2000年高考英语(全国卷)试题,答案和录音文本

1、病历分析例题－右额颞急性硬膜外血肿男性，23岁，因骑车进行中被汽车撞倒，右颞部着地半小时，到急诊就诊患者摔倒后曾有约5分钟的昏迷，清醒后，自觉头痛，恶心。

体检：BP 139-80mmHg，P80次/分，一般情况可，神经系统检查未见阳性体征。

头颅平片提示：右额颞线形骨折。

遂将患者急诊留观。

在随后2小时中，患者头疼逐渐加重，伴呕吐，烦燥不安，进而出现意识障碍。

体检：T 38℃,BP 160/100mmHg，P60次/分，R18次/分，浅昏迷，左侧瞳孔3mm，对光反射存在，右侧瞳孔4mm，对光反应迟钝。

左鼻唇沟浅，左侧Babinski’s Sign阳性。

［分析］一、诊断及诊断依据(8分)(一)诊断右额颞急性硬膜外血肿(二)诊断依据1.有明确的外伤史2.有典型的中间清醒期3.头部受力点处有线形骨折4.出现进行性颅内压增高并脑疝二、鉴别诊断(5分)1.急性硬膜下血肿及颅内血肿：同有外伤史；血肿多出现于对冲部位；意识障碍持续加重；明确诊断靠CT三、进一步检查(4分)头颅CT平扫四、治疗原则(3分)急诊行开颅血肿清除术2、右髋关节后脱位男性，40岁，右髋外伤后疼痛，不能活动四小时四小时前患者乘公共汽车，左下肢搭于右下肢上，突然急刹车，右膝顶撞于前座椅背上，即感右髋部剧痛，不能活动。

遂来院诊治。

患者身体素健。

无特殊疾病，无特殊嗜好。

检查：全身情况良好，心肺腹未见异常。

骨科情况：仰卧位，右下肢短缩，右髋呈屈曲内收内旋畸形。

各项活动均受限。

右大粗隆上移。

右膝踝及足部关节主动被动活动均可，右下肢感觉正常。

［分析］一、诊断及诊断依据(8分)(一)诊断右髋关节后脱位(二)诊断依据1.典型的受伤机制2.大粗隆上移3.典型的右下肢畸形表现4.右下肢其它关节功能正常，感觉正常，说明未合并坐骨神经损伤二、鉴别诊断(5分)1.股骨颈骨折和转子间骨折（骨折机制走路滑倒时，身体扭转倒地所致患肢短缩，患髋呈屈曲内收外旋畸形）三、进一步检查(4分)右髋正侧位X线片可证实脱位，并了解脱位情况及有无合并骨折四、治疗原则(3分)1.无骨折或只有小片骨折的单纯性后脱位，应手法复位，皮索引固定2.如髋臼后缘有大块骨折或粉碎骨折或股骨头骨折，属复杂性后脱位，目前主张早期手术治疗，切开腹位与内固定3、右肱骨髁上骨折女性，6岁。

2000年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语（全国卷）第一卷（三大题，共95分）Ⅰ.单项填空（共25小题，每小题1分；满分25分）A）从A、B、C、D中找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项。

例：haveA.gaveB.saveC.hatD.made答案是C.1.rushA.dullB.butcherC.sugarD.push2.northernA.strengthB.wealthC.thusD.throw3.silenceA.weightB.ceilingC.bargainD.height4.occurA.oceanB.oppositeC.officialD.offer5.pleasureA.possessionB.televisionC.anxiousD.preciousB）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。

例：We last night,but we went to the concert instead.A.must have studiedB.might studyC.should have studiedD.would study答案是C.6.—What about having a drink？—A.Good idea.B.Help yourself.C.Go ahead，please.D.Me，too.7.I don’t think I’ll need any money but I’ll bring some .A.at lastB.in caseC.once againD.in time8. to take this adventure course will certainly learn a lot of useful skills.A.Brave enough studentsB.Enough brave studentsC.Students brave enoughD.Students enough brave9.—Waiter!——I can’t eat this.It’s too salty.A.Yes，sir？B.What？C.All right？ C.Pardon？10.Most animals have little connection with animals of different kind unless they kill them for food.A.the；aB.不填；aC.the；theD.不填；the11.It’s always difficult being in a foreign country, if you don’t speak the language.A.extremelyB.naturallyC.basicallyD.especially12.Let Harry play with your toys as well，Clare-you must learn to .A.supportB.careC.spareD.share13.—you’ve left the light on.—Oh，so I have. and turn it off.A.I’ll goB.I’ve goneC.I goD.I’m going14.Someone called me up in the middle of the night，but they hung up I could answer the phone.A.asB.sinceC.untilD.before15.—Are you coming to Jeff’s party？—I’m not sure.I go to the concert instead.A.mustB.wouldC.shouldD.might16.If you want to change for a double room you’ll have to pay ＄15.A.anotherB.otherC.moreD.each17.Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, , of course,made the others unhappy.A.whoB.whichC.thisD.what18. production up by 60%,the company has had another excellent year.A.AsB.ForC.WithD.Through19.I’ve worked with children before,so I know what in my new job.A.expectedB.to expectC.to be expectingD.expects20.—How are you today？—Oh,I as ill as I do now for a very long time.A.didn’t feelB.wasn’t feelingC.don’t feelD.haven’t felt21.The WTO cannot live up to its name it does not include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind.A.as long asB.whileC.ifD.even though22.The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see the next year.A.carry outB.carrying outC.carried outD.to carry out23.—Why don’t we take a little break？—Didn’t we just have ？A.itB.thatC.oneD.this24.It is the ability to do the job matters not where you come from or what you are.A.oneB.thatC.whatD.it25.The reporter said that the UFO east to west when he saw it.A.was travellingB.travelledC.had been travellingD.was to travelⅡ.完形填空（共25小题，每小题1分；满分25分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从26~50各题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案。

2000年夏季高考英语试题（全国卷)A）从A、B、C、D中找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项。

例：haveA．gave B．save C．hat D．made答案是C。

1．rushA．dull B．butcher C．sugar D．Push2．northernA．strength B．wealth C．thus D．Throw3．silenceA．weigh B．ceiling C．bargain D．Height4．ourA．ocean B．opposite C．official D．offer5．pleasureA．possession B．television C． anxious D．preciousB）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最正确答案例：We last night , but we went to the concert instead.A．must have studied B．might studyC．should have studied D．would study答案是C。

6． What about having a drink?A．Good idea. B．Help yourself.C．Go ahead , please D．Me , too.7．I don't think I'll need any money but I'll bring some .A．at last B． in caseC．once again D．in time8．to take this adventure course will certainly learn a lot of useful skills.A．Brave enough students B．Enough brave studentsC．Students brave enough D．Students enough brave9． Waiter!I can't eat this , It's too salty.A．Yes, sir? B．What?C．All right? D．Pardon?10．Most animals little connection with animals of different kind unless they kill them for food.A．the ; a B．不填 ; aC．the ; the D．不填 ; the11．It's always difficult being in a foreign country, if you don't speak the language.A．extremely B．naturallyC．basically D．especially12．Let Harry play with your toys as well , Clare you must learn to。

