113 个字首（Prefix）P-1 122 个字尾（Suffix）P-3 418 个字根（Root）P-5
1821
113 个字首（Prefix）
1 a- = of
2 a- = on
3 a- = intensive (加强语气)
4 a- = ad- = to,at,for
5 a- = ab- = from, away
6 a- = ex- = out, extremely
7 a- = negative (否定) = not, without *母
音前为an- (参照1-14)
8 ab- = form, away form, off
9 ad- = to, at, for *表示方向、变化、完成、
附加、增加、开始，或指表加强的重要
字首[变化型] 借着后面的字音的同
化作用，而有一下变化：ab-, ac-, af-, ag-,
al-, an-, ap-, ar-, as-, at-.
10 al- = all
11 ambi- = on both sides, about, around [变
化型] amb-
12 amphi- = on both sides, around
13 an- = negative (否定) = not, without [变
化型] a-, am-
14 ana- = upon, on, up [变化型] an-
15 ante- = before (与post-相反) [变化
型]anti-, ant-, anci-, an-
16 anti- = against, opposite to (与pro-相反)
17 arch- = chief [变化型]archi, arche-
18 auto- = self [变化型] auth-
19 be- = to make *把形容词、名词动词化
20 be- = to cover with *名次及物动词用
21 be- = upon
22 be- = by
23 be- = intensive (加强语气)
24 bene- = well, good (与male-相反) [同
义词]bon- = bonus = good
25 bi- = double, two [变化型]bin-
26 cata- = down, downwards, fully [变化
型]cat-
27 circum- = around, round about [变化
型]circu-
28 com- = together, with, wholly [变化型]
co-, col-, comb-, con-, cor-, coun-
29 contra- = against [变化型]contro,
counter
30 de- = down, downward *由“往下”之
意衍生为【分离、否定、加强】，是很重
要的字首
31 de- = apart, from *dis-变化型的一种，
主要表【分离、除去】的意思
32 deca- = ten *deci-表示“十分之一”的
意思
33 demi- = half
34 di- = double, twice
35 dia- = through, between, across *和di-
有密切关系的字首，表示“在两者之间”
的意思
36 dis- = apart, away *dis-是由拉丁文
duo = two的变形duis衍生而来，原本是
“一分为二”的意思，是由【分离】引
申为【除去、剥夺、反对、否定】，尤其
【加强语气】的重要字首。[变化型]de-,
des-, di-, dif-, s-
37 duo- = two, double [变化型]do-, dou-,
du-
38 e- *只是为了生意的完善而在s音之
前附加的字母
39 en- = in, into, on, at, near *从【在中
间】之意演变成【进入某种状态使--,使
成为】等，把表示to make之意的名词、形容词变为及物动词。[变化型] em- 40 epi- = upon, to, besides, among [变化
型]ep-
41 eu- = well [变化型] ev-
42 ex- = out of, fully [变化型] a-, e-, ec-,
ef-, es-, iss-, s-
43 extra- = beyond
44 for- = away from *由【分离】之意引
申为【禁止、无视、除外】等否定的意
思，或为【破坏】及【强迫】的意思
45 fore- = before [变化型] for-
46 forth- = towards
47 hecto- = hundred
48 hemi- = half
49 hetero- = other, different
50 hexa- = six
51 homo = same (与hetero-相反)
52 hyper- = above, beyond *含有excess
【过度】的意思
53 hypo- = under (与hyper-相反）
54 in- = in, into, on *[变化型] il-, im-, ir-
55 in- = negative (否定) = not [变化型]
en-, i-, im-, ir-
56 inter- = between, among [变化型]
enter-, intel-
57 intra-/intro- = within, inward (与extra-相
反)
58 iso- = equal (相等的)
59 kilo- = thousand
60 macro- = large (大的), long (长的)
61 mal (e)- = badly, ill (与bene- 相反）
62 mege- = large, million
63 meta- = among, with, after *一般表
【变化】之意，主要用在科学词语
64 micro- = small
65 milli- = thousand, thousandth
66 mis- = wrong (ly), bad (ly), ill *一般
是带有【贬抑】的语气表示【错误】，但
也可单表【否定】
67 mono- = single, sole, alone [变化型]
mon-
68 mult (i)- = many, much
69 ne- = negative (否定) = not [变化型]
na-, n-, neg-
70 neo- = new
71 mon- = not
72 ob- = as, towards, at, before, upon, over,
about, near, against [变化型]为了因
应其后所接字音而变为o-, oc-, of-, op-,
os-
73 octa-, octo- = eight, eighth
74 omni- = all
75 out- = out, beyond * 向【向外】引申而
为【超越】【胜过】的意思
76 over- = above, across, beyond *从【覆
盖】【超越】【胜过】引申为【过度】【太
过】之意
77 pan (to)-all
78 para- = beside, beyond, against, contrary
[ 变化型] par-, pa-
79 pen- = almost
80 penta- = five
81 per- = through, thoroughly, away [变
化型] par-, pel-, pil-
82 peri- = around, round about
83 poly- = many
84 post- = after, behind (与ante-相反)
85 pre- = before
86 pro- = for, before, forth, forward * 原
本相当于英语for的拉丁文字首，可以
用for的意思推想。由【为了…】而产
生【代替…】、【赞成…的】、【偏爱】等
意思；或由【向…】演变为【向前】、【事
先】、【公开的】、【因应…】等意思。
87 prot (o)- = first * pro-的最高级。由
【最…的】引申为【最初的】、【原始的】、【原型的】等意思
88 pseudo- = false
89 quadr (i)- = four
90 quasi- = partly
91 re- = again, back [变化型] red-,
ren-
92 retro- = backward
93 se- = away, apart
94 semi- = half
95 sept- = seven
96 sex- = six
97 step- = orphaned
98 sub- = under * sub- 是sup- 演变
而来的，其比较级是super，最高级是
supreme。Sub- 原为【高】的意思，如
