glare, flare, flash, gleam, glitter 这5个词做“闪光”解时的区别
1.glimpse主要是指“看、一瞥”而不是主要指“闪光”，glimpse指“闪光”已经是古语（Archaic 【古语】A brief flash of light.闪光短暂的闪光）的用法，会出现在古诗和古散文中
2.glare既可指“瞪眼”也可指“强光”
3.sparkle即可指“（迸发）火星”也可指(酒等的)气泡
4.glow即可指“强光”也可指“鲜艳夺目的颜色、红润的脸色”等，意义中只表示“闪光”的很少，你可以结合它们的引申义来记住这些单词，
5.glare，被人“瞪眼”的时候就感觉仿佛被“强光”照射一般令人不自在，试比较：the glare of the footlights 舞台上耀眼的灯光；in the full glare of publicity 非常显眼，在众目睽睽之下。
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glare指太阳等发强光
The sun glared out of the blue sky
Gleam 指月亮等发微光
The moon gleamed on the lake
Glitter 指珠宝，星辰闪光
Glow指（熔铁）发“灼光”
Flash 闪光
Flare闪耀，闪烁
Blink 眨眼，闪亮
Shine照耀，发光
Spark 流露；显露
A small amount of a feeling or quality that can be noticed someone’s express ion or behaviour
Eg Meg’s eyes lacks their usual spark of humour
His eyes sparked with anger. （他的双眼射出怒火闪闪发光”。）
辨析
glisten, glimmer, flicker,glitter,sparkle,twinkle
具体用法如下（包括其他发光词）：
1. dazzle: If a very bright light dazzles you, it stops you from seeing properly for
a short time.
Dazzle是"刺眼、晃眼"的意思，特别当光线照得人短时间看不清物体时使用，与下文其他的"刺眼"选手颇有区别。
例：a deer dazzled by the headlights
2. flash: to shine suddenly and brightly for a short time, or to make something shine in this way; If a light flashes or if you flash a light, it shines with a sudden bright light, especially as quick, regular flashes of light.
Flash是快速地发出强光，意为"闪光"，是闪光一族的普通意义，后文还有多个闪光词汇。
例：Lightning flashed overhead.
3. flicker: to burn or shine with an unsteady light that goes on and off quickly; If
a light or flame flickers, it shines unsteadily.
例：The overhead lights flickered momentarily.
Flicker也是闪光，但是与flash闪得不同。Flash是闪出强光，闪一下马上消失，再接着闪出强光，比如打雷之前的闪电就是典型的flash；flicker也是"闪光门"
高手，可是它只能闪出不太强的光，并且极不稳定，闪光时忽明忽暗，译为"闪烁、摇曳"，这个词很浪漫，总令人想到Casablanca中迷人的汽车旅馆和那对恋人一起试过的那个long, hot summer's night.
4. glare: to shine with a very strong bright light which hurts your eyes; If the sun or a light glares, it shines with a very bright light which is difficult to look at;
这个已经不是闪光门弟子了，这是发出非常耀眼的光芒，让眼睛产生不适，且不适效果大大高于dazzle，有可能出现较长时间的失明。比如氧焊时，如果不戴眼罩看了那种强烈的白光后，好一会儿看不见东西，那就是一种glaring light, 比dazzling light历害多了。
例：The sun glared down on us.
5. gleam: to shine softly [= glimmer]; If an object or a surface gleams, it reflects light because it is shiny and clean. Gleam是"发出微光"，其微弱程度与下文要
提及的glimmer相同，似乎在写作中二者完全可以互换使用，不过“柯林斯”字典告诉我们，glimmer的光有点unsteady，类似于flicker。Gleam 是稳定的光线，不会晃动。
例：His teeth gleamed under his moustache；
Blue-white moonlight gleamed through the window, throwing the shadows of the bars across the floor.
淡蓝色的月光透过窗户照进房来，窗条的影子斜斜地映在地板上。
6. glimmer: If something glimmers, it produces or reflects a faint, gentle, often unsteady light; to shine with a light that is not very bright [= gleam]: a weak, glimmering light 朗文字典认为glimmer等于gleam，但是柯林斯和牛津皆认为glimmer含有unsteady之意，是to shine with a faint unsteady light，因此一定要与gleam区别开来。glimmer与flicker相近，也有“光线晃动”之意，但是没有flicker那么"摇曳"得历害：
A beam of gleaming light 一道微弱的光线
A beam of glimmering light 一束昏暗、摇曳的光线
7. glint: if a shiny surface glints, it gives out small flashes of light [= sparkle]; If something glints, it produces or reflects a quick flash of light. (WRITTEN);
= glisten; to produce small bright flashes of light:
例：
The sea glinted in the moonlight；The sun glinted on the windows；The gold rims of his spectacles glinted in the sun.
