SAS中的函数

ＳＡＳ语言概述ＳＡＳ提供了一种完善的编程语言。

类似于计算机的高级语言，ＳＡＳ用户只需要熟悉其命令、语句及简单的语法规则就可以做数据管理和分析处理工作。

因此，掌握ＳＡＳ编程技术是学习ＳＡＳ的关键环节。

在ＳＡＳ中，把大部分常用的复杂数据计算的算法作为标准过程调用，用户仅需要指出过程名及其必要的参数。

这一特点使得ＳＡＳ编程十分简单。

一、ＳＡＳ程序ＳＡＳ程序是ＳＡＳ语句的有序集合。

ＳＡＳ程序可分为两部分:1.数据步（ＤＡＴＡＳｔｅｐ）2.过程步（ＰＲＯＣＳｔｅｐ）在一份ＳＡＳ程序中，通常有一个数据步和一个过程步.有时可能有多个数据步和多个过程步。

数据步是为过程步准备数据的且将准备好的数据放在数据集中,过程步是把指定数据集中的数据计算处理并输出结果。

二、ＳＡＳ语句ＳＡＳ语句是以ＳＡＳ关键词开头、后跟ＳＡＳ名、特殊字符或操作符组成，并且以分号结尾。

一个ＳＡＳ语句规定了一种操作或为系统提供某些信息。

１．ＳＡＳ关键字关键字是系统已赋于确定意义的一个单词。

在ＳＡＳ语言里，除了赋值、求和、注释等语句外，多数语句是以其关键字作为开头的。

如ＤＡＴＡ、ＦＯＲＭＡ，ＰＲＯＣ、ＩＮＦＩＬＥ等都是相应语句的关键字。

２．ＳＡＳ名在ＳＡＳ语句中，可能出现的ＳＡＳ名有变量名，数据集名，输出格式名，过程名，选择项名，数组名和语句标号名。

还有ＳＡＳ对文件的一种特殊称呼叫逻辑库名和文件逻辑名。

ＳＡＳ名是字母或下划线开头后跟宇母或数宇或下划线的字符串，字符个数不多于八个。

空格和特殊宇符（如＄，＠，＃等）不许在ＳＡＳ名中出现。

另外，ＳＡＳ保留了一些特殊的变量名并赋于特定的意义，这些变量都是以下划线开头和结尾，如Ｎ＿表示数据步已执行过的次数。

三、语句描述记号（１）关键字用英文书写，在写程序时，这些词必须严格以给出的拼写形式书写。

（２）［ ］内的项是可选项。

（３）…表示有多个项目四、ＳＡＳ数据集“ＳＡＳ数据集（ＤａｔａＳｅｔ）”是ＳＡＳ中一种特定的数据文件。

sas mean函数SAS是一个广泛使用的商业统计软件，其中的MEAN函数是计算基于数据的算术平均值。

这个函数非常有用，因为平均值是统计学中的重要指标之一，并且可以通过它来了解数据的分布情况。

下面我们将从SAS的定义、使用和注意事项三个方面来探讨SAS MEAN函数。

SAS MEAN函数的定义：在SAS中，使用PROC MEANS语句可以调用MEAN函数来计算算术平均值，该函数的语法结构如下：PROC MEANS DATA = datasetname MEAN/STD/...;VAR variable1 – variablen;RUN;其中，DATA表示要处理的数据集，MEAN则表示要计算算术平均值，其他可选参数包括标准差(STD)、方差(VAR)、极差(RANGE)等。

VAR 表示需要计算的变量，可以输入多个变量名称。

SAS MEAN函数的使用：要使用SAS MEAN函数，需要两个基本的步骤：1. 输入数据集：将需要计算平均值的变量输入到一个数据集中，该数据集可以是用户自己输入或者导入。

