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动名词的用法

动名词的用法
动名词的用法

动名词的用法

Ⅰ动名词的定义

动名词也是动词的三种非谓语形式(不定式、分词、动名词)中的一种。与分词和不定式一样,它也不能在句子中单独作谓语。动名词具有名词和动词的特征,可以带宾语或状语修饰。在句子中,动名词可作主语、表语、宾语、定语、补语和同位语等。此外,动名词还可以通过加宾语或状语构成动名词短语。

Ⅱ动名词的基本形式

动名词由动词原形加词尾-ing构成,构成与现在分词形式相同。它还有下面几种形式:主动语态被动语态

一般式 doing being done

完成式 having done having been done

Ⅲ动名词的句法功能

动名词在句中起名词的作用,可单独出现或组成短语作主语、表语、宾语、介词的宾语、定语和同位语。

1.作主语

Seeing is believing.

Being a teacher was by no means easy.做老师决非易事。

His having left early made everyone feel very disappointed. 他的提前离开使得每个人都非常失望。

It was a nuisance being kept waiting like that.被弄得这样等着真讨厌。

★○1It was no use/of little use/no good/useless /a waste of time/a waste of money/a great pleasure/fun + doing sth.(it为形式主语)

It was no use talking it over with him.跟他讨论此事没有用。

It was no use crying over the spilt milk.覆水难收。(木已成舟,哭也没用)

It is of little good staying up too late every day.每天都熬夜没有什么好处。

○2There was no….结构中只能用动名词,表示禁止和不可能。

There was no smoking in the hall.大厅内禁止吸烟。

There was no joking with him about it.这件事和他开不得玩笑。

2.作表语

Boasting was cheating.说大话等于欺骗。

A bad habit was reading without thorough understanding.一种坏习惯是读书而不求甚解。

★动名词担任表语说,和进行时态完全相同,但两者性质不一样,且意义也不一样。

He was teaching English.他正在教英语。(was teaching为现在进行时态,was teaching English为谓语部分)

His job was teaching English.他的工作是教英语。(teaching为动名词,was teaching English为系表结构)

3.作宾语

He was considering collecting stamps.他在考虑集邮。

My bike needs repairing.我的自行车需要修理。

Do you think it any good asking him for advice? 你认为向他征求建议有好处吗?

War and Peace by Tolstoy was well worth reading.托尔斯泰写的《战争与和平》很值得一读。

★○1英语中有些动词:admit, allow, appreciate, avoid, advise, consider, deny, delay, dislike, enjoy, escape, excuse, finish, imagine, keep, mind, miss, practise, recommend, risk, permit, suggest等,以及某些短语:can’t help(情不自禁),feel like, devote to, stick to, object to, thank you for, get down to, have difficult/trouble (in), have a good/wonderful/hard time (in), look forward to, give up等后面只跟动名词。

-----Would you mind my closing the window? 我把窗子关起来你介意吗?

-----Certainly not. Please do it.没关系,请!

c.f.: -----Would you mind closing the window? 请你把窗子关起来你介意吗?

-----Certainly not.行!

○2want/ require/ need/ deserve

be worth

be worthy of

The place is worth visiting.

The place is worthy of a visit/ of being visited/ to be visited.

The wall wants whitewashing.这墙需要粉刷。

The flowers requires looking after carefully.这些花需要细心照料。

○3有些词或词组:can’t help, stop, be used to, regret, go on, remember, forget, mean, try等既可以跟不定式也可以跟动名词,但意义不同。

○4动词like, love, prefer后接不定式或动名词作宾语均可。如表示经常性的行为可用动名词,如表示具体的行为常用动词不定式。但要注意:如果like, love, prefer前有would/should, 后面则应接动词不定式。

I like swimming, but I don’t like to swim this afternoon.

I’d like to go swimming this weekend.

○5在动词allow, advise, forbid, permit等动词后直接跟动名词形式作宾语,如果后面有名词或代词作宾语,其后用动词不定式作宾语补足语。即:

allow/ advise/ forbid/ permit

We don’t allow smoking here.

We don’t allow students to smoke.

