定语从句语法归纳及练习
一、基本概念
（一）定语从句
在复合句中作定语，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
（二）先行词
被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。一般情况下，定语从句紧跟先行词。但也有因各种原因定语从句与先行词被分割的现象。
（三）关系代词和关系副词
定语从句的引导词。与先行词关系密切，因此紧跟先行词，并在定语从句中充当一个成分。关系代词有：who,whom,which,that和whose,另外，as也可充当关系代词。关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、表语和定语。关系副词有：when,where和why。在定语从句中充当状语。
二、关系代词的用法
（一）基本用法
根据先行词的不同，和在从句中所充当的成分不同，选用不同的关系代词。
如下表：
例如：（注意关系代词在定语从句中所充当的成分）
①Doyouknowtheprofessor who/thatwillgiveusaspeechnextweek?（作主语）
②Ireadareportabouthisnewnovel that/whichwillsoonbepublished.（作主语）
③Theplan that/whichtheyarguedabout wassettledatlast.（作宾语）
④Thisisthenewsecretary(who/whom/that)Iwouldliketointroducetoyou.（作宾语）
⑤Thesoldier whoselegswerebadlywounded wasoperatedonwithoutdelay.（作定语）
注意：关系代词在定语从句中充当宾语时可以省略，充当主语时则不能。（见上例③④）（二）关系代词that代替which的一些情况
which,that在代替物时，一般可以通用。
但在有些情况下，只用that。
⑴先行词是最高级形容词或它的前面有最高级形容词修饰时。
例如：
①Thisisthebest thathasbeenusedagainstpollution.
②Englishisthemostdifficultsubject thatyouwilllearnduringtheseyears.
⑵先行词是序数词，或它前面有一个序数词时。
例如：
①Thisisthelastplace(that)Iwanttovisit.
②ItisthefirstAmericanmovieofthiskind that I’veeverseen.
⑶先行词是all,much,little,something,everything,anything,nothing,none等代词时。
例如：
①Youshouldhandinall thatyouhave.
②Wehaven’tgotmuch thatwecanofferyou.
⑷先行词前面有theonly,thevery,any,few,little,no,all,much,every等修饰时。
例如：
①Theonlything thatwecando istogiveyousomemoney.
②Thelittlemoney(that)hehad wasstolen.
（三）宜用who,而不用that的一些情况
⑴先行词是one,ones,anyone时。
例如：
①One whohasnothingtofearforoneself darestotellthetruth.
②Don’ttellanyoneaboutthenews who oughtn’ttoknowit.
⑵先行词是those时。
例如：
①Those whowerenotfitfortheirwork couldnotseethebeautifulclothesmadeofthemagiccloth. （四）其它情况
⑴先行词既有人又有物时。
例如：
①Doyouknowthethingsandpersons thattheyaretalkingabout?
②Thebikeanditsrider thathadrunoveranoldman weretakentothepolicestation.
⑵主句已有疑问词who或which时。
例如：
①Whichisthebike thatyoulost?
②Whoisthewoman thatwaspraisedatthemeeting?
（五）与whose有关的问题
⑴whose是代词的所有格，它既可以代人也可以代物。
例如：
①Isawawoman whosebagwasstolen.
②Pleaseshowmethebook whos e coverisred.
⑵当whose表示物与物的所有格关系时，亦可用ofwhich的形式。
例如：
①Thebuilding whoseroofyoucanseefromhere isanewrestaurant.
→Thebuilding,theroofofwhichyoucanseefromhere,isanewrestaurant.或
→Thebuilding,ofwhichtheroofyoucanseefromhere isanewrestaurant.
三、介词前提的问题
关系代词在定语从句中充当介词宾语时，介词可以前提至关系代词前。
例如：
Haveyouseenthepen(which)Iwrotethenotewithjustnow?（which作介词with的宾语）
→Haveyouseenthepen withwhichIwrotethenotejustnow?
但是，要注意的是：
⑴介词前提后，先行词是人或物，关系代词分别只能用whom和which，而不再用that或who。
⑵介词前提后，关系代词不再能省略。
⑶有些含有介词的短语动词中的介词不能前提，如：lookfor,lookafter,takecareof等。
例如：
①错误：Whoistheoldman tothatyouweretalkingto?
正确：Whoistheoldman towhomyouweretalking?或Whoistheoldman(that/whom)youweretalkingto?
②错误：Thesearethesheep ofwhichtheboytookcare.
正确：Thesearethesheep(which/that)theboytookcareof.
四、关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句中的主谓一致
关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词在人称和数上应与先行词一致。
例如：
①Whoistheguy thatisreadingoverthere?
②Thenumberofpeople thataregoingtotheexhibition isexpectedtobeover25,000.