2. 执行PROC MEANS语句：使用PROC MEANS语句并选择MEAN 参数，输入需要计算平均值的变量。

除了MEAN参数，使用PROC MEANS语句还有许多其他参数和选项，例如：• VAR参数：选择需要计算平均值的变量。

• CLASS参数：将需要分类的变量输入到统计分析中，以便进行逐组统计。

• MIN、MAX参数：计算变量的最小值和最大值。

• STD参数：计算方差和标准差。

SAS MEAN函数的注意事项：当使用SAS MEAN函数时，需要注意以下几个方面：1. 对于有缺失值的数据，MEAN函数会自动忽略缺失值并计算不包含缺失值的算术平均值。

2. 对于具有分类变量的数据，可以使用CLASS参数对变量进行分组。

3. 使用PROC MEANS语句时，输出的结果将包括数据的基本统计信息，例如计数、最小值、最大值、标准差等。

Functions and CALL Routines by CategoryCategories and Descriptions of Functions Category Function DescriptionArray DIM Returns the number of elements in an arrayHBOUND Returns the upper bound of an arrayLBOUND Returns the lower bound of an arrayBitwise Logical Operations BAND Returns the bitwise logical AND of two argumentsBLSHIFT Returns the bitwise logical left shift of two argumentsBNOT Returns the bitwise logical NOT of an argumentBOR Returns the bitwise logical OR of two argumentsBRSHIFT Returns the bitwise logical right shift of two argumentsBXOR Returns the bitwise logical EXCLUSIVE OR of two argumentsCharacter String Matching CALL RXCHANGE Changes one or more substrings that match a patternCALL RXFREE Frees memory allocated by other regular expression_r(RX) functions and CALL routinesCALL RXSUBSTR Finds the position, length, and score of a substring that matches a patternRXMA TCH Finds the beginning of a substring that matches a pattern and returns a valueRXPARSE Parses a pattern and returns a valueCharacter BYTE Returns one character in the ASCII or the EBCDIC collating sequenceCOLLATE Returns an ASCII or EBCDIC collating sequence character stringCOMPBL Removes multiple blanks from a character stringCOMPRESS Removes specific characters from a character stringDEQUOTE Removes quotation marks from a character valueINDEX Searches a character expression for a string of charactersINDEXC Searches a character expression for specific charactersINDEXW Searches a character expression for a specified string as a wordLEFT Left aligns a SAS character expressionLENGTH Returns the length of an argumentLOWCASE Converts all letters in an argument to lowercaseMISSING Returns a numeric result that indicates whether the argument contains a missing valueQUOTE Adds double quotation marks to a character valueRANK Returns the position of a character in the ASCII or EBCDIC collating sequenceREPEAT Repeats a character expressionREVERSE Reverses a character expressionRIGHT Right aligns a character expressionSCAN Selects a given word from a character expressionSOUNDEX Encodes a string to facilitate searchingSPEDIS Determines the likelihood of two words matching, expressed as the asymmetric spelling distance between the two wordsSUBSTR (left of =) Replaces character value contentsSUBSTR (right of =) Extracts a substring from an argumentTRANSLATE Replaces specific characters in a character expressionTRANWRD Replaces or removes all occurrences of a word in a character stringTRIM Removes trailing blanks from character expressions and returns one blank if the expression is missingTRIMN Removes trailing blanks from character expressions and returns a null string (zero blanks) if the expression is missingUPCASE Converts all letters in an argument to uppercaseVERIFY Returns the position of the first character that is unique to an expressionDBCS KCOMPARE Returns the result of a comparison of character stringsKCOMPRESS Removes specific characters from a character stringKCOUNT Returns the number of double-byte characters in a stringKINDEX Searches a character expression for a string of charactersKINDEXC Searches a character expression for specific charactersKLEFT Left aligns a SAS character expression by removing unnecessary leading DBCS blanks and SO/SIKLENGTH Returns the length of an argumentKLOWCASE Converts all letters in an argument to lowercaseKREVERSE Reverses a character expressionKRIGHT Right aligns a character expression by trimming trailing DBCS blanks and SO/SIKSCAN Selects a given word from a character expressionKSTRCA T Concatenates two or more character stringsKSUBSTR Extracts a substring from an argumentKSUBSTRB Extracts a substring from an argument based on byte positionKTRANSLATE Replaces specific characters in a character expressionKTRIM Removes trailing DBCS blanks and SO/SI from character expressionsKTRUNCATE Truncates a numeric value to a specified lengthKUPCASE Converts all single-byte letters in an argument to uppercaseKUPDATE Inserts, deletes, and replaces character value contentsKUPDATEB Inserts, deletes, and replaces character value contents based on byte unitKVERIFY Returns the position of the first character that is unique to an expressionDate and Time DATDIF Returns the number of days between