super，supreme是指【（以）上；过度；
极度；超越】之意。依照sub- 本来的意
思【高】演变而来的字有sublime（崇高
的；使崇高）[变化型] 为了因应其
后连接字音的不同，而有以下的变化：
suc-, suf-, sug-, sum-, sup-, sur-, sus
99 super- = above, over [变化型]
sop-, sove-, sur-
100 syn- = with, together * 相当于拉丁文co- 的字首，表示【一起、同时、相
似】之意。[变化型] sy-, syl-, sym- 101 tele- = far off
102 tetra- = four
103 trans- = beyond, across, over [变化型] tra-, tran-, tres-
104 tri- = three, threefold
105 twi- = two
106 ultra- = beyond
107 un- = no * 接在名词、形容词、副词前，表【否定】之意
108 un- = the reversal of an action * 置于动词前，表示这个动作的相反的动作109 under- = under, beneath * 由【在下面】、【下面的】演变为【不够地】意思110 uni- = one [ 变化型] un-
111 up- = up, aloft
112 vice- = in place of [变化型] vis- 113 with- = against, back
954
122 个字尾（Suffix）
(一) 名词字尾
（1）表示“人”的名词字尾
1 -ain
2 -aire
3 -an, -ian, -ean * 该形式也多为形容词
使用
4 -ant * 这种字尾也可作为形容词使用
5 -ar
6 -ard, -art
7 -ary
8 -ate
9 -ee * 和-er 相反，是【被…人】之意
10 -eer * 重音常在这个音节11 -en
12 -ent
13 -er
14 -ese * 放在专有名词后，表示【国民】、
【国语】，也可做形容词
15 -ess * 作为女性名词
16 -eur * 表示【人】的法文字尾
17 -herd * 管理家畜的人
18 -ier
19 -iff
20 -ist
21 -ite * 表【和…有关的人】，【属于…团
体的人】
22 -ive * 形容词表示名词的字尾
23 -man, -sman * -sman 的s 不是复数，
而是表示所有格
24 -on
25 -or, -our
26 -ster
27 -y, -yer
（2）具有【缩小】意义的名词字尾
* 加上这些字尾，可使名词带有【小的】、【可爱的】、【可亲近的】等意味，但有
的也会完全不含【缩小】之意
1 -cle * 表示【个体】、【个别】
2 -el, -le
3 -en, -in
4 -et, -ette
5 -kin
6 -let
7 -ling
8 -ock
9 - (c)ule
10 -ie, -y * 作为专有名词的昵称
（3）表示抽象名词的字尾
1 -ace
2 -ade
3 -age
4 -al * 把动词变成抽象名词
5 -ance, -ancy, -ence, -ency
6 -cy
7 -dom
8 -hood, -head
9 -ic (s) * 常用于学术用语的字尾
10 -ice, -ise
11 -ing
12 -ion
13 -ism, -asm * 用来表示【主义】、【学
说】、【特性】等等
14 -itude
15 - (i)um * 多用于元素的名称
16 -ment
17 -mony * 是ment的变化型
18 -ness *将形容词变为抽象名词
19 -o (u)r * [英] -our, [美] -or
20 -ry
21 -ship * 和“船”没有关系，而是古代
英语的-scipe (= shape)变来的，表示【…
样子】的意思
22 -t, -th
23 -ty, -ety, -ity
24 -ure
25 -y
（4）表示集合名词的字尾
1 -age
2 -ary
3 -ry
（5）表示地点名词的字尾
1 -ace
2 -age
3 -ary
4 -dom
5 -ery
6 -ory
7 -um
8 -y
(二) 形容词字尾
1 -able, -ible * 表【有能力】、【易做】、
【适合】、【足以做…】的意思，被修饰
的名词有被动的意思。
2 -al, -ial * 表【有关…】、【有…性质】
的意思
3 -an, -ian * 多接于专有名词之后，做形
容词使用，也可做【…人】解
4 -ant, -ent
5 -ar
6 -ary
7 -ate, -ete, -ute * 表【有…性质的】、
【有…味道的】之意。注意ate的发音8 -ed * 多接于名词之后，表【具有…】、
【充满…】之意
9 -en * 多接于物质名词之后，表【由…
做成的】之意
10 -ern * 主要用于表示【方向】
11 -ese * 加在国名之后成为形容词及名
词
12 -fold * 加上数词，表【…倍的】、【…
重的】之意，愿意是重叠或折叠
13 -ful * 多加在名词之后，表【充满…】
的意思，是最常用的形容词字尾，相反
字尾是-less
14 -iac * 表【与…有关的】之意
15 -ic * 表【与…有关的】、【…的】等意
思
16 -ical * 表【有关】、【…性的】之意，
重音一般在-ical之前的音节
17 -id
18 -ile * 表示【易于…】的意思
19 -ine * 表示【具有…性质】的意思
20 -ing * 把动词变为形容词的形式
21 -ior * 这是拉丁文中用来表示比较级
的字尾
22 -ique, -esque * 表示【…风格的】的意
思
23 -ish * 表示【带有…样性质的】、【有
关…的】的意思
24 -ite
25 -ive
26 -less * 由古英文leas而来的形式，表
【没有…】的意思，反义词为-ful
27 -like * 表【象…样的】、【喜欢…的】
等意思
28 -ly * 加在名词后做形容词，加在形容
词后做副词
29 -most * 表示【最高级】的意思
30 -ory * 表示【带有…的性质】之意
31 -ous * 表示【充满了…】之意
32 -proof * 多加在名词之后，表【防…的】
的意思
33 -some * 这是same 的变化形，表
【象…样的】、【有…倾向】的意思
34 -ward * 主要用来表示【方向】
35 -y * 表示【充满…】、【有…性质】、
【有…倾向】的意思
(三) 副词字尾
1 -ence * 表示from 的意思；-ither 则
表to 的意思
2 -ling, -long * 表示【在…方向】的意思
3 -ly * 从古英语lic (= like)而来的字
根，大多接于形容词之后
4 -s
5 -ward (s) * 表示方向
6 -way (s), -wise * 两者字源相同，表
【方式】
(四) 动词字尾
1 -ate * 最常做动词字尾，其名词是
-ation
2 -en * 加上形容词、名词，表【使成…】
3 -er * 表示【反复】的声音或动作
4 -esce * 表动作开始或正在执行
5 -fy * 是拉丁文facere = (to make)的
变化型，表【做成…】、【使…化】的意
思
6 -ish * 表【做…】的意思
7 -ize, -ise * 表【使成…装提】、【使…化】
等意思，英式英语中也使用-ise。注意
读音均为[aiz]
8 -le * 表示【反复】读音多为[l]
6605
418 个字根（Root）
1 acid, acr = sour (酸的), sharp (锐利的)
* 拉丁文acidus = (to be sour), acer (=
sharp)
2 act = to act (行动) * 由拉丁文的
agere (= to do, to drive) 而来的，和
ag-,ig-同类，过去分词是actus
3 agogue = leader (领导者) * 希腊文
agogos (= leader)
4 al, ol, ul = to nourish (滋养) * 拉丁文
alere (= to nourish)
5 alt = high（高的）* 拉丁文altus =
(high)
6 alter, ali = other (其他的) * 拉丁文
alter＝other
7 am = to love （爱）* 拉丁文amare
（＝to love）
8 ang = to strangle（勒死；窒息）* 拉
丁文angere（＝to strangle）
9 angl, angul = angle（角）* 拉丁文
angulus（＝angle）
10 anim = breath（气息），mind（心）* 拉
