新世纪大学英语第二版B2U5

Unit 5Teaching ObjectiveMaster the key words and structures and try to understand the pros and cons of rapid advances in medical science. While a medical break-through in face transplantation is coming true, it has also brought about ethical problems which were previously beyond imagination.Vocabularyagent benefit debate device master prospectbe aware be unlikely tobe unwilling to bring... to realitycarry out get ... to consentin hot demand throw upStructureIt is not (that)... but (that)without..., would be...SkillsHow to identify an author’s purpose in writingTeaching ProceduresLead In Activity; Study of the Text; Study of Words and Phrases; Study of Reading Skills; Study of Practical Reading; Study of Practical WritingI. Lead in1. Ethical Questions Raised by Medical Breakthrough Euthanasia (安乐死)Also called physician assisted suicide or mercy killing, it happens when a patient who can no long bear the pain wishes strongly to die. A physician supplies information and/or the means of committing suicide to the patient, for example, to give him large doses of morphine to control pain. Such doses of painkillers have a dual effect of relieving pain and hastening death. Administering such medication is regarded as ethical in most political jurisdictions and by most medical societies. But such a privilege may be misused by some physicians to purposely kill patients. The following case is the best to illustrate the point.Cloning (克隆)Since Dolly was cloned in 1997 by Ian Wilmut from Roslin Institute, Scotland, the issue of cloning human beings has concerned people. It has been a controversy as to whether it is ethical or moral to clone a human being, since the process of cloning a human is similar to that of cloning the lamb, Dolly.Living Organ Transplantation (活体移植)Transplantation is the transfer of living cells, tissues, or organs from one person to another or from one part of the body to another. Tissues or organs come from a donor. A donor can be a living person or a person who has recently died. Tissues and organs from a living donor are preferable because with these transplantation is more likely to be successful. However, some organs, such as the heart, obviouslycannot be taken from a living donor. Face can also be transplanted. Facial transplantation is especially needed by people who were disfigured. The process works as the following illustrates.2. Cosmetic SurgeryCosmetic surgery is concerned with therapeutic of cosmetic reformation of tissues. It includes: Blepharoplasty; Abdominoplasty (Tummy Tuck); Breast Surgery; Chemical Peels; Chin and Cheek Augmentation; Laser Resurfacing and Dermabrasion; Rhytidectomy; Forehead Lift; Hair Replacement; Liposuction; Otoplasty; Rhinoplasty; Sclerotherapy, etc. Cosmetic surgery serves as a help to make people become more beautiful by removing the unnecessary parts or adjusting the disfigured parts, thus it helps bring back confidence to those recipients.3. Face OffRelease date: June 27,1997Director: John WooThe story: Relentless FBI agent Sean Archer (John Travolta) catches super-terrorist Castor Troy (Nicolas Cage) in a violent arrest that results in an injured and unconscious Troy hospitalized with his bomb still ticking away in downtown LA. Archer must go dangerously undercover to investigate the location of a lethal biological weapon. Using pioneering surgical techniques, doctors remove Troy's face and graft it onto Archer, effectively giving him a living mask of the terrorist's face. Archer, masquerading as Troy, then attempts to discover the location of the bomb. But when the real Troy wakes upand discovers his grisly condition, he forces doctors to graft Archer's preserved face onto his head. With his identity now swapped, Troy-as-Archer sets about ruining Archer-as-Troy's life and perpetrating all kinds of evil mayhem in his good-guy guise.II. Text StudyIII. Lead in: W ords and Expressions:Man has made great progress in medical science and it seems every kind of miracle is being performed. Read the following text and get to know how.miracle n. an event that cannot be explained according to the laws of nature and is considered to be an act of God 奇迹The ancient Chinese created quite a few miracles.Rapid advances in medical science seem to throw up new ethical questions almost every day.Paraphrase:The quick development of medical science seems to raise moral questions almost every day.Not in some distant future, but now.Paraphrase:The possibility of transplanting a whole human face by grafting a dead person’s face onto a living person does not exist in some distant future, but now.throw up:v. phr.1) produce something new or unexpected 产生，出（人才）The current reform has thrown up new problems.2)build something such as a house quickly and not very well匆匆建造At the end of the 1990s, many houses were thrown up hastily in Sanya, Hainan Province.3) suddenly leave something such as a job or home; give up;abandon; quit 放弃，辞去，错过Since he had to take care of his daughter, he threw up his job.4) vomit 呕吐，喷发Being seriously sick in the bus, the little girl finally threw up.The volcano threw up last week.ethical: a.1)involving the principles used for deciding what is right and what iswrong 合乎道德的Y oung people nowadays do not care much about ethical standards.2)morally right 道德的，伦理的Cloning is more an ethical issue than a technical one.compare to: v. phr.consider how things or people are different and how they are similar 把…比作compare with 和…相比;compare and contrast 比较与对比（写作手法）transplant:v.1)take an organ from one person’s body and put it into another person’s body 移植His life was saved after a healthy kidney was transplanted.2)move a business, shop or person to a different place 迁移；移民Owing to the construction of Gezhou Dike, many people were transplanted from the Three Gorge area to Shanghai.graft: 1. v.1) transplant a portion of living tissue from one part of an individual to another, or from one individual to another移植皮、肉In the surgical operation, doctors successfully grafted his damaged skin.2)take a section from a plant and join it to a cut made in another plant 嫁接To have a good harvest and good breed, peaches have to be grafted.3)give people money or advantages in exchange for their help or support 贪污、受贿He was sentenced five-year imprisonment for grafting.2.n.1) a portion of living tissue surgically transplanted from one part of an individual to another, or from one individual to another（皮、肉）移植Skin grafts were taken from her thigh for burnt skin on her face.2) a piece taken from a plant and joined to a cut made in another plant 嫁接用的嫩枝或芽；嫁接结合部Before grafting, the farmer has to cut a graft on the peach tree.disfigure:v.spoil the appearance of someone or something 毁损…的外形（或容貌）The poor little girl was disfigured by sulphuric acid.Anyone living by the slogan: Live fast, die young and leave a pretty corpse, may soon find themselves in hot demand.Paraphrase:Anyone living by the slogan: Live an exciting life and die young, retaining one’s good looks, may soon find that many people will want their faces for facial transplantation when they die.Unfortunately they’re unlikely to enjoy the benefits of the attention. Paraphrase:Unfortunately there is no chance that they will profit from being the center of so much attention.The plot revolves around their new identities.Paraphrase:As the plot develops, many new problems arise as a result of their new identities.in hot demand: prep. phr. in great need 需求量大When Multinational companies localise in a host country, local people with high technology skills are usually in hot demand. Digital TV sets have been in hot demand.make a demand, meet/ satisfy one’s demands, make dem ands on, by popular demand, on demandagent:1)a person or company that does business for another person or company, for example by selling their products or by dealing with their customers 代理商，代理人Having been an agent for that world famous brand for ten years, John started his own business in the same field.2)someone who works for a country’s secret service and collects secret information about foreign governments政府特工人员He was discovered to be agent working for the American Federal Bureau of Investigation.3) something that causes change（发生作用或影响的）动因Disordered felling is one of the major agents of sand storms in thenorthern part of China.revolve around: v. phr.1)turn or spin around a central point使旋转The moon revolves around the Earth.2)have something as a very important part of purpose围绕，环绕When the new baby was born, family life revolved around it.concern: 1. n.1) a matter that engages one’s attention, interest, or care, or thataffects one’s welfare or happiness有关的事，关心的事，感兴趣的事The pollution proble m in Shanghai has been the concern of the People’s Congress for years.2)worry, solicitude, or anxiety关心，挂念，忧虑Mary feels concern for her mother’s failing health.2. v.1)worry someone 使关心，使挂念，使担心All the teachers in the department are concerned about the student who is suffering from blood cancer.2) be about a particular subject 关于The bribery concerns an official who used to be the pride of his old school.3) involve or affect someone涉及；对…有影响Many university students nowadays take no interest in things that donot concern them.concern oneself with / about, to whom it may concern, concerned, concerningwork on(something):v. phr. spend time producing or improving something 从事于，致力于He worked on his Ph.D dissertation for two years.work on (somebody) : v.phr. try to influence someone设法说服、影响The lawyer worked on him to change his decision.cf. work off:pay someone what you owe them by doing a job for them instead of giving them money 做工偿清Many illegal emigrants to America were forced to work off their debts.cf. work out: 1) solve a problem by doing a calculation算出Can you work out your expenses every month in order to make a reasonable budget?2) find a satisfactory way of doing things 制定出，设计出At the beginning of a new year, you should work out a plan.3) understand someone or something 理解Nobody could work him out.4) add up to a particular amount 达到…的数额His earning last year worked out at about 100,000 yuan.5) do physical exercise as a way of keeping fit锻炼Since the death of Wang Junyao, head of the Junyao Corporate, manyVIPs have started to work out at gyms.cf. work up: 1) develop a particular