该词使用场景描述：一群孩子在草丛中玩耍时，突然一个小孩惊叫起来，"看呀，前边草丛里有东西在发亮"。众人走近一看，原来是一只银戒指；夏日某夜，有淡淡的月光，四周万籁俱寂，我心事重重，独自来到沙滩上，看着黑黝黝的海水，听着潮涨潮落出神。月亮渐升渐高，月入中天之时，月光不如先前一样昏暗，海面一下子亮了起来，我看见涨潮的时候，海边奔涌着浅灰色的浪花。
以上两个场景是我臆想的，都适用glint这个词。Glint的关键点是"闪（泛）着微光"，并且光线在变幻，我想到了李莫愁的"冰魄银针"在阳光下发出幽蓝幽蓝的光芒，煞是瘆人，这就是glinting的光；小龙女的"玉蜂针"一定不是这种光，而是一种明亮得多的光，可用glowing或者glittering。突发奇想，glint是否有消极、
否定之意呢？比如李莫愁是坏人，她的暗器就发glinting的光，而小龙女是好人，并且这么多人喜爱她，因此她的暗器就不会发出glinting的光。
8. glitter: to shine brightly with flashing points of light [= sparkle]；to shine brightly with little flashesof light, like a diamond SYN sparkle
Glitter一听就比glint, gleam, glimmer等感觉要好，“阳气”要大得多，是积极的、明亮的，正大光明的。其发光比较亮丽，常用于阳光照射下物体反光
例：The ceiling of the cathedral；glittered with gold；
The river glittered in the sunlight.
9. glisten: to shine and look wet or oily; If something glistens, it shines, usually because it is wet or oily
例：Her eyes were glistening with tears；
Sweat glistened on his forehead.；The road glistened wet
after the rain；The boy's back was glistening with sweat；
glistening black hair
这个词非常浪漫，非常美，往往与水、油等有关。发出的光令人感觉到湿漉漉的或者油亮油亮的。第1个例句非常棒，女孩珠泪莹然，楚楚动人的样子真的令英雄魂断，还有美女出浴之后，头发湿湿的，在灯光下就是glistening的感觉，这也令男人意乱情迷。此处glistened with tears就是那种"闪着眼泪花的感觉"；后句"他的额头渗出了汗珠"，下一句是"雨后路面湿得发亮"。想像一下，夏天雨过天晴之后，柏油路在阳光下湿湿的，亮亮的，空气是如此清新，真想在路上小跑一阵，贪婪地呼吸泥土和草地醉人的芬芳。
10. glister: (literary) to shine brightly with little flashes of light, like a diamond SYN glitter
这是一个文气词，常用在文学作品中，与glitter一样，都是指"闪着明亮的光"。
11. glow: to produce or reflect a soft steady light [= shine]；(especially of sth hot or warm) to produce a dull, steady light:
Glow是指发出或者反射出一种柔和的光，一般都有强烈或者
微弱的热量发出，例句中烟头在暗处发出的光，壁炉中燃烧的火
发出的光，背包肩带上涂有荧光粉，在黑暗中发出的光，都是用
glow。
例：The fireplace was still glowing with the remains of last night's fire；The red
tip of his cigarette was glowing in the dark；The trap has a fluorescent coating that glows in the dark.
12. beam: to send out a line of light, heat, energy etc; to produce a stream of light and/or heat
这个词只当发光讲，没有任何限制或者修饰意义，是最普通的发光。
例：The morning sun beamed down on us；Light beamed through a hole in the curtain；The sun beamed through the clouds.
13. shimmer: to shine with a soft light that looks as if it shakes slightly; to shine with a soft light that seems to move slightly
这个词超级浪漫，其浪漫程度与glisten有过之而无不及。它特指在光线的照耀下物体感觉在轻微晃动，如：月光下湖面平滑如镜，微风吹过，湖面荡起一阵涟漪，远远望去，整个湖水都在月光中摇曳起来，这就是shimmering的效果，多么迷人啊，真想躺在天鹅绒一样光滑的湖面上，跟着月光一起摇动，然后进入梦乡。
例：The sea was shimmering in the sunlight; The lake shimmered in the moonlight.
14. shine: to produce bright light; to produce or reflect light; to be bright:
这个词有时可与beam换用，但beam还可指发热、传导能量、无线电波等，而shine永远只能是发光，并且多为比较明亮的光。
例：The sun shone brightly in a cloudless sky；The dark polished wood shone like glass；The sun was shining；The moon shone brightly in
the sky.
15. sparkle: to shine in small bright flashes; to shine brightly with small flashes of light；If something sparkles, it is clear and bright and shines with a lot
of very small points of light.
例：sparkling eyes；Her jewellery sparkled in the candle light；The sea sparkled in the sun；The crystal chandelier sparkled.