丁文anima = (breath), animus (= mind) 11 ann = year（年）* 拉丁文annus（＝
year）
12 anthrop＝man（人类）* 希腊文
anthropos（＝man）
13 apt = fit（适当的）* 拉丁文aptus（＝
fit）
14 aqua = water（水）* 拉丁文aqua (=
water)
15 arm = weapons（武器）* 拉丁文arme
(= weapons),armare (= to arm)
16 art = skill（技巧），art（技术）* 拉丁
文art (= art), ars (= skill)
17 aud = to hear（听）* 拉丁文audire (=
to hear)
18 aug = to increase (增加); to make to
grow (使产生；使增大) * 拉丁文
augere (= to increase, to make to grow), 过去分词是auctus
19 avi = bird (鸟) * 拉丁文avis (= bird)
20 band, bond = to bind (捆绑) * 梵文
bhand = (to bind)
21 bar = bar (横木) * 拉丁文barra (= bar)
22 bat = to beat (打) * 拉丁文battere (= to
beat)
23 bat, bas = to go (走) * 希腊文bainein
(= to go)
24 bell = war (战争) * 拉丁文bellum (=
war)
25 bio = life (生命) * 希腊文bios (= life)
26 brew = short (短的) * 拉丁文brevis (=
short)
27 cad, cid, cas = fall (落下) * 拉丁文
cadere (= to fall)
28 calc = lime (石灰) * 拉丁文calc,calx
(= lime)
29 camp = field (田野) * 拉丁文
campus (= plain,field)
30 cand = white (白色) , bright (光亮的) *
拉丁文candidus = white, bright
31 cant, chant, cent = to sing (唱歌) * 拉
丁文cannere (= to sing) , 过去分词
candtus
32 cap = head (头) * 拉丁文caput (=
head)
33 cap = to take (取) *拉丁文capere (=
to hold, to take, to catch, to seize)
34 car = car (车), to run (跑) *拉丁文
carrus (= car), curere (= to run)
35 carn = flesh (肉) *拉丁文caro (=
flesh)
36 cast = to throw (投掷) *中古英语
cast (= to throw)
37 cav = hollow (中空的) *拉丁文cavus
(= hollow)
38 cede, ceed, cess = to go (去), to yield
(让步) *拉丁文cedere (= to go, to yield), 过去分词为cessus
39 ceive, cept, cip, cipate = to take (取)
*拉丁文capere (= to take)
40 celer = swift (快速的) *拉丁文celer
(= swift)
41 cent = hundred (百) *拉丁文centum
(= hundred)
42 centr = center (中心) *拉丁文centum
(= center)
43 cern, cret = to separate (分离) *拉丁
文cernere = (to separate, to sift选拔；
淘汰, to decree 判定，to observe 观察) 44 cert = sure (确定的) *拉丁文certus
(= certain)是由前面所说的cernere而来
的。意为“淘汰之后清楚的界定”
45 chron = time (时间) *希腊文khronos
(= time)
46 cide, cise = to cut (切) *拉丁文
caedere (= to cut)
47 circ, cyc = ring (环) *拉丁文circus
(= circle, ring)
48 cite = to call (呼叫), to urge (驱策) *
拉丁文citare = (to cause to move, to
summon)
49 claim, clam = to cry (大叫) *拉丁
文clamare (= to cry out)
50 clin = to bend (弯曲) *拉丁文clinare
(= to bend, to lean)
51 clud = to shut (关闭) *拉丁文
claudere (= to shut)
52 coct = to cook (煮；烹调) *拉丁文
conquere (= to cook)
53 cognis, gnos = to know (知道) *拉丁
文cognoscere,gnoscere (= to know)
54 commun = common (共同的) *拉丁
文communis (= common)
55 cord = heart (心) *拉丁文cor (= the
heart)
56 corp = body (身体) *拉丁文corpus
(= body)
57 cosm, cosmo = universe (宇宙) *拉
丁文kosmos (= order, universe)
58 count = to count (计算) *拉丁文
computare (= to count)
59 cover = to cover (掩盖) *拉丁文
cooperire (= to close, to cover)
60 cre, cresc = to make (制造) , to grow (生
长) *拉丁文creare (= to make), crescere (= to grow)
61 cred = to believe (相信) * 拉丁文
credere (= to believe)
62 crim = accusation (控诉),crime (罪行) *
拉丁文crimen (= accusation, crime)
63 crit = to judge (判断) * 希腊文krinein
(= to judge)
64 cruc = cross (十字；交叉) * 拉丁文
cruc, crux (= cross)
65 culp = blame (过失),guilt (罪过) * 拉
丁文culpa (= blame, guilt)
66 cult = to till (耕种) * 拉丁文cultivare
(= to till, to work at)
67 cumb = to lie down (横躺) * 拉丁文
cubare (= to lie down)
68 cur, course = to run (流；跑) * 拉丁文
currere (= to run)
69 cure = to take care (注意；留心) * 拉丁
文curare (= to take care of)
70 cuss = to strike (打击), to shake (摇动)
* 拉丁文cutere (= to strike, to shake),过
去分词是cussus
71 deb, du = to owe (负债) * 拉丁文
debere (= to owe)
72 dei = god (神) * 拉丁文deus (= god)
73 dem = people (民众) * 法文demos (=
the people)
74 dent = tooth (牙齿) * 拉丁文dent, dens
(= tooth)
75 derm, deerma, dermat = skin (皮肤) *
希腊文dermat, derma (= skin)
76 dic = to proclaim (宣称) * 拉丁文
dicare (= to proclaim, to tell)
77 dict, dit = to say (说) * 拉丁文dicere
(= to say)
78 dign = worthy (有价值的) * 拉丁文
dignus (= worthy)
79 divid, divis = to divide (分割) * 拉丁文
dividere (= to divide), 过去分词是
