化学专业课程中英文对照
普通化学 General Chemistry 分析化学 Analytical Chemistry 有机化学Organic Chemistry 物理化学 Physical Chemistry 谱学导论 Introducton of Spectroscopy 无机化学 Inorganic Chemistry 普通化学和分析化学实验Experiments of General and Analytical Chemistry 现在基础化学 The Principle of Mordern Chemistry 现在基础化学实验 Experiments of Modern Fundamental Chemistry 有机化学实验 Experiments of Organic Chemistry 仪器分析和物理化学实验 Experiments of Instrumental Analysis and Physical Chemistry 合成化学实验 Experiments of Synthetic Chemistry 现代化学专题Topic of Modern Chemistry 化学综合实验 Experiments of Comprehensive Chemistry 化工原理 Principle of Chemical Engineering 化工原理实验Experiments of Chemical Engineering 应用化学实验 Experiments of Applied Chemistry 无机合成化学 Synthetic Inorganic Chemistry 近代分析化学Modern Analytical Chemistry 分离分析化学 Separation Analytical Chemistry 有机化合物波谱鉴定 Spectrum Identification of Organic Compounds 有机合成及反应机理 Organic Synthesis and Mechanics 化学进展 Progress in Chemistry 化学反应工程 Chemical Reaction Engineering 应用电化学 Applied Electrochemistry 工业催化 Industrial Catalysis 环境化学 Environmental Chemistry 环境监测 Environmental Monitoring 化学科技英语 Scientific English for Chemistry 数理方法在化学中的应用 Mathematical Statistics for Chemistry 化工制图 Chemical Engineering Cartography 计算机与化学测量实
验 Computer and Chemical Measurement 化学信息学 Chemoinformatics or Chemical Informatics 应用化学专题 Special Topics in Applied Chemistry 化工装置常用词汇 1
一概论 introduction 方案建议书 proposal 可行性研究 feasibility study 方案设计 concept design 工艺设计 process design 基础设计 basic design 详细设计 detail design 开工会议 kick-off meeting 审核会议 review meeting 外商投资 foreign investment 中外合资 joint venture 中外合营 joint venture 补偿贸易 compensation trade 合同合同附件 contract 卖方 vendor 买方 buyer 顾客 client 承包商 contractor 工程公司 company 供应范围scope of supply 生产范围 production scope 生产能力 production capacity 项目 project 界区 battery limit 装置 plant 公用工程 utilities 工艺流程图 process flow diagram 工艺流程方块图 process block diagram 管道及仪表流程图 piping and instrument drawing 物料及热量平衡图 mass & heat balance diagram 蒸汽及冷凝水平衡图 steam & condensate balance diagram 设备布置图 equipment layout 设备表 equipment list 成品产品 productfinal product 副产品 by-product 原料 raw-material 设计基础数据 basic data for design 技术数据 technical data 数据表 data sheet 设计文件 design document 设计规定 design regulation 现场服务 site service 项目变更 project change 用户变更 client change 消耗定额 consumption quota 技术转让 technical transfer 技术知识 technical know-how technical knowledge 技术保证technical guarantee 咨询服务 consultative services 技术服务 technical services 工作地点 location 施工现场 construction field 报价 quotation
标书 bidding book 公司利润 company profit 固定价合同 fixed price contract 固定单价合同 fixed unit price contract 成本加酬金合同 cost plus award fee contract 定金 mobilization 银行保证书 bank guarantee letter 保留金 retention 所得税 income taxes 特别承包人税 special contractor's taxes 城市和市政税 city and municipal taxes 工作手册 work manual 工作流程图 work flow diagram 质量保证程序 QA/QC procedures 采购计划procurement plan 施工计划 construction plan 施工进度 construction schedule 项目实施计划 project execution plan 项目协调程序 project coordination procedure 项目总进度计划 project master schedule 设计网络计划 engineering network logic 项目质量保证 project quality assurance 项目质量控制 project quality control 采购 procurement 采购周期procurement period 会签 the squad check 计算书 calculation sheets 询价inquiry 检验 inspection 运输 transportation 开车 start up / commission 验收 inspection & acceptance 校核 check 审核 review 审定 approve 版次version 部门 department 专业 specialty 项目号 project number 图号drawing number 目录 contents 序言 foreword 章 chapter 节 section 项
item MR material requisition SPEC engineering specification DATA SHEET 技术表 technical data sheet TBA技术评标 technical bid analysis PDP preliminary design package PM 项目经理 project manager LDE专业负责人lead discipline engineer Material requisition for quotation MRQ材料询价单 MRP材料采购单 material requisition for purchase BEP基础工程设计包basic engineering package P&ID管道及仪表流程图 piping and instrument
drawingdiagram PFD process flow diagram NNF normally no flow FO failure open FC failure close C/S/A civil/structure/architecture detail design phase DDP详细设计阶段
二. 工艺流程
连续过程 continuous process 间歇过程 batch process 工艺叙述 process description 工艺特点 process feature 操作 operation 反应 reaction 副反应 side reaction 絮凝 flocculation 浮洗 flotation 倾析 decantation 催化反应 catalytical reaction 萃取 extraction 中和 neutralization 水解hydrolysis 过滤 filtration 干燥 drying 还原 reduction 氧化 oxidation
