完形填空-“空”房间
学习目标
掌握完形填空的解题步骤和解题技巧。
入门测
完形填空
练习1.
One day a beggar walked about five miles in the hot sun. He was tired and wanted to 11 . When he came to a crossing, he saw a tall tree. On the side 12 the tree he saw a board. It said, "Take This Road To Franklin" "I will rest under the 13 ." said the beggar. "I can lie on the board and sleep." While the beggar was 14 , a doctor rode up to him. "Wake up, beggar!" said the doctor. "I am lost. Can you tell me 15 road to Franklin?" "It's too hot to think." said the beggar. "I can't think in such a 16 day." "Here is a dollar." said the doctor, "Now, will you think?" "Of course, I will, sir!" said the beggar. " 17 that road to Franklin." After a while, a driver stopped to 18 the beggar which road to Franklin. "You must give me a dollar." "Turn to the left," the beggar said. The beggar went back to 19 . Five minutes later a farmer woke him up. "Which is the road to Franklin?" he asked. The beggar got 20 dollar and the farmer went along the road.
A．drive B．eat C．rest D．ride
A．with B．of C．by D．for
A． tree B．sign C．road D．bed
A． to sleep B．slept C．sleep D．sleeping
A．right B．which C．short D．only
A．warm B．cold C．hot D．wet
A．Walk B．Take C．Run D．Bring
A．telling B．asking C．ask D．tell
A．sleep B．walk C．read D．write
A．three B．more C．paid D．another
【答案】CBADBCBCAD
【解析】
题干解析:
情景导入
词汇复现法是什么呢？
例：（北京101中学小升初考试）
I asked my headmaster if I could work for the school this summer vacation, so
I could pay my bills. He was a nice man and let me work in the school garden
during the ______.
A. afternoon
B. year
C. weekends
D. holidays
答案：D。前文中出现了summer vacation，这里的holiday与其实意思相近。
知识集结
知识精讲
解题步骤
知识讲解
?通读全文，把握脉络
1.跳过空格，速读全文，把握大意。
2.注意文中的语篇关键词，和句中的连词；
①如but出现后就说明句子强调的重点是but后面的内容；
②再如代词it指代的定是前文的单数或者不可数名词；
③找到关键词可以帮助我们掌握文章的大概意思及其想要传达的寓意。
例：（北京人大附中小升初考试）
A boy and a girl catch a bird and put it in a birdcage. They like it very much and _____ it every day.
A. see
B. look
C. have a look
D. have a look at
答案：D。文中it指代的是前文中提到的a bird。
二、瞻前顾后，上下求索
联系上下文，运用解题策略从句子、段落、语篇层面解题，抓住文章中的
上下文线索词。
例：（北京师达中学小升初考试）
Venice is a good place for _____ to have fun. You can let your kids give food to pigeons on San Marco Square.
A. parents
B. kids
C. students
答案：B。下文中出现了kids。
三、再读文章，核查答案
代入答案，再读全文，反复检查，争取做到：结构正确+语义通顺+逻辑合理。
例：（北京师达中学小升初考试）
We always think of ways to be healthy. We must eat much vegetables and fruit, and do enough _____ every day.
A. homework
B. learning
C. sports
答案：C。通读全文可知，文章主要在讲述运动和健康的关系。
例题精讲
解题技巧
知识讲解
一、词汇复现法
定义：“词汇复现”是指某一词汇以原词、词形变化、同义词/近义词、反义词、上下义词(上义词是总称词，下义词是被包含的个体或种类。如adult是my father的上义词；coat是clothes 的下义词) 等重复出现在语篇之中。
例：（北京101中学小升初考试）
I asked my headmaster if I could work for the school this summer vacation, so
I could pay my bills. He was a nice man and let me work in the school garden during the ______.
A. afternoon
B. year
C. weekends
D. holidays
答案：D。前文中出现了summer vacation，这里的holiday与其实意思相近。
二、固定搭配法
定义：完形填空以语境考查为主，但也有小部分题目考查语法知识、固定搭配和固定句型，解题过程中我们需要结合所学固定搭配选出正确答案。
例：（北京人大附小升初考试）
The two children _____ and see the bird isn’t in. They’re very angry and put the cat in the cage.