divisus
80 doc = to teach (教导) * 拉丁文docere
(= to teach)
81 dom = house (房屋) * 拉丁文domus (=
house)
82 dom = to tame (驯服), to fule (统治) *
梵文dam (= to tame), 拉丁文dominus (= lord主人)
83 don, dot, dow = to give (给予) * 拉丁
文donare (= to give)
84 dorm = to sleep
85 dox = , dogma = opinion (意见) * 希腊
文doxa, dokein (= opinion)
86 draw = to draw (拉，引) * 拉丁文
trahere (= to draw, to pull)
87 drom = to run (跑), course (过程) * 希
腊文dramein (= to run), dromos (= racecourse跑道)
88 ducc, duct = to lead (领导) * 拉丁文
ducere (= to lead)
89 dur = to last (持续) * 拉丁文durare (=
to last)
90 dyn, dynam = power (力量) * 希腊文
dynamis (= power) 91 eco = house (家) * 希腊文oikos (=
house)
92 ego = I (我), self (自己) * 拉丁文ego
(= I)
93 electr = electric (电的) * 拉丁文
electricus (= electric, amber琥珀)
94 em,empt = to take (取), to buy (买) *
拉丁文emere (= to take, to buy)
95 equ = equal (相等的) * 拉丁文aequalis
(= equal)
96 err = to wander (流浪；漂泊), to err (犯错)
* 拉丁文errare (= to wander, to err)
97 ess, est = to be (存在) * 拉丁文esse (=
to be)
98 fa, fabl, fabul = to speak (说) * 拉丁文
fari (= to speak), fabula (= story)
99 fac, front = face (面部，正面), forehead
(前额) * 拉丁文facies (= face), front, frons (= forehead, front)
100 fact, fect = to make (做), to do (做，为) * 拉丁文facere (= to make, to do), 和英
文的make, do等一样，是重要的动词101 fall, fals = to deceive (欺骗) * 拉丁文fallere (= to deceive), 过去分词是falsus 102 fam = to speak (说；论) * 拉丁文fari (= to speak)
103 fare = to go (走) * 古代英语faram (= to go)
104 fend, fest = to strike (打击) * 拉丁文fendere (= to strike)
105 fer = to carry (运；载), to bear (忍耐) * 拉丁文ferre (= to carry, to bring, to bear) 106 ferv = to boil (沸腾) * 拉丁文fervere (= to boil)
107 fess = to speak (说) * 拉丁文fari (= to speak)
108 fest = festival (节日；祝宴) * 拉丁文festum (= festival), 复数是festa
109 fict, fig = to feign (假装) * 拉丁文fingere (= to feign), 过去分词是fictus 110 fid, = to trust (相信) * 拉丁文fidere (= to trust), fides (= faith)
111 figur = to shape (形成), figure (形状) * 拉丁文fingere (= to shape, figure)
112 fil = thread (线), to spin (纺织) * 拉
丁文filum (= thread, to spin)
113 fin = to end (结束) * 拉丁文finire (= to end), finis (= end, bound)
114 firm = firm (坚固的) * 拉丁文firmus (= firm)
115 fix = to fasten (缚；固定) * 拉丁文figere (= to fasten), 过去分词是fixus 116 flam, flagr = flame (火焰), to burn (燃烧) * 拉丁文flamma (= flame), flagrare (= to burn)
117 flat = to blow (吹) * 拉丁文flare (= to blow), 过去分词是flatus
118 flect, flex = to bend (弯曲) * 拉丁文flectere (= to bend)
119 flict = to strike (打击) * 拉丁文fligere (= to strike), 过去分词为flictus
120 flor = flower (花) * 拉丁文flor, flos (= flower)
121 flu = to flow (流动) * 拉丁文fluere (= to flow)
122 foli = leaf (叶子) * 拉丁文follum (= leaf), 复数是folia
123 form = to form (形成), form (形状) * 拉丁文formare (= to form, fashion)
124 fort = strong (强壮的) * 拉丁文fortis (= strong)
125 found, fund = base (基础) * 拉丁文fundus (= base, bottom)
126 fract, frag = to break (打破) * 拉丁文frangere (= to break), 过去分词是
fractus
127 fug = to flee (逃走) * 拉丁文fugere (= to flee)
128 fuse, found = to pour (倾；倒) * 拉丁文fundere (= to pour), 过去分词为fusus 129 gam = marriage (婚姻) * 希腊文gamos (= marriage)
130 gener, gen, gent = to produce (制造；生产), race (种族) * 拉丁文generare (= to produce), genus (= race), gignere (= to bear, to beget生产)。希腊文genesis (= orgin, source)。在英语中，gen的形式
也经常用于“生产，产生”之意，再由
其演变而为“种、种族”等相关意思。131 ger, gest = to carry (运，载) * 拉丁文gerere (= to carry)
132 grad, gress = to walk (行走) * 拉丁文gradi (= to walk), gradus (= step)
133 gram,graph = to write (书写) * 希腊文gramma (= letter), graphein (= to write) 134 grand = grand (大的) * 拉丁文grandis (= grand, great, large)
135 grat = to please (喜好) * 拉丁文gratus (= pleasing), gratia (= favour)
136 grav = heavy (重) * 拉丁文gravis (= heavy)
137 gregat = to collect (收集) * 拉丁文gregare (= to collect), grex (= flock群、聚
集)
138 hab, hibit = to have (拥有) * 拉丁文habere (= to have, to hold, to keep)
139 hap = luck (运气) * 古代挪威语happ (= good luck)
140 helio = sun (太阳) * 希腊文helios (= sun)