two datesDA TE Returns the current date as a SAS date valueDA TEJUL Converts a Julian date to a SAS date valueDA TEPART Extracts the date from a SAS datetime valueDA TETIME Returns the current date and time of day as a SAS datetime valueDAY Returns the day of the month from a SAS date valueDHMS Returns a SAS datetime value from date, hour, minute, and secondHMS Returns a SAS time value from hour, minute, and second valuesHOUR Returns the hour from a SAS time or datetime valueINTCK Returns the integer number of time intervals in a given time spanINTNX Advances a date, time, or datetime value by a given interval, and returns a date, time, or datetime valueJULDATE Returns the Julian date from a SAS date valueJULDATE7 Returns a seven-digit Julian date from a SAS date valueMDY Returns a SAS date value from month, day, and year valuesMINUTE Returns the minute from a SAS time or datetime valueMONTH Returns the month from a SAS date valueQTR Returns the quarter of the year from a SAS date valueSECOND Returns the second from a SAS time or datetime valueTIME Returns the current time of dayTIMEPART Extracts a time value from a SAS datetime valueTODAY Returns the current date as a SAS date valueWEEKDAY Returns the day of the week from a SAS date valueYEAR Returns the year from a SAS date valueYRDIF Returns the difference in years between two datesYYQ Returns a SAS date value from the year and quarterDescriptive Statistics CSS Returns the corrected sum of squaresCV Returns the coefficient of variationKURTOSIS Returns the kurtosisMAX Returns the largest valueMEAN Returns the arithmetic mean (average)MIN Returns the smallest valueMISSING Returns a numeric result that indicates whether the argument contains a missing valueN Returns the number of nonmissing valuesNMISS Returns the number of missing valuesORDINAL Returns any specified order statisticRANGE Returns the range of valuesSKEWNESS Returns the skewnessSTD Returns the standard deviationSTDERR Returns the standard error of the meanSUM Returns the sum of the nonmissing argumentsUSS Returns the uncorrected sum of squaresV AR Returns the varianceExternal Files DCLOSE Closes a directory that was opened by the DOPEN function and returns a valueDINFO Returns information about a directoryDNUM Returns the number of members in a directoryDOPEN Opens a directory and returns a directory identifier valueDOPTNAME Returns directory attribute informationDOPTNUM Returns the number of information items that are available for a directoryDREAD Returns the name of a directory memberDROPNOTE Deletes a note marker from a SAS data set or an external file and returns a value FAPPEND Appends the current record to the end of an external file and returns a value FCLOSE Closes an external file, directory, or directory member, and returns a valueFCOL Returns the current column position in the File Data Buffer (FDB)FDELETE Deletes an external file or an empty directoryFEXIST Verifies the existence of an external file associated with a fileref and returns a value FGET Copies data from the File Data Buffer (FDB) into a variable and returns a value FILEEXIST Verifies the existence of an external file by its physical name and returns a valueFILENAME Assigns or deassigns a fileref for an external file, directory, or output device and returns a valueFILEREF Verifies that a fileref has been assigned for the current SAS session and returns a value FINFO Returns the value of a file information itemFNOTE Identifies the last record that was read and returns a value that FPOINT can useFOPEN Opens an external file and returns a file identifier valueFOPTNAME Returns the name of an item of information about a fileFOPTNUM Returns the number of information items that are available for an external file FPOINT Positions the read pointer on the next record to be read and returns a valueFPOS Sets the position of the column pointer in the File Data Buffer (FDB) and returns a valueFPUT Moves data to the File Data Buffer (FDB) of an external file, starting at the FDB's current column position, and returns a valueFREAD Reads a record from an external file into the File Data Buffer (FDB) and returns a valueFREWIND Positions the file pointer to the start of the file and returns a valueFRLEN Returns the size of the last record read, or, if the file is opened for output, returns the current record sizeFSEP Sets the token delimiters for the FGET function and returns a valueFWRITE Writes a record to an external file and returns a valueMOPEN Opens a file by directory id and member name, and returns the file identifier or a 0PATHNAME Returns the physical name of a SAS data library or