯。
4. “拟似”分裂句
如前所述，一般分裂句是不可以用简单陈述句的谓语动词作为中心成分的。如果要强调谓语动词，就得采用另外一种强调句型，这种句型又叫做“拟似”分裂句。如：
63）I gave her a book.
What I did was （to）give her a look. 我所做的是给她一本书。
64）He took a plane to Beijing. What he did was （to）take a plane to Beijing. 他所做的是乘飞机去北京。
65）The student is going to write an article.
What the student is going to do is（to）write an article.这个学生要做的是写一篇文章。
“拟似”分裂句的主语通常是由what引导的名词性从句，从句的主动词通常是do的一定形式；这种分裂句的主语补语通常是不定式结构，可带to，也可不带to，它构成“拟似”分裂句的信息中心。
“拟似”分裂句还可采取另外一种形式，即“what-从句+be+名词词组”的形式，如：
66）What he gave her was a handbag. 他所给她的是个提包。
也可采取“名词词组+be+what-从句”的形式
67）A handbag was what he gave her. 提包就是他所给她的。
巩固练习：
1. 用先行词it改写下列句子：
（1）Possibly the Joneses will come to the party as well.
（2）Whether they will come or not doesn't matter very much.
（3）He is quite likely to let you down.
（4）You seem to have taken a dislike to him.
（5）I happen to have had some nasty experiences in dealing with him.（6）Getting the car on the boat was rather complicated.
（7）To be with you here this evening is a great pleasure.
（8）You were so kind to invite us.
（9）What you say does not matter in the least.
（10）How he came to have such a valuable painting is a mystery.
2. 翻译下列句子：
（1）冬天，天色晚得早。
（2）问她没有用，她什么也不知道。
（3）从这儿到车站有两英里（路程）。
（4）你见过下冰雹吗？
（5）由你来决定该怎么办？
（6）据说他已去过美国两次了。
（7）可惜你错过了那次音乐会。
（8）看来，他很害怕。
（9）牛奶已经泼翻，哭也无用。（即：作无益的后悔无济于事。）（10）几个月之后我们才又见面。
3. 用强调句型改写下列句子。（划线部分为中心成分）
（1）She has been studying French only for three months.
（2）He has painted the windows green.
（3）John bought the car from Henry.
（4）I met Henry in New York.
（5）He didn't come home until 11 o'clock last night.
翻译句子答案：
（1）It is getting dark earlier in winter.
（2）It is no use asking her because she didn't know anything about it.（3）It's two miles from here to the bus station.
（4）Have you seen it hailing?
（5）It is up to you decide what to do.
（6）It is said that he has been to the U.S.A. twice.
（7）It's a pity that you've missed the concert.
（8）It seems that he is much afraid.
（9）It's no use crying over spilt milk.
（10）It was several months before we met again.
高中英语语法必背100句 时态语态 1. It has been raining in the past three weeks.完成时间状语 过去三周一直在下雨。 2. He was writing a book last year. but I don't know whether he has finished it. 过去进行时现在完成时 他去年在写一本书，我不知道他完成了没。 3. The plane is arriving in 5 minutes. 进行时态表将来 飞机将十5分钟之后到达。 4. I had meant to come here，but I was too busy then. 过去完成时 我本来打算来这儿的，但是当时太忙了。 5. If he comes today, I won't go. If引导条件状从，遵循”主将从现"原则今天如果他会来，我将不走。 6. He studied in Shanghai for 3 years. and then he has lived in Beijing till now/since then/ever since. 一般过去时，完成时 他在上海读了三年书。然后就一直住在北。 7. I will have written 200 poems by the end of next term. 将来完成时到下学期末为止，我将写完200首诗。 8. He is afraid of being laughed at.被动中的介词不省略 他害怕人嘲笑。 9. The workers get paid by the month. get+done表被动 这些工人按月发工资。 10. His theory proved (to be) true. 系动词省略 他的理论被证实是对的。 11. This book sells well and is worth reading. Besides, it is easy to understand.主动表被动