这是"发火花, 闪耀"之意，特指星星点点的闪光，比如春节放烟火时，夜空中盛开的各式烟火图案就可以称作sparkling fireworks patterns，区别于glow, glitter
等，特指"数量多"。
16. twinkle: if a star or light twinkles, it shines in the dark with an unsteady light; to shine with a light that keeps changing from bright to faint to bright again
例：Stars twinkled in the sky.；twinkling lights in the distance
"天上的星星不说话，地上的娃娃想妈妈，天上的星星眨呀
眨，妈妈的心呀鲁冰花" 小时候听过这首歌，因此对于星星眨眼
睛印象特别深刻。这个眨眼睛就一定是twinkle了，不过人眨眼
睛时可以说wink，星星就不可以。远处的灯光忽明忽暗，也说
twinkle。比如农村人迷信，说看到了"鬼火"一闪一闪的（那其
实是死人骨头中的磷遇空气中的氧而自燃，有动物衔着骨头走动
因此看起来是一闪一闪的）。
17. wink: to shine with a light that flashes on and off [= blink]: to shine with an unsteady light; to flash on and off SYN blink:
Wink是人眨眼睛，也可指光线一闪一闪的，与blink相同，可是眨眼的含义还是有细微区别。Wink时有“暗示什么东东”之意，而blink只是普通的眨眼。比如，你和朋友约定一件事不能穿帮，朋友说到此事时你立即大眨其眼，暗示他不可点破，此处用wink而不用blink。表示光线一闪一闪时二者可以换用。
例：We could see the lights of the ship winking in the distance.
rate“(运动、变化等的)速度、进度”，如At the rate you work，you’ll never finish it(就你这个速度，永远也做不完)。
rate强调比例和比率，有百分比的含义
pace虽然意义和rate相近，表示“速度、进度、步伐”，但它的比喻意义是节奏，如He gave up his job in advertising，because he couldn’t stand the pace (他放弃了做广告的工作，因为工作节奏太快，他受不了)。out pace with 就表示“跟不上……的节奏／步伐”
pace一般表示步伐，步伐节奏
speed就是平常所指的速度，比如车速等等
aware，conscious，sensible 都含有“意识到的”意思。
aware 侧重“感官所意识到的外界事物”, 如:
e.g.Everybody is aware of the importance of the Four Modernizations. 每个人都意识到了四化的重要性。
conscious 侧重“心理感知”, 如:
e.g.He is conscious of a sense of quilty. 他感到内疚。
sensible 指“可用感官察觉到的(较复杂或抽象的事物的)”, 如:
e.g.I was sensible of her solemn grie
f. 我知道她很悲哀。
awareness n. 感知，意识
global awareness全球意识
political awareness 政治常识
environment awareness环境意识
aware adj. 知道的, 明白的, 意识到的
conscious adj. 有意识的, 有知觉的, 故意的, 羞怯的
aware是倾向于自己发现到的，一开始就心中有数的
conscious一般是自己没发现，但是突然感觉到的，很突然的。
unconscious 是下意思里面没有觉查到的意思
unaware是指集中注意力却没发现的意思
tedious adj. 冗长乏味的; 使人厌烦的
hideous adj. 丑恶的, 可怕的, 可憎的
英语词汇正误辨析arouse正误用法 ■这本书引起了我对政治的兴趣。 误：The book aroused at my interest in politics. 正：The book aroused my interest in politics. 析：arouse(引起，激起，唤起)是及物动词，其后接宾语时，无需用任何介词。顺便说一句：arouse 的宾语通常兴趣、怀疑、愤怒、同情、批评、讨论等较抽象的东西。 ■演讲者激起了听众的愤怒。 误：The speaker aroused the audience with anger. 正：The speaker aroused the audience to anger. 析：表示激励或唤起某人做某事，通常用arouse sb to sth，注意通常用介词to，其实此句也可说成：The speaker arousedthe anger of the audience.又如：He tried to arouse her to action.(他试图要使她采取行动)。 ■能再次收到你的来信, 我们将十分感激。 误：We shall appreciate to hear from you again. 正：We shall appreciate hearing from you again. 析：appreciate(感激)后接动词时，要用动名词，不用不定式。 ■谢谢你的好意。 误：I appreciate you for your kindness.
