il
Passage 2
Today, supermarkets are found in almost every large city in the world. But the first supermarket was opened only fifty years ago. It was opened in New York by a man named Michael Cullen.
A Supermarket is different from other types of stores in several ways. In supermarkets, goods are placed on open shelves. The customers choose what they want and take them to the check-out counter(付款台). This means that fewer employees are required than in other stores. The way products are displayed(陈列)is another difference between supermarkets and many other types of stores. For example, in supermarkets, there is usually a display of small inexpensive items just in front of the check-out counter: candies, chocolates, magazines, cheap books and so on. Why are they there?
Most customers why go to supermarkets buy from a shopping list. They know exactly what they need to buy. They shop according to a plan. By the time they reach the check-out counter, the customers are feeling pleased and relaxed because the task of shopping is finished . In this happy mood, the customers see an attractive display of inexpensive goods that were not on their shopping lists. Now they feel like buying something just for their own pleasure and enjoyment. Many customers buy from these displays of products near the check-out counter, and this is exactly what the owner of the supermarket hopes they will go.
Another important fact in helping a customer choose what to buy is where a product is placed on a shelf. A product that is placed at eye level on a shelf sells much better than one which is based on a lower or higher shelf. A product which is easy to see sells best. Manufactures pay a higher price to have their products placed at eye level on the shelves.
The comfort and convenience of shopping centers is another factor which makes them popular with customers. Large parking spaces are provided, and many supermarkets stay open until very late at night.
6. According to the passage, which statement is NOT true？
A. The first supermarket was opened only half a century ago.
B. A supermarket is different from other kinds of stores in two ways
C. The first supermarket was opened in New York.
D. Today supermarkets are found almost every big city.
7. A product that is placed ______ sells best.
A. as high as one’s eyes
B. as high as one’s waist
C. on a lower shelf
D. on a higher shelf
8. According to the passage, which statement is true?
A．Supermarkets need more clerks than other stores.
B. In supermarkets goods are placed on closed shelves
C. The customers prefer supermarkets to other kinds of stores.
D. The customers pay any clerk they meet for what they have bought in
supermarkets
9. Why do you think shopping centers attract more customers than other kinds of
stores?
A．They have large parking lots and they stay open until almost midnight.
B. They have more kinds of goods.
C. They have few employees.
D. They display small inexpensive items in front of check-out counters.
10. According to the way small inexpensive items are displayed, we can infer that
the owner of a supermarket has a good knowledge of ______.
A. physiology
B. biology
C. psychology
D. biophysics
Passage 3
How men first learned to invent words is unknown, in other words, the
origin of language is a mystery. All we really know is that men, unlike animals, somehow invented certain sounds to express thoughts and feelings, actions and things, so that they could communicate with each other, and the later they agreed upon certain signs called letters. Which would be combine and represent those sounds and which could be written down. Those sounds, whether spoken or written in letters, we call words.
The power of words, then lies in their associations-the things they ring up before our minds. Words become filled with meaning for us by experience;
and the longer we live. the more certain words recall to us the glad and sad events of our past; and the more we read and learn, the more the number of words that mean something to us increases.
Great writers are those who not only have great thoughts but also express these thoughts in words which appeal powerfully to our minds and emotions.
This charming use of words is what we call literary style. Above all, the real poet is a master of words. He can convey his meaning in words which sing like music and which by their position and association. We should, therefore, learn to choose our words carefully and use them accurately, or they will make
our speech silly and vulgar.
46. The origin of language is ____.
A. a legend handed down from the past
B. a question difficult to answer
C. a problem not yet solved
D. a matter that is hidden or secret
47. One of the reasons why men invented certain words to express thoughts
and actions was that ____.
A. they could communicate with each other
B. they could agree on certain sings
C. they could combine them
D. they could write them down
48. The real power of words exists in their ____.
A. properties
B. peculiarity
C. characteristics
D. representative function
49. In expressing their thoughts, great writers are able____.
A. to confound the readers
B. to move men to tear
C. to move us to action
D. to confuse our feelings
50. Which of the following statements about the real poet is NOT true?
A. His style is always charming.
B. His poems can move men to tears.
C. He is no more than a master of words.
D. He can convey his ideas in words which sing like music.
2002年
Passage 1
Australia ' s population passed 18 million for the first time in March this year. But as Australia grows, environment groups yesterday urged the
government to develop a national population policy to avoid severe
environmental degradation(恶化) .Australian Bureau of Statistics ( ABS)
research shows the birth or arrival of 68,700 new Australians in the year
to March pushed the population t0 18 ,000 ,500.
Victoria 's population increased by 23 ,000 t0 4. 5 million in the year to March. The ABS also forecast the population would reach 20 million by
2006 and 24 million by 2033.
Australia reached its first million in 1858.
While immigration was responsible for a large part of the population
booms in the past, over the last five years new born made up 68 percent of
the l million increase in population.
Australia has one of the lowest population growth rates in the region,
with New Zealand growing at l.4 percent. Indonesia at l. 7 percent and PNG
at 2 percent, ABS spokesman Mr.John Paice said.
Australians for an Ecologically Sustainable Population; a group of 560 academics, scientists and public, yesterday urged the government to develop
a sustainable population strategy to avoid further land and water degradation.
National ALP president Barry Jones last year chaired a parliamentary
inquiry into what population levels Australia could reach without risking serious pollution and degradation problems.
Many of the opinions to the inquiry suggested a population limit of 17-23 million. The government was expected to respond to the Jones report by July ,
but did not.
CSIRO research scientist Dr. Dong Cocks agreed the government needed to develop a population policy.
“With population size (in Australia) doubling every 40 t0 50 years ,
we would need another couple of Melboumes and Sydney' s by 2050 ,”Dr. Cocks
said.
Notes: ABS 澳大利亚统计局 PNG巴布亚新几内亚
ALP澳大利亚工党 CSIRO联邦科学-——工业研究组织
31. As population grows, environment experts may be concerned about all the
following except ______.
A. water resources
B. food supplying
C. housing
D. radioactive pollution
32. From the passage we may infer that ______.
A. Victoria's population growth rate was higher than the average rate.
B. In the year to March, the new arrivals were more than new borns in
Victoria.
C. Five years ago, new borns were more than new arrivals in Victoria
D. Victoria's population always grew faster than that of any other state.
33. Australia’s population growth rate is______.
A. higher than 2 percent
B. higher than l.4 percent but lower than l. 7 percent
C. higher than l.7 percent but lower than 2 percent
D. lower than 1.4 percent
34. According to the ABS' forecast, by the year of 2006 Australia's population
will increase______.
A. 20 million
B. 2 million
C. 4 million
D. 24 million
35. Which of the following statements is true?
A. Australia is planning to build another Melbourne and Sydney.
B. The Australian government has paid great attention to the public opinion
about population control.
C. The Australian government has developed a successful population policy.
D. At present, the environmental problems in Australia are not very serious
yet.
Passage 2
Learn More in Five Days Than Some Managers Learn in Forty Weeks
—— Interpersonal Skills for Senior Managers.
People management skills are the most important skills a manager can develop. What differentiates the leader from a manager is that the leader has acquainted not just the technical and strategic skills but has the interpersonal skills to make things happen.
No doubt on your way up through the ranks, you have come across managers who---while they may be very good at other aspects of their job ---- are decidedly lacking in interpersonal skills. And you know ,and they have been told, that their future will be affected greatly by this lack of human skills.
