自动化专业可参考的外文文献

自动化论文参考文献一、自动化论文期刊参考文献[1].PGP成像光谱仪的全视场自动化光谱定标方法.《光谱学与光谱分析》.被中信所《中国科技期刊引证报告》收录ISTIC.被EI 收录EI.被SCI收录SCI.被北京大学《中文核心期刊要目总览》收录PKU.2014年8期.孙慈.巴音贺希格.崔继承.潘明忠.李晓天.唐玉国.[2].人工与自动化双分拣区系统品项分配优化.《机械工程学报》.被中信所《中国科技期刊引证报告》收录ISTIC.被EI收录EI.被北京大学《中文核心期刊要目总览》收录PKU.2015年10期.李明.吴耀华.吴颖颖.陈宁宁.[3].荷兰温室盆花自动化生产装备系统的发展现状.《农业工程学报》.被中信所《中国科技期刊引证报告》收录ISTIC.被EI收录EI.被北京大学《中文核心期刊要目总览》收录PKU.2012年19期.辜松.杨艳丽.张跃峰.[4].民勤沙区非称量式蒸渗仪组扩容及其自动化监控系统设计.《农业工程学报》.被中信所《中国科技期刊引证报告》收录ISTIC.被EI收录EI.被北京大学《中文核心期刊要目总览》收录PKU.2015年23期.张锦春.刘世增.方峨天.田亚菲.王珊.朱维亮.柴成武.郭树江.李云鹏.姜生秀.[5].基于EPON的电力自动化信息传送平台.《电力系统保护与控制》.被中信所《中国科技期刊引证报告》收录ISTIC.被EI收录EI.被北京大学《中文核心期刊要目总览》收录PKU.2014年2期.殷志锋.周雅.张元敏.[6].构建中国智能电网技术思考.《电力系统自动化》.被中信所《中国科技期刊引证报告》收录ISTIC.被EI收录EI.被北京大学《中文核心期刊要目总览》收录PKU.2009年9期.肖世杰.[7].面向工厂自动化无线网络的时间同步方法.《计算机研究与发展》.被中信所《中国科技期刊引证报告》收录ISTIC.被EI 收录EI.被北京大学《中文核心期刊要目总览》收录PKU.2014年3期.杨雨沱.梁炜.张晓玲.刘帅.[10].大型飞机自动化装配技术.《航空学报》.被中信所《中国科技期刊引证报告》收录ISTIC.被EI收录EI.被北京大学《中文核心期刊要目总览》收录PKU.2008年3期.许国康.二、自动化论文参考文献学位论文类[1].YT公司光盘的自动化质量控制研究.作者：王金帅.工商管理山东大学2012（学位年度）[2].翻译认知过程视角下译者控制加工与自动化加工研究.被引次数：1 作者：陈罗霞.英语语言文学湖南大学2013（学位年度）[3].环形轨自动化制孔系统开发及其定位精度分析.作者：江一行.机械工程浙江大学2014（学位年度）[4].基于激光跟踪仪的飞机机翼自动化扫描测量系统设计.作者：袁菲菲.机械制造及其自动化浙江大学2014（学位年度）[5].分布式系统自动化测试平台设计与实现.作者：胡瑶.计算机系统结构电子科技大学2014（学位年度）[6].项目管理在非标自动化设备制造中的应用研究——以厦门D公司非标自动化设备制造为例.作者：吴健康.项目管理厦门大学2012（学位年度）[7].金盐银盐自动化生产线的设计与研究.作者：郭豪.控制工程山东大学2014（学位年度）[8].自动化仓储系统的设计与应用前景分析.作者：郝晶晶.管理科学与工程中国科学技术大学2015（学位年度）[9].飞机壁板机器人自动化制孔法向修正技术研究.作者：李永超.机械制造及其自动化浙江大学2014（学位年度）[10].基于无线通信技术的水利自动化监控系统研究.被引次数：11作者：田野.电气工程山东大学2012（学位年度）三、相关自动化论文外文参考文献[1]Optimizationofautomation:Ⅰ.Estimationmethodofcognitiveautomat ionratesreflectingtheeffectsofautomationonhumanoperatorsinnuclearpowe rplants.SeungMinLeeJongHyunKimPoongHyunSeong《Annalsofnuclearenergy》,被EI收录EI.被SCI收录SCI.2014Aug.[2]SelfRepresentationforSelfConfigurationandMonitoringinAgentBase dFlexibleAutomationSystems.Kaindl,H.Vallee,M.Arnautovic,E.《IEEEtransactionsonsystems,man,andcybernetics.PartA,Systemsandhumans 》,被EI收录EI.被SCI收录SCI.20131[3]SelfRepresentationforSelfConfigurationandMonitoringinAgentBase dFlexibleAutomationSystems.Kaindl,H.Vallee,M.Arnautovic,E.《IEEEtransactionsonsystems,man,andcybernetics,PartA.Systemsandhumans :ApublicationoftheIEEESystems,Man,andCyberneticsSociety》,被EI收录EI.被SCI收录SCI.20131[4]ImprovingtheDriverAutomationInteraction:AnApproachUsingAutomat ionUncertainty.JohannesBellerMatthiasHeesenMarkVollrath《Humanfactors:ThejournaloftheHumanFactorsSociety》,被EI收录EI.被SCI收录SCI.20136[5]ShoulditbeautomaticormanualTheoccupant'sperspectiveonthedesign ofdomesticcontrolsystems.SamiKarjalainen《Energyandbuildings》,被EI收录EI.被SCI收录SCI.2013Oct.[6]EffectsofModesofCockpitAutomationonPilotPerformanceandWorkload inaNextGenerationFlightConceptofOperation. GukHoGilDavidKaberKarlKaufmannSangHwanKim 《HumanFactorsandErgonomicsinManufacturing&ServiceIndustries》,被EI收录EI.被SCI收录SCI.20125[7]AdaptiveAutomation,LevelofAutomation,AllocationAuthority,Super visoryControl,andAdaptiveControl:DistinctionsandModesofAdaptation. Sheridan,T.B.《IEEEtransactionsonsystems,man,andcybernetics,PartA.Systemsandhumans :ApublicationoftheIEEESystems,Man,andCyberneticsSociety》,被EI收录EI.被SCI收录SCI.20114[8]AdaptiveAutomation,LevelofAutomation,AllocationAuthority,Super visoryControl,andAdaptiveControl:DistinctionsandModesofAdaptation. Sheridan,T.B.《IEEEtransactionsonsystems,man,andcybernetics,PartA.Systemsandhumans:ApublicationoftheIEEESystems,Man,andCyberneticsSociety》,被EI收录EI.被SCI收录SCI.20114[9]Cognitiveautomationstrategyforreconfigurableandsustainableasse mblysystems.AsaFasthBerglundJohanStahre《AssemblyAutomation》,被EI收录EI.被SCI 收录SCI.20133[10]Molecularautomation:anewkindofsimulationappliedtoionicsolutio ns.Quesnel,D.J.Zhang,Y.《PhysicsandChemistryofLiquids》,被EI收录EI.被SCI收录SCI.20121/2四、自动化论文专著参考文献[1]自动化专业教育的指导性要求.郭晓华.田作华，20132013年全国自动化教育学术年会[2]基于自动化学科领域范畴的自动化专业卓越工程师课程体系构建.韩璞，20132013年全国自动化教育学术年会[3]压铸单元深度自动化方式浅谈.李哲.张国忠.杨锐，20142014重庆市铸造年会[4]自动化专业“产学研用”四位一体创新人才培养模式的研究与实践. 王海英.谢桂花.范宇红.许家忠.闫哲.殷玉恒，20132013年全国自动化教育学术年会[5]高校自动化专业学生就业现状分析及对策研究.孙立雄.洪洁.梁雪莲.李立鹏.许建.孙研.孙冬雪.刘伟，20132013年全国自动化教育学术年会[6]如何上好自动化专业概论课.王永忠，20112011年北京服装学院学科专业建设年教研论文报告会[7]自动化专业的二维课程体系结构.萧德云.田作华.吴晓蓓，20132013年全国自动化教育学术年会[8]河南理工大学自动化专业工程教育与实践探讨.王红旗.卜旭辉，20132013年全国自动化教育学术年会[9]运用多学科交叉模式培养创新型自动化专业人才.马建军.郑志强.郭鸿武，20132013年全国自动化教育学术年会[10]自动化专业应用型本科人才培养模式的构建.王淑红.李双科，20132013年全国自动化教育学术年会。

自动化专业外文文献哎呀，说到自动化专业外文文献，这可真是个让人又爱又恨的领域！我还记得之前有一次，我们学校组织了一个关于自动化专业的学术交流活动。

在活动中，有一位来自国外的专家分享了他最新的研究成果，那份报告就是用外文写的。

当时我看着那密密麻麻的外文，心里那叫一个忐忑。

对于咱们学自动化专业的同学来说，外文文献简直就是通往前沿知识的重要桥梁。

可这桥有时候不太好走啊！那些专业词汇，就像一个个小怪兽，张牙舞爪地挡在我们面前。

比如说，在控制理论方面的外文文献中，经常会出现“PID controller”（比例积分微分控制器）这样的词汇。

要是不熟悉，还真容易被绕晕。

还有像“robotic manipulation”（机器人操作）、“sensor fusion”（传感器融合）等等，每一个词都好像在考验我们的词汇量和理解能力。

而且外文文献的表述方式和咱们平时习惯的也不太一样。

有时候一句话绕来绕去，得读好几遍才能明白它的意思。

就像有一篇关于自动化生产线优化的文献，其中有个句子描述了各种复杂的流程和参数关系，我读了半天，脑袋都快成浆糊了，最后还是在老师的帮助下才搞清楚。

不过呢，虽然外文文献读起来费劲，但一旦攻克了，收获也是巨大的。

通过阅读外文文献，我们能够了解到国外最新的研究动态和技术应用。

比如说，在智能交通系统方面，外文文献中介绍了很多先进的算法和模型，能够大大提高交通效率和安全性。

还有啊，读外文文献也能锻炼我们的英语能力。

以前我总觉得自己英语还不错，可一读这些文献，才发现还有很大的提升空间。

慢慢地，我的阅读速度变快了，理解能力也增强了。

总之，自动化专业的外文文献就像是一座神秘的宝库，虽然打开它的过程充满了挑战，但里面的宝藏绝对值得我们去努力探索！希望同学们都能鼓起勇气，勇敢地去面对这些外文文献，从中汲取知识的养分，让自己在自动化专业的道路上越走越远！回想当初在学术交流活动上面对那份外文报告的迷茫，再看看现在能够相对轻松地阅读和理解外文文献，这种成长的感觉真不错。