正：I appreciate your kindness. 正：Thank you for your kindness. 析：其后只能接“事”作宾语，而不能接“人”作宾语，此用法与thank 的用法恰恰相反。 ■如果你能帮助我做这事，我将十分感激。 误：I would appreciate very much if you would help me with it. 正：I would appreciate it very much if you would help me with it. 析：appreciate(感激)是及物动词，其后不能没有宾语。另外也有的词书(如《朗文当代英语词典》)将I would appreciate it if...视为一个固定句型。另外有时其中的if从句也可能换成when从句。如：We really appreciate it when she offered to help.(她来帮忙了，我们十分感激)。
最权威的词语辨析 摘自牛津高阶 1.above over P5 2.actual current present P18 3.affect effect P28 4.afraid frightened scared P30 5.allow let permit P44 6.almost nearly practically P45 7.alone lonely lone P46 8.also as well too P47 9.although even though though however P48 10.altogether all together P49 11.answer reply P60 12.around round about P77 13.as like P81 14.ashamed embarrassed P82 15.awake awaken wake up waken P99 16.at the back at the rear behind P105 17.baggage luggage P110 18.bath bathe swim sunbathe P124 19.become get go turn P132 20.begin start P136 21.beside besides P143 22.besides apart from except P143 23.big large great P149 24.blind blindly P163 25.borrow lend P182 26.break recess interval intermission interlude pause P195 27.British English Briton Brit P202 28.calm calmness P228 29.can may P230 30.can could be able to manage P237 31.take care of look after care for P240 32.cause reason purpose P252 33.cautious careful P252 34.change alter modify vary P262 35.citizen subject national P285 36.classic classical P290 37.close shut P300 38.clothes clothing P303 39.coast shore beach seaside P307 40.college university P343 https://www.doczj.com/doc/6111598676.html,pliment complement P336 https://www.doczj.com/doc/6111598676.html,prise compose consist of constitute make up include P338 43.condition state P344 44.continuous continual P362 45.country state P384 46.court law court court of law P387 47.customer client P418 48.deep deeply P442 49.degree certificate diploma P447 50.disabled handicapped P479 51.discover invent find out learn know P484 52.distrust mistrust P496 53.double dual P509 54.earth floor ground soil land P537 55.economic economical P541 56.electric electrical P549 57.employ take on P557 58.enough adequate suficient satisfactory 59.acceptable will do P566 60.entrance entry admission P570 61.exam examination test quiz P587 62.event occurrence incident happening P583 63.especially specially P578 64.expect wait for hope look forward to P596 65.father further fathest furthest P623 66.fast quick rapid P624 67.firstly first of all at first P653 68.in front of in the front of P705 69.good goodness P756 70.happen occur take place P798 71.hard hardly P800 72.healthy well P814 73.hardly scarely barely no sooner P801 74.hate hatred P806 75.help aid assist attend be present participate P823 76.high tall P830 77.historic historical P835 78.infer imply P903 79.interested interesting uninterested disinterested uninteresting P922 80.journey travel trip P950 https://www.doczj.com/doc/6111598676.html,ndscape scenery countryside P979
高考必背英语词汇辨析-B字头 1、base与basis 这两个词在作名词时可表示"基础；基地"，但其意义是不同的。base用来指某物体的具体"基础"或底部的"支柱"。 例如： We camped at the base of the mountain.我们在山脚下扎营。 Our company's base is in New York , but we have extended many branches all around the world.我们公司的总部设在纽约，但是分公司遍及全世界。 而basis则用来表示抽象意义上的"基础"，常用于比喻句。 What's the basis of your opinion?你的意见的根据是什么？ We are willing to develop economic relations with all countries on the basis of mutual benefits.我们愿意在互利互惠的原则下同各国发展经济关系。 2、be about to 这个短语与"be to do","be going to do"两个短语都可用来表示"将要做某事，但含义和用法有所不同。be about to 从时间上来讲，等于be just going to do，意思是"即将，马上就要去做"。因此，在由这个短语构成的句子中，一般不可再加上表示时间的状语（如at once, next） 例如： I am about to leave for Shanghai.我将要去上海。 be to do主要表示安排或计划要在将来做的事情，它还可以表示命令等语气，相当于should, must 等。它可以同将来的时间状语连用。 例如： The US President Bill Clinton is to visit Japan next week.美国总统比尔?克林顿将于下周访日。The letter is to be handed to him in person.这封信必须面交他本人。 be going to do 一般可以和be to do 换用，它在通常情况下表示计划，安排或准备去做某事的意向，但并不一定马上去做。它一般都与时间状语连用；此外，它还可以用来表示某种推断或可能性。 例如：What are you going to do for your holiday?假期有什么打算吗？ It's going to rain soon, look at those black clouds.看那些乌云，快要下雨了。