feeling逐步激起，逐步引起（情绪）He is such a cool person that nobody knows how to work him up. 2) develop something逐步建立Bill Gates worked hard at first to work up the present Microsoft.cf. work up to: prepare oneself to do something difficult or to try to prepare someone for bad news准备好，作好准备Before the battle, the commander in chief made a speech to his soldiers, working them up to a severe battle.Not for everyone.Paraphrase:Facial transplantation is not suitable for everyone.anti-: prefix1) preventing or curing something, used with some nouns and adjectives 抗anti-bacterial; anti-biotic2) opposed to someone or something 反anti-Japanese; anti-war3) with the opposite qualities or effects, used with somenouns and adjectives 相反anti-herode-: prefix used with many verbs, nouns and adjectives for giving a word the opposite meaning1)in verbs of Latin origin with the sense of “down, down from,down to” 向下，降低，贬depress, devalue, deflation2) “off, away, aside” 离开，脱离decline, desist, deduce3) “opposite”否定，取消，相反decentralize, detrain4) “ remove” 去除debone, dewater, defrostWith the face, it would be a very select group of people who would be suitable for th is…Paraphrase:With the face, it would be a very limited group of people who would be suitable recipients…But Butler is only too aware that there remains considerable public disquiet.Paraphrase:But Butler is very much aware that there is much public concern and unease about facial transplantation.live with something:accept something unpleasant that you cannot change 忍受，容忍Mr. Smith has to live with the fact that he could no longer stand up.cf. live with somebody:live in the same house with somebody 与…住在一起He has lived with Mary for three years.only too: as a matter of fact, extremelyThe university students are only too willing to help those poor children.We shall be only too happy to see you in China.debate:n.a discussion in which people or groups state different opinions辩论There has been intensive debate over the European Union Constitution.IV. summary of the textCf. the teacher’s bookV. Exercises and Supplementary Training。

新世纪大学英语综合教程n2-unit5New Century College English (Book Ⅱ)Unit5 Moral ValuesI. Teaching Objectives1. Learn about using vivid words for vivid pictures.2.Grasp the key words, Phrases and structure.3.Master the skills of writing and reading in this unit.1) Learning to generalize the statement by reading the concrete facts.2) Understanding the effective and artistic Use of words.II. Teaching Content1. Lead-in activities2. Text Organization3. Skill learning in writing and reading4. Language points ( key words, phrases and difficult sentences)5. Grammar Focus (subjunctive mood with if-clause, ”if” as the formal subject for an infinitive clause.)6. Guided Practice (exercises, oral practice and group work)III. Teaching Process1.Warm-up Activity1) Discussion.Do you think it is important for you to develop character? Explain your reasons..Who do you trust most in your everyday life? Explain why?2) Questions about TextWhy does the author think that seeking heroes in athletes, musicians and powerful business executives does necessarily provide us with good role model?3)Presenting the text by summing up the discussion.Many tend to believe that the only things we need for success are talent, energy and personality. Yet the story of the young and competent executive in the text demonstrates that such values as integrity, honesty, and loyalty are even more essential for our success and happiness4)Background InformationA).Stephen B. Covey (1932--)Stephen B. Covey is American consultant, speaker and author. His book The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People was named the No. 1 Most Influential Business Book of the 20th Century. In 1996, he was recognized as one of Time Magazine’s 25 m ost influential Amercians and one of Sales and Marketing Management’s top 25 power brokers.B).Thomas Jefferson (1743—1826)Thomas Jefferson is the third President of the US. From 1801 to 1809. Jefferson was an important member of the Continental Congress and wrote most of The Declararion of Independence. When he was president, the US bought the Louisiana Purchase, and the slave trade officially being legal.2.Text OrganizationPartⅠpara1-5 The bank president’s failing was one of character.PartⅡpara6-13The author insists that what really matters for success is one’s character rather than one’s personality PartⅢpara14-22One can build character at any age with the inside-out approach and by admitting mistakes. One’s family provides a critical measure of one’s character and the opportunity to nurture it.PartⅣpara23-28 The bank president was forgiven by his wifeand his employees after he admitted his mistake. He then began to find his own path to character3. Language Points.Difficult Sentences1).(Para. 4) He was thinking only of his own pleasure and satisfaction disregardinglong-term consequences.a. What’s the grammatical function of “disregarding long-term consequences”？(=现在分词短语作状语。

Listen and RespondTask One Focusing on the Main IdeasChoose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences according to the information contained in the listening passage.1 The philosophy professor began his lesson by ________.A) asking the students to be well seatedB) playing a game with the studentsC) asking the students to do a test on philosophyD) filling a large and empty glass bottle with rocks2 The professor put the items into the jar in the order of ________.A) rocks, beer, sand and pebblesB) rocks, pebbles, sand and beerC) sand, rocks, beer and pebblesD) pebbles, rocks, beer and sand3 According to the professor the rocks represent ________.A) different kinds of things in our lifeB) the things that matter in our life, like our job or our houseC) the most important things in our life, like our family or our healthD) the small stuff in our life4 The professor poured some beer into the jar because he wanted to________.A) mix the beer and the sand togetherB) arouse his students’ curiosity about natureC) draw his students’ attention to the small things in their lifeD) prove that even if our life may seem very full, there is always room for some enjoyment5 The message the professor tried to put across in his lecture is that ________.A) we should try our best to keep balance between our work and healthB) we should set priorities in our life and take care of the most important things firstC) we should pay attention to both the big things and the small stuff in our lifeD) no matter how full our life may seem, we can always enjoy a couple of beersTask Two Zooming In on the DetailsListen to the recording again and fill in each of the blanks according to what you have heard.1 A philosophy professor stood before his class with some items on the desk in front of him. When the final student was seated he picked up a large and empty glass bottle and filled it with rocks. He then asked the students if the jar was full . They agreed that it was.2 He then picked up a box of pebbles and added them to the jar, shaking it lightly. The pebbles, of course rolled into the open areas between the rocks. After that he poured some sand into bottle. The sand filledin everything else. Finally he took 2 cans of beer and poured it into the jar.3 Through this the professor wanted his students to recognize that this jar represents our life. The rocks are the important things in our life, like our family, our health … things that would still remain even if everything else were lost, and our life would still be full. The pebbles are the other things that matter— like our job or our house. The sand is the small stuff in our life. If we put the sand into the jar first there is no room for the pebbles or the rocks. So he told his students to set their priorities and pay attention to things that are critical to their happiness: their family, their health … The else is just sand.Read and ExploreTask One Discovering the Main Ideas1 Answer the following questions with the information contained in Text A.1) Why does Helen Keller think that it would be an excellent rule to live each day as if we should die tomorrow?Because she believes that such an attitude would emphasize sharply the value of life.2) According to Helen Keller, what is the right way to live each day? According to Helen Keller, we should live each day with a gentleness, a vigour, and a keenness of appreciation.3) What does Helen Keller mean by saying that most of us take life for granted?Although we all know that we will die sooner or later, we tend to picture that day as far in the future. So, we go about our petty tasks, hardly aware of our listless attitude towards life. In other words, we take life for granted.4) What does Helen Keller think of the attitude that most of us adopt towards our faculties and senses?She thinks that we tend to take our abilities to see and hear for granted and seldom make the fullest use of these blessed faculties. That is why we often fail to make our life fuller and richer.5) Why does Helen Keller think that it would be a blessing if each of us were stricken blind and deaf for a few days at some time during our early adult life?Because darkness would make us more appreciative of sight and silence would teach us the joys of sound.2 Text A can be divided into two parts with the paragraph number(s) of each part provided as follows. Write down the main idea of each part. Part: One; Paragraph(s): 1- 4; Main Idea: Most of us take life for granted. The author suggests that we live each day with a gentleness, a vigor, and a keenness of appreciation as if we should die tomorrow.Part: Two; Paragraph(s): 5–10; Main Idea: We should also make full use of our faculties and senses so as to live a fuller and richer life.Task Two Reading Between the LinesRead the following sentences carefully and discuss in pairs what the author intends to say by the italicized parts.1) What events, what experiences, what associations, should we crowd into those last hours as mortal beings? (Para. 2)Supp ose we know we are to die in just a few hours’ time. What should we think about doing during our last hours?2) We know that one day we must die, but usually we picture that day as far in the future. (Para. 4)… but often we think of our death as somethi ng that will only happen many