毕业设计（论文）外文文献翻译文献、资料中文题目：汽车发动机文献、资料英文题目：AUTOMOTIVE ENGINE文献、资料来源：文献、资料发表（出版）日期：院（部）：专业：机械设计制造及其自动化（车辆工程）班级：姓名：学号：指导教师：翻译日期： 2017.02.14译文题目： Automobile engineAUTOMOTIVE ENGINE1 Engine Classification and Overall MechanicsThe automobile engines can be classified according to: (1) cycles, (2) cooling system, (3) fuel system, (4) ignition method, (5) valve arrangement, (6) cylinder arrangement, (7) engine speed.Engines used in automobiles are the internal combustion heat engines. Theburning of gasoline inside the engine produces high pressure in the engine combustion chamber. This high pressure force piston to move, the movement is carried by connecting rods to the engine crankshaft. The crankshaft is thus made to rotate: therotary motion is carried through the power train to the car wheels so that they rotateand the car moves.The engine requires four basic systems to run (Fig. 2-1). Diesel engines requirethree of these systems. They are fuel system, ignition system (except diesel), lubricating system and cooling system. However, three other related systems are also necessary. These are the exhaust system, the emission-control system, and the starting system. Each performs a basic job in making the engine run.Fig. 2-1 The engine construction2 Engine Operating PrinciplesFig. 2-2 Engine termsThe term “stroke” is used to describe the movement of the piston within the cylinder. The movement of the piston from its uppermost position (TDC, top dead center) to its lowest position (BDC, bottom dead center) is called a stroke. The operating cycle may require either two or four strokes to complete. Most automobile engines operate on the four stroke cycle (Fig. 2-2).In four-stroke engine, four strokes of the piston in the cylinder are required to complete one full operating cycle. Each stroke is named after the action. It performs intake, compression, power, and exhaust in that order (Fig. 2-3).Intake stroke Compression stroke Power stroke Exhaust strokeFig. 2-3 Four-stroke-cycle gasoline engine1. The intake strokeThe intake stroke begins with the piston near the top of its travel. As the piston begins its descent, the exhaust valve closes fully, the intake valve opens and the volume of the combustion chamber begins to increase, creating a vacuum. As the piston descends, an air/fuel mixture is drawn from the carburetor into the cylinder through the intake manifold. The intake stroke ends with the intake valve close just after the piston has begun its upstroke.2. Compression strokeAs the piston is moved up by the crankshaft from BDC, the intake valve closes. The air/fuel mixture is trapped in the cylinder above the piston. Future piston travelcompresses the air/fuel mixture to approximately one-eighth of its original volume (approximately 8:1 compression ratio) when the piston has reached TDC. This completes the compression stroke.3. Power strokeAs the piston reaches TDC on the compression stroke, an electric spark is produced at the spark plug. The ignition system delivers a high-voltage surge of electricity to the spark plug to produce the spark. The spark ignites, or sets fire to, the air/fuel mixture. It now begins to burn very rapidly, and the cylinder pressure increases to as much as 3-5MPa or even more. This terrific push against the piston forces it downward, and a powerful impulse is transmitted through the connecting rod to the crankpin on the crankshaft. The crankshaft is rotated as the piston is pushed down by the pressure above it.4. Exhaust strokeAt the end of the power stroke the camshaft opens the exhaust valve, and the exhaust stroke begins. Remaining pressure in the cylinder, and upward movement of the piston, force the exhaust gases out of the cylinder. At the end of the exhaust stroke, the exhaust valve closes and the intake valve opens, repeating the entire cycle of events over and over again.3 Engine Block and Cylinder Head3.1 Engine BlockThe engine block is the basic frame of the engine. All other engine parts either fit inside it or fasten to it. It holds the cylinders, water jackets and oil galleries (Fig. 2-4). The engine block also holds the crankshaft, which fastens to the bottom of the block. The camshaft also fits in the block, except on overhead-cam engines. In most cars, this block is made of gray iron, or an alloy (mixture) of gray iron and other metals, such as nickel or chromium. Engine blocks are castings.Fig. 2-4 V6 engine blockSome engine blocks, especially those in smaller cars, are made of cast aluminum. This metal is much lighter than iron. However, iron wears better than aluminum. Therefore, the cylinders in most aluminum engines are lined with iron or steel sleeves. These sleeves are called cylinder sleeves. Some engine blocks are made entirely of aluminum.3.2 Cylinder SleevesCylinder sleeves are used in engine blocks to provide a hard wearing material for pistons and piston rings. The block can be made of one kind of iron that is light and easy to cast while the sleeves uses another that is better able to stand up wear and tear. There are two main types of sleeves: dry and wet (Fig. 2-5).Dry sleeve Wet sleeveFig. 2-5 Cylinder sleeve3.3 Cylinder HeadThe cylinder head fastens to the top of the block, just as a roof fits over a house. The underside forms the combustion chamber with the top of the piston. In-line engine of light vehicles have just one cylinder head for all cylinders; larger in-line engines can have two or more. Just as with engine blocks, cylinder heads can be made of cast iron or aluminum alloy. The cylinder head carries the valves, valve springs and the rockers on the rocker shaft, this part of valve gear being worked by the pushrods. Sometimes the camshaft is fitted directly into the cylinder head and operates on the valves without rockers. This is called an overhead camshaft arrangement.3.4 GasketThe cylinder head is attached to the block with high-tensile steel studs. The joint between the block and the head must be gas-tight so that none of the burning mixture can escape. This is achieved by using cylinder head gasket. Gaskets are also used to seal joins between the other parts, such as between the oil pan, manifolds, or water pump and the blocks.3.5 Oil PanThe oil pan is usually formed of pressed steel. The oil pan and the lower part of cylinder block together are called the crankcase; they enclose, or encase, the crankshaft. The oil pump in the lubricating system draws oil from the oil pan and sends it to all working parts in the engine. The oil drains off and run down into the pan. Thus, there is a constant circulation of oil between the pan and the working parts of the engine.4 Piston Assembly, piston rings , The piston pin ,Connecting Rods, Crankshafts And Flywheel4.1 PistonPiston rings and the piston pin are together called the piston assembly (Fig. 2-6).。

1、外文原文A: Fundamentals of Single-chip MicrocomputerTh e si ng le -c hi p m ic ro co mp ut er i s t he c ul mi na ti on of both t h e de ve lo pm en t of the dig it al com pu te r an d th e in te gr at ed c i rc ui t arg ua bl y t h e tow m os t s ig ni f ic an t i nv en ti on s o f t he 20th c e nt ur y [1].Th es e tow type s of arch it ec tu re are foun d in sin g le -ch i p m i cr oc om pu te r. Som e empl oy the spli t prog ra m/da ta me mo ry of the H a rv ar d ar ch it ect u re , sh ow n in Fig.3-5A -1, oth ers fo ll ow the p h il os op hy , wi del y ada pt ed for gen er al -p ur po se com pu te rs and m i cr op ro ce ss o r s, o f ma ki ng no log i ca l di st in ct ion be tw ee n p r og ra m and dat a me mo ry as in the Pr in ce to n arch ite c tu re , show n i n Fig.3-5A-2.In gen er al ter ms a sin gl e -chi p mic ro co mp ut er i sc h ar ac te ri zed b y t he i nc or po ra ti on of a ll t he un it s of a co mp uter i n to a sin gl e d ev i ce , as sho wn inFi g3-5A -3.Fig.3-5A-1 A Harvard typeFig.3-5A-2. A conventional Princeton computerFig3-5A-3. Principal features of a microcomputerRead only memory (ROM.R OM is usua ll y for the pe rm an ent,n o n-vo la ti le stor a ge of an app lic a ti on s pr og ra m .M an ym i cr oc om pu te rs and m are inte nd e d for high -v ol um e ap pl ic at ions a n d he nc e t h e eco n om ic al man uf act u re of th e de vic e s re qu ir es t h at t he cont en t s o f t he prog ra m me m or y be co mm it t ed perm a ne ntly d u ri ng the man ufa c tu re of ch ip s .Cl ea rl y, thi s im pl ie s a r i go ro us app ro ach to ROM cod e deve l op me nt sin ce cha ng es can not b e mad e afte r manu f a c tu re .Th is dev e lo pm en t proc ess may invo lv e e m ul at io n us in g aso ph is ti ca te d de ve lo pm en t sy ste m wit h a h a rd wa re emu la tio n cap ab il it y as w el l as the use o f po we rf ul s o ft wa re too ls.So me man uf act u re rs pro vi de add it io na l RO M opt i on s by i n cl ud in g in their ra n ge dev ic es wit h (or int en de d fo r use wit h u s er pro gr am ma ble me mo ry. Th e sim p le st of th es e is usu al ly d e vi ce whi ch can op er at e in a micro p ro ce ssor mod e by usi ng som e o f the inp ut /outp u t li ne s as an ad dr es s an d da ta b us fora c ce ss in g ex te rna l mem or y. Thi s t y pe of de vi ce can beh av ef u nc ti on al ly as th e sing le chip mi cr oc om pu te r from whi ch it is d e ri ve d al be it wit h re st ri ct ed I/O and a mod if ied ex te rn al c i rc ui t. The use of thes e d ev ic es is com mo n eve n in prod uc ti on c i rc ui ts wher e t he vo lu me does no tj us ti f y t h e d ev el o pm en t c osts o f c us to m o n -ch i p R OM [2];t he re c a n s ti ll bea s ignif i ca nt saving i n I /O and o th er c h ip s com pa re d to a conv en ti on al mi c ro pr oc es sor b a se d ci rc ui t. Mor e ex ac t re pl ace m en t fo r RO M dev i ce s ca n be o b ta in ed in th e fo rm of va ri an ts w it h 'p ig gy -b ack 'E P RO M(Er as ab le pro gr am ma bl e ROM s oc ke ts or dev ic e s with EPROM i n st ea d o f RO M 。

目录Part 1 PID type fuzzy controller and parameters adaptive method (1)Part 2 Application of self adaptation fuzzy-PID control for main steam temperature control system in power station 错误!未定义书签。

Part 3 Neuro-fuzzy generalized predictive control of boiler steam temperature ....................................................................... (8)Part 4 为Part3译文：锅炉蒸汽温度模糊神经网络的广义预测控制14Part 1 PID type fuzzy controller and Parametersadaptive methodWu zhi QIAO，Masaharu MizumotoAbstract: The authors of this paper try to analyze the dynamic behavior of the product—sum crisp type fuzzy controller, revealing that this type of fuzzy controller behaves approximately like a PD controller that may yield steady-state error for the control system。

By relating to the conventional PID control theory, we propose a new fuzzy controller structure，namely PID type fuzzy controller which retains the characteristics similar to the conventional PID controller. In order to improve further the performance of the fuzzy controller, we work out a method to tune the parameters of the PID type fuzzy controller on line, producing a parameter adaptive fuzzy controller. Simulation experiments are made to demonstrate the fine performance of these novel fuzzy controller structures。