This program is totally devoted to developing those managerial skills in people on their way to the top. It covers motivating, assessing, rewarding, leading and developing people. Very simple models of interpersonal relationships are used to focus attention on understanding one ' s own behavior, its impact on others, understanding the goals of others and integrating a group into a winning team.
Professor John Hunt, Program Director, deliberately limits the number of people on this program to guarantee personal attention between tutors and participants. To match the content precisely to your needs, we ask you to do some pre-course work which includes a survey of those who work with you. This data is linked to our own large databank on how effective managers
operate. We then work with you to develop your own specific goals as a manager.
36. How long is the course program?
A. Five days
B. Ten weeks
C. Forty weeks
D. Not mentioned
37. The course is intended for managers who ____.
A. want to strengthen their leadership
B. want to improve their strategic and technical skills
C. lack managerial skills in general
D. lack human management skills
38. Some managers will not be promoted simply because ____.
A. they are lacking in management strategies
B. they are not good at interpersonal skills
C. they cannot improve their technical skills
D. they cannot go up through the ranks
39. What is not true of a leader?
A. He understands the impact of his own behavior
B. He understands the goals of other people
C. He understands his attention on other people's behavior
D. He knows how to motivate people
40. According to the last paragraph. which of the following is true?
A. Tutors will make a survey of the participants
B. The participants will finish a survey as a course project
C. The number of participants is restricted
D. Effective managers will present lectures for participants
Passage 3
Very high waves are destructive when they strike the land.
Fortunately , this seldom happens. One reason is that out at sea, waves moving in one direction almost always run into waves moving in a different direction. The two sets of waves tend to cancel each other out. Another reason is that water is shallower near the shore. As a wave gets closer to land, the shallow bottom helps reduce its strength.
But the power of waves striking the shore can still be very great.
During a winter gale, waves sometimes strike the shore with the force of 6,000 pounds for each square foot. That means a wave, 25 feet high and 500 feet long it face, may strike the shore with a force of 75 million pounds.
Yet the waves. no matter how big or how violent , affect only the surface of the sea. During the most raging storms, the water a hundred fathoms (600 feet) beneath the surface is just as calm as a day without
a breath of wind.
41. According to the passage, destruction caused by high waves occurs
_____ .
A. regularly
B. rarely
C. always
D. predictably
42. We know from this passage that out at sea , when waves going in opposite
directions meet , their force ______.
A. causes great damage
B. is liable to lessen
C. extends to the ocean floor
D. increase rapidly
43. It' s clear from the passage that coastal depth ______.
A. is the only factor influencing the strength of high waves
B. influences the power of high waves
C. has no influence upon the strength of very high waves
D. is irrelevant to the question of the power of high waves
44. From the second paragraph of the passage we know that the power of very
high waves striking the shore is______.
A. constant
B. equalized
C. variable
D. perpetual
45. From your reading of the passage, which of the following is true?
A. At a depth of 1200 feet the effects of a violent surface storm are
frightful.
B. A submarine commander navigating his vessel at a depth of 700 feet
will not be affected by a raging surface storm.
C. A typhoon 500 miles out at sea can stir up the ocean floor.
D. If high waves can strike the shore with a horizontal force of 75
million pounds, the vertical force of such waves can have an even
greater effect upon the floor.
Passage 4
Generations of American have been brought to believe that a good breakfast is one of life's essentials. Eating breakfast at the start of the day, we have all been told, is as necessary as putting gasoline in the family before starting a trip.
But for many people the thought of food first thing in the morning is by no means a pleasure. So despite on the efforts, they still take no breakfast. Between 1997 and 1983, the latest years for which figures and available, the number of people who didn't have breakfast increased by 33 percent ---- from 8.8 million to 11.7 million---- according to the Chicago-based Market Research Corporation of America.
For those who feel pain or guilt about not eating breakfast however, there is some good news. Several studies in the last few years indicate that, for adults especially, there may be nothing wrong with omitting breakfast .“ G oing without breakfast does not affect performance. ” Said Amold E. Bender, former professor of nutrition at Queen Elizabeth College in London .“nor does giving people breakfast improve performance. ”
Scientific evidence linking breakfast to better health or better performance is surprisingly inadequate, and most of the recent work involves children. not adults. “The literature,” says one researcher, Dr. Emesto Poillit at the University of Texas, “is poor.”
46. The passage is mainly concerned with____.
A. a study of the Chicago-based Market Research Corporation
B. one of life's essentials
C. a test figures of people who don't eat breakfast
D. breakfast and human health
47. For those who do not take breakfast, the good news is that____.
A. several studies have been done in the past few years
B. not eating breakfast does no harm to one' s health
C. adults have especially made studies in this field
D. eating little in the morning may be good for health
48. In the third paragraph "nor does giving people breakfast improve
performance." means ____.
A. anyone without breakfast does improve his performance
B. not giving people breakfast improves performance
C. people having breakfast do improve their performance
D. having breakfast does not improve performance, either
49. The word "literature" in the last sentence refers to____.
A. stories about breakfast
B. written words on a particular subject
C. any particular materials
D. the modern novels of American
50. What is building but NOT stated by the health of children______.
A. not eating breakfast might a affect performance
B. breakfast does not affect performance
C. Professor Bender once taught college courses in nutrition in London
D. people who don't eat breakfast have increased
2003年
Passage One
With a tremendous roar from its rocket engine, the satellite is sent up into the sky. Minutes later，at an altitude of 300 miles, this tiny electronic moon begins to orbit about the earth. Its radio begins to transmit a staggering
amount of information about the satellite 's orbital path , the amount of radiation it detects, and the presence of meteorites. Information of all kinds races back to the earth. No human being could possibly copy down all these facts, much less remember and organize them, but an electronic computer can.
The marvel of the machine age, the electronic computer has been in use only since 1946. It can do simple computations--- add, subtract, multiply, and divide----with lightning speed and perfect accuracy. It can multiply two lO digit number in l/1000 second, a problem that would take an average person five minutes to do with pencil and paper. Some computers can work 5000 times
faster than any person can.
Once it is given a program, that is a carefully worked out set of instructions devised by a technician trained in computer language, a computer can gather a wide range of information for many purposes. For the scientist it can get information from outer space or from the depths of the ocean. In business and industry the computer prepares factory inventories, keeps track of sales trends and production needs, mails dividend checks, and makes out company payrolls. It can keep bank accounts up to date and make out electric bills. If you are planning a trip by plane, the computer will find out what route to take and what space is available.
51. Why does the author regard the electronic computer as the marvel of the machine age?
A. Because electronic computers are rare.
B. Because people know little about electronic computers.
C. Because electronic computers can do much more kinds of work that human
beings can’t.
D. Because electronic computers have been widely suspected.
52. Electronic computers were given the name in the beginning just for the
simple reason that _______.
A. they could go computations
B. they could work much faster than human beings
C. they talked like an abacus
D. they could remember data quickly
53. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?
A. Computers began to be used in 1946.
B. Computers can add, subtract, multiply and divide.
C. Computers were widely used during World War II.
D. No human being can work as fast as a computer.
54. A computer can calculate _______.
A. with lightning speed
B. accurately
C. with a speed 500,000 times faster than a person
D. all above
55. In the first sentence of last paragraph , “program” would probably mean _______.
A. a performance
B. a show
C. a worked-out set of instructions
D. a TV play
Passage Two
On the old-time farm in America there were chickens and turkeys. There were also cows, pigs, and other livestock. But there were very few machines. Most of the work was done by the entire farm family with the help of a "hired" man. Sometimes extra laborers were needed in busy seasons. Horses provided 79 percent of the power used, human labor 15 percent and machines only 6 percent.