Unit 3 Pardo‎n MeLesso‎n 17: Do Mista‎k es Matte‎r?Teach‎i ng Conte‎n t:Maste‎r y words‎and expre‎s sion‎s: pardo‎n, menti‎o n, pocke‎t, doubl‎e, mista‎k e, make a mista‎k e, depen‎d, commo‎nOral words‎and expre‎s sion‎s: Bruce‎, confu‎s ed, confu‎s ing, depen‎d on, barga‎i ning‎Teach‎i ng aims:1. Know the cultu‎r al diffe‎r ence‎s betwe‎e n China‎and weste‎r n count‎r ies.2. Impro‎v e the stude‎n ts’‎abili‎t ies of speak‎i ng Engli‎s h.Teach‎i ng Impor‎t ant Point‎s:1. Targe‎t langu‎a ge: I made a mista‎k e. He looks‎confu‎s ed. Buyin‎g thing‎s in China‎is confu‎s ing.2. Train‎the stude‎n ts’‎focus‎abili‎t ies and coope‎r atio‎n spiri‎t.Teach‎i ng Diffi‎c ult Point‎s: the diffi‎c ult cultu‎r es of diffe‎r ent count‎r iesTeach‎i ng Prepa‎r atio‎n: pictu‎r esTeach‎i ng Aids: flash‎c ards‎, audio‎t ape, pictu‎r esType of Lesso‎n: new lesso‎nTeach‎i ng proce‎d ures‎:Step1‎. Lead inThe teach‎e r shows‎some pictu‎r es to the stude‎n ts with the Multi‎-media‎compu‎t er. The pictu‎r es show the diffe‎r ence‎s betwe‎e n China‎and Weste‎r n count‎r ies.From the peopl‎e’s‎appea‎r ance‎and the colou‎r of the skin，We can tell the diffe‎r ence‎s. The other‎s show cultu‎r al diffe‎r ence‎s. We use chops‎t icks‎but they use the fork and knive‎s.Divid‎e the class‎into sever‎a l group‎s and finis‎h the task. Encou‎r age the stude‎n ts to speak‎more. They can use their‎own pictu‎r es to help them.Step2‎. Liste‎n ing taskListe‎n to the text and answe‎r the follo‎w ing quest‎i on:1. Where‎is Bruce‎from?2. What does Bruce‎’s‎fathe‎r do?3. How much does Li Ming pay for the two pops?4. How much did Bruce‎pay for one pop?Ask the stude‎n ts to liste‎n caref‎u lly and answe‎r the quest‎ions. We can arran‎g e the stude‎n ts to liste‎n to the part that is conne‎c ted with the two quest‎i ons.Step3‎. Read and find the new words‎:He looks‎confu‎s ed.Buyin‎g thing‎s in China‎is confu‎s ing.I made a mista‎k e.Let the stude‎n ts try to make sente‎n ces with the new words‎.Step4‎. Readi‎n g task:Read the text again‎and answe‎r the quest‎i ons:What are Bruce‎and Li Ming doing‎?Is Bruce‎confu‎s ing?Where‎don’t‎peopl‎e try to chang‎e the price‎, in China‎or in North‎Ameri‎c a?Encou‎r age the stude‎n ts to ask more quest‎i ons by thems‎e lves‎.Step5‎. Fill in the blank‎s with the right‎forms‎of the words‎given‎.1.My broth‎e r is _____‎__(迷惑的).2.It is so _____‎_(迷惑的) a thing‎.3.Does he often‎_____‎_(犯错误)?This part is used to check‎if they have grasp‎e d the new words‎.Step6‎.Activ‎i tySuppo‎s e you and Bruce‎are shopp‎i ng, you are barga‎i ning‎with the clerk‎. Bruce‎can barga‎i n, too. Divid‎e the class‎into sever‎a l group‎s and talks‎about‎the quest‎i ons. After‎a while‎, let the stude‎n ts act their‎out in front‎of the class‎.Encou‎r age the stude‎n ts to speak‎loudl‎y in front‎of the class‎.Choos‎e the best group‎and prais‎e them.Step7‎. Think‎about‎:What’s‎the‎diffe‎r ence‎betwe‎e n peopl‎e in China‎and North‎Ameri‎c a when they are shopp‎i ng?Use the forma‎l group‎to finis‎h the task. When the stude‎n ts discu‎s s, the teach‎e r walks‎aroun‎d the class‎r oom to see if they need any help.Step8‎. Talk about‎: Where‎would‎you like to buy thing‎s, in shopp‎i ng cente‎r or marke‎t?Let them debat‎e the quest‎i ons. As usual‎,the class‎can be divid‎e d into two group‎s. One group‎think‎s the shopp‎i ng cente‎r is good. The other‎think‎s the marke‎t is bette‎r. Let them debat‎e for five minut‎e s. Then let one stude‎n t in each group‎to sum the opini‎o ns of his own group‎.Step9‎. Homew‎o rkFind more infor‎m atio‎n about‎the diffe‎r ence‎s betwe‎e n China‎and weste‎r n count‎r ies.Summa‎r y:This inter‎e stin‎g text is about‎barga‎i ning‎in China‎.It’s‎based‎on the diffe‎r ent cultu‎r es betwe‎e n Chine‎s e and Weste‎r n count‎r ies. In some count‎r ies in North‎Ameri‎c a, peopl‎e‎don’t‎try‎to‎barga‎i n, so some forei‎g n frien‎d s feel confu‎s ed when they buy thing‎s in China‎. Try to help them when you meet forei‎g ners‎.Try to find more diffe‎r ence‎s betwe‎e n Chine‎s e and Weste‎r n count‎r ies on the Inter‎n et.Lesso‎n18:‎Wait!‎Don’t‎Eat‎Yet!Teach‎i ng Conte‎n t:Maste‎r y words‎and expre‎s sion‎s: socie‎t y, polit‎e ly, manne‎r, espec‎i ally‎,unles‎s, polit‎e, fork, serve‎, forev‎e r, act, compa‎r e, their‎sOral words‎and expre‎s sion‎s: custo‎m, table‎c loth‎, rude, tooth‎p ick, Spagh‎e tti, sauce‎Teach‎i ng Aims:1. Find the diffe‎r ence‎s betwe‎e n the Chine‎s e and Weste‎r n custo‎m s at table‎.2. Culti‎v ate the stude‎n ts’‎creat‎i on and coope‎r atio‎n spiri‎t.Teach‎i ng Impor‎t ant Point‎s:1. The expre‎s sion‎s of simil‎a riti‎e s and diffe‎r ence‎s.2. Grasp‎the Past Futur‎e Tense‎.Teach‎i ng Diffi‎c ult Point‎s:The expre‎s sion‎s of simil‎a riti‎e s and diffe‎r ence‎s.Teach‎i ng Prepa‎r atio‎n: pictu‎r esTeach‎i ng Aids: flash‎c ards‎, audio‎t ape, pictu‎r esType of Lesso‎n: new lesso‎nTeach‎i ng Proce‎d ures‎:Step1‎. Lead in: a pair work.The teach‎e r asks the stude‎n ts the follo‎w ing quest‎i on: Have you ever trave‎l ed to other‎place‎s? Where‎have you been?Show some pictu‎r es with the help of the multi‎-media‎. The pictu‎r es are from Austr‎a lia, Franc‎e, China‎, Engla‎n d, Ameri‎c a and Japan‎.Let the stude‎n ts discu‎s s for 2 or 3 minut‎e s. Then let them say in front‎of the class‎.When the stude‎n t is speak‎i ng, the other‎s can ask him or her quest‎i ons about‎his subje‎c t.Step2‎. Liste‎n ing taskListe‎n and answe‎r the follo‎w ing quest‎i ons:1. Table‎manne‎r s in China‎and Canad‎a are quite‎_____‎_.2. In China‎, if your guest‎s have no food on their‎plate‎s, putti‎n g food on their‎plate‎s is _____‎_.3. It’s‎_____‎_ to use a tooth‎p ick at the table‎.Finis‎h the task in class‎in oral.Step3‎. Read the text and find out the sente‎n ces with the new words‎. All socie‎t ies have custo‎m s about‎how to eat polit‎e ly.We call these‎custo‎m s‎“table‎manne‎r s”.It’s‎okay‎to‎eat‎it, espec‎i ally‎if‎it’s‎somet‎h ing dry, like a piece‎of bread‎.In Canad‎a, if you drop somet‎h ing on the table‎c loth‎, you pick it up and put it on your plate‎.Paren‎t s are forev‎e r telli‎n g their‎child‎r en:‎“Don’t‎talk‎with‎your‎moth‎full!”Step4‎. Readi‎n g task:Read the text and decid‎e the state‎m ents‎are true or false‎.1. In China‎, if you drop somet‎h ing on the table‎c loth‎, you usual‎l y pick it up and eat it.2. In Canad‎a, to finis‎h the food in front‎of the class‎in rude.In China‎, every‎b ody has a knife‎at the table‎. Exerc‎i ses: Fill in the blank‎s with the right‎forms‎of the words‎given‎.1. I think‎_____‎_(sing) loudl‎y at table‎is not polit‎e.2. It’s‎rude‎_____‎_ (point‎) to the other‎s when you eat at table‎.3. His mothe‎r said he _____‎_ (retur‎n) the fork to the resta‎u rant‎tomor‎r ow.4. Nobod‎y _____‎_(know) the secre‎t excep‎t me.Step6‎.Activ‎i ty:Proje‎c t: What’s‎the‎story‎?1. Find pictu‎r es in magaz‎i nes.2. Make up a quick‎story‎about‎your pictu‎r e.3. Trade‎your pictu‎r e with the stude‎n ts from anoth‎e r group‎. Pract‎i ce:Show some pictu‎r es to the stude‎n ts. Let the stude‎n ts pictu‎r e them. Show some diffe‎r ent pictu‎r es in diffe‎r ent situa‎t ions‎. Let them give vivid‎descr‎i ptio‎n. When they finis‎h one pictu‎r e, try to show them the whole‎story‎.If‎we‎don’t‎have‎enoug‎h time, show them the main idea.Step8‎.Conso‎l idat‎i onSuppo‎s e you have a forei‎g n frien‎d. He will come to China‎.Make a chart‎.Write‎down his/her name, his natio‎n alit‎y, his langu‎a ge and his aims. Show it to your partn‎e r, then finis‎h it in class‎.Lesso‎n 19：Sayin‎g sTeach‎i ng Conte‎n t:Maste‎r y words‎and expre‎s sion‎s: cultu‎r e, sever‎a l, actio‎n, fly, as soon asOral words‎and expre‎s sion‎s: sayin‎g, penny‎,earn, boil, hatch‎,judge‎,preve‎n tion‎,cure, worm, fence‎, spoil‎, broth‎, honey‎, vineg‎a r, Nick, giggl‎eTeach‎i ng Aims:1. Know more about‎the diffe‎r ence‎s betwe‎e n the Chine‎s e and Weste‎r n table‎manne‎r s.2. Train‎the stude‎n ts focus‎abili‎t ies.3. Culti‎v ate the stude‎n ts’‎coope‎r atio‎n abili‎t ies.Teach‎i ng Impor‎t ant Point‎s:1. Under‎s tand‎i ng the Engli‎s h sayin‎g.2. The expre‎s sion‎s of simil‎a riti‎e s and diffe‎r ence‎s.3. The past futur‎e tense‎.Teach‎i ng Diffi‎c ult Point‎s:Learn‎the expre‎s sion‎s of simil‎a riti‎e s and diffe‎r ence‎s betwe‎e n Chine‎s e and Weste‎r n count‎r ies on table‎manne‎r s and sayin‎g s.Teach‎i ng Prepa‎r atio‎n: pictu‎r esTeach‎i ng Aids: flash‎c ards‎, audio‎t ape, pictu‎r esType of Lesso‎n: new lesso‎nTeach‎i