Development of Sensor New TechnologySensor is one kind component which can transform the physical quantity, chemistry quantity and the biomass into electrical signal. The output signal has the different forms like the voltage, the electric current, the frequency, the pulse and so on, which can satisfy the signal transmission, processing, recording, and demonstration and control demands. So it is the automatic detection system and in the automatic control industry .If automatic Technology is used wider, t hen sensor is more important.Several key words of the sensor：1 Sensor ElementsAlthough there are exception ,most sensor consist of a sensing element and a conversion or control element. For example, diaphragms,bellows,strain tubes and rings, bourdon tubes, and cantilevers are sensing elements which respond to changes in pressure or force and convert these physical quantities into a displacement. This displacement may then be used to change an electrical parameter such as voltage, resistance, capacitance, or inductance. Such combination of mechanical and electrical elements form electromechanical transducing devices or sensor. Similar combination can be made for other energy input such as thermal. Photo, magnetic and chemical,giving thermoelectric, photoelectric,electromaanetic, and electrochemical sensor respectively.2 Sensor SensitivityThe relationship between the measured and the sensor output signal is usually obtained by calibration tests and is referred to as the sensor sensitivity K1= output-signal increment / measured increment . In practice, the sensor sensitivity is usually known, and, by measuring the output signal, the input quantity is determined from input= output-signal increment / K1.3 Characteristics of an Ideal SensorThe high sensor should exhibit the following characteristics.(a)high fidelity-the sensor output waveform shape be a faithful reproduction of the measured; there should be minimum distortion.(b)There should be minimum interference with the quantity being measured; the presence of the sensor should not alter the measured in any way.(c)Size. The sensor must be capable of being placed exactly where it is needed.(d)There should be a linear relationship between the measured and the sensor signal.(e)The sensor should have minimum sensitivity to external effects, pressure sensor,for example,are often subjected to external effects such vibration and temperature.(f)The natural frequency of the sensor should be well separated from the frequency and harmonics of the measurand.Sensors can be divided into the following categories：1 Electrical SensorElectrical sensor exhibit many of the ideal characteristics. In addition they offer high sensitivity as well as promoting the possible of remote indication or mesdurement. Electrical sensor can be divided into two distinct groups:(a)variable-control-parameter types,which include:(i)resistance(ii)capacitance(iii)inductance(iv)mutual-inductance typesThese sensor all rely on external excitation voltage for their operation.(b)self-generating types,which include(i)electromagnetic(ii)thermoelectric(iii)photoemissive(iv)piezo-electric typesThese all themselves produce an output voltage in response to the measurand input and their effects are reversible. For example, a piezo-electric sensor normally produces an output voltage in response to the deformation of a crystalline material; however, if an alternating voltage is applied across the material, the sensor exhibits the reversible effect by deforming or vibrating at the frequency of the alternating voltage.2 Resistance SensorResistance sensor may be divided into two groups, as follows:(i)Those which experience a large resistance change, measured by using potential-divider methods. Potentiometers are in this group.(ii)Those which experience a small resistance change, measured by bridge-circuit methods. Examples of this group include strain gauges and resistance thermometers.3 Capacitive SensorThe capacitance can thus made to vary by changing either the relative permittivity, the effective area, or the distance separating the plates. The characteristic curves indicate thatvariations of area and relative permittivity give a linear relationship only over a small range of spacings. Thus the sensitivity is high for small values of d.??Unlike the potentionmeter, the variable-distance capacitive sensor has an infinite resolution making it most suitable for measuring small increments of displacement or quantities which may be changed to producea displacement.4 Inductive SensorThe inductance can thus be made to vary by changing the reluctance of the inductive circuit. Measuring techniques used with capacitive and inductive sensor:(a)A.C. excited bridges using differential capacitors inductors.(b)A.C. potentiometer circuits for dynamic measurements.(c)D.C. circuits to give a voltage proportional to velocity for a capacitor.(d)Frequency-modulation methods, where the change of C or L varies the frequency of an oscillation circuit.Important features of capacitive and inductive sensor are as follows:(i)resolution infinite(ii)accuracy±0.1% of full scale is quoted(iii)displacement ranges 25*10-6 m to 10-3m(iv)rise time less than 50us possibleTypical measurands are displacement, pressure, vibration, sound, and liquid level.5 Linear Variable-differential Ttransformer6 Piezo-electric Sensor7 Electromagnetic Sensor8 Thermoelectric Sensor9 Photoelectric Cells10 Mechanical Sensor and Sensing ElementsIn information age, the information industry includes information gathering, transmission, process three parts, namely sensor technology, communication, computer technology. Because of ultra large scale integrated circuit’s rapid development after having been developed Modern computer technology and communication, not only requests sensor precision reliability, speed of response and gain information content request more and more high but also requests its cost to be inexpensive. The obvious traditional sensor is eliminated gradually because of the function, the characteristic, the volume, the cost and so on. As world develop many countries are speeding up to the sensor new technology’s research and thedevelopment, and all has obtained the enormous breakthrough. Now the sensor new technology development mainly has following several aspects:Using the physical phenomenon, the chemical reaction, the biological effect as the sensor principle therefore the researches which discovered the new phenomenon and the new effect are the sensor technological improving ways .it is important studies to developed new sensor’s the foundation. Japanese Sharp Corporation uses the superconductivity technology to develop successfully the high temperature superconductivity magnetic sensor and get the sensor technology significant breakthrough. Its sensitivity is so high and only inferior in the superconductivity quantum interference component. Its manufacture craft is far simpler than the superconductivity quantum interference component. May use in magnetism image formation technology. So it has the widespread promoted value.Using the immune body and the antigen meets one another compound when the electrode surface. It can cause the electrode potential change and use this phenomenon to be possible to generate the immunity sensor. The immunity sensor makes with this kind of immune body may to some organism in whether has this kind of ant original work inspection. Like may inspect somebody with the hepatitis virus immune body whether contracts the hepatitis, plays to is fast, the accurate role. The US UC sixth branch has developed this kind of sensor.The sensor material is the important foundation for sensor technology, because the materials science is progressive and the people may make each kind of new sensor For example making the temperature sensor with the high polymer thin film; The optical fiber can make the pressure, the current capacity, the temperature, the displacement and so on the many kinds of sensors; Making the pressure transmitter with the ceramics. The high polymer can become the proportion adsorption and the release hydrogen along with the environment relative humidity size. The high polymer electricity lies between the constant to be small, the hydrogen can enhance the polymer the coefficient of dialectical loss. Making the capacitor the high polymer dielectric medium, determines the electric capacity cape city the change, then obtains the relative humidity. Making the plasma using this principle to gather the legitimate polystyrene film temperature sensor below, it has the characteristic.Measured the wet scope is wide; The temperature range is wide, may reach -400 ℃ ~ +1,500 ℃; The speed of response is quick, is smaller than 1S; The size is small, may use in the small space measuring wet; The temperature coefficient issmall.The ceramic electric capacity type pressure transmitter is one kind does not have the intermediary fluid the dry type pressure transmitter. Uses the advanced ceramic technology, the heavy film electronic technology, its technical performance is stable, the year drifting quantity is smaller than 0.1%F.S, warm floats is smaller than ±0.15%/10K, anti- overloads strongly, may reach the measuring range several hundred times. The survey scope may from 0 to 60mpa.German E+H Corporation and the American Kahlo Corporation product is at the leading position.The optical fiber application is send the material significant breakthrough, its uses in most early the optical communication techniques. In the optical communication use discovered works as environmental condition change and so on the temperature, pres-sure, electric field, magnetic field, causes the fiber optic transmission light wave intensity, the phase, the frequency, change and so on the polarization condition, the survey light wave quantity change, may know causes these light wave physical quantity the and so on quantitative change temperature, pressure ,electric field, magnetic field size, uses these principles to be possible to develop the optical fiber sensor. The optical fiber sensor and the traditional sensor compare has many characteristics: Sensitivity high, the structure simple, the volume small, anti-corrosive, the electric insulation good, the path of rays may be curving, be advantageous for the realization telemeter and so on. Optical fiber sensor Japan is in the advanced level. Like Idec Izumi Corporation and Sun x Corporation. The optical fiber send receiver and the integrated path of rays technology unify, accelerates the optical fiber sensor technology development. Will integrate the path of ray’s component to replace the original optics part and the passive light component; enable the optical fiber sensor to have the high band width, the low signal processing voltage, the reliability high, the cost will be low.In semiconductor technology processing method oxygenation, the photo etc hang, the proliferation, the deposition, the plane electron craft, various guides corrosion and steams plates, the sputtering thin film and so on, these have all introduced to the sensor manufacture. Thus has produced each kind of new sensor, like makes the silicon micro sensor using the semiconductor technology, makes the fast response using the thin film craft the gas to be sensitive, the wet sensitive sensor, the use sputtering thin film craft system pressure transmitter and so on..The Japanese horizontal river company uses various guides’ corrosion technologyto carry on the high accuracy three dimensional processing; the system helps the silicon resonance type pressure transmitter. The core partially presses two resonant Liang by the feeling which above the silicon diaphragm and the silicon diaphragm manufactures to form, two resonant Liang's frequency difference correspondence different pressure, measures the pressure with the frequency difference method, may eliminate the error which factor and so on ambient temperature brings. When ambient temperature change, two resonant Liang frequencies and the amplitude variation are same, after two frequency differences, its same change quantity can counterbalance mutually. It’s survey most h igh accuracy may reach 0.01%FS.American Silicon Microstructure Inc.(SMI) the company develops a series of low ends, linear in 0.1% to 0.In 65% scope silicon micro pressure transmitter, the lowest full measuring range is 0.15psi (1KPa), it makes take the silicon as the material, has the unique three dimensional structure, the light slight machine-finishing, makes the wheat stone bridge many times with the etching on the silicon diaphragm, when above silicon chip stress, it has the distortion, the resistance produces presses the anti- effect but to lose the bridge balance, the output and the pressure becomes the proportion the electrical signal.Such silicon micro sensor is the front technology which now the sensor develops, Its essential feature is the sensitive unit volume is a micron magnitude, Is the traditional sensor several dozens, several 1%. In aspect and so on industry control, aerospace domain, biomedicine has the vital role, like on the airplane the use may reduce the airplane weight, reduces the energy. Another characteristic is can be sensitive is small surveyed, may make the blood pressure pressure transmitter.The Chinese aviation main corporation Beijing observation and control technical research institute, the development CYJ series splashes thanks the membrane pressure transmitter is uses the ion sputtering craft to process the metal strain gauge, it has over come the nonmetallic strain gauge easily the temperature influence insufficiency, has the high stability, is suitable in each kind of situation, is measured the medium scope widely, but also overcame the tradition lowly to glue the precision which the type brought, sluggish big, shortcoming and so on slow change, had the precision high, the re-liability is high, the volume small characteristic, widely used in domain and so on aviation, petroleum, chemical industry, medical service.Integrates the sensor the superiority is the traditional sensor is unable to achieve, it is a simple sensor not merely, it in at the same time the auxiliary circuit part andsend the part will integrate on together the chip, will cause it to have the calibration, to compensate, from the diagnosis and the network correspondence function, it might reduce the cost, the gain in yield, this kind of blood pressure senso r which American LUCAS, NOVASENSOR Corporation will develop, each week will be able to produce 10,000.The intellectualized sensor is one kind of belt microprocessor sensor, is achievement which the microcomputer and the sensor unifies, it has at the same time the examination, the judgment and the information processing function, compares with the traditional sensor has very many characteristics:Has the judgment and the information processing function, can carry on the revision, the error to the observed value compensates, thus enhancement measuring accuracy; May realize the multi-sensor multi parameters survey; Has from the diagnosis and from the calibration function, enhances the reliability; The survey data may deposit and withdraw, easy to operate; Has the data communication interface, can and the microcomputer direct communication.The sensor, the signal adjustment electric circuit, the monolithic integrated circuit integration forms ultra large-scale integrated on a chip the senior intelligence sensor. American HONY WELL Corporation ST-3000 intelligence sensor, the chip size only then has 3×4×2mm3, uses the semiconductor craft, makes CPU, EPROM, the static pressure, the differential pressure, the temperature on the identical chip and so on three kind of sensitive units.The intellectualized sensor research and the development, US is at the leading position. American Space Agency when development spaceship called this kind of sensor for the clever sensor (Smart Sensor), on the spaceship this kind of senso r is extremely important. Our country in this aspect research and development also very backward mainly is because our country semiconductor integrated circuit technological level is limited.The sensor’s development is changing day after day since especia lly the 80's humanities have entered into the high industrialization the information age, sensor techno-logy to renewal, higher technological development. US, Japan and so on developed country sensor technological development quickest, our country because the foundation is weak, the sensor technology compares with these developed countries has the big disparity. Therefore, we should enlarge to the sensor engineering research, the development investment, causes our country sensortechnology and the foreign disparity reduces, promotes our country instrument measuring appliance industry and from the technical development.——From《Sensor Technology Handbook》,Jon Wilson,Newnes传感器新技术的发展传感器是一种能将物理量、化学量、生物量等转换成电信号的器件。