Today all that has changed. On many modern farms machines now supply 96 percent of the power, human labor 3 percent, and horses l percent. Modern farms are enterprising businesses which keep only the livestock that can pay its way. The children go to school by bus every morning, the parents work on the farm or in the house, and hired help is seldom needed. Their
work has been replaced by a whole army of farm machines.
Farmers in the machine age also use the new fertilizers, new sprays, new feeds, new hybrid seeds, and other helps developed by farm sciences. As a result the farmers are able to produce more food with less labor. This means fewer but larger farms and fewer but more prosperous farmers.
56. In olds, most of the work on a farm was done by _____.
A. all the farm family
B. livestock
C. farm machines
D. both A and B
57. From the first paragraph, we learn that in old days the most important
farming power was ____.
A. livestock
B. farmers
C. machines
D. extra laborers
58. On today's farm, the chief reason why livestock is still raised would
probably be____.
A. that farmers' conventions are difficult to be given up
B. that farmers want to gain more profit
C. that farmers have to do so.
D. that farmer's work has been replaced by machines
59. On modern farms, farmers need mostly all the followings EXCEPT _____.
A. farm science
B. seeds
C. fertilizers
D. hard work
60. In the last sentence of paragraph 3, “ fewer but larger farms and fewer
but more prosperous farmers” means ______.
A. hired help, is seldom needed
B. productivity on the farm has been raised greatly
C. productivity on the farms has fallen sharply
D. more food is never needed
Passage Three
City traffic jam---one of the least wanted effects of the motor vehicle---is something with which we're all familiar and for which most of
us have an answer. But which solution is best?
Some people suggest for better roads, others for cars to be banned(禁
止)from city centers and yet others say better public transport would attract
drivers from their lonely and boring journeys.
But the important question is what natural power creates a big city center.
We are, after all, in an age of electronic communication : our big shopping
areas have moved out of city centers, and our living areas moved out of them
long ago.
Yet some force causes offices and service industries related to them to
gather in London of New York or Tokyo. This suggests that far from the problems of a crowded environment forcing companies and people to move out,
there is a critical(重大的) size beyond which more companies are attracted
to move in. Nobody seems to know why, yet the answer is important to the way
traffic jam is dealt with.
6l. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as the cause of the traffic problem?
A. The poor public transports.
B. The over-concentration of shopping centers.
C. The great number of cars in the city centers.
D. The bad road conditions.
62.According to the passage, offices and their associated service industries
move to big cities because of ______.
A. the convenience of communication
B. the gathering of companies
C. some unknown force
D. the convenience of shopping
63 . The word “This “”(Line2,Para 4) refers to ______.
A. some force
B. traffic jam
C. the force that causes offices to move in or out
D. the fact that companies gather in big cities
64. This passage is most likely taken from _____.
A. a novel
B. A TV play
C. an instruction
D. a news report
65. The best title of this passage would probably be _____.
A. Best Answer to Traffic Problem
B. The Banning of Cars in the City Center
C. The Formation of City Center
D. Searching for Ways to Solve Traffic Problem
Passage Four
Mrs. Cox teaches English in a large high school located in the inner area of a big city on the West Coast. Ever since she was a young girl, Mrs. Cox had wanted to become a teacher. She has taught eight years now and hasn't changed her mind.
After she graduated from highschool, Mrs. Cox went on to college. Four years later, she received her bachelor's degree ( B. A. ) in English and her teaching certificate. Then she was qualified to teach in the secondary schools of her state. In the summers Mrs. Cox takes more classes. Someday she hopes to get a master's degree( M. A. ) . With an M. A. , she will receive a higher salary.
The school day at Mrs. Cox' s high school, like that in many high schools in the United States , is divided into six periods of one hour each. Mrs. Cox must teach five of these six periods. During her free period , which for
her is from 2 to 3 p. m., Mrs. Cox must meet with parents , order supplies, make out examinations, check assignments, and take care of many other things.
In short, her free period isn 't really free at all. Mrs. Cox works steadily from the time she arrives at school in the morning until the time she leaves for home late in the afternoon.
66. Mrs. Cox wants to be a teacher because _____.
A. she likes teaching
B. she is a young girl
C. she has many problems to deal with
D. she doesn't mind what she is doing
67. From paragraph two, We can infer _______.
A. Mrs. Cox has received a teaching certificate
B. Mrs. Cox likes teaching very much
C. Mrs. Cox takes more classes
D. Mrs. Cox is a qualified teacher
68. She will receive a higher salary if ______.
A. she gets a master's degree
B. she takes more classes
C. she has studied normal teaching
D. she gets a bachelor's degree
69. According to the passage all the following are true EXCEPT_____.
A. she graduated from high school
B. she graduated from college
C. she has got her bachelor's degree
D. she teaches five periods for a school day
70. The best title for the passage would probably be _____.
A. A Typical School Day
B. Teacher Mrs.cox
C. Mrs. cox Likes Teaching
D. Mrs. cox Has Got Her Teaching Certificate
2004年
Passage One
When we say that Cambridge is a university town we do not mean that it is a town with a university in it. A university town is one where there is no clear separation between the university buildings and the rest of the city. The university is not just one part of the town, it is all over the town. The heart of Cambridge has its shops, restaurants, market place and so on, but most of it is university staff and students.
The town was there first Cambridge became a center of learning in the thirteenth century. Many students were too poor to afford lodgings. Colleges were opened so that students could live cheaply. This was the beginning of the present day college system.
Today there are nearly thirty colleges. Very few students can now live in college for the whole of their course, the numbers are too great. Many of them live in lodgings at first and move into college for their final year. But every student is a member of his college from the beginning. He must eat a number of meals in the college hall each week.
Students are not allowed to keep cars in Cambridge, so nearly all of them use bicycles. Don ' t try to drive through Cambridge during the five minutes lectures , as you will find crowds of people on bicycles hurrying in all directions. If you are in Cambridge at five minutes to the hour any morning
of the them, you ' Il know that you are in a university town. Stop 'in some safe place, and wait.
31. Cambridge can be described as university town because_____.
A. the university buildings fit in well with the rest of the town
B. the size of Cambridge is just as big as the town
C. the separation line between the university and the town is not obvious
D. the university is located in the town
32. In the first paragraph "but most of it is university", "it" refers to_____.
A. the rest of the city
B. the town
C. the heart of Cambridge
D. the university
33. which of the following can best give the main idea of second paragraph?
A. Cambridge has a long history.
B. Many students lacked money, so colleges were set up then
C. The town was built before the university.
D. It was cheaper for students to live in college than in lodgings.
34. It is possible for the college students to_____.
A. live in college from the beginning
B. keep both bikes and cars in college
C. have all the meals outside the college each week
D. live in college for their final year of the week
35. People found it hard to drive through Cambridge at five minutes to the
hour in the morning because of________.
A. the large numbers of cars in the streets
B. safety checks for the cars at this time
C. streams of bikes going in all directions
D. the speed limit of the car
Passage Two
If you want to stay young, sit down and have a good think. This is the research finding of a team of Japanese doctors, who say that most our brains are not getting enough exercises, and as a result. we are ageing unnecessarily soon.
Professor Taiju Matsuzawa wanted to find out why otherwise healthy farmers in northern Japan appeared to be losing their ability to think and reason at a relatively early age, and how the process of ageing could be slowed down.