○6有些动词:wish, want, manage, hope, afford, refuse, plan, intend等一般只接不定式作宾语。

4. 作介词的宾语

Studying without thinking often leads to puzzles.学而不思则罔。

He was far from being pleased with his achievements.对于自己的成就,他并不满意。

Thank you for being with us.谢谢你跟我们在一起。

I feel like taking a rest.我想休息一下。

On New Year’s Eve some children look forward with hope to being paid more attention to.

新年的除夕,有些孩子满怀希望期待着得到更多关注。

★有些短语:have difficulty/trouble in doing sth, be busy doing sth, lose no time in doing sth, spend some money/time in doing sth.中的介词常常可以省略。

As soon as he saw me, he lost no time (in) telling me the good news他一见到我就迫不及待地将好消息告诉了我。

★能跟动名词的短语:feel like, look forward to, think of, dream of, hear of, prevent… from, keep… from, stop…from, excuse…for, set about, depend on, be engaged in, get/be used to, be tired of, succeed in, be interested in, be proud of, be good at, be afraid of, prefer…to…, insist on, keep on, spend…in…, devote…to, persist…in… 5.作定语

drinking water饮用水 singing contest 歌咏比赛 walking stick拐杖 sleeping pills安眠药

These building materials are of the best quality.这些建筑材料质量上乘。

In class we should write down important teaching points as well as difficult teaching points.

课堂上我们应当将教学重点和难点记下来。

★现在分词和动名词一样都能作定语,但是有区别:

Look at the flying planes.瞧那些飞着的飞机。(现在分词)

Flying planes was dangerous.开飞机有时危险。(动名词)

★分词与所修饰的词逻辑上是主谓关系,动名词与所修饰的词只表示被修饰的词的目的或作用关系。

a sleeping child = a child that was sleeping

a waiting room = a room for waiting

★动名词还能和介词一起构成短语,作定语:intention (of), way of (of), right (of), capability (of), chance (of), plan (of), hope (of), possibility (of), significance (of), necessity (of), surprise (of), apology (for), experience (in)….

有些词:chance, plan, intention, way等后面既可以接动名词也可以接不定式作定语。

This was the best way to do the work/ of doing the work.这是做这种工作的最佳方法。

6.作同位语

Many people admire his special ability, learning three languages at the same time.

他能同时学三种外语,许多人都羡慕他这中特殊能力。

Ⅳ动名词的复合结构

物主代词和名词所有格加动名词构成动名词的复合结构。在这个结构中,物主代词或名词所有格是逻辑上的主语。动名词的复合结构在句中可以作主语、宾语等。

Your being elected to be monitor of the class was possible.你当选为班长是可能的。

Your translating the article pleased him very much.你翻译那篇文章使他大为开心。

★如果不是在句子开头,这个结构常可以用名词的普通格(或人称代词的宾格),这比用所有格自然些。

Do you mind my (me) smoking? 介意我抽烟吗?

Peter’s going won’t be of much help. Peter去不会有多大帮助。

★如果动名词的逻辑主语是无生命的东西,就多用普通格,不用所有格。

We know of wood having been used as building materials since ancient times.我们知道一些木材自古代就一直被用作建筑材料。

We have heard of some minerals having been taken from the ocean.我们听说过一些从海洋里提取出的矿物质。

Ⅴ动名词的时态和语态

㈠动名词的时态

1. 动名词的一般时:它表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生,或在谓语动词表示的动作之后发生。

Children like watching cartoon films.儿童喜欢看动画片。

Thank you for lending us a helping hand.谢谢你向我们伸出援助之手。

★在某些动词后,动名词所表示的动作虽然发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前,但这是仍可用动名词的一般式。

I remember being taken to Beijing when I was young.我记得小时曾被带到过北京。

I forgot posting the letter then. So I am here again. 我忘记信已经寄掉了,所以我又来了。

2. 动名词的完成式:它所表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。

He admitted having taken some cash from the drawer.他承认从抽屉里拿了一些现金。

He was proud of having ever played a minor role in a play.他对自己曾在一本剧本里扮演过一个次要角色很自豪。

㈡动名词有被动语态

动名词有两种被动语态:一般式(being done)和完成式(having been done)