高中英语语法：It的完整用法精讲 it可用作人称代词、指示代词、先行词及引导词等。 1. 人称代词it，是第三人称单数中性，代表前文已提到过的一件事物。如： 1）That vase is valuable. It's more than 200 years old. 那个花瓶很珍贵，它有200多年的历史。 2）I love swimming. It keeps me fit. 我喜欢游泳，它能使我保持健康。 当说话者不清楚或无必要知道说话对象的性别时，也可用it来表示。如： 3）It's a lovely baby. Is it a boy or a girl? 宝宝真可爱，是男孩还是女孩？ it可用来指代团体。如： 4）The committee has met and it has rejected the proposal. 委员会已开过会，拒绝了这项建议。 it用以代替指示代词this, that.如： 5）--- What's this? --- It's a pen. —这是什么？—是一支钢笔。 6）--- Whose book is that? --- It's Mike's. —那是谁的书？—是迈克的。 2. 指示代词it，常用以指人。如： 7）Go and see who it is. 去看看是谁。 8）--- Who is making such a noise? —是谁发出这样的吵闹声？ --- It must be the children. —一定是孩子们。 3.虚义it无指代性，常用作没有具体意义的主语，出现于表示天气、气候、温度、时间、地点、距离等意义的句子中。如： 9）It is half past three now. 现在是三点半钟。 10）It is six miles to the nearest hospital from here. 这里离最近的医院也有六英里。 11）It was very cold; it snowed and grew dark. 天气很冷；天下着雪，渐渐地变黑了。 it也常用来表示一般的笼统的情况。如： 12）It's awful—I've got so much work I don't know where to start. 糟透了——我有这么多工作要做我不知从何开始。 13）How is it going with you? 你近况如何？ 14）Take it easy. 不要紧张。 it也常用于下列结构： 15）It looks as if the college is very small. 看起来这个学院很小。 16）It seems as though our plan will be perfect. 似乎我们的计划很完善。 17）It's my turn. 该轮到我了。 it也常用于某些习惯用语中作宾语，各该习惯用语有具体意义，但it并无具体意义。如：cab it 乘车catch it 受责，受罚come it 尽自己分内come it strong 做得过分walk it 步行make it 办成take it out of somebody 拿某人出气 4. 先行词it. it充当形式主语或形式宾语，本身无意义，只起一种先行引导的作用，先行词不重读。后面的真正主语或真正宾语通常是不定式结构、-ing分词结构或名词性从句。 （1）用作形式主语
（1）表语从句 1．定义：用作表语的从句叫做表语从句。 2．构成：关联词+简单句 3．引导表语从句的关联词的种类： (1) 从属连词that。如： The trouble is that I have lost his address. 麻烦是我把他的地址丢了。 (2) 从属连词whether, as, as if。如： He looked just as he had looked ten years before. 他看起来还与十年前一样。 The question is whether they will be able to help us. 问题是他们是否能帮我们。 注：从属连词if一般不用来引导表语从句，但as if却可引导表语从句，如： All this was over twenty years ago, but it's as if it was only yesterday. gh能跟表语从句的谓语动词一般为系动词be, seem, look等。如： It looked as if it was going to rain. 看起来天要下雨了。 连接副词 where, when, how, why。 如：The problem is who we can get to replace her. 问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。 The question is how he did it. 问题是他是如何做此事的。 That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic. 那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。 解释： 1．连词because可引导表语从句。如： I think it is because you are doing too much. 我想这是因为你做得太多。 2．在一些表示“建议、劝说、命令”的名词后面的表语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气。should+动词原形表示，should可省略。如： My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow. 我的建议是我们明天一早就出发。（2）主语从句 1．定义：用作主语的从句叫做主语从句。 2．构成：关联词+简单句 3．引导主语从句的关联词有三类： (1) 从属连词that。如：That they were in truth sisters was clear from the facial resemblance between them. 很明显，她们确是亲姐妹，她们的脸型很相似。 (2) 从属连词whether。如： Whether he’ll come here isn’t clear. 他是否会来这里还不清楚。 (3) 连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever 连接副词 where, when, how, why。如： What she did is not yet known. 她干了什么尚不清楚。 How this happened is not clear to anyone. 这事怎样发生的，谁也不清楚。 Whoever comes is welcome. 不论谁来都欢迎。 Wherever you are is my home ---- my only home. 你所在的任何地方就是我的家----我唯一的家。 解释： 1．主语从句能用it作形式上的主语。常以it作形式主语的句型有： A. It+be+形容词(obvious, true, natural, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain, probable, etc.)+that从句。如： It is certain that she will do well in her exam. 毫无疑问她考试成绩会很好。 It is probable that he told her everything. 很可能他把一切都告诉她了。 B. It+be+名词词组(no wonder, an honour, a good thing, a pity, no surprise, etc.)+that