With a team a colleague at Tokyo National University, he set about measuring brain volumes of a thousand people of different ages and varying occupations.
“Computer technology enabled the researchers to obtain precise measurements of the volume of the front and side sections of the brain, which related to intellect and emotion, and determine the human character.” The rear section of the brain, which controls functions like eating and breathing , does not contract with age , and one can continue living without intellectual or emotional facilities.
Contraction of front and side parts - as cells die off - was observed in some subjects in their thirties, but it was still not evident in some sixty and seventy-year-olds.
Matsuzawa concluded from his tests that there is simple remedy to contraction normally associated with age -using the head.
The findings show in general terms that contraction of the brain begins sooner in people in the country than in the towns. Those least at risk, says
Matsuzawa, are lawyers, followed by university professors and doctors. White collar workers doing routine work in government oil-ices are, however,
as likely to have shrinking brains as the farm workers, bus drivers and shop assistants.
Matsuzawa's findings show that thinking can prevent the brain from shrinking. Blood must circulate properly in the head to supply the fresh oxygen the brain cells need, "The best way to maintain good blood circulation is through using brain," he says, "Think hard and engage in conversation. Don' t rely on pocket calculators. "
36. The team of doctors wanted to find out____.
A. how to make people live longer
B. the size of certain people' s brains
C. which people are most intelligent
D. why certain people age sooner than others
37. On what are their research findings based?____.
A. A survey of farmers in northern Japan.
B. The study of brain volumes of different people.
C. Tests performed on a thousand old people.
D. The latest development of computer technology. .
38. The doctor ' s tests show that_____.
A. our brains shrink as we grow older
B. the front section of the brain does not shrink
C. sixty-year-olds have better brains than thirty-year-olds
D. some people ' s brains have contracted more than other people
39. The word "subjects" in the sentence of paragraph 5 " Contraction of front
and side parts as cells die off - was observed in some subjects in their thirties, but it was still not evident some sixty and seventy-year-olds.
" Means _____.
A. something to be considered
B. branches of knowledge studied
C. any member a state except the supreme ruler
D. persons chosen to be studied in experiment
40. According to the passage, which people seem to age slower than others?
A. shop assistants, lawyers, and professor
B. Farmers, doctors and farmers
C. Clerks, professor and farmers
D. Lawyers, professor and doctors
Passage Three
When we turn on a tap get water, or press a switch to get electricity, we do not think of all the pipes and wires which bring these main services to our homes.
The water is brought from the waterworks to each street by a large underground pipe water in this pips is then forced by pressure into the smaller pipes which carry it to storage thanks at tops of the buildings. Other pipes bring the water down from the storage tank to the kitchens and bathrooms in the building.
When the water has been used, it is taken away from the building by drainpipes. These take the waste water to another large pipe under road - the main sewer. The waste water then flows along the sewer to the sewage works where it is cleaned. This "clean" water is then poured into the sea or into a river, or in some countries, sent back to the waterworks to be used again.
Electricity is also brought to the house by a main, in this case a cable. This cable may be underground or, in country districts, it may hang above ground on pylons. The cable is connected to a meter in the building. Near the meter there is a master which can cut off the supply of electricity. There are also fuse boxes when the master switch and the wires which take the electricity to each of the switches in the building. All these wires, fuses and switches are the " wiring circuit" .
41. It can be inferred from this passage that ____.
A. water and electricity are the only main services in our houses
B. the pipes bringing water to our homes are unimportant
C. water is less significant than electricity in our homes
D. we are unaware of how water or electricity is brought to our homes
42. We call water, electricity and sewer____.
A .wiring circuit B. pipes, cables, and drains
C. main services
D. underground services
43. How is clean water brought to our homes?
A. Through pipes from the sewage works
B. Through underground main pipes
C. Through pipes from storage tanks
D. Through small pipes under the road
44. What happens to the waste water?
A. It is kept in a large storage tank
B. It flows away through drains to a sewer
C. It flows away through a water man
D. It is returned to the waterworks
45. Between a main cable and the master switch in our homes is ___.
A. a light switch
B. a pylon
C. a fuse box
D. a meter
Passage Four
How men first learned to invent words is unknown, in other words, the origin of language is a mystery. All we really know is that men, unlike animals, somehow invented certain sounds to express thoughts and feelings, actions and things, so that they could communicate with each other, and the later they agreed upon certain signs called letters. which would be combine and represent those sounds and which could be written down. Those sounds, whether spoken or written in letters, we call words.
The power of words, then lies in their associations-the things they ring up before our minds. Words become filled with meaning for us by experience; and the longer we live. the more certain words recall to us the glad and sad events of our past; and the more we read and learn, the more the number of words that mean something to us increases.
Great writers are those who not only have great thoughts but also express these thoughts in words which appeal powerfully to our minds and emotions. This charming use of words is what we call literary style. Above all, the real poet is a master of words. He can convey his meaning in words which sing like music and which by their position and association. We should, therefore, learn to choose our words carefully and use them accurately, or they will make our speech silly and vulgar.
46. The origin of language is ____.
A. a legend handed down from the past
B. a question difficult to answer
C. a problem not yet solved
D. a matter that is hidden or secret
47. One of the reasons why men invented certain words to express thoughts
and actions was that ____.
A. they could communicate with each other
B. they could agree on certain sings
C. they could combine them
D. they could write them down
48. The real power of words exists in their ____.
A. properties
B. peculiarity
C. characteristics
D. representative function
49. In expressing their thoughts, great writers are able____.
A. to confound the readers
B. to move men to tear
C. to move us to action
D. to confuse our feelings
50. Which of the following statements about the real poet is NOT true?
A. His style is always charming.
B. His poems can move men to tears.
C. He is no more than a master of words.
D. He can convey his ideas in words which sing like music.
2005年
Passage One
The management of logistical (物流的) operation is about movement and storage of material and finished products. Logistical operations start with the initial shipment of a material or component part from a Nupplier and are finished when a manufactured or processed product is delivered to a customer.