141 her = heir (继承人) * 拉丁文heres (= heir)
142 herb = grass (草) * 拉丁文herba (= grass)
143 here, hes = to stick (粘着) * 拉丁文haerere (= to stick)
144 horr = to tremble (发抖) * 拉丁文horrere (= to tremble)
145 hum, hom = man (人) * 拉丁文humanus (= human), homo (= man)
146 hum = ground (地面) * 拉丁文humus (= the ground)
147 hydr = water (水) * 拉丁文hydr, hrdro (= water)
148 hypno = sleep (睡眠) * 希腊文hypnos (= sleep)
149idio = personal (个人的), distinct (独特的) * 希腊文idios (= personal, distinct)
150 insul = island (岛屿) * 拉丁文insula (= island)
151 it = to go (走) * 拉丁文ire (= to go) 152 ject, jac = to throw (投掷) * 拉丁文
jacere (= to throw, to cast)
153 join, junct = to join (加入；连接) * 拉丁文jungere (= to join)
154 journ = day (一日) * 拉丁文dies (= day), diurnalis (= daily); 法文journee (= day)
155 jud = to judge (判断) * 拉丁文judicare (= to judge), judex (= judge)
156 jur = to swear (发誓) * 拉丁文jurare (= to swear)
157 just, juris = law (法律), right (正义) * 拉丁文jus (= law, right)
158 labor = to work (工作) * 拉丁文labor (= to work)
159 laps = to slip, to glide (滑；溜) * 拉丁文lapsare (= to slip, to glide)
160 late = to bring (带来), to bear (搬运) * 拉丁文latum (= to bring, to bear), 与
-fer同字源
161 later = side (侧面) * 拉丁文latus (= side)
162 lav, lau = to wash (洗) * 拉丁文lavare (= to wash)
163 lax, lys = to loosen (放松) * 拉丁文laxare (= to loosen), 希腊文luein (= to loosen)
164 lect, leg = to choose (选择), to gather (集合), to read (读) * 拉丁文legere (= to choose, to gather, to read), 过去分词是
lectus
165 leg = to appoint (指定；任命), to send (送) * 拉丁文legare (= to appoint, to send) 166 leg = law (法律) * 拉丁文legalis (= lawful)
167 lev = to raise (升；举), light（轻的) * 拉丁文levare (= to raise), levis (= light) 168 liber = free (自由的) * 拉丁文liber (= free)
169 libr, lib = book (书籍) * 拉丁文libr, liber (= book)
170 lic = to be permitted (被允许；被批准) * 拉丁文licere (= to be permitted)
171 lig = to bind (绑) * 拉丁文ligare (= to bind) 172 lingu = tongue (舌头), language (语言) * 拉丁文lingua = (= tongue,
language)
173 liqu = fluid (液体) * 拉丁文liquere (= fluid)
174 liter = letter (文字) * 拉丁文littera (= letter)
175 loc = place (场所) * 拉丁文locus (= place)
176 log, loqu, locut = to speak (说话) * 希腊文legein (= to speak), logos (= word,
speech, thought)；拉丁文loqui (= to
speak)。由说话衍生出“语言”、“思想”、“学问”等意思。
177 long = long (长的) * 拉丁文longus (= long)
178 lud = to play (扮演；游戏) * 拉丁文ludere (= to play)
179 lumin = light (光) * 拉丁文lumen (= light), luminare (= to light up)
180 lust, luc = bright (明亮的) * 拉丁文lustris, lucidus (= bright), lustrare (= to
enlighten启发、启迪)和lumin-同一词
源。
181 magn, maj, max = great (伟大的；壮大的) * 拉丁文magnus (= great), major (=
greater), maximus (= greatest)
182 man, manu = hand (手) * 拉丁文manus (= hand)
183 mand, mend = to order (命令), to entrust (委托) * 拉丁文mandare (= to
command, to entrust)
184 mari = sea (海) * 拉丁文mare (= sea) 185mark = to mark (作记号), boundary (边界) * 中古法文marquer (= to mark), 古代
英语mearc (= boundary)
186 matr = mother (母亲) * 拉丁文mater (= mother)
187 mechan = machine (机器) * 希腊文mechane (= machine)
188 med = to heal (治疗) * 拉丁文medicus (= to heal)
189 medi = middle (中间) * 拉丁文medius (= middle)
190 melan = black (黑色) * 希腊文
melan, melas (= black)
191 memor = to remember (记忆) * 拉丁文memor (= to remember)
192 ment = to think (想), mind (心智) * 拉丁文ment, mens (= mind)
193 merc = to trade (贸易), reward (报酬) * 拉丁文mercari (= to trade), merces (=
reward, pay), merx (= merchandise经营)。
这些字大都来自merere (= to gain, to buy, to purchase)
194 merge, mers = to sink, to dip (沉) * 拉丁文mergere (= to sink, to dip), 过去分
词mersus.
195 meter = to measure (测量) * 希腊文metron (= measure)
196migr = to remove (移动), to wander (漂泊) * 拉丁文migrare (= to wander)
197 milit = soldier (士兵), to fight (战斗) * 拉丁文milit, miles (= soldier)
198 min = to jut, to project (突出) * 拉丁文minere (= to jut, to project)
199 min = small (小的) * 拉丁文minutus (= small)
200 mir = to wonder (惊讶), to behold (看见) * 拉丁文mirari (= to wonder), mirare (=
to behold), 意为“惊讶的看”.