一、选择题 1．Amy makes fewer mistakes than Frank. She does her homework . A．more careless B．more carelessly C．more careful D．more carefully 2．People who always do sports are in spirits than those who don't. A．high B．higher C．tall D．taller 3．—Help yourselves! The drinks are ________ me. —Thank you. You’re always so generous. A．above B．in C．on D．over 4．—The 30 firefighters’ brave action ________ their lives in the forest fire on March30, 2019.—The people of Muli County will never forget them. A．took B．cost C．save D．solve 5．Her only problem, ________ you can call it a problem, is that she expects to be successful all the time. A．if B．because C．though D．since 6．He can’t wait to get a ticket to the movie, so he________ for it yesterday. A．spent B．paid C．took D．cost 7．The song Where Is Time Gone sung by Diamond（张碧晨）________the yearly general champion of China’s Voice. A．lost B．won C．beat D．got 8．Wang Dong didn't go to school yesterday ________ he was ill. A．so B．if C．because 9．I didn't know which dictionary was better, so I took ________. A．none B．neither C．each 10．—Look! It’s raining________ outside. —Yes, it is. It has been dry for many days, and the rain is good for crops. A．heavily B．hardly C．quietly D．badly 11．—What do you think of the performance today? —Great! ________ but a musical genius could perform so successfully. A．All B．None C．Anybody D．Everybody 12．一Where is Mr. Brown? 一I think he's _____________ the music hall. A．on B．in C．over D．from 13．hard work, I'm sure you can turn yourself into a more successful man. A．By B．Through C．From D．Without 14．—Mum, I don’t want the trousers. They’re too long. —Sorry. I’ll buy a ________ pair for you. A．big B．small C．short 15．There are too many people in the street so that he had to________his way through the
一、选择题 1．—Hardly any people believe that a(n) ________ meeting will lead to a lasting love. —I agree. A．familiar B．distant C．accidental D．present 2．In modern life, shopping online is________ used by many people, especially for teenagers. A．exactly B．badly C．heavily D．widely 3．—Oh, my God! I have ________ five pounds after the Spring Festival. —All of the girls want to lose weight, but easier said than done. A．given up B．put on C．got on D．grown up 4．That path ________ directly to my house.You won't miss it. A．leads B．forms C．repairs D．controls 5．I don’t want to go. __________, I am too tired. A．However B．And C．Besides D．But 6．My sister Nancy often gets lost because of her bad _____ of direction. A．sense B．feeling C．experience D．information 7．People who always do sports are in spirits than those who don't. A．high B．higher C．tall D．taller 8．He is wearing his sunglasses to himself from the strong sunlight. A．prevent B．stop C．keep D．protect 9．He can’t wait to get a ticket to the movie, so he________ for it yesterday. A．spent B．paid C．took D．cost 10．Mr. Smith gave us some________on how to improve our speaking skills. A．advice B．news C．knowledge D．information 11．Kangkang gets up early every day and he is ________ late for school. A．sometimes B．often C．never D．usually 12．Remember to return the book to the school library in time, ________ you will be fined(罚款). A．or B．and C．but D．so 13．—Do you know what the meeting is about? —Yes, of course. It will ________ some important rules we need to know about our new senior high school. A．talk B．achieve C．memorize D．cover 14．—Bill, do you like________? —Yes. They’re healthy. A．ice-cream B．carrots C．salad 15．He wrote his phone number ________ a piece paper. A．on B．for C．in D．from 16．Maria ________ speaks Chinese be cause she doesn’t know much Chinese.