From the initial purchase of a material or component, the logistical process adds value by moving inventory(移动库存) when and where needed. If
应用文的写作 考试大纲规定，参加成人高考的考生应掌握“通知、申请书、感谢信、求职信、启事”等八种应用文的写作要求和基本表达方式。 1、通知 通知是党政各级机关、各部门、各单位普遍应用的一种应用文。上自方针政策、重大 任务，下至具体工作、一般事物，都可以发通知。通知是为了让别人了解和执行的，因此，通知必须写得明白、具体、确切。 格式： (1)名称。有的只写“通知”二字。有的把发通知的单位名称也写进去，如《天津市 45中学教务处通知》;有的还把通知的事由也写进去，如《关于停止高二年级周六补课的 通知》。根据实际要求，“通知”前边可以加“重要”、“紧急”等字样。名称写在第一 行中间。 (2)被通知者的名称或姓名写在第二行。顶格。 (3)正文。所要通知的内容都在这里，如果事情复杂，可以分条写，从第三行写起，前空两格转行顶格。 (4)署名和日期。分两行写在正文的右下方。经公文正式下达的通知，在这里加盖公章。 2、申请书 要把申请什么和为什么申请写清楚。申请什么，要简明扼要，一目了然。为什么申请，理由要充足，态度要诚恳，文字要有条理。 格式： (1)第一行正中写上“申请书”三个字，还可以在前边加上标明性质的字样，如“入团”、“入党”等。 (2)第二行顶格写接收申请书的单位或领导人姓名，后加冒号。 (3)第三行空两格起写正文。正文内容包括三个方面：第一，申请什么，要求有关部门批准什么;第二，提出申请的目的和理由;第三，表明自己的态度(决心、愿望等)。
(4)正文后，一般写上“×××(党组织、领导等)考验我”或“请领导批准”等字样。也可写上“此致敬礼”。 (5)右下角分两行写申请单位名称或个人姓名以及申请日期。 3、感谢信 感谢信，是向对方表示答谢致意的书信。，其格式与一般书信体一样。 格式： (1)第一行取中间位置写上“感谢信”字样。 (2)称呼：顶格写在第二行。 (3)正文：写明致谢的原因经过，即为什么事而感谢。 (4)署名和日期：分两行写在正文末的右下方。 4、求职信 格式： (1)称呼：顶格写。 (2)正文：第二行始，空两格。写明自己求职的理由，言明自己的工作经历、特长、文化程度、身体状况等。 (3)署名和日期：分两行写在正文末右下方。 5、启事 为了说明某事而登在报刊上或贴在墙壁上的文字。 格式： (1)启事的名称要写在第一行中间。可以根据启事的内容，在“启事”前加上适当的定语。如“招聘启事”。 (2)正文：在标题下另起一行空两格处写起。 (3)署名和日期：写在正文右下方。分成两行，署名在上，日期在下。
专升本考试英语是比较重要的科目，分分必争，那么如何在短时间内让自己的英语作文水平提高呢？如何才能提高自己的专升本英语作文分数呢？下面为同学们整理了专升本英语作文模板，希望对同学们有帮助。 万能句型 (1)Some people support it while others do not. 有些人支持，然而有些人反对。 (2)My favorite proverb is...(谚语), which means... 我最喜欢的谚语是…… 它的意义是…… (3)Generally, I am in favour of the conclusion. 总的说来，我赞成这个结论。 (4)There is a famous saying that... which shows the importance of... 有句……的名言，表明了……的重要性。 (5)The message conveyed here is very clear... 这儿所传达出的信息十分明确…… (6)It shows a common phenomenon nowadays that... 它展示了当今一个普遍现象……
(7)Parents arrange everything for their children and spare no effort to do... 父母为孩子安排一切，不遗余力地做…… (8)Measures should be taken to stop... 应该采取措施阻止…… (9)Everyone has his dream. However, it is not so easy for people to realize their dreams. 每个人都有梦想。然而，对人们来说，实现他们的梦想并不是那么容易的。 (10)It is a good idea to do... 做……是一个不错的主意。 (11)We have had a survey on... 我们对……开展了一次调查。 (12)Different people hold different opinions. 不同的人持不同的意见。 (13)Opinions are divided. 有不同意见。 (14)Others have different opinions. 其他人有不同看法。 (15)The difference between A and B is/lies in/exists in... A和B的不同之处在于…… (16)There are several reasons for... but in general, they come down to three major ones. 导致……的原因有多种，但整体上，它们可以归纳为3个主要方面。 (17)Many ways can contribute to solving this problem，but the following ones may be the most effective. 许多方法可以解决这一问题，但是接下来的几个方法可能是最有效的。 (18)It's hardly too much to say that... 毫不夸张地说…… (19)But it's a pity that... 但是可惜的是…… 黄金模块
论文格式范文模板 导读：范文论文格式范文模板 【篇一：大学学术论文格式范文模板】 一、论文格式要求 (一)需报送全文，文稿请用word录入排版。字数不超过5000字。 (二)应完整扼要，涉及主要观点的图片、曲线和表格不能缺少，正文要有“结论”部分。如稿件内容不清或文章篇幅超长等原因，编辑有权删改。 (三)论文结构请按下列顺序排列： 1.大标题(第一行)：三黑字体，居中排。 2.姓名(第二行)：小三楷字体，居中排。 3.作者单位或通信地址(第三行)：按省名、城市名、邮编顺序排列，用小三楷字体。
4.关键词。需列出4个关键词，小三楷字体。第1个关键词应为二级学科名称。学科分类标准执行国家标准；关键词后请列出作者的中国科协所属全国性学会个人会员的登记号 5.正文。小四号宋体。文中所用计量单位，一律按国际通用标准或国家标准，并用英文书写，如km2，kg等。文中年代、年月日、数字一律用阿拉伯数字表示。 正文中的各级标题、图、表体例见下表： 表；标题体例 标题级别字体字号格式说明 一级标题三号标宋居中题目 二级标题四号黑体左空2字，单占行汉字加顿号，如“一、” 三级标题四号仿宋体左空2字，单占行汉字加括号，如“(一)” 四级标题小四号黑体左空2字，单占行阿拉伯数字加下圆点，如“1.”
五级标题小四号宋体左空2字，右空1字，接排正文阿拉伯数字加括号，如“(1)”允许用于无标题段落 图、表、注释及参考文献体例 内容字体字号格式说明 图题五号宋体排图下，居中，单占行图号按流水排序,如“图1；“图2” 图注小五号宋体排图题下，居中，接排序号按流水排序，如“1.”；“2.” 表题五号黑体排表上，居中，可在斜杠后接排计量单位，组合单位需加括号如“表2几种发动机的最大功率/kW”“表5几种车辆的速度/(km/h)”表序号按流水排序，如“表1”、“表2” 表栏头小五号宋体各栏居中，计量单位格式同上 图文/表文小五号宋体表文首行前空1字，段中可用标点，段后不用标点
2007年河南省普通高等学校 选拔优秀专科生进入本科阶段学习考试 《高等数学》试卷 一. 单项选择题（每题2分，共计50分） 在每小题的备选答案中选出一个正确答案，并将其代码写在题干后 面的括号内.不选、错选或多选者，该题无分. 1.集合}5,4,3{的所有子集共有 （ ） A. 5 B. 6 C. 7 D. 8 2.函数x x x f -+-=3)1arcsin()(的定义域为 （ ） A. ]3,0[ B. ]2,0[ C. ]3,2[ D. ]3,1[ 3. 当0→x 时，与x 不等价的无穷小量是 ( ) A.x 2 B.x sin C.1-x e D.)1ln( x + 4.当0=x 是函数x x f 1arctan )(= 的 （ ） A.连续点 B. 可去间断点 C.跳跃间断点 D. 第二类间断点 6.若函数)(x f 在区间),(b a 内有0)(,0)(<''>'x f x f ，则在区间),(b a 内，)(x f 图形 （ ） A ．单调递减且为凸的 B ．单调递增且为凸的 C ．单调递减且为凹的 D ．单调递增且为凹的 5. 设)(x f 在1=x 处可导，且1)1(='f ，则h h f h f h )1()21(lim 0+--→的值为（ ） A.-1 B. -2 C. -3 D.-4 7.曲线31x y +=的拐点是 （ ） A. )1,0( B. )0,1( C. )0,0( D. )1,1( 8.曲线2232)(x x x f -=的水平渐近线是 （ ） A. 32=y B. 32-=y C. 31=y D. 3 1-=y 9. =?→4002tan lim x tdt x x （ ） A. 0 B. 21 C.2 D. 1 10.若函数)(x f 是)(x g 的原函数，则下列等式正确的是 （ ） A. ?+=C x g dx x f )()( B. ?+=C x f dx x g )()( C.?+='C x f dx x g )()( D. ?+='C x g dx x f )()( 11.?=-dx x )31cos( （ ）