201 miss, mit = to send (送), to throw (投掷) * 拉丁文mittere (= to send, to throw),
过去分词是missus
202 mix = to mix (混合) * 拉丁文miscere (= to mix), 过去分词为mixtus
203 mod = manner (方法) * 拉丁文modus (= measure,manner, kind, way)
204 mon = to advise (忠告), to remind (提醒) * 拉丁文monere (= to advise, to
remind), 过去分词是monitus
205 monstr = to show (表示) * 拉丁文monstrare (= to show)
206 mor = custom (风俗；习惯) * 拉丁文mor, mos (= custom)
207 morph = form (形状；形态) * 希腊文morphe (= form)
208 mort = death (死) * 拉丁文mors (=
death), mori (= to die)
209 mount = mountain (山), to ascend (上升) * 拉丁文mont (= mountain)
210 mov, mob, mot = to move (移动) * 拉丁文movere (= to move), mobilis (= movable)，motio (= movement)
211 muni = service (服务) * 拉丁文munus (= service)
212 mur = wall (墙) * 拉丁文murus (= wall)
213 mut = to change (改变) * 拉丁文mutare (= to change)
214 myst = mystery (神秘) * 拉丁文mysticus, 希腊文mythos (= mystery) 215 nat = born (出生；天生) * 拉丁文nasci (= to beborn),过去分词为natus 216 nau, nav = ship (船) * 拉丁文navis (= ship); 希腊文naus (= ship)
217 necro = death (死亡), dead (死亡的) * 希腊文nekros (= dead body)
218 nect, nex = to bind (绑，连接) * 拉丁文nectere (= to bind)
219 neg = to deny (否定) * 拉丁文negare (= to deny)
220 neur, neuro, nerv = nerve (神经) * 希腊文neuron, 拉丁文nervus (= nerve)
221 neutr = neither (两者都不) * 拉丁文neuter (= neither)
222 nihil = nothing (无；虚无) * 拉丁文nihil (= nothing)
223 noc, nox = to harm (伤害) * 拉丁文nocere (= to harm)
224noct, nox = night (夜晚) * 拉丁文noct, nox (= night)
225 nomin, nom = name (名字) * 拉丁文nomin, nomen (= name)
226 norm = rule (规则), norm (标准) * 拉丁文norma (= rule, norm)
227 nor = to mark (标示) * 拉丁文notare (= to mark), nota (= mark)
228 nounce, nunci = to report (报告) * 拉丁文nuntiare (= to report, to give a message)
229 nov = new (新的) * 拉丁文novus,
novellus (= new)
230 nul, null = nothing (无) * 拉丁文nullus (= not any)
231 number, numer = munber (数), to count (计数) * 拉丁文numerus (= mumber, to count)
232 nutri = to nourish (滋养；孕育) * 拉丁文nutrire (= to nourish)
233 ocul = eye (眼睛) * 拉丁文oculus (= eye)
234 onym = name (名字) * 拉丁文onoma (= name)
235 oper = to work, work (工作) * 拉丁文oper, opus (= to work, work)
236 opt = to wish (希望) * 拉丁文optare (= to wish)
237 opt, opto = eye (眼睛), sight (视力) * 希腊文ops (= eye)
238 ora = to speak (说话), to pray (祷告) * 拉丁文orare (= to speak, to pray)
239 order, ordin = order (顺序) * 拉丁文ordo, ordin (= to order)
240 ori = to rise (升起), to begin (开始) * 拉丁文oriri (= to rise, to begin, to grow) 241 orn = to decorate (装饰), to furnish (装备) * 拉丁文ornare (= to furnish)
242 ortho = straight (直的), right (正的) * 希腊文orthos (= straight, right)
243 oss, osteo = bone (骨) * 拉丁文oss, os (= bone), 希腊文osteon (= bone)
244 pact = to agree (同意), to fasten (系紧) * 拉丁文pacisci (= to agree), pangere (= to fasten)
245 pan = bread (面包) * 拉丁文panis (= bread)
246 par = to prepare (准备) * 拉丁文parare (= to prepare, to get ready)
247 par = equal (相等) * 拉丁文par (= equal)
248 par = to appear (出现) * 拉丁文parere (= to appear, to come in sight)
249 par = to bear, to give birth to (生) * 拉丁文parere (to give birth to)
250 part = part (部分), to part (分开) * 拉
丁文partem (= part), partire (= to part) 251 pass = to pass (通过) * 拉丁文passus (= pace), 古代法文(passer (= to pass) 252 passi, pati, path = to suffer (承受；忍受), feelings (感觉) * 拉丁文pati (= to suffer), 过去分词passus. 希腊文pathos (= feelings, emotion)
253 patr = father (父) * 拉丁文pater (= father)
254 ped = foot (足) * 拉丁文pes (= foot) 255 ped = child (儿童) * 希腊文paid, pais (= child)
256 pel, puls = to drive (驾驶－>驱动，驱策) * 拉丁文pellere (= to drive), 过去分词
是pulsus
257 pen, pun = to punish (处罚) * 拉丁文poena (= penalty), punire (= to punish) 258 pend, pens = to hang (悬挂), to weigh (衡量) * 拉丁文pendere (= to hang, to weigh), 过去分词是pensus
259 peri = to go through (通过) * 拉丁文periri (= to go through, to try)
260 pet = to fly (飞翔), to seek (寻求) * 拉丁文petere (= to fly, to seek)
261 petr, petro = stone (石), rock (岩石) * 希腊文petros (= stone), petra (= rock) 262 phan, fan = appearance (外馆；出现) * 希腊文phantazein (= to appear)
263 phon = sound (声音); phe = to speak (说话) * 希腊文phone (= sound), phemi (= I speak)
264 photo = light (光) * 希腊文phot, plos (= light)
265 pict = to paint (描写), picture (画) * 拉丁文pingere (= to paint), 过去分词是
pictus, pictura (= the art of painting, picture)
266 plac, pleas = to please (取悦；使高兴) * 拉丁文placere (= to please)
267 plain, plaint = to beat the breast (捶胸) * 拉丁文plangere (= to beat one's breast), 过去分词是planctus
268 plant = to plant (种植), plant (植物) * 拉丁文planta (= to plant, plant)
269 plaud, plode = to strike (打；击), to clap (鼓掌；拍) * 拉丁文plaudere, plodere (= to strike, to clap)
270 plen, plete, ple, pli, ply = to fill (充满), full (满的) * 拉丁文plere (= to fill), plenus (= full)
271 plore = to flow out (流出) * 拉丁文plorare (= to make to flow, to weep)
272 ply, pli, ple = to fold (表“倍；重”之义) * 拉丁文plicare (= to fold)
273 polis = city (城市) * 希腊文polis (= city, state)
274 polit, poli = state (国家) * 希腊文polis (= city, state), polites (= citizen) 275 pon, pound = to put (放置) * 拉丁文ponere (= to put, to lay)
276 popul, publ = people (人) * 拉丁文populus (= people)
277 port1= to carry (运送) * 拉丁文portare (= to carry)
278 port2= gate (门) * 拉丁文porta (= gate)
279 pos = to place, to put (置；放) * 法文poser (= to place, to set, to put). 拉丁文
ponere (to place, to put).过去分词positus.