③Allthatneedstobedone hasbeendone.
④Heisoneofthestudents whousecomputeralotforstudy.
⑤Timmyistheonlyoneofthepupils thathasfailedtheexam.
例③中的all意为“一切”，作单数。例⑤中没通过考试的学生事实上只有一人，因此谓语动词也用单数。
that与which,who,whom的用法区别：
高一定语从句专项练习(1)
1.Theplace_______interestedmemostwastheChildr
en'sPalace.
A.Which
B.where
C.what
D.inwhich
2.Doyouknowtheman_______?
A.whomIspoke
B.towhospoke
C.Ispoketo
D.thatIspoke
3.Thisisthehotel_______lastmonth.
A.whichtheystayed
B.atthattheystayed
C.wheretheystayedat
D.wheretheystayed
4.Doyouknowtheyear______theChineseCommunis
tPartywasfounded?
A.which
B.that
C.when
D.onwhich
5.Thatistheday______I'llneverforget.
A.which
B.onwhich
C.inwhich
D.when 6.Thefactory______we'llvisitnextweekisnotfarfrom
here.
A.where
B.towhich
C.which
D.inwhich
7.Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthefactory____we
areworkingsincethen.
A.where
B.that
C.which
D.there
8.Thisisoneofthebestfilms_______.
A.thathavebeenshownthisyear
B.thathaveshown
C.thathasbeenshownthisyear
D.thatyoutalked
9.Canyoulendmethebook______theotherday?
A.aboutwhichyoutalked
B.whichyoutalked
C.aboutthatyoutalked
D.thatyoutalked
10.Thepen______heiswritingismine.
A.withwhich
B.inwhich
C.onwhich
D.bywhich
11.Theyarrivedatafarmhouse,infrontof______satas
mallboy.
A.whom
B.who
C.which
D.that
12.Theengineer______myfatherworksisabout50yea
rsold.
A.towhom
B.onwhom
C.withwhich
D.withwhom
13.Isthereanyoneinyourclass______familyisinthec
ountry?
A.who
B.who's
C.which
D.whose
14.I'minterestedin______youhavesaid.
A.allthat
B.allwhat
C.that
D.which
15.Iwanttousethesamedictionary______wasusedye
sterday.
A.which
B.who
C.what
D.as
16.Heisn'tsuchaman______heusedtobe.
A.who
B.whom
C.that
D.as
17.HeisgoodatEnglish,______weallknow.
A.that
B.as
C.whom
D.what
18.LiMing,______totheconcertenjoyeditverymuch.
A.Iwentwith
B.withwhomIwent
C.withwhoIwent
D.Iwentwithhim
19.Idon'tlike______asyouread.
A.thenovels
B.thesuchnovels
C.suchnovels
D.samenovels
20.Hetalkedalotaboutthingsandpersons_______the
yrememberedintheschool.
A.which
B.that
C.whom
D.what
21.Theletterisfrommysister,______isworkinginBeij
ing.
A.which
B.that
C.whom
D.who
22.Inourfactorythereare2,000workers,twothirdsof_
___arewomen. A.themB.whichC.whomD.who
23.You'retheonlyperson______I'veevermet______
coulddoit.
A.who;/
B./;whom
C.whom;/
D./;who
24.Ilostabook,______Ican'tremembernow.
A.whosetitle
B.itstitle
C.thetitleofit
D.thetitleofthat
https://www.doczj.com/doc/5d15800040.html,stsummerwevisitedtheWestLake,______Han
gzhouisfamousintheworld.
A.forwhich
B.forthat
C.inwhichDwhat
26.Ihaveboughtsuchawatch_______wasadvertisedo
nTV.
A.that
B.which
C.as
D.it
27.Icanneverforgettheday_______weworkedtogeth
erandtheday______wespenttogether.
A.when;which
B.which;when
C.what;that
D.onwhich;when
28.Theway______helooksatproblemsiswrong.
A.which
B.whose
C.what
D./
29.Thisisthereason______hedidn'tcometothemeetin
g.
A.inwhich
B.withwhich
C.that
D.forwhich
30.Thismachine,______formanyyears,isstillworkin
gperfectly.
A.afterwhichIhavelooked
B.whichIhavelookedafter
C.thatIhavelookedafter
D.Ihavelookedafter
31.Thereason______hedidn'tcomewas______hewa
sill.
A.why;that
B.that;why
C.forthat;hat
D.forwhich;what
32.Heisworkinghard,______willmakehimpassthefi
nalexam.
A.that
B.which
C.forwhich
D.who
33.Thatisnottheway______Idoit.
A./
B.which
C.forwhich
D.withwhich
34.Ihavetwogrammars,______areofgreatuse.