氢化 hydrogenation 分解 decomposition 离解 dissociation 合成
synthetics 吸收 absorption 吸附 adsorption 解吸 desorption 结晶crystallization 溶解 solution 调节 modulate 控制 control 悬浮suspension 循环 circulation 再生 regeneration 再活化 reactivation 沥取leaching 破碎 crushing 煅烧 caloination 沉降 sedimentation 沉淀precipitation 气化 gasification 冷冻 refrigeration 固化、结晶solidification 包装 package 升华 sublimation 燃烧 combustion 引烧ignition 蒸馏 distillation 碳化 carbonization 压缩 compression
三、化学物质及特性
固体 solid 液体 liquid 气体 gas 化合物 compound 混合物 mixture 粉powder 片状粉未 flake 小粒 granule 结晶 crystal 乳化物 emulsion 氧化物oxidizing agent 还原剂 reducing agent 有机物 organic material 真空vacuum 母液 master liquor 富液 rich liquor 贫液 lean liquor 萃出物
extract 萃余物 raffinate 絮凝剂 flocculants 冷冻盐水 brine 酸度
acidity 浓度 concentration 碱度 alkalinity 溶解度 solubility 凝固点solidificalion point 沸点 boiling point 熔点 melting point 蒸发率evaporation rate 粘度 viscosity 吸水的 water absorbenta 无水的anhydrousa 外观 appearance 无色的 colorlessa 透明的 transparenta 半透明的 translucent 密度 density 比重 specific gravity 催化剂 catalyst 燃烧 combustion 引燃 ignition 自然点 self-ignition temperature 可燃气体combustible gas 可燃液体 inflammable liquid 易燃液体 volatile liquid 爆炸混合物 explosive mixture 爆炸性环境 explosive atmosphereenvironment 爆炸极限 explosive concentration limit 废水 waste water 废液 waste liquid 废气 off-gas 噪声 noise pollution 成分 composition 挠度deflection 力和力矩 force and moment 弯矩 bending moment 应力-应变曲线stress-strain diagram 百分比 percentage 环境温度 ambient temperature 工作温度 operating 设计温度 design temperaturepressure 相对湿度
RH=relative humidity 油渣、淤泥 sludge 杂质 impurity
四、化工设备
泵 pump 轴流泵 axial flow pump 真空泵 vacuum pump 屏蔽泵 canned pump 柱塞泵 plunger pump 涡轮泵 turbine pump 涡流泵 vortex pump 离心泵centrifugal pump 喷射泵 jet pump 转子泵 rotary pump 管道泵 inline pump 双作用往复泵 double action reciprocating pump 计量泵 metering pump 深井泵 deep well pump 齿轮泵 gear pump 手摇泵 handwobble pump 螺杆泵 screw spiral pump 潜水泵 submersible pump 斜转子泵 inclined rotor pump 封闭式
电磁泵 hermetically sealed magnetic drive pump 气升泵 air-lift-pump 轴承 bearing 叶轮 impeller 虹吸管 siphon 高压容器 high pressure vessel 焚化炉 incinerator 火焰清除器 flame arrester 工业炉 furnace 烧嘴 burner 锅炉 boiler 回转窑 rotary kiln 加热器 heater 电加热器 electric heater 冷却器 cooler 冷凝器 condenser 换热器 heat exchanger 反应器 reactor 蒸馏釜 still 搅拌器 agitator 混合器 mixer 静态混合器 static mixers 管道混合器 line mixers 混合槽 mixing tanks 破碎机 crusher 磨碎机 grinder 研磨机 pulverizer 球磨机 ballmill 过滤器 filter 分离器 separator 干燥器
drier 翅片 fins 烟囱 stack 火炬 flare 筛子 screen 煅烧窑 calciner 倾析器 decanter 蒸发器 evaporator 再沸器 reboiler 萃取器 extractor 离心机centrifuger 吸附收器 adsorber 结晶器 crystallizer 电解槽 electrolyzer 电除尘器 electric precipitator 洗涤器 scrubber 消石灰器 slaker 料仓 bin 料斗 hopper 加料器 feeder 增稠器 thickener 澄清器 clarifier 分级器classifier 浮洗器 flocculator 废液池 sump 喷射器 ejector 喷头 sprayer 成套设备 package unit 仪器设备 apparatus 附属设备 accessory 旋转式压缩机 rotary compressor 往复式压缩机 reciprocating compressor 水环式压缩机nash compressor 螺杆式压缩机 helical screw compressor 离心式压缩机centrifugal compressor 多级压缩机 mutiple stages compressor 固定床反应器 fixed bed reactor 流化床反应器 fluidized bed reactor 管式反应器tubular reactor 列管式换热器 tubular heat exchanger 螺旋板式换热器
spiral plate heat exchanger 萃取塔 extraction column 板式塔 plate column 填料塔 packed column 洗涤塔 scrubber 吸收塔 absorber 冷却塔 cooling
tower 精馏塔 fractionating tower 汽提塔 stripper 再生塔 regenerator 造粒塔 prill tower 塔附件 tower accessories 液体分配布器 liquid distributor 填料支持板 support plate 定距管 spacer 降液管 downcomer 升气管 chimney 顶底层塔盘 top bottom tray 挡板 baffle 抽出口 draw nozzle 溢流堰 weir 泡罩 bubble cap 筛板 sieve plate 浮阀 float valve 除沫器demister pad 塔裙座 skirt 椭圆封头 elliptical head 高位槽 head tank 中间槽 intermediate tank 加料槽 feed tank 补给槽 make-up tank 计量槽measuring tank 电解槽 cell 溜槽 chute 收集槽 collecting tank 液滴分离器knockout drum 稀释罐 thinning tank 缓冲罐 surge drum 回流罐 reflux drum 闪蒸罐 flash drum 浮顶罐 floating roof tank 内浮顶罐 covered floating roof tank 球罐 spheroid 气柜 gas holder 湿式气柜 wet gas-holder 干式气柜 dry gas-holder 螺旋式气柜 helical gas-holder 星型放料器,旋转阀
rotary valve 抽滤器 mutche filter 压滤器 filter press 压滤机 pressure filter 板框压滤器 plate-and-fram filter press 转鼓过滤器 rotary drum filter 带式过滤器 belt filter 翻盘式过滤器袋滤器 bag filter 旋风分离器cyclone separator 盘式干燥箱 compartment tray drier 真空干燥器 vacuum drier 隧道式干燥器 tunnel drier 回转干燥器 rotary drier 穿流循环干燥器through circulation drier 喷雾干燥器 spray drier 气流干燥器 pneumatic conveyor drier 圆盘式加料器 dish feeder 螺旋式加料器 screw feeder 颚式破碎机 jaw crusher 回转破碎机 gyratory crusher 滚洞破碎机 roll crusher 锤式破碎机 hammer crusher 冲击破碎机 rotor impact breaker 气流喷射粉碎机 jet pulverizer 棍磨机 rod mill 雷蒙机 raymond mill 锤磨机 hammer mill