★如果一个动名词逻辑上的主语所表示的是这动作的对象时,动名词一般要用被动形式。

He came without being invited. 他是不请自来的。

I can’t stand being treated this way.这样待我我受不了。

It’s impossible to come into a room without being asked. 没有被邀请就闯入房间是不礼貌的。

★如果动名词表示的动作在谓语表示的动作之前发生,有时需要用动名词的完成被动形式。

I don’t remember having met you before.我不记得以前曾见过你。

There was no proof of his having said that. 没有证据表明他曾那样说过。

Yesterday, he informed us of the bridge having been completed.昨天,他告诉我们大桥已经完工了。

Ⅵ动名称的否定式以及动名词和动词不定式的区别

动名词和动词不定式的区别:从结构上,动名词前可用介词,它还可被名词所有格修饰;不定式前通常不用介词,更不能被名词所有格修饰。

动名词和不定等都可以作主语或表语。一般来说,在表示比较抽象的一般行为时多用动名词;在表示具体的动作,特别是将来的动作时,多用不定式。

Reading was learning.阅读就是学习。

Our work was to learn more knowledge and serve the people better in the future.

我们的任务就是学习更多的知识将来更好地为人民服务。

★如果牵涉到主语和标语一致时,往往同为动名词或同为不定式。

Seeing is believing. = To see is to believe.

Ⅶ动名词和现在分词在句法上的区别

1. 作定语时的比较

现在分词作定语,表示它所修饰的名词的动作,被修饰名词与现在分词在逻辑上是主谓;动名词作定语时往往表示被修饰名词的作用、目的等。

running dogs= dogs that run their masters’ errands走狗

a walking stick= a stick that was carried in the hand during a walk拐杖

a sleeping car= a car that was used for sleeping卧车

a sleeping baby= a baby that was sleeping熟睡的婴儿

2. 作表语时的比较

动名词作表语是用来说明主语本身的,主语和标语的位置互换后基本不影响意义的表达,但这种结构不能受very, quite等副词修饰。分词作表语着重说明主语的性质和特征,主语和表语的位置是固定的,一般不能互换,但可受very, quite等副词的修饰。

My job was serving you. (=Serving you was my job.)我的工作是为您服务。

The story was very exciting.那个故事很刺激。

Ⅷ名词化的动名词

动名词有时可以进一步名词化,具有更多名词的特点:它可以受冠词的限制,可以受定语修饰,有时还有复数形式。

What do you think of the drawing? 你觉得我的画如何?

How does he make a living? 他是怎么谋生的?

I like reading the story with a happy ending.我喜欢读愉快结尾的小说。

Just as the saying goes, an apple a day keep a doctor away.正如常言所说,一只苹果一天,不沾医生的边。

动名词的用法

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difficult ,useless,senseless,worthwhile 等。但是important, essential, necessary等形容词不能用于上述结构。 用it 代替动名词作形式主语的除了上述句型外,还有一种句型为: It is no use/ useless/ useful/ no good/ great fun/ a waste of time/ nice/ good+ v-ing 例如: It's no use trying to argue with him. 3) “ There be” 的结构 这种句型一般是否定形式,There是引导词,作为形式 主语,动名词做真正主语。意思是“不可能……”。 例如: There is no joking about such matters. 4) 告示或简略的警告用语中,动名词在祈使句中作主语一般是否定的、省略的形式。 例如: No climbing. (No climbing is allowed. ) 5) 组成复合结构动名词有自己的逻辑主语时,可在其前面加上所有 格, 使之变成复合结构,可作为句中主语。 例如:

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动名词的用法详解 今天给大家带来动名词的用法详解,我们一起来学习吧,下面就和大家分享,来欣赏一下吧。 英语语法:动名词的用法详解 动名词因同时拥有动词和名词两者的特点而拥有及其丰富 的用法,熟练的掌握这些用法不仅可以使口语表达更地道生动,也能在写作中增分添彩。 动名词主要有四种用法,做主语,作宾语,作表语,作定语,每种用法下又分小类别,是一个非常复杂庞大的系统,学习者们往往会理不清脉络,今天就为大家带来动名词的用法讲解。 一.作主语 1.直接位于句首 eg.Swimming is a good sport in summer. 2.用it作形式主语,把动名词(真实主语)置于句尾作后置主语。 eg.It is no use telling him not to worry.