?Never be afraid of grammar ?Collect some examples; ?Watch them very carefully; ?Find out something in common; ?Try to use the rules ---- practise. it用法完全归纳 一、it 作人称代词的用法 1.指事物 作为人称代词，it 可以除人以外的一切事物或动物。如： I dropped my watch and it broke. 我把手表掉在地上摔坏了。 It’s hard work, but I enjoy it. 工作很辛苦，可是我乐意干。 “Where is the dog?”“It’s in the bedroom. ”“狗在哪?”“在卧室里”。 2.指人 it 指人主要用于指不性别不明的婴儿或用于确认某人的身份。如： Is it a boy or a girl? 是男孩还是女孩? There is a knock on the door. It must be the postman. 有人在敲门，一定是邮递员。 【说明】在答语中，常用来指本人，如说It’s me。
3.代替某些代词 代词it 还可用于代替指示代词this, that 以及复合不定代词something, anything, nothing等。如： “What’s this?”“It’s a new machine. ”“这是什么?”“是一种新机器”。 Nothing is wrong, is it? 没出什么问题，是吗? 二、it 作非人称代词的用法 1.基本用法 it 作非人称代词的用法，主要用于指时间、距离、价值、天气、气候及温度等自然现象。如： It’s too late to go there now. 现在去那儿已经太迟了。 It rained all day yesterday. 昨天下了一天的雨。 It can get very hot here. 这里有时会很热。 2.用于某些句型 It’s time for sth. 该做某事了。 It’s time to do sth. 该做某事的时候了。 It’s time for sb to do sth. 某人该干某事了。 It’s (about / high) time + that-从句. 某人该做某事了。(从句谓语用过去式，有时也用“should+动词原形”) It’s first (second) time + that-从句. 某人第几次干某事。(从句谓语用现在完成时)
Section_ⅢGrammar—it的用法(1) 语法图解 探究发现 ①It is a beautiful day here and I am sitting under the big tree at the end of the garden. ②Your mother tells me that you started smoking some time ago and now you are finding it difficult to give it up. ③It is never too late to mend. ④It is no use talking to them. ⑤It is said that he stole the money. ⑥I think it difficult to learn English well. ⑦We make it clear that speaking to the teacher in that way is not polite. ⑧I don't like it when people talk with the mouth full of food. [我的发现] (1)①句it表示天气，②句第一个it代替to_give_it_up作形式宾语；第二个it代替句中所说的“吸烟”的事。 (2)在句③④⑤中it用作形式主语，其中句③用在“It is＋形容词＋(for/of＋sb.)＋动词不定式(短语)”中，it指代动词不定式(短语)；句④用在“It is＋no use/good＋动名词(短语)”中，it指代动名词(短语)；句⑤用在“It is＋said/believed/reported＋that从句”中，it指代that 从句。 (3)在句⑥⑦⑧中it用作形式宾语，其中句⑥用在“动词＋it＋形容词＋动词不定式(短语)”中，it指代动词不定式(短语)，句⑦用在“动词＋it＋形容词＋that从句”中，指代that 从句；句⑧it用在某些特殊的句式中，指代when从句。 一、it用作人称代词和非人称代词 1．用作人称代词 (1)it用来指代前面的名词或前面提到过的事。 My friend offered me a beautiful gift yesterday, and I like it very much. 我朋友昨天给了我一件漂亮的礼物，我非常喜欢。
按：本套资料省去了名词、代词、形容词等部分，保留了最最核心的句型和动词。希望能有所帮助。 第一章名词性从句 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 一．主语从句 主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。 1. It作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较 It作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都可用连词that。被强调部分指人时也可用who/whom。例如： a) It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film. 你不去看那场电影真可惜。 - b) It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not.我对你成功与否不感兴趣。 c) It is in the morning that the murder took place.谋杀案是在早上发生的。（强调句型） d) It is John that broke the window.是John打碎的窗户。（强调句型） 2. 用it作形式主语的结构 (1) It is ＋名词＋从句 It is a fact that …; It is an honor that…; It is common knowledge that… (2) It is ＋形容词＋从句 It is natural that…It is strange that… . (3) It is ＋不及物动词＋从句 It seems that…It happened that…It appears that… (4) It ＋过去分词＋从句 It is reported that…It has been proved that…It is said that… 3. 主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况： （1）if引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。 （2）It is said /reported…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： 正确表达：It is said that President Jiang will visit our school next week. ( 错误表达：That President Jiang will visit our school next week is said. （3）It happens/occurs…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： 正确表达：It occurred to him that he failed in the examination. 