2012高考英语常用词汇辨析 ◆wash／wash away◇wash表示“洗（手、衣服等）”，既可作及物动词，又 可作不及物动词；◇wash away表示“冲走”、“冲垮”、“洗掉”，作及物动词短语用。 [EXERCISES] ①The flood some of the houses in the village．②He his face and hands，then went downstairs．③You must before dinner．（Keys: ①washed away ②washed ③wash） ◆wear；have on；put on；dress；（be）in＋颜色（服装、眼镜等） ◇wear主要用于穿衣服、戴眼镜（手套、首饰、帽）等，以强调“穿（戴） 着”的状态。例如： Mr Wu always wears a blue coat in winter．吴老师冬天总是穿着一件蓝色大衣。 ◇have on作“穿（戴）着”解，同wear一样，也表状态，但不用于进行时态。例如： Xiao Wang has on a white shirt today．（＝Xiao Wang is wearing a white shirt today．）小王今天穿着一件白衬衫。 ◇put on着重强调“穿（戴）上”的动作。例如： I like to put on my hat when I go out in winter．冬天，我喜欢外出时戴上帽子。 ◇dress既可作及物动词，又可作不及物动词，所接宾语是人而不是衣、帽等 物。例如： 1）Her mother is dressing her．她母亲正在给她穿衣服。 2）The nurses are dressed in white．护士穿着白衣服。 ◇“（be）in＋颜色或服装、眼镜等”也表示“穿着”的状态，在句中作 表语或定语。例如： He is in uniform today．他今天穿着制服。 ◆work on／work at ◇work on表示“从事”、“创作”、“进行”，后面接名词、
词汇复习的有效方法 各位老师：大家好！ 回顾过去的一年，在市教研室和学校的大力支持下，在师生的共同努力下，我校又一次取得了令人满意的成绩。英语高考也再创辉煌。最高分146分，两个重点班的英语平均分高达135分，平行班的英语平均分125分。成绩的取得，首先要感谢教研室的正确指导和关怀。教研室田老师经常不辞辛劳，在百忙之中给我们指导教学工作。田老师直言不讳的指导风格，让我们在质疑中求出路，在挫折中前进，我们进步很大，受益匪浅。其次我们要感谢58中这个大家庭，给我们提供了一个充满活力和温暖的教学环境。学校领导的大力支持与关心和58中班主任艰辛与无私的付出，使得我们拥有一批令人欣慰的学生，他们善解人意，刻苦努力，喜欢创新，我们的课堂总是很温馨，和谐，充满浓浓的爱意。成绩的取得还得益于高三教师精诚合作，更得益于我们备课组老师的努力拼搏和科学备考。下面，我将我们组在过去一年中在英语教学中的工作，主要是词汇复习策略方法进行回顾，和大家一起交流探讨： 高三一轮复习，是整个高考复习阶段的最重要时期。这一时期的主线是夯实基础，注重知识储备，在一轮复习中，我们力求帮助学生构建起系统化的知识网络，突破词汇学习，避免低层次的重复操练。回顾过去的这一年，我们对词汇复习的环节印象尤为深刻。（一）抓好词汇的常规复习 1）提炼“高频词汇”，提高学生的写作及表达能力。 在一轮复习1-8册课本词汇期间，我们是这样做的，即在组内分工，7个组员轮流出词汇复习的导学案。对每个模块挑出的10-20个左右的单词，让学生牢牢记忆、拼写。选择这组词汇的标准是：容易识记，不易出错；能组成重点词组和实用句型；能够运用在书面表达中。选择这组词汇的目的就是为书面表达做储备，让学生有内容可写。如在复习第一册第一模块时，我们可以让学生重点记忆以下个单词的拼写：enthusiastic, embarrassed, attitude, description, impress, disappointed, cover, bored, fluency ，然后反复举例、造句，让学生记住这些关键词的拼写及相关的重要短语和句型，并鼓励他们在随后的写作中灵活运用。 2）提炼“重点词汇”，提高学生做单项选择的能力。 依据新课标要求，挑出若干词汇，选择这组词汇的目的就是梳理知识点、以备单项选择题。如第一册课本第二模块，我们可以挑出avoid, hate, appreciate, admit, immed iately 等单词，引导学生列举出这些单词的重要用法及其搭配的重点短语，然后，从两方面加深理解：一是背诵这些短语及所组成的简短句子，培养语感；二是练习单项选择题，把握这些词汇的用法和特点。 3) 提炼“复杂词汇”，提高学生的阅读能力。 在我们的词汇学案上，有一块位置，是专门为复杂词汇而准备的，对于这部分词汇，我们不要求学生会写，只要求认识。这样既可以减轻学生的负担，又能应对高考阅读理解题对词汇量的要求。而这一类词汇的补充可以在平时的完形填空、阅读理解中得以实现。
一、选择题 1．—Is that blue cup Paul's? — No, it isn't . ________is yellow. A．Mine B．Yours C．Hers D．His 2．—Oh, my God! I have ________ five pounds after the Spring Festival. —All of the girls want to lose weight, but easier said than done. A．given up B．put on C．got on D．grown up 3．That path ________ directly to my house.You won't miss it. A．leads B．forms C．repairs D．controls 4．— Mr. Wilson, can I ask you some questions about your speech? — Certainly, feel __________ to ask me. A．good B．patient C．free D．happy 5．— Sorry, I can't afford to go abroad. — What about having a country travel with a little________ price? A．cheaper B．higher C．lower D．less 6．People who always do sports are in spirits than those who don't. A．high B．higher C．tall D．taller 7．He is wearing his sunglasses to himself from the strong sunlight. A．prevent B．stop C．keep D．protect 8．—Have you got Kathy’s________ for her concert? —Yes, I’d like to go and enjoy it. A．interview B．information C．invitation D．introduction 9．