2012高考英语大纲词汇全表
四、亲属称呼
1. daughter ：女儿）
2. n iece 女性晚辈）
3. nephew 男性晚辈）
4. cousin 同辈兄弟姐妹）
5. aunt 女性长辈）
6. uncle 男性长辈） 五、以下动词加-ed 或-ing 要双写最后一个字母
注意：quarrel, signal, travel 的I 可双写（英国英语）也可不双写（美国英语） 六、部分过去式和过去分词不规则变化的动词 1. broadcast (broadcast, broadcast 播 2. flee (fled, fled)逃跑 3. forbid (forbade, forbidden 禁 止 4. forgive (forgave, forgive n 原谅
5. freeze (froze, frozen 结冰
6. ha ng 作绞死”讲，是规则的；作悬挂”讲，其过去式过去分词都是hung ）
7. lie 作说谎”讲时，是规则的；作 位于”讲时，其过去式是lay ,过去分词是lain ）
8. seek （sought, sough 寻求
9. shake （shook, shake 发抖 10. sing （sa ng, sung 唱歌 11. sink （sa nk, sunk/sun ker f 沉 12. spread （spread, sprea 传播 13. swim （swam, swum 游泳
14. tear （tore, torn 撕碎
1. regret (regretted, regrett in g)后悔 admitt ing) 承认 4. occur (occurred, occurri ng)出现 6. refer (referred, referri ng 提 到 8. permit (permitted, permitti n 允许
2. con trol (c on trolled, con troll ing)控制 3 5. prefer (preferred, preferri ng)愿
7. forget (forgetti ng )忘￡ 记 9. equip (equipped, equipp in 装备
admit (admitted,
15. weave (wove, wove n 编织
七、意思相近的词
2. receive / accept
3. destroy /damage
4. celebrate/ con gratulate
5. wear / dress
八、 注意形容词变名词时的拼写变化 1. Io ng — len gth 长度 2. wide —width 宽度 3. high — height 高度
4. strong- stre ngth 力量
九、 以-ic 结尾的动词，应先把-ic 变为-ick ,再加ing 或ed 1. pic nic (pic ni cked, pic nickin g 野餐 十、个别名词的复数拼写
1. German （Germans 德国人
2. gulf （gulfs ）海湾
3. handkerchief （handkerchief 手帕
4. hero 英雄），potato 土豆），tomato 西红柿）等有生命的以-o 结尾的名词变复数时要加-es
5. roof （roofs ）房顶
6. stomach 胃（其复数是 stomachs 而不是加 es ） 十、注意动词变名词时的拼写变化 1. succee —success 成功 2. pronounc —pronun ciati on 发音 3. explain — expla nation 解释
4. decide- decisi on 决定
5. en te —e ntran ce 进入
6. permit — permissi on 允许
7. refuse- refusal 拒绝
8. con side —c on siderati on 考虑 9. discove —discovery 发现
10. bury —burial 埋葬
11. con clud —c on clusi on 得出结论
13. weigh — weight 重量 十二、注意形容词变副词时的拼写变化 1. beautifu —beautifully 美丽的 2. possibl —possibly 可能的
1. check / exam ine/ test 1
2. arrive —arrival 至U 达
3. practice —practically 实际的
4. particula — particularly 特别的 十三、其它必背单词
1. abroad 国夕卜
2. absenee n 缺席（absent adj.）
3. accepted （NMET1997）
4. acciden 事故（accidental adj 偶然的，accidentally adv 偶然地）
5. achievemen 成就（achieve v.获得）
6. addres 地址
7. admire 钦佩
8. admitti ng （200（北匕京春季卷）
9. agreeme n 协议 10. agriculture 农业（agricultural adj.农业的）
11. altogethe
r 共
12. ancient 古代的 13. announ ced
14. anxiety 忧虑（anxious adj.焦急的，anxiously adv.焦急地）
15. apologize v 道歉（apology n.道歉 apologetic adj.道歉的 apologetically ad 道歉地） 16. apologize/apologise （200全 国卷）
17. appreciate?激/欣赏（感激人用thank sb 谢谢某人做的事用appreciate sth.）
18. Asia n
（NMET1996）
19. assista n 助手
20. astonish 乞惊（astonishment n 吃惊，astonishing astonished ） 21. astro naut 宇航员 22. atmospher 气氛 23. attempt 尝试（可作名词也可作动词） 24. atte ntively 专心地 25. atte ntively （NMET1996） 26. attitude 态度
27. attract 吸引（attraction 吸引力） 28. average
平 均
29. average （NMET1999） 30. balanee 平衡
31. beauty 美（beautiful ）
32. believe 相信（belief n.信念，其复数是 beliefs ） 31.33. beyo nd 超过
34. biology 生物
35. birthday 生日 36. bravery 勇敢 37. broadcast （NMET1996） 38. broadcast 广播（过去式、过去分词同原形） 39. carefully 小心（carefully ）
5. successful-successfully 成功的 40.