篇一：学习《应用写作》计划 学习《应用写作》计划 谢景钺 在科学文化高度发展，社会经济突飞猛进的当今时代，无论是在政府机关、事业单位，还是国有企业、私营企业，甚至在人们的日常生活，应用文已经无处不在，无时不用。作为彼此交往、处理事务、治理社会、管理国家的重要载体，掌握好应用文写作也就成为适应时代要求，谋求生存发展的不可或缺的技能，因此，我以《现代应用写作》为学习教材，制定了为期50天的应用文写作学习计划，提升个人应用写作综合能力。 一、指导思想与总体要求 按照整体提高、化整为零、重点突破、合理分配、循环学习的科学方法，循序渐进，依次达到学写、会写、写好的目标，掌握各类应用文写作。 二、基本目标与主要任务 （一）基本目标 在50天内，基本掌握各类应用文的文体特点和写作技能，达到根据具体要求写出符合要求的学习目标，并在此基础上，熟练掌握行政公文和事务文书这两类常用文的写作技能。 （二）主要任务 1.了解现代应用文的概念、分类、特点和功用。认识应用文写作的重要性和必要性，从思想上鞭策自己，坚定学习和掌握应用文写作的信念。 2.初步掌握经济文书和规章文写作。理解和掌握它们的含义、特点和结构，能按要求写出规范的经济文书和规章文。 3.基本掌握信函文书、专业文书和申论写作。理解和掌握它们的分类、含义、特点和结构，能按照要求进行紧扣主题，结构清晰，表达通顺的信函文、专业文和申论。 4.熟练掌握行政公文和事务文书写作。深入理解和掌握它们的分类、含义、特点和结构，能按照要求写出规范可用的行政公文和事务文。 三、实施措施 （一）全面梳理，总体把握。（第1天） 学习第一章内容,了解应用文的概念、分类、特点和功用，认识应用文的广泛性、实用性和重要性，提高对学习应用文的重视程度，梳理现代应用文的基础知识，形成一个初步的应用文知识结构。 （二）重点突破，有的放矢。（第2～20天） 行政公文和事务文书是最常用的两种现代应用文，因此，要将这两种应用文作为训练重点。
Along with the advance of the society more and more problems are brought to our attention, one of which is that.... 随着社会的不断发展，出现了越来越多的问题，其中之一便是____________。 As to whether i t is a blessing or a curse, however, people take different attitudes. 然而，对于此类问题，人们持不同的看法。(Hold different attitudes 持不同的看;Come up with different attitudes 有不同的看法) As to whether it is worthwhile ....., there is a long-running controversial debate. I t is quite natural that people from different backgrounds may have divergent attitudes towards it. 关于是否值得___________的问题，一直以来争论不休。当然，不同的人对此可能持不同的观点。 Now we are entering a new era, full of opportunities and challenges, 现在我们正在进入一个充满机会和挑战的新时代。 People from different backgrounds would put different interpretations on the same case. 不同行业的人对同一种问题的解释不尽相同。 When asked ..., some people think..... while some prefer... 说到______，有人认为________，而另一些人则认为__________。 To this issue, different people come up with various attitudes. 对于这个问题，不同的人持不同的观点。 A majority of 绝大多数 A large number of 很多人 Some people contend that ... has proved to bring many advantages (disadvantages) 有些人认为________有很多有利之处(不利之处)。 Those who argue for ... say that ...economic development of the ci t ies. 觉得_____的人认为，______ 城市的经济发展。 Some people advocate that .... 有些人在坚持认为_________。 Many people would claim that... 有人会认为___________。 But others hold the view that ...但是，另外一些人则认为_______。 观点的用词：Attitude, opinion, 与其搭配的动词以及词组：Take, have, come up with，set forth, put forward等。 But on the other hand, there are also quite a few people who strongly advocate that..,. 不过，另一方面，也有少部分人坚持认为_______________。 But people who are ..., on the other hand , maintain that... 不过，另一方面，________的人认为__________。 But other people set forth completely totally different argument concerning this case. 不过，对于此，另一些人则持完全不同的观点。 According to my personality and fondness, I would prefer ... rather than... 根据我的个性以及兴趣，我选择_______而不会选择__________。 To my point of view 我认为 As far as I am concerned, I am inclined to be on the side of the latter view. 在我看来，我较同意后一种观点。
毕业论文写作提纲 标题：论中学教师对新课程改革的不适应性及应对策略 ХХХ （井冈山大学化学化工学院，江西吉安343009） 指导老师：ХХХХХ [摘要]基础教育新课程改革缘起于社会发展与课程功能滞后、素质教育与课程运作流弊、价值转型与课程旨趣单向等方面的矛盾动因。在这种背景下的新课程改革，给中小学教师带来了很大的不适，主要有教师的角色转换、教师的视角转换、教师的教学方式、学生的学习方式等方面所引起的心里不适，针对新课程改革中教师这些心理不适, 给出教师的自身努力、学校的策略和社会支持等三种应对策略。 [关键词]基础教育；新课程改革；教师；心里不适；应对策略 [引言]：随着新课程改革的进行，也有很多的专家、教师意识到了这个问题， 并对它展开了研究。但由于传统教育它的真的是根深蒂固，要想一下子改变 是非常难，研究也没有太深入的进行。因为课程的改革是势在必行的，教师 只有去适应它的变化，适应社会的发展，才能让自己更好的发展。那么，跟 着这个趋势，我们的研究将会越来越来剥出真相，更能掌握住新课程改革的 真是目的，提高我国的教育质量和水平。本文主要就对教师的这些心理不适 应进行分析，并提出一些相应的应对策略，总结其经验教训，以此给一些处 在这种状况下的教师做些参考。 [正文] 一引言 1.1基础教育新课程改革时代背景 1.1.1 社会发展与课程功能滞后 1.1.2素质教育与课程运作流弊 1.1.3价值转型与课程旨趣单向 二教师对新课程改革的不适应性 2.1 教师对由居高临下向平等融洽的角色转变的心里不适
2.2 教师对视角的转换的不适应 2.3 教师对新的教学方式的心里不适 2.4 教师对学生的新学习方式的心里不适应 2.5 教师对自我的心里不适 三应对新课程改革中教师心理不适的策略 3.1 教师的自身努力层面 3.1.1 教师要关注自身在新课改中的教师转换 3.1.2 提高教学监控能力 3.1.3 正视自己，提高自信，完善自我 3.2 学校策略层面 3.2.1 学校管理策略 3.2.3 学校的交流策略 3.3社会支持层面 3.1.1 加快教师专业化进程 3.3.2 建立科学的教师评价体系 3.3.3 要理解和尊重教师 四结束语
专升本大学语文试题 一、单项选择题（在每小题给出A、B、C、D四个选项中，只有一项符合题目要求。请选出正确的选项，并按要求填涂答题卡上相应的字母。错选、多选或未选均无分） 1.“信誓旦旦”一语出自 ( ) A.《行路难》 B.《氓》 C.《国殇》 D.《短歌行》 2.陶渊明生活的朝代是 ( ) A.东晋 B.六朝 C.汉末 D.西晋 3.“忧劳可以兴国，逸豫可以亡身”出自 ( ) A.《秋水》 B.《季氏将伐颛臾》 C.《陈情表》 D.《五代史伶官传序》 4.《五代史伶官传序》一文通过五代后唐庄宗盛衰兴亡的史实来证明中心论点，运用的表现手法是 ( ) A.象征 B.夸张 C.对比 D.比喻 5.柳永是 ( ) A.南宋婉约派词人 B.南宋豪放派词人 C.北宋婉约派词人 D.北宋豪放派词人 6.《苦恼》一文的作者契诃夫的国籍是 ( ) A.美国 B.俄国 C.法国 D.英国 7.李清照《声声慢》(寻寻觅觅)一词最突出的语言技巧是 ( ) A.叠字 B.比喻 C.拟人 D.夸张 8.欧阳修的《五代史伶官传序》是一篇 ( ) A.史论 B.辞赋 C.小说 D.奏疏 9.宋代作家中作有《前赤壁赋》和《后赤壁赋》的是 ( ) A.欧阳修 B.李清照 C.辛弃疾 D.苏轼 10.小说《苦恼》的作者是 ( ) A.契诃夫 B.巴尔扎克 C.莫泊桑 D.屠格涅夫 11.下列哪位作家属唐宋八大家之一 ( ) A.杜甫 B.辛弃疾 C.王安石 D.李清照 12.下列作品中，属于书信体驳论文的是 ( ) A.《五代史伶官传序》 B.《答李翊书》 C.《陈情表》 D.《答司马谏议书》 13.《山居秋暝》中，表现作者有隐居山中之意的诗句是 ( ) A.竹喧归浣女，莲动下渔舟 B.明月松间照，清泉石上流 C.空山新雨后，天气晚来秋 D.随意春芳歇，王孙自可留 14.苏轼的《前赤壁赋》主要描写了哪三种景物? ( ) A.清风、明月、芦荻 B.江水、明月、清风 C.清风、黄花、梧桐 D.明月、江水、秋花 15.下列词人中，属于豪放派的是 ( )