Pausare (= to pause) 由“停止”演变成
“使休息”。
280 potent = powerful (有力的) * 拉丁文potentia (= power), potens (= powerful) 281 prec = to pray (祈祷) * 拉丁文prec, prex (= to pray)
282 preci = price (价值；价格) * 拉丁文pretium (= price)
283 preda = prey (掠食), to plunder (掠夺) * 拉丁文praeda (= prey, to plunder)
284 press = to press (压) * 拉丁文pressare (= to press)
285 prim, prin, prem = first (第一) * 拉丁文primus (= first)
286 pris, prehend = to seize (捉；握取) * 拉丁文prendere, prehendere (= to take, to seize). prendere 是prehendere 的简体287 priv = private (私有的), to deprive (使丧失) * 拉丁文privus (= private),
privare (= to deprive), 过去分词是
privatus
288 proach, proxim = near (接近) * 拉丁文prope (= near), proximus (= nearest)
289 prob, prov = to test, to try (试), to examine (检查；考试) * 拉丁文
probare (= to test, to try, to examine)
290 proper, propri = proper (适当的), one's own (自己的) * 拉丁文proprius (= proper, own)
291 psych, psycho = soul (心灵；精神) * 希腊文psyche (= soul)
292 pugn = to fight (战斗；打架) * 拉丁文pugnare (= to fight)
293 punct = to prick (刺) * 拉丁文pungere (= to prick). 过去分词是由“穿刺”引申
为“（突出之）点”的意思。
294 pur = pure (纯洁的) * 拉丁文purus (= pure, to purify)
295 purg = to purify (使清洁) * 拉丁文purgare (= to purify, to purge)
296 pute = to think (思考) * 拉丁文putare (= to think)
297 quer = to complain (抱怨) * 拉丁文queri (= to complain)
298 qui, quiet = calm (安静的), rest (休息) * 拉丁文quiet, quies (= quiet, rest)
299 quire, quisit, quest = to seek (追求) * 拉丁文quaerere (= to seek), 过去分词
为quaesitus
300 quit = to free (使自由), to release (免除) * 古代法文quite (= free of, released) 301 rad, ras = to scrape (刮，擦) * 拉丁文redere (= to scrape), 过去分词是rasus 302 radi = root (根) * 拉丁文radix (= root) 303 radi = ray (光线) * 拉丁文radius (= ray)
304 rap, rav = to snatch (攫取) * 拉丁文rapere (= to snatch, to seize, to grasp) 305 rat, tatio = to reckon (推定), reason (理由；理性) * 拉丁文ratio (= to reckon, reason)
306 rect = right (公正的；正当的), straight (直的) * 拉丁文rectus (= right, straight)
307 reg = to rule (统治), king (王) * 拉
丁文regere (= to rule), rex (= king)
308 rept = to creep (爬行；蔓延) * 拉丁文repere (= to creep), 过去分词是reptus 309 rid, ris = to laugh (笑) * 拉丁文ridere (= to laugh), 过去分词是risus
310 rod, ros = to gnaw (咬；啮) * 拉丁文rodere (= to grow)
311 rog = to ask (询问；要求) * 拉丁文rogare (= to ask)
312 rot = wheel (轮子), to turn (旋转) * 拉丁文rota (= wheel)
313 rud = raw (天然的；粗糙的) * 拉丁文rudis (= rude, raw)
314 rupt = to break (打破) * 拉丁文rumpere (= to break, to burst)
315 rur, rus = country (乡村) * 拉丁文rur, rus (= open land)
316 sacr, sanct, secr = sacred (神圣的) * 拉丁文sacer (= sacred), sancire (= to render sacred). 过去分词是sanctus
317 sal = salt (盐) * 拉丁文sal (= salt) 318 sal, sult = to leap (跳) * 拉丁文salire (= to leap)
319 sal, san = whole (健全的) * 拉丁文sanare (= to heal), sanus (= whole), salus (= health)
320 sangui = blood (血) * 拉丁文sanguin, sanguis (= blood)
321 sat = full (充满的) * 拉丁文satiare (= to fill, full) satur (= full)
322 scan, scend, scal = to climb (登；爬) * 拉丁文scandere (= to climb)
323 sci = to know (知道) * 拉丁文scire (= to know), scientia (= knowledge)
324 scribe, script = to write (写) * 拉丁文scribere (= to write), 过去分词是
scriptus
325 sect = to cut (切割) * 拉丁文secare (= to cut), 过去分词是sectus
326 sed, sess, sid = to sit (坐) * 拉丁文sedere (= to sit)
327 semin = seed (种子) * 拉丁文semin, semen (= seed) 328sen = old (老的，年长的) * 拉丁文sen, senex (= old)
329 sens, sent = to feel (感觉) * 拉丁文sentire (= to feel, to perceive), 过去分词
sensus
330 sequ, secut, su = to follow (跟随) * 拉丁文sequi (= to follow)
331 sert = to join (结合), to put (放置) * 拉丁文serere (= to join, to put), 过去分词
sertus
332 serv = to serve (服务), to keep (保持) * 拉丁文servire (= to serve), servare (= to keep, to protect)
333 sign = to mark (加上记号) * 拉丁文signare (= to mark), signum (= mark, token)
334 simil, sembl = like (类似), same (相同) * 拉丁文similis (= like)
335 sinu = curve (弯曲), sinus (窦) * 拉丁文sinus (= curve)
336 sist, stitut, sta, st = to stand (站立) * 拉丁文stare (= to stand), 希腊文sethn (= I stood), 梵文stha (= to stand)之类的例子
不胜枚举。"-st-"有"to stand"之意，源自
于印欧语族的STA (= to stand), 英语中
的"-st-"多由"站立"的基本意思衍生而为
"静止"、"持续"、"固定"、"隐忍顺从"
之意，是个非常冲要的词根
337 soci = companion (同伴), to associate (结交) * 拉丁文socius = (= companion, to associate)
338 sol = alone（单独的、独特的) * 拉丁文solus (= alone), sollus (= entire)
339 sol = sun (太阳) * 拉丁文sol (= sun) 340 solv, solut = to loosen (松的) * 拉丁文solvere (= to loosen), 过去分词solutus 341 somn = sleep (睡眠) * 拉丁文somnus (= sleep)
342 son = sound (声音) * 拉丁文sonus (= sound)
343 soph = wise (聪明的), wisdom (智慧) * 希腊文sophos (= wise, wisdom)
344 sort = kind (种类) * 拉丁文sort, sors (= lot, chance)
345 spec, spect = to see, to look (看见) * 拉丁文specere (= to see, to look)
346 sper = hope (希望) * 拉丁文sperare (= hope, to hope)
347 spers = to scatter (撒；散播) * 拉丁文spargere (= to scatter)
348 spher = ball (球；球状物) * 拉丁文sphaira (= ball)
349 spir = to breathe (呼吸) * 拉丁文spirare (= to breathe)
350 splend = to shine (发光；照耀) * 拉丁文splendere (= to shine)
351 spond, spons = to promise (约定) * 拉丁文spondere (= to promise), 过去分词
sponsus
352 stell = star (星) * 拉丁文stella (= star) 353 still = drop (滴) * 拉丁文stilla (= drop)
354 stinct, sting = to prick (刺) * 拉丁文stizein (= to prick)
355 string, strict, strain, stress = to draw tight (拉紧) * 拉丁文stringere (= to draw tight, to compress), 过去分词为strictus.