of an external file, or returns a blankSYSMSG Returns the text of error messages or warning messages from the last data set or external file function executionSYSRC Returns a system error numberExternal Routines CALL MODULE Calls the external routine without any return codeCALL MODULEI Calls the external routine without any return code (in IML environment only)MODULEC Calls an external routine and returns a character valueMODULEIC Calls an external routine and returns a character value (in IML environment only)MODULEIN Calls an external routine and returns a numeric value (in IML environment only)MODULEN Calls an external routine and returns a numeric valueFinancial COMPOUND Returns compound interest parametersCONVX Returns the convexity for an enumerated cashflowCONVXP Returns the convexity for a periodic cashflow stream, such as a bondDACCDB Returns the accumulated declining balance depreciationDACCDBSL Returns the accumulated declining balance with conversion to a straight-line depreciationDACCSL Returns the accumulated straight-line depreciationDACCSYD Returns the accumulated sum-of-years-digits depreciationDACCTAB Returns the accumulated depreciation from specified tablesDEPDB Returns the declining balance depreciationDEPDBSL Returns the declining balance with conversion to a straight-line depreciationDEPSL Returns the straight-line depreciationDEPSYD Returns the sum-of-years-digits depreciationDEPTAB Returns the depreciation from specified tablesDUR Returns the modified duration for an enumerated cashflowDURP Returns the modified duration for a periodic cashflow stream, such as a bondINTRR Returns the internal rate of return as a fractionIRR Returns the internal rate of return as a percentageMORT Returns amortization parametersNETPV Returns the net present value as a fractionNPV Returns the net present value with the rate expressed as a percentagePVP Returns the present value for a periodic cashflow stream, such as a bondSA VING Returns the future value of a periodic savingYIELDP Returns the yield-to-maturity for a periodic cashflow stream, such as a bond Hyperbolic COSH Returns the hyperbolic cosineSINH Returns the hyperbolic sineTANH Returns the hyperbolic tangentMacro CALL EXECUTE Resolves an argument and issues the resolved value for executionCALL SYMPUT Assigns DATA step information to a macro variableRESOLVE Returns the resolved value of an argument after it has been processed by the macrofacilitySYMGET Returns the value of a macro variable during DATA step executionMathematical ABS Returns the absolute valueAIRY Returns the value of the airy functionCNONCT Returns the noncentrality parameter from a chi-squared distributionCOMB Computes the number of combinations of n elements taken r at a time and returns a value CONSTANT Computes some machine and mathematical constants and returns a valueDAIRY Returns the derivative of the airy functionDEVIANCE Computes the deviance and returns a valueDIGAMMA Returns the value of the DIGAMMA functionERF Returns the value of the (normal) error functionERFC Returns the value of the complementary (normal) error functionEXP Returns the value of the exponential functionFACT Computes a factorial and returns a valueFNONCT Returns the value of the noncentrality parameter of an F distributionGAMMA Returns the value of the Gamma functionIBESSEL Returns the value of the modified bessel functionJBESSEL Returns the value of the bessel functionLGAMMA Returns the natural logarithm of the Gamma functionLOG Returns the natural (base e) logarithmLOG10 Returns the logarithm to the base 10LOG2 Returns the logarithm to the base 2MOD Returns the remainder valuePERM Computes the number of permutations of n items taken r at a time and returns a valueSIGN Returns the sign of a valueSQRT Returns the square root of a valueTNONCT Returns the value of the noncentrality parameter from the student's t distributionTRIGAMMA Returns the value of the TRIGAMMA functionProbability CDF Computes cumulative distribution functionsLOGPDF Computes the logarithm of a probability (mass) functionLOGSDF Computes the logarithm of a survival functionPDF Computes probability density (mass) functionsPOISSON Returns the probability from a Poisson distributionPROBBETA Returns the probability from a beta distributionPROBBNML Returns the probability from a binomial distributionPROBBNRM Computes a probability from the bivariate normal distribution and returns a value PROBCHI Returns the probability from a chi-squared distributionPROBF Returns the probability from an F distributionPROBGAM Returns the probability from a gamma distributionPROBHYPR Returns the probability from