ceili ng 天花板43. cen tury 世纪47. cin ema 电影院
41. celebrated （200北京春季卷）42. celebration庆祝（celebrate n庆祝）
44. challe nge挑战45. characte 性格46. charg 收费
48. comfort v. & n.安慰（comfortable adj. comfortably a舒适地）
49. comfortably（NMET1997）50. comment 评论51. communication 交流52. competition 竞赛（compete v.竞赛competitor 竞赛者）
53. compositi on 作文54. con cert 音乐会
55. con clude v. co nclusio n 结论60. con structio n（NMET1996）
56. condition情况（conditions条件） 57. confessing （200北京春季卷）
58. congratulations祝贺（congratulate v.）59. constantly不断地
61. continue继续62. contribution贡献（contribute v.）
63. conveniently方便（convenient adj.）69. curious（NMET1996）
64. conv ersation谈话65. coughi ng（NMET1997） 66. cousin表兄弟
67. cruelty 残酷（cruel adj. cruelly adv.）68. curious 好奇（curiosity n. 好奇）70. customer 顾客71. customers（2000 北京春季卷）72. custom 习俗73. damage损坏74. declared（NMET1999）75. delicious 美味76. destroy毁灭（其过去式是destroyed）77. determinec有决心的78. develop发展（development n.
developing发展中的，developed发达的）
79. dialogue对话80. diary 日记（dairy 奶制品）
81. differenee不同点（有复数形式）83. disappointmen失望
82. disappointe失望（disappointing 让人失望的）
84. discovery发现（其复数是discoveries 其动词是discove，discovere d现者）
85. disturb打扰86. dollar美元（其复数是dollars）
87. dow nstair楼下93. en ergy能量94. en velope信圭寸
88. dream梦想(其过去式是dreame(或dreamt)
89. electricity电(electricaI电的，electric 电的)
90. employ 雇用(employment n. employe雇主，employee雇员)
91. empty(到空(可用动词，其过去式是emptied)
92. encourag鼓励(encouraging, encouraged, encouragement n.)
95. envy n.妒忌(envious adj.) 96. equal(NMET1998)
97. equipme n 设备98. especially尤其是
99. esse ntial(NMET1999) 100. European欧洲人
101. even事件102. excellen t好(excellenee n. excellently adv.) 103. exhibitio n(NMET1997) 104. exhibition展览
105. expense耗费106. experienee经验(experiencec有经验的) 107. expert 专家108. expression表达109. failure 失败(fail v.) 110. familiar(NMET1999) 111. familiar熟悉的
112. favorite最喜爱的(即作形容词也作名词，作名词时有复数)
113. figure人物/数字114. fin ger手指
115. flight 飞行
116. forehea 前额117. foreig n(NMET1998)
118. fortu nately幸运地119. forward 向前
120. freezing极冷的(frozen 冷冻的)121. frequently经常地122. furniture 家具123. further进一步的
124. gen erally (200全国卷)125. geograph地理
126. Germa ny德国127. government(NMET1996)
128. gradually逐渐地129. graduations^ (graduate)
130. gramma 语法131. habits (NMET1997)
132. handkerchiefs (200北京春季卷)133. honesty诚实(honest) 134. ho nor/ho nou荣135. imagination想象力(imagine v.)