辊磨机 roller mill 振动筛 vibrating screen 回转筛 rotary screen 风机 fan 罗茨鼓风机起重机桥式起重机电动葫芦发电机电动机汽轮机 root's blower crane bridge crane motor hoist generator motor steam turbine
五、管道工程 piping engineering
1 阀门 valve
阀杆 stem 内螺纹阀杆 inside screw 阀座 valve seat body seat 阀座环、密封圈 sealing ring 阀芯包括密封圈,杆等 trim 阀盘 disc 阀体 body 阀盖bonnet 手轮 hand wheel 手柄 hand level handle 压盖 gland 闸阀 gate valve 平行双闸板 double disc parallel seat 楔形单闸板 split wedge 截止阀 globe valve 节流阀 throttle valve 针阀 needle valve 角阀角式截止阀 angle valve Y 型阀截止阀 Y-valveY-body globe valve 球阀 ball valve 三通球阀 3-way ball valve 蝶阀 butterfly valve 对夹式薄片型 wafer type 偏心阀板蝶阀offset disc eccentric butterfly valve 斜阀盘蝶阀 canted disc butterfly valve 连杆式蝶阀 link butterfly valve 止回式蝶阀 combined non-return butterfly valve 柱塞阀 piston type valve 旋塞阀 plug valve 三通旋塞阀three-way plug valve 四通旋塞阀 four-way plug valve 旋塞 cock 衬套旋塞sleeve cock 隔膜阀 diaphragm valve 橡胶衬里隔膜阀 rubber lined diaphragm valve 直通式隔膜阀 straight way diaphragm valve 夹紧式胶管阀 pinch valve 止回阀 check valve 升降式止回阀 lift check valve 旋启式止回阀 swing check valve 落球式止回阀 ball check valve 弹簧球式止回阀 spring ball check valve 底阀 foot valve 切断式止回阀 stop check valve 活塞式止回阀piston check valve 翻板止回阀 flap check valve 蝶式止回阀 butterfly check
valve 安全泄气阀 safetySV 安全泄放阀 relief valveRV 安全泄压阀 safety relief valve 杠杆重锤式 lever and weight type 罐底排污阀 flush-bottom tank valve 波纹管密封阀 bellow sealed valve 电磁阀 solenoid operated valve 电动阀 electricallyelectric-motoroperated valve 气动阀 pneumatic operated valve 低温用阀 cryogenic service valve 蒸汽疏水阀 steam trap 机械式疏水阀 mechanical trap 浮桶式疏水阀 open top bucket trap 浮球式疏水阀 float trap 倒吊桶式疏水阀 inverted bucket trap 自由浮球式疏水阀 loose float trap 恒温式疏水阀 thermostatic trap 压力平衡式恒温疏水阀 balanced pressure thermostatic trap 热动力式疏水阀 thermodynamic trap 脉冲式蒸汽疏水阀 impulse steam trap 放汽阀自动放汽阀 automatic air vent valve 换向阀 diverting reversing valve 呼吸阀 breather valve 减压阀 pressure reducing valve 控制阀 control valve 执行机构 actuator 差压调节阀differential pressure regulating valve 切断阀 block shut-off, stop valve 调节阀 regulating valve 快开阀 quick opening valve 快闭阀 quick closing valve 隔断阀 isolating valve 三通阀 three way valve 夹套阀 jacketed valve 非旋转式阀 non-rotary valve
2 管子,管件,法兰
管子 pipe按标准制造的配管用管 tube不按标准规格制造的其它用管钢管
steel pipe 铸铁管 cast iron pipe 衬里管 lined pipe 复合管 clad pipe 碳钢管 carbon steel.pipe 合金钢管 alloy steel pipe 不锈钢管 stainless steel.pipe 奥氏体不锈钢管 austenitic stainless steel pipe 铁合金钢管ferritic alloy steel pipe 轧制钢管 wrought-steel pipe 锻铁管
wrought-iron pipe 无缝钢管 seamlessSMLS steel pipe 焊接钢管 welded steel pipe 电阻焊钢管 electric-resistance-welded steel pipe 电熔弧焊钢板卷管electric-fusionarc-welded steel-plate pipe 螺旋焊接钢管 spiral welded steel pipe 镀锌钢管 galvanized steel pipe 排污阀 blowdown valve 集液排放阀 drip valve 排液阀 drain valve 放空阀 vent valve 卸载阀 unloading valve 排出阀 discharge valve 吸入阀 suction valve 取样阀 sampling valve 手动阀 hand operatedmanually-operated valve 水龙头 bibb;bib;faucet 抽出液阀小阀 bleed valve 旁路阀 by-pass valve 软管阀 hose valve 混合阀mixing valve 破真空阀 vacuum breaker 冲洗阀 flush valve 根部阀 root primary, header valve 水煤气钢管 water-gas steel pipe 塑料管 plastic pipe 玻璃管 glass tube 橡胶管 rubber tube 壁厚 wall thicknessWT 壁厚系列号schedule number. 加厚的,加强的 extra heavy strong 双倍加厚的,双倍加强的double extra heavy strong 弯头 elbow 异径弯头 reducing elbow 长半径弯头long radius elbow 短半径弯头 short radius elbow 长半径 180°弯头 long radius return 短半径 180°弯头 short radius return 三通 tee 异径三通reducing tee 等径三通 straight tee 带支座三通 base tee 45°斜三通 45°lateral true"Y" Y 型三通四通 cross 异径管 reducer 同心异径管
concentric reducer 偏心异径管 eccentric reducer 管接头 coupling;full coupling 活接头 union 短管 nipple 预制弯管 fabricated pipe bend U 型弯管 "U"bend 法兰端 flanged end 万向接头 universal joint 对焊的 butt weldedBW 螺纹的 threadedTHD 承插焊的 socket weldedSW 法兰 flangeFLG 整体管法兰 integral pipe flange 钢管法兰 steel pipe flange 螺纹法兰
threaded flange 滑套法兰 slip-on flange 平焊法兰 slip-on-welding flange 承插焊法兰 socket welding flange 松套法兰 lap joint flangeLJF 对焊法兰weld neck flangeWNF 法兰盖 blind flange;blind 异径法兰 reducing flange 压力级 pressure ratingclass 突面 raised faceRF 凸面 male face 凹面female face 全平面;满平面 flat face;full faceFF
3.管道特殊件 piping speciality