附录五：专升本英语作文技巧和模板 （一）称呼： 1、写给机构：Dear Sir or Madam, （06、07） 2、写给个人：（05）Dear Mr. Wang, （08）Dear Bob, （09）Dear Editors, （二）正文：3段，7句左右，100-130词，3-5个关联词（适可而止），3-5个从句（多多益善） 1、第一段：2句左右 1）自我介绍（私人书信除外）： （1）工作人员： I am a staff member from your company/corporation. I am a staff member from Motorola（China）Electronics Ltd. （2）学生：I am a freshman/sophomore/junior/senior/undergraduate/graduate from the Department of Chinese Language and Literature of Beijing University. 2）写作目的：书信的中心思想，改写提纲一 I am writing the letter for purpose of resigning from my current post/position. I am writing to inform you that I wish to request if you could help me find a potential beneficiary of Project Hope. 2、第二段：3句左右，改写提纲二 1）主题句：1句 2）分论点一：1句 3）分论点二：1句 3、第三段：2句左右，改写提纲三 1）表示感谢（私人建议信除外）： （1）My appreciation to you for your generous help is beyond words. （2）Words fail me when I wish to express my sincere gratitude to you. （3）I take this opportunity to show my heartfelt appreciation for the kind assistance you render me. 2）期待回信： （1）I am looking forward to hearing from you soon. （2）I look forward to a favorable reply at your earliest convenience. （3）Your prompt attention to my inquiry would be highly appreciated. （三）落款： 1）结尾客套：Yours sincerely, yours, sincerely 2）签名：Li Ming
论文写作范式 （论文写作目标：解决具体问题） 一、基本格式 标题。标题表示写作内容。例如：中信建投公司资产管理产品创新研究 大约写五章到六章，其中第一章和最后一章是只有章、节（条）两级标题，其他章有章、节（条）、目（款）三级标题。 第一章绪论 1.1 选题背景：回答为什么选择该内容作为论文题目。 1.2 研究目标：回答选择该题目要达到什么目的。 1.3 文献综述：以往研究同一题目的文献及相关观点。 1.4 论文结构：论文思路及结构设计。 1.5 论文创新观点：研究结论视为创新观点。 第二章到第四章通过例举一个案例表现作者具有解决具体管理问题的能力。 第二章案例内容。例如：中信建投公司资产管理产品创新现状 第三章问题分析。例如：中信建投资产管理产品创新中的问题和原因 第四章对策建议。例如：中信建投资产管理产品创新的对策 第五章结论 5.1 研究结论 先总体对研究结论进行总结，然后提出5个左右的研究结论，每个结论用标题列出，在结论标题后做一段归纳论述。 5.2 研究局限与展望 写两段，一段是从理论和应用两方面谈研究局限，一段从理论和应用两方面谈研究展望。（这部分不用标题） 二、文字要求 1.标题尽量用短句，即使用单句结构标题，不要使用从句或复句结构标题。 2.标题尽量用较少成分、结构简单的句型（不要使用带所有成分的结构句型。句子所有成分包括主、谓、宾、定、补、状） 3.每章三节（条）左右，每节三目（款）左右 4.节与节、目与目的句型结构一致 5.注意关键词或主题词4个，一般为实词，词与词不能有重复，不能与论文标题有关词完全重复。 三、文字数量及结构安排 除绪论和研究结论章之外，各章之间的文字数量基本相同，各节之间的文字数量基本相同。 四、5.1研究结论部分的写法 五、摘要写法 摘要要写成一篇短文，而不是第一章包含什么内容之类的论文介绍写法。 摘要包含5段，总计2000字左右，不得超过。 一段：选题背景相关内容（300字左右）； 二段：研究目标相关内容（200-300字左右） 三段：研究内容相关文献的观点（300-400字左右） 四段、五段：论文案例研究内容及研究结论（1000字左右）
年陕西省高校在校生专升本英语考试试题2005 注意事项： 1．本卷满分为150分。考试时间为150分钟。 2．本卷分试卷I和试卷II，均用钢笔或圆珠笔答卷。第I卷为客观题，考生必须把答案用大写字母写在答题纸上；第II卷为主观题，考生直接把答案写在试卷上。 3．答卷前将密封线内的项目填写清楚。 试卷I 得分评卷人 I. Vocabulary and structure (40分) Directions: There are 40 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then write your answer on the Answer Sheet. 1. The professor needs an assistant that he can to take care of problems in his absence. A. count in B. count up C. count on D. count out 2.I am not sure whether l can get any profit from the business, so I can't make a(n) decision about what to do next. A. exact B. denied C. sure D. definite 3. Because of the cold weather, they through the night in the camp. A. kept the burning fire B. kept the fire burning D. kept burning the fire C. kept the fire burnt 4. Convenience foods which are already prepared for cooking are in stores. B. available C. probable A. ready D. approachable5. Many people are reported in the natural disaster. A. being killed B. to be killed D. to have been killed C. to have killed 6. If the whole surgery beforehand carefully, there would have been a better result. B. has been planned A. was planned D. were planned C. had been planned 7. Jane has said little so far, responding only briefly when
专升本考试复习计划 怀着继续学习深造的梦想，我选择了参加2012年专升本考试。在结束了培训班基础班和冲刺班两个阶段的学习之后，我感觉到个人学习能力和知识储备都得到了大幅度提升。在接下来的一个月的时间里，我将继续努力备考，力争考出优异成绩。下面我将制定总复习计划，为新一轮的复习树立目标。 一、目标 由于专升本考试是选拔性的考试，录取分数较高，难度较大，同时我又是跨校升本，难度就更大了。参考历年来的录取规律和上一年度录取分数线，预计2012年录取分数将达到280分，为了保证能够录取，我的目标是总成绩不低于290分。力争计算机总分不低于110分，英语总分不低于85分，语文（含大学语文和应用文两部分）总分不低于110分。 二、措施 （一）加强基础知识点的复习。专升本考试大多是基础知识的考核，基础知识扎实，也是总体能力升华提高的有力保证。 1、计算机基础知识复习。根据计算机的学科特殊性，基础知识复习要多做习题。保证每天做一套模拟题，争取得满分。同时要多上机操作，以便更加直观的理解和吸收理论知识。达到理论和实践的统一。 2、英语基础知识复习。根据英语的学科特点，结合自己词汇量不足，语法掌握不扎实的现实问题，要加大词汇量的储备和掌握必考的语法点。每天必须识记100个新单词。每天背新单词前要复习前一天的旧单词，以便加强复习，确保记忆质量。同时还要多做语法选择题，以保证学以致用。 3、大学语文基础知识复习。由于自身语文基础较好，这部分的复习重点在于查漏补缺，结合以前做过的习题，填补知识漏洞，以夯实基础。 4、应用文基础知识复习。应用文主要是通过《导学手册》进行系统复习，用一周时间，切实掌握必考文种的基本知识，为第二阶段的写作打下坚实基础。 （二）保证重点题型解题能力的提高。 1、计算机程序部分。计算机程序部分满分50分，是计算机的高分的关键，所以每周必须保证所有程序写5遍，做到熟能生巧，举一反三。 2、英语阅读部分。英语阅读共四篇，总分40分，可以说“得阅读者得天下”。为了保证阅读分数，复习阶段要以全国英语四级真题为工具，加强练习，保证不丢分。 3、大学语文主观题部分。大学语文重点考核精读文章的理解，在总复习阶段，要多参考复习资料后面的课后习题主观题部分，达到熟练记忆和灵活运用的有机统一。 4、应用文写作部分。应用文写作分一大一小，两篇文章，总分40分。为保证写作部分成绩，必须对必考文种的写作多加练习，保证每个必考文种的写作熟练掌握。 三、步骤 总复习阶段计划历时一个月，以每周为一个单位，复习分三各阶段。 （一）第一个阶段为前两周，切实落实各学科基础部分基础知识点的掌握和查漏补缺； （二）第二个阶段是第三周，对各学科重点题型做到逐一击破，熟练解答； （三）第三个阶段是第四周，主要是做模拟题，以检验基础部分和重点题型