161. loss 损失（lose, lost 是其动词形式） 163. magazi n 杂志 164. majority (200(北匕京春季卷)
majority 大多数 166. man age 设法(ma nager, man ageme nt)
market(200全国卷)168. marriage 结婚(marry v.结婚，married 已婚的) material(s)/cloth(NMET1996) 170. materia 物质 /材料 mayo 市长
172. mea n (NMET1999) 173. measures
量
medal 奖章(比较：model 模型)
memory 记忆力(memorize v.记住，remember 记得) messages (200全 国卷) 177. metal 金属
moderr 现代的 179. modes 谦虚的
180. mon itor 班长/监控
moustache 胡子
182. murde 谋杀(murderer 凶手) musician 音乐家 184. mysterious 神申秘的(mystery 神秘)
nationality 国籍 (nation 国家，national 国家的) naturally(NMET1998) 187. naughty 淘
136. 138. 140. 142. 144.
146.
149.
151.
154.
157.
160.
162. 165. 167.
169. 171. 174. 175. 176. 178. 181. 183. 185.
186.
188. immediate (200北0 京春季卷 )
impress 印象(impression n.)
137. immediately 马上 139. i ncide n 小事件
141. indispensable (NMET1999)
industry 工业(industrial adj.工业的) 143. i nformation 信息 in spire 激励 (in spirati on n. in spiri ng, in spired) 145. in stitute 学院 in strume n 仪器 147. i nteres 兴趣
148. i nterrupt 打断
in terrup 打断 150.introduce^绍(introduction n.) irregular 不规则的 152. journey 旅 程 153. judge 判断(judgment)
kin dergarte 幼儿园 155. kno wledge 知 识 156. labor/labou 劳动 late1y(NMET1999) 158. laughte 笑声
159. lawyer 律 师
librarian 图书馆理员 luckily 幸运地
气的necessary(NMET1999) 189. ninth(NMET1998)
新课标Ⅰ卷 第一节完形填空（共20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分30 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Heroic Driver Larry works with Transport Drivers. Inc. One morning in 2009. Larry was __41__along 165 north after delivering to one of his 42 . Suddenly, he saw a car with its bright lights on. 43 he got closer, he found 44 vehicle upside down on the road. One more look and he noticed 45 shooting out from under the 46 vehicle. Larry pulled over, set the brake and 47 the fire extinguisher (灭火器). Two good bursts from the extinguisher and the fire was put out. The man who had his bright lights on 48 and told Larry he had 49 an emergency call. They 50 heard a woman’s voice coming from the wrecked (毁坏的) vehicle. 51 the vehicle, they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window. They told her to stay 52 until the emergency personnel arrived, 53 she thought the car was going to 54 . Larry told her that he had already put out the fire and she should not move 55 she injured her neck. Once fire and emergency people arrive, Larry and the other man 56 and let them go to work. Then, Larry asked the 57 if he was needed or 58 to go. They let him and the other man go. One thing is 59 —Larry went above and beyond the call of duty by getting so close to the burning vehicle! His 60 most likely saved the woman’s life. 41. A. walking B. touring C．traveling D．rushing 42. A. passengers B. colleagues C. employers D. customers 43. A. Since B. Although C. As D. If 44. A. each B. another C. that D. his 45. A. flames B. smoke C. water D. steam 46. A. used B. disabled C. removed D. abandoned
2016年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（上海卷） 英语试卷 第 卷(共103分) I. Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. It is satisfactory. B. It is luxurious. C. It is old-fashioned. D. It is disappointing. 2. A. On August 5th. B. On August 6th. C. On August 7th. D. On August 8th. 3. A. A waiter. B. A butcher. C. A porter. D. A farmer. 4. A. In a theatre. B. In a library. C. In a booking office. D. In a furniture store.