1、外文原文（复印件）A: Fundamentals of Single-chip MicrocomputerTh e si ng le-ch i p mi cr oc om pu ter is t he c ul mi nat i on o f bo th t h e d ev el op me nt o f th e d ig it al com p ut er an d t he int e gr at ed ci rc ui ta r gu ab ly th e t ow m os t s i gn if ic ant i nv en ti on s o f t h e 20t h c en tu ry[1].Th es e to w typ e s of a rc hi te ctu r e ar e fo un d i n s in gl e-ch ip m i cr oc om pu te r. So m e em pl oy t he sp l it p ro gr am/d ata me mo ry o f th e H a rv ar d ar ch it ect u re, sh ow n i n -5A, ot he rs fo ll ow th e ph i lo so ph y, w i de ly a da pt ed fo r g en er al-p ur pos e c om pu te rs an d m i cr op ro ce ss or s, o f m a ki ng no lo gi c al di st in ct io n b e tw ee n p ro gr am a n d da t a m em ory a s i n th e Pr in cet o n ar ch it ec tu re,sh ow n in-5A.In g en er al te r ms a s in gl e-chi p m ic ro co mp ut er i sc h ar ac te ri zed b y the i nc or po ra tio n of al l t he uni t s o f a co mp ut er i n to a s in gl e dev i ce, as s ho wn in Fi g3-5A-3.-5A-1 A Harvard type-5A. A conventional Princeton computerFig3-5A-3. Principal features of a microcomputerRead only memory (ROM).R OM i s u su al ly f or th e p er ma ne nt, n o n-vo la ti le s tor a ge o f an a pp lic a ti on s pr og ra m .M an ym i cr oc om pu te rs an d mi cr oc on tr ol le r s a re in t en de d fo r h ig h-v ol ume a p pl ic at io ns a nd h en ce t he e co nom i ca l ma nu fa ct ure of t he d ev ic es r e qu ir es t ha t the co nt en ts o f the pr og ra m me mo ry b e co mm it te dp e rm an en tl y d ur in g th e m an uf ac tu re o f c hi ps . Cl ear l y, th is im pl ie sa ri g or ou s a pp roa c h t o R OM co de d e ve lo pm en t s in ce c ha ng es ca nn otb e m ad e af te r man u fa ct ur e .T hi s d e ve lo pm en t pr oce s s ma y in vo lv e e m ul at io n us in g a s op hi st ic at ed deve lo pm en t sy st em w i th a ha rd wa re e m ul at io n ca pa bil i ty a s we ll a s th e u se of po we rf ul so ft wa re t oo ls.So me m an uf act u re rs p ro vi de ad d it io na l RO M opt i on s byi n cl ud in g i n th ei r ra ng e de vi ce s wi th (or i nt en de d fo r us e wi th) u s er pr og ra mm ab le m em or y. Th e s im p le st of th es e i s us ua ll y d ev ice w h ic h ca n op er ate in a m ic ro pr oce s so r mo de b y usi n g so me o f th e i n pu t/ou tp ut li ne s as a n ad dr es s an d da ta b us f or acc e ss in g e xt er na l m e mo ry. T hi s t ype o f d ev ic e c an b e ha ve fu nc ti on al l y a s t he si ng le c h ip mi cr oc om pu te r fr om wh ic h i t i s de ri ve d a lb eit w it h r es tr ic ted I/O an d a mo di fie d e xt er na l ci rcu i t. T he u se o f t h es e RO Ml es sd e vi ce s is c om mo n e ve n in p ro du ct io n c ir cu it s wh er e t he v ol um e do es n o t ju st if y th e d e ve lo pm en t co sts of c us to m on-ch i p RO M[2];t he re c a n st il l b e a si g ni fi ca nt s a vi ng in I/O a nd ot he r c hi ps co mp ar ed t o a c on ve nt io nal mi cr op ro ce ss or b as ed c ir cu it. M o re e xa ctr e pl ac em en t fo r RO M d ev ic es c an b e o bt ai ne d in t he f o rm o f va ri an ts w i th 'pi gg y-ba ck'EP RO M(Er as ab le p ro gr am ma bl e ROM)s oc ke ts o rd e vi ce s w it h EP ROM i ns te ad o f R OM 。

本科生毕业论文(外文翻译) 译文名称：MCS -51 系列单片机的功能和结构专业：自动化班次：学员：指导教员：评阅人：完成时间：2022 年11 月30 日Structure and function of the MCS-51 series Structure and function of the MCS-51 series one-chip computer is a name ofa piece of one-chip computer series which Intel Company produces. This company introduced 8 top-grade one-chip computers of MCS-51 series in 1980 after introducing 8 one-chip computers of MCS-48 series in 1976. It belong to alot of kinds this line of one-chip computer the chips have,such as 8051, 8031, 8751, 80C51BH, 80C31BH,etc., their basic composition, basic performance and instruction system are all the same. 8051 daily representatives- 51 serial one-chip computers .An one-chip computer system is made up of several following parts: ( 1) One microprocessor of 8 (CPU). ( 2) At slice data memory RAM (128B/256B),it use not depositting not can reading /data that write, such as result not middle of operation, final result and data wanted to show, etc. ( 3) Procedure memory ROM/EPROM (4KB/8KB ), is used to preserve the procedure , some initial data and form in slice. But does not take ROM/EPROM within some one-chip computers, such as 8031 , 8032, 80C ,etc.. ( 4) Four 8 run side by side I/O interface P0 four P3, each mouth can use as introduction , may use as exporting too. ( 5) Two timer / counter, each timer / counter may set up and count in the way, used to count to the external incident, can set up into a timing way too, and can according to count or result of timing realize the control of the computer. ( 6) Five cut off cutting off the control system of the source . ( 7) One all duplexing serial I/O mouth of UART (universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter (UART) ), is it realize one-chip computer or one-chip computer and serial communication of computer to use for. ( 8) Stretch oscillator and clock produce circuit, quartz crystal finely tune electric capacity need outer. Allow oscillation frequency as 12 megahertas now at most. Every the above-mentioned part was joined through the inside data bus .Among them, CPU is a core of the one-chip computer, it is the control of the computer and command centre, made up of such parts as arithmetic unit and controller , etc.. The arithmetic unit can carryon 8 persons of arithmetic operation and unit ALU of logic operation while including one, the 1 storing device temporarilies of 8, storing device 2 temporarily, 8's accumulation device ACC, register B and procedure state register PSW, etc. Person who accumulate ACC count by 2 input ends entered of checking etc. temporarily as one operation often, come from person who store 1 operation is it is it make operation to go on to count temporarily , operation result and loopback ACC with another one. In addition, ACC is often regarded as the transfer station of data transmission on 8051 inside . The same as general microprocessor, it is the busiest register. Help remembering that agreeing with A expresses in the order. The controller includes the procedure counter , the order is depositted, the order decipher, the oscillator and timing circuit, etc. The procedure counter is made up of counter of 8 for two, amounts to 16. It is a byte address counter of the procedure in fact, the content is the next IA that will carried out in PC. The content which changes it can change the direction that the procedure carries out . Shake the circuit in 8051 one-chip computers, only need outer quartz crystal and frequency to finely tune the electric capacity, its frequency range is its 12MHZ of 1.2MHZ. This pulse signal, as 8051 basic beats of working, namely the minimum unit of time. 8051 is the same as other computers, the work in harmony under the control of the basic beat, just like an orchestra according to the beat play that is commanded.There are ROM (procedure memory , can only read ) and RAM in 8051 slices (data memory, can is it can write ) two to read, they have each independent memory address space, dispose way to be the same with general memory of computer. Procedure 8051 memory and 8751 slice procedure memory capacity 4KB, address begin from 0000H, used for preserving the procedure and form constant. Data 8051- 8751 8031 of memory data memory 128B, address false 00FH, use for middle result to deposit operation, the data are stored temporarily and the data are buffered etc.. In RAM of this 128B, there is unit of 32 byteses that can be appointed as the job register, this and generalmicroprocessor is different, 8051 slice RAM and job register rank one formation the same to arrange the location. It is not very the same that the memory of MCS-51 series one-chip computer and general computer disposes the way in addition. General computer for first address space, ROM and RAM can arrangein different space within the range of this address at will, namely the addressesof ROM and RAM, with distributing different address space in a formation. While visiting the memory, corresponding and only an address Memory unit, can ROM, it can be RAM too, and by visiting the order similarly. This kind of memory structure is called the structure of Princeton. 8051 memories are divided into procedure memory space and data memory space on the physics structure, there are four memory spaces in all: The procedure stores in one and data memory space outside data memory and one in procedure memory space and one outside one, the structure forms of this kind of procedure device and data memory separated form data memory, called Harvard structure. But use the angle from users, 8051 memory address space is divided into three kinds: (1) In the slice, arrange blocks of FFFFH , 0000H of location , in unison outside the slice (use 16 addresses). (2) The data memory address space outside one of 64KB, the address is arranged from 0000H 64KB FFFFH (with 16 addresses ) too to the location. (3) Data memory address space of 256B (use 8 addresses). Three above-mentioned memory space addresses overlap, for distinguishing and designing the order symbol of different data transmission in the instruction system of 8051: CPU visit slice, ROM order spend MOVC , visit block RAM order uses MOVX outside the slice, RAM order uses MOV to visit in slice.8051 one-chip computer have four 8 walk abreast I/O port, call P0, P1, P2 and P3. Each port is 8 accurate two-way mouths, accounts for 32 pins altogether. Every one I/O line can be used as introduction and exported independently. Each port includes a latch (namely special function register ), one exports the driver and a introduction buffer . Make data can latch when outputting, data can buffer when making introduction , but four function of passway these self-same.Expand among the system of memory outside having slice, four port these may serve as accurate two-way mouth of I/O in common use. Expand among the system of memory outside having slice, P2 mouth see high 8 address off; P0 mouth is a two-way bus, send the introduction of 8 low addresses and data / export in timesharingThe circuit of 8051 one-chip computers and four I/O ports is very ingenious in design. Familiar with I/O port logical circuit, not only help to use ports correctly and rationally, and will inspire to designing the peripheral logical circuit of one-chip computer to some extent. Load ability and interface of port have certain requirement, because output grade, P0 of mouth and P1 end output, P3 of mouth grade different at structure, so, the load ability and interface of its door demand to have nothing in common with each other. P0 mouth is different from other mouths, its output grade draws the resistance supremly. When using it as the mouth in common use to use, output grade is it leak circuit to turn on, is it is it urge NMOS draw the resistance on taking to be outer with it while inputting toEvery one with P0 mouth can drive 8 Model LS TTL load to export. P1 mouth is an accurate two-way mouth too, used as I/O in common use. Different from P0 mouth output of circuit its, draw load resistance link with power on inside have. In fact, the resistance is that two effects are in charge of FET and together: One FET is in charge of load, its resistance is regular. Another one can is it lead to work with close at two state, make its President resistance value change approximate 0 or group value heavy two situation very. When it is 0 that the resistance is approximate , can draw the pin to the high level fast ; When resistance value is very large, P1 mouth, in order to hinder the introduction state high. Output as P1 mouth high electricity at ordinary times, can is it draw electric current load to offer outwards, draw the resistance on needn't answer and thenning. Here when the port is used as introduction, must write into 1 to the corresponding latch first too, make FET end. Relatively about 20,000 ohmsbecause of the load resistance in scene and because 40,000 ohms, will not exert an influence on the data that are input. The structure of P2 some mouth is similar to P0 mouth, there are MUX switches. Is it similar to mouth partly to urge, but mouth large a conversion controls some than P1. P3 mouth one multi-functionalthese, make her besides accurate two-way function with P1 mouth just, can alsodetermines to be to output data of latch to output second signal of function. Act as W =At 1 o'clock, output Q end signal; Act as Q =At 1 o'clock, can output W line signal . At the time of programming, it is that the first function is still the second function but needn't have software that set up P3 mouth in advance . It hardware not inside is the automatic to have two function outputted when CPU carries on SFR and seeks the location (the location or the byte ) to visit to P3 mouth /at not lasting lining, there are inside hardware latch Qs =1.The operation principle of P3 mouth is similar to P1 mouth.Output grade , P3 of mouth , P1 of P1 , connect with inside have load resistance of drawing , every one of they can drive 4 Model LS TTL load to output. As while inputting the mouth, any TTL or NMOS circuit can drive P1 of 8051 one-chip computers as P3 mouth in a normal way . Because draw resistance on output grade of them have, can open a way collector too or drain-source resistance is it urge to open a way, do not need to have the resistance of drawing outerly . Mouths are all accurate two-way mouths too. When the conduct is input, must write the corresponding port latch with 1 first . As to 80C51 one-chip computer, port can only offer milliampere of output electric currents, is it output mouth go when urging one ordinary basing of transistor to regard as, should contact a resistance among the port and transistor base , in order to the electricity while restraining the high level from exporting P1~P3 Being restored to the throne is the operation of initializing of an one-chip computer. Its main function is to turn PC into 0000H initially , make theone-chip computer begin to hold the conduct procedure from unit 0000H. Except that the ones that enter the system are initialized normally,as because procedure operate it make mistakes or operate there aren't mistake, in order to extricate oneself from a predicament , need to be pressed and restored to the throne the key restarting too. It is an input end which is restored to the throne the signal in 8051 China RST pin. Restore to the throne signal high level effective , should sustain 24 shake cycle (namely 2 machine cycles ) the above its effective times. If 6 of frequency of utilization brilliant to shake, restore to the throne signal duration should exceed 4 delicate to finish restoring to the throne and operating. Produce the logic picture of circuit which is restored to the throne the signal:Restore to the throne the circuit and include two parts outside in the chip entirely. Outside that circuit produce to restore to the throne signal (RST ) hand over to Schmitt's trigger, restore to the throne circuit sample to output , Schmitt of trigger constantly in each S5P2 , machine of cycle in having one more , then just got and restored to the throne and operated the necessary signal insidly. Restore to the throne resistance of circuit generally, electric capacity parameter suitable for 6 brilliant to shake, can is it restore to the throne signal high level duration greater than 2 machine cycles to guarantee. Being restored to the throne in the circuit is simple, its function is very important. Pieces of one-chip computer system could normal running,should first check it can restore to the throne not succeeding. Checking and can pop one's head and monitor the pin with the oscillograph tentatively, push and is restored to the throne the key, the wave form that observes and has enough range is exported (instantaneous), can also through is it restore to the throne circuit group holding value carry on the experiment to change.MCS -51 系列单片机的功能和结构MCS - 51 系列单片机具有一个单芯片电脑的结构和功能，它是英特尔公司生产的系列产品的名称。