错误表达：That he failed in the examination occurred to him. （4）It doesn’t matter how/whether …结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： 正确表达：It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not. 错误表达：Whether he is wrong or not doesn’t matter. （5）含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不可提前。例如： ； 正确表达：Is it likely that it will rain in the evening 错误表达：Is that will rain in the evening likely 4. what 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别 what 引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语．宾语．表语，而that 则不然。例如：
高中英语语法权威解析 目录: 第０１章名词性从句 第0２章“Iｔ”用法及其句型与固定搭配讲解 第03章高中英语语法中得省略现象 第04章主谓一致 第05章动词不定式 第06章倒装结构 第07章定语从句 第０8章被动语态 第09章祈使句 第10章感叹句 第１1章疑问句 第12章名词 第一章名词性从句 在句子中起名词作用得句子叫名词性从句(Ｎｏun Cｌaｕsｅs)。名词性从句得功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等,因此根据它在句中不同得语法功能,名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句与同位语从句、一. 主语从句 主语从句就是在复合句中充当主语得从句,通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it 代替,而本身放在句子末尾。 1. It 作形式主语与ｉt引导强调句得比较 It 作形式主语代替主语从句,主要就是为了平衡句子结构,主语从句得连接词没有变化、而i ｔ引导得强调句则就是对句子某一部分进行强调,无论强调得就是什么成分,都可用连词that。被强调部分指人时也可用who/ｗｈｏｍ、例如: ａ) It isａpitｙｔhaｔyoｕｄidn’t go ｔo seｅｔhｅｆilm.您不去瞧那场电影真可惜。 b) It doeｓn’tｉntereｓt me whethｅrｙou sｕｃceed or not、我对您成功与否不感兴趣、 c) Ｉｔisｉn thｅｍoｒnｉng thaｔｔｈe ｍurder took place. 谋杀案就是在早上发生得、(强调句型) d) Ｉt is Joｈn tｈat broke ｔｈeｗｉｎdow。就是Joｈn打碎得窗户。(强调句型) 2、用ｉt 作形式主语得结构 (1)It is + 名词＋从句 It is ａfaｃt tｈat…事实就是… Ｉt ｉs an honor ｔhat …非常荣幸 It ｉｓｃommon knowlｅdge ｔhat …就是常识 (2)Ｉt is + 形容词+从句 It is naturａl thａt…很自然… It ｉｓstrａｎｇe that…奇怪得就是…(3) It ｉｓ＋不及物动词+ 从句 Ｉｔｓｅems thａｔ…似乎… Ｉt ｈappeneｄthat…碰巧… Iｔappeaｒs that…似乎…
高考英语语法知识之It 的用法总结 1．It is + 被强调部分+ that ... 该句型是强调句型。将被强调的部分放在前面，其它部分置于that之后。被强调部分可以是主语，宾语，状语。强调的主语如果是人，that可以由who换用。 如果把这种句型结构划掉后，应该是一个完整无缺的句子。这也是判断强调句型与其它从句的方法。 It was they that (who) cleaned the classroom yesterday. It was in the street that I met her father. 2．It was not until + 被强调部分+ that ... 该句型也是强调句型。主要用于强凋时间状语，译成汉语＂直到．．．才．．．＂，可以说是not ... until ... 的强调形式。 It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star. = Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a famous film star. = I didn’t realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses. 3．It is clear ( obvious, true, possible,certain....) that ..... 该句型中it 是形式主语，真正的主语是that 引导的主语从句，常译为＂清楚（显然，真的，肯定．．．）＂是主语从句最常见的一种结构。 It is very clear that he’s round and tall like a tree.= That he’s round and tall like a tree is very clear. 4. It is important ( necessary, right, strange, natural...) that ... 由于主句中的形容词不同，that 后的从句中要用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should 可以省去。 It is important that we (should) learn English well. It is necessary that he (should) remember these words. 5. It is said (reported, learned....) that ... 该句型中的it 仍是形式主语，真正主语是that 引导的主语从句。该结构常译为＂据说（据报道，据悉．．．）＂。It is said that he has come to Beijing. 6. It is suggested ( ordered ... ) that ... 主句中的过去分词是表示请求，建议，命令等词时，that后的从句要用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should 可以省。常译为＂据建议；有命令．． It is suggested that the meeting ( should ) be put off. It was ordered that we ( should ) arrive there in two hours. 