2018年北京市高级中等学校招生考试
英语试卷
知识运用（共14分）
一、单项填空（共6分，每小题0. 5分）
从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. My brother and I like football. play it together once a week.
A. I
B. They
C. We
D. You
【答案】C
【解析】句意：我哥哥和我喜欢足球，我们每周一起玩一次。本题考查人称代词。A. 我；
B. 他们；
C. 我们；
D. 你们。结合语境“我哥哥和我喜欢足球，______每周一起玩一次。”。可知，应该是“我们”。故选C。
2. Happy birthday, Peter! Here’s a gift you.
A. for
B. in
C. with
D. from
【答案】A
【解析】句意：生日快乐，彼得！这是送给你的礼物。考查介词用法。A. 为了；B. 在……里；C. 和……；D. 来自。结合语境“生日快乐，彼得！这是送给你的礼物。”。表示“给……的生日礼物”。用for。故选A。
3. —do you usually go to school, Mary?
—By bike.
A. When
B. How
C. Where
D. Why 【答案】B
【解析】句意：——玛丽，你通常怎么上学？——骑自行车。考查疑问词。A. 什么时候；
B. 怎么；
C. 哪里；
D. 为什么。结合语境“玛丽，你通常怎么上学？骑自行车。”。可知，对乘坐某种交通工具提问，用疑问词how提问。故选B。
4. Many people like pandas they are cute.
A. though
B. if
C. while
D. because
【答案】D
【解析】句意：很多人喜欢熊猫，因为它们很可爱。考查从属连词的辨析。选项A意为：虽然；选项B意为：如果；选项C意为：当……时候；选项D意为：因为。结合句意：很多人喜欢熊猫，因为它们很可爱。故选D。
5. I go now, or I’ll miss my train.
A. can
B. might
C. must
D. could
【答案】C
【解析】句意：我必须走了，否则我就赶不上火车了。考查情态动词。A. 能；B. 可能；C. 必须；D. 能。结合语境“我______走了，否则我就赶不上火车了。”可知，应该是“必须”。故选C。
6. T ony is of the three boys, but he is the tallest.
A. young
B. younger
C. youngest
D. the youngest 【答案】D
【解析】句意：托尼是这三个男孩中最小的，但他是最高的。考查最高级。A. 年轻的；B. 更年轻的；C. 最年轻的，通常加the；D. 最年轻的。结合语境“托尼是这三个男孩中最小的，但他是最高的。”。of the three boys是三者以上的比较，可知，用最高级the youngest 最年轻的，最小的。故选D。
7. Bill likes reading. He picture books with his dad every evening.
A. read
B. reads
C. is reading
D. has read
【答案】B
【解析】句意：比尔喜欢读书。他每天晚上和爸爸一起看图画书。考查一般现在时。从every evening判断句子时态用一般现在时，排除C/D。主语是单数。故选B。
8. —Paul, what were you doing at nine Last night?
—I a movie in the cinema with my friends.
A. was watching
B. watch
C. have watched
D. will watch
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——保罗，你昨晚九点在干什么？——我和我的朋友正在电影院看电影。考查过去进行时。根据Paul, what were you doing at nine Last night？可知是过去进行时，因此答语也用过去进行时。所以B/C/D/都不对。过去进行时的结构为were/was+doing。故选A。
9. David is a tennis player, He to play tennis when he was six years o1d.
A. begins
B. will begin
C. began
D. has begun
【答案】C
【解析】句意：戴维是个网球运动员，六岁时就开始打网球了。从when he was six years o1d判断句子时态用一般过去时。故选C。
10. —Lucy, is your uncle a teacher?
—Yes, he is. He history for nearly 20 years.
A. teaches
B. has taught
C. is teaching
D. will teach
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——露西，你叔叔是老师吗？——是的，他教了将近20年的历史了。考查现在完成时。根据for nearly 20 years可知，这是一个表示一段时间的时间状语，通常用于现在完成时，而且动词应该用延续性动词，现在完成时态结构为have/has+动词的过去分词。故选B。
11. A new international airport in the city next year.
A. completes
B. is completed
C. will complete
D. will be completed
【答案】D
【解析】句意：一座新的国际机场明年将要在这所城市完工。一般将来时的被动语态。completes一般现在时；is completed 一般现在时的被动语态；will complete一般将来时；will be completed一般将来时的被动语态。根据句子的主语是“A new international airport”以及时间状语“next year”所以要用一般将来时的被动语态来填空，因此可知这句话的意思是“一座新的国际飞机场明年将要在这所城市完工。”故选D。
12. —Alice, could you tell me London?