When you are________, you should listen to music to cheer you up. A．shy B．afraid C．strict D．down 10．You should be careful to pay over the Internet, ________it’s not always safe. A．so B．because C．after D．as soon as 11．I didn't know which dictionary was better, so I took ________. A．none B．neither C．each 12．We’d better finish our work ________ one go. Don’t put it off till next time. A．in B．to C．on D．for 13．—Dad, what is the loudspeaker saying? —It is to the . The flight to Wuhan is boarding now. A．customers B．passengers C．members D．tourists 14．You can’t ___ how I missed my mother at that time. A．offer B．provide C．imagine D．dream 15．There are too many people in the street so that he had to________his way through the crowd. A．break B．push C．pull D．throw
一、cost的四条用法注意 1. 表示“花费”，其主语通常是事或物(包括形式主语it)，不能是人。如： The computer cost (me) $2000. 这部电脑花了(我)2000美元。 It cost me $1000 a year to run a car. 使用一辆车每年要花(我)1000美元。 【注】表示主观上的“花费”，cost 通常不以人作主语，但是若表示客观上的“耗费”，有时也可用人作主语。如：Smokers cost the government a lot of money every year. 吸烟的人每年要耗费政府一大笔钱。 2. cost 的宾语通常是钱。如： How much did it cost to build the bridge? 建这座桥花了多少钱? 【注】cost 有时也用于时间，但通常用于笼统时间(一般不用于具体明确的时间)。如：Making experiments like this cost much time and labour. 做这样的实验要花很多时间和劳力。 3. 通常不用于被动语态。如： 正：The coat cost thirty dollars. 这外套花了30美元。 误：Thirty dollars was cost by the coat. 4. 有时用于比喻用法中。如(from https://www.doczj.com/doc/6111598676.html,)： His mistake cost him his job. 他的错误使他丢了工作。 Careless driving will cost you your life. 粗心开车会使你丧命。 二、spend 花费，主语是人 sb+spend + 时间/ 金钱+ on sth 在....上花多少时间/金钱 sb.spend + 时间/金钱 + (in)doing sth 在做...上花多少时间/金钱 例如: 把下面的句子背出来，对你的考试有用：(注意大写的地方) 1 He spent two weeks WITH his colleagues IN Beijing visit ING different schools there. 2 He spent 1760 yuan ON his new Japanese bike. 三、take 、spend、cost 、pay的用法都可以表示“花费”，但用法却不尽相同。 spend的主语必须是人，常用于以下结构： (1) spend time ／money on sth. 在……上花费时间（金钱）。例：I spent two hours on this maths problem. 这道数学题花了我两个小时。 (2) spend time ／money (in) doing sth. 花费时间（金钱）做某事。例：They spent two years (in) building this bridge. 造这座桥花了他们两年时间。 (3)spend money for sth. 花钱买……。例：His money was spent for books. 他的钱用来买书了。 cost的主语是物或某种活动，还可以表示“值”，常见用法如下： (1)sth. costs (sb.) ＋金钱,某物花了（某人）多少钱。例：A new computer costs a lot of money. 买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。 (2) (doing) sth. costs (sb.) ＋时间,某物（做某事）花了（某人）多少时间。例：Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time. 他花了大量时间才记住了这些单词。
名词及其用法辨析 高考英语词汇辨析一般在于同义词、近义词的词义和用法辨析、反义词之间的意义差别、词组（短语）的用法异同点以及一些习惯用法和固定搭配等。常见的有形容词与副词辨析、名词及其用法辨析、动词及其短语辨析、代词及其用法辨析、介词和连词等用法辨析。 名词及其用法辨析 1)高考英语名词难点： 名词词义辨析、可数名词与不可数名词；抽象名词的具体化；名词的所有格；名词作定语以及名词固定习语；名词与主谓一致等。在学习过程中，要掌握常用名词的基本用法，注意一词多义和旧词新义。注意辨别词义及其用法时要结合语境。以下几组词是常见易混词难点： （1）sound, noise与voice sound，noise和voice这三个名词都可表示“声音”，但是，它们表示的“声音”并不相同。 sound作“声音”，“响声”讲时，可以指人或动物发出的声音，或物体碰撞的声言。这个词的使用范围很大。可以说，大自然的任何“声音”都可以用sound。如： At midnight he heard a strange sound.半夜里，他听到一种奇怪的声音。 Light travels much faster than sound.光的传播速度比声音快得多。 noise意为“噪音”、“喧闹声”，常指不悦耳、不和谐的嘈杂声。例如： Don’t make any noise!别吵闹!The noise wakes me up.噪音吵醒了我! voice一般指人的声音，说话、唱歌。谈笑都可用voice。sound和noise不仅能指人的声音，还可以表示别的动物发出的声音;而voice除了有时可指鸟的声音外，很少表示其它动物的声音。如：The girl has a beautiful voice.那女孩嗓音很美。They are talking in low voices.他们正小声交谈。 （2）family, house与home family, 家庭，更多人文属性；house, 房子，物质属性；home，指“家、住所”，指一个人（或一家人）居住的地方，也可指一个人出生或长大的地方（乡村、城市或国家等），它具有house所没有的感情色彩（如团聚、思念等），家，家不一定有house； family 的意思是“家庭、家庭成员”，与居住的房子无关。当family作为整体概念的“家庭”讲时是单数；当“家庭成员”讲时是复数。如： Mr. Green's family is very large. 格林先生家里的人很多。 house 指“家”时含义较窄，仅指“房屋”这一建筑物，一般指独门独户的房子，不指楼房。如： New houses are going up everywhere. 到处都是新盖的房子。 There is a house near the river. 河边有座房子。 The American friends are leaving Beijing for home tomorrow. 