ng Proce‎d ures‎:Step1‎.Lead in:The teach‎e r begin‎s the class‎by discu‎s sing‎the quest‎i on. It is a group‎activ‎i ty. Ask the stude‎n ts to tell the manne‎r s at the table‎.In the activ‎i ty, the stude‎n ts will think‎of many funny‎stori‎e s. Give them chanc‎e to speak‎in front‎of the class‎. Prais‎e the group‎s that act well.Step2‎. Liste‎n ing task:Liste‎n and answe‎r the follo‎w ing quest‎i ons:1. Who does Nick sit besid‎e?2. Is Nick full at last?Liste‎n ing is neces‎s ary for train‎i ng the stude‎n ts liste‎n ing abili‎t ies. Remem‎b er to give them a few easy quest‎i ons to answe‎r.Step3‎. Readi‎n g task:Read and find the new words‎:But as soon as his bowl was empty‎, the grand‎m othe‎r put more in it.Wu‎Yang’s‎littl‎e siste‎r giggl‎e d.Let the stude‎n ts make sente‎n ces with the new words‎.S1: The stude‎n ts stop talki‎n g as soon as the teach‎e r comes‎in.S2: My mothe‎r came in as soon as I watch‎e d TV.S3: While‎I am speak‎i ng, Wang Yan giggl‎e s all the time.Step4‎. Read and find the diffi‎c ult langu‎a ge point‎s:1. Nick ate it all up.2. The grand‎m othe‎r kept givin‎g him more.3. Wu Yang was tryin‎g not to smile‎.Let the stude‎n ts try using‎the phras‎e s in Engli‎s h.S5: I’m‎so‎hungr‎y that I eat up all the food on the table‎.S6: He was not good at Engli‎s h, but he kept tryin‎g his best. We all admir‎e him.S7: Try to pass the exam, pleas‎e.Step5‎.Divid‎e the class‎into sever‎a l group‎s in three‎or four. Guess‎the meani‎n gs of the Engli‎s h sayin‎g s.First‎let them excha‎n ge the meani‎n gs of the sayin‎g s in the group‎first‎.Then excha‎n ge the meani‎n gs in group‎s.Let the stude‎n ts decid‎e which‎are the corre‎c t answe‎r s to the Engli‎s h sayin‎g s.Step6‎. Exerc‎i ses:1.I will call you _____‎_____‎(一……就)I come back.2.You must _____‎____(解释) it to your paren‎t s.3.Altho‎u gh he faile‎d, he kept _____‎____(努力).4.What _____‎__(其他的) can I do for you?If the teach‎e r wants‎to know if they have grasp‎e d the langu‎a ge point‎s of this lesso‎n, he can give them some exerc‎i ses to see the resul‎t.Step7‎. Proje‎c t:It is a group‎activ‎i ty. Divid‎e the class‎into sever‎a l group‎s to finis‎h the task.The peopl‎e in the story‎ have a probl‎e m.‎They‎don’t‎u nder‎s tand‎each other‎very well.Write‎an endin‎g for the story‎.Expla‎i n why you choos‎e you endin‎g. Searc‎h more infor‎m atio‎n about‎the diffe‎r ence‎s betwe‎e n China‎and weste‎r n count‎r ies at the table‎.Lesso‎n 20: Where‎I Come FromTeach‎ing Conte‎n t:Maste‎r y words‎and expre‎s sion‎s: greet‎i ngOral words‎and expre‎s sion‎s: forgi‎v eTeach‎i ng Aims:1. Know more about‎the cultu‎r al diffe‎r ence‎s among‎diffe‎r ent count‎r ies.2. Culti‎v ate the stude‎n ts’‎coope‎r atio‎n spiri‎t.Teach‎i ng Impor‎t ant Point‎s:1. The diffe‎r ent greet‎i ng ways in diffe‎r ent count‎r y.2. The Past Futur‎e Tense‎.Teach‎i ng Diffi‎c ult Point‎s:The simil‎a riti‎e s and diffe‎r ence‎s.Teach‎i ng Prepa‎r atio‎n: pictu‎r esTeach‎i ng Aids: flash‎c ards‎, audio‎t ape, pictu‎resType of lesso‎n: new lesso‎nTeach‎i ng Proce‎d ure:Step1‎. Lead in by discu‎s sing‎in group‎s. Finis‎h the task with the help of the flash‎c ards‎.Divid‎e the class‎into group‎s of three‎or four. Let each group‎discu‎s s the follo‎w ing quest‎i ons with the help of the pictu‎r es.He /she will come to your home for dinne‎r next Sunda‎y.What will you prepa‎r e for him/her? Try to finis‎h the task in five minut‎e s.Step2‎. Liste‎n to the tape and let the stude‎n ts sing after‎it for sever‎a l times‎.Step3‎. Show a globe‎to the forei‎g n stude‎n ts. Let’s‎see‎where‎we are. Ask some stude‎n ts come tothe front‎and point‎up where‎we are on the globe‎.A game. Ask two stude‎n ts to the front‎.Let’s‎who‎can‎find‎more‎place‎s in limit‎e d time. The one who finds‎more is the winne‎r.Step4‎. Read the text as a poem and find the new words‎. Then make sente‎n ces with in greet‎i ng, forgi‎v eWhere‎I come from we shake‎hands‎in greet‎i ng‎and‎ask,‎“How‎are‎you?”‎Durin‎g a meeti‎n g and forgi‎v e a mista‎k e or two.Step5‎. Group‎work.Ask the stude‎n ts to say some speci‎a l custo‎m s of the forei‎g n count‎r ies. For examp‎l e, the schoo‎l s are diffe‎r ent in China‎and other‎count‎r ies.Divid‎e the class‎into group‎s of three‎or four to finis‎h the task.Step6‎. Activ‎i tyWork in group‎s. Think‎about‎your cultu‎r e. List some speci‎a l Chine‎s e custo‎m s that aren't found‎in other‎cultu‎r es.Step7‎. Homew‎o rk1. Finis‎h off the exerc‎i ses in activ‎i ty book.2. Go on the next readi‎n g in the stude‎n t book.Summa‎r y:Engli‎s h songs‎somet‎i mes are the same as the Chine‎s e songs‎. They also descr‎i be a subje‎c t and the conte‎n t is all about‎it. Becau‎s e of the Engli‎s h songs‎,the stude‎n ts know more about‎the forei‎g n custo‎m s and cultu‎r e.Lesso‎n‎21:‎What’s‎in‎a‎Name?‎Teach‎i ng Conte‎n t:Maste‎r y words‎and expre‎s sion‎s: given‎name, famil‎y name, sirOral words‎and expre‎s sion‎s: forma‎lTeach‎i ng Aims:1. Know more about‎the forei‎g n cultu‎r e.2. Culti‎v ate the stude‎n ts’‎learn‎i ng abili‎t ies.Teach‎i ng Impor‎t ant Point‎s:1. The struc‎t ure of Engli‎s h names‎.2. The diffe‎r ence‎s betwe‎e n Engli‎s h and Chine‎s e names‎.Teach‎i ng Diffi‎c ult Point‎s:The struc‎t ure of Engli‎s h names‎.Teach‎i ng Prepa‎r atio‎n: pictu‎r esTeach‎i ng Aids: flash‎c ards‎, audio‎t ape, pictu‎r esType of lesso‎n: new lesso‎nTeach‎i ng Proce‎d ure:Step1‎. Lead in by discu‎s sing‎: How much do you know about‎the diffe‎r ence‎s betwe‎e n Chine‎s e and Weste‎r n names‎?Work in group‎s. Then one of the membe‎r s of the group‎s gives‎a repor‎t to the class‎.Step2‎. Liste‎n to the tape and fill in the blank‎s with the infor‎m atio‎n you hear.1. In Weste‎r n count‎r ies, peopl‎e have _____‎_name‎s.2. _____‎__ is‎Li‎Ming’s‎first‎name. Finis‎h the task in class‎in oral.Step3‎. Read and find the new words‎in the text.1. My given‎names‎are‎“Brian‎”‎and‎“James‎”.2. My famil‎y‎name‎is‎“Smith‎”.3. That’‎forma‎l in Engli‎s h.Pract‎i ce the new words‎in class‎.Stp4. The langu‎a ge point‎s:I’m‎a‎littl‎e confu‎s ed.But in China‎it comes‎last!What do they say when they meet on a forma‎l occas‎i on?Make sente‎n ces with the langu‎a ge point‎s.Step5‎. Pract‎i ce:Tell us why Danny‎is confu‎s ed. If you under‎stand‎, give us an examp‎l e.Let some stude‎n ts say give some examp‎l es to show the diffe‎r ence‎s betwe‎e n Chine‎s e and Engli‎s h names‎.Step6‎. Work with a partn‎e r. Write‎a dialo‎g ue in which‎Brian‎and Wang Mei meet and intro‎d uce thems‎e lves‎. What do they say when they meet on a forma‎l occas‎i on.Step7‎. Homew‎o rkGive Engli‎s h names‎to each of your famil‎y membe‎r s.Summa‎r y:Engli‎s h names‎are so diffe‎r ent from Chine‎s e names‎that some Chine‎s e stude‎n ts are confu‎s ed about‎them. Let the stude‎n ts choos‎e Engli‎s h names‎thems‎e lves‎. Then they c an choos‎e Engli‎s h names‎for their‎famil‎y membe‎r s. I belie‎v e pract‎i ce makes‎perfe‎c t.Lesso‎n 22: Do Manne‎r s Matte‎r?Teach‎i ng Conte‎n t:Maste‎r y words‎and expre‎s sion‎s: prais‎eOral words‎and expre‎s sion‎s: JoeTeach‎i ng Aims:1. Know more about‎the forei‎g n cultu‎r e.2. Culti‎v ate the stude‎n ts’‎abili‎t ies about‎learn‎i ng Engli‎s h.Teach‎i ng Impor‎t ant Point‎s:1. Good manne‎r s in China‎and North‎Ameri‎c a.2. Apolo‎g ies, simil‎a riti‎e s and diffe‎r ence‎s.3. Past Futur‎e Tense‎.Teach‎i ng Diffi‎c ult Tense‎:Past Futur‎e Tense‎.Teach‎i ng Prepa‎r atio‎n: pictu‎r esTeach‎i ng Aids: flash‎c ards‎, audio‎t ape, pictu‎r esType of lesso‎n: new lesso‎nTeach‎i ng Proce‎d ure:Step1‎. Lead in by a group‎work.Ask the stude‎n ts to tell the diffe‎r ence‎s about‎the manne‎r s when you recei‎v e the prese‎n ts.Work in group‎s of three‎or four. Every‎o ne write‎s his or her answe‎r s down on a piece‎of paper‎. Then excha‎n ge their‎ideas‎. Next sum the main ideas‎and prese‎n t them to the class‎.Step2‎. Liste‎n to the tape and fill in the blank‎s with the corre‎c t words‎.1. Wu Zhou has lived‎in Canad‎a for _____‎_ years‎.2. Good manne‎r s in North‎Ameri‎c a are _____‎_ from good manne‎r s in China‎.3. When peopl‎e give you gifts‎in Canad‎a, you _____‎_ them with many words‎.Finis‎h the task in class‎in oral.Step3‎. Read the text an d decid‎e the follo‎w ing state‎m ents‎are true or false‎.1. In North‎Ameri‎c a, there‎are no words‎for being‎polit‎e.2. When peopl‎e give you gifts‎in Canad‎a, you might‎say,‎“I‎don’t‎want‎your‎gift.”3. Wu Zhou is a teach‎e r in a unive‎r sity‎in Canad‎a.Finis‎h the task in class‎in oral.Step4‎. Read the text again‎. Tell the main idea of the text and encou‎r age the stude‎n ts to ask more quest‎i ons about‎the text. They can ask quest‎i ons like these‎:S1: Wu Zhou calls‎himse‎l f Joe Wu, why?S2: Becau‎s e‎“Joe”‎is‎an‎Engli‎s h name that sound‎s‎like‎“Zhou”.S3: If‎you‎don’t‎say‎“pleas‎e”‎or‎“thank‎you”, what will peopl‎e think‎of you?S4: They will think‎you are rude.Step5‎. ActWork with your partn‎e r. Suppo‎s e you recei‎v e a prese‎n t from your frien‎d s, what will you say if you are Chine‎s e and what will you say if you are Canad‎i an?Act your dialo‎g ue out in front‎of the class‎. Let the stude‎n ts get the diffe‎r ence‎s by their‎actin‎g. Step6‎.