years later.3) Particularly does this observation apply to those who have lost sight and hearing in adult life. (Para. 5)This is especially true of the people who have become blind and deaf after they have grown up.4) To me the colorful seasons are a thrilling and unending drama, the action of which streams through my finger tips. (Para. 8)It seems to me that the change of seasons is like an exciting drama and I can fully appreciate what is going on there just by my sense of touch.5) It is human, perhaps, to appreciate little that which we have and to long for that which we have not. (Para. 9)Perhaps, it is human nature that we do not truly cherish the things we already have but are always eager to get what we do not have.Checking Your VocabularyWord Detective1 Choose the definition in Column B that best matches each italicized word in Column A.1)b2)f3)d4) h5) j6) a7) i8)c2 The table below contains approximate synonyms and antonyms for some words from Text B. Complete the crossword puzzle that follows. If you have put in the correct words, you will discover a hidden vertical word that means "having or deserving great fame, honour, and admiration". What is the hidden word?1) STRAIGHTEN2) RELAXED3) LOWER4) INDIRECT5) RESPECTIVE6) OWE7) HOPEFUL8) CEASEThe hidden word is GLORIOUS.3 The italicized part in each of the following sentences can be paraphrased by a phrase or idiomatic expression from Text B. Play detective andfind it with the help of the clues.1) The waiting room is full of people travelling to the Maldives(马尔代夫). (Para. 1) bound for2) He left without even thanking me for returning his lost wallet. (Para.5) without so much as3) Laughter is fairly likely to be the best medicine. (Para. 9) may well4) It is much easier to owe money than to repay the debt. (Para. 11 / Para.12) fall / get into debt5) We couldn’t help laughing every time he behaved in a playful or comical manner in public. (Para. 13) played the fool6) All the troubles of life in the world will seem like a drop of salt water in a fresh water river when compared to life in Paradise. (Para.14) on earth7) Harry wants to recommend me as a member of the tennis club. (Para. 27) put my name up for8) An award for poetry was given to Philip Levine for his collection(作品集) “What Work Is”. (Para. 27) was bestowed onChecking Your Comprehension1 Answer the following questions with the information contained in TextB.1) What was the author going to Stockholm for?She was to receive the Nobel Prize in Literature in Stockholm.2) How did she feel about being awarded the Prize?She was very happy and anxious. And she felt a deep sorrow that her father, to whom she owed her success so much, had passed away and couldn’t share her happiness.3) Did the author really have a conversation with her father?No. Her father was no longer alive. She was talking with her father in her imagination.4) According to the author, how would her father respond when she told him that she was in debt?He would say he couldn’t help her because there was no money in Paradise.5) What did the author mean when she said that she was in debt?She meant that she owed her success to a) her father who taught her to love reading and the country and human life; b) other people who told her wonderful stories and gave her deeds to write about; c) nature, from which she learned so many secrets; d) those who had formed and molded the language into a good instrument and taught her to use it; e) the great writers in the past who turned writing into art; f) her readers; and g) those who singled her out for the Prize.2 Read the following sentences carefully and discuss in pairs what the author intends tosay by the italicized parts.1) I seem to have heard of such things happening to other people —why, then, not to myself ? (Para. 5)I have heard of other people meeting their dead family members in Paradise, so why should I not do the same?2) The train went gliding on but it had a long way to go yet, and my thoughts raced ahead of it. (Para. 5)The train moved smoothly forward. There was still a long way to go. So, I began to daydream and my thoughts sped even faster than the train.3) …, just as I am about to break my news to him, I will decide to keep it back just a while longer and try the indirect approach. (Para. 8)…, just before I am to tell him the news, I will decide to wait for a while and tell him indirectly.4) One may well say of this place that it has everything except money. (Para. 9)One is likely to think that Paradise has everything except money.5) It is not too much to ask that you should help. (Para. 11)I have proper reasons to ask you for help.6) I will not rack my brains about problems that no one in Heaven or on earth can solve. (Para. 28)I will not try so hard to solve problems that can’t be solved.Enhance Your Language AwarenessWords in ActionWorking with Words and Expressions1 In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with the words given. Change the form where necessary.1) Their experiment stretched over a period of ten years. At last, their efforts paid off.2) Communication is the only remedy against conflict within the family.3) You’d bette r confine your summary to the main idea; don’t try to talk about the trivial things.4) Truly remarkable progress has been made in a short period of time, which is the result of the hard work of everyone involved.5) Thank you for your kind help — I think I owe you a favour.6) When he sleeps by the window on hot summer afternoons, he tends to lower the curtain to keep out the sun.7) Joseph did give me a quick reply this time, but I wonder why he made no response to my last question.8) History will reveal the truth in the future and they will realize whata wrong thing they did.9) The camel is characterized by an ability to go without water for days.10) It is hard to picture him as a government official because he looks so funny, but I bet he makes a good one.11) Men should open up their minds and adopt a correct attitude towards women.12) Since all of us were tired, Martin proposed that we take a short rest before continuing our work.13) Seeing a big snake under the table, Sophia could not help trembling from head to foot.2 In the boxes below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do you understand their meanings? Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary.1) Rosa was singled out for praise by the teacher because her art project was so creative.2) Rebecca told us most of the story but kept back the bit about herself because she didn’t want to make her good de ed known.3) The local people tell me it is all but impossible to climb up to the top of the snowy mountain.4) Marilyn Monroe went to Hollywood in search of fame(名气) and fortune.5) In Heaven let us be two birds flying ever together, and on earth two trees with branches interlocked(连结) forever.6) Last but not least, I would like to thank all of you, and in particular the Chairman, Dr. Rogers, for his full support over the last threeyears.7) Oliver is a respected engineer, manager and teacher, but first and foremost he is a kind father and loving husband, which is something hetakes great pride in.8) When he took in what was happening and realized something was wrong, he decided to get away quickly.Increasing Your Word Power1 In English some adjectives cannot be used as pre-nominal modifiers. Instead, they can only follow link verbs and function as the predicative, e.g. alone,afraid, asleep, awake, alive, alike, unable, ill, glad, sorry, fond. Hence, we can say a frightened girl or a sick boy, but it is wrong to say *an afraid girl or *an illboy.In each of the following sentences you are given two words in brackets. Choose the appropriate one to fill in the blank. Please note that for some sentences,both words are acceptable.1) I know how you feel, because I have a similar problem. (similar, alike)2) I think my mother and I are very much alike / similar in many ways. (similar, alike)3) She looked lovingly at the sleeping child. (asleep, sleeping)4) The little boy was so tired that he was sound asleep within seconds. (asleep, sleeping)5) She greeted us with a cheerful smile. (glad, cheerful)6) She was glad that the birthday party was a success. (glad, cheerful)7) Don’t be afraid / frightened. We’re not going to hurt you. (afraid, frightened)8) Two frightened children were hiding in a corner of the room. (afraid, frightened)9) A brother in Australia is Mary’s only living relative. (alive, living)10) Not knowing whether he’s dead or alive is a terrible feeling. (alive, living)2 Fill in each blank in the following sentences with a proper word or phrase in the table.1) If the angry workers are determined to strike, they will do so regardless of what the law says.2) While / Though / Although she is a likable girl, she can be extremely difficult to work with.3) Try as she might, Mary couldn’t get the door open.4) In spite of / Despite the slight improvement in sales, the company is still in financial difficulty.5) Though / Although / While there was no conclusive(结论性的) evidence, most people thought he was guilty.6) The young man has shown a total disregard for the law and for public safety.7) The rate of contribution to the pension(养老金) plan is the same for all employees, regardless of age.8) We all went to see the film in spite of / despite the heavy rain.9) If you disregard the policeman’s instruction, you may get arrested.10) Brave as she was, she trembled at the sight of the huge snake.3 Word BuildingIn English, there are some locative(表示位置的) prefixes, such as cross-, fore-, inter-, extra-, intra-, intro-. They are used to form new words, as is shown in the following table.Now match each of the English words in Column A with its Chinese meaning in Column B. You may consult a dictionary if necessary.1)o2) g3) i4) n5) b6) k7) h8) c9)d10) a11) l12) m13) e14) j15)fGrammar in ContextTask 1: Study the following paragraphs from the texts in this unit, paying special attention to the sequence of tenses. Reflect on its grammatical function in each sentence.And then fill in each blank of the following passage with the proper form of the verb given in brackets, paying special attention to the sequence of tenses.One day my wife reminded me that I needed to spend time with the people I love. So I started dating another woman.The "other woman" my wife 1) was encouraging / encouraged (encourage) me to date is my mother, a 72-year-old widow who 2) has lived (live) alone since my father died 20 years ago. Right after his death,I moved 2,500 miles away to California. There I 3) had worked (work)for 14 years beforeI moved back near my hometown. When I was back Ipromised myself that I4) would spend (spend) more time with Mom. Butwith the demands of my joband three kids, I never got around to seeing hermuch beyond family get-togethers and holidays.She was surprised and suspicious when I called and suggested the two of us 5) should go / go (go) out to dinner and a movie.