2016年高考英语 8种常见英语作文模板素材 一、不同观点列举型(选择型) There is a widespread concern over the issue th at 作文题 目. But it is well known that the opinion concerni ng this hot topic varies fromperson to person. A majority of people think that 观点 一. In their opinion there are two factors contribu ting to this attitude as follows. In the first pla ce,原因一.In the second place, 原因 二. So it goes without saying that 观点 一. The other people, however, differ in their opin ion on this matter.They hold the idea that 观点二. In their point of view, on the one hand,原因一;on the other hand, 原因 二. Therefore, there is no doubt that 观点二. As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that 观点一或观点 二. It is not only because 原因
上海市高三英语核心词汇复习：第11课时 （funeral ---harvest） I. 单词拼写 1. We parked our car in an underground g near the hotel. 2. I feel really g at forgetting her birthday again. 3. After g from high school, Jayne went to engineering college. 4. The fight started when one of the fans made a rude g at a player. 5. My friend offered to pay my plane fare, which was very g of him. 6. The f (葬礼) will be held at St. Mar—tin’s Church. 7. I helped him choose the f (家具) for his house. 8.The boy likes eating h (汉堡包) in KFC. 9. The g (政府) has promised to cut taxes. 10.Of all the courses, we like g (地理) lessons best. II. 词形变化 1.No pains, no (gain). 2. (general) speaking, the more expensive the MP3 player is, the better it is. 3.He is a (gift) musician. 4.The chemicals are (harm) to the environment. 5.The guilty man was (hang) for murder. 6.As the weeks passed, I (gradual) accept—ed the idea of him leaving. 7.Money is not the key to (happy). 8.Vitamins are important for healthy (grow). 9.I was looking forward to working under her ex—pert (guide). 10.Ducks, (goose), chickens and also pigeons were kept on the farm. III. 单项选择 1.—Do you understand? —Yeah, we’ve it. A. got B. gained C. grasped D. guessed. 2.I missed a opportunity to become a millionaire. A. gold B. golden C. handsome D. generous 3.As the weeks , I become more and more worried. A. went on B. went away C. went by D. went out 4.Don’t be hard Jack; after all, he’s a child. A. on B. to C. for D. with 5.Some people find the idea of relativity difficult to . I can’t understand it, either. A. give B. handle C. seize D. grasp 6.Regular exercise is a good habit for kids to . A. develop B. break C. become D. grasp 7.Can you give me a ? I need some help. A. hand B. game C. harmony D. gift 8. it happens, I know someone who might be able to help you.
2009-2016 年全国卷分类汇编之完型填空 2016年全国新课标 1 A Heroic Driver Larry works with Transport Drivers. Inc. One morning in 2009. Larry was __41__along 165 north after delivering to one of his 42 . Suddenly, he saw a car with its bright lights on. 43 he got closer, he found 44 vehicle upside down on the road. One more look and he 41. A. walking B. touring C．traveling D．rushing 42. A. passengers B. colleagues C. employers D. customers 43. A. Since B. Although C. As D. If 44. A. each B. another C. that D. his 45. A. flames B. smoke C. water D. steam 46. A. used B. disabled C. removed D. abandoned noticed 45 shooting out from under the 46 vehicle. Larry pulled over, set the brake and 47 the fire extinguisher (灭火器). Two good bursts from the extinguisher and the fire was put out. The man who had his bright lights on 48 and told Larry he had 49 an emergency call. They 50 heard a woman‘s voice coming from the wrecked ( 毁坏的) vehicle. 51 the vehicle, they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window. They told her to stay 52 until the emergency personnel arrived, 53 she thought the car was going to 54 . Larry told her that he had already put out the fire and she should not move 55 she injured her neck. Once fire and emergency people arrive, Larry and the other man 56 and let them go to work. Then, Larry asked the 57 if he was needed or 58 to go. They let him and the other man go. One thing is 59 Larry went above and beyond the call of —47. A. got hold of B. prepared C. took charge of D. controlled 48. A. came down B. came through C. came in D. came over 49. A. returned B. received C. made D. confirmed 50. A. then B. again C. finally D. even 51. A. Starting B. Parking C. Passing D. Approaching 52. A. quiet B. still C. away D. calm 53. A. for B. so C. and D. but 54. A. explode B. slip away C. fall apart D. crash 55. A. as if B. unless C. in case D. after 56. A. stepped forward B. backed off C. moved on D. set out 57. A. woman B. police C. man D. driver 58. A. forbidden B. ready C. asked D. free 59. A. for certain B. for consideration C. reported D. checked 60. A. patience B. skills C. efforts D. promise duty by getting so close to the burning vehicle! His 60 most likely saved the woman ‘s life. 完型1