A.allofwhich
B.eitherofwhich
C.bothofthat
D.bothofwhich
35.Iwanttousethesametools_______usedinyourfact
oryafewdaysago.
A.aswas
B.whichwas
C.aswere
D.which
36.Myneighboursusedtogivemeahandintimeoftroub
le,_______wasverykindofthem.
A.who
B.which
C.that
D.it
37.Thisisthemagazine_______Icopiedtheparagraph
.
A.that
B.which
C.fromthat
D.fromwhich
38.Heisnotsuchaman_______wouldleavehisworkh
alfdone.
A.that
B.which
C.who
D.as
39.Youcandependonwhateverpromise_______hem
akes.
A./
B.why
C.when
D.whose
40.Smoking,_______isabadhabit,is,however,popul
ar.
A.that
B.which
C.it
D.though
41.---Didyouasktheguard_______happened?
---Yes,hetoldmeall_______heknew.
A.what;that
B.what;what
C.which;which
D.that;that
42.Ishallneverforgetthoseyears_______Ilivedonthe
farmwiththefarmers,_______hasagreateffecton mylife.
A.when;who
B.that;which
C.which;that
D.when;whi
ch 43.Thenumberofthepeoplewho_______cars______
_increasing.
A.owns;are
B.owns;is
C.own;is
D.own;are
44.Duringthedays________,heworkedasaservantatt
heBrowns.
A.followed
B.following
C.tofollow
D.thatfollowe
d
45.Isoxygentheonlygas_______helpsfireburn?
A.that
B./
C.which
D.it
46.Thecleverboymadeaholeinthewall,_______heco
uldsee_____wasgoingoninsidehouse.
A.which;what
B.throughwhich;what
C.throughthat;what
D.what;that
47.Is_______someGermanfriendsvisitedlastweek?
A.thisschool
B.thistheschool
C.thisschoolone
D.thisschoolwhere
48.Johngotbeateninthegame,_______hadbeenexpec
ted.
A.as
B.that
C.what
D.who
49.Ihaveboughttwoballpens,_______writeswell.
A.noneofthem
B.neitherofthem
C.neitherofwhich
D.noneofwhich
50.Allthatcanbeeaten_______eatenup.
A.arebeing
B.hasbeen
C.hadbeen
D.havebeen
高一定语从句专项练习（2）
1.Nearlyallthestreetsareinstraightlines,________fro
measttowest.Those________runfromnorthtos
outharecalledavenues.
A.running;that
B.run;who
C.running;who
D.run;that
2.Thisisthecase________he’shadallhismoney stolen
.
A.when
B.where
C.that
D.onwhich
3.Mr.SmithwillpayavisittoBeijingthisautumn,____
____wewillenjoytheOlympicGamesin2008.
A.where
B.when
C.which
D.how
4.Theartistwillnotpaintpeopleoranimalsbuthewillpa
intanything________.
A.thatthelittlegirlaskshim
B.thelittlegirlaskshimt o
C.forthelittlegirltoaskhim
D.whatthelittlegirlasks him 5.—Howdidyougetintouchwiththetravelagent,Robi n?
—Oh,that’seasy.IsurfedtheInternetandthencalledo ne________thetelephonenumberisprovided.
A.which
B.inwhich
C.ofwhich
D.whose
6.October15thismybirthday,________Iwillneverfor get.
A.when
B.that
C.what
D.which
7.Thetreatmentwillcontinueuntilthepatientreachest
hepoint________hecanwalkcorrectlyandsafely .
A.when
B.where
C.which
D.whose
8.ThereareseveralresearchcentersinChina________
acertaindiseasecalledBirdFluisbeingstudied.
A.which
B.where
C.when
D.what
9.Ihopethatthelittle________Ihavebeenabletododoe
sgoodtothemall.
A.which
B.what
C.that
D.when
10.Thetimeisnotfaraway________moderncommuni
cationswillbecomewidespreadinChina’svastco
untryside.
A.as
B.when
C.until
D.before
11.________isknowntoeverybody,Taiwanisapartof
China.Wemustunifyit.
A.It
B.As
C.Which
D.What
12.Ishallneverforgettheday________ShenZhouVw
aslaunched,________hasagreateffectonmylife.
A.when,which
B.that,which
C.which,that
D.when, that
13.Thebreadmywifemakesismuchbetterthan______
__youcanbuyatastore.
A.thatwhich
B.onethat
C.thatofwhich
D.thisofwhich
14.Thereisnosuchplace_____youdreamofinallthisw orld.
A.that
B.what
C.which
D.as
15.Thepeople,________hadbeendamagedbythefloo
d,weregivenhelpbytheRedCross.