.mportant,essential,necessary等形容词不能用于上述结构。 3.用于“There be”结构中 eg.There is no saying when hell come. 4.动名词的复合结构作主语: 当动名词有自己的逻辑主语时,常可以在前面加上一个名词或代词的所有格,构成动名词的复合结构,动名词疑问句通常使用这种结构做主语 eg.Their coming to help was a great encouragement to us. Does your saying that mean anything to him? 二.作宾语 1.作动词的宾语 某些动词后出现非限定性动词时只能用动名词作宾语,不能用不定式。不定式通常指某种特定的动作,但动名词表示泛指,常见的此类动词有: admit,appreciate,excuse,stand,advise,allow,permit,avoid,consider,e njoy,finish,give up,cannot help,imagine,include,keep,understand,keepon,mind,report,risk,mis s,put off,delay,practise,resist,suggest,depend on,think about,set about,succeed in,worry about,burst out,insist on,feel like,be used

高中英语动名词的用法(完美版)

高中英语语法之动名词 一、含义 动名词兼有动词和名词特征的非谓语动词形式。基本形式为v-ing, 动名词具有名词的性质,因此在句中可以做主语、表语、宾语、定语等。 动名词有时态和语态的变化。 动名词的时态和语态的基本形式:(以write为例) 注意:动名词的否定形式是:not writing 二、动名词的基本用法 1.用作主语---常表抽象,或者泛指习惯性的动作。 Smoking is bad for your health. Playing with fire is dangerous. Swimming is her favorite sport. 游泳是她最喜欢的体育运动。 Learning is important to modern life. 学习对现代生活很重要。 注意: ①不定式也可以做主语。不定式与动名词作主语的区别: 不定式作主语时经常表示具体的、 ...动作,而动名词 ....一次性 作主语时经常表示抽象动作或习惯性动作。

Getting up early is a good habit. To get up early this morning made me sleepy. ②动名词作主语,有时用it作形式主语,把动名词置于句末。 It is no use/ good doing...(做。。。没有用); It is fun doing... (做。。。很有趣); It is a waste of time doing... (做。。。是浪费时间) 等句型中。 例如:It’s no use crying over spilt milk.(覆水难收) It is fun playing with children. 和孩子们一起玩真好。 It is a waste of time persuading such a person to join us. 说服这样一个人加入我们当中来是浪费时间。 2. 作宾语 ①作某些及物动词的宾语 常见的动词有:advise,avoid,delay,escape,excuse,enjoy,consider,finish,deny,fancy,keep,mind(在乎)postpone,pardon,practise,suggest,imagine等。 need,want,require后接动名词,表示被动意义。 如:Would you mind opening the door?请你把门打开好吗? Fancy meeting you here. 真想不到在这里遇见你。 ②作介词的宾语 He left without saying good-bye to us. 他没有和我们道别就离开了。 On arriving at the airport,I saw my mother standing in the

【英语】英语动词用法详解

【英语】英语动词用法详解 一、单项选择动词 1.A long road tests a horse’s strength and a long-term task ________ a man’s heart. A.proves B.will prove C.is proving D.has proved 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析:考查动词时态。句意:路遥知马力,日久见人心。这是一条谚语,故用一般现在时态,故选A。 考点:考查动词时态 2.I’ll get the taxi from the st ation to ________ you the trouble of coming to collect me. A.counter B.save C.abandon D.rid 【答案】B 【解析】考查动词。A. counter反击; B. save节约,挽救; C. abandon遗弃; D. rid去除。句意:我将从车站打的,以省去你接我的麻烦。根据句意可知答案为B。 3.All the doctors in the hospital insisted that he ____ badly wounded and that he ____ at once. A.should be; be operated on B.were; must be operated on C.be; was operated on D.was; be operated on 【答案】D 【解析】 试题分析:考查insist的用法。句意:医院里所有的医生都认为他受伤很严重,要求他立即动手术。insist作“坚决要求做某事”讲时,要用虚拟语气;当“坚持说,坚持陈述某事实”解时,用陈述语气。 考点 : 考查insist的用法 4.97.—I was told that you had your stomach examined last week? —Yes. But I hope that I shall never again have to ________ such unpleasant experience. A.undergo B.undertake C.undercharge D.underline 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词辨析。A. undergo经历;B. undertake承担,保证;C. undercharge充电不足;D. underline强调,在下面划线。上句:我听说你上星期检查过胃了?下句:是的。但我希望我永远不会再遭遇到这种不愉快的经历。故选A。 5.224. The murderer was brought in, with his hands _____ behind his back. A.being mopped B.having tied C.to be tied D.tied