“What’s wrong?” she asked.“I thought it 6) would be (be) nice to spend some time with you,”I said. “Just the two of us.”“I’d like that a lot.” she repl ied.When I pulled into her driveway, she 7) was waiting (wait) by the door with her coat on. Her hair was curled, and she 8) was smiling (smile). “I told my lady friends I 9) was going (go) out with my son, and they were all impressed,” she said as she 10) got (get) into my car. “They can’t wait to hear about our evening.”We didn’t go anywhere fancy(昂贵的), just a neighbourhood place where we could talk. We had a nice talk over dinner, just catching up with each other’s lives. We talked for so long that we 11) missed (miss) the movie.Now Mom and I 12) go (go) out for dinner a couple of times a month. Sometimes we take in a movie, but mostly we talk. I tell her about my work, the kids and Peggy. Mom tells me about her past. We also talk about the future.Dating with my mom 13) has helped (help) my marriage. After 22 years of marriage, I 14) have discovered (discover) the secret to keeping love and intimacy alive in my relationship with my wife, Peggy.Task 2: Complete the following sentences with proper tenses of the verbs given in brackets.1) By the end of April, Peter will have stayed (stay) here for three months.2) After searching for half an hour, she realized that her glasses had been lying (lie) on the table all the time.3) Ever since the family moved to the suburbs(郊区) last year, they have been enjoying (enjoy) better health.4) There has been (be) marked progress in building the social security system in the past few years.5) Bob’s leg got hurt while we were climbing (climb) the Purple Mountains.6) If you smoke in the non-smoking section, people will object (object).7) If she doesn’t tell him the truth now, he’ll simply keep on asking her until she does (do).8) We will let you use the room on condition that you keep (keep) it clean and tidy.9) They had intended (intend) to visit you, but their car broke down.10) I don’t like his personality because he is always complaining (complain) about life.ClozeComplete the following passage with words chosen from Text A. The initial letter of each is given.Many of us have read interesting and exciting stories in which the main character has only a limited time to live. Such stories s et (1) us thinking, wondering what we should do under similar c ircumstances (2). Sometimes I have thought it would be an excellent rule to live each day a s i f (3) we should die tomorrow. Such an attitude would emphasize sharply the v alue (4) of life. We should live each day with a gentleness, a vigor, and a keenness of appreciation w hich (5) are often lost when time stretches before us in the c onstant (6) panorama of more days to come. Most of ustake life for g ranted (7). We seldom think of it. We go about our petty tasks, hardly a ware (8) of our listless attitude towards life. The same listlessness c haracterizes (9) the use of our faculties and senses. Only the deaf a ppreciate (10) hearing, only the blind realize the blessings that lie in sight. But those w ho (11) have never suffered loss of sight or hearing d amage (12) seldom make the fullest use of these blessed faculties. I have often thought it would be a blessing if each human being were s tricken (13) blind and deaf for a few days at some time d uring (14) his early adult life. Darkness would make him more appreciative of sight; silence would teach him the joys of sound.TranslationTranslate the following sentences into English, using the words and expressions given in brackets.1) 这种情景总是令我感动，让我深思。

Unit fiveDilemma for Science教学目的（teaching objective）：Master the key words and structures. and try to understand the pros and cons of rapid advances in medical science .While a medical break through in face trans plantation is coming true, it has also brought about ethical problems which were pr eviously beyond imagination.教学内容、课时安排及方法设计教学难点（teaching difficulties）：1.Understand every sentence correctly in the text;2.The usage of grammar: 条件状语从句3.Sentence making: It is not (that)…but (that) ; without … ; would be… ; bring … to reality ; get … to consent .教学方法（teaching methods）：课文以启发式提问导入，采用讲授法。

通过教师分析、讲解、提问使学生掌握重点难点。

阅读采用阅读指导法：重点指导阅读技巧。

练习采用练习辅导法：指导学生正确完成课后练习。

实验法：主要应用于听力训练和课堂讨论；教学手段（teaching instruments）：板书和多媒体教学相结合，使用语音设备进行听力训练。

教学过程（teaching procedures）：The first period1. Greeting (Ask students some questions)Good morning ……2 ; Revision (Questions)1)What kind of images illustrate this article ?2)What kind of expression was in Mohammed all-Durr ah’s eyes and what kind of impact did it have on the viewers ?3)What can power images d story according to this article ?4)What is it that made the 1968 picture by Eddie Adams famous ?5)What can images of individual above do to people’s minds3.Lead inDirections:1)Ask the students to look at the pictures on page 73 in the textbook and dis cuss in pairs what they can learn from the pictures , and what pictures make them think of . They should try to make use of the words given under “Ideas”.2)The students should discuss in pairs whether a medical breakthrough is alw ays beneficial to human beings and how advances in science can be made to rep ort their partner’ opinion to the class.3)Ask the students to imagine a once disfigured person with a new face froma dead person. They should also try to find out what the biggest problem in such a transplantation is and whether this technique could be misused.Background informationDirections: The teacher introduces the background information of the text1)Ethical QuestionMedical science advancement often raise ethical questions. The story for the y ear 1997 was the cloning controversy, the public debate over cloning beings. Ian Wilmot, the laboratory midwife to the world-famous, Dolly, never intended to cultural explosion ignited by this new scientific achievement continues to generate its fallo ut.2)Face offIt is a film dedicated to the best action adventure of all time, produced by star director and action specialist John Woo. To find out where the terrorist Ca stor Troy (Nicolas Cage) hid the bomb, FBI agent Sean Archer (John Travolta) und ergoes a radical new surgery allowing him to switch faces with comatose Castor a nd assume his identity. But when Castor awakens and assumes Sean’s identity, th e real Sean is thrust into an unimaginable nightmare fighting not only for his own l ife, but also those of his wife (Joan Allen) and daughter.1. Study the New words and expressionsDirections:1) listen to the tape recording or ask the students to read the new words,2) correct the pronunciation, ask the students to read after the teacher.3) explain some usage of words and phrases and the methods of learning ne w words such as word building.The second and third periods:1. Study the text in detail :Directions:1) listen to the tape recording or ask students to read the text2) explain the text paragraph by paragraph.3) Language Points of the textLINES 1-6Dilemma : difficult choice between two (had) things ; problem 两难境地；困难Examples :1)Her dilemma was whether to stay on at home or get a job .Rapid : fact 快的2)The doctor’s dilemma was whether he should tell the patient the truth .Example : He made a rapid recovery after the operation .Throw up : produce ; bring into existence 产生，提出Example : The discussion has thrown up a lot of interesting ideas .Breakthrough : an important advance (of) or discovery ; major achievement . 突破Scientist have made a significant breakthrough in the treatment of cancer .Transplant : use a sound organ to replace a patients diseased organ .Example : His hands were hardly burned and he had to have skin transplante d .QUESTIONS1)What are rapid advances in medical science likely to bring about .2)What is science fiction ?3)What dramatic medical breakthrough is mentioned in this paragraph ?LINES 7-12Benefit : 1-作动词：对……有益（do good to）Example : Take this medicine every six hours , it will benefit you a lot .2-作名词：利益、好（anything that bring help , advantage , or pr ofit)Example : What are the chief benefit of exercise ?Implication : What is involved by something else 牵连，含意，暗示Examples :1)What is the implication of that statement ?2)The journalists discussed the political implications of the war .Recipient : a person who receives something 接受者Example :The recipients of the prizes had their names printed in the paper .TRUE OR FALSE1)The breakthrough would greatly benefit all people .2)Transplanting will not bring any problems .3)The breakthrough would greatly benefit people disfigured by injury or disease .Lines 13-18In hot demand : in great need 热门货Examples1)Taxis are in hot demand on rainy days in a city like this .2)Oil is in hot demand these days .3)With the improvement of people’s living standards green food must be in hot demand .Be (un) likely to do : (不)可能做某事Examples :1)They are doing much better than before but they are unlikely to win the cup now .2)Once people have seen that something actually works, they are mush more likely to accept it .Prospect : something expected or considered probable 可能性、前景、寻找、勘探Example : He gave up halfway because he didn't see any prospect of succes s .Undergo : experience ;pass through 经历、遭受Examples :1)The word is undergoing complicated and profound changes .2)The mountaineers underwent many difficulties before they reached the top of the mountain .True or False1)Everyone can leave a beautiful corpse .2)All kinds of corpses many soon find themselves in hot demand .3)The young person of living fast must die early .4)Pretty corpse can enjoy the benefits of the attention .5)The facial transplantation is very easy .6)The surgery of transplantation may seem more like a science fiction plot .Lines 19-28Revolve around : have as a center or the main subject 围绕…展开Examples :1)Because the whole family revolves around him he is regarded as the in the palm .2)Their talk tends to revolve mostly around the coming party .identity : who or what a particular person or thing is 身份，本身，Examples :1)A traveler’s p assport established his identity .2)There was no clue to the identity of the murder .It is not a question ……but ……不是一个什么问题而是什么什么Examples :1)It is not a question whether you can go there but should you go there .2)It is not a question whether he can help you but should he help you .Have concern whether 关注……是否是……Examples :1)The flood is under control but we have concerns whether it will come again .2)He got the job but be has concerns whether he might lose it someday .True or False1)The film face off revolves around facial transplantation .2)John Travolta is not an actor of the film Face off .3)Laser technology is one of ways to transplant .4)The technique of transplantation couldn't be misused by criminals and ordina ry people .5)Criminals use the technology to make them more attractive .6)It is a question to use the technique and we shouldn't do it .7)Peter Butler is a doctor of face transplantation in LondonLines 29-42Device : something made for a particular purpose 装置、发明物、策略Example :He made a device t let the door shut by itself .Consent : agreement or permission 同意许可Examples :1)I ought to have asked for your consent beforehand .2)I still can’t conceive how you managed to get his consent .Attach :1)Fasten or join 联络加入Example : Be sure to attach the label to your luggage .2)Bind by love 依附Example : Tom was so attached to has mother .Questions1)What makes facial transplantation possible ?2)Why is facial transplantation so complex and difficult ?3)What does the word “de-glove” mean in this context ?4)What is the biggest problem in facial transplantation ?5)What is probably most important step in facial transplantation ?6)Why is successful nerve regeneration so important ?Lines 43-56Tone :1)The sound of a voice or of a musical instrument 声调，口气Example : I don’t like you talking to me in that tone .2)Shade (for color); degree (of light)Example : The room is furnished in various tone of brown .Severe : very bad , hard ; not kind or gentle 严重的；凶残的Example : His quick recovery from a severe illness was surprising . Overcome : successfully deal with and control a problem or a feeling .克服Examples :1)Finally he overcome his fear of height .2)The learner of a second language has many obstacles to overcome .Be aware : be known 意识到，知道Examples :1)I was too sleepy to be aware how cold it was .2)She is aware that I’m leaving for Honking .3)You must be aware what you did was quite illegal .Carry out : perform 执行，实施Examples :1)The government has worked out a new plan to help than , and it will be ca rried out next year .2)They will take some measures to make sure that all the proposals will be c arried out .Debate : formal discussion 辩论Example : The had a heated on the question of capital punishment .QUESTIONS1)In what is the recipient like the donor ?2)Is facial transplantation suitable for everyone ?3)What kind of people could benefit from facial transplants ?4)What is implied in the second sentence ?5)What is Butler aware of ?6)How did he know that ?7)What’s Butler’s opinio n about the future of facial transplantation ?The fourth period:Directions: Review the text by reading and ask some words and phrases acco rding to the text so that the teacher can know whether the students understand th e text completely.1.words and phrases围绕着revolve around科幻小说science fiction产生throw up Chances of success prospectMain , principal masterBadly needed in hot demandRaise , give rise to throw upBe prepared to do be willing to doPresent something as a gift donate愿意做be willing to do意识到，观察到be aware of实现bring…to reality对…的需求量很大in hot demand与…交换trade…with使…同意get…to consent不太可能做be unlikely to do超级罪犯 a master criminal2. Summary of the TextDirections: The teacher concludes the textOne of the exciting medical breakthroughs today is facial transplantation. Doct ors, with the assistance of modern microsurgical devices and anti-rejection drugs, c ould graft a dead person’s face on to a living person through a very sophistic ated surgical operation , as found typically in science fiction. They claim that if the oper ation of facial transplantation comes out successful, the patient would have the sa me skin quality and facial expressions as those of the dead person, though the fac e itself may look slightly different.However, aware of the deep psychological implications for people involved in a facial transplantation, doctors are very cautions about the application of the techn ique and would restrict it to only a limited group of patients suffering facial deformit ies from injuries or certain diseases. At the same time, the public is quite concerned about facial transplantation since criminals and other people could take advantage of the technology, thus causing moral problems to society.3. HomeworkDirections: Assign the students to do all the exercises.The fifth and sixth period:Exercises:Directions: Ask the students to do the exercises in class. The teacher will corr ect the mistakes and explain the important and difficult points.1. Focus on:2. work out:A: Read the text and then complete statements. B: Fill in the blanks with wor ds and phrases from the Vocabulary Snapshot.C: Complete the sentences with the proper forms of the words given in blank s.D: Rearrange the words into sentencesE: Translate the Chinese into English.F: Make sentences according to the models of sentence structure.The seventh period:Grammar: 条件状语从句Directions: The teacher explains the definition of the grammar, and then ask t he students to practice1.除了if 与unless引导条件状语从句外，providing , provided (that) , suppose (th at) , so (as) long as , on condition that , in case 等也可以引导Examples :1) As long as you keep on learning , you are sure to master the English lang uage .2) Suppose / supposing she is absent from the meeting , what shall we do ?2.好的条件{可用providing , provided (that) on condition that 代替}不好的条件{不能用以上的词代替名单可用as (so) long as 代替}Examples :1)If I make any mistake in my work , please point it out .2)If our team wins the match , please let me know at once .3)I will go provided (that) you will go with me .3.Only if : 引导的从句常用陈述语气“只要…”。

新世纪综合英语（英专）第二版unit5fourteensteps教案wordUnit 5 Fourteen StepsSection One Pre-reading Activities (2)I. Audiovisual supplement (2)II. Cultural information (2)Section Two Global Reading (3)I. Main idea (3)II. Structural analysis (3)Section Three Detailed Reading (4)Text I (4)Section Four Consolidation Activities (14)I . Vocabulary Analysis (14)II Grammar Exercises (17)III. Translation exercises (19)IV Exercises for integrated skills (20)V Oral activities (21)VI Writing Practice (21)VII Listening Exercises (22)Section Five Further Enhancement (25)I. Text II (25)II. Memorable Quotes (27)Unit 5 Fourteen StepsSection One Pre-reading ActivitiesI. Audiovisual supplementWatch a video and answer the following questions.1. What did the mother mean at the end of the video2. What do you know about the movie Forrest Gump （插入视频）Answers to the Questions:1. She was trying to tell her boy that everybody should be treated equally, even for those who had some physical or intelligence problems.2. Forrest Gump is a 1994 film based on Winston Groom’s 1986 novel of the same name. The film, directed by Robert Zemeckis, stars Tom Hanks, Robin Wright Penn, and Gary Sinise. The story is of Forrest Gump, an ordinary man who comes from Alabama and his journey through life meeting historical figures, influencing popular culture, and experiencing firsthand historic events of the late 20th century.Script:Doctor: Let’s take a little walk around. H ow do those feel His legs are strong, Mrs. Gump, as strong as I’veever seen. But his back’s as crooked as a politician.But we’re going to straighten him right up, aren’twe, ForrestMother: Forrest!Voiceover:Now, when I was a baby, Mama named me after the great Civil War hero General Nathan Bedford Forrest. She said we was related to him in some way. What he didwas, he started up this club called the Ku Klux Klan.They’d all dress up in their robes and theirbedsheets and act like a bunch of ghosts or spooksor something. They’d even put bedsheets on theirhorses and ride around. Anyway, that’s how I got myname —Forrest Gump. Mama said the Forrest part wasto remind me that sometimes we all do things that,well, that just don’t make no sense.Mother: All right. What are y’all staring at Haven’t youever seen a little boy with braces on his legs beforeDon’t ever let anybody tell you they’re better thanyou, Forrest. If God intended everybody to be thesame, he’d have given us all braces on our legs. Voiceover: Mama always had a way of explaining things so I could understand them.II. Cultural information。