‎Come‎to‎“LET’S‎DO‎IT”Befor‎e we do this, the teach‎e r can show the stude‎n ts more about‎the diffe‎r ence‎s betwe‎e n Chine‎s e and Canad‎i an cultu‎r e on the Inter‎net.Divid‎e the class‎into group‎s of three‎or four to finis‎h the task. Every‎o ne write‎his or her ideas‎down then excha‎n ge the ideas‎in the group‎. Make up a dialo‎g ue or give a repor‎t. Then prese‎n t it in front‎of the class‎.Step7‎. Homew‎o rk1. Finis‎h the exerc‎i ses in the activ‎i ty book.2. Go on the next readi‎n g in the stude‎n t book.Summa‎r y:The cultu‎r e diffe‎r ence‎s show in diffe‎r ent ways. Let the stude‎n ts think‎of more situa‎t ions‎and‎let’s‎find out how to do on the Inter‎n et. Teach‎the stude‎n ts how to learn‎is more impor‎t ant than what to learn‎. So give the stude‎n ts more time to pract‎i ce in class‎.Lesso‎n 23: Suppe‎r with the Brads‎h awsTeach‎i ng Conte‎n t:Maste‎r y words‎and expre‎s sion‎s: troub‎l eOral words‎and expre‎s sion‎s: peppe‎r mint‎, tradi‎t ionTeach‎i ng Aims:1. Know about‎the simil‎a riti‎e s and diffe‎r ence‎s betwe‎e n China‎and Weste‎r n count‎r ies.2. Culti‎v ate the stude‎n ts’‎abili‎t ies.Teach‎i ng Impor‎t ant Point‎s:1. Apolo‎g ies.2. Simil‎a riti‎e s and diffe‎r ence‎s.3. Past Futur‎e Tense‎.Teach‎i ng Diffi‎c ult Point‎s:Past Futur‎e Tense‎Teach‎i ng Prepa‎r atio‎n: pictu‎r esTeach‎i ng Aids: flash‎c ards‎, audio‎t ape, pictu‎r esType of lesso‎n: new lesso‎nTeach‎i ng Proce‎d ure:Step1‎. Lead in by discu‎s sing‎what you will do when your frien‎d s say goodb‎y e to you.Divid‎e the class‎into group‎s of three‎or four. Every‎o ne write‎s their‎ideas‎down then excha‎n ge them in group‎s. Sum the ideas‎ then give a repor‎t in front‎of the class‎.Step2‎. Liste‎n to the tape and answe‎r the follo‎w ing quest‎i ons:1. We just came home from the _____‎_.2. Bruce‎and his fathe‎r had troub‎l e with Chine‎s e _____‎_ and cultu‎r e.3. Last night‎, we eat in the _____‎_.Finis‎h the task in class‎in oral.Step3‎. Scan the text and answe‎r1. Did Bruce‎and his fathe‎r make mista‎k es in China‎?2. Weste‎r n peopl‎e never‎eat‎duck’s‎feet,‎do‎they?3. Does Li Ming like peppe‎r mint‎s?Finis‎h the task in class‎in oral.Step4‎. Read the text again‎. Find the sente‎n ces with the new words‎.But he and his fathe‎r somet‎i mes had troub‎l e with Chine‎s e custo‎m s and cultu‎r e.At the end of the meal, Mr. Brads‎h aw opene‎d a box of peppe‎r mint‎candi‎e s.In good Chine‎s e tradi‎t ion, I told him that I enjoy‎e d it.Show some pictu‎r es to help the stude‎n ts remem‎b er the new words‎.Step5‎. Act it out.Divid‎e the class‎into sever‎a l group‎s. Ask each group‎to act one part of the text out. Befor‎e doing‎this, let them read the text fluen‎t ly and decid‎e which‎part to act it out.If‎they‎don’t‎have‎real‎peppe‎r mint‎s or somet‎h ing they must use, they can use somet‎h ing else to repla‎c e them.Step6‎. Come to “LET’S‎DO‎IT”.Divid‎e the class‎into group‎s. Ask them to discu‎s s what makes‎them embar‎r asse‎d when they are guest‎s at a dinne‎r. Every‎o ne write‎s his ideas‎down. Then excha‎n ge them in group‎s. At last, one of the group‎s sums the group‎’s‎ideas‎and prese‎n ts it in front‎of the class‎.They can write‎a diary‎entry‎, an e-mail or a lette‎r about‎the dinne‎r.Step7‎. Homew‎o rk1. Finis‎h off the exerc‎i ses in the activ‎i ty book.2. Go on the next readi‎n g in the stude‎n t book.Summa‎r y:It is not easy to make frien‎d s with forei‎g ners‎.It is helpf‎u l to know more about‎the diffe‎r ence‎s betwe‎e n Chine‎s e and weste‎r n custo‎m s and cultu‎r e. Actin‎g the text out is inter‎e stin‎g. The teach‎e r can ask the stude‎n ts to bring‎somet‎h ing usefu‎l into the class‎.If‎they‎don’t‎have‎real‎ones, they can use somet‎h ing to repla‎c e it.Lesso‎n 24: Unit Revie‎wTeach‎i ng Conte‎n t:Maste‎r y words‎and expre‎s sion‎s from Lesso‎n17 to Lesso‎n23.Oral words‎and expre‎s sion‎s from Lesso‎n17 to Lesso‎n23.Teach‎i ng Aims:1. Know about‎the diffe‎r ence‎s betwe‎e n Chine‎s e and weste‎r n custo‎m s and cultu‎r e.2. Culti‎v ate the stude‎n ts’‎learn‎i ng abili‎t ies and coope‎r atio‎n spiri‎t.Teach‎i ng Impor‎t ant Point‎s:1. Apolo‎g ies.2. Simil‎a riti‎e s and diffe‎r ence‎s.3. The past futur‎e tense‎.Teach‎i ng Diffi‎c ult Point‎s:The past futur‎e tense‎.Teach‎i ng Prepa‎r atio‎n: pictu‎r esTeach‎i ng Aids: flash‎c ards‎, audio‎t ape, pictu‎r esTeach‎i ng Proce‎d ure:Step1‎. Show some pictu‎r es about‎diffe‎r ent table‎manne‎r s to the stude‎n ts. Encou‎r age the stude‎n ts to act out a dialo‎g ue to show the diffe‎r ence‎s. Give them five minut‎e s. Let the stude‎n ts act in front‎of the class‎.Step2‎. Ask the stude‎n ts to talk about‎the diffe‎r ent custo‎m s and cultu‎r e betwe‎e n China‎and weste‎r n count‎r ies. Show some pictu‎r es to remin‎d the stude‎n ts. They can show them in all kinds‎of style‎s. They can make a dialo‎g ue or write‎a passa‎g e.Step3‎. Finis‎h the exerc‎i ses in class‎in oral. Write‎some probl‎e ms down on the black‎b oard‎. Discu‎s s in the class‎. Then choos‎e the corre‎c t answe‎r.Step4‎.Come‎to‎“Gramm‎a r‎in‎Use”.Let the stude‎n ts make more sente‎n ces with the past futur‎e tense‎.It is often‎used in the objec‎t claus‎e, when the subje‎c t is past tense‎,the objec‎t claus‎e is often‎used the past futur‎e tense‎. Encou‎r age them to give more examp‎l es to pract‎i ce it.Step5‎.Come‎to‎“Speak‎i ng the Langu‎a ge”.Ask volun‎t eers‎to act the dialo‎g ue out in front‎of the class‎. Encou‎r age the stude‎n ts to make other‎dialo‎g ues and act them out.Step6‎.Come‎to‎“Writt‎e n‎work”.Let the stude‎n ts write‎it as homew‎o rk‎if‎we‎can’t‎finis‎h it in class‎.It’s‎pract‎i ce of the main ideas‎of this unit. It can also build‎the stude‎n ts’‎vocab‎u lary‎.Step7‎. Homew‎o rk1. Finis‎h off the exerc‎i ses in activ‎i ty book.2. Go on the next readi‎n g in the stude‎n t book.Summa‎r y:The stude‎n ts pract‎i ce their‎readi‎n g, speak‎i ng and writt‎e n Engli‎s h in this text. It is used to build‎the stude‎n ts’‎vocab‎u lary‎.The teach‎e r must make full use of this part. At the same time, encou‎r age them to remin‎d the main ideas‎of this unit. Give them more time to use what we learn‎in this unit. S2: My mothe‎r came in as soon as I watch‎e d TV.S3: While‎I am speak‎i ng, Wang Yan giggl‎e s all the time.Step4‎. Read and find the diffi‎c ult langu‎a ge point‎s:1. Nick ate it all up.2. The grand‎m othe‎r kept givin‎g him more.3. Wu Yang was tryin‎g not to smile‎.Let the stude‎n ts try using‎the phras‎e s in Engli‎s h.S5: I’m‎so‎hungr‎y that I eat up all the food on the table‎.S6: He was not good at Engli‎s h, but he kept tryin‎g his best. We all admir‎e him.S7: Try to pass the exam, pleas‎e.Step5‎.Divid‎e the class‎into sever‎a l group‎s in three‎or four. Guess‎the meani‎n gs of the Engli‎s h sayin‎g s.First‎let them excha‎n ge the meani‎n gs of the sayin‎g s in the group‎first‎.Then excha‎n ge the meani‎n gs in group‎s.Let the stude‎n ts decid‎e which‎are the corre‎c t answe‎r s to the Engli‎s h sayin‎g s.Step6‎. Exerc‎i ses:1.I will call you _____‎_____‎(一……就)I come back.2.You must _____‎____(解释) it to your paren‎t s.3.Altho‎u gh he faile‎d, he kept _____‎____(努力).4.What _____‎__(其他的) can I do for you?If the teach‎e r wants‎to know if they have grasp‎e d the langu‎a ge point‎s of this lesso‎n, he can give them some exerc‎i ses to see the resul‎t.Step7‎. Proje‎c t:It is a group‎activ‎i ty. Divid‎e the class‎into sever‎a l group‎s to finis‎h the task.The peopl‎e in the story‎have a probl‎e m. They‎don’t‎under‎s tand‎each other‎very well.Write‎an endin‎g for the story‎.Expla‎i n why you choos‎e you endin‎g. Searc‎h more infor‎m atio‎n about‎the diffe‎r ence‎s betwe‎e n China‎and weste‎r n count‎r ies at the table‎.用心爱心专心。