a hypergeometric distributionPROBMC Computes a probability or a quantile from various distributions for multiple comparisons of means, and returns a valuePROBNEGB Returns the probability from a negative binomial distributionPROBNORM Returns the probability from the standard normal distributionPROBT Returns the probability from a t distributionSDF Computes a survival functionQuantile BETAINV Returns a quantile from the beta distributionCINV Returns a quantile from the chi-squared distributionFINV Returns a quantile from the F distributionGAMINV Returns a quantile from the gamma distributionPROBIT Returns a quantile from the standard normal distributionTINV Returns a quantile from the t distributionRandom Number CALL RANBIN Returns a random variate from a binomial distribution CALL RANCAU Returns a random variate from a Cauchy distributionCALL RANEXP Returns a random variate from an exponential distributionCALL RANGAM Returns a random variate from a gamma distributionCALL RANNOR Returns a random variate from a normal distributionCALL RANPOI Returns a random variate from a Poisson distributionCALL RANTBL Returns a random variate from a tabled probability distributionCALL RANTRI Returns a random variate from a triangular distributionCALL RANUNI Returns a random variate from a uniform distributionNORMAL Returns a random variate from a normal distributionRANBIN Returns a random variate from a binomial distributionRANCAU Returns a random variate from a Cauchy distributionRANEXP Returns a random variate from an exponential distributionRANGAM Returns a random variate from a gamma distributionRANNOR Returns a random variate from a normal distributionRANPOI Returns a random variate from a Poisson distributionRANTBL Returns a random variate from a tabled probabilityRANTRI Random variate from a triangular distributionRANUNI Returns a random variate from a uniform distributionUNIFORM Random variate from a uniform distributionSAS File I/O ATTRC Returns the value of a character attribute for a SAS data setATTRN Returns the value of a numeric attribute for the specified SAS data setCEXIST Verifies the existence of a SAS catalog or SAS catalog entry and returns a valueCLOSE Closes a SAS data set and returns a valueCUROBS Returns the observation number of the current observationDROPNOTE Deletes a note marker from a SAS data set or an external file and returns a valueDSNAME Returns the SAS data set name that is associated with a data set identifierEXIST Verifies the existence of a SAS data library memberFETCH Reads the next nondeleted observation from a SAS data set into the Data Set Data Vector (DDV) and returns a valueFETCHOBS Reads a specified observation from a SAS data set into the Data Set Data Vector (DDV) and returns a valueGETV ARC Returns the value of a SAS data set character variableGETV ARN Returns the value of a SAS data set numeric variableIORCMSG Returns a formatted error message for _IORC_LIBNAME Assigns or deassigns a libref for a SAS data library and returns a valueLIBREF Verifies that a libref has been assigned and returns a valueNOTE Returns an observation ID for the current observation of a SAS data setOPEN Opens a SAS data set and returns a valuePATHNAME Returns the physical name of a SAS data library or of an external file, or returns a blankPOINT Locates an observation identified by the NOTE function and returns a valueREWIND Positions the data set pointer at the beginning of a SAS data set and returns a valueSYSMSG Returns the text of error messages or warning messages from the last data set or external file function executionSYSRC Returns a system error numberV ARFMT Returns the format assigned to a SAS data set variableV ARINFMT Returns the informat assigned to a SAS data set variableV ARLABEL Returns the label assigned to a SAS data set variableV ARLEN Returns the length of a SAS data set variableV ARNAME Returns the name of a SAS data set variableV ARNUM Returns the number of a variable's position in a SAS data setV ARTYPE Returns the data type of a SAS data set variableSpecial ADDR Returns the memory address of a variableCALL POKE Writes a value directly into memoryCALL SYSTEM Submits an operating environment command for executionDIF Returns differences between the argument and its nth lagGETOPTION Returns the value of a SAS system or graphics optionINPUT Returns the value produced when a SAS expression that uses a specified informat expression is readINPUTC Enables you to specify a character informat at run timeINPUTN Enables you to specify a numeric informat at run timeLAG Returns values from a queuePEEK Stores the contents of a memory address into a