A.allwhosehomes
B.allofwhosehomes
C.alltheirhomes
D.alloftheirhomes
16.Thehumansaredestroyingnaturedaybyday,ofcour
se,willcauseseverepunishmentfromitsoonerorl
ater.
A.who
B.when
C.onwhich
D.which
17.Isthisresearchcenter________youvisitedthemod
ernequipmentlastyear?
A.where
B.that
C.theonethat
D.theonewhere
18.Somepicturesoftheriverbroughtthedaysbacktoth
eold________theyswaminit.
A.when
B.that
C.who
D.where
19.Themanshowedussoheavyastone________noma ncanlift.
A.that
B.as
C.which
D.and
20.Hestayedthereforquitealongtime,during_______
_timehelearnedmuchspokenEnglish.
A.that
B.this
C.which
D.Same
（4）真题回顾
1.Wewentthroughaperiod_____communicationswe reverydifficultinruralareas.(2008上海)
A.which
B.whose
C.inwhich
D.withwhich
2.Humanfacialexpressionsdifferfromthoseofanimal sinthedegree_____theycanbecontrolledonpurpos e.(2007重庆)
A.withwhich
B.towhich
C.ofwhich
D.forwhich
3.AnimalssufferedatthehandsofMan______theywer edestroyedbypeopletomakewayforagriculturalha dtoprovidefoodformorepeople.(2008江西)
A.inwhich
B.forwhich
C.sothat
D.inthat
4.Somechildrenwanttochallengethemselvesbylearni ngalanguagedifferentfrom______theirparentsspe akathome.(2008浙江)
A.what
B.that
C.which
D.one
5.Youcanonlybesureof_____youhaveatpresent;you
cannotbesureofsomething_____youmightgetin thefuture.(2007
A.that;what
B.what;/
C.which;that
D./;that
6.Women_____drinkmorethantwocupsofcoffeeada yhaveagreaterchanceofhavingheartdiseasethanth ose_____don’t.(2006北京)
A.who,/
B./;who
C.who,who
D./;/
7.TheBeatles_____manyofyouareoldenoughtoreme mber
camefromLivepool.(2006)
A.what
B.that
C.how
D.as 8.Inanhour,wecantraveltoplaces_____wouldhaveta kenourancestorsdaystoreach.(2006上海)
A.where
B.when
C.which
D.what
9.Isawawomanrunningtowardmeinthedark.BeforeI couldrecognizewhoshewas,shehadrunbackinthed irection________shehadcome.（2006重庆卷）
A.ofwhich
B.bywhich
C.inwhich
D.fromwhich
10.Lookout!Don’tgettooclosetothehouse______roo
fisunderrepair.(2006福建)
A.whose
B.which
C.ofwhich
D.that
11.–Mom,whatdidyourdoctorsay?
－Headvisedmetolive____theairisfresher.(2006四川)
A.inwhere
B.inwhich
C.theplacewhere
D.where
12.Theschoolsthemselvesadmitthatnotallchildrenwi
llbesuccessfulinthejobs______theyarebeingtrai
ned.(2005江西
A.inthat
B.forthat
C.inwhich
D.forwhich
13.TheEnglishplay____mystudentsactedattheNew
Year’spartywasagreatsuccess.(2004全国)
A.forwhich
B.atwhich
C.inwhich
D.onwhich
14.GeorgeOrwell,____wasEricArthur,wrotemanyp
oliticalnovelsandessays.(2004全国)
A.therealname
B.whathisrealname
C.hisrealname
D.whoserealname
15.Thefactoryproduceshalfamillionpairsofshoeseve
ryyear,80%________aresoldabroad.(2004辽宁) A.ofwhich B.whichof C.ofthemD.ofthat
初中英语定语从句专项练习题与答案详解(第2套) 1.The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace. A. Which B. where C. what D. in which 2.Do you know the man _______? A. whom I spoke B. to who spoke C. I spoke to D. that I spoke 3.This is the hotel _______last month. A. which they stayed B. at that they stayed C. where they stayed at D. where they stayed 4.Do you know the year ______the Chinese Communist Party was founded? A. which B. that C. when D. on which 5.That is the day ______I'll never forget. A. which B. on which C. in which D. when 6.The factory ______we'll visit next week is not far from here. A. where B. to which C. which D. in which 7.Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _______we are working. A. where B. that C. which D. there 8.This is one of the best films _______. A. that have been shown this year B. that have shown C. that has been shown this year D. that you talked 9.Can you lend me the book ______the other day? A. about which you talked B. which you talked C. about that you talked D. that you talked 10.The pen ______he is writing is mine. A. with which B. in which C. on which D. by which 11.They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ______sat a small boy. A. whom B. who C. which D. that 12.The engineer ______my father works is about 50 years old. A. to whom B. on whom C. with which D. with whom 13.It there anyone in your class ______family is in the country? A. who B. who's C. which D. whose 14.I'm interested in ______you have said. A. all that B. all what C. that D. which 15.I want to use the same dictionary ______was used yesterday. A. which B. who C. what D. as 16.He isn't such a man ______he used to be. A. who B. whom C. that D. as 17.He is good at English, ______we all know. A. that B. as C. whom D. what 18.Li Ming, ______to the concert enjoyed it very much. A. I went with B. with whom I went C. with who I went D.I went with h im