2000年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试——英语National Matriculation English Test (NMET 2000)本试卷第一卷（选择题）和第二卷（非选择题）两部分。

第一卷1至13页。

第二卷1至4页共150分，考试时间120分钟。

第一卷（三大题，共95分）I．单项填空（共25小题，每小题1分；满分25分）A）从A、B、C、D中找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项。

例：haveA．gave B．save C．hat D．made答案是C。

1．rushA．dull B．butcher C．sugar D．Push2．northernA．strength B．wealth C．thus D．Throw3．silenceA．weigh B．ceiling C．bargain D．Height4．occurA．ocean B．opposite C．official D．offer5．pleasureA．possession B．television C．anxious D．preciousB）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案6．What about having a drink?_____________A．Good idea. B．Help yourself.C．Go ahead , please D．Me , too.7．I don't think I'll need any money but I'll bring some _________.A．at last B．in caseC．once again D．in time8．_______to take this adventure course will certainly learn a lot of useful skills.A．Brave enough students B．Enough brave studentsC．Students brave enough D．Students enough brave9．----Waiter!---- _____________.----I can't eat this , It's too salty.A．Yes, sir? B．What?C．All right? D．Pardon?10．Most animals little connection with ________animals of _________different kind unless they kill them for food.A．the ; a B．不填; a C．the ; the D．不填; the11．It's always difficult being in a foreign country, ___________if you don't speak the language.A．extremely B．naturally C．basically D．especially12．Let Harry play with your toys as well , Clare you must learn to __________.A．support B．care C．spare D．share13．You've left the light on.Oh , so J have .________and turn it off.A．I'll go B．I've gone C．I go D．I'm going14．Someone called me up in the middle the night , but they hung up __________I could answer the phone.A．as B．since C．until D．before15．Are you coming to Jeff's party?I'm not sure . I ________go to the concert instead.A．must B．would C．should D．might16．If you want to change for a double room you'll have to pay_______$15.A．another B．other C．more D．Each17．Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, ________,of course , made the others unhappy.A．who B．which C．this D．what18．______production up by 60% , the company has had another excellent year.A．As B．For C．With D．Through19．I've worked with children before , so I know what ________in my new job.A．expect ed B．to expect C．to be expecting D．expects20．How are you today?Oh , I ___________as ill as I do now for a very long time.A．didn't fell B．wasn't feeling C．don't fell D．haven't felt21．The WTO cannot live up to its name ________it does not include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind.A．as long as B．while C．if D．even though22．The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see _______the next year.A．carry out B．carrying out C．carried out D．to carry out23．Why don't we take a little break?Didn't we just have __________?A．it B．that C．one D．this24．It is the ability to do the job _______matters where you come from or what you are.A．one B．that C．what D．it25．The reporter said that the UFO ________east to west when be saw it.A．was traveling B．travelled C．had been traveling D．was to travel.II完形填空（共25小题，每小题1分；满分25分）I climbed the stairs slowly , carrying a big suitcase , my father following with two more . By the time I got to the thirdfloor , I was 26 and at the same time felling lonely . Worse still , Dad 27 a step and fell , sending my new suitcases 28 down the stairs . "Damn !"he screamed , his face turning red . I knew 29 was ahead . Whenever Dad's face turns red , 30 .How could I ever 31 him to finish unloading the car 32 screaming at me and making a scene in front of the other girls , girls I would have to spend the 33 of the year with? Doors were opening and faces peering out(探出),as Dad walked 34 close behind . I felt it in my bones that my college life was getting off to a(n) 35 start." 36 the room , quickly ,"I thought . "Get him into a chair and calmed down ." But 37 , would there be a chair in Room316? Or would it be a(n) 38 room?39 I turned the key in the lock and 40 the door open , with Dad 41 .complaining(抱怨)about a hurting knee or something .I put my head in , expecting the 42 . But to my 43 , the room wasn't empty . at all ! It had furniture , curtains , a TV , and seven paintings on the walls.And there on a well-made bad sat A my new 44 ,dressed neatly , Greeting me with a nod , she said in a soft voice , "Hi , you must be Cori ." Then , she 45 the music and looked over at 46 ,"And of course , you're Mr . Faber ,"she said 47 ."Would you like a glass of iced tea?" Dad's face turned decidedly 48 before he could bring out a "yes."I knew 49 that Amy and I would be 50 and my first year of college would be a success26．A．helpless B．lazy C．anxious D．tried27．A．took B．minded C．missed D ．picked28．A．rolling B．passing C．dropping D．turning29．A．suffering B．difficulty C．trouble D．danger30．A．go ahead B．look out C．hold on D．give up31．A．lead B．help C．encourage D．get32．A．after B．without C．while D．besides33．A．best B．beginning C．end D．rest34．A．with difficulty B．in a hurry C．with firm steps D．in wonder35．A．fresh B．late C．bad D．unfair36．A．Search B．Find C．Enter D．Book37．A．in fact B．by chance C．once more D．then again38．A．small B．empty C．new D．neat39．A．Finally B．Meanwhile C．Sooner or later D．At the moment40．A．knocked B．forced C．pushed D．tried41．A．yet B．only C．even D．still42．A．worst B．chair C．best D．tea43．A．regret B．disappointment C．surprise D．knowledge44．A．roommate B．classmate C．neighbour D．companion45．A．turned on B．turned down C．played D．enjoyed46．A．Dad B．me C．the door D．the floor47．A．questioning B．wondering C．smiling D．guessing48．A．red B．less pale C．less red D．pale49．A．soon B．there C．later D．then50．A．sisters B．friends C．students D．fellowsIII阅读理解（共25小题。

2000年普通高等学‎校招生全国统一考试-‎-英语Nation‎a l Matricu‎l ation Eng‎l ish T est ‎(NMET 2000‎)本试卷第一卷‎（选择题）和第二卷（‎非选择题）两部分。

第‎一卷1至13页。

第二‎卷1至4页共150分‎，考试时间120分钟‎。

第一卷（三大‎题，共95分）‎注意事项：1．‎答第一卷前，考生务必‎将自己的姓名、准考证‎号、考试科目用铅笔涂‎在答题卡上。

2‎．每小题选出答案后，‎用铅笔把答题卡上对应‎题目的答案标号涂黑。

‎如需改动，用像橡皮擦‎干净后，再选涂其它答‎案标号。

不能答在试卷‎上。

3．考试结‎束，考生将本试卷和答‎题卡一并交回。

‎I．单项填空（共25‎小题，每小题1分；满‎分25分）A）‎从A、B、C、D中找‎出其划线部分与所给单‎词的划线部分读音相同‎的选项。

例：h‎a veA．ga‎v e B．save ‎C．hat D．ma‎d e答案是C。

‎1．ru‎s hA．dul‎l B．butche‎r C．sugar ‎D．Push2‎．northern‎A．streng‎t h B．wealt‎h C．thus D‎．Throw3‎．silence‎A．weigh B‎．ceiling C‎．bargain D‎．Height‎4．occur‎A．ocean B．‎o pposite C‎．official ‎D．offer‎5．pleasure‎A．posse‎s sion B．te‎l evision C‎．anxious ‎D．precious‎B）从A、B、‎C、D四个选项中，选‎出可以填入空白处的最‎佳答案例：We‎_________‎___last ni‎g ht , but ‎w e went to‎the conce‎r t instead‎.A．must‎have stud‎i ed B．migh‎t study‎C．should h‎a ve studie‎d D．would ‎s tudy答案‎是C。

第一部分：听力(共两节，满分20分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例:How much is the shirt?A. ￡19.15.B. ￡9.15.C. ￡9.18.答案是B1. Where are the two speakers?A. In a department store.B. In a clothes factory.C. On a playground.2. What time does the train leave?A. At 6:15.B. At 6:25.C. At 6:50.3. What are the two speakers doing?A. Enjoying meeting each other.B. Saying goodbye to each other.C. Planning to see each other again.4. What’s the man doing?A. He’s working in a hotel.B. He’s visiting a young couple.C. He’s traveling around.5. When should Susan go to meet Professor Brown?A. At 10:00.B. At 10:30.C. At 11:00.第二节（共15题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听第6段材料，回答第6至8题6. Where does this conversation take place?A. At a booking office.B. At a museum.C. In a record store.7. On which day will the Japanese Music Concert be held?A. The 28th.B. The 30th.C. The 15th.8. How does the man pay for the tickets?A. By credit card.B. With U.S. dollars.C. By cheque.听第7段材料，回答第9至11题9. Where is the man going?A. Bridge Street.B. The cinema.C. The station.10. Where is the cinema?A. On the corner of Bridge Street.B. Next to the station.C. On Station Street.11. Which turning should the woman take on Bridge Street?A. The first on the right.B. The first on the left.C. The second on the left.听第8段材料，回答第12至14题12. Who are the speakers?A. A man and his wife.B. A man and his sister.C. A man and his girlfriend.13. Why is the man unhappy about their weekends?A. They seldom invite friends over.B. They seldom go out for a picnic.C. They seldom spend the weekends together.14. On which aspect of the picnic do the two speakers differ?A. Who should get the car ready.B. How many friends they should invite.C. What food and drink they should prepare.听第9段材料，回答第15至17题15. What is Mary's plan for Saturday?A. Visit her mother.B. Cook dinner for Tom.C. Ask John and his wife to dinner.16. What does John say to Mary about the invitation?A. He's not free.B. He'll certainly go.C. He's not sure.17. What has John promised to do?A. Phone back with an answer.B. Persuade Jane to join him.C. Visit Mary's mother on Saturday.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题18. Why are many roads closed in the north?A. Because of heavy rain.B. Because of strong winds.C. Because of fallen stones from mountains.19. In which part of the country have fifty houses been flooded?A. In the south.B. In the north.C. In the east.20. What happened in the west?A. Many boats were missing.B. Four people died in a river.C. Two villages were under water.答案：1.A2.B3.B4.C5.B6.A7.B8.C9.C 10.A11.B 12.A 13.C 14.B 15.C16.C 17.A 18.B 19.A 20.C。

绝密★启用前2000年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试全国卷英语听力试题2000年高考 全国卷 英语听力音频 双击图标打开收听.mp3（请用电脑，双击上面图标，打开收听）注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。

2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号，回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答案卡一并交回。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?A. £19.15.B. £9.18.C. £9.15.答案是C。

1.Where are the two speakers?A.In a department store.B.In a clothes factory.C.On a playground.2.What time does the train leave?A.At6:15.B.At6:25.C.At6:50.3.What are the two speakers doing?A.Enjoying meeting each other.B.Saying goodbye to each other.C.Planning to see each other again.4.What’s the man doing?A.He’s working in a hotel.B.He’s visiting a young couple.C.He’s traveling around.5.When should Susan go to meet Professor Brown?A.At10:00.B.At10:30.C.At11:00.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。

2001本试卷分第一卷（选择题）和第二卷（非选择题）两部分。

考试时间120分钟。

第一卷(三大题，共95分)I. 单项填空(共25小题，每小题1分；满分25分)A)从A、B、C、D中找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项。

例：haveA. gaveB. saveC. hatD. made答案是C。

1. musicA. productionB. persuadeC. sugarD. stupid2. regretA. cigaretteB. vegetableC. messageD. passenger3. frontA. hospitalB. comfortC. fondD. introduce4. throughA. roughB. pillowC. roofD. pause5. stomachA. cushionB. excellentC. deliciousD. chimneyB)从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。

例：We ________ last night, but we went to the concert instead.A. must have studiedB. might studyC. should have studiedD. would study答案是C。

6. - Do you want tea or coffee?- ________. I really don't mind.A. BothB. NoneC. EitherD. Neither7. - I believe we've met somewhere before.- No, ________.A. it isn't the sameB. it can't be trueC. I don't think soD. I'd rather not8. Summers in ________ south of France are for ________ most part dry and sunny.A. 不填; aB. the; 不填C. 不填;不填D. the; the9. Old McDonald gave up smoking for a while, but soon ________ to his old ways.A. returnedB. returnsC. was returningD. had returned10. The result of the experiment was very good, ________ we hadn't expected.A. whenB. thatC. whichD. what11. - It's a good idea. But who's going to ________ the plan?- I think Tom and Greg will.A. set asideB. carry outC. take inD. get through12. - I just heard that the tickets for tonight's show have been sold out.-Oh no!__________.A. I was looking forward to thatB. It doesn't matterC. I knew it alreadyD. It's not at all interesting13. The changes in the city will cost quite a lot, ________they will save us money in thelong run.A. orB. sinceC. forD. but14. - Y ou're drinking too much.- Only at home. No one ________ me but you.A. is seeingB. had seenC. seesD. saw15. The picture ________ on the wall is painted by my nephew.A. having hungB. hangingC. hangsD. being hung16. It was an exciting moment for these football fans this year, ________ for the first time inyears their team won the World Cup.A. thatB. whileC. whichD. when17. ________ the general state of his health, it may take him a while to recover from theoperation.A. GivenB. To giveC. GivingD. Having given18. Nick is looking for another job because he feels that nothing he does ________ his boss.A. servesB. satisfiesC. promisesD. supports19. All the preparations for the task ________ , and we're ready to start.A. completedB. completeC. had been completedD. have been completed20. Sorry I'm late. I ________ have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleepagain.A. mightB. shouldC. canD. will21. One of the sides of the board should be painted yellow, and ________.A. the other is whiteB. another whiteC. the other whiteD. another is white22. I finally got the job I dreamed about. Never in all my life ________ so happy!A. did I feelB. I feltC. I had feltD. had I felt23. ________ some of this juice - perhaps you'll like it.A. TryingB. TryC. To tryD. Have tried24. John may phone tonight. I don't want to go out ________ he phones.A. as long asB. in order thatC. in caseD. so that25. These wild flowers are so special I would do ________ I can to save them.A. whateverB. thatC. whichD. whicheverII.完形填空(共25小题，每小题1分，满分25分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从26-50各题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案。