粗滤器 strainer 过滤器 filter 临时过滤器 temporary strainercone type Y 型过滤器 Y-type strainer T 型过滤器 T-type strainer 永久过滤器 permanent filter 洗眼器及淋浴器 eye washer and shower 视镜 sight glass 阻火器flame arrester 喷咀;喷头 spray nozzle 喷射器 ejector 取样冷却器 sample cooler 消音器 silencer 膨胀节 expansion joint 波纹膨胀节 bellow 补偿器compensator 软管接头 hose connectionHC 快速接头 quick coupling 金属软管metal hose 橡胶管 rubber hose 挠性管 flexible tube 特殊法兰 special flange 漏斗 funnel 8 字盲板 spectacle figure 8 blind 爆破板 rupture disk 4,其它材料
碳素钢 carbon steel .不锈钢 stainless steel. 铸铁 cast iron. 铝 aluminum 铜,紫铜 copper 钛 titanium 抗拉强度 tensile strength 非金属材料
non-metallic material 塑料 plastic 陶瓷 ceramic 搪瓷 porcelain enamel 玻璃 glass 橡胶 rubber 垫片 gasketGSKT 平垫片 flat gasket 填料 packing 型钢 shaped steel 角钢 angle steel 槽钢 channel 工字钢 I-beam 宽缘工字钢或 H 钢 wide flanged beam 扁钢 flat bar 圆钢 round steel; rod 钢带strap steel 网络钢板 checkered plate 材料表 bill of materialBOM 材料统
计 material take-offMTO 散装材料 bulk material 综合管道材料表consolidated piping material summary sheetCPMSS 汇总表 summary sheet
5.设备布置及管道设计
中心线 center line 装置边界 boundary limitBL 区界 area limit 设备布置equipment arrangement layout;plot plan 标高,立面 elevationEL 支撑点point of supportPOS 工厂北向 plant north 方位 orientation 危险区hazardous area classification 净正吸入压头 net positive suction head 绝对标高 absolute elevation 坐标 coordinate 管道研究 piping study 管道布置平面 piping arrangement planPAP 管道布置 piping assembly; layout 详图detail "X"视图 view "X" "A-A" 剖视 section "A-A" 轴测图 isometric drawing 索引图 key plan 管道及仪表流程图 piping and instrument diagramP&ID 管口表 list of nozzles 地上管道 above ground piping 地下管道 under ground piping 管线号 line number 总管 header; manifold 旁路 by pass 常开normally open 常闭 normally closed 取样接口 sampling connection 伴热管tracing pipe 蒸汽伴热 steam tracing 热水伴热 hot-water tracing 电伴热electrical tracing 夹套管 jacketed line 全夹套管 full jacketed 比例scale 图 figure 草图 sketch 图例 legend 符号 symbol 件号 part n
the devel opme nt, is t he key to promoti ng the rule of law. The law may affect the efficiency of out of the path of deve lopme nt will be m ore smooth, won devel opme nt gains will be sustained, a nd end with greater efficiency. Lea ding cadres at all level s shoul d take the lead in re spe ct of law la w, a bide by, and actively foster Socialist culture, actively promoti ng the field of multi-level governa nce accor ding t o law, gui de the masses and consciously abide by t he la w, failing t o find law, solve the problem by la w, i n accor dance wit h the law preva il. XXX admi nistration by law of leadi ng ca dres do not exist on t he rul e of la w, law enforceme nt, ca sual, and vow not t o invest ors, t he new scores and other turmoil. T hese im portant ex positions on my distri ct create g ood development e nvironme nt with highly targeted and gui dance, especially t he General Se cretary pointe d out that t he chaos in my area al so exist s to varying degree s, some eve n quite seri ous. Leadi ng ca dres at all l evels must improve t he development envir onme nt of rule of law as a fundamental task, a dhere t o the pr oblem oriente d, sol id and solve the probl ems in the constr uction of rule of law, to r ule the new effect for devel opme nt environment impr ovements. To hold "key minority". Leaders of this gr oup, although few i n num ber, but the effect is critical. If a local lea ders take the lead right a ccordi ng to law, i n accor dance with t he law, the local CPPCC fresh, pragmatic and efficient development e nvironme nt. Converse ly, if a local leaders of ignoring the la w, impunit y, not only t he political e nvironment will be destr oyed, will have seri ous implicati ons for the dev elopment envir onment. Now, some leadi ng ca dres la ck of awarene ss on the importance of lear ning, t hat learn or not does not matter. T hink efficie ncy is t oo low too m uch, act a ccor ding to t he pr oce dure, t han a n executive order getting al ong wit h. In deali ng with complex issues, often speak of "settling" and "done"; on the i ssue of handli ng letters and visits, like to spe nd money and buy stop a nd stable, but di sregard the law admi nistration, in accor dance wit h the la w, the r ulechain do l ong, a nd put scale big. To serve the devel opment of enterprises. Duocuo simulta neously impr oving se rvice efficie ncy, build better publi c servi ces platform, e nha nce w ork efficiency, initiative