题组一基础过关 I.单句语法填空 1. Ellen was a painter of birds and of nature, ________, for some reason, had withdrawn from all human society. 2. Care of the soul is a gradual process in ________ even the small details of life should be considered. 3. That evening, ________ I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late. 4. Happiness and success often come to those ________ are good at recognizing their own strengths. 5. Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012, ________ made one of the Chinese people’s long-held dreams come true. 6. The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China, ________ he remembers starting as early as his childhood. 7. Finally he reached a lonely island ________ was completely cut off from the outside world. II. 用适当的关系词填空 1. Do you remember the scene ________ Cao Cao and Liu Bei were drinking? 2. I walked up to the top of the hill with my friends, we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake. 3. I will never forget the days ________ I was taken good care of in that village. 4. Do you know the reason John is so angry? 5. None of us know the reason ________ Tom was absent from the meeting. 6. The reason he explained at the meeting for his absence didn’t make sense. 7. I still remember the night she left the house. 8. However, this was a time one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg. 9. Today we have reached a stage we have almost no rights at all. 10. The days are gone physical strength was all you needed to make a living. 题组二能力提升 I．单项填空 ( ) 1.This year’s children’s party, ________ some parents were invited to, was a great success. A.which B.why C.whose D.where ( ) 2.The death of the closest relatives, ________ almost every one of us has experienced, always makes people feel bitter and unbearable. A.which B.who C.as D.the one ( ) 3.—Have you heard any news about Sarah? —Yes, she was promoted to president of her company, ________ surprised everyone.
Before the 17th century, most of the native English speakers lived in England. After the 17th century, British people began to move to other ___66___ (country). Gradually, English was spoken there. At present ___67___ (many) people speak English as their first, second or a foreign language than ever before. ___68___ (luck), native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English. English ___69___ (change) and developed when cultures met and communicated with each other over the past centuries. The English ___70___ (speak) in England between about AD450 and 1150 was very different ___71___ the modern English we speak today. It was the new settlers that enriched the English language and ___72___ (especial) its vocabulary. The English language was settled by the 19th century ___73___ two big changes in English spelling happened. English now is also spoken as a foreign ___74___second language in South Asia. China may have the ___75___ (large) number of English learners. 66.【答案】countries 【解析】考查名词。country是可数名词，此处由other修饰用复数形式，指其他的国家。故填countries. 67. 【答案】more 【解析】考查比较级。根据句中的than ever before可知含有和以前比较的意思，要用比较级表示更多的人，故填more. 68. 【答案】Luckily 【解析】考查副词。此处单独使用作状语要用副词形式，指“幸运的是”，故填Luckily. 69. 【答案】has changed 【解析】考查时态。根据句意和时间状语over the past centuries可知与现在完成时连用，主语是单数，故填has changed. 70. 【答案】spoken 【解析】考查过去分词。English和动词speak是被动关系，此处是过去分词作定语，故填spoken. 71. 【答案】from 【解析】考查固定短语。be different from“和…不同”，是固定短语。故填from. 72. 【答案】especially 【解析】考查副词。especial是形容词“特殊的，特别的”；especially是副词“尤其，特别”。
定语从句专项训练附详细参考答案 I 选择最佳答案: 1.The silk _______ is made in Hangzhou sells well. A. that B.who C. what D. / 2.The man_______today left this message for you. A.called B.has called C.whom called D.who called 3.Do you live near the building ______colour is yellow? A. that B.which C.whose D. its 4.He helped his father on the farm ______they lived. A. which B.that C.when D. where 5.I’m one of the boys_____never late for school. A.that is B.who is C.who are D.who am 6.All_____should be done has been done. A.what B.which C.that D.whatever 7.Jack told me everything _______he knew about it. A. what B.that C.which D.who 8.My father works in the factory ______this type of truck is made. A.in where B.in which C.from which D.of which 9.The school_______we visited last week was built in 1956. A./ B.where C.that D.both A and C 10.This is one of the best films_______I have ever seen. A.which B.that C.of which D.of that 11.In fact the Swede did not understand the three questions_______were asked in French. A.where B.who C.in which D.which 12.He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most of ______ hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year. A.these B.those C.that D.which 13.His parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone ________family was poor. A.of whom B.whom C.of whose D.whose 14.All_______is needed is a supply of oil. A.the thing B.that C.what D.which 15.In the dark street ,there wasn’t a single person _____she could turn for help. A.that B.who C.from whom D.to whom 16.She heard a terrible noise,______brought her heart into her mouth. A.it B.which C.this D.that II 用适当的关系词填空： 1) I’ll never forget the day on ________ they met for the very first time last summer. 2) This is the place _________ he so often mentioned to me. 3) The only thing ________ interested him was that he could do anything _________ he wanted to. 4) “What a scientist! What wonderful invention!” he talked excitedly about Bill Gates and his Microsoft Company _________ is now a focus (焦点) of newspapers and television. 5) He is old, ________ fact is important in this case.
