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(完整版)小英赛五年级要点

(完整版)小英赛五年级要点
(完整版)小英赛五年级要点

小英赛五年级要点整理

1. 不冠词a, an用法:a用在辅音开头的单词前,an用

在元音开头的单词前。如: a banana

an apple。

2. 人称代词、物主代词和反身代词的用法:

人称代词宾格:|作宾语,表示动作行为的对象,用在动词或介词后。

(注:人称代词并列使用时顺序为"第二人称,第三人称,第一人称”即you,he and I)。

物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词:

形容词性物主代词相当于形容词,后面要加名词,(my/your/his/her/its/our/their )+名词。

名词性物主代词~| =相应的形容词性物主代词+名词,所以不用再加名词。

反身代词:与by搭配时,意为"单独地,独自地”如:He can swim by himself.他能独自游泳。

3. 名词所有格:

例题:That' _________ bedroom. (B )

A.Lucy 'sand Lily '

B.Lucy and Lily '

C.Lucy ' and Lily

D.Lucy and Lily

本题考查所有格,排除C, D。选Lucy ' and Lily's表示的是两个人不同的房间,并且后面

名词要用bedrooms,选Lucy and Lily '表示共用一间房,故本题选B。

4. There be句型用法:

(1)There is +单数可数名词/不可数名词+地点状语

⑵There are +复数名词+地点状语

就近原则的用法:be动词要跟离得比较近的(人或物)的数保持一致。

如:There is a lot of bread and five eggs on the table.桌上有很多面包和五个鸡蛋。

There are five eggs and a lot of bread on the table.桌上有五个鸡蛋和很多面包。

(注:bread是不可数名词,因此be动词要用is)

5. 名词单数变复数:

一、规则的可数名词的复数变化规则:

(1)一般情况力口s : book-- books mouth---mouths house-houses girl---girls

(2)以s、sh、x、ch 结尾的力口es : class--- classes box----boxes match----matches 记忆口诀:四(s) + (sh)岁的X想吃(ch)ES

⑶辅音字母+ y 结尾的变y 为i 加es: city---cities, party----parties

(4)以o 结尾的词+es 的只有以下词 : Negroes heroes potatoes tomatoes 记忆口诀:黑人英雄吃土豆和番茄

以o结尾并且词尾有两个元音字母+s : radios, zoos

⑸以f, fe 结尾的变f 或fe 为v +es : thief, wife ,life ,knife, wolf, half

二、不规则的可数名词的变化规则:

(1) ma n —men, woma n—wome n,tooth —teeth,foot —feet,goose—geese,child—childre n,m ouse —

m ice,ox-oxe n

(2) 单复数相同:sheep, deer, Chinese, Japanese ,Swiss.

6?特殊疑问词的用法:

7?

(1)陈述部分肯定句+疑问部分否定句(可记为前肯后否)。如:He is a doctor,isn'the?

⑵陈述部分否定句+疑问部分肯定句(可记为前否后肯)。如:It isn'a cat,?

8?形容词比较级、最高级:

*形容词比较级的用法 :两者比较时用形容词比较级,其结构为“?比较级+ than ...如:

Helen is taller than Kevin.海伦比凯文高。

*形容词最高级的用法__:

1三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时,用形容词最高级形式,形容词最高级前通常需加定冠

词the,句末常接in / of短语来表示范围.如:He is the tallest students in our class.他是我们班最高的学生。

一、规则变化

1. 单音节词和少数双音节词

(1 )一般情况在原级词尾加-er构成比较级,加-est构成最高级.如: high宀higher宀highest.

(2)以e结尾的词,直接加-r或-st.如:large?larger?largest.

(3)重读闭音节,末尾只有一个元音字母加一个辅音字母的词,先双写这一辅音字母再加-er 或-est.如:big T bigger 宀biggest.

(4)以辅音字母+ y "结尾的词,先变“y为“i再加-er或-est如:happy^happier T happiest.

2. 大部分双音节词和所有多音节词

在原级前加more构成比较级,加most构成最高级.如: dangerous T more dangerous T the most dan gerous.

二、不规则变化

有一些词的比较级、最高级变化是不规则的,需要特殊记忆.如:

good / well T better T,esd / ill T worse T worstnany / much T more T most

little T less T leaMr T farther T farth表s示距离)/ far T further T fur表示程度) old T older / elder T o表示新旧或年龄)/ eldest (表示兄弟姐妹之间的长幼关系)

9时态:

(1)一般现在时:|表示经常性的事情,经常性的动作或一般性事实。

时间状语:often经常,usually通常,always总是,every每个,sometimes有时,at ??在几点钟,只有在第三人称单数用动词的三单变化”其他用动词的原形。

三单变化:1.多数在动词后+ s如:like —likes (1)直接在动词词尾加-s,如:ask---asks , work---works , get---gets , stay-stays;( 2)以字母s,x,ch,sh 或o 结尾的动词,在词尾直接力口-es,如:watch---watches , wish---wishes , go---goes , do---does ; 3)以辅音字母力口- y"结尾的动词,要先变y为i再加-es.,女口try---tries 。 2.不规则变化:have----has。

⑵现在进行时:表示正在进行的、发生的动作。通常句子中有now, look, listen。

动词形式是be+动词ing。

(3) 一般过去时:表示过去发生的动作或存在的状况。

时间状语:yesterday 昨天,last night 昨晚,three days ago 三天前,in 2002 在2002 年,just now 冈財,the day before yesterday 前天...............

规则动词的过去式的构成遵循以下四个规则:(1)直接在动词后加ed ,女口:help-helped ,

want-wanted等;(2)以不发音的字母e结尾时,直接加d,女口:like-liked , use-used等;(3) 以辅音字母y结尾时,把y变成i再+ed,女口:carry-carried , study-studied等;(4)以重读闭音节结尾,双写最后一个辅音字母再加ed,女口:stop-stopped , shop-shopped等。不规则动词的过去式,女口:do-did , go-went , come-came , buy-bought 等。

(4) 一般将来时:一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态。

时间状语:tomorrow 明天,next week 下周, next year明年..........

动词形式是be going to+动词原形

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