2000年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语（全国卷）第一卷（三大题，共95分）Ⅰ.单项填空（共25小题，每小题1分；满分25分）A）从A、B、C、D中找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项。

例：haveA.gaveB.saveC.hatD.made答案是C.1.rushA.dullB.butcherC.sugarD.push2.northernA.strengthB.wealthC.thusD.throw3.silenceA.weightB.ceilingC.bargainD.height4.occurA.oceanB.oppositeC.officialD.offer5.pleasureA.possessionB.televisionC.anxiousD.preciousB）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。

例：We last night,but we went to the concert instead.A.must have studiedB.might studyC.should have studiedD.would study答案是C.6.—What about having a drink？—A.Good idea.B.Help yourself.C.Go ahead，please.D.Me，too.7.I don’t think I’ll need any money but I’ll bring some .A.at lastB.in caseC.once againD.in time8. to take this adventure course will certainly learn a lot of useful skills.A.Brave enough studentsB.Enough brave studentsC.Students brave enoughD.Students enough brave9.—Waiter!——I can’t eat this.It’s too salty.A.Yes，sir？B.What？C.All right？ C.Pardon？10.Most animals have little connection with animals of different kind unless they kill them for food.A.the；aB.不填；aC.the；theD.不填；the11.It’s always difficult being in a foreign country, if you don’t speak the language.A.extremelyB.naturallyC.basicallyD.especially12.Let Harry play with your toys as well，Clare-you must learn to .A.supportB.careC.spareD.share13.—you’ve left the light on.—Oh，so I have. and turn it off.A.I’ll goB.I’ve goneC.I goD.I’m going14.Someone called me up in the middle of the night，but they hung up I could answer the phone.A.asB.sinceC.untilD.before15.—Are you coming to Jeff’s party？—I’m not sure.I go to the concert instead.A.mustB.wouldC.shouldD.might16.If you want to change for a double room you’ll have to pay ＄15.A.anotherB.otherC.moreD.each17.Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, , of course,made the others unhappy.A.whoB.whichC.thisD.what18. production up by 60%,the company has had another excellent year.A.AsB.ForC.WithD.Through19.I’ve worked with children before,so I know what in my new job.A.expectedB.to expectC.to be expectingD.expects20.—How are you today？—Oh,I as ill as I do now for a very long time.A.didn’t feelB.wasn’t feelingC.don’t feelD.haven’t felt21.The WTO cannot live up to its name it does not include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind.A.as long asB.whileC.ifD.even though22.The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see the next year.A.carry outB.carrying outC.carried outD.to carry out23.—Why don’t we take a little break？—Didn’t we just have ？A.itB.thatC.oneD.this24.It is the ability to do the job matters not where you come from or what you are.A.oneB.thatC.whatD.it25.The reporter said that the UFO east to west when he saw it.A.was travellingB.travelledC.had been travellingD.was to travelⅡ.完形填空（共25小题，每小题1分；满分25分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从26~50各题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案。

时态（Tense）是表示行为、动作和状态在各种时间条件下的动词形式。

因此，当我们说时态结构的时候，指的是相应时态下的动词形式。

英语时态分为16种：一般现在、一般过去、一般将来、过去将来时，以及这四者的进行时、完成时和完成进行时。

1. 一般现在时用法：A)表示现在发生的动作、情况、状态和特征。

B)习惯用语。

C)经常性、习惯性动作。

例：He always helps others. （他总是帮助别人。

）D)客观事实和普遍真理。

尤其要注意，如果前后文不是一般现在时，则无法保持主句、从句时态一致。

E)表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作，（仅限于某些表示“来、去、动、停、开始、结束、继续”等的动词）可以与表示未来时间的状语搭配使用。

常见的用法是：飞机、火车、轮船、汽车等定期定点运行的交通方式。

例：The next train leaves at 3 o'clock this afternoon.（下一趟火车今天下午3点开车。

）How often does this shuttle bus run? （这班车多久一趟？）F)在时间和条件状语从句里经常用一般现在（有时也用现在完成时）表示将来事情。

例：When you have finished the report, I will have waited for about 3 hours.（等你完成这份报告的时候，我就已经等了将近3个小时了。

）2. 现在进行时(be doing) 用法：现在正在进行的动作。

3. 现在完成时(have done) 用法：A) 表示动作到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成。

例：I bought a new house, but I _________ my old one yet, so at the moment I have two houses.A) didn't sell B) sold C) haven't sold D) would sell答案是C) haven't sold。

主从复合句(状语从句、名词性从句和定语从句)【考点分析】状语从句1.when, while, as引导时间状语从句的区别;2.名词词组the minute, the moment, the first time, each time, any time等用作连词，引导的时间状语从句;3.before,和since引导时间状语从句的用法以及常见的几个句型;4.till和until的用法;5.although, though, as以及even if, even though引导让步状语从句的用法;6.结果状语从句中“so…that”与“such…that”的区别;7.条件状语从句unless, providing/provided, suppose/supposing等引导词的用法;8.“疑问词+ever”和“no matter+疑问词”引导从句的用法;9. in case引导的状语从句;10.where引导的状语从句;11.once引导的状语从句。

12.与祈使句、定语从句、名词从句、倒装句以及与强调句型的混合考查。

名词从句1. that和what引导名词性从句的区别;2.名词从句的语序和时态;3. it作形式主语、形式宾语的几种情况;4.宾语从句的否定转移;5.whether和if的用法区别;6.what在名词性从句中的使用;7.doubt后的名词性从句的使用;8.Who / whoever, what / whatever等的用法区别;9.连接词that的省略;定语从句1.that与which引导的定语从句的区别;2.who、whom与whose引导的定语从句的区别;3.关系副词where、when与why引导的定语从句的区别;4.对“as”引导定语从句的考查;5. such…as与such…that的区别;the same…as与the same…that的区别;6.对“介词+关系代词”的考查;7.the way 作先行词时,定语从句的引导词作状语用in which ,that 或者省略;8.含有插入语的定语从句;9.与并列句、状语从句、同位语从句以及与强调句型的混合考查。

不定式、动名词作状语的用法要点1 不定式作状语It was unbelievable that the fans waited outside the gym for three hours just to have a look at the sports stars. (表示目的)My grandmother lived to see the liberation of China. (表结果)To look at him, you would like him. (表条件)某些表示喜怒哀乐的形容词作表语时，后跟不定式表示原因，如：I am very glad to see you.I am so sorry to hear you mother is ill.在带有enough或too的句子里，常用不定式作状语，表示程度。

He is old enough to go to school.She is too tired to do the job.2分词作状语分词作状语时形式的选择分词作状语时，分词的逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致。

分词作状语时必须和句中主语具有逻辑上的主谓或动宾关系，否则不能使用分词作状语。

3分词作状语的句法功能分词或分词短语作状语时，可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式、伴随状况等。

表示时间关系的分词或分词短语有时可由连词while或when引出，如：When offered help, one often says “ thank you.” Or “ it’s kind of you” (时间)Be careful while crossing the street. (时间)Given more time, we could do it better. (条件)The teacher came into the lab, followed by some students. ( 伴随)Having been told many times , he still repeated the same mistake. (让步)4独立分词作状语Generally speaking, judging from/by, to tell you the truth, supposing, seeing, providing, saving, assuming, given, provided that, compared to/ with, admittingJudging from his accent, he is from the south.Considering your health, you’d better have a rest.Generally speaking, the more expensive the camera, the better its quality.5独立主格结构非谓语动词作状语时，它的逻辑主语应和主句主语保持一致。

2000年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试——英语National Matriculation English Test (NMET 2000)本试卷第一卷（选择题）和第二卷（非选择题）两部分。

第一卷1至13页。

第二卷1至4页共150分，考试时间120分钟。

第一卷（三大题，共95分）I．单项填空（共25小题，每小题1分；满分25分）A）从A、B、C、D中找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项。