to hel p businesse s solve t he pr oject procedures, fina nci ng loa ns, issue s such a s land-use a pproval, re duce operating costs, busine ss travel light and enha nce the confide nce t o overcome all kinds of difficulties a nd the Foundati on, real e ntrepre neuri al passion play entre preneurship, e nhance the internal vitality and creativity. SI XING an construction, prom oting the r ule of la w, tries to make the transformation of forest development XI Ge neral Secretary stre sse d, to reinvig orate Nort heast China, optimize d devel opme nt environment is very im portant. E nvironment of rule of law most gather Moss, the most conducive t o devel opme nt. Improvi ng the lea ding cadres ' usi ng the method of thoug ht and the rule of law Admini stration w ork, pr oblem-solving, t he ability to pr omote the devel opment, i s the key to promoti ng the r ule of law. T he law may affect the efficie ncy of out of the pat h of devel opme nt will be more sm ooth, won devel opme nt gains will be sustaine d, and end wit h greater efficie ncy. Lea ding cadres at a ll levels should take t he lea d in respe ct of law la w, abi de by, a nd a ctively foster Socialist culture, actively promoti ng the fiel d of multi-l evel gover nance accor ding to la w, g uide t he masse s and consci ously abide by the law, faili ng to find law, solve t he pr obl em by law, in a ccordance with t he law prevail. XXX admi nistration by law of lea ding cadres do not exist on t he rule of law, la w enfor cement, casual, and vow not to i nvestors, the new score s and other turmoil. The se important expositions on my distri ct create g ood devel opme nt environment wit h hig hly targeted a nd gui dance, e spe cially the Ge neral Secretary poi nted out that the chaos in my area also exists to varyi ng degre es, some eve n quite seri ous. Lea ding cadre s at all level s must impr ove the devel opment environment of rule of law a s a fundame ntal task, a dhere t o the problem ori ented, soli d and solve the problems i n the construction of rul e of la w, to r ule the new effect for devel opment e nvironment impr ovements. To hold "key minority". Lea ders of this group, although few in numbe r, but the effect is criti cal. If a l ocal l eaders take the lea d right a ccordi ng to la w, in a ccorda nce with t he la w, the l oca l CPPCC fresh, pragmatic a nd efficie nt devel opme nt envir onment. Conversel y, if a local lea ders of ignori ng the law, impunity, not only t he political environment w ill be destroye d, w ill have serious impl ications for t he development envir onme nt. Now, some l eadi ng ca dres la ck of aware ness on t he importance of lear ning, that lear n or not does not matter. Thi nk efficiency is too l ow too much, a ct according to t he pr oce dure, t han an executive order getting al ong with. In dealing with complex i ssue s, ofte n speak of "settling" and "done"; on the i ssue of handli ng letters and visits, like to spe nd money and buy stop and stable, but disregard the law administration, i n accor dance with t he law, the rul Unit 3 Typical Activities of Chemical Engineers 化学工程师的例行工作 The classical role of the chemical engineer is to take the discoveries made by the chemist in the laboratory and develop them into money--making, commercial-scale chemical processes. The chemist works in test tubes and Parr bombs with very small quantities of reactants and products (e.g., 100 ml), usually running “batch”, constant-temperature experiments. Reactants are placed in a small container in a constant temperature bath. A catalyst is added and the reactions proceed with time. Samples are taken at appropriate intervals to follow the consumption of the reactants and the production of products as time progresses. 化学工程师经典的角色是把化学家在实验室里的发现拿来并发展成为能赚钱的、商业规模的化学过程。化学家用少量的反应物在试管和派式氧弹中反应相应得到少量的生成物，所进行的通常是间歇性的恒温下的实验，反应物放在很小的置于恒温水槽的容器中，加点催化剂，反应继续进行，随时间推移，反应物被消耗，并有生成物产生，产物在合适的间歇时间获得。 By contrast, the chemical engineer typically works with much larger quantities of material and with very large (and expensive) equipment. Reactors can hold 1,000 gallons to 10,000 gallons or more. Distillation columns can be over 100 feet high and 10 to 30 feet in diameter. The capital investment for one process unit in a chemical plant may exceed $100 million! 