1、外文原文（复印件)A: Fundamentals of Single-chip MicrocomputerTh e si ng le-ch i p mi cr oc om pu ter is t he c ul mi nat i on o f bo th t h e d ev el op me nt o f th e d ig it al com p ut er an d t he int e gr at ed ci rc ui ta r gu ab ly th e t ow m os t s i gn if ic ant i nv en ti on s o f t h e 20t h c en tu ry[1].Th es e to w t ype s o f a rc hi te ct ur e a re fo un d i n s i ng le—ch ip m i cr oc om pu te r。

S o me em pl oy th e s p li t p ro gr am/d at a me mo ry of t he H a rv ar d ar ch it ect u re, sh ow n in Fi g.3-5A—1，ot he r s fo ll ow t hep h il os op hy, wi del y a da pt ed f or ge n er al—pu rp os e c o mp ut er s an dm i cr op ro ce ss or s, of ma ki ng no lo gi c al di st in ct io n be tw ee n p ro gr am a n d da ta m em or y a s i n th e Pr in cet o n ar ch it ec tu re,sh ow n in F ig。

3-5A-2.In g en er al te r ms a s in gl e—ch i p mi cr oc om pu ter isc h ar ac te ri zed b y the i nc or po ra tio n of al l t he uni t s o f a co mp ut er i n to a s in gl e de v i ce，as s ho wn i n F ig3—5A—3。

自动化设计论文参考文献一、自动化设计论文期刊参考文献[1].基于自动化设计网格的产品系统的研究.《计算机集成制造系统》.被中信所《中国科技期刊引证报告》收录ISTIC.被EI收录EI.被北京大学《中文核心期刊要目总览》收录PKU.2006年6期.李治.金先龙.曹源.喻学兵.[2].大型火电厂自动化设计的若干问题.《电力系统自动化》.被中信所《中国科技期刊引证报告》收录ISTIC.被EI收录EI.被北京大学《中文核心期刊要目总览》收录PKU.2005年24期.郑慧莉.[3].基于AGA的导弹控制系统自动化设计.《系统工程与电子技术》.被中信所《中国科技期刊引证报告》收录ISTIC.被EI收录EI.被北京大学《中文核心期刊要目总览》收录PKU.2005年9期.沈永福.戴邵武.邓方林.[4].纳米操纵机器人及其自动化设计.《光学精密工程》.被中信所《中国科技期刊引证报告》收录ISTIC.被EI收录EI.被北京大学《中文核心期刊要目总览》收录PKU.2013年4期.[5].海水有机锡快速测定仪的自动化设计.《河北科技大学学报》.被中信所《中国科技期刊引证报告》收录ISTIC.被北京大学《中文核心期刊要目总览》收录PKU.2013年5期.周长杰.刘魁.仇计清.李景印.史会英.[6].产品电缆自动化设计.《电光与控制》.被中信所《中国科技期刊引证报告》收录ISTIC.被北京大学《中文核心期刊要目总览》收录PKU.2011年6期.李延蕊.[9].解析变电站电气二次设备自动化设计.《建材与装饰》.2015年40期.管丽波.[10].机械制造和自动化设计中的节能设计理念应用研究.《建筑工程技术与设计》.2015年18期.李海梦.郭秀萍.二、自动化设计论文参考文献学位论文类[1].船舶分段吊装方案自动化设计方法研究.被引次数：1作者：白璐.船舶与海洋工程大连理工大学2013（学位年度）[2].夹具定位点布局自动化设计关键技术研究.被引次数：1作者：崔跃.航空宇航制造工程南昌航空大学2012（学位年度）[3].煤浮选捕收剂的超声乳化研究及其自动化设计.被引次数：4作者：李昕帆.矿物加工工程太原理工大学2010（学位年度）[4].船舶分段吊装方案自动化设计方法研究及程序开发.作者：张小明.船舶与海洋结构物设计制造大连理工大学2014（学位年度）[5].冲压生产线上下料机械手端拾器自动化设计.被引次数：3作者：王鹏.机械制造及其自动化同济大学中德学院同济大学2008（学位年度）[6].月牙肋岔管智能自动化设计系统研究.作者：周志琦.结构工程大连理工大学2007（学位年度）[7].基于演化硬件的演化电路自动化设计研究与应用.被引次数：2作者：梁九生.计算机应用技术江西理工大学2008（学位年度）[8].大型风电安装船分段吊装方案自动化设计及仿真设计研究.作者：马驰.船舶与海洋工程大连理工大学2015（学位年度）[9].测试芯片自动化设计与集成电路成品率提升研究.被引次数：1作者：张波.电路与系统浙江大学2012（学位年度）[10].微波设计联合仿真研究.作者：李英杰.电磁场与微波技术西安电子科技大学2011（学位年度）三、相关自动化设计论文外文参考文献[1]Anevolutionarygeometricprimitiveforautomaticdesignsynthesisoff unctionalshapes:Thecaseofairfoils.L.DiAngeloP.DiStefano《Advancesinengineeringsoftware》,被EI收录EI.被SCI收录SCI.2014[2]THEINNOVATIVEDESIGNOFAUTOMATICTRANSMISSIONSFORELECTRICMOTORCYC LES.LongChangHsiehHsiuChenTang 《TransactionsoftheCanadianSocietyforMechanicalEngineering》,被EI收录EI.被SCI收录SCI.20133[3]Algorithmforautomaticpartingsurfaceextensioninthemolddesignnav igatingprocess.WenRenJongTaiChihLiRongZeSyu 《TheInternationalJournalofAdvancedManufacturingTechnology》,被EI收录EI.被SCI收录SCI.20125/8[4]DesignOptimizationofPIDControllerinAutomaticVoltageRegulatorSy stemUsingTaguchiCombinedGeneticAlgorithmMethod.Hasanien,H.M.《IEEEsystemsjournal》,被EI收录EI.被SCI收录SCI.20134[5]Studyofautomaticforestroaddesignmodelconsideringshallowlandsli deswithLiDARdataofFunyuExperimentalForest..Saito,M.Goshima,M.Aruga,K.Matsue,K.Shuin,Y.Tasaka,T.《CroatianJournalofForestEngineering》,被EI收录EI.被SCI收录SCI.20131[6]Designpatternsselection:Anautomatictwophasemethod. Hasheminejad,S.M.H.Jalili,S.《TheJournalofSystemsandSoftware》,被EI 收录EI.被SCI收录SCI.20122[7]SatisfiabilityBasedAutomaticTestProgramGenerationandDesignforT estabilityforMicroprocessors.LingappanL.JhaN.K.《IEEEtransactionsonverylargescaleintegrationsystems》,被EI收录EI.被SCI收录SCI.20075[8]Newautomaticballbalancerdesigntoreducetransientresponseinrotor system.TaekilKimSungsooNa《MechanicalSystems&SignalProcessing》,被EI收录EI.被SCI收录SCI.20131/2[9]DesignandAnalysisofanUltraWidebandAutomaticSelfCalibratingUpco nverterin65nmCMOS. ByoungjoongKangJounghyunYimTaewanKimSangsooKoWonKoHeeseonShinInhyoRyu SungGiYangJongDaeBaeHojinPark 《IEEETransactionsonMicrowaveTheoryandTechniques》,被EI收录EI.被SCI 收录SCI.20127[10]AutomaticAdaptationoftheTimeFrequencyResolutionforSoundAnalys isandReSynthesis.Liuni,M.Robel,A.Matusiak,E.Romito,M.Rodet,X.《IEEEtransactionsonaudio,speech,andlanguageprocessing:APublicationof theIEEESignalProcessingSociety》,被EI收录EI.被SCI收录SCI.20135四、自动化设计论文专著参考文献[1]东北过程自动化设计专业委员会19年发展历程.，2009中国仪器仪表学会东北过程自动化设计专业委员会第19届年会[2]基于演化的电路自动化设计.魏巍.刘睿.张良峰.曾三友，2005中国宇航学会深空探测技术专业委员会第一届学术会议[3]透射电镜样品台移动的自动化设计.张兴堂.万绍明.孙成风.党智强.蒋晓红.郭新勇，2004第十三届全国电子显微学会议[4]筛板塔设计过程的自动化实现.张秋利.兰新哲.宋永辉.郑英辉，20082008年全国精馏技术交流与展示大会[5]船舶自动化机舱CAN总线控制系统.许明华，20112011年苏浙闽沪航海学会学术研讨会[6]油脂加工厂自动化.左青，2011中国粮油学会油脂分会第二十届学术年会暨产品展示会[7]在工程设计投标中对有关热工自动化设计的几个问题的思考.李春，2002电站自动化信息化学术技术交流会议[8]型腔刚强度计算的自动化.郭建芬.陈以蔚，20082008年中国工程塑料复合材料技术研讨会[9]一种密钥协商协议的自动化设计方法.李松.王丽娜.余荣威.匡波，2008第三届可信计算与信息安全学术会议[10]地面观测工作基数统计的自动化设计.郑峤，2013第十届长三角气象科技论坛。