Unit 5 Fourteen StepsSection One Pre-reading Activities (2)I. Audiovisual supplement (2)II. Cultural information (2)Section Two Global Reading (3)I. Main idea (3)II. Structural analysis (3)Section Three Detailed Reading (4)Text I (4)Section Four Consolidation Activities (14)I . Vocabulary Analysis (14)II Grammar Exercises (17)III. Translation exercises (19)IV Exercises for integrated skills (20)V Oral activities (21)VI Writing Practice (21)VII Listening Exercises (22)Section Five Further Enhancement (25)I. Text II (25)II. Memorable Quotes (27)Unit 5 Fourteen StepsSection One Pre-reading ActivitiesI. Audiovisual supplementWatch a video and answer the following questions.1. What did the mother mean at the end of the video2. What do you know about the movie Forrest Gump（插入视频）Answers to the Questions:1. She was trying to tell her boy that everybody should be treated equally, even for those who had some physical or intelligence problems.2. Forrest Gump is a 1994 film based on Winston Groom’s 1986 novel of the same name. The film, directed by Robert Zemeckis, stars Tom Hanks, Robin Wright Penn, and Gary Sinise. The story is of Forrest Gump, an ordinary man who comes from Alabama and his journey through life meeting historical figures, influencing popular culture, and experiencing firsthand historic events of the late 20th century.Script:Doctor: Let’s take a little walk around. How do those feel His legs are strong, Mrs. Gump, as strong as I’veever seen. But his back’s as crooked as a politician.But we’re going to straighten him right up, aren’twe, ForrestMother: Forrest!Voiceover:Now, when I was a baby, Mama named me after the great Civil War hero General Nathan Bedford Forrest. Shesaid we was related to him in some way. What he didwas, he started up this club called the Ku Klux Klan.They’d all dress up in their robes and theirbedsheets and act like a bunch of ghosts or spooksor something. They’d even put bedsheets on theirhorses and ride around. Anyway, that’s how I got myname —Forrest Gump. Mama said the Forrest part wasto remind me that sometimes we all do things that,well, that just don’t make no sense.Mother: All right. What are y’all staring at Haven’t you ever seen a little boy with braces on his legs beforeDon’t ever let anybody tell you they’re better thanyou, Forrest. If God intended everybody to be thesame, he’d have given us all braces on our legs. Voiceover: Mama always had a way of explaining things so I could understand them.II. Cultural information1. QuoteI am quite often asked: How do you feel about having ALS The answer is, not a lot. I try to lead as normal a life as possible, and not think about my condition, or regret the things it prevents me from doing, which are not that many.—Stephen Hawking（适当位置插入图片Stephen Hawking）Section Two Global ReadingI. Main ideaIt is hard to imagine that a blind old man should be willing and able to fix a car for someone else on a dark stormy night. This happened to the author, a crippled man who was afflicted by a progressive disease and who took others’help for granted. Up to that day, the author had lived in disillusionment, self-pity, indifference and selfishness, as he was becoming increasingly feeble. He struggled to climb the fourteen steps every day only to hold on to his sanity, his wife, his home andhis job. After he met the blind old man, it suddenly dawned on him that even a handicapped person was capable of performing an act of love for his fellow beings, and that was where the value of life lies.II. Structural analysis1.How many parts can the text be divided into and what’s thetopic of each partAccording to the development of the story, the text could be divided into four parts, each of which focuses on one topic.Respectively, these topics are about the author’s first life, his second life, his third life and his reflection on the auto-repair incident.2.Summarize the main idea of each part by completing the table.Section Three Detailed ReadingText IFourteen StepsHal Manwaring1 They say a cat has nine lives,1and I am inclined to thinkthat possible since I am now living my third life and I’m not even a cat. My first life began on a clear, cold day in November 1934, when I arrived as the sixth of eight children of a farming family. My father died when I was 15, and we had a hard struggle to make a living. As the children grew up, they married, leaving only one sister and myself to support and care for Mother, who became paralyzed in her last years and died while still in her 60s. My sister married soon after, and I followed her example within the year.2 This was when I began to enjoy my first life. I was veryhappy, in excellent health, and quite a good athlete. My wife and I became the parents of two lovely girls. I had a good job in San Jose and a beautiful home up the peninsula in San Carlos. Life was a pleasant dream. Then the dream ended. I became afflicted with a slowly progressive disease of themotor nerves, affecting first my right arm and leg, and then my other side. Thus began my second life …3 In spite of my disease I still drove to and from workeach day, with the aid of special equipment installed in my car. And I managed to keep my health and optimism, to a degree, because of 14 steps.4 Crazy Not at all. Our home was a split-level affair with14 steps leading up from the garage to the kitchen door.Those steps were a gauge of life. They were my yardstick, my challenge to continue living. I felt that if the day arrived when I was unable to lift one foot up one step and then drag the other painfully after it — repeating the process 14 times until, utterly spent, I would be through —I could then admit defeat and lie down and So I kept on working, kept on climbing those steps. And time passed. The girls went to college and were happily married, and my wife and I were alone in our beautiful home with the 14 steps.5 You might think that here walked a man of courage andstrength. Not so. Here hobbled a bitterly disillusioned cripple, a man who held on to his sanity and his wife and his home and his job because of 14 miserable steps leadingup to the back door from his As I became older, I became more disillusioned and frustrated.6 Then on a dark night in August, 1971, I began my thirdlife. It was raining when I started home that night; gusty winds and slashing rain beat down on the car as I drove slowly down one of the less-traveled Suddenly the steering wheel jerked in my hands and the car swerved violently to the right.In the same instant I heard the dreaded bang of a blowout.I fought the car to stop on the rain-slick shoulder of theroad and sat there as the enormity of the situation swept over It was impossible for me to change that tire! Utterly impossible! A thought that a passing motorist might stop was dismissed at once. Why should anyone I knew I wouldn’t! ThenI remembered that a short distance up a little side road wasa house. I started the engine and thumped slowly along,keeping well over on the shoulder until I came to the dirt road, where I turned in —thankfully. Lighted windows welcomed me to the house and I pulled into the driveway and honked the horn.7 The door opened and a little girl stood there, peeringat me. I rolled down the window and called out that I hada flat tire and needed someone to change it for me becauseI had a crutch and couldn’t do it myself. She went into thehouse and a moment later came out bundled in raincoat and hat, followed by a man who called a cheerful greeting. I sat there comfortable and dry, and felt a bit sorry for the man and the little girl working so hard in the storm. Well, I would pay them for it. The rain seemed to be slackening a bit now, and I rolled down the window all the way to watch.It seemed to me that they were awfully slow and I was beginning to become impatient. I heard the clank of metal from the back of the car and the little girl’s voice came clearly to me. “Here’s the jack-handle, Grandpa.”She was answered by the murmur of the man’s lower voice and the slow tilting of the car as it was jacked There followed a long interval of noises, jolts and low conversation from the back of the car, but finally it was done. I felt the car bump as the jack was removed, and I heard the slam of the truck lid, and then they were standing at my car window.8 He was an old man, stooped and frail-looking under hisslicker. The little girl was about eight or ten, I judged, with a merry face and a wide smile as she looked up at me.He said, “This is a bad night for car trouble, but you’reall set now.”“Thanks,”I said. “How much do I owe you”He shook his head. “Nothing. Cynthia told me you were a cripple — on crutches. Glad to be of help. I know you’d do the same for me. There’s no charge, friend.”I held outa five-dollar bill. “No! I like to pay my way.” He madeno effort to take it and the little girl stepped closer to the window and said quietly, “Grandpa can’t see it.”9 In the next few frozen seconds the shame and horror ofthat moment penetrated and I was sick with an intensity I had never felt before.7 A blind man and a child! Fumbling, feeling with cold, wet fingers for bolts and tools in the dark — a darkness that for him would probably never end until death. I don’t remember how long I sat there after they said good night and left me, but it was long enough for me to search deep within myself and find some disturbing traits. I realized that I was filled to overflowing with self-pity, selfishness, indifference to the needs of others and I sat there and said a prayer.10“Therefore all things whatsoever ye would that men should do to you, do ye even so to them: for this is the law and the prophets.”9To me now, months later, this Scripturaladmonition is more than just a passage in the Bible. It isa way of life, one that I am trying to follow. It isn’talways easy. Sometimes it is frustrating, sometimes expensive in both time and money, but the value is there.I am trying now not only to climb 14 steps each day, but inmy small way to help others. Someday, perhaps, I will changea tire for a blind man in a car —someone as blind as I hadbeen.Paragraphs 1-2Questions:1. What can we infer about the author’s childhood (Paragraph 1)We can infer that he lived an unhappy and hard life in his childhood because of the early death of his father and the poor health of his mother.2. How did his second life begin (Paragraph 2)His second life began when he was afflicted with a slowly progressive disease of the motor nerves, affecting first hisright arm and leg, and then his other side.Words and Expressions1. be inclined to be likely or tend to do sth.. In the first instance I was inclined to refuse, but then I reconsidered.起初我想拒绝，但后来还是重新考虑了。