7. It is a pity ( a shame ... ) that ... 该句型中，that后的从句一般用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should可省去．表示出乎意料，常译为＂竟然＂。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。 It is a pity that such a thing ( should ) happen in your class. It is a pity that he is ill. 8. It is time ( about time ,high time ) that ... 该句型中that 后的从句应该用虚拟语气，值得注意的是①常用过去时态表示虚拟．②有时也用should + 动词原形，should 不能省。常译为＂是（正是）．．．的时侯．．．＂。 It is time that children should go to bed. = It is time that children went to bed. 9. It is the first ( second ... ) time that ... 该句型中的that 从句不用虚拟语气，而用完成时态。至于用什么完成时态，由主句的谓语动词的时态决定。如果是一般现在时，后面从句用现在完成时态；如果是一般过去时，后面从句则用过去完成时态。该结构中that 可以省去；it有时用this / that 替换．常译为＂这是某人第几次做某事了＂。 It is the first time I have been here. = This is the first time I have been here. 10 It is the +形容词最高级+ 名词+ that + ….. 该句型中的that 从句不用虚拟语气，而用完成时态。至于用什么完成时态，由主句的谓语动词的时态决定。如果是一般现在时，后面从句用现在完成时态；如果是一般过去时，后面从句则用过去完成时态。该结构中that 可以省去；it有时用this / that 替换．常译为＂这是某人做过的最…的事情＂。 This is the best film that I have ever seen . That was the worst song that he had heard . 11. It is .... since ...
高中英语语法大全之形容词和副词 形容词及其用法 形容词修饰名词，说明事物或人的性质或特征。通常，可将形容词分成性质形容词和叙述形容词两类，其位置不一定都放在名词前面。 1)直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词，它有级的变化，可以用程度副词修饰，在句中可作定语、表语和补语。例如：hot 热的。 2)叙述形容词只能作表语，所以又称为表语形容词。这类形容词没有级的变化，也不可用程度副词修饰。大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。例如：afraid 害怕的。 （错）He is an ill man. （对）The man is ill. （错）She is an afraid girl. （对）The girl is afraid. 这类词还有：well，unwell，ill，faint，afraid，alike，alive，alone，asleep，awake 等。 3）形容词作定语修饰名词时，要放在名词的前边。但是如果形容词修饰以-thing为字尾的词语时，要放在这些词之后，例如： something nice 以-ly结尾的形容词 1）大部分形容词加-ly可构成副词。但friendly，deadly，lovely，lonely，likely，lively，ugly，brotherly，仍为形容词。 改错：(错）She sang lovely. （错）He spoke to me very friendly. （对）Her singing was lovely. （对）He spoke to me in a very friendly way. 2）有些以-ly 结尾既为形容词，也为副词。 daily，weekly，monthly，yearly，early The Times is a daily paper. The Times is published daily. 用形容词表示类别和整体 1）某些形容词加上定冠词可以泛指一类人，与谓语动词的复数连接。如：the dead，the living，the rich，the poor，the blind，the hungry The poor are losing hope. 2）有关国家和民族的形容词加上定冠词指这个民族的整体，与动词的复数连用。 the British，the English，the French，the Chinese. The English have wonderful sense of humor. 多个形容词修饰名词的顺序 多个形容词修饰名词时，其顺序为： 限定词--数词--描绘词--(大小，长短，形状，新旧，颜色) --出处--材料性质，类别--名词 a small round table a tall gray building
语法专题十：it的用法 1.指代事物、动物、婴儿或未知的人。 2.指天气、时间、距离、自然现象、环境等。 3.代替不定式，作形式主语或形式宾语(常与feel, consider, find, believe, make, take, imagine, think, suppose, regard等连用)。 4.代替动名词，作形式主语或形式宾语： It is no good / no use / useless / dangerous + doing I think it no good / no use / useless / dangerous + doing I think it no use complaining about their prejudice. 5.代替主语从句、宾语从句，作形式主语或形式宾语： It seems / appears / happens / turns out / proves + that… It is certain / likely / possible / probable + that… We have made it clear that she has nothing to do with the case. 6.用于强调句：It is / was … that / who… A student witnessed the car accident at the turning last night. (1 ) ( 2 ) ( 3 ) ( 4 ) (1) _________________________________________________________. (2) _________________________________________________________. (3) _________________________________________________________. (4) _________________________________________________________. It is not until +被强调的部分+ that… I didn’t realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses. ________________________________________________________________. 