2006年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英语（全国卷1） 本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。第Ⅰ卷1至12页。第Ⅱ卷13至14页。考试结束，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第Ⅰ卷 注意事项： 1.答题前，考生在答题卡上务必用黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，并贴好 条形码。请认真核准条形码上的准考证号、姓名和科目。 2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡 皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号，在试题卷上作答无效。 第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A.￡19.15. B.￡9.15. C.￡9.18. 答案是B。 1.How much will the man pay for the tickets? A.￡7.5. B.￡15. C.￡50. 2.Which is the right gate for the man’s flight? A.Gate 16. B.Gate 22. C.Gate 25. 3.How does the man feel about going to school by bike? A.Happy. B.Tired. C.Worried. 4.When can the woman get the computers? A.On Tuesday. B.On Wednesday. C.On Thursday. 5.What does the woman think of the shirt for the party? A.The size is not large enough. B.The material is not good. C.The color is not suitable. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6.What can we learn about Mr.Brown?
2016年全国各地高考英语作文汇总 新课标I卷 假定你是李华，暑假想去一家外贸公司兼职，已写好申请书和个人简历（resume）。给外教MS Jenkins 写信，请她帮你修改所附材料的文字和格式（format）。 注意： 1. 词数100左右; 2. 可以适当增加细节，已使行文连贯。 示例1 Dear Ms Jenkins, I'm Li Hua from your English writing class last term. I'm writing to ask for your help. I'm applying for a part-time job at a foreign company in my city during the summer vacation, and I have just completed my application letter and resume. However, I am not quite sure of the language and the format I've used. I know you have a very busy schedule, but I'd be very grateful if you could take some time to go through them and make necessary changes. Please find my application letter and resume in the attachment. Thank you for your kindness! Yours, Li Hua 示例2 Dear Ms Jenkins, I am Li Hua, I am writing to tell you something about my plan for the coming summer vacation and I also want you to do me a favor. In order to get some practical experience, I am planning to take a part-time job in a foreign capital company. I have already finished my job application and personal resume. But this is the first time that I have written an application and the personals resume, so I don’t even know if there are something to pay attention to. So, I’m writing you the letter , hoping you can give me some help. I will be very grateful if you can help me. Looking forward to your reply. And I’d be really thankful. Yours,
2015高考高频词汇必背及训练系列5 1.surprise n．惊奇，惊奇的事 I have got a big surprise for you. 我给你带来了一个大的惊喜。 v．使吃惊 What surprised us most was that she had such a sweet voice.最让我们感到惊讶的是她有如此甜美的嗓音。 to one's surprise 令人吃惊的是 To my surprise, he finished the task only in a few days. 令我惊讶的是他竟然在几天之内就完成了任务。 注意：surprising 表示令人惊讶；主语通常是使人惊讶的事；surprised 表示主语本身产生的情绪，主语是人。 What you've told me is surprising. 你给我讲的情况真令人吃惊。 The news made us surprised.这消息使我们很惊讶。 Though ________ to see us，the professor gave us a warm welcome. A．surprise B．was surprised C．surprised D．being surprised 2.disaster n．灾难，不幸，祸患 Fires，floods and earthquakes are disasters. 火灾、水灾和地震都是灾难。 This is one of the worst natural disasters ever to befall the area.这是该地区所经历的最严重的自然灾害之一。 考点提示： disaster-affected area 受灾地区 a traffic disaster 交通惨祸 a disaster to s b 某人的灾难 escape disaster 逃避灾难 die in the disaster 死于灾祸 The voyage to the Atlantic Ocean ended________. A．with disaster B．in disaster C．with destroy D．in fail 3.promote vt. (1)促进，增进 Exercise promotes health.锻炼可增进健康。 The organization works to promote friendship between nations.该组织旨在促进各国之间的友谊。 (2)使(某人)升级，擢升(某人)至……(to) The boy was promoted to the fourth grade. 这个男孩升到四年级。