U n i t O n e Living in HarmonyEnhance Your Language AwarenessWords in Action▆Working with Words and Expressions1.In the boxes below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentenceswith them. Change the form where necessary.▆Answers:1)bunch2)amazed3)shift4)bundle5)drop6)capacity7)participating8)style9)commerce10)rob11)symbol12)appreciated13)displayed14)slip15)conquer16)roast17)figured2.In the box below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do you understand their meanings?Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary.▆Answers:1)in rich contrast to2)are exposed to3)risked his life4)rely on5)at knife-point6)stands out7)runs contrary to8)flag down9)picks/picked up10)took a gamble on11)pulled away12)pulled over▆Increasing Your Word Power1.CollocationsLook at the adverbs listed in the box below, and decide which adverb is needed to collocate with the verb in each sentence. Fill the correct adverb into the blank in the sentence. The same word may be used in more than one sentence. Consult a dictionary if necessary.▆ Answers:1) out2) over3) back4) down5) over6) up7) out8) back9) down10) out11) up12) over13) back14) out15) down16) over2.Study the different meanings of the word “than” in the following sentences.▆ Answers for Reference:1)Action speaks louder than words.2)Production here needs temperatures lower than 25 degrees Celsius.3)I like to keep things rather than throw them away.4)There is nobody here other than me.5)She’d rather leave her job than (be forced to) work for that boss.3.Word BuildingNow choose the Chinese meaning from Column B that matches each italicized word in Column A. You may consult a dictionary if necessary.▆ Answers:1) d.2) k3) n4) j5) a6) g7) f8) b9) o10) m11) p12) e13) c14) h15) i16) lGrammar in Context1.The –ing form and the infinitive form of the verbTask: Choose either the infinitive form or the –ing form of the verb in the brackets to complete each of the following sentences.▆ Answers:1) preparing2) to thank3) repairing / to be repaired4) to get5) studying6) being treated7) missing8) to reduce9) to leave10) worrying2. The –ed form and the –ing form of the verbStudy the following sentences that appear in this unit, paying special attention to the –ed form and –ing form of the verb. Reflect on its grammatical function in each sentence.Task：Complete the following sentences by translating the Chinese in the brackets into English, paying attention to the use of the -ing form and the -ed form of verbs.▆ Answers:1) kept nodding, rather confused2) Fallen leaves3) surprised, hiding4) Deeply moved5) following6) Being, interested7) located8) readingCloze▆Complete the following passage with words chosen from Text A. The initial letter of each is given. ▆ Answers:1) relying2) intrigued3) penny4) for5) covered6) treated7) amazed8) contrary9) generally10) whatever11) invited12) attentive13) whereTranslation▆ Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in brackets.▆ Answers for Reference:1)The rumor about his divorce is just a ploy to gain publicity for his new film.2)He took a gamble on starting a factory with all the money his parents had left him.3)After winning the important game they hoisted their captain to their shoulders in shouting triumph.4)In the rush to go for globalization, we should watch out for collision of cultures.5)In the circumstances it was not surprising that there was trouble.6)The baby is the very picture of health.7)People have realized the dangers of exposing children to violence and sex on TV.8)We always had in mind for whom we were making the film.Theme-Related Writing▆ Choose one of the following writing tasks and complete it after class.1) Write an essay (of about 250 words) about a memorable experience in which you helped a stranger or were helped by him or her.2) Write an essay (of about 150 words) about human relationships in our society. The following hints might serveas a guide:a. The problems existing in the relationships between people in our society.b. The negative results such problems may bring about to our society.c. What can you do to help establish a harmonious society as a student?▆Sample Essay for Task 1:One weekend morning, while walking on a bustling street with a light heart, I was suddenly overtaken by a startling moan. Turning around, I discovered the sound was coming from a black mass in a corner. “What’s that?” My heart pounded heavily. I went up and saw a human being, alive but in a dreadful state. He was crouching on the ground with deformed hands and legs, mumbling something. He had obviously lost the normal ability to move and work. A dirty plate was placed in front the miserable-looking man, in which there were some coins and small notes.As my eyes were drifting away from him, his eyes caught mine suddenly. What eyes they were! Filled with misery and expectation, they were looking straight at me. He was unable to speak, but I seemed to hear his pleading voice and read his despairing mind. His look seemed to be telling me about his hard life and his longingfor help. For a while, I was at a loss what to do. Should I drop some coins in the plate like some other passers-byor turn away in indifference? I recalled news reports about men pretending to be beggars, who were actually healthy and able to work. Could this be another one of those scams? But the beggar was there, groaning and living. Then something seemed to hit me hard. I drew a five-yuan note from my pocket, dropped it in his dirty plate and walked away quickly in silence.“No good deed is too small.” Maybe we need to bear this saying in mind.▆Sample Essay for Task 2:We are living in a world of distrust. We live behind cold security bars; we do not talk to strangers, let alone go out of our way to help them; we live in fear of fake products. In short, fear and feelings of insecurity fill the environment we live in.All this greatly harms our society. Growing up in such an environment, we tend to feel isolated and care only about ourselves. If things go on like this, ‘trust’, ‘teamwork’, and ‘harmony’ will eventually become terms unheard of.In my opinion, trusting others and being trustworthy are the two basic principles that we should follow if we want to improve human relationships. We may not be in a position to change others, but we can change the way others see us by winning their trust in us. Mutual understanding and love are the pillars that support a harmonious society.Unit TwoOptimism and Positive ThinkingEnhance Your Language AwarenessWords in Action▆Working with Words and Expressions3.In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences withthem. Change the form where necessary.▆Answers:18)positive19)startled20)perspective21)harden22)shape23)address24)crises25)curse26)incredible27)conversely28)issue29)response30)prior31)rare32)accomplish4.In the box below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do you understand theirmeanings? Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary.▆Answers:1)get the hang of2)have lived through3)makes a difference4)have no idea5)concerned with6)slipped over7)ran into8)in reverse9)mull over▆Increasing Your Word Power1.Decide whether “do”, “make”or “take”is needed to complete each of the following sentences. Changethe verb form where necessary.▆Answers:1)does2)make3)take4)do5)make6)Take7)done8)taken9)making10)took2.In each of the following sentences you are given two confusable words or expressions in brackets.Choose the appropriate one to fill in the blank. You may consult a dictionary if necessary.▆Answers:1)concerned2)Concerning3)reject4)declined5)unconscious6)subconscious7)former8)preceding9)raise10)rise3.Now match each of the English word in Column A with its Chinese equivalent in Column B. You mayconsult a dictionary if necessary.▆Answers:1)d2)j3)k4)a5)b6)h7) c8)f9)l10)e11)g12)iGRAMMAR IN CONTEXTTask 1: When it is used as a conjunction, “as”can mean “when / while”, “though / although”, “since / because”, “in the way / manner tha t”, etc., and it can also be used in a comparative structure. Study the following sentences and explain the meaning of “as”in each sentence.▆Answers for reference:1)in the way /manner that2)though / although3)when4)since5)used in a comparison6)though7)while8)in the way thatTask 2: Complete the following sentences after the example by translating the Chinese into English, using “as”as a relative pronoun.▆Answers for reference:1)as you describe / have described / described2)as concern every one of us3)As is well known4)As we all can see5)as you show / as you have shown for your teacher6)As is reported / announced in today’s papersClozeComplete the following passage with words chosen from this unit. The initial letter of each is given.▆Answers:1)p erspective2)d espair3)necessity4)p erform5)C onversely6)prophecy7)w here8)a s9)a chieve10)recognize11)d ealt w ith12)a ttitude13)channels14)c oncernedTranslationTranslate the following sentences into English, using the words and expressions given in brackets.▆Answers for reference:1)Only those who have lived through a similar experience can fully appreciate this. / The only people who canfully appreciate this are those who have lived through a similar experience.2)Scientists have been hard pressed to figure out how these particles form/ are formed and interact (with oneanother).3)Those who have got the hang of Rubik’s Cube (Magic Cube) can return each face to consisting of one colour inno time.4)The individual success of the employees in a team environment results in success for the company.5)The war, although successful in military terms, left the economy almost in ruins.6)He decided to channel his energies into something useful, instead of being glued to / sitting in front of theTV set all day long.7)There’s a difference between strength and courage. It takes strength to survive. It takes courage to live.8)She was by nature a very affectionate person, always ready to give a helping hand to others.Theme-Related WritingDo either of the following two writing tasks. You may draw on some useful ideas and expressions from a variety of sources, such as the two texts in this unit or the Internet.1) Having read the two passages in this unit, you may have come to a better understanding of life and the timeswhen pessimistic and optimistic thoughts take turns to affect your behaviour. Write a letter of encouragement (of about 150 words) to one of your high school friends who failed in the college entrance examination. Tell him or her about your new understanding of the need to remain optimistic.2) The writers of the two texts in this unit convey to us the message that we need to look at the positive side ofanything that comes to us and that we need to take an optimistic and positive attitude toward life. Write an essay (of about 150 words) to share your ideas with your classmates. The following hints may be of some help:a. What is meant by “thinking positively”?b. What is the connection between success and optimism?c. How can we keep an optimistic and positive attitude?