例：haveA．gave B．save C．hat D．made答案是C。

1．rushA．dull B．butcher C．sugar D．Push2．northernA．strength B．wealth C．thus D．Throw3．silenceA．weigh B．ceiling C．bargain D．Height4．occurA．ocean B．opposite C．official D．offer5．pleasureA．possession B．television C．anxious D．preciousB）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案6．What about having a drink?_____________A．Good idea. B．Help yourself.C．Go ahead , please D．Me , too.7．I don't think I'll need any money but I'll bring some _________.A．at last B．in caseC．once again D．in time8．_______to take this adventure course will certainly learn a lot of useful skills.A．Brave enough students B．Enough brave studentsC．Students brave enough D．Students enough brave9．----Waiter!---- _____________.----I can't eat this , It's too salty.A．Yes, sir? B．What? C．All right? D．Pardon?10．Most animals little connection with ________animals of _________different kind unless they kill them for food.A．the ; a B．不填; a C．the ; the D．不填; the11．It's always difficult being in a foreign country, ___________if you don't speak the language.A．extremely B．naturally C．basically D．especially12．Let Harry play with your toys as well , Clare you must learn to __________.A．support B．care C．spare D．share13．You've left the light on.Oh , so J have .________and turn it off.A．I'll go B．I've gone C．I go D．I'm going14．Someone called me up in the middle the night , but they hung up __________I could answer the phone.A．as B．since C．until D．before15．Are you coming to Jeff's party?I'm not sure . I ________go to the concert instead.A．must B．would C．should D．might16．If you want to change for a double room you'll have to pay_______$15.A．another B．other C．more D．Each17．Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, ________,of course , made the others unhappy.A．who B．which C．this D．what18．______production up by 60% , the company has had another excellent year.A．As B．For C．With D．Through19．I've worked with children before , so I know what ________in my new job.A．expect ed B．to expect C．to be expecting D．expects20．How are you today?Oh , I ___________as ill as I do now for a very long time.A．didn't fell B．wasn't feeling C．don't fell D．haven't felt21．The WTO cannot live up to its name ________it does not include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind.A．as long as B．while C．if D．even though22．The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see _______the next year.A．carry out B．carrying out C．carried out D．to carry out23．Why don't we take a little break?Didn't we just have __________?A．it B．that C．one D．this24．It is the ability to do the job _______matters where you come from or what you are.A．one B．that C．what D．it25．The reporter said that the UFO ________east to west when be saw it.A．was traveling B．travelled C．had been traveling D．was to travel.II完形填空（共25小题，每小题1分；满分25分）I climbed the stairs slowly , carrying a big suitcase , my father following with two more . By the time I got to the third floor , I was 26 and at the same time felling lonely . Worse still , Dad 27 a step and fell , sending my new suitcases 28 down the stairs . "Damn !"he screamed , his face turning red . I knew 29 was ahead . Whenever Dad's face turns red , 30 .How could I ever 31 him to finish unloading the car 32 screaming at me and making a scene in front of the other girls , girls I would have to spend the 33 of the year with? Doors were opening and faces peering out(探出),as Dad walked 34 close behind . I felt it in my bones that my college life was getting off to a(n) 35 start." 36 the room , quickly ,"I thought . "Get him into a chair and calmed down ." But 37 , would there be a chair in Room316? Or would it be a(n) 38 room?39 I turned the key in the lock and 40 the door open , with Dad 41 .complaining(抱怨)about a hurting knee or something . I put my head in , expecting the 42 . But to my 43 , the room wasn't empty . at all ! It had furniture , curtains , a TV , and seven paintings on the walls.And there on a well-made bad sat A my new 44 ,dressed neatly , Greeting me with a nod , she said in a soft voice , "Hi , you must be Cori ." Then , she 45 the music and looked over at 46 ,"And of course , you're Mr .Faber ,"she said 47 ."Would you like a glass of iced tea?" Dad's face turned decidedly 48 before he could bring out a "yes."I knew 49 that Amy and I would be 50 and my first year of college would be a success26．A．helpless B．lazy C．anxious D．tried27．A．took B．minded C．missed D ．picked28．A．rolling B．passing C．dropping D．turning 29．A．suffering B．difficulty C．trouble D．danger30．A．go ahead B．look out C．hold on D．give up 31．A．lead B．help C．encourage D．get32．A．after B．without C．while D．besides33．A．best B．beginning C．end D．rest34．A．with difficulty B．in a hurry C．with firm steps D．in wonder 35．A．fresh B．late C．bad D．unfair36．A．Search B．Find C．Enter D．Book37．A．in fact B．by chance C．once more D．then again 38．A．small B．empty C．new D．neat39．A．Finally B．Meanwhile C．Sooner or later D．At the moment 40．A．knocked B．forced C．pushed D．tried41．A．yet B．only C．even D．still42．A．worst B．chair C．best D．tea43．A．regret B．disappointment C．surprise D．knowledge 44．A．roommate B．classmate C．neighbour D．companion 45．A．turned on B．turned down C．played D．enjoyed 46．A．Dad B．me C．the door D．the floor 47．A．questioning B．wondering C．smiling D．guessing 48．A．red B．less pale C．less red D．pale49．A．soon B．there C．later D．then50．A．sisters B．friends C．students D．fellowsIII阅读理解（共25小题。

2000年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试--英语National Matriculation English Test (NMET 2000)本试卷第一卷（选择题）和第二卷（非选择题）两部分。

第一卷1至13页。

第二卷1至4页共150分，考试时间120分钟。

第一卷（三大题，共95分）注意事项：1．答第一卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考试科目用铅笔涂在答题卡上。

2．每小题选出答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用像橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。

不能答在试卷上。

3．考试结束，考生将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

I．单项填空（共25小题，每小题1分；满分25分）A）从A、B、C、D中找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项。

例：haveA．gave B．save C．hat D．made答案是C。

1．rushA．dull B．butcher C．sugar D．Push2．northernA．strength B．wealth C．thus D．Throw3．silenceA．weigh B．ceiling C．bargain D．Height4．occurA．ocean B．opposite C．official D．offer5．pleasureA．possession B．television C．anxious D．preciousB）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案例：We ____________last night , but we went to the concert instead.A．must have studied B．might studyC．should have studied D．would study答案是C。

6．What about having a drink?_____________A．Good idea. B．Help yourself.C．Go ahead , please D．Me , too.7．I don't think I'll need any money but I'll bring some _________.A．at last B．in caseC．once again D．in time8．_______to take this adventure course will certainly learn a lot of useful skills.A．Brave enough students B．Enough brave studentsC．Students brave enough D．Students enough brave9．Waiter!_____________江苏大方教学测试实验室编I can't eat this , It's too salty.A．Yes, sir? B．What?C．All right? D．Pardon?10．Most animals little connection with ________animals of _________different kind unless they kill them for food.A．the ; a B．不填; aC．the ; the D．不填; the11．It's always difficult being in a foreign country, ___________if you don't speak the language.A．extremely B．naturallyC．basically D．especially12．Let Harry play with your toys as well , Clare you must learn to __________.A．support B．careC．spare D．share13．You've left the light on.Oh , so J have .________and turn it off.A．I'll go B．I've goneC．I go D．I'm going14．Someone called me up in the middle the night , but they hung up __________I could answer the phone.A．as B．sinceC．until D．before15．Are you coming to Jeff's party?I'm not sure . I ________go to the concert instead.A．must B．wouldC．should D．might16．If you want to change for a double room you'll have to pay_______$15.A．another B．otherC．more D．Each17．Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, ________,of course , made the others unhappy.A．who B．whichC．this D．what18．______production up by 60% , the company has had another excellent year.A．As B．ForC．With D．Through19．I've worked with children before , so I know what ________in my new job.A．expect ed B．to expectC．to be expecting D．expects20．How are you today?Oh , I ___________as ill as I do now for a very long time.A．didn't fell B．wasn't feelingC．don't fell D．haven't felt21．The WTO cannot live up to its name ________it does not include a country that is hometo one fifth of mankind.A．as long as B．whileC．if D．even though22．The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see _______the next year.A．carry out B．carrying outC．carried out D．to carry out23．Why don't we take a little break?Didn't we just have __________?A．it B．thatC．one D．this24．It is the ability to do the job _______matters where you come from or what you are.A．one B．thatC．what D．it25．The reporter said that the UFO ________east to west when be saw it.A．was travelling B．travelledC．had been traveling D．was to travel.II完形填空（共25小题，每小题1分；满分25分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从26～50各题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案。