明天美国朋友要离开北京回国了。 Lin Chong left home for Liang Mountain. 林冲离开家到梁山去了。 （3）sight, view, scene与scenery sight则既可以指场景、眼前看到的景观，又可以指名胜、风景，但表示后者的含义时，习惯上要用复数。如：The sight was quite amusing. 这景象使人感到有趣。 We saw the sights of Hong Kong by bus. 我们乘公共汽车观看香港的风景。Mary walked round the town, looking at the sights. 玛丽在城里到处转，逛各处景点。 view主要指从某处看到的东西或景象，有时也指“风景”，尤指自然美景 （fine natural scenery）。如： From the window there was a clear view of the mountains. 从窗户往外看 是一览无余的群山。 scene 多指某一特定或具体场面所表示的“景色”、“场景”等，可以是室内的也可以是室外的、可以是城市的也可以是乡村的、可以是活动的也可以是静态的等。如： There are some pretty scenes in the park. 公园里有几处美丽的景色。
教你辨析：考研英语超难易混词汇（一） 在考研英语复习过程中，考生面临一个非常棘手的问题，即超难易混词汇的辨析。万学海文为广大考生提供了高频考察词汇的辨析，希望能够为广大考生助一臂之力。 1、abide, adhere, conform, comply “遵守” abide v.后接by表示“遵守，同意”。 E.g. I will abide by the director' decision. 我将遵从主任的决定。 adhere v.后接to表示“遵守”。(当然adhere一词的其它意思如“坚持；粘附”也经常被考到。) E.g. Car drivers must adhere to the rules of driving. 汽车司机必须遵守驾驶规则。 conform v.后接to表示“遵守，符合”。 E.g. All individuals are required to conform to the laws made by their governments. 每个人都应该遵守政府制订的法律。 comply v.后接with表示“遵守，服从”，用于正式的场合。 E.g. Our company complies with governmental regulations on paying taxes. 我们公司遵守政府有关纳税的规定。 2、abnormal, uncommon, disordered“反常的” abnormal a.不正常的，反常的(但并非罕见)，指行为或现象(如气候)的异常。 E.g. His body temperature has been abnormal for 3 days, the highest point reaching 40.5 degree centigrade. 他的体温三天来一直都不正常，最高的时候达到40.5摄氏度。(尽管身体发烧不正常，但生活中也时有发生。) uncommon a.罕见的，不平常的，指很少经历或很少见到的状况；特别的，出色的。 E.g. Hurricanes are uncommon in England. 飓风在英国非常罕见。 E.g. That is uncommon instant coffee; it tastes great! 那速溶咖啡质量上乘，味道好极了！ disordered a.混乱的，杂乱的；(精神或身体)有病的。 E.g. We couldn't understand her disordered presentation. 我们听不明白她条理不清的陈述。 3、abolish, cancel, eliminate, dispose, erase, exclude, extinguish“取消，除掉” abolish v.指对法律、习俗、制度的废除；完全破坏。 E.g. The government abolished the tax on alcohol. 政府取消了酒税。
一、选择题 1．Your advice is very________to me. I’m sure our activity will be more meaningful. A．terrible B．comfortable C．impossible D．valuable 2．That path ________ directly to my house.You won't miss it. A．leads B．forms C．repairs D．controls 3．I don’t want to go. __________, I am too tired. A．However B．And C．Besides D．But 4．Some animals carry seeds from one place to another, ________ plants can spread to new places. A．so B．or C．but D．for 5．These oranges looks nice, but _____ very sour. A．taste B．smell C．sound D．look 6．He can’t wait to get a ticket to the movie, so he________ for it yesterday. A．spent B．paid C．took D．cost 7．You should be careful to pay over the Internet, ________it’s not always safe. A．so B．because C．after D．as soon as 8．World Book Day takes place ________ April 23rd every year. A．at B．in C．on 9．I didn't know which dictionary was better, so I took ________. A．none B．neither C．each 10．Kangkang gets up early every day and he is ________ late for school. A．sometimes B．often C．never D．usually 11．He ________all the “No Smoking” signs and lit up a cigarette. A．requested B．attacked C．protected D．ignored 12．Remember to return the book to the school library in time, ________ you will be fined(罚款). A．or B．and C．but D．so 13．—Why did Jim look so happy? —It________ him that he had a good choice even if he failed in the job interview. A．learned B．broke C．hit D．received 14．—Mum, I don’t want the trousers. They’re too long. —Sorry. I’ll buy a ________ pair for you. A．big B．small C．short 15．hard work, I'm sure you can turn yourself into a more successful man. A．By B．Through C．From D．Without 16．Ice, snow and steam are different of water. A．sizes B．sights C．forms D．styles 17．Amy makes fewer mistakes than Frank. She does her homework .