与之相比，化学工程师通常面对的是数量多得多的物质和庞大的（昂贵的）设备。反应器可以容纳1000 到10,000加仑甚至更多。蒸馏塔有100英尺多高，直径10到30英尺。化工厂一个单元流程的投资可能超过1亿美元。 The chemical engineer is often involved in “scaling up” a chemist-developed small-scale reactor and separation system to a very large commercial plant. The chemical engineer must work closely with the chemist in order to understand thoroughly the chemistry involved in the process and to make sure that the chemist gets the reaction kinetic data and the physical property data needed to design, operate, and optimize the process. This is why the chemical engineering curriculum contains so many chemistry courses. 在把化学家研制的小型反应器及分离系统“放大”到很大的商业化车间时，通常需要化学工程师的参与。为了彻底了解过程中的化学反应，化学工程师必须与化学家密切合作以确保能得到所需要的反应的动力学性质和物理性质参数以进行设计、运转和优选流程。这就是为什么化工课程要包括那么多的化学类课程的原因。 The chemical engineer must also work closely with mechanical, electrical, civil, and metallurgical engineers in order to design and operate the physical equipment in a plant--the reactors, tanks, distillation columns, heat exchangers, pumps, compressors, Control and instrumentation devices, and so on. One big item that is always on such an equipment list is piping. One of the most impressive features f a typical chemical plant is the tremendous number of pipes running all over the site, literally hundreds of miles in many plants. These pipes transfer process materials (gases and liquids) into and out of the plant. They also carry utilities (steam, cooling water, air, nitrogen, and refrigerant) to the process units. 化学工程师还必须与机械、电子、土木建筑和冶金工程师密切协作以设计和操作工厂的机械设备—反应器、槽、蒸馏塔、热交换器、泵、压缩机、控制器和仪器设备等等。在这张设备 rass-roots gover nance a ccording t o law is an important foundati on for promoti ng the construction of rule of law, but a lso t he most basi c deve lopme nt envir onment. Despite my good social order i n Ge neral, but there are law-abi ding consciousne ss, social or der is not sta ndar d, regardle ss of faith, Twining vi sit visit and ot her outstanding problems. We want t o actively promote t he field of multi-level g overna nce accordi ng to la w, promote t he continuous im provement of the social environment. o promote univer sal complia nce. A ctively foster t he rule of law culture, carry out law publicit y and e ducation on honesty a nd tr ustwort hine ss, gui de t he masse s and consci ously a bide by the law, failing to find method, problem-solvi ng method, method of gradually cha nging t he worl d, he is not looking for but some one "unspoke n rule s", formed all law la w, a bide by the good atmosphere. T o stre ngthe n the com prehe nsive ma nagement of public security. Deepeni ng pea ce xinga n constr ucti on, strongly against viole nce crime, mafia and serious criminal offences, to prote ct the legitimate rights a nd intere sts of citize ns, legal persons, carry out criminal pol icy of temper justice with mercy, the maximum stimulati ng social vitality, and e arnestly safeguard socia l harmony and stabil y. To resolve social confli cts by law. To further sm ooth cha nnels of reporting soci al conditi ons and public opi nion, improvi ng regulati on, ar bitration, as well a s dispute resoluti on me cha nisms, im plement fully the petitioners ' ca ses "thir d-party" hearings a nd supervisi ng system of letters and calls, and t o resolve t he involved law law suit int o the or bit of rule of law, vexatious, Twini ng visit visit, distur bing soci al order and other mali cious extortion, resolutely crack dow n. Five, impr oving ca dres V itale, pr ovide str ong pr otecti on for forest devel opme nt XI General Se cretary stresse d that the com prehe nsive revitaliza tion in Northeast China, needs a hig h quality, solid style, ca dres of the dare to play. Ca dre ca dres is a pledge, shoul d want to do work a nd a ble to do good, e nthusiasm i s paramount. Treat party ca dres, it is necessary to Stri ct management, and warm care, e nable t he br oad masses of ca dres w ork har d work, this is tw o parallel principle s. In strict accor dance wit h the sta ndards of good ca dres selecti on a nd a ppoint ment, the real officer s, dare officers, those w ho wa nt to pla y, good a s excelle nt cadre s at all levels of lea dership i n the pa st. At prese nt, some l