numeric variablePEEKC Stores the contents of a memory address into a character variablePOKE Writes a value directly into memoryPUT Returns a value using a specified formatPUTC Enables you to specify a character format at run timePUTN Enables you to specify a numeric format at run timeSYSGET Returns the value of the specified operating environment variableSYSPARM Returns the system parameter stringSYSPROD Determines if a product is licensedSYSTEM Issues an operating environment command during a SAS session State and ZIP Code FIPNAME Converts FIPS codes to uppercase state namesFIPNAMEL Converts FIPS codes to mixed case state namesFIPSTATE Converts FIPS codes to two-character postal codesSTFIPS Converts state postal codes to FIPS state codesSTNAME Converts state postal codes to uppercase state namesSTNAMEL Converts state postal codes to mixed case state namesZIPFIPS Converts ZIP codes to FIPS state codesZIPNAME Converts ZIP codes to uppercase state namesZIPNAMEL Converts ZIP codes to mixed case state namesZIPSTA TE Converts ZIP codes to state postal codesTrigonometric ARCOS Returns the arccosineARSIN Returns the arcsineATAN Returns the arctangentCOS Returns the cosineSIN Returns the sineTAN Returns the tangentTruncation CEIL Returns the smallest integer that is greater than or equal to the argumentFLOOR Returns the largest integer that is less than or equal to the argumentFUZZ Returns the nearest integer if the argument is within 1E-12INT Returns the integer valueROUND Rounds to the nearest round-off unitTRUNC Truncates a numeric value to a specified lengthVariable Control CALL LABEL Assigns a variable label to a specified character variableCALL SET Links SAS data set variables to DATA step or macro variables that have the same name and data typeCALL VNAME Assigns a variable name as the value of a specified variableVariable Information V ARRAY Returns a value that indicates whether the specified name is an arrayV ARRAYX Returns a value that indicates whether the value of the specified argument is an arrayVFORMAT Returns the format that is associated with the specified variableVFORMA TD Returns the format decimal value that is associated with the specified variableVFORMA TDX Returns the format decimal value that is associated with the value of the specified argumentVFORMA TN Returns the format name that is associated with the specified variableVFORMA TNX Returns the format name that is associated with the value of the specified argumentVFORMA TW Returns the format width that is associated with the specified variableVFORMA TWX Returns the format width that is associated with the value of the specified argumentVFORMA TX Returns the format that is associated with the value of the specified argumentVINARRAY Returns a value that indicates whether the specified variable is a member of an arrayVINARRAYX Returns a value that indicates whether the value of the specified argument is a member of an arrayVINFORMAT Returns the informat that is associated with the specified variable VINFORMATD Returns the informat decimal value that is associated with the specified variableVINFORMATDX Returns the informat decimal value that is associated with the value of the specified argumentVINFORMATN Returns the informat name that is associated with the specified variableVINFORMATNX Returns the informat name that is associated with the value of the specified argumentVINFORMATW Returns the informat width that is associated with the specified variableVINFORMATWX Returns the informat width that is associated with the value of the specified argumentVINFORMATX Returns the informat that is associated with the value of the specified argument VLABEL Returns the label that is associated with the specified variableVLABELX Returns the variable label for the value of a specified argumentVLENGTH Returns the compile-time (allocated) size of the specified variableVLENGTHX Returns the compile-time (allocated) size for the value of the specified argument VNAME Returns the name of the specified variableVNAMEX Validates the value of the specified argument as a variable nameVTYPE Returns the type (character or numeric) of the specified variableVTYPEX Returns the type (character or numeric) for the value of the specified argumentWeb Tools HTMLDECODE Decodes a string containing HTML numeric character references or HTML character entity references and returns the decoded stringHTMLENCODE Encodes characters using HTML character entity references and returns the encoded stringURLDECODE Returns a string that was decoded using the URL escape syntax URLENCODE Returns a string that was encoded using the URL escape syntax。