初中英语动词的用法总结

动词用法总结 方山三中郭秀林 1) 表示动作中状态的词叫做动词。 2) 根据其在句中的功能,动词可分为四类,分别是:实义动词 ( Notional Verb) 、系动词( Link Verb) 、助动词 ( Auxiliary Verb ) 、情态动词( Modal Verb ) 。说明:有 些情况下,有些动词是兼类词,例如:We are having a meeting. He has gone to New York. (has 是助动词。 ) 3) 动词根据其后是否带有宾语,可分为两类,分别是:及物动词(Transitive Verb)、不及物动词(Intransitive Verb), 缩写形式分别为vt. 和vi. 。 说明:同一动词有时可用作及物动词,有时可用作不及物动 词。例如:She can dance and sing. 她能唱歌又能跳舞。 (sing 在此用作不及物动词。 ) She can sing many English songs. 她能唱好多首英文歌曲。 ( sing 用作及物动词。 ) 4) 根据是否受主语的人称和数的限制,可分两类,分别是:限定动词( Finite Verb ) 、非限定动词( Non-finite Verb ) 例如:She sings very well. 她唱得很好。 ( sing 受主语she 的限制,故用第三人称单数形式sings 。 ) She wants to learn English well. 她想学好英语。 ( to learn 不受主语she 的限制,没有词形变化,是非限定动词。

说明:英语中共有三种非限定动词,分别是:动词不定式(Infinitive ) 、动名词 (Gerund) 、分词( Participle ) 。 5) 动词有五种形态,分别是:原形(Orig in al Form )、 第三人称单数形式我们正在开会。 ( having 是实义动词。 ) 他已去纽约。 (Singular From in Third Personal ) 过去式、 ( Past Form) 过去分词、( Past Participle ) 、现在分词 ( Present Participle ) 。 5.1 系动词? 系动词亦称联系动词( Link Verb) ,作为系动词,它本身有词义,但不能单独用作谓语,后边必须跟表语 (亦称补 语) ,构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。 说明:有些系动词又是实义动词,该动词表达实义时,有词义,可单独作谓语,例如:He fell ill yesterday. 他昨天 病了。 ( fell 是系动词,后跟补足语,说明主语情况。 ) He fell off the ladder. 他从梯子上摔下来。fell 是实义动词, 单独作谓语。 1) 状态系动词用来表示主语状态,只有be 一词,例如:He is a teacher. 2) 持续系动词用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度, 主要有keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand, 例如:He always kept silent at meeting. This matter rests a mystery.

动名词的用法及练习题

动名词(Gerund) 动名词是动词的一种非谓语形式,由动词+ ing构成,否定形式为not doing,兼有动词的特征和名词的功能。 一、动名词保留着动词的特征,有时态和语态的变化。其时态语态形式如 二、动名词相当于名词,在句中主要作主语、宾语、表语和定语 1、作主语 动名词是由动词变化而来,所以,动名词的意义往往是表示某个动作或某件事情。例如: Walking is good exercise. 走路是很好的运动 Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。 Smoking may cause cancer. 吸烟可能导致癌症。 Coming to Hangzhou by train takes about 16 hours. 乘火车到杭州要16个小时。 Swimming develops the muscles. 游泳可以发展肌肉。 注意:动名词作主语时,对于一些比较长的动名词短语,一般采用"It is …"和"There is …"两种句式来表示。例如: It takes me ten minutes to get home from my office.我从办公室回家要花十分钟。 It needs time to make three copies of it.把它复制三份需要时间。 It's nice talking with you. 和你谈话很高兴。 It's no use arguing with him. 跟他争论没用。 It is no good learning without practice.学而不实践是没好处的。 There is no joking about such matters.这种事开不得玩笑。 There is no denying that she is very efficient.她效率高是不容否认的。 2、作定语 动名词作定语的情况并不是很普遍,一般只限于单个的动名词作定语,表示“用于……的”或表示“处于某件事情中的……”含义。例如: swimming pool 游泳池reading material 阅读材料 walking stick 手杖floating needle 浮针 opening speech 开幕词listening aid 助听器 waiting room 候车室working people 劳动人民 3、作表语 动名词作表语的时候,特别要注意:不要与正在进行时混淆。动名词作表语,表达的是“某件事”等。例如: His part-time job is promoting new products for the company. (动名词) 他的业余工作是为那家公司推销新产品。