外文文献：STUDY RELATING TO FORMULATING LONG-TERM MECHANIZATION STRATEGY FOR EACH AGRO CLIMATIC ZONE/STATE IN INDIA题目：Need for Farm Mechanization专业：农业机械化及其自动化班级：0801班姓名：王根旺外文原文：INTRODUCTIONThe productivity of farms depends greatly on the availability and judicious use of farm power by the farmers. Agricultural implements and machines enable the farmers to employ the power judiciously for production purposes. Agricultural machines increase productivity of land and labour by meeting timeliness of farm operations and increase work out-put per unit time. Besides its paramount contribution to the multiple cropping and diversification of agriculture , mechanization also enables efficient utilisation of inputs such as seeds, fertilisers and irrigation water.The Technology Development Advisory Group Constituted by the Directorate General of Technical Development, in its industry monograph on agricultural machinery, observed that the usage of a seed-cumfertiliser drill does not just conserve energy but also saves around 20% of seeds and also increases the yield by 15% through better placement and more effective utilisation of fertilisers and seeds.ROLE AND PROGRESS OF MECHANIZATIONMechanization in Indian agriculture started with the establishment of the Central Tractor Organisation (CTO) mainly for land reclamation and development, mechanical cultivation and reduction of sanccharum spontanium (Kans).The production of irrigation pumps and diesel engines started during 1930s. The manufacture of tractors and power tillers started in 1960. Since then by the virtue of its inherent edge over the conventional means of farming, agricultural mechanization has been gaining popularity. The increased use of farm machines has found expression in the phenomenal expansion of cropped area and cropping intensity and the country’s agricultural production on all fronts. The shift has also helped in diversification of agriculture from conventional crops to commercial crops.The programmes of farm mechanization have resulted in adoption of farm machinery such as tractors, power tillers, combine harvesters, irrigation equipment, plant protection equipment, threshers, improved implements and hand tools. However the country still lags behind in terms of the available number of tractors per thousand hectares. In terms of density of tractors per thousand hectares, India not only lags behind the developed countries but also some of the developing countries of the world, especially a few of the neighbouring ones. The trend of sale of tractors over the years indicates a rising acceptance of agricultural machines and equipment with the Indian farmers. The use of different types of farm machinery including hand tools, animal-drawn implements, threshers, plantprotection equipment, diesel/electric pump sets etc. has been accelerating over the past several years; as a result of which the total power available per unit area on farms has also increased.翻译文章：引言农场的生产力在很大程度上取决于农民是否能明智地利用农业机械以及农业机械的可用性。

自动化控制论文参考文献一、自动化控制论文期刊参考文献[1].长距离渠系融冰期自动化控制模式研究.《水利学报》.被中信所《中国科技期刊引证报告》收录ISTIC.被EI收录EI.被北京大学《中文核心期刊要目总览》收录PKU.2013年9期.刘孟凯.邢领航.黄明海.郭辉.[2].包覆燃料颗粒制备的自动化控制系统设计与研制.《原子能科学技术》.被中信所《中国科技期刊引证报告》收录ISTIC.被EI收录EI.被北京大学《中文核心期刊要目总览》收录PKU.2013年6期.刘马林.邵友林.刘兵.[3].CYCIAE100回旋加速器测磁仪自动控制系统的研制.《原子能科学技术》.被中信所《中国科技期刊引证报告》收录ISTIC.被EI收录EI.被北京大学《中文核心期刊要目总览》收录PKU.2013年2期.曹磊.殷治国.吕银龙.钟俊晴.[4].中子单色器姿态调整台.《原子能科学技术》.被中信所《中国科技期刊引证报告》收录ISTIC.被EI收录EI.被北京大学《中文核心期刊要目总览》收录PKU.2013年1期.刘蕴韬.高建波.李峻宏.刘晓龙.李际周.陈东风.[5].吐哈油田油气集输系统的自动化控制.《油气田地面工程》.被中信所《中国科技期刊引证报告》收录ISTIC.被北京大学《中文核心期刊要目总览》收录PKU.2015年2期.莫兵.[6].智能化技术在电气工程自动化控制中的应用.《科技创新导报》.2012年2期.耿英会.[7].电热管制造工艺自动化控制与检测技术.《制造业自动化》.被中信所《中国科技期刊引证报告》收录ISTIC.被北京大学《中文核心期刊要目总览》收录PKU.2012年18期.蒋萍萍.[8].生物滴滤床净化含H2S废气自动化控制.《解放军理工大学学报（自然科学版）》.被中信所《中国科技期刊引证报告》收录ISTIC.被EI收录EI.被北京大学《中文核心期刊要目总览》收录PKU.2008年3期.於建明.沈国江.沙昊雷.[9].浅谈计算机在煤化工自动化控制中的应用.《电子测试》.被中信所《中国科技期刊引证报告》收录ISTIC.2016年9期.李兴旺.[10].热镀锌助镀剂中亚铁离子在线检测技术.《天津大学学报》.被中信所《中国科技期刊引证报告》收录ISTIC.被EI收录EI.被北京大学《中文核心期刊要目总览》收录PKU.2009年10期.二、自动化控制论文参考文献学位论文类[1].DQ90型顶驱的自动化控制研究.作者：古晖晖.机械设计及理论兰州理工大学2014（学位年度）[2].隧道窑自动化控制的研究与实现.作者：赵伟.计算机技术西安电子科技大学2013（学位年度）[3].Φ720mm无缝钢管工业炉自动化控制及监控.作者：金磊.软件工程天津大学2013（学位年度）[4].基于Labview的仪表自动化控制及特性分析.作者：张晓颖.物理电子学烟台大学2013（学位年度）[5].内蒙古西部天然气长输管道自动化控制集成系统构建研究.被引次数：1作者：杨建功.工商管理内蒙古大学2012（学位年度）[6].高炉自动化控制的设计与研究.作者：谭天雷.电气工程江苏大学2012（学位年度）[7].基于LabVIEW的低噪声超快泵浦探测系统开发及应用.作者：曾贤贵.电子科学与技术湖南大学2015（学位年度）[8].节能型自动化控制茶叶滚筒杀青机的研究.被引次数：5作者：宋志禹.茶学安徽农业大学2010（学位年度）[9].序批式活性污泥工艺（SBR）自动化控制及工艺性能研究.被引次数：18作者：董国日.矿物加工工程中南大学2007（学位年度）[10].光伏驱动一体式分散型农村污水生物处理及其自动化控制研究.作者：蔡铭杰.环境工程陕西科技大学2012（学位年度）三、相关自动化控制论文外文参考文献[1]ConstantFractionDiscriminatorInvolvingAutomaticGainControltoRe duceTimeWalk.Lim,H.《IEEETransactionsonNuclearScience》,被EI收录EI.被SCI收录SCI.20144[2]AnAdaptiveZoneDivisionBasedAutomaticVoltageControlSystemWithAp plicationsinChina.Sun,H.Guo,Q.Zhang,B.Wu,W.Wang,B.《IEEETransactionsonPowerSystems:APublicationofthePowerEngineeringSoc iety》,被EI收录EI.被SCI收录SCI.20132[3]SuboptimalAutomaticGenerationControlofInterconnectedPowerSyste mUsingOutputVectorFeedbackControlStrategy. IBRAHEEMPRABHATKUMARNAIMULHASANNIZAMUDDIN 《ElectricPowerComponentsandSystems》,被EI收录EI.被SCI收录SCI.20129/12[4]OptimalAutomaticGenerationControlofInterconnectedPowerSystemCo nsideringNewStructuresofMatrixQ. NAIMULHASANIBRAHEEMPRABHATKUMAR《ElectricPowerComponentsandSystems》,被EI收录EI.被SCI收录SCI.20131/4[5]AdirectionalcontrolsystemforUCAVautomatictakeoffroll. YunpengZhangHaibinDuan《Aircraftengineeringandaerospacetechnology》,被EI收录EI.被SCI收录SCI.20131[6]AGCSignalModelingforEnergyStorageOperations.Donadee,J.Wang,J.《IEEETransactionsonPowerSystems:APublicationofthePowerEngineeringSoc iety》,被EI收录EI.被SCI收录SCI.20145[7]OptimalautomatictuningofactivedampingPIDregulators. Papadopoulos,K.G.Margaris,N.I.《JournalofProcessControl》,被EI收录EI.被SCI收录SCI.20136[8]SensitivityAnalysisofLoadDampingCharacteristicinPowerSystemFre quencyRegulation.Huang,H.Li,F.《IEEETransactionsonPowerSystems:APublicationofthePowerEngineeringSoc iety》,被EI收录EI.被SCI收录SCI.20132[9]AdvancedAutomaticGenerationControlwithAutomaticCompensationofT ieLineLosses.MILANS.CALOVIC《ElectricPowerComponentsandSystems》,被EI收录EI.被SCI收录SCI.20125/8[10]ResearchonAutomaticFaultDiagnosisofEnvironmentalControlandLif eSupportSystems.WeiHuQingEWuJianhuaZou 《Journalofcomputationalandtheoreticalnanoscience》,被EI收录EI.被SCI收录SCI.20145四、自动化控制论文专著参考文献[1]沂沭泗局水闸自动化控制设施维修养护探讨.吴正松，2013中国水利学会2013年学术年会[2]券商集中监控与自动化控制平台的研究.俞枫.赵佳宝，2013中国计算机用户协会信息系统分会2013年第二十三届信息交流大会[3]燃气聚乙烯管道热熔焊机的自动化控制要求.麦钧汉.席丹，20132013中国燃气运营与安全研讨会[4]开封市三水厂成功实现全自动化控制的探讨.杜丽.邵秀梅.杨海涛，2013中国城镇供水排水协会设备材料工作委员会第三届调度监测、自动控制设备技术应用研讨会[5] 泵房排水系统自动化控制.朱正茂，2012第22届全国煤矿自动化与信息化学术会议暨第4届中国煤矿信息化与自动化高层论坛[6]生物发酵连消、水消工艺自动化控制的实现与方法.李献军，20132013中国生物发酵产业年会[7]选矿过程自动化控制应用研究.余明正.倪尔波，2012中国仪器仪表学会东北过程自动化设计专业委员会第二十二次年会暨2012年学术会议[8]小型环模设备真空系统的自动化控制.杨瑞洪.茹晓勤.王宇.王军伟，20112011北京真空学会真空学术交流会[9]以太环网+现场总线在煤矿自动化控制中的应用.李宗磊.马亮.姜妍，2011山东煤炭学会工业信息化专业委员会2011年度工作会议暨物联网技术推进煤矿信息化学术论坛[10]中平能化集团综采设备自动化控制的应用.张宇，2011第21届全国煤矿自动化与信息化学术会议暨第3届中国煤矿信息化与自动化高层论坛。