eadi ng cadre s work i nitiative is not hig h, bey ond politi cal, i dle, lazy g overna nce g overna nce, not a s, slow, messy and a phenomenon still exist t o varying de grees, affected and restricte d economic and social develo pment. We must mobilize t he ent husiasm of ca dres as a n urgent task, adhere to combi nation of incentive s and constraints, and adhere to the strict manag ement and warm care, practi cal sol ution "for the officers not to" pr oblem, m otivate cadres a nd better lead the masses t o an undertaking, t he ca dres and create t he ne w achievement i n a dare to play, good at show s as new. To i dentify the probl em, accurate pulse of law to visit and contribute to make visits to t he vexatious visits arroga nce. On t hese i ssues, we need to have a pr oper understanding, shoul d take the lead t o establi sh a se nse of fear of the law, stre ngthe n the application of the rule of law and the r ule of law work of thinki ng and take up responsi bility for the construction of the rule of law. Put lear ning first. Premise is ignorant of the la w, abi de by t he law. Lea ding cadres at all leve ls should take the lea d in st udyi ng the Constit ution and laws a nd regulati ons cl osely relate d to wor k assumed by, a n accurate grasp of the ba sic positi on of our party to a ddre ss the i ssue of the rul e of law, k now n for the scale to do thi ngs, figure out how to use it right, w hat thing s do, what not to do, it ca n never "legal literacy". To enhance the awarene ss of the r ule of law. Firmly establi sh the supremacy of constit utional law, l egal equality before the, right by the law makes the right to statutor y, as well a s the rule of law, devel op habit s of rule of law, t o di scard t he rul e and ca nnot, must not get overri dden by authority, at t he right pressure. Shoul d take the l ead to abi de by. Fulfil its ma ndate i n strict a ccorda nce with stat utory aut hority a nd procedures, no matter what y ou wa nt to a dhere o the la w, thought of rule by la w and the r ule of law to tackle hot i ssues, effective statut ory duty must be, without a uthorization, is not avail able. Such as construction areas, some cadres are be cause there is no pr oce dure i s followe d by t he rul es, paid a heavy pri ce, we shoul d lear n from them, in strict a ccor dance with t he law on bidding a nd im plementati on ... Pr omised t o g ive preferential poli cies for enterpri ses, hesita nt to ca sh or cash not at all. Ma sse s feel strongly about the se issues, it is nece ssary to be solved. T o accelerate de ce ntralization. Spe cificati on list li st list of powers, re sponsibil ities and negative, clearance, rev ocation does not a dapt to t he current situati on of the devel opme nt of policy docume nts, espe cially the rig ht to admi nistrative examination a nd a pproval, the cancellation must be ca nceled, t he delegation must be de ce ntralized to achieve zero-wait, one-st op, seamless, improve a dministrative efficie ncy a nd service levels. In particular, t he del egation of powers must be caught properly, never abl e to loft is no answ er, no one cares, cause ba ckfire, people work harde r. To carry out t he campaign. Crack dow n on law e nforceme nt regulations, uncivil a nd not as, as undermining economi c deve lopme nt, such as e nvironme ntal pr oblems, pay ose attention to the gra ss-r oots l evel we aknesse s, stri ctly investigate and deal with t he grass-roots level corruption and denial of Justice against t he interest s of the masses, such as corr upti on a nd corr uption, rut hless pe opl e around "flies", further optimization of the development e nvironment. In parti cula r, strengt heni ng the constructi on of Governme nt cre dit, and trustw or thy pra ctice for companie s and invest ors, and must not break faith with t he