初中动名词的用法

动名词的用法 动名词是非谓语动词的一种,它由动词原形加-ing 构成,形式上与现在分词相同。动名词除具有动词的性质外,还具有名词的性质。动名词在句中可用作主语、表语、宾语、定语、宾语补足语等,但不能用作谓语(故称动名词为非谓语动词)。如: Her job is looking after the baby. 她的工作是照顾 婴儿。 She’s gone out to do some shopping. 她出去买东西了。 一、动名词的句法功能 1.用作主语 Finding work is difficult these days. 现在找工作可不容易。 注意:动名词作主语经常采用it 作形式主语的句型。 2.用作表语 Her favorite sport is skating. 她最喜爱的运动是滑冰。 注意:不定式和动名词均可用作主语和表语,区别是:动名词多指笼统的、抽象的概念,而不定式则多指具体的、一次性的动作。 3.用作宾语 介词后出现动词时,通常要用动名词形式,不能用动词原形,通常也不用不定式。 He left without saying good-bye. 他没有告别就离 开了。 4.用作定语 He bought a new washing machine. 他买了一台新洗衣机。 Betty won the first prize in the singing competition. 贝蒂获得了歌咏比赛的一等奖。 二、与动词搭配的doing 用法有多少? 英语中,某些动词(或形容词)后只能与ing 形式即动名词连用。 1. keep doing sth 一直作某事 e.g. Keep driving until you see the cinema, then turn left. 开着车一直向前,看见电影院就向左拐。 2. keep on doing sth 一直作某事 e.g. I keep on thinking about the match in the afternoon. 我一直在想着今天下午比赛的事。 3. keep sb doing sth 使某人一直做某事 e.g. Don ’t keep your mother waiting. 不要让你妈妈久等。 4. be busy doing sth 忙于做某事 e.g. He was busy doing his homework. 他正忙于写家庭作业。 5. spend time / money (in) doing sth 花时间/ 金钱做某事

英语使役动词用法

英语使役动词用法 使役动词是动词重要部分,也是高考的重要考点,学习时应注意下列几点 一、了解用法基本相同之处,从宏观上认识使役动词 1、含义基本相同 大多使役动词均有使、让之意。 2、结构基本相同 使役动词后面均可接宾语和宾语补足语,宾语补足语通常由形容词、副词、介词、不 定式、现在分词和过去分词担任。大多数使役动词可用于被动语态。 二、掌握各自具体用法,从微观上熟悉使役动词 使役动词在含义和用法上均有不同之处,具体用法如下 (一)have使,让,不用于被动语态 1.have +宾语+done (1)叫、让、请别人做某事,表动作的执行者不是主语也不是宾语而是别人。 例I’ll have my bike repaired this afternoon. 今天下午我要请人修自行车。 (2)遭遇不幸事件 例He had his wallet stolen at the station. 他的钱包在火车站不幸遭窃。 2.have +宾语+do让……做某事,动作执行者为宾语 例He had her go there. 他让她去那儿。> 3.have +宾语+doing让……做某事,动作执行者为句子宾语,但动词必须为持续性动词,后面常接时间段。 例He had her standing in the rain for two hours. 他让她在雨中站了两个小时。 4.have +宾语+adj./adv./prep. 促使某一动作发生 例Please have your money ready. 请准备好钱。 (二)make 使……,有轻微强迫之意 1.make +宾语+do,迫使某人做某事,被动语态为be made to do 例The boy made the girl cry.男孩把女孩惹哭了。 2.make+宾语+adj./adv./prep./n.使……处于某种状态 例His illness made him very weak. 他的病使他很虚弱。 3.make +宾语+doing使……处于某种状态,并强调动作的主动性 例The story made him feeling sad.这个故事使他很难受。 4.make +宾语+done使处于某种状态,并强调动作的被动性 例Please speak louder to make yourself heard. 请讲大声一点以便让别人听到你。 (三)leave让,使,带走既可用于主动语态也可用于被动语态 1.leave +宾语+to do sth.让某人做某事,强调未来动作 例Leave him to do it himself. 让他自个儿去做这件事吧。 2.leave +宾语+doing让某人做某事,强调当时正在发生的动作