(和strong有关系)
356 stru, struct = to build (建筑) * 拉丁文struere (= to build),过去分词structus (原
意是"重叠")
357 suade = to advise (劝告) * 拉丁文suadere (= to advise), 过去分词suasus 358 sume, sumpt = to take (拿取) * 拉丁文sumere (= to take)
359 summ = sum (总数), highest (最高的) * 拉丁文summa (= sum), summus (= highest)
360 sur = sure (确定的), secure (安全的) * 拉丁文securus (= secure)
361 surge, surrect = to rise (立起) * 拉丁文surgere (= to rise), 过去分词surrectus 362 tac, tic = silent (安静的) * 拉丁文tacere (= silent), 过去分词tacitus
363 tail = to cut (切割) * 拉丁文talea (= to cut)
364 tang, tact = to touch (接触) * 拉丁文tangere (= to touch), 过去分词tactus 365 tain, ten, tin = to hold, to keep (保持) * 拉丁文tenere (= to hold, to keep)
366 techn (o) = art (技艺), skill (技术) * 拉丁文techne (= art, skill)
367 tect = to cover (遮蔽) * 拉丁文tegere (= to cover) 过去分词tectus
368 temper = to moderate (节制；调节) * 拉丁文temperare (= to moderate, to regulate, to qualify), 和拉丁文tempus (= time)有关，原为"合于时间的"
369 tempor = time (时) * 拉丁文tempus (= time, season, opportunity)
370 tempt, tent = to try (尝试) * 拉丁文temptare, tentare (= to handle, to touch, to try), 表" (用手)碰触以试验"的意思。371 tend, tens, tent = to stretch (张开) * 拉丁文tendere (= to stretch, to extend), 过
去分词为tesus, tentus.
372 tenu = thin (细薄的) * 拉丁文tenuis (= thin)
373 term = boundary (边界) * 拉丁文terminus (= bound, boundary, limit)
374 terr = earth (地) * 拉丁文terra (= earth)
375 terr = to grighten (使惊吓) * 拉丁文terrere (= to frighten)
376 test = witness (证据) * 拉丁文testis (= witness)
377 text = to weave (编织) * 拉丁文texere (= to weave)
378 the (o) = god (神) * 拉丁文theos (= god)
379 thes, thet = to place, to put (置放) * 希腊文tithenai (= to place, to put)
380 tim = to fear (害怕) * 拉丁文timere (= to fear)
381 ton = tone (音调) * 希腊文tonos, 拉丁文tonus (= tone)
382 tort = to twist (卷缠) * 拉丁文torquere (= to twist) 过去分词tortus 383 tour, torn = to turn (转动) * 拉丁文tornare (= to turn), tomus (= lathe旋盘) 384 tox = poison (毒) * 拉丁文toxicum (= poison)
385 tract, treat = to draw (拉曳) * 拉丁
文trahere (= to draw), 过去分词tractus 386 tribut = to pay (付), to bestow (赠与) * 拉丁文tribuere (= to assign, to pay, to bestow) 过去分词tributus
387 trop = to turn (转) * 希腊文tropos (= to turn)
388 trud, trus = to therust, to push (插入) * 拉丁文trudere (= to thrust, to push, to urge), 过去分词trusus
389 tum = to swell (肿胀) * 拉丁文tumere (= to swell)
390 turb = to disturb (扰乱) * 拉丁文turbare (= to disturb), turba (= crowd), 原
意是"分散群体"
391 ultim = last (最后的) * 拉丁文ultimus (= last)
392 umbr = shadow (阴影) * 拉丁文umbra (= shadow)
393 urb = city (城市) * 拉丁文urbs (= city)
394 us, uti = to use (使用) * 拉丁文uti (= to use), 过去分词usus
395 vac, van, void = empty (空的) * 拉丁文vacuus (= empty, void), vanus (= empty)
396 vade = to go (走) * 拉丁文vadere (= to go)
397 vaga = to wander (流浪；漂泊) * 拉丁文vagari (= to wander)
398 val, vail = strong (强壮的), worth (价值) * 拉丁文valere (= to be strong, to be worth)
399 var (i) = diverse (不同的), to change (变化) * 拉丁文variare (= to vary), varisus (= various)
400 velop = to wrap (包；裹) * 拉丁文veloper (= to wrap up)
401 ven, vent = to come (来到) * 拉丁文venire (= to come)
402 venge = to avenge (报仇) * 古代法文
vengier (= to avenge)
403 vent = wind (风) * 拉丁文ventus (= wind)
404 ver = true (真实的；确实的) * 拉丁文verus (= true)
405 verb = word (字；词) * 拉丁文verbum (= word)
406 verg = to incline (倾向；倾斜) * 拉丁文vergere (= to incline)
407 vrs, vert = to turn (转移；改变；转向) * 拉丁文vertere (= to turn), 过去分词
versus
408 vest = to clothe (穿衣), garment (衣服) * 拉丁文vestis (= garment), vestire (= to clothe)
409 vi, voy = way (路) * 拉丁文via (= way)
410 vict, vinc = to conquer (征服) * 拉丁文vincere (= to conquer), 过去分词victus 411 vid, vis = to see (看见) * 拉丁文videre (= to see)，过去分词visus
412 vig, veg = lively (快活的；有生气的) * 拉丁文vigil (= awake);vigere (= to be lively); vigilare (= to watch), 由"没有睡"
引申为"通宵值夜"、"进行活动而未眠"
之意
413 viv = to live (生活；生存) * 拉丁文vivere (= to live), 过去分词victus, vita (= life)
414 voc, voke = to call (喊叫), voice (声) * 拉丁文vocare (= to call), vox (= voice) 415 vol = will (意志；意志力) * 拉丁文voluntas (= free will)
416 volve, volut = to roll (滚；卷) * 拉丁文volvere (= to roll, to turn about), 过去分
词volutus
417 vor = to eat (吃) * 拉丁文vorare (= to devour, to eat)
418 vulse = to pluck (摘；采；拉) * 拉丁文vellere (= to pluck), 过去分词vulsus