reaction kinetics 反应动力学 reactant 反应物 purify 精制提纯 recycle 循环回收 unconverted reactant 未转化的反应物 chemical reactor transfer of heat, evaporation, crystallization 结晶drying 干燥 screening 筛选，浮选chemical reaction 化学反应cracking of petroleum 石油裂解catalyst 催 化剂， reaction zone 反应区 conservation of mass and energy 能量与质量守衡定律 technical advance 技术进步 efficiency improvement 效率提高 reaction 反应separation 分离 heat exchange 热交换 reactive distillation 反应精馏 capital expenditure 基建投资 setup 装置 capital outlay 费用，成本，基建投资 yield 产率，收率 reaction byproduct 反应副产物 equilibrium constant 平衡常数 waste 废物 feedstock 进料，原料 product 产物，产品 percent conversion 百分比转化率 ether 乙醚 gasoline 汽油 oxygenate content 氧含量 catalyst 催化剂 reactant 反应物 inert 惰性物，不参加反应的物质 reactive distillation 反应精馏 energy saving 节约能量 energy efficiency 能量效率 heat-sensitive material 热敏性物质 pharmaceutical 制药 foodstuff 食品 gas diffusivity 气体扩散性，气体扩散系数 gas adsorption 吸收； absorption：吸附 specialty chemical 特殊化学品，特种化学品 batch 间歇的； continuous：连续的 micro-reactor 微型反应器 hydrogen and methane oxidation 氢气和甲烷氧化反应
化工专业英语 词汇 reaction kinetics 反应动力学reactant 反应物purify 精制提纯recycle 循环回收 uncon verted reacta n未转化的反应物chemical reactor transfer of heat, evaporation, crystallization 结晶 drying 干燥 scree ning筛选，浮选chemical reacti on 化学反应cracking of petroleum 石油裂解catalyst催化剂，reacti on zone 反应区 con servati on of mass and en erg能量与质量守衡定律technical advance 技术进步efficiency improvement 效率提高reaction 反应separation 分离heat exchange 热交换reactive distillation 反应精馏capital expenditure 基建投资setup 装置capital outlay 费用，成本，基建投资yield 产率，收率reaction byproduct 反应副产物equilibrium constant 平衡常数waste 废物feedstock 进料，原料product 产物，产品perce nt conv ersi on百分比转化率ether 乙醚gasoli ne 汽油oxygenate content 氧含量catalyst 催化剂reactant 反应物 inert 惰性物，不参加反应的物质reactive distillation 反应精馏 energy saving 节约能量en ergy efficie ncy 能量效率heat-se nsitive material 热敏性物质pharmaceutical 希9药foodstuff 食品gas diffusivity气体扩散性，气体扩散系数gas adsorption 吸收；absorption：吸附specialty chemical特殊化学品，特种化学品batch间歇的；continuous：连续的micro-reactor微型反应器hydroge n and metha ne oxidati on氢气和甲烷氧化反应ethyle ne epoxidati on乙烯环氧化反应phosgene synthesis光气合成. commercial proportions 商业规模replication 复制sen sor传感器，探头separati on of solids 固体分离 suspension 悬浮液porous medium多孔介质filtratio n 过滤 medium介质filter 过滤器trap收集，捕集Buch ner
化工专业英语词汇化学专业课程中英文对照 一、化工装置常用词汇 一概论introduction 方案(建议书) proposal 可行性研究feasibility study 方案设计concept design 工艺设计process design 基础设计basic design 详细设计detail design 开工会议kick-off meeting 审核会议review meeting 外商投资foreign investment 中外合资joint venture 中外合营joint venture 补偿贸易compensation trade 合同合同附件contract 卖方vendor 买方buyer 顾客client 承包商contractor 工程公司company 供应范围scope of supply 生产范围production scope 生产能力production capacity 项目project 界区battery limit
装置plant 公用工程utilities 工艺流程图process flow diagram 工艺流程方块图process block diagram 管道及仪表流程图piping and instrument drawing 物料及热量平衡图mass & heat balance diagram 蒸汽及冷凝水平衡图steam & condensate balance diagram 设备布置图equipment layout 设备表equipment list 成品(产品) product(final product) 副产品by-product 原料raw-material 设计基础数据basic data for design 技术数据technical data 数据表data sheet 设计文件design document 设计规定design regulation 现场服务site service 项目变更project change 用户变更client change 消耗定额consumption quota 技术转让technical transfer 技术知识technical know-how technical knowledge 技术保证technical guarantee 咨询服务consultative services 技术服务technical services 工作地点location 施工现场construction field
如有你有帮助，请购买下载，谢谢！ Actinium(Ac) 锕 Aluminium(Al) 铝 Americium(Am) 镅 Antimony(Sb) 锑 Argon(Ar) 氩 Arsenic(As) 砷 Astatine(At) 砹 Barium(Ba) 钡 Berkelium(Bk) 锫 Beryllium(Be) 铍 Bismuth(Bi) 铋 Boron(B) 硼 Bromine(Br) 溴 Cadmium(Cd) 镉 Caesium(Cs) 铯 Calcium(Ca) 钙 Californium(Cf) 锎 Carbon(C) 碳 Cerium(Ce) 铈 Chlorine(Cl) 氯 Chromium(Cr) 铬 Cobalt(Co) 钴 Copper(Cu) 铜 Curium(Cm) 锔 Dysprosium(Dy) 镝 Einsteinium(Es) 锿 Erbium(Er) 铒 Europium(Eu) 铕 Fermium(Fm) 镄 Fluorine(F) 氟 Francium(Fr) 钫 Gadolinium(Gd) 钆 Gallium(Ga) 镓 Germanium(Ge) 锗 Gold(Au) 金 Hafnium(Hf) 铪 Helium(He) 氦 Holmium(Ho) 钬 Hydrogen(H) 氢 Indium(In) 铟 Iodine(I) 碘 Iridium(Ir) 铱 Iron(Fe) 铁 Krypton(Kr) 氪
如有你有帮助，请购买下载，谢谢！ Lanthanum(La) 镧 Lawrencium(Lr) 铹 Lead(Pb) 铅 Lithium(Li) 锂 Lutetium(Lu) 镥 Magnesium(Mg) 镁 Manganese(Mn) 锰 Mendelevium(Md) 钔Mercury(Hg) 汞 Molybdenum(Mo) 钼 Neodymium(Nd) 钕 Neon(Ne) 氖 Neptunium(Np) 镎 Nickel(Ni) 镍 Niobium(Nb) 铌 Nitrogen(N) 氮 Nobelium(No) 锘 Osmium(Os) 锇 Oxygen(O) 氧 Palladium(Pd) 钯 Phosphorus(P) 磷 Platinum(Pt) 铂 Plutonium(Pu) 钚 Polonium(Po) 钋 Potassium(K) 钾 Praseodymium(Pr) 镨 Promethium(Pm) 钷 Protactinium(Pa) 镤 Radium(Ra) 镭 Radon(Rn) 氡 Rhenium(Re) 铼 Rhodium(Rh) 铑 Rubidium(Rb) 铷 Ruthenium(Ru) 钌 Samarium(Sm) 钐 Scandium(Sc) 钪 Selenium(Se) 硒 Silicon(Si) 硅 Silver(Ag) 银 Sodium(Na) 钠 Strontium(Sr) 锶 Sulphur(S) 锍 Tantalum(Ta) 钽 Technetium(Tc) 锝 Tellurium(Te) 碲