动名词的用法

动名词 定义:动名词是动词的一种非限定形式,兼有动词和名词的特征,它可以带宾语,也能被状语修饰。动名词接宾语或状语构成动名词短语。动名词有时态和语态的变化。 基本形式:由动词原形家词尾-ing构成,与现在分词形式相同。动名词已经名词化了,而现在分词常表示动作或状态。如:a sleeping chair 躺/睡椅(动名词,表用途) a sleeping child 正在睡觉的孩子(现在分词,表状态) 一、动名词的句法功能 动名词具有名词的性质,因此在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语等。 1、作主语 1)直接位于句首做主语。 Reading is an art. 读书是一种艺术。 Climbing mountains is really fun. 爬山真是有趣。 Working in these conditions is not a pleasure but a suffering. 在这种工作条件下工作不是一件愉快的事而是一件痛苦的事。 注意:动名词做主语时,谓语动词为单数 2)用 it 作形式主语,把动名词(真实主语)置于句尾作后置主语。 It is no use/no good crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收 It is a waste of time persuading such a person to join us. 劝说这样的人加入真是浪 费时间。 It was hard getting on the crowded street car. 上这种拥挤的车真难。 It is fun playing with children. 和孩子们一起玩真好。 这种用法在习惯句型中常用,常用句型: It is + no use/no good/useless/senseless/fun/enjoyable/tiring/ interesting/foolish/nice/a waste of time/a plessure… + v.ing 注意:important,essential,necessary 等形容词后面不用动名词(常用不定式)。3)用于“There be”结构中。 There is no saying when he'll come.很难说他何时回来。

英语动名词用法总结

[编辑本段] 定义 由于动名词是由动词变化而来,它仍保留着动词的某些特征,具有动词的某些变化形式,用以表达名词所不能表达的较为复杂的意念。动名词的名词特征表现在它可在句子中当名词来用,作主语、宾语、表语、定语。它也可以被副词修饰或者支配宾语 [编辑本段] 动名词的作用 动名词具有名词的性质,因此在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语等。 作主语 Reading is an art. 读书是一种艺术。 Climbing mountains is really fun. 爬山真是有趣 Working in these conditions is not a pleasure but a suffer. 在这种工作条件下工作不是一件愉快的事而是一件痛苦的事。 动名词作主语,在动词的基础上加Ing,是该动词或动词短语,有名词的各种特征,可作名词灵活使用。如: It is no use/no good crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收 It is a waste of time persuading such a person to join us. 劝说这样的人加入真是浪费时间。 It was hard getting on the crowded street car. 上这种拥挤的车真难。 It is fun playing with children. 和孩子们一起玩真好。 There is no joking about such matters. 对这种事情不是开玩笑。 动名词作主语的几种类型 动名词可以在句子中充当名词所能充当的多种句子成分。在这里仅就动名词在句子中作主语的情况进行讨论。 动名词作主语有如下几种常见情况: 1. 直接位于句首做主语。例如: Swimming is a good sport in summer. 2. 用it 作形式主语,把动名词(真实主语)置于句尾作后置主语。 动名词做主语时,不太常用it 作先行主语,多见于某些形容词及名词之后。例如: It is no use telling him not to worry. 常见的能用于这种结构的形容词还有:better,wonderful,enjoyable,interesti ng,foolish,difficult,useless,senseless,worthwhile,等。