sas exist函数
SAS（Statistical Analysis System）是一种统计分析系统，
它提供了丰富的数据处理、分析和报告功能。

在SAS中，EXIST函
数用于检查指定的文件或目录是否存在。

它的语法是：
EXIST(file-spec)。

其中，file-spec是要检查的文件或目录的路径和名称。

如果
文件或目录存在，则EXIST函数返回1；如果不存在，则返回0。

在使用EXIST函数时，需要注意以下几点：
1. 文件或目录路径要正确指定，否则会导致函数无法正常工作。

2. EXIST函数通常用于在SAS程序中对文件或目录进行存在性
检查，以便在程序中进行相应的处理。

除了上述基本的用法，我们还可以从以下几个方面来全面了解EXIST函数的使用：
1. 在SAS中，EXIST函数可以用于在数据步中检查输入文件是否存在，以避免在读取数据时出现错误。

2. 在SAS宏中，EXIST函数可以用于判断指定的文件或目录是否存在，从而在宏中进行相应的处理。

3. EXIST函数还可以与其他SAS函数和语句结合使用，如FILENAME语句、FOPEN函数等，来实现更复杂的文件操作和处理。

总之，EXIST函数在SAS中是一个非常实用的函数，它可以帮助我们在程序中进行文件或目录的存在性检查，从而更好地进行数据处理和分析。

希望以上回答能够全面地解答你关于SAS中EXIST 函数的疑问。

sas intck函数
SAS 的 INTCK 函数简介
SAS 的 INTCK 函数是 SAS 程序计算中常用的一个函数，它可以用来计算两个日期之间的差数——称为间隔天数。

INTCK 函数可以把一个日期与另一个日期作比较，计算两个日期之间的月数，年数，星期数，及一个给定单位的间隔天数。

INTCK 函数的语法如下：
INTNX(interval, date, count )
其中， interval 是指你要求的日期间隔，可以为 YEAR，MONTH，WEEK，DAY 等；date 是指日期；count 是指二个日期之间的差值。

例如，你要计算当前日期与某一日期的差值，比如说在一个月内（10-15 到 11-10 之间）：
intnx('month', '10-15-2013'd, 1)
其结果是 11-10-2013。

你也可以计算当前日期与某一日期的差值，比如说在一周（10-3 到 10-9 之间）：
intnx('week', '10-3-2013'd, 1)
其结果是 10-9-2013。

- 1 -。

sas里的rownumber函数
在SAS中，ROW_NUMBER()函数用于为结果集中的每一行分配一个唯一的序号。

它可以帮助我们标识每一行的位置，并在需要时进行排序或筛选。

ROW_NUMBER()函数的语法如下：
ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY <expression> ORDER BY <expression> [ASC|DESC])
其中，`PARTITION BY`子句用于指定分组的条件，可以根据一个或多个表达式进行分组。

`ORDER BY`子句用于指定排序的条件，可以根据一个或多个表达式进行排序，还可以指定升序（ASC）或降序（DESC）。

以下是ROW_NUMBER()函数的使用示例：
SELECT col1, col2, col3, ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY col1) AS row_num
FROM your_table;
上述示例中，`your_table`是要查询的表名，`col1`是用于排序的列名。