2016年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英语科试题完形填空题一览 1、北京卷 第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答 题卡上讲该项涂黑。 A Race Aga inst Death It was a cold January in 1925 in North Alaska. The town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow. On the 20th of that mon th, Dr.Welch 36 a Sick boy, Billy, and knew he had diphtheria, a deadly infectious （传染的［disease mainly affecting children. The children of Nome would be 37 if it struck the town. Dr.Welch needed medicine as soon as possible to stop other kids from getting sick. 38 , the closest supply was over 1,000 miles away, in An chorage. How could the medici ne get to Nome? The tow n's 39 was already full of ice, so it could n't come by ship. Cars and horses could n't travel on the 40 roads. Jet airpla nes and big trucks did n't exist yet. 41 Ja nuary 26, Billy and three other childre n had died. Twemty more were 42 . Nome's tow n officials came up with a（n） 43 . They would have the medicine sent by 44 from Anchorage to Nenana. From there, dogeled（狗拉雪橇［drivers —known as “ mushers "w—uld 45 it to Nome in a relay（接力）. The race bega n on January 27. The first musher, Shannon, picked up the medici ne from the train at Nenana and rode all ni ght. 46 he han ded the medici ne to the next musher, Shannon's face was black from the extreme cold. On January 31, a musher named Seppala had to 47 a frozen body of water called Norton Sound」t was the most 48 part of the journey. Norton Sound was covered with ice,which could sometimes break up without warning.lf that happe ned,Seppala might fall into the icy water below.He would 49 ,and so would the sick childre n of Nome.But Seppala made it across. A huge snowstorm hit on February 1.Amusher named Kaasen had to brave this storm.At one point,huge piles of sonw blocked his 50 .He had to leave the trail （雪橇痕迹）to get around them.C on diti ons were so bad that it was impossible for him to 51 the trail aga in. The only hope was Balto,Kaasen ' s lead dog, Balto put his nose to the ground5 2 to find the smell of other dogs that had traveled on the trail.lf Balto failed,it would mean disaster for Nome.The minutes passed by.Suddenly, Balto bega n to 53 .He had foung the trail At 5:30 am on February 2, Kaasen and his dog 54 in Nome. Within minutes,Dr.Welch had the medicine.He quickly gave it to the sick children.All of them recoverd. Nome had bee n 55 . 425 36. A.exam ined 37. A.harmless 38. A. Moreover 39. A.airport B.warned B.helpless B.Therefore B.statio n B. snowy C.i nterviewed C. fearless C.Otherwise C. harbor C.busy D.cured D.careless D.However D.border D.dirty
2016普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新课标I） 英语试卷类型A 第Ⅰ卷 第二节（共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 Secret codes (密码)keep messages private。Banks, companies, and government agencies use secret codes in doing business, especially when information is sent by computer. People have used secret codes for thousands of years. 36 Code breaking never lags(落后) far behind code making. The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography. There are three main types of cryptography. 37 For example, the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels” Spell out the hidden message “Meet me.” 38 You might represent each letter with a number, for example. Let’s number the letters of the alphabet, in order, from 1 to 26. If we substitut e a number for each letter, the message “Meet me” would read “13 5 5 20 13 5.” A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences. To read the message of a real code, you must have a code book. 39 For example, “bridge” might stand for “meet” and “out” might stand for “me.” The message “Bridge out” would actually mean “Meet me.”40 However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long. So codes must be changed frequently. A. It is very hard to break a code without the code book. B. In any language, some letters are used more than others. C. Only people who know the keyword can read the message. D. As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them. E. You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out. F. With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words. G. Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet. 第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和D）中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Heroic Driver Larry works with Transport Drivers, Inc. One morning in 2009, Larry was 41along I65 north after delivering to one of his 42 .Suddenly, he saw a car with its bright lights on. 43 he got closer, he found 44 vehicle upside down on the road. One more look and he noticed 45 shooting out from under the 46 vehicle.