高中英语语法通霸1. 句子结构成分分析主语谓语宾语定语状语补语定语
英语的句子成分主要有六种：即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。（可以熟记为：主谓宾，定状补）除了这六种主要成分之外，还有“表语”和“同位语”的说法。但表语和系动词一起作谓语，因此划分成分时，划分在谓语上。同位语分为主语同位语和宾语同位语，属于主语或宾语的一部分。 考点1.划分句子成分时的常用符号 英语中划分句子成分的符号 主语在下面画直线 谓语在下面画曲线 宾语在下面画双横线 定语在下面画虚线（一行点使我们想到一排钉子，“钉”谐音为“定语”的“定”） 状语下面为短横线（短横线使我们想到短木桩，木桩撞（状）钟） 补语上一短横，下一短横（下一短横好像是为了弥补上面短横间的空隙） 同位语上下双曲线（都有曲折，上下位置基本相同） 考点1.主语 主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首，通常由名词性的词来充当。 可以作主语的词性或语法结构： 1. 名词 2. 代词 3. 数词 4. 不定式 5. 动名词 6. 主语从句等表示。 7. 名词化的形容词（如the rich） 在英语中，形容词、副词和介词短语是不能作主语的。如果它们在句首时，句子可能是倒装句，真正的主语在后面。 On the desk are some books. (主语是books，所以用are) Down jumps the boy. (主语是the boy，所以用jumps ) Gone are the days. (主语是the days，所以用are) 练习1.在下面句子的主语下面画横线，并说出由什么充当。 1.During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular. 2.We often speak English in class. 3.One-third of the students in this class are girls. 4.To swim in the river is a great pleasure. 5.Smoking does harm to the health.
高一英语语法填空专题练习 (10篇) （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 一 once there lived a rich man 31 wanted to do something for the people of his town. 32 first he wanted to find out whether they deserved his help. In the centre of the main road into the town, he placed 33 very large stone. Then he 34 (hide ) behind a tree and waited. Soon an old man came along with his cow.“Who put this stone in the centre of the road?” said the old man, but he did not try to remove the stone. Instead, with some difficulty he passed around the stone and continued on his way. 35 man came along and did the same thing; then another came ,and another. All of them complained about the stone but not tried to remove 36 . Late in the afternoon a young man came along. He saw the stone, 37 (say) to himself: “The night 38 (be) very dark. Some neighbors will come along later in the dark and will fall against the stone.” Then he began to move the stone. He pushed and pulled with all his 39 (strong) to move it. How great was his surprise at last! 40 the stone, he found a bag of money. 二· Crying marriage? 31 (surprise), isn’t it? Factually, the custom of crying marriage existed a long time ago in many areas of Southwest China’s Sichuan Province, and 32 (remain) in fashion 33 the end of the Qing Dynasty. Though not so popular as before, the custom is still observed by people in many places, especially Tujia people, who view it as a 34 (necessary) to marriage procedure. It is very much 35 same in different places of the province. According to elderly people, every bride had to cry at the wedding. 36 , the bride’s neighbors would look down upon 37 as a poorly cultivated girl and she would become the laughingstock of the village. In fact, there were cases 38 which the bride was beaten by her mother for not crying at the wedding ceremony. In a word, crying at wedding is a 39 by custom to set off the happiness of the wedding through falsely sorrowful words. However, in the 40 (arrange) marriages of the old days of China, there were indeed quite a lot of brides who cried over their unsatisfactory marriage and even their miserable life. 三 In order to know a foreign language thoroughly, four things are neccessary. Firstly, we must understand the language when we hear ______31________spoken.. Secondly, we must be able to speak it correctly with confidence and without hesitation. _____32_______ ,we must be able to read the language , and fourthly, we must be able to write it. We must be able to make sentences that are grammatically correct. There is no easy way to success _____33_______ language learning. _____34________ good memory is of great help, but it is not enough only _____35________(memorize) rules from a grammar book. It is not much use learning by heart long list of words and ______36_________meaning, studying the dictionary