英语作文Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 miniutes to write a composition on the title:make our city greener,your composition should be based on the following outline: 1：城市绿色的状况2：绿化的好处（如：清洁空气，美化城市，改善气候......）3：怎样才能实现绿化范文：Recent efforts toward the greening of our cities have achieved much, although the results are still far from satisfactory. In recent years many trees have been planted in the cities and much care has been taken of the planted trees. In spite of all this, the greening process is relatively slow compared with cities in many other countries. For example, the green space available on average to each Shanghai citizen is only 0.4 Mu while every Londoner has more than 20 Mu. We can benefit much from making our cities greener by planting trees. First, trees absorb carbon dioxide to produce oxygen which is essential to the health of human beings. Second, trees and other greenery make our cities more beautiful. Third, trees can also improve the climate of the cities. Since we can get so much from making our cities greener, we should spare no effort to do that. We should plant more trees and take better care of them. We also should not cut down the trees. In a word, we should do everything to add to the greening of our cities. Directions: For this part, you are allowed30 minutes to write a composition based on, the following two questions: 1．你在英语学习中有哪些困难? 2．你是如何克服这些困难的? Y our composition should be no less than 100 words. Write this composition on the Answer Sheet. Remember to write it clearly. 范文：To a Chinese, the task of learning English well is not easy. So I, like many other English learners, have met with difficulties in learning English during the past seven years. But I managed to overcome them and made much progress. The spelling and meaning of words can be said to be the first difficulty I met as a beginner. But I found our my own way to deal with them. As to spelling, I never copied a new work again and again to remember it, but tried to find its relevance to the sound. In fact, as long as I can read the word out, I can write it out. As to the meaning, I rarely recite its Chinese translation but often put the word into the sentence to learn its meaning. Moreover, if you use a word quite often, its spelling and meaning will be no problem. After all, we are learning English in order to use it. Grammar and idioms may be another difficulty. But I have also got over it. I have not read lots of grammar books. But I spent much time reading the articles written by native speakers or specialists in English. By doing so, I came to gain “a sense of English language”. I began to gain a feel for which sentences are “good English” and which are not. Finally, I want to say that overcoming all these difficulties requires perseverance. In the past seven years I spent at least an hour on English each day. I believe this is an important reason why I am able to make progress in learning English. Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Positive and Negative Aspects of Sport. Y ou should write no less than 100 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below: 1. 运动的积极因素；2. 运动的消极因素； 3. 你的体会范文：Sports benefit us in many respects. When taking part in sports, we get the chance to train almost all parts of our body. There is no doubt that properly balanced physical activities keep us physically fit. Furthermore, sports can enrich our life and maintain our psychological health. Through participation, everyone can learn that on the playing field he not only competes for himself but also for his team. Sports teach us about consideration, cooperation
石家庄经济学院成人高等教育毕业论文（设计）写作要求 一、写作步骤 1.选题：结合所学专业理论和学科基础知识，深入了解和分析本学科或本专业的理论实务现状和实践中存在的问题及研究现状，综合运用基础理论、专业知识进行综合分析、研究，确立自己的研究题目。选题应结合毕业实习的具体情况，反映专业的前沿和实际应用的需要，不得选择内容陈旧过时或没有应用价值的问题。题目应具有比较强的概括性，反映文章的核心内容。 2.收集资料：题目选定后，在指导老师的指导下开展有关调研和查阅有关资料，资料内容要翔实，具有普遍意义和较强的佐证性，收集途径可以通过实习收集所在单位的实际情况（不得直接在论文或设计中应用）；也可利用图书、报刊、专业杂志收集与自己主题相关的文章和报导（必须注明刊名、题目、作者、期号、页码）；或在网上搜集（但必须注明网名、题目、作者、发表时间），但不得直接下载全部文章。 3.拟定写作提纲和写作进度：根据题目要求和查阅的文献资料，对其进行加工、提炼和整理，列出详细的写作提纲。根据提纲内容和论文的写作时间要求制定出写作进度安排（写作时间表）。 4.完成论文（设计）初稿：按照提纲要求完成论文（设计）初稿。 5.修改初稿：初稿经指导老师审阅并提出修改意见后，按修改意见对初稿进行修改，直至指导老师认为可以定稿为止。 6.定稿。论文定稿后按时提交给指导老师。 二、写作要求与编写格式 （一）论文（设计）写作要求： 1.论文（设计）应做到观点明确、内容充实、论据充分、论证有力、结论（解决方案）正确。整体结构合理，层次分明。不得拼凑文章，更不得抄袭。 2.论文（设计）写作过程中必须及时以各种形式和指导教师沟通，并得到和记录指导意见，并在交阅下一稿时将前稿意见附在前端，一般情况下（论文）设计题目确定并开始写作后，不得变更题目或主要内容。 3.（论文）设计字数要求不少于5000字。 4.有异议问题应按照指导教师意见执行。 （二）论文（设计）格式要求全部统一，内容包括： 1.封面； 2.开题报告、成绩评议表等； 3.中文摘要（含关键词）； 4.英文摘要（含关键词）；（该部分可选） 5.目录； 6.正文； 7.参考文献； 8.致谢； 9.封底