2010年山东高考英语作文 假设你是新华中学的学生李华，你和在上海上学的英国朋友Tom约好下周末去北京旅游，但你因故不能赴约。请根据以下要点用英语给他写一封电子邮件： 1. 表示歉意； 2. 解释原因； 3. 另约时间。 注意：1. 词数120~150； 2. 可适当增加细节。 【范文】 Dear Tom, I am indeed very sorry that I can not go to Beijing with you next week , which I have promised .I feel sorry for about it and want you to know what happened . Just now ,my cousin , Li Qiong , who left home to Australia for his further study last year , informed me that he would return this Saturday morning and asked me to pick him up at the airport with his family . You know , we haven’t seen each other for nearly a year . I sincerely hope you can accept my apologies and understand me . I would appreciate your allowing me to make another date to show you around Beijing .Once again ,I’m sorry for any inconvenience caused . Sincerely yours, Li Hua 2011年山东高考英语作文 假设你是李华，你的美国朋友Tom上个月来到北京学习。七月份你将去北京参加暑期中学生英语演讲比赛(speech contest)，你在资料搜集、语言运用等方面遇到了困难。请根据以下要点给Tom写一封电子邮件： 1．询问Tom的生活和学习情况； 2．谈谈你的困难并请Tom帮忙； 3．告诉Tom你打算赛后去看他。 注意：1．词数：120-150；2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 【范文】 Dear Tom, It’s a month since you studied in Beijing. How is everything going with you? I am really happy to spend such an unforgettable experience with you here. I am going to take part in an English speech contest for middle school students in July this summer. I think the chance is of great importance for me. To have a very good performance, I am making preparations for it. However, I still have some trouble in collecting useful materials. Meanwhile,I find it hard to use English properly. I would appreciate it if you could offer me a
上海市2016 届高三英语核心词汇复习：第 1 课时 (a ~ amount) I?单词拼写 1. The captain gave the order to a _______ ship because it was sinking. 2. Plants a ________ carbon dioxide and give off oxygen. 3. Tim was looking through an old photo a ________ , with pictures of Christmas. 4.1 'msorryaboutbreakingthevase,itwasana _________ ,ImeanIdidnotintendto do it. 5.1 ' ve opened an a ________ with the Agricultural Bank of China. 6. I will give you my a ________ and telephone number. 7. He has never achieved his a _________ of becoming a famous writer. 8. She was born without the a ________ to speak. 9. Shelly speak with a slight a ________ . 10. More than 75% of the land is used for a ________ . II. 单项选择 1. Hotel ____ will surely be scarce during the Beijing Olympic Games.A. problem question 2. He has been asked to ____ his conduct. A.refer to B. explain to C. account for D.B. accommodationC. serviceD.speak of 3. A billion people in the world will not have ____ to clean drinking water.A. actionB. advanceC. accessD. agreement 4. A good salesman must be ____ if he wants to succeed. A. kind B. cruel C. cold-blooded D. aggressive