A. come back to home
B. come back home
C. come to home
D. B ack home
答案：B。come back home回家为“固定短语”。
三、上下文推理法
定义：“上下文推理法”是指根据对上下文的语义和整个语篇的理解，进行适当的推理判断，因此需重点注意挖空处的上下文语境，判断清楚所要表达的含义。
例：（北京师达中学小升初考试）
At school the children only do a few minutes of sports. It isn’t good for their _____, either.
A. bodies
B. health
C. school
答案：B。根据上下文推理可知，本文谈论的是运动和健康之间的关系。
四、逻辑推理法
定义：“逻辑推理法”是根据文章的逻辑关系（如因果、并列、让步、转折、时间顺序、目的、条件、选择等）进行适当的推理判断，因此需特别注意挖空处表示逻辑关系的连词（如and表并列，but和however表转折，because、for、so等表因果，first of all、then和finally等表顺序等）。
例：（北京人大附小升初考试）
But the bird is in the cage, she can’t catch it. So she is very _____.
A. angry
B. happy
C. glad
D. tired
答案：A。根据上下文逻辑关系可知，猫抓不到鸟，应该感觉很生气。
五、文化背景常识法
定义：“文化背景常识法”是指完形填空的文章内容往往与我们的文化生活、史地知识、生活
科技等相关，有些内容是我们已经掌握的生活常识，答题时要充分调动相关知识帮助我们分析、推断。事实上，该技巧与“逻辑推断”常常交织在一起的，因为虽有背景常识，仍需简单推理。需注意中外文化的差异性，不能总是用中国人看问题的角度来看待其它国家发生的事情。
例：There are many kinds of animals in the world. Elephants are the 1 animals that live on land.
A. biggest
B. smallest
C. smaller
D. bigger
答案：A。根据常识可知，大象是陆地上最大的动物。
例题精讲
当堂练习
完形填空
练习1.
Jody was ten years old when he decided he needed a job. He thought it might be 1 to raise worms. He could sell them to farmers and people who fished. So in 2 , he bought many worms. But that winter the cold weather killed all the worms because he had not 3 them in a warm place.
The next spring Jody 4 again. He bought more worms, which he took good care of. When winter came, he took them inside 5 they would stay warm. Many people bought his worms.
One day when Jody was twelve, he got a letter. It was from state of New York. The letter said, “Everyone who 6 things has to pay taxes!” Jody made only one dollar selling worms. But he
still 7 to pay part of that money to the state. He told many people in his town what had 8 . Soon some people from a television station 9 with Jody. Many people saw it and they began to write letters to the state. The letters now said that the law was 10 . Finally the law was changed. Children A．boring B．lucky C．fun D．impossible A．autumn B．spring C．winter D．summer A．caught B．found C．hidden D．put
A．tried B．waited C．failed D．practised A．before B．until C．though D．so
A．buys B．sells C．keeps D．presents A．hoped B．wanted C．had D．remembered A．followed B．appeared C．happened D．continued A．talked B．visited C．quarreled D．worked A．common B．unfair C．different D．useless
【答案】CBDADBCCAB
【解析】
题干解析:
当堂总结
出门测
完形填空
练习1.
When you are in England, you must be very careful in the streets 1 the traffic drives 2 the left. 3 you cross a street, you must look to the 4 first and then left.
In the morning and in the evening when people go to or come from work, the streets are very 5 . Traffic is most dangerous then.
When you go by bus in England, you have to be 6 , too. Always remember the traffic moves on the left. So you must be careful. Have a look first, 7 you will go the wrong way. In many English cities, there are big buses 8 two floors. You can sit on the second floor. 9 there you can see the city very 10 . It’s very interesting.
A． so B．but C．however D．because
A． in B．on C．to D．by
A．After B．While C．Before D．But
A．left B．right C．buses D．front
A．busy B．long C．many D．dirty
A． safe B．busy C．dangerous D．careful
A．and B．or C．because D．when
A．with B．in C．on D．for
A．On B．From C．Off D．To
A．well B．good C．fine D．Nice
【答案】DBCBADBABA
【解析】
题干解析:
练习2.
John sent for a doctor because his wife was ill. He called the doctor and made sure
they 1 meet at five. He arrived at the doctor’s at twenty 2 five. He thought, “It’s a little bit earlier. I’ll wait for a moment. It’s good 3 there on time.”