▆Sample Letter for Task 1:Dear Weihua,I know you are still feeling upset about your results in the college entranc e examination. I’ve just read an article about how pessimistic and optimistic thoughts can affect our behaviour and I’m now sending you a copy,hoping that it will help you step out of the shadows.Naturally, failing the college entrance examination can be very depressing, yet if you continue to dwell on the past, you will never be able to pick yourself up and focus on what is more important for now and the future. Life is full of trials and anyone may suffer setbacks. We must take an optimistic attitude towards the things we have to deal with. Optimism and positive thinking are powerful forces. Good things do come true if we picture them often. Please do have confidence in your potential. Just work hard and prepare for another chance.You will make it.Yours,Janet(152 words)▆Sample Essay for Task 2:Thinking positively means allowing your mind to be filled with optimistic feelings, and always hoping for the best though still aware of the difficulties that might be involved.The human mind is powerful; thoughts of optimism and pessimism can be a self-fulfilling prophecy. Though it might seem impossible to some, positive thinking and success actually have a cause-and-result relationship. The reason is that a person with positive thinking will always broadcast goodwill and confidence and that kind of radiating attitude will take a hold on everybody.Gradually, people’s attitude will shift towards more trust and respect. This not only opens up more opportunities for the individual, but it also feeds back emotionally, and the cycle continues.Though the shaping of a positive or negative personality often happens subconsciously, it is possible to control such processes consciously. A person can try visualizing favourable situations, whether it is remembering a contest won as a child or imagining getting that job offer so long sought after. Over time circumstances will change accordingly. (169 words)Unit ThreeThe Road to SuccessEnhance Your Language AwarenessWords in ActionWorking with Words and Expressions5.In the box below are some of the words you have learnt in this unit. Complete the following sentences withthem. Change the form where necessary.▆Answers:a)favourableb)discouragedc)consentedd)neglecte)creptf)sufficientg)tracedh)somewhati)refreshj)worthyk)prospectsl)resolvedm)remarkedn)undergoo)rewarded6.In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Do you know how to use them in theproper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary. ▆Answers:33)pack up34)many a35)stays the course36)put to the test37)flooding in38)came across39)come up with40)plunged ... into▆Increasing Your Word Power1.Listed in the box below are some unit nouns. Discuss their meanings and then complete the following table byfilling in the appropriate unit noun. The same unit noun may be used for more than once. Consult a dictionary if necessary.2.Words such as respectful, respectable and respective may cause confusion because they are similar either inmeaning or in spelling. To communicate effectively, we need to pay special attention to such confusable words.▆Answers:1)neglected2)neglectful3)colourful4)coloured5)rough6)tough7)worth8)worthy9)favourable10)favourite11)respectful12)respectable13)respective14)considerate15)considerable3.Word BuildingMatch each of the English word in Column A with its Chinese meaning in Column B.You may consult a dictionary if necessary.▆Answers:1) d. 2) i 3) l 4) a 5) k 6) o 7) p 8) b9)m 10) n 11) e 12) c 13) f 14) g 15) h 16) jGrammar in context1.Study the following sentences that appear in this unit, paying special attention to the subordinate clauses andconnectives. Reflect on their grammatical function and then do the task that follows.Task: Fill in the blanks in the following sentences by choosing proper connectives from the box below.▆Answers for reference:1) what 2) whether 3) whose 4) whoever 5) what6) where 7) how 8) which 9) that 10) that2．Study the following sentences that appear in this unit, paying special attention to“the preposition + relative pronoun” structure. Reflect on their uses and then do the following task.Task: Complete the following sentences using a preposition and a relative pronoun.▆Answers for reference:1）of which 2) for which 3) in which 4) in whom5) of which 6) to which 7) for which 8) at whichClozeComplete the following passage with words and phrases chosen from Text A. The initial letter of each target word is given.▆Answers:1) for 2) aware 3) affair 4) prospects 5) storage 6) matter 7) plunged 8) break9) offered 10) dancing 11) cleared 12) welled 13) stick 14) sacrifices 15) published Translation1. Translate the following sentences into English, using the words and expressions given in brackets.▆ Answers for reference:1)Rumour has it that his new book is based on a true story about a family in a small Tennessee town.2)He teaches in a middle school, but he does some translation work on the side to bring in extra cash / money.3)It’s good to be confident (about yourself), but there’s a difference between (self-)confidence and conceit.4)Only those who stick it out can achieve success. Those who give up halfway will never realize their dreams.5) A true hero possesses / has courage, a noble purpose and a willingness to make sacrifices.6)Anyone who picks up this novel and reads the first paragraph will be hard pressed to put it down.7)In a sense, life is like swimming; if you keep holding on to the sides of the pool, you (will) never learn.8)The future of a nation depends in a large measure upon the quality of education and training. Theme-Related Writing1) Write a narrative essay (of about 150 words) abou t your pursuit of a dream or someone’s experiences inmaking his / her dream come true.Sample essayLi Hui, my friend in high school, was born into a worker’s family. She began to dream of becoming a cartoon artist from her childhood. To her disappointment, her parents strongly opposed her career choice, because the cost of her education would be too high for the poor family, and they were worried about the job opportunities for a cartoon artist. However, Li Hui would not change her mind. She worked hard to perfect her skills and searched persistently for ways to realise her dream. Just before she finished high school, the chance came: a famous art school was holding a cartoon drawing competition. The first three winners would be given a scholarship to study cartoon drawing at the school. Li Hui told herself not to let the chance slip through her fingers. She readily participated and won the second place. She is now studying there and I feel certain that her dream will come true. (156 words)2) People may have different opinions about the key factors for success. Write a short essay (of about 150 words)and share your opinions with your classmates.Sample essay:In my opinion, before a person becomes successful, he or she should fully understand the basic elements of success: competence, determination and optimism.For a person to succeed, he or she has to face great competition and excel in his or her chosen career. The person needs to demonstrate and prove his or her competence in dealing with problems. Without competence, the person can neither stand out among the crowd nor attract the attention of those who hold the keys to the doors of opportunity and advancement.Yet ability alone cannot guarantee success. Often enough, things do not go the way we have planned and failure is unavoidable no matter how intelligent or capable we may be. In such cases one needs to remain firm and optimistic, always believing that hard work will eventually pay off. If the person gives up halfway, success will never knock at the door. (149 words)Enhance Your Language AwarenessWords in Action▇Working with Words and Expressions1. In the boxes below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with the words given. Change the form where necessary.■Answers:1) objective2) current3) adopt4) exhibit5) capture6) integrated7) outstanding8) strategies9) convince10) striving/strive11) diagnosed12) side13) spaced14) thick15) painful16) eventually17) fascinating18) confidence19)label20) creations2. In the boxes below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do you understand their meanings? Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary.■Answers:1) at rest2) dropped out3) drying out4) drop in5) dawned on6) falls away7) drowned out8) on the sidelines9) falling out10) start over11) lose faith12) sign off▆ Increasing Your Word PowerFill in each blank in the following sentences with a proper preposition given in the box.▆ Answers:1) with2) to3) with4) on5) at6) with7) from8) beyond9) from10) on11) for12）to1. Study the use of but in different contexts and then do the task that follows.▆ Answers for reference:1) What can we do but sit and wait for a passing car to bring us to a city nearby?2)He lied to the court not just once, but on several occasions.3)“Gone with the Wind” was/is a great movie, but it was/is a little long.4) I had/have no choice but to accept the challenge.5) The situation looked/looks desperate, but they didn’t/don’t wa nt to give up.6）But for these interruptions, the meeting would have finished earlier.7）Who else but John would have played a trick like that?8）She was the best singer in China at that time. I could not but admire her.9）The machines we bought were cheap, but they went quite well.10）B ecause he had/has a sore throat he was/is unable to swallow anything but liquids.2. Word BuildingMatch each of the English words in Column A with its Chinese meaning in Column B.You may consult a dictionary if necessary.▆ Answers:1) j2) k3) g4) h5) i6) b7) n8) l9) f10) c11) m12) d13) a14) eGrammar in ContextTask 1:Fill in each blank in the following sentences with the proper form of the verb given in brackets, paying special attention to the use of the active voice and the passive voice.▆ Answers:1) be done away with2) is / gets punished3) being erected4) Having been ignored5) believing6) to have sent7) be looked up8) speak / speaking9) being interviewed10) takenTask 2. Translate the following sentences into Chinese, paying special attention to the differences in the choice of the verb voice.▆ Answers for Reference:1）杰克，有你的电话。