7. 其他重要句型： It is important (necessary, right, strange, natural) that…（should+动词原形） It is said (reported, learned…) that… It is suggested (ordered…) that…（should）+动词原形 It is a pity (a sham) that …（should）+动词原形 It happens (seems, looks, appears ) that... It occurs to sb. to do / that…：使某人想起…… It is/ has been +一段时间+ since ...+过去时 It will be +一段时间+ before ... It looks ( seems ) as if … It is no wonder…：难怪 When it comes to…：当谈到…… It comes about that…：发生 8. appreciate, love, like, hate, see to(负责，注意) + it + 从句 巩固练习： 1. It took us over an hour ______ along the street. A. walk B. to walk C. walking D. walked 2. I think it a great honour ______to visit your country. A. to invite B. inviting C. having invited D. to be invited 3. Many people now make ______a rule to buy cards for their friends before Christmas. A. themselves B. it C. that D. this 4.______is very clear to everyone that he's round and tall like a tree.
第二章“It”用法及其句型和固定搭配讲解 "It" 用法及其句型和固定搭配，是高中英语语法的重点、难点，又是近几年高考的热点，因此应给予充分的重视，现将it用法归纳如下： 一、It用作实词 表达以下概念:指代前文提到的事物，前文中的this, that;替代前文中的内容;指代一位性别不明的小孩或未知的人;指代未指明但谈话双方都知道的那件事;指代时间、天气、气候、距离等自然现象…… 二、It用作形式主语 替代作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词，而把真正作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。 It 作形式主语的常见句型： 1. 代作主语的动词不定式，其句型为 (1) It be adj. (for sb.) to do sth. 此处adj. 通常为描述事件的形容词：easy, difficult, hard, necessary, unnecessary, possible, impossible, likely, unlikely, right, wrong, important, unimportant, legal, illegal, well-mannered, ill-mannered, polite, impolite, clear, obvious, certain, suitable, proper, fit, useful, useless, dangerous… 例 It is illegal (for a teenager) to drive a car without a license. (2) It be adj. of sb. to do sth. 此处adj. 通常为描述人的形容词：kind, unkind, nice, rude, cruel, considerate, thoughtful, thoughtless, careful, careless, silly, foolish, stupid, clever, wise, crazy. 例 It's kind of you to help me with the problem. (3) It替代作主语的动名词的常见句型 It's no good/use doing… It's (well)worth doing… I t's (well)worth one's while doing/to do… It's (well)worth while doing/ to do
英语语法大全 第一部分：词类、句子成分和构词法： 1、词类：英语词类分十种： 名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词(n.)：表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. 2、代词(pron.)：主要用来代替名词。如：who, she, you, it . 3、形容词(adj..)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。如：good, right, white, orange . 4、数词(num.)：表示数目或事物的顺序。如：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v.)：表示动作或状态。如：am, is, are, have, see . 6、副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。如：now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7、冠词(art..)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如：a, an, the. 8、介词(prep.)：表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in, on, from, above, behind. 9、连词(conj.)：用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, but, before . 10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如：oh, well, hi, hello. 2、句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。 如：I‘m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。