通过使用ROW_NUMBER()函数并按照col1列的值进行排序，我们可以为结果集中的每一行分配一个唯一的序号，并将其作为新的列row_num返回。

注意事项：
1. ROW_NUMBER()函数仅在SAS版本9.4及以上版本中可用。

2. 当结果集中的行具有相同的排序条件时，它们的行号可能会相同。

如果需要唯一的行号，可以在ORDER BY子句中增加其他列作为排序条件。

总之，ROW_NUMBER()函数是在SAS中用于分配唯一行号的函数。

它可以在结果集中标识每一行的位置，为排序和筛选提供便利。

在学习任何软件的时候，函数都是很重要的学习内容，大大方便我们的工作，没事的时候就拿出来看看吧。

一、数学函数ABS(x) 求x的绝对值。

MAX(x1,x2,…,xn) 求所有自变量中的最大一个。

MIN(x1,x2,…,xn) 求所有自变量中的最小一个。

MOD(x,y) 求x除以y的余数。

SQRT(x) 求x的平方根。

ROUND(x,eps) 求x按照eps指定的精度四舍五入后的结果，比如ROUND(5654.5654,0.01) 结果为5654.57，ROUND(5654.5654,10)结果为5650。

CEIL(x) 求大于等于x的最小整数。

当x为整数时就是x本身，否则为x右边最近的整数。

FLOOR(x) 求小于等于x的最大整数。

当x为整数时就是x本身，否则为x左边最近的整数。

INT(x) 求x扔掉小数部分后的结果。

FUZZ(x) 当x与其四舍五入整数值相差小于1E-12时取四舍五入。

LOG(x) 求x的自然对数。

LOG10(x) 求x的常用对数。

EXP(x) 指数函数。

SIN(x), COS(x), TAN(x) 求x的正弦、余弦、正切函数。

ARSIN(y) 计算函数y=sin(x)在区间的反函数，y取[-1,1]间值。

ARCOS(y) 计算函数y=cos(x)在的反函数，y取[-1,1]间值。

ATAN(y) 计算函数y=tan(x)在的反函数，y取间值。

SINH(x), COSH(x), TANH(x) 双曲正弦、余弦、正切ERF(x) 误差函数GAMMA(x) 完全函数此外还有符号函数SIGN，函数一阶导数函数DIGAMMA，二阶导数函数TRIGAMMA ，误差函数余函数ERFC，函数自然对数LGAMMA，ORDINAL函数，AIRY 函数，DAIRY函数，Bessel函数JBESSEL，修正的Bessel函数IBESSEL，等等。

二、数组函数数组函数计算数组的维数、上下界，有利于写出可移植的程序。

sas中catx的用法在SAS中，catx函数用于将指定的字符串或变量值连接在一起，形成一个更长的字符串。

该函数在数据分析和处理中非常有用，可以方便地创建新的变量或合并数据。

下面是SAS中catx函数的用法和示例。

一、函数语法catx(delimiter, string1, string2, …)其中，delimiter是可选参数，指定用于连接各个字符串的分隔符。

string1, string2等是要连接的字符串或变量名。

二、函数用法示例以下是一些使用catx函数的示例：1. 将两个字符串连接在一起：data temp;input str1 $ str2 $;card;apple bananaorange grape;run;data final;set temp;string = catx(', ', str1, str2);run;输出结果：final: str1 = apple, str2 = banana, string = apple,bananafinal: str1 = orange, str2 = grape, string = orange,grape可以看到，通过使用catx函数，我们将两个字符串连接在一起，并用逗号作为分隔符。

2. 将多个字符串变量连接在一起：data temp;input var1 var2 var3 $;datalines;A B CD E F;run;data final;set temp;string = catx(', ', _all_var_names_);run;输出结果：ABC, DEF在这个示例中，我们使用了_all_var_names_系统过程，它将所有变量名存储在数据集中，我们使用catx函数将它们连接在一起。

分隔符为逗号和空格。

三、注意事项在使用catx函数时，需要注意以下几点：1. 分隔符可以是一个字符串，也可以是一个字符变量。