—Sure. Last Sunday
A. when Mr. Smith left
B. when Mr. Smith wi11 leave
C. when did Mr. Smith leave
D. when will Mr. Smith leave
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——爱丽丝，你能告诉我史米斯先生什么时候离开伦敦的吗？——当然可以。上星期天。根据could you tell me _______? 可知，本题考查宾语从句，宾语从句中一般为陈述语序，选项C/D是疑问语序，所以排除掉；再根据Last Sunday，可知这里指的
是过去的时间，时态用一般过去时。故选A。
二、完形填空（共8分，每小题1分）
阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。
Real Solutions（解决方法）to Problems
Thirty engineers were working as a team in a company. They were young and eager to learn. The management decided to teach them about finding real solutions to problems
One day, the team was called for a ____13____in a hall. They were quite surprised and all reached the hall holding various____14____. As they entered, they found a box placed in the center, full of flat balloons
The manager asked everyone to pick a balloon and blow
it up. Then they were asked to write their names on their
respective(各自的)balloons ____15____so that the balloons
wouldn’t blow out. All tried, but not everyone was ___16___.
Five balloons blew out due to pressure（压力）.
Those who failed to mark their names on the balloons were ___17___ out of the game. As a result, 25 engineers came to the next level. All the balloons carrying their names were ___18___ and then put into a room, here and there.
The engineers were told to pick the balloon with his or her name on, All the 25 engineers began to search for the respective balloons in a rush. It was almost 15
minutes but no one was able to ___19___ the right one. The second level of the game was over.
Then came the final level. the engineers were asked to pick any balloon and give it to person named on the balloon. Within a couple of minutes, all balloons ___20___ the hands of the respective engineers.
The manager announced this was the real solution to the problem. Many times in our life, sharing and helping others give us real solutions to problems.
13. A. game B. show C. concert D. party
14. A. purposes B. suggestions C. thoughts D. plans
15. A. quietly B. carefully C. secretly D. clearly
16. A. honest B. ready C. patient D. successful
17. A. checked B. helped C. ruled D. cleaned
18. A. collected B. weighed C. tied D. cleaned
19. A. mark B. hide C. number D. find
20. A. freed B. reached C. lifted D. hit
【答案】13. A 14. C 15. B 16. D 17. C 18. A 19. D 20. B 【语篇解读】本文主要讲述的是关于协作的事情。游戏一：30名工程师，在气球上签名，结果5人被淘汰。游戏二：然后把成功签上名的气球放到一个房间里，先让25名工程师找带有自己名字的气球，结果很少成功；游戏三：让工程师们挑选任何一个气球，并把它送给签在气球上名字的人。结果几分钟内，所有气球都到达了各自的工程师手中。这个故事告诉
我们：一件事我们或许做起来很难，但是如果和别人一起做，相互帮助，就会事半功倍。【13题解析】
句意：有一天，三十名工程师被要求在大厅里参加游戏。考查名词辨析。A. game游戏；
B. show表演；
C. concert音乐会；
D. party聚会。下文提到The second level of the game was over游戏结束，故选A。
【14题解析】
句意：他们很惊讶，都走到大厅里，抱着各种各样的想法。考查名词辨析。A. purposes目的；B. suggestions建议；C. thoughts想法；D. plans计划。根据all reached the hall holding various带着各种_______ 来到这里，前面提到惊奇，所以是每个人有各自的想法。故选C。
【15题解析】
句意：然后要求他们在各自的气球上仔细地写上自己的名字，这样气球就不会爆了。考查形容词辨析。A. quietly轻轻的；B. carefully仔细的；C. secretly秘密的；D. clearly清楚的。根据the balloons wouldn’t blow out不能打破气球，所以是轻轻的。故选A。
【16题解析】
句意：大家都试过了，但不是每个人都成功了。考查形容词辨析。A. honest诚实的；B. ready 准备好的；C. patient有耐心的；D. successful成功的。根据Five balloons blew out due to pressure气球坏了5个，可知并不是所有人都成功了。故选D。
【17题解析】
句意：那些没有在气球上签名的人被排除在比赛之外。考查动词辨析。A. checked检查；
B. helped帮助；
C. ruled规则；
D. cleaned清晰。根据Those who failed to mark their names on the balloons 失败的人，所以是出局，rule out排除；故选C。
【18题解析】
句意：所有带着名字的气球都被收集起来，然后放在一个房间里，到处都是。考查动词辨析。
A. collected收集；
B. weighed称重；
C. tied打结；
D. cleaned打扫。根据then put into a room, here and there将气球放在房子里，所以是先把所有的气球收集起来。故选A。【19题解析】
句意：已经快15分钟了，但是没有人能找到带有自己名字的气球。考查动词辨析。A. mark 标记；B. hide躲藏；C. number计数；D. find找到。根据right one正确的那个人，由此推测是找到那个人。故选D。
【20题解析】
句意：几分钟内，所有气球都到达了各自的工程师手中。考查动词辨析。A. freed释放；
B. reached到达；
C. lifted 举起；
D. hit打击。根据the hands of the respective engineers 气球上名字对应的人，由此可知是交给那个人。故选B。
阅读理解（共36分）
三、阅读下列短文．根据短文内容，从文后各所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。（共26分，每小题2分）
A