1、外文原文A: Fundamentals of Single-chip MicrocomputerTh e si ng le -c hi p mic ro co mput er i s t he c ul mi na ti on of both t h e de ve lo pmen t o f t he d ig it al co m pu te r an d th e i n te gr at ed c i rc ui t a rg ua bl y t h e to w mos t s ig ni f ic an t i nv en ti on s of t he 20th c e nt ur y [1].Th es e t ow ty pe s of ar ch it ec tu re a re fo un d i n s in gle -ch i p m i cr oc ompu te r. So me em pl oy t he spl i t pr og ra m/da ta memory o f th e Ha rv ar d ar ch it ect ure , sh own in Fi g.3-5A-1, o th ers fo ll ow t he ph il os op hy , wi del y a da pt ed f or ge ner al -pur po se co m pu te rs a nd m i cr op ro ce ss or s, o f maki ng n o log i ca l di st in ct ion be tw ee n pr og ra m an d d at a memory a s i n t he P r in ce to n ar ch ite c tu re , sh own i n F ig.3-5A-2.In g en er al te r ms a s in gl e -chi p m ic ro co mput er i sc h ar ac te ri zed by t he i nc or po ra ti on of a ll t he un it s of a co mputer i n to a s in gl e d ev i ce , as s ho wn in Fi g3-5A-3.Fig.3-5A-1 A Harvard typeProgrammemory DatamemoryCPU Input&Outputunitmemory CPU Input&OutputunitFig.3-5A-2. A conventional Princeton computerReset Interrupts PowerFig3-5A-3. Principal features of a microcomputerRead only memory (ROM).R OM i s us ua ll y f or th e p erm an ent, no n-vo la ti le s tor age o f an a pp lic ati on s pr og ra m .Man ym i cr oc ompu te rs an d m ar e in te nd e d f or hi gh -v ol ume a ppl ic at ions an d he nc e t he eco nomic al m an uf act ure o f th e de vic es re qu ir es t h at t he co nt en t s of t he pr og ra m mem or y b e co mm it t ed pe rm ane ntly du ri ng t he m an ufa c tu re o f ch ip s .Cl ea rl y, t hi s i mpl ie s a r i go ro us a pp ro ach to R OM c od e de ve l op ment s in ce ch ang es c an not be mad e af te r manu f ac tu re .Th is d ev elo pmen t pr oc ess ma y in vo lv e emul at io n us in g a so ph is ti ca te d d eve lo pmen t sy ste m w it h a ha rd ware e mula tio n c ap ab il it y as wel l as t he u se o f po werf ul s o ft ware t oo ls.Some m an uf act ure rs p ro vi de ad d it io na l ROM opt i on s byi n cl ud in g i n th eir r ange d ev ic es wi t h (or i nt en de d f or u se wit h)us er p ro gr ammable memory. Th e sim ple st o f th es e i s u su al lyde vi ce w hi ch c an o per at e in a mi cro pro ce ss or mod e b y u si ng s ome of t he i np ut /o utp ut li ne s as a n a ddr es s an d da ta b us f or ac ce ss in g ex te rna l m emor y. T hi s t y pe o f de vi ce ca n b eh av eExternalTimingcomponents System clock Timer/ CounterSerial I/OPrarallelI/ORAMROMCPUf u nc ti on al ly a s t he si ng le ch ip mi cr oc ompu te r fro m w hi ch it is de ri ve d al be it wi t h re st ri ct ed I/O a nd a m od if ied ex te rn alc i rc ui t. Th e u se o f th es e dev ic es i s c ommon e ve n i n pr od uc ti on c i rc ui ts wh ere t he vo lu me do es no t j us tif y t h e dev el opmen t costsof c us to m o n-ch i p ROM[2];t he re c a n s ti ll be a s ig nif i ca nt sa vingi n I/O an d o th er c hip s c ompa re d t o a co nv en ti on al mi c ro pr oc es sor ba se d ci rc ui t. Mo r e ex ac t re pl ace m en t fo r RO M dev i ce s ca n be ob ta in ed i n th e f orm o f va ri an ts wit h 'p ig gy-b ack'EPRO M(Er as ab le pr o gr ammabl e RO M )s oc ke ts o r d ev ic e s wi th EP ROM i n st ea d of ROM 。

中英文对照外文翻译Automation of professional developmentAutomation in the history of professional development, "industrial automation" professional and "control" professional development of the two main line, "industrial automation" professional from the first "industrial enterprises electrified" professional.In the 1950s, the New China was just founded, the 100-waste question, study the Soviet Union established system of higher education, Subdivision professional. Corresponding to the country in the construction of industrial automation and defense, military construction in automatic control, successively set up the "electrification of industrial enterprises" professional and "control" professional (at that time in many schools, "Control" professional secrecy is professional) . After several former professional name of evolution (see below), and gradually develop into a "biased towards applications, biased towards strong," Automation, and the latter to maintain professional name of "control" basically unchanged (in the early days also known as the "automatic learning And remote learning, "" Automatic Control System "professional), and gradually develop into a" biased towards theory, biased towards weak, "the automation professional, and come together in 1995, merged into aunified" automatic "professional . In 1998, according to the Ministry of Education announced the latest professional undergraduate colleges and universities directory, adjusted, the merger of the new "automated" professional include not only the original "automatic" professional (including "industrial automation" professional and "control" professional ), Also increased the "hydraulic transmission and control of" professional (part), "electrical technology" professional (part) and "aircraft guidance and control of" professional (part).Clearly, one of China's automation professional history of the development of China's higher education actually is a new development of the cause of a microcosm of the history, but also the history of New China industrial development of a miniature. Below "industrial automation" professional development of the main line of this example, a detailed review of its development process in the many professional name change (in real terms in the professional content changes) and its industrial building at the time of the close relationship.First a brief look at the world and China's professional division history. We know that now use the professional division is largely from the 19th century to the beginning of the second half of the first half of the 20th century stereotypes of the engineering, is basically industry (products) for the objects to the division, they have been the image of people Known as the "industry professionals" or "trade associations." At present the international education system in two categories, with Britain and the United States as the representative of the education system not yet out of "industry professionals" system, but has taken the "generalist" the road of education and the former Soviet Union for Europe (close to the Soviet Union) as the representative The education system, at the beginning of theimplementation of "professionals" education, professional-very small, although reforms repeatedly, but to the current "industry professionals" are still very obvious characteristics.In the 1950s, just after the founding of New China, a comprehensive study and the Soviet Union and sub-professional very small; Since reform and opening up, only to Britain and the United States to gradually as the representative of the education system to move closer, and gradually reduce the professional, the implementation of "generalist" education through a number of professional Restructuring and merger (the total number of professionals from the maximum of 1,343 kinds of gradually reducing the current 249 kinds), although not out of "industry professionals" and "Mei Ming," but many of the colleges and universities, mostly only one of a Professional, rather than the past more than a professional.Before that, China's first professional automation from the National University in 1952 when the first major readjustment of the establishment of professional - electrified professional industrial enterprises. At that time, the Soviet Union assistance to the construction of China's 156 large industrial enterprises, automation of much-needed electrical engineering and technical personnel, and such professional and technical personnel training, and then was very consistent with China's industrial construction. By the 1960s, professional name changed to "industrial electric and automation," the late 1970s when to resume enrollment "Electric Industrial Automation" professional. This is not only professional name changes, but has its profound meaning, it reflects China's industries from "electrified" step by step to the "automatic" into the real history and that part of the development trend of China's automation professional reflects how urgent countries Urgent for the country'seconomic construction services that period of history and development of real direction.1993, after four years of the third revision of the undergraduate professional directories, the State Education Commission issued a call "system integrity, more scientific and reasonable, the harmonization of norms," the "ordinary professional directory of undergraduate colleges and universities." "Electric Industrial Automation" and "production process automation" merger of the two professional electrician to set up a kind of "industrial automation" professional, by the then Ministry of Industry Machinery centralized management colleges and universities to set up industrial automation teaching guide at the Commission, responsible for the "Industrial Automation "professional teaching and guiding work at the same time," Control "was attributable to the professional category of electronic information, the then Ministry of Industry of electronic centralized management control to set up colleges and universities teaching guide at the Commission, responsible for the" control " Professional teaching guide our work. After the professional adjustment, further defined the "industrial automation" professional and "control" professional "- both strong and weak, hardware and software into consideration and control theory and practical system integration, and the movement control, process control and other targets of control "The common characteristics with the training objectives, but also the basic set of" industrial automation "biased towards strong, professional, biased towards applications," Control "professional biased towards weak, biased towards the theory of professional characteristics and pattern of division of labor. 1995, the State Education Commission promulgated the "(University) undergraduate engineering leading professional directory", the electrical category "industrialautomation" professional and the original electronic information such as "control" of professional electronic information into a new category of "automatic" professional . As this is the leading professional directory, are not enforced, coupled with general "industrial automation" strong or weak, both professional "into" a weak professional category of electronic information is not conducive to professional development and thus many Schools remain "industrial automation" professional and "control" the situation of professional co-exist. Since 1996 more, again commissioned by the Ministry of National Education Ministry of Industry and electronic machinery industries of other parts of the establishment of the new session (second session) centralized management guidance at the University Teaching Commission, making the leading professionals have not been effective Implemented.1998, to meet the country's economic construction of Kuan Koujing personnel training needs, further consolidation of professional and international "generalist" education track by the Ministry of Education announced a fourth revision of the latest "Universities Undergraduate Catalog." So far in the use of the directory, the total number of professionals from the third amendments to the 504 kinds of substantially reduced to 249 species, the original directory is strong, professional electrician and a weak professional category such as electronics and information into categories Electric power, the unity of Information, a former electrician at the same time kind of "industrial automation" professional and the type of electronic information "control" professional formal merger, together with the "hydraulic transmission and control of" professional (part) , "Electric technology" professional (part) and "aircraft guidance and controlof" professional (part), the composition of the new (enforcement) are electrical information such as "automatic" professional. According to statistics, so far the country has more than 200 colleges and universities set up this kind of "automatic" professional. If the name of automation as part of their professional expertise (such as "electrical engineering and automation," "mechanical design and manufacturing automation," "agricultural mechanization and automation" and other professionals) included Automation has undoubtedly is the largest in China A professional.Of the characteristics of China's automation professional:Recalling China's professional history of the development of automation, combined with the corresponding period of the construction of China's national economy to the demand for automation and automated the development of the cause, it is not difficult to sum up following professional characteristics:(1) China's automation professional is not only a relatively long history (since 1952 have been more than 50 years), and from the first day of the establishment of professional automation, has been a professional one of the countries in urgent need, therefore the number of students has also been The largest and most employers welcome the allocation of the professional one.(2) China's automation is accompanied by a professional from the electrification of China's industrial automation step by step to the development of stable development, professional direction and the main content from the first prominent electrified "the electrification of industrial enterprises" step by step for the development of both the electric and automation " Industrial electric and automation ", highlighting the electrical automation" Electric Industrial Automation "and prominent automation" industrial automation ", then the merger of professional education reform in1995 and" control "of professional content into a broader" automated " Professional. From which we can see that China's automation professional Although the initial study in the Soviet education system established under the general environment, but in their development and the Soviet Union or the United States and Britain did not copy the mode, but with China's national conditions (to meet national needs for The main goal) from the innovation and development of "cross-industry professionals," features the professional.自动化专业的发展自动化专业的发展历史中，有“工业自动化”专业与“自动控制”专业两条发展主线，其中“工业自动化”专业最早源于“工业企业电气化”专业。