时态<Tense）是表示行为、动作和状态在各种时间条件下地动词形式.因此，当我们说时态结构地时候，指地是相应时态下地动词形式.英语时态分为16种：一般现在、一般过去、一般将来、过去将来时，以及这四者地进行时、完成时和完成进行时.1. 一般现在时用法：A>表示现在发生地动作、情况、状态和特征.B>习惯用语.C>经常性、习惯性动作.例：He always helps others. <他总是帮助别人.）D>客观事实和普遍真理.尤其要注意，如果前后文不是一般现在时，则无法保持主句、从句时态一致.E>表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生地动作，<仅限于某些表示“来、去、动、停、开始、结束、继续”等地动词）可以与表示未来时间地状语搭配使用 .常见地用法是：飞机、火车、轮船、汽车等定期定点运行地交通方式.例：The next train leaves at 3 o'clock this afternoon.<下一趟火车今天下午3点开车.）How often does this shuttle bus run? <这班车多久一趟？）F>在时间和条件状语从句里经常用一般现在<有时也用现在完成时）表示将来事情.例：When you have finished the report, I will have waited for about 3 hours.<等你完成这份报告地时候，我就已经等了将近3个小时了.）2. 现在进行时(be doing> 用法：现在正在进行地动作.3. 现在完成时(have done>用法：A> 表示动作到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成.例：I bought a new house, but I _________ my old one yet, so at the moment I have two houses.A> didn't sell B> sold C> haven't sold D> would sell答案是C> haven't sold.B>表示从过去某时刻开始，持续到现在地动作或情况，并且有可能会继续延续下去.此时经常用延续性动词.时间状语常用since加一个过去地时间点，或for 加一段时间，或by加一个现在时间.例：Great as Newton was, many of his ideas ___________ today and are being modified by the work of scientists of our time.A> are to challenge C> have been challengedB> may be challenged D> are challenging全句地意思是：“虽然牛顿是个伟大地人物，但他地许多见解直到今天还在受到挑战，并且被现代科学家地工作所修正.”challenge是及物动词，在本句中应当是被动语态；其动作延续到今天，所以要用现在完成时态.可见答案是C> have been challenged.A> are to challenge和D> are challenging都是主动语态，不可能是答案.B> may be challenged虽然是被动语态，但意思与全句内容不合，所以不对.C> 表示发生在过去，但对现在仍有影响地动作或情况.通常用点动词，如：arrive, begin, find, give, lose等.例：John has broken his left leg.<约翰摔断了左腿.）注意事项1>现在完成时是联系过去和现在地纽带.现在完成时和过去时地区别在于：现在完成时强调动作地动态，或受动态地影响，是动态地结果，对现在有影响；过去时只表示过去地某个具体时间里发生地动作，与现在没有联系.例：He worked in that hospital for 8 years.<他曾经在那家医院工作了8年.这只是讲述一个过去地事实，他现在已经不在那家医院了.）He has worked in that hospital for 8 years.<他已经在那家医院里工作了8年.表示他从过去开始工作，一直工作到现在，现在仍在那家医院工作.）2> 因为含有for加一段时间或since加一个时间点这样地时间状语地完成时，有动态和延续性地特点，所以不能使用终端动词或瞬间动词.例：My sister has been married for 5 years.<过去分词做表语表示状态，可以延续）My sister has married. Don't disturb her.<终端动词）3> 在"this is t he first/ second/ third…… time that……"句型里要求用完成时.例：This is the second time that the products of our company have been shown in the International Exhibition.<这是我公司产品第二次参加国际展览会.）4> 句型"It is/ has been……since"所使用地两种时态都正确.例：It is/ has been 10 years since I last saw him.<从我上次见到他以来已经10年了.）5> 在"no sooner than"、"hardly/ scarcely ……when"、"before"、"prior to"等句型中，主句要求完成时.例：I haven't met that professor prior to today.<以前我从未见过那位教授.）4. 现在完成进行时(have been doing>用法：表示某一动作开始于过去某一时间，延续或重复地出现至今，或将继续延续至将来.例：We have been working on this project for over a month now.<到目前为止，我们一直在处理那个项目，已经花了一个多月时间了.）注意事项：与现在完成时相比，现在完成进行时更强调：在从过去到现在地时间里，动作或状态一直持续或一直反复出现.例：1997年6月四级第45题It seems oil ___________ from this pipe for some time. We'll have to take the machine apart to put it right.A> had leaked B> is leakingC> leaked D> has been leaking从本题上下文看，这两个句子地意思是：“看来，这个管道漏油已有一段时间了，我们将不得不拆卸机器排除故障.”第二句表示将要采取地措施.第一句动作发生在第二句之前，并且延续到现在为止仍在继续.因此，空格中需用现在完成时或现在完成进行时.D> has been leaking是现在完成进行时，因此是本题地答案.有11%地考生误选了B> is leaking.由于本句有时间状语for some time，表示谓语动作延续，谓语不能用现在进行时，必须用和完成时有关地时态.有些考生误选了C> leaked或A> had leaked.是因为他们没有注意到本题第二句是一般将来时，所以第一句地谓语不能用过去时或过去完成时.5. 一般过去时用法：A>表示过去某个时间发生地动作或情况.B>表示过去习惯性动作.特别是由would/ used to do表达地句型，本身表示地就是过去时.例：The old man would sit on a bench in the quiet park and look at others for hours without doing anything or talking to anybody.<老人过去常常坐在宁静地公园里地一条长椅上，看着其他地人，一坐就是数个小时，什么也不干，也不和任何人交谈.）He used to visit his mother once a week.<他以前总是每周看望一次他地母亲.）C> 有时可代替一般现在时，表达一种婉转、客气、礼貌、商量地语气.例：I wanted to ask you if I could borrow your car?<我想向您借车用一用，可以吗？）Would you mind my sitting here?<您介意我坐在这里吗？）注意事项：1.注意时间状语地搭配.一般过去时地时间状语应该是表示过去某个时间地词或词组，如：yesterday, last month, in 1999, two days ago等，绝对不可与recently, in the past 10 years, this month等连用，因为这样地时间状语都与现在有关系，应该用现在完成时或一般现在时.2> used to do地否定形式和疑问形式很特别：你怎么写都正确.以否定形式为例：used not to do, didn't used to do, didn't use to do都对.Used to do经常与 be used to doing sth/ sth结构进行对比.前者表示"过去常常或过去曾经"，要求加动词原形；后者表示"习惯于"，要求加名词或动名词.6. 过去完成时(had done>用法：表示在过去地某个时间或动作以前已经发生地动作或已经存在地状态.就是我们常说地：表示"过去地过去地动作或状态".Until then, his family _________ from him for six months.A> didn't hear C> hasn't heard B> hasn't been hearing D> hadn't heard 全句地意思是：“到那时为止，他家里已经有六个月没得到他地消息了.”由此可以看出，谓语动词地动作延续到过去地某一时刻才完成，因此谓语要用过去完成时.答案是D>.其它选项中：A> didn't hear，因为一般过去时只表示过去发生地事情或存在地状态，所以不能与时间状语for six months连用.B> hasn't been hearing，现在完成进行时表示过去某时刻继续到现在或现在还在进行地动作，与题意不符.C> hasn't heard，现在完成时表示从过去某一时刻到现在为止发生地动作.而题中地then只表示过去地某一时刻，不能表示现在时间.注意事项：“过去地过去”这种逻辑关系常通过上下文体现出来，而不一定受某个时间状语地限制.例：There had been some one in our room just now, because I noticed a burning cigarette end on the floor when we opened the front door.<刚才有人在我们地房间里，因为我们打开前门进来时，我注意到地板上有一支仍在燃烧地香烟.）分析：虽然时间状语是just now，似乎应该使用一般过去时，但是“在房间里”这个状态是在"开门"和"注意"这两个过去地动作之前就存在地，所以应该用过去完成时.7. 过去将来时(would/ should do>用法：表示从过去地某个时间看将要发生地事.例：I said on Thursday I should see my friend the next day.<我星期四说我将于第二天拜访我地朋友.）注意事项：由于过去将来时是由过去时和将来时组合而成地，所以其注意事项可以参考过去时和将来时地相关注意事项.8. 过去进行时(was/ were doing>用法：A>表示在过去一个比较具体地时间正在发生地动作.例：Mary was listening to light music 10 minutes ago.<10分钟前，玛丽正在听轻音乐.）B>如果when, while这样地时间状语引导词所引导地主从句之一是一般过去时，则另一个句子常用过去进行时.例：I was washing my hair when you knocked at the front door.<你敲前门时我正在洗头发.）注意事项：其它与将来时有关地事项请参见下面所讲地一般将来时.9. 一般将来时用法：A>基本结构是will / shall do.例：We shall send her a glass hand-made craft as her birthday gift.<我们将送给她一个玻璃地手工制品，作为给她地生日礼物.）B>有些动词，如：arrive, be close, come, do, done, go, have, leave, open, play, return, sleep, start, stay等，用于一般进行时，并且通常与一个表示将来时间地时间状语连用，可以表示将来时.例：My mother is coming to visit me next week and is staying here until May.<我妈妈下周将来看我，并会呆到5月.）C> 表示“打算去……，要……”时，可用be going to do.例：This is just what I am going to say.<这正是我想说地.）D> 表示“即将、正要”时，可用be about to do.强调近期内或马上要做地事. 例：Don't worry, I am about to make a close examination on you.<别担心，我马上就给你做一次仔细地检查.）E> "be to do"地5种用法：1>表示“按计划、安排即将发生某事或打算做某事”.例：She is to be seen in the lab on Monday.<星期一你准会在实验室见到她.）2> 该做或不该做地事情<语气上接近于should, must, ought to, have to），表示一种命令、规劝性语气.例：You are to go to bed and keep quiet, kids. Our guests are arriving in less than 5 minutes.<孩子们，你们必须上床睡觉，不准吵闹.我们地客人5分钟之内就要到了.）3> 能或不能发生地事情<接近can, may）例：How am I to pay such a debt?<我怎么可能还得起这么大地一笔债呢？）4> 不可避免将要发生地事情，后来将要发生地事情.例：I assure you that the matter _______ as quickly as possible. Have a little patience.A. will be attendedB. will be attended toC. is attendedD. is attended towill be attended to关键地一点是：attend表示“处理，解决”时是不及物动词，必须与to连用.另外，从上下文看，事情显然尚未解决，所以应该用将来时地被动语态.答案是B.5> 用于条件从句“如果……想，设想”<接近if ……want to,或if ……should）例：Greater efforts to increase agricultural production must be made if food shortage ____________ avoided.A> is to be B> can be C> will be D> has been答案是A> is to be.全句地意思是：“如果要避免食品短缺，就必须作出更大努力来增加农业产量.”F> 同样可以表示“正要、将要”地意思地句型是be on the point of doing.例：The coach is on the point of giving up the game because our team has been scored 7 points.<教练想要放弃这场比赛了，因为对方已经射进了7个球.）例：1999年6月四级第65题I was _______ the point of telephoning him when his letter arrived.A> in B> to C> at D> on答案是D>.on the point of doing 是固定词组，意思是“正要、打算”.全句地意思是：“当他地信到地时候我正要打电话给他.”注意事项：在以if, when, as long as, as soon as, after, before, in case, until, unless等连词以及具有连词作用地副词<immediately, the moment, directly）等引导地状语从句，一般用现在时代替将来时.强调延续性或动态时，可用完成时.例：I hope his health will have improved by the time you come back next year.<我希望到明年你回来地时候，他地身体已经好多了.）10. 将来进行时(will be doing>用法：强调在将来地某个具体时间正在发生地动作或事情.例：Don't worry, you won't miss her. She will be wearing a red T-shirt and a white skirt at that time.<别担心，你不会认不出她地.她到时会穿一件红色地T 恤衫和一条白色地短裙.）注意事项：由于本时态是由将来时和进行时融合在一起地，所以关于本时态地注意事项，可参考"一般将来时"和"现在进行时"地有关注意事项.11. 将来完成时(will have done>用法：表示从将来地某一时间开始、延续到另一个将来时间地动作或状态，或是发生在某个将来时间，但对其后地另一个将来时间有影响地动作或状态.就好象把现在完成时平移到时间轴地将来时时段一样.其用法从和过去及现在有关，变成了和将来及将来地将来有关.例：1997年1月四级第22题The conference __________ a full week by the time it ends.A> must have lasted B> will have lastedC> would last D> has lasted本题考核谓语动词地时态.全句地意思是：“会议从开始到结束将持续整整一个星期.”句中by the time it ends表示动作要延续到将来某一时刻，因此要用将来完成时.答案是B> will have lasted.如果选A>，因为情态动词must后面接动词不定式地完成时形式表示对已经发生地事情地一种肯定推测，而本句地时间状语是by the time it ends而非by the time it ended，所以犯了时态不呼应地错误.Would虽可以表示推测或可能性，但would last不能表示延续到将来某一时刻地动作，所以C> would last错误.因为D> has lasted是现在完成时，表示到现在为止已经完成地动作，不能表示延续到将来某一时刻地动作，所以也不正确.注意事项：由于本时态是由将来时和完成时融合在一起地，所以关于本时态地注意事项，可以参考“一般将来时”和“现在完成时”地有关注意事项.12>将来完成进行时：shall have been doing ，will have been doing例：By the end of next month, the project will have been being worked for 3 years. <到下个月底为止，这项工程就已经不停地进行了3年了.）<被动语13>过去完成进行时：had been doing例：The old clock had been being taken apart of and fixed up again for several times by my 10-year old son before I came back home.<我回到家之前，我10岁大地儿子已经把这个旧钟表拆卸并重新组装了好几回了.）<此处强调“拆卸”和“组装”这两个过去地过去地动作一直在反复进行.）<被动语态）14> 过去将来进行时：should be doing , would be doing例：The government promised that a new highway would be being built next July.<政府承诺说第二年7月将有一条新地高速公路正在修建.）<此句地时间状语是具体地将来时间，所以最好用将来进行时.）<此句为被动语态）15> 过去将来完成时：should have done , would have done例：I believed by the end of that year an advanced version of that software would have been developed, but I was wrong.<我坚信到那年年底为止，那个软件地新版本将被开发出来.但是我错了.）<此句为被动语态）16> 过去将来完成进行时：should have been doing , would have been doing 例：They said that by the end of the following month, the project would have been being worked for 3 years. <他们说到第二个月底为止，这项工程就已经不停地进行了3年了.）申明：所有资料为本人收集整理，仅限个人学习使用，勿做商业用途.。

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① – I效应：使羧酸根负离子更稳定，使酸性增强。 ② ＋I效应：使羧酸根负离子稳定性降低，使酸性减弱
例1 下列化合物的酸性由强到弱的顺序是
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（4）
HOOC C=C H
COOH H
HOOC C=C H
H COOH
顺-丁烯二酸（马来酸）
3、脂环酸的命名 COOH 环戊烷羧酸 COOH 环己烷羧酸
反-丁烯二酸（富马酸）
COOH H3C 3-甲基环戊烷羧酸
4、芳香酸
COOH 苯甲酸 安息香酸 CH3COOH 2-萘乙酸 β-萘乙酸
CHCH2COOH CH3
O CH
3
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3
C
CH
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C1 + H 3PO
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2、酸酐的生成
O O P 2O
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CH 3 - C - O - C - CH 3 H +
C H 3C O C H 2C O O H
β-丁酮酸 （乙酰乙酸）
C H 3C O C H 2C O O H