英语定语从句专项训练100(附答案) 一、定语从句 1．–Why are you so worried? -I’ve lost the watch ______ my dad bought me on my birthday. A．what B．who C．whose D．which 【答案】D 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】 句意：——你为什么如此担心？——我把那块我生日时爸爸买给我的手表弄丢了。考查定语从句，先行词是watch表示物，故关系代词只能用which或that；what不引导定语从句；who的先行词是人；whose表示所属；故选D。 2．That was his first invention. It was a machine ________ clothes. A．that used to wash B．which was used to washing C．which got used to washing D．that was used to wash 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 句意：那是他的第一个发明。那是一台用来洗衣服的机器。本题考查的是be used to do sth. “被用于做某事”的用法，而不是be/get used to doing sth. “习惯于做某事”的用法，排除 B/C；再由That was his first invention.可知，本题是过去时，因此在that引导的定语从句中，应该用一般过去时的被动句。was used to wash被用来洗衣服，语境是：那是一台被用来洗衣服的机器。故选D。 3．The leaders from eight countries attended the Shanghai cooperation organization summit in Qingdao got the welcome of the Chinese people. A．whom B．what C．who D．which 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 句意：出席上海合作组织青岛峰会的8国领导人受到中国人民的欢迎。考查关系代词辨析。what不是关系词，可排除。whom和who都用于先行词是人时，但whom用作宾语，who用作主语或宾语；which用于先行词是物时。本句先行词The leaders是人，可排除which；关系词在从句中做主语，可排除whom。根据句意结构和语境，可知选C。 4．– Do you like the weekly talk show The Readers on CCTV? –Sure. It’s a great TV program can develop the habit of reading.
定语从句专项练习2018.1.16 1. The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace. A. Which B. where C. what D. in which 2. Do you know the man _______? A. whom I spoke B. to who spoke C. I spoke to D. that I spoke 3. This is the hotel _______last month. A. which they stayed B. at that they stayed C. where they stayed at D. where they stayed 4. Do you know the year ______the Chinese Communist Party was founded? A. which B. that C. when D. on which 5. That is the day ______I'll never forget. A. which B. on which C. in which D. when 6. The factory ______we'll visit next week is not far from here. A. where B. to which C. which D. in which 7. Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _______we are working. A. where B. that C. which D. there 8. This is one of the best films _______. A. that have been shown this year B. that have shown C. that has been shown this year D. that you talked 9. Can you lend me the book ______the other day? A. about which you talked B. which you talked C. about that you talked D. that you talked 10. The pen ______he is writing is mine. A. with which B. in which C. on which D. by which 11. They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ______sat a small boy. A. whom B. who C. which D. that 12. The engineer ______my father works is about 50 years old. A. to whom B. on whom C. with which D. with whom 13. It there anyone in your class ______family is in the country? A. who B. who's C. which D. whose 14. I’m interested in ______you have said. A. all that B. all what C. that D. which 15. I want to use the same dictionary ______was used yesterday. A. which B. who C. what D. as 16. He isn't such a man ______he used to be.
背诵这些句子，英语语法再也不用愁了！ It句型 1. It is/has been 3 years since he got married. 他结婚3年了。 2. It will be 3 years /a long time before everything returns to normal. （将）要3年/很长时间一 切才恢复原状。 3. It was 3 hours before the fire was put out. 过了三个小时大火才被扑灭。 4. It won’t be long before he comes back. 不会要很久他就会回来的。 5. It/This is/was the first(second) time (that) I have been/had been here. 这是我第一（二）次我 来 6. It makes no difference to me when the sports meeting will be held. 运动会什么时候举行对我说无关紧要。 7. Two many students find it difficult to get into the classroom on time in the morning. 太多学生觉得早上按时到校很难。 9. It was Oct 1st, 1949 when PRC was founded. 中华人民共和国成立的时间是 10. It was on Oct 1st, 1949 that China was founded. 中华人民共和国就是在1949年10月1日 成立的。 虚拟语气 11. If I were you, I wouldn’t help him. 如果我是你，我就不会帮他。（与现在） 12. If it were to rain tomorrow, I wouldn’t go for the picnic. If it should rain… If it rained …如果明天下雨，我就不去野餐。