动名词用法归纳

动名词用法归纳Mar 11, 2011 一. 动名词作主语和表语 动名词表示抽象的具有普遍性的行为,不定式表示某一次具体的行为。 Seeing is believing. (但现代英语也可以:To see is to believe.) Swimming is a good sport. (抽象) To swim is good for today. (具体) My job is teaching English. (抽象) Your job is to clean the window now. (具体) 二. 作宾语 1. help to do 帮着做 can’t help doing 禁不住 want / need doing = want / need to be done Your hair needs cutting. / Your hair needs to be cut. 2. 只能跟动名词作宾语的动词有: enjoy; finish; suggest; advise; imagine; mind; practise; consider(考虑);understand; bear / stand (容忍) 等。 I enjoy listening to music. I’ve finished doing my homework. He imagined finding a purse in the street. He suggested having a rest. She is practising playing the piano. He is considering going abroad. 3. 接动名词作宾语的短语有: be good at; be proud of; be fond of; look forward to; be devoted to; insist on; be busy doing; be worth doing; feel like doing; be used to doing; succeed in doing 等。 She is proud of being beautiful. He is fond of playing computer games. I am looking forward to going to the village. I insist on learning English. 4. 接动名词作宾语的重点介词: after; before; on (一…就…); without 等。 After playing football, we feel tired. Before playing football, we feel excited. On opening my eyes, I found Mother standing by my side. I sometimes go to school without having breakfast. 三.动名词作定语 动名词作定语说明被修饰词的用途;现在分词作定语说明被修饰词本身发出的动作。

英语中介词的用法以及动词的用法

英语中介词的用法 ⑴时间或地点介词in、on、at的用法区别: 表示时间时,in表示在一段时间里(在将来时句子中则表示在一段时间之后),on表示在具体的某一天或者某天的上下午等,at表示在某个时刻或者瞬间; 表示地点时,in表示在某个范围之内,on表示在某个平面上或与一个面相接触,at则表示在某个具体的场所或地点。如:He was born on the morning of May 10th.(他出生于五月十日的早晨)/ I usually get up at 7:00 in the morning.(我通常在早上的七点钟起床)/ His glasses are right on his nose.(他的眼镜就架在他的鼻子上)/ He is at the cinema at the moment.(此刻他正在电影院) ⑵ after与in表示时间的用法区别:“after+(具体时刻/从句)”表示“在…时刻之后”常用于一般时态;“in+(一段时间)”表示“在(多久)之后”,常用于将来时态。如:He said that he would be here after 6:00.(他说他六点钟之后会来这儿)/ My father is coming back from England in about a month.(我父亲大约一个月以后从英国回来) ⑶ since与for表示时间的用法区别:“since+(具体时刻/that-从句)”表示“自从…起一直到现在”,“for +(一段斶间)”表示“总共有…之久”,都常用于完成时态;如:Uncle Li has worked in this factory since 1970.(李叔叔自从1970年起就在这家工厂工作了)/ Uncle Li has worked in this factory for over 30 years. (李叔叔在这家工厂已经工作了30多年) ⑷ by、in与with表示方式的用法区别:都可以表示“工具、手段”,但是by 主要表示“乘坐”某个交通工具或“以……方式”,在被动句中可以表示动作的执行者;in表示“使用”某种语言/文字,with表示“使用”某个具体的工具、手段。如:We see with our eyes and walk with our feet.(我们用眼睛看东西,用双脚走路)/ Please write that article(文章)in English.(请你用英语写那篇文章)/ Let’s go to the zoo by taxi.(我们打的去动物园吧。)/ It was written by Lao She.(那是老舍写的) ⑸ about与on的用法区别:都可以表示“有关…”,但是about的意义比较广,而on主要表示“有关…(专题/课程)”。如:Tom is going to give a talk on the history of America.(汤姆要作一个美国历史的报告)/ They are very excited talking about the coming field trip.(他们兴致勃勃地谈论着即将来到的野外旅游) ⑹through与across、over的用法区别:through指“穿过…(门洞/人群/树林)”;across和over可以指“跨越…(街道/河流)”,可互换,但是表示“翻过…”时只能用over. 如:Just then a rat (鼠)ran across the road.(就在那时一只老鼠跑过路面)/ There is a bridge across/over the river.(河上有座桥)/ They climbed over the mountain and arrived there ahead of time.(他们翻过大山提前到达了那里)/ The visitors went through a big gate into another park.(参观者们穿过一个大门来到另一个公园)

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