3-电气工程及其自动化专业外文文献英文文献外文翻译1、外文原文(复印件)A: Fundamentals of Single-chip MicrocomputerThe single-chip microcomputer is the culmination of both the development of the digital computer and the integrated circuit arguably the tow most significant inventions of the 20th century [1].These tow types of architecture are found in single-chip microcomputer. Some employ the split program/data memory of the Harvard architecture, shown in Fig.3-5A-1, others follow the philosophy, widely adapted for general-purpose computers and microprocessors, of making no logical distinction between program and data memory as in the Princeton architecture, shown in Fig.3-5A-2.In general terms a single-chip microcomputer is characterized by the incorporation of all the units of a computer into a single device, as shown in Fig3-5A-3.ProgramInput& memoryOutputCPU unitDatamemoryFig.3-5A-1 A Harvard typeInput&Output CPU memoryunitFig.3-5A-2. A conventional Princeton computerExternal Timer/ System Timing Counter clock componentsSerial I/OReset ROMPrarallelI/OInterrupts RAMCPUPowerFig3-5A-3. Principal features of a microcomputerRead only memory (ROM).ROM is usually for the permanent,non-volatile storage of an applications program .Many microcomputers and microcontrollers are intended for high-volume applications and hence the economical manufacture of the devices requires that the contents of the program memory be committed permanently during the manufacture of chips . Clearly, this implies a rigorous approach to ROM code development since changes cannot be made after manufacture .This development process may involve emulation using a sophisticated development system with a hardware emulation capability as well as the use of powerful software tools.Some manufacturers provide additional ROM options by including in their range devices with (or intended for use with) user programmablememory. The simplest of these is usually device which can operate in a microprocessor mode by using some of the input/output lines as an address and data bus for accessing external memory. This type of device can behave functionally as the single chip microcomputer from which itis derived albeit with restricted I/O and a modified external circuit. The use of these ROMlessdevices is common even in production circuits where the volume does not justify the development costs of custom on-chip ROM[2];there canstill be a significant saving in I/O and other chips compared to a conventional microprocessor based circuit. More exact replacement for ROM devices can be obtained in the form of variants with 'piggy-back' EPROM(Erasable programmable ROM )sockets or devices with EPROM instead of ROM 。

机械设计创造及其自动化毕业论文外文文献翻译INTEGRATION OF MACHINERY译文题目专业机械设计创造及其自动化外文资料翻译INTEGRATION OF MACHINERY（From ELECTRICAL AND MACHINERY INDUSTRY）ABSTRACTMachinery was the modern science and technology development inevitable result, this article has summarized the integration of machinery technology basic outline and the development background .Summarized the domestic and foreign integration of machinery technology present situation, has analyzed the integration of machinery technology trend of development.Key word： integration of machinery ，technology， present situation ，product t，echnique of manufacture ，trend of development0. Introduction modern science and technology unceasing development, impelled different discipline intersecting enormously with the seepage, has caused the project domain technological revolution and the transformation .In mechanical engineering domain, because the microelectronic technology and the computer technology rapid development and forms to the mechanical industry seepage the integration of machinery, caused the mechanical industry the technical structure, the product organization, the function and the constitution, the production method and the management systemof by machinery for the characteristic integration ofdevelopment phase.1. Integration of machinery outline integration of machinery is refers in the organization new owner function, the power function, in the information processing function and the control function introduces the electronic technology, unifies the system the mechanism and the computerization design and the software which constitutes always to call. The integration of machinery development also has become one to have until now own system new discipline, not only develops along with the science and technology, but also entrusts with the new content .But its basic characteristic may summarize is: The integration of machinery is embarks from the system viewpoint, synthesis community technologies and so on utilization mechanical technology, microelectronic technology, automatic control technology, computer technology, information technology, sensing observation and control technology, electric power electronic technology, connection technology, information conversion technology as well as software programming technology, according to the system function goal and the optimized organization goal, reasonable disposition and the layout various functions unit, in multi-purpose, high grade, redundant reliable, in the low energy consumption significance realize the specific function value, and causes the overall system optimization the systems engineering technology .From this produces functional system, then becomes an integration of machinery systematic or the integration of machinery product. Therefore, of coveringtechnology is based on the above community technology organic fusion one kind of comprehensive technology, but is not mechanical technical, the microelectronic technology as well as other new technical simple combination, pieces together .This is the integration of machinery and the machinery adds the machinery electrification which the electricity forms in the concept basic difference .The mechanical engineering technology has the merely technical to develop the machinery electrification, still was the traditional machinery, its main function still was replaces with the enlargement physical strength .But after develops the integration of machinery, micro electron installment besides may substitute for certain mechanical parts the original function, but also can entrust with many new functions,like the automatic detection, the automatic reduction information, demonstrate the record, the automatic control and the control automatic diagnosis and the protection automatically and so on .Not only namely the integration of machinery product is human's hand and body extending, human's sense organ and the brains look, has the intellectualized characteristic is the integration of machinery and the machinery electrification distinguishes in the function essence.2. Integration of machinery development condition integration of machinery development may divide into 3 stages roughly.20th century 60's before for the first stage, this stage is called the initial stage .In this time, the people determination not on own initiative uses the electronic technology the preliminary achievement to consummate the mechanical product the performance .Specially in Second World War period, the war has stimulated the mechanical product and the electronic technology union, these mechanical and electrical union military technology, postwar transfers civilly, to postwar economical restoration positive function .Developed and the development at that time generally speaking also is at the spontaneouscondition .Because at that time the electronic technology development not yet achieved certain level, mechanical technical and electronic technology union also not impossible widespread and thorough development, already developed the product was also unable to promote massively. The 20th century 70~80 ages for the second stage, may be called the vigorous development stage .This time, the computer technology, the control technology, the communication development, has laid the technology base for the integration of machinery development . Large-scale, ultra large scale integrated circuit and microcomputer swift and violent development, has provided the full material base for the integration of machinery development .This time characteristic is :①A mechatronics word first generally is accepted in Japan, probably obtains the quite widespread acknowledgment to 1980s last stages in the worldwide scale ;②The integration of machinery technology and the product obtained the enormous development ;③The various countries start to the integration of machinery technology and the product give the very big attention and the support. 1990s later periods, started the integration of machinery technology the new stagewhich makes great strides forward to the intellectualized direction, the integration of machinery enters the thorough development time .At the same time, optics, the communication and so on entered the integration of machinery, processes the technology also zhan to appear tiny in the integration of machinery the foot, appeared the light integration of machinery and the micro integration of machinery and so on the new branch; On the other hand to the integration of machinery system modeling design, the analysis and the integrated method, the integration of machinery discipline system and the trend of development has all conducted the thorough research .At the same time, because the hugeprogress which domains and so on artificial intelligence technology, neural network technology and optical fiber technology obtain, opened the development vast world for the integration of machinery technology .These research, will urge the integration of machinery further to establish the integrity the foundation and forms the integrity gradually the scientific system. Our country is only then starts from the beginning of 1980s in this aspect to study with the application .The State Councilsummary had considered fully on international the influence which and possibly brought from this about the integration of machinery technology developmenttrend .Many universities, colleges and institutes, the development facility and some large and middle scale enterprises have done the massive work to this technical development and the application, does not yield certain result, but and so on the advanced countries compared with Japan still has the suitable disparity.3. Integration of machinery trend of development integrations of machinery are the collection machinery, the electron, optics, the control, the computer, the information and so on the multi-disciplinary overlapping syntheses, its development and the progress rely on and promote the correlation technology development and the progress .Therefore, the integration of machinery main development direction is as follows:3.1 Intellectualized intellectualizations are 21st century integration of machinery technological development important development directions .Theartificial intelligence obtains day by day in the integration of machinery constructor's research takes, the robot and the numerical control engine bedis to the machine behavior description, is in the control theory foundation, the absorption artificial intelligence, the operations research, the computer science, the fuzzy mathematics, the psychology, the physiology and the chaos dynamics and so on the new thought, the new method, simulate the human intelligence, enable it to have abilities and so on judgment inference, logical thinking, independent decision-making, obtains the higher control goal in order to .Indeed, enable the integration of machinery product to have with the human identical intelligence, is not impossible, also is nonessential .But, the high performance, the high speed microprocessor enable the integration of machinery product to have preliminary intelligent or human's partial intelligences, then is completely possible and essential.In the modern manufacture process, the information has become the control manufacture industry the determining factor, moreover is the most active actuation factor .Enhances the manufacture system information-handling capacity to become the modern manufacture science development a key point .As a result of the manufacture system information organization and structure multi-level, makes the information the gain, the integration and the fusion presents draws up the character, information measure multi-dimensional, as well as information organization's multi-level .In the manufacture information structural model, manufacture information uniform restraint, dissemination processing and magnanimous data aspects and so on manufacture knowledge library management, all also wait for further break through.Each kind of artificial intelligence tool and the computation intelligence method promoted the manufacture intelligence development in the manufacture widespread application .A kind based on the biological evolution algorithm computation intelligent agent, in includes thescheduling problem in the combination optimization solution area of technology, receives the more and more universal attention, hopefully completes the combination optimization question when the manufacture the solution speed and the solution precision aspect breaks through the question scale in pairs the restriction .The manufacture intelligence also displays in: The intelligent dispatch, the intelligent design, the intelligent processing, the robot study, the intelligent control, the intelligent craft plan, the intelligent diagnosis and so on are various These question key breakthrough, may form the product innovation the basic research system. Between 2 modern mechanical engineering front science different science overlapping fusion will have the new science accumulation, the economical development and society's progress has had the new request and the expectation to the science and technology, thus will form the front science .The front science also has solved and between the solution scientific question border area .The front science has the obvious time domain, the domain and the dynamic characteristic .The project front science distinguished in the general basic science important characteristic is it has covered the key science and technology question which the project actual appeared.Manufacture system is a complex large-scale system, for satisfies the manufacture system agility, the fast response and fast reorganization ability, must profit from the information science, the life sciences and the social sciences and so on the multi-disciplinary research results, the exploration manufacture system new architecture, the manufacture pattern and the manufacture system effective operational mechanism .Makes the system optimization the organizational structure and the good movement condition is makes the system modeling , the simulation and the optimized essential target .Not only the manufacture system new architecture to makes the enterprise the agility and may reorganize ability to the demand response ability to have the vital significance, moreover to made the enterprise first floor production equipment the flexibility and may dynamic reorganization ability set a higher request .The biological manufacture view more and more many is introduced the manufacture system, satisfies the manufacture system new request.The study organizes and circulates method and technique of complicated system from the biological phenomenon, is a valid exit which will solve many hard nut to cracks that manufacturing industry face from now on currently .Imitating to living what manufacturing point is mimicry living creature organ of from the organization, from match more, from growth with from evolution etc. function structure and circulate mode of a kind of manufacturing system and manufacturing process.The manufacturing drives in the mechanism under, continuously by one's own perfect raise on organizing structure and circulating mode and thus to adapt the process of[with] ability for the environment .For from descend but the last product proceed together a design and make a craft rules the auto of the distance born, produce system of dynamic state reorganization and product and manufacturing the system tend automatically excellent provided theories foundation and carry out acondition .Imitate to living a manufacturing to belong to manufacturing science and life science of"the far good luck is miscellaneous to hand over", it will produce to the manufacturing industry for 21 centuries huge of influence .机电一体化摘要机电一体化是现代科学技术发展的必然结果,本文简述了机电一体化技术的基本概要和发展背景。

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