（与将来） 13. If you had come earlier, you would have met him. 如果你早一点来你就会遇上他了。（与过 去） 14. (How)I wish I knew the answer now, but I don’t know. 我希望我现在知道答案。（wish） 15. (How)I wish I had known the answer, but I didn’t know. 我希望我当时知道答案，但我不知道。 （wish） 16. I would rather you had finished your homework. 我宁愿你已经完成了作业。（would rather） I would rather (that) you came to see me tomorrow. 我宁愿你明天来看我。 I would rather (that) you left now. 我宁愿你现在就离开。 17. If only I had been to Beijing. 要是我去过北京就好了。（if only） 18. If you had taken/followed the doctor’s advice, you would recover now. 如果你听了医生的劝告，你现在就康复了。（混用） 19. He suggested that we (should) put the meeting forward. His accent suggested that he came fro m Hubei. 他建议我们提前开会，他的口音暗示他来自湖北。（宾从中虚拟与陈述） 20. What is required at the meeting is that the night school (should)be set up by October 1. 会议上提出的要求是夜校要在10月1号前建立。 21. He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he would have scored a goal. 他在进球之前犹豫了一下，要不然，球就进了。 情态动词
高中英语语法易错题专题复习练习 1. My uncle bought me ___ MP4 as my birthday present yesterday. A. an B. a C. the D. / 【答案】A 【解析】此题题意为“叔叔昨天给我买了一个MP4 作为生日礼物”，故答案在A 和B 中选择，MP4 的首字母M 发音为元音，和首字母M 是辅音没有关系，故答案为A。 2. We decided to buy the flat because there was ____ underground station within walking distance and we could both take ___ underground to work. A. a, an B. an, an C. the, \ D. an, the 【答案】D 【解析】此题第一个空根据句意判断有一个地铁站，又根据underground 的发音 判断首字母发元音，故答案为an；第二个空考查乘地铁的两种说法by underground & take an underground，但是此处考查的是特指乘公寓附近的这个地铁去上班， 故要填the，综合两空答案为D 3. Gold is similar __ color ___ brass（黄铜）.
A. in, with B. in, to C. of, with D. of, to 【答案】B 【解析】此题考查similar 的搭配， A be similar to B ，相似于 A be the same with B，有一定混淆性，另外表达在某方面相似，搭配介词in，故答案为B。 4. What a dangerous scene! A car has missed the boy playing on the roadside __ only an inch. A. within B. for C. by D. at 【答案】C 【解析】本题题意为“一辆车差一点撞到那个在路边玩耍的男孩”，容易误导学生错选 A ，表示在一英寸以内，而真实意思是差一英尺，在英语中表示增长、降低、或者差距的正确表达是by+数字，故答案为C。 5. The girl has some balloons in her hand. One is red, ___ are yellow. A. others B. another C. the other D. the rest 【答案】D 【解析】此题题意为“那个女孩手上有一些气球，一个是红色的，其余的是黄色
高中英语复习专题：定语从句 一．概述 She is the girl who likes singing . 她是个喜欢唱歌的女孩。 ↓ ↓ ↘ 先行词 引导词 定语从句 定语从句：在句中作定语，修饰主句中的一个名词或代词，通常出现在先行词之后，由引导词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。只作整个句子的一个成份，起修饰和说明的作用。 关系代词：在从句中可作主语、宾语或定语 关系副词：在从句中作地点、时间或原因状语 结构： 主句的先行词 + 引导词（关系代词或关系副词）引导的定语从句 ↓ ↓ 二. 关系代词who, whom, whose, that, which, as 的基本用法 1. who ：在从句中作主语，只可指人 ①The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.
经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。（作主语） ②Anyone who breaks the law should be punished.任何犯法的人都应受到惩罚。（作主语） 2. whom：who的宾格，在从句中作宾语，只可指人 ①Who is the teacher whom Li Ming is talking to？正在与李明谈话的老师是谁？ ②The professor whom you are waiting for has come. 你正在等的教授已经来了。 3. whose：属格，在从句中作定语，可指人或物。 ①Who is the girl whose father is a doctor? 父亲是医生的那个女孩是谁？ ②I want the book whose cover is red. 我要封面是红色的那本书。 ③I once lived in the house whose roof has fallen in. 我曾经住在那幢屋顶已经倒塌了的房子里。 【★】指人/物时，常用下列结构来代替whose+n.= the+n.+of which/ the+n.+of whom 或of which+the+n./ of whom+the+n. ①她就是我们班上发音最好的学生。 She is the student whose pronunciation is the best in our class. the pronunciation of whom is the best in our class. of whom the pronunciation is the best in our class. ②你看到窗户破了的房子吗？ Do you notice the house whose window is broken? the window of which is broken? of which the window is broken? 4. that：作主语、★宾语（可省略），可指人或物 ①Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。（that作主语） ②China is not the country that she used to be.中国已经不是过去的中国了。(that作主语) ③The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。（that作宾语可省略） 5. which：作主语、★宾语（可省略），指物 ①Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 足球是大多数男孩所喜欢的运动。（作主语） ②The film （which）we saw last night was wonderful. 我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。（作宾语） ③This is the pen (which ) he bought yesterday. 这是他昨天买的钢笔。（作宾语）