如：Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名 词、代词或形容词担任。如：My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍) 4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。如： He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词) 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接 宾语。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如：He wrote me a letter . (他给我写了 一封信) 有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾 语。如：He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信) 5、定语修饰名词或代词,通常由形容词、代词、数词等担任。如： Shanghai is a big city .(上海是个大城市) 6、状语用来修饰动词、形容词、副词,通常由副词担任。如：He works hard .(他工作努力) 7、宾语补足语用来说明宾语怎么样或干什么,通常由形容词或动词充当。如：They usually keep their classroom clean.(他们通常让教室保持清洁)/ He often helps me do my lessons.(他常常帮我做功课)/ The teacher wanted me to learn French all by myself.(老师要我自学法语) ☆同位语通常紧跟在名词、代词后面,进一步说明它的情况。如：Where is your classmate Tom ?(你的同学汤姆在哪里？) 3、构词法：英语构词法主要有：合成法、派生法和转换法。 1、合成法：如：spaceship, headache, basketball, playground等等。 2、派生法： (1)派生名词：①动词+er/or②动词+ing③动词+(t)ion④形容词+ness⑤其他,如： inventor, learner, swimming, congratulation, kindness, carelessness, knowledge (2)派生形容词：①名词+y②名词+ful③动词+ing/ed④friendly⑤dangerous⑥ Chinese; Japanese⑦English⑧French⑨German⑩国名+(i)an如：snowy, sunny, hopeful, beautiful, interesting, follwing, daily(每日的),nervous, delicious (3)派生副词：①形容词+ly ②其它,如：slowly, angrily, full→fully, good→well, possible
it的用法 一、考点聚焦 1、it的基本用法 （1）用作人称代词，代替前文提到过的事物。 The train has arrived. It arrived half an hour ago. （2）用以代替提示代词this, that。[来源:学,科,网Z,X,X,K] —What’s this? —It’s a knife. —Whose watch is t hat? —It’s mine. （3）起指示代词的作用，指一个人或事物。 —Who is knocking at the door? —It’s me. （4）指环境情况等。 It was very noisy(quiet) at the very moment. （5）指时间、季节等。 —What time is it? —It’s eight o’clock. It often rains in summer here. （6）指距离。 It is a long way to the school. （7）作形式主语。 It is not easy to finish the work in two days. It is no use crying over spilt milk. It is as pity that you didn’t read the book. （8）作形式宾语。 I think it no use arguing w ith him. I found it very interesting to study English. He made it clear that he was not interested in that subject. （9）用于强调结构。 It was Xiaoming whom(that)I met in the street last night. It was in the street that I met Xiaoming last n ight. It ws last night that I met Xiaoming in the street. It was I who met Xiaoming in the street last night. 2、含有“It is …”的句型 （1）It is time (for sb.) to do sth. It is (high) time that sb. did sth.(虚拟语气) （2）It is + 形容词（+of / for sb.）+ to do sth 通常用 of的词有brave、clever、careful、hopeless、kind、good、naughty、nice、silly、stupid、foolish、wise 等。 （3）It is + 形容词+ that + sb. + (should) do sth.（虚拟语气）[来源:学科网ZXXK] 能用于这个句型的形容词有strange、wonderful、natural、good、proper、right、wrong、well、fortunate、important、necessary、useless、likely、probab le、impossible等。有时可省去should而直接用动词原形。如：It is important that we should pay close attention to grain. It is natural that he（should）say so. （4）It is no use/ good + doing sth. It is no use trying again = It is of no use to try again. （5）It is + 被强调部分+ that/who + …[来源:学科网ZXXK][来源:Z+xx+https://www.doczj.com/doc/6b2264608.html,] Was it in the street that you met